Skip to main content

Full text of "A chorographical description of West or H-Iar Connaught"

See other formats 


I 


n 

m 


H 


m  -.  ■ 

m 

■ 


H  £ 


Hi 


H 


/i 


?5.2 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2013 


http://archive.org/details/chorographicaldeOOofla 


CHOROGRAPHICAL  DESCRIPTION 


WEST  OR  H-IAE  CONNAUGHT, 

WRITTEN  A.  D.   1684, 

BY  RODERIC  O'FLAHERTY,  ESQ., 

AUTHOR  OF  THE  "  OGYGIA." 


EDITED,   FROM  A  MS.  IN  THE  LIBRARY  OF  TRINITY  COLLEGE,   DUBLIN, 

WITH  NOTES  AND  ILLUSTRATIONS, 

BY  JAMES  HARDIMAN,  M.R.I. A. 


DUBLIN: 
FOR  THE  IRISH  ARCHAEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


MDCCCXLVI. 


mm. in  : 

PRINTED  A  I    THE   INIYM'.MII    PRESS, 
i    M.    II.   i.ll. I  . 


IRISH  ARCHAEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


FOUNDED   MDCCCXL. 


•patron : 

HIS    ROYAL    HIGHNESS    THE    PRINCE    ALBERT. 

^resilient : 

His  Grace  the  Duke  of  Leinster,  M.R.I.  A. 

Council : 

Elected  December  igth,  1845. 

The  Marquis  of  Kildare,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

The  Earl  of  Leitrim,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

The  Viscount  Adare,  M.  P.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

Rev.  Samuel  Butcher,  A.  M.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

James  Hardiman,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

William  E.  Hudson,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

Captain  Larcom,  R.  E.,  V.  P.  R.  I.  A. 

James  Mac  Cullagh,  Esq.,  LL.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

George  Petrie,  Esq.,  R.  H.  A.,  V.  P.  R.  I.  A. 

Aquilla  Smith,  M.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

Joseph  H.  Smith,  Esq.,  A.  M.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  Treasurer. 

Rev.  J.  H.  Todd,  D.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  Secretary. 


EDITOR'S  PREFACE. 


pE  following  Chorographical  Description  of  the  Ter- 
ritory of  West  or  H-Iar  Connaught,  now  first  printed, 
was  written  in  A.  D.  1684,  by  Roderic  OTlaherty, 
author  of  the  Ogygia,  or  Chronology  of  Irish  events. 
It  is  one  of  many  similar  treatises,  compiled  about 
that  period  by  several  learned  individuals,  for  the 
purpose,  as  is  said,  of  illustrating  the  celebrated  Down  Survey  of 
Ireland,  by  Sir  William  Petty.  After  a  general  view  of  the  bounda- 
ries, extent,  and  baronies  of  H-Iar  Connaught,  the  author,  p.  7,  defines 
its  borders,  beginning  with  Lough  Measg  (Mask),  in  the  north  of 
the  barony  of  Ross,  and  proceeding,  by  the  eastern  limits,  towards 
the  south,  including  Lough  Orbsen  ( Corrib),  he  turns  to  the  west, 
by  the  Bay  of  Galway,  and  thence  continues  northward,  along  the 
shores  of  the  Atlantic,  to  the  Killary  harbour,  which  flows  inland, 
in  the  direction  of  Lough  Mask,  where  he  began.  A  general  descrip- 
tion is  then  given  of  the  state  and  appearance  of  the  interior,  its 
mountains,  mines,  woods,  soil,  rivers,  and  lakes  ;  the  bays  and  har- 
bours round  the  coast ;  the  productions  of  the  country,  as  fish,  fowl, 
irish  arch.  soc.  15.  b  beasts, 


VI 


beasts,  &c. ;  the  ruins  of  ancient  churches,  chapels,  and  other  religion! 
places ;  and,  finally,  the  natural  disposition  of  the  natives.  After  which, 
p.  17,  the  two  great  lakes,  Mask  and  Corrib,  with  some  of  the  islands 
in  the  latter,  are  particularly  described ;  p.  27,  the  river,  town,  and 
bay  of  Gal  way;  p.  44,  the  half  barony  of  Ross  ;  p.  52,  the  barony 
ofMoycullen;  p.  65,  the  three  islands  of  Aran  ;  and  p.  92,  to  the 
end,  the  barony  of  Ballynahinch  (Conamara),  which  completes  the 
district.  The  boundaries,  extent,  and  remarkable  places  so  described, 
may  be  traced  by  their  ancient  names  on  the  annexed  map  of  Iar- 
Connaught,  and  of  Ui  Briuin  Seola,  the  present  barony  of  Clare,  in 
the  County  of  Gal  way,  as  they  existed  in  and  previous  to  the  six- 
teenth century. 

In  this  work  Mr.  O'Flaherty  has  given  additional  proofs  of  his 
discrimination,  judgment,  and  learning.     That  he  has  far  exceeded 
his  contemporary  contributors,  will  appear  by  a  comparison  of  hi£ 
treatise  with  the  others  produced  at  the   same  time,  and  for  the 
same  purpose.     One  only  of  these  has  been  hitherto  published,  be- 
ing a  Description  of  the  County  of  Westmeath,  by  Sir  Henry  Piers, 
printed  by  Vallancey  in  the  first  Number  of  his  Collect'/ n,,i  de  Rdbm 
Hibemicis,  and  also  in  a  separate  form ;  but  the  puerility,  prejudice, 
and  irrelevant  disquisitions  which  pervade  that  "  Itinerary,"'  render 
its  inferiority  to  this  of  our  author  at  once  manifest.     Some  of  the 
other  treatises  alluded  to  still  remain  in  MS.  in  the  Library  of  Trinity 
College,  Dublin.     Among  them  is  a  short  description  of  the  County 
of  Leitrim,  compiled  by  Thady  Eody,  which  appears  deserving  of  pre- 
servation ;  and  is,  indeed,  the  only  one  of  the  entire,  worthy  of  being 
classed  with  the  following  description  of  "West-Connaught. 

As  nearly  two  hundred  years  had  elapsed  since  our  Author 
collected  the  information  contained  in  this  curious  treatise,  it  was 
found  necessary,  as  soon  as  its  publication  had  been  resolved 
upon  by  the  Irish  Archseological  Society,  to  illustrate  the  text  with 

vari<  ma 


Vll 


various  explanations,  and  some  additional  information.  At  the  re- 
quest of  friends,  who  were  pleased  to  think  more  favourably  of  the 
Editor  than  he  is  conscious  of  having  merited,  he  was  induced  to  under- 
take that  task,  and  the  result  of  his  labours  will  be  found  in  the  Notes 
and  Appendix  which  follow.  Among  those  are  interspersed  several 
original  documents,  never  before  published,  which  have  been  carefully 
transcribed  by  the  Editor,  from  various  public  repositories  and  private 
collections  ;  and  these  original  papers  may  now  be  considered  as  so 
many  authentic  additions  to  the  materials  of  Irish  history.  Most  of 
them  have  been  introduced  as  illustrative  of  the  territory  treated  of, 
and  others  as  connected  with  the  province  at  large.  Many  will  be 
found  of  curious  import,  containing  interesting  information ;  particu- 
larly those  relating  to  the  Provincial  Composition  of  A.  D.  1585;  a 
proceeding  with  which  our  historical  writers  for  the  two  last  centu- 
ries appear  to  have  been  but  little,  if  at  all,  acquainted.  A  conside- 
ration of  the  imperfect  state  of  Irish  history  in  general,  and  of  that  of 
this  western  province  in  particular,  has  led  to  the  insertion  of  many  of 
those  documents ;  and  the  opportunity  was  considered  favourable,  as  a 
means  for  their  preservation.  Some  of  them  may  prove  useful  to 
future  writers ;  and  the  correctness  and  authenticity  of  the  entire  may 
be  safely  relied  upon.  The  humble,  but  laborious  duty  which  de- 
volved on  the  Editor,  he  has  thus  endeavoured  to  perform,  "  et  com- 
muni  ductus  officio,  et  amore  quodam  operis."  No  pains  have  been 
spared  to  render  the  publication  in  some  degree  worthy  of  the  repu- 
tation of  the  author  of  the  Ogygia,  and  the  high  character  of  our 
Archseological  Society,  which  is  silently  achieving  so  much  good  for 
the  history  of  Ireland.  How  far  the  Editor  may  have  succeeded  is 
not  for  himself  to  determine.  But  if  this  work  shall  be  found  to 
have  promoted,  even  in  the  slightest  degree,  any  of  the  objects  of  the 
Society,  he  will  feel,  as  expressed  on  a  former  occasion,  amply  requited 
for  all  his  labour.  "  Ex  hoc  quocunque  labore,  si  utilitatem  aliquam  per- 

b  2  cipias, 


Vlll 


cipias,  me  operae  non  pcenitebit,  imd  horas  succisivas  ita  impensas,  me 
bene  collocasse  existimabo." —  Waraeus  noster,  lectori  Antiq.  Htbernia 

To  the  natives  of  H-Iar  Connaught,  or  the  descendants  of  its  old 
families,  the  Editor  is  not  indebted  for  much  information,  written  or 
otherwise,  except  some  few  traditional  narratives  ;  and  of  the  latter, 
such  as  could  not  be  verified  from  other  sources  have  been  rejected. 
Several  extracts  relating  to  the  islands  of  Aran,  the  Civil  Distribu- 
tion, temp.  Car.  II.,  and  other  subjects  connected  with  the  district, 
have  been  omitted,  rather  than  trespass  on  the  indulgence  of  the 
Society,  which  has  liberally  permitted  this  volume  to  be  increased 
far  beyond  its  intended  limits.  It  is  hoped,  however,  that  sufficient 
has  been  given  to  illustrate  our  author's  description,  and  to  diffuse  a 
knowledge  of  this  part  of  Ireland,  which  may  eventually  lead  to  the 
moral  and  social  improvement  of  its  population.  This  work  may. 
moreover,  indicate  what  might  be  expected,  in  the  way  of  documen- 
tary history,  from  other  parts  of  the  kingdom,  when  even  so  much 
could  be  elicited  from  so  unpromising  a  locality  as  II-Iar  Connaught. 
A  series  of  publications  on  a  similar  plan,  from  each  provino 
county,  accompanied  with  original  documents,  would  add  considera- 
bly to  our  national  lore,  and,  probably,  form  an  important  part  of  the 
true  "  Materia  Historica"  of  the  country. 

To  his  erudite  friend,  John  O'Donovan,  the  Editor  stands  obliged 
for  several  judicious  observations,  together  with  the  map  which 
accompanies  this  work ;  and  to  Dr.  Todd,  of  Trinity  College,  and 
Dr.  Aquilla  Smith,  of  Dublin,  he  is  likewise  indebted  for  many  faci- 
lities of  obtaining  information",  and  for  much  useful  assistance-,  to 
which  particularly  may  be  attributed  the  general  correctness  with 
which  the  entire  has  passed  through  the  press.  The  untiring  zeal 
of  these  learned  members  of  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society,  on  the 
present  and  every  other  occasion,  to  promote  its  interests,  entitles 
them  to  the  warmest  acknowledgments  of  that  body. 

The 


IX 


The  Right  Honourable  the  Earl  of  Leitrim,  always  anxious  to 
forward  the  objects  of  the  Society,  has  been  kindly  pleased  to  com- 
municate some  original  papers  written  by  Mr.  O'Flaherty,  which  will 
be  found  printed  in  the  Appendix.  From  one  of  these  is  given  a  fac- 
simile of  a  letter  (see  p.  431),  which  may  prove  serviceable  in  identi- 
fying any  of  his  writings  that  may  hereafter  be  discovered.  The  "  Ogy- 
gia  Christiana,"  said  to  remain  in  manuscript  among  his  relations  in 
Connaught,  was  considered  by  the  venerable  Charles  O'Conor  as  the 
most  valuable  of  our  author's  works. 

To  the  Right  Rev.  Doctor  O'Donnell,  Roman  Catholic  Bishop  of 
Galway,  and  Michael  J.  Browne,  Esq.,  of  Moyne,  in  that  county,  the 
Editor  has  to  return  his  grateful  thanks  for  the  use  of  several  ancient 
documents.  He  has  also  to  express  his  obligations  to  Captain  Larcom, 
of  the  Royal  Engineers  ;  and  to  Sir  Thomas  Phillipps,  Bart.,  of  Middle- 
hill,  Broadway,  Worcestershire,  for  the  kindness  and  liberality  with 
which  that  gentleman  has  permitted  access  to  his  valuable  collection 
of  manuscripts,  among  which  is  preserved  our  author's  autograph  copy 
of  the  following  treatise. 

J.  H. 


ERRATA. 
Page. 

3.  Notes,  col.  2,  last  line,  read  "  O'Dowda." 

10.  Notes,  col.  1,  1.  13,  read  maopaocpoinn 1.  14,  iv.vi  enpor. 

44.  Notes,  col.  1,  1.  21,  read  «  Ballynahineh." 
185.  Line  31,  read  "Connac." 
217.  Line  32,  read  "  Mereiy." 
369.  Notes,  col.  2,  1.  5,  read  70. 
377.  Line  24,  for  "  Ca-"  read  "  Cathal." 
399.  Notes,  col.  2.  1.  13,  read  "  poefe Tin 


LIST  OF  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS 

CONTAINED  IN  THE  NOTES  AND   APPENDIX   TO   THIS   WORK,   AND  NOT 
HERETOFORE  PRINTED. 


Page. 

1.  Narrative  of  an  extraordinary  Cure  at  St.  Augustine's  Well,  near  Galvvay,  A.  D. 

1673, '  .     .     .  88 

2.  List  of  the  Christian  Kings  of  Connaught,  by  Peter  O'Connell, 128 

3.  Account  of  the  Regal  Family  of  O'Conor  of  Connaught,  by  Charles  O'Conor,       .  134 

4.  Rights,  Privileges,  and  Revenues  of  the  Kings  of  Connaught,  from  Leabhar  nu 

g-ceart, 142 

5.  The  Chieftains  and  Territories  of  Connaught  in  the  twelfth  Century,  from  O'Du- 

gan's  "  Triallam  timceall  na  Fodhla" 144 

6.  The  Battle  of  Knock-tow  (Cnoc  d-tuadh),  A.  D.  1504,  from  the  Book  of  Howth,     .  149 

7.  Bulla  pro  Par.  de  Gnowceg  {Gnobeg)  A.  D.  1487 15(5 

8. Skryne  et  Muchulin,  A.  D.  1492, 159 

9.  Serine  et  Clonbirn,  A.  D.  1495, 161 

10.  Ecclesia  de  Meculyn,  A.  D.  1496, 163 

11.  Furanmor  et  Meray,  A.  D.  1496, 165 

12.  Excommunicato  contra  Malefactores  in  Collegium  (Galviw),  A.  D.  1501,    .     .     .  167 

13.  Bulla  pro  Rectoria  de  Tiraglas,  et  Vicariis  de  Kynmara  et  Ballinclare,  A.  D.  1502,  168 
14. Ricardo  De  Burgo,  Canonico  Duacensi,  A.  D.  1511, 171 

15.  Processus  de  Gnobegge,  &c,  A.  D.  1497, 174 

16.  Ecclesiastical  Division  of  West  Connaught,  A.  D.  1615, 179 

17.  Declaration  against  Transporting  of  Wolfe  Dogges,  A.  D.  1652, 180 

18.  Declaration  touchinge  the  Poore,  A.  D.  1653, 181 

19.  Declaration  touching  Wolves,  A.  D.  1653, ib. 

20.  Order  touching  poore  Vagrants,  A.  D.  1653 182 

21.  Letter  of  King  Edw.  VI.  that  the  Irish  may  eat  fleshe  at  all  times  forbidden,  A.D. 

1551, 184 

22. 


Xll 

22.  Placita  apud  Tristeldermot — Ricardus  de  Burgo  Comes  Ultonie,  A.  D.  1305,     .     .  I*'1 

23.  Peticon  of  John  Blake,  alias  Caddie,  A.  D.  1640, 192 

24.  Report  on  the  Petition  of  John  Blake,  alias  Caddie,  A.  D.  1640,     ......  194 

25.  Carta  Thome  de  Hebrigge,  facta  Ricardo  Cadel,  A.  D.  1315, 195 

26.  Carta  Philippi  filii  Willielmi  Erla,  facta  Joh.  f.  Waited  Blak,  A.  D.  1391,    .     .     .  196 

27.  Carta  Kating  Hannyn,  A.  D.  1394, 19/ 

28.  Inventarium  Bonorum  et  Debitorum  Johannis  oge  Blake,   et  ejus  Testamentum, 

A.  D.  1420, l!'s 

29.  Laudum  Wil.  de  Burgo  sue  Nacionis  Capitanei,  &c.  A.  D.  1424, 201 

30.  Dede  of  delyveraunc  of  vi.  marc  xs  to  Sandere  lynche,  &  al.  A.  D.  1430,     .     .     .  _ 

31.  Betwyxt  Wil.  Blake,  f.  Gefferey  and  hary  Blake  fz.  John  for  the  devittion  of  all 

ther  lands,  A.  D.  1445, ib. 

32.  Arbitryrnent  inter  William  fy.  Geffray  et  Johan,  fy.  Henry  Blake,  A.  I).  1445,     .  204 

33.  Mayst  Manes  M'Donkyth  ys  dede,  A.  D.  1449, -    ' 

34.  Testamentum  Johannis  f.  Hen.  Blak,  A.  D.  1468 ib. 

35.  Sententia  lata  inter  Ric.  et  Nico.  Blake,  &c.  A.  D.  1543 210 

36.  The  Order  taken  betywxt  Job.  Wak  Wlleg  &  f  Blaks,  by  y«  lord  Chaunseler, 

A.  D.  1553, ".' 211 

37.  Pettegree  of  John  Blake,  alias  Caddie 212 

38.  Regal  Visitation  of  the  College  of  Gahvay,  A.  D.  1615, 214 

39.  Concessio  iv.  Marcar.  in  puram  Elemosinam,  Parochiali  Ecclesie  S.  Nicolai,  A.  I). 

1435, 215 

40.  Dispensacio  Maritagii  pro  Valtero  Blake  et  Juliana  Lynch,  A.  D.  1472,     .     .     .  21 'I 

41.  Colacio  Archiepiscopi  super  Rectoriam  et  Vicariam  do  Furanmor,  et  Vicariam  de 

Mevay,  A.  D.  1487 217 

42.  Colacio  Archiepiscopi  super  Rectoriam  de  Rawyn,  A.  D.  1488 21  •* 

43.  Resignatio  Vicarie  de  Moculyn,  A.  D.  1488, 21!' 

44.  Conventum  inter  Gul.  de  Burgo  et  Majorem  Gahvy,  A.  D.  1488 2_'(> 

45.  Unio  Ecclesiarum  de  Kyllcommyn  et  Killruyn  Collegio,  A.  D.  1488,      ....  222 

46.  Littere  inhibitorie  contra  Richardum  de  Burgo,  A.  D.  1492, ib. 

47.  Unio  Ecclesiarum  de  Shruther  et  Kenlagh,  pro  Collegio,  A.  D.  1501,      ....  224 

48.  Confirmacio  Walteri  Episcopi  Cluanensis,  pro  Collegio,  A.  D.  1506,       ....  ib. 

49.  Receptio  Sandari  Lynche  et  Anastacie  ejus  uxoris,  in  Confraternitatem  Fratnim 

minorum,  A.  D.  1521 

50.  Conventum  inter  Donaldum  O'Flaherty  et  Vardianum  Galvie,  A.  D.  1527,      •     •  ib. 

51.  Confirmacio  Beneficiorum  pro  Collegio,  A.  D.  1541, 22," 

52.  An  Ordre  in  the  behalfe  of  the  Colledge,  A.  D.  1542 22E 

53.  Morgadg  of  the  juelles  of  ye  Chyrche,A.  D.  1546 230 

54.  Ad  excellentissimum  Principem  Henricum  Octavum  [Petitio], ib. 

55.  Dispensacio  pro  Nicholao  Blake,  et  Sescilia  Uxore  ejus,  A.  D.  1556,      ....  233 

56.  Confirmacion  by  Richard  Blake,  of  his  Auncestors  Gifts  to  the  Colledge,  A.  D.  155S,  ib. 

57- 


Xlll 

Page. 

57.  Order  touching  Srowher  [Shrule]  etc.  A.  D.  1569, 235 

58.  Inquisittio  of  the  Duties  and  Rights  of  S<  Nicholas  his  Churche,  A.  D.  1609,    .     .  236 

59.  Order  of  Hermits  of  Sl  Augustine, — Deed  of  Endowment,  A.  D.  1517,  •     •     .     .  243 

60.  State  Letter  for  Favor,  A.  D.  1656 244 

61.  Genealogia  Domini  Gregorii  Joyes 248 

62.  Carta  Dermicii  O'Halloran,  A.  D.  1594, 255 

63.  Carta  Joh.  O'Halloran,  A.  D.  1594, 256 

64.  Morrertagh  O'Hallurane  and  Teig  is  Dede,  A.  D.  1606, 257 

65.  Deede  of  the  Clagann,  A.  D.  1612, 258 

66.  Donoghe  McMoyller  et  al.  is  dede,  A.  D.  1614 259 

67.  Erevan  O'Halloraine  his  deede  of  Mullaghglasse,  A.  D.  1645, ib. 

68.  Letter  to  Dr.  Molineaux,  on  Ratts,  A.  D.  1708, 263 

69.  Murage  Charter  of  Athenry,  A.  D.  1310, 2C6 

70.  Letter  from  the  Earl  of  Clanricarde,  A.  D.  1596, 270 

71.  Letter  from  the  Mayor  of  Galway,  A.  D.  1596, 271 

72.  Petition  of  the  Porlriffe,  &c,  of  Athenry  to  Parliament,  A.  D.  1634, 272 

73.  Indenture  and  Returne  relating  to  S'  Dominick's  Abbey,  and  Our  Lady's  Churche, 

A.  D.  1651, 274 

74.  Letter  of  Q.  Elizabeth  for  Conly  Mac  Geoghegan,  A.  D.  1567, 276 

75.  Indenture    between   Morroghe   ne    Moyer    O'Fflaherty,    and   Knohor  (Connor) 

MlConry,  A.  D.  1615, 281 

76.  Will  of  Bryan  McEnry,  A.  D.  1691, 282 

77.  abpdn  an  piiuca 283 

78.  6ainip  piieji  ni  h-6ajpa 287 

79.  66jan  Coip, 292 

80.  Trial  of  Robert  Martin,  A.  D.  1735 295 

81.  Q.  Elizabeth's  letter  respecting  the  Civil  Reformation  of  Connaught,  A.  D.  1579, 

(note), 304 

82.  Indenture  of  Composition  for  the  Country  of  the  O'Fflaherty es,  called   Eyre-Co- 

naght,  A.  D.   1585, 309 

83.  ■ Many  O'Kelle's  Country, 318 

84.  ■ O'Madden's  Country, 321 

85. ■  that  part  of  Connaught  called  Clanrickard, 323 

86. Mac  Davye's  Countreye, 327 

87.  ■ Brymegham's  Country,  or  Barony  of  Donemore, 329 

88. Countie  of  Mayoe, 331 

89.  Boundaries  of  Mayo  (note),  A.  D.  1607, ib. 

90.  Bellahawnes  Baronye,  commonly  called  Mac  Costilo  his  Country,  A.  D.  1587,      .  339 

91.  Indenture  of  Composition  for  Sligo,  A.  D.  1585 340 

92.  Boundaries  of  Sly  go  (Moze),  A.  D.  1607 341 

93.  Indenture  of  Composition  for  O'Royrk's  Country,  A.  D.  1585, 346 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.    15.                                                         C  94. 


XIV 

Page. 

94.  The  County  of  Leitrim,  limitted  and  appointed,  A.  D.  1583  (note) 346 

95.  Boundaries  of  Leitrim,  A.  D.  1607  (note), 347 

96.  Indenture  of  Composition  for  Moylurge  alias  Mac  Dermott's  Countrye,  O'Connor 

Roe's  Countrye,  and  O'Connor  Dune's  Country  [Roscommon],  A.  D.  1585,  .      .  352 

97.  Boundaries  of  Roscommon,  A.  D.  1607  (note), 353 

98.  Lords  Spirituall  and  temporal],  chieftanes,  gent.  &c,  of  Thomond,  A.  D.  1585,     .  35s 

99.  Letter  of  Q.  Elizabeth  for  Connoher  Earl  of  Thomond,  A.  D.  1577, 359 

100.  Territories  of  the  hereditary  Proprietors  of  Muintir  Murchadha,  of  Clanfergail  and 

Meadruidhe,  and  Hy-Briuin  Seola,  and  Hy-Briuin  Ratha,  and  Muintir  Fahy; 

their  chieftains,  and  Mac  Oglachs,  and  Ollaves,  A.  D.  1098, 368 

101.  First  invasion  of  Connaught  by  the  Anglo-Normans,  from  the  Book  ofLeinster, 

A.  D.  1177, 376 

102.  Letters  of  Henry  III.  in  favour  of  Morogh  and  Roderic  O'Flaherty,  A.  O.  1244,     .  381 

103.  Submission  of  Hugh  O'Flaherty  to  King  Henry  VIII.,  A.  D.  1538 3s3 

104.  Letters  patent  of  Q.  Eliz.  appointing  Morrougli  of  the  Battle-axes  Chief  of  the 

O'Flaherties,  A.  D.  1569, 385 

105.  Complaint  of  Roger  Fflahertie  to  Sir  John  Perrot,  Lo.  Deputy,  against  Morogh  of 

the  Battle-axes,  A.  D.  1584, 3s7 

106.  Aunswere  of  Moroghe  na  doe  thereunto,       

107.  Depositions  taken  between  them,  ad perpetuam  rei  memoriam,  A.  D.  J585,       .     .  391 

108.  Surrender  of  Sir  Morough  ne  doe,  A.  D.  1585, 395 

109.  Submission  of  Sir  Moroughe  ne  doe  and  other  Chiefs  to  the  Queen,  A.  D.  1589,  396 

110.  Will  of  Sir  Moroghe  ne  doe,  A.  D.  1593 99 

111.  Murrough  ne  Moyre  O'Fflahertie,  A.  D.  1626, 404 

112.  Extracts  from  Depositions  of  A.  D.  1641  (note) 406 

113.  Examination  of  Colonel  Edmond  O'Flahertie,  A.  D.  1653, 

114.  Deposition  of  John  Ward  (note),  A.  D.  1643, 409 

115.  Protection  for  Persons  in  Arms  (except  Priests,  &*'),  A.  D.  1651 413 

116.  Places  in  Connaught  excluded  from  Protection,  A.  D.  1651, ib. 

117.  Rewards  for  bringing  in  the  heads  of  Rebells,  A.  D.  1G52, 414 

118.  Order  for  Transplanting  into  Connaught,  A.  D.  1655, ib. 

119.  Order  to  Lycense   Peter  Walsh,  a  Priest,  to  come  out  of  Flanders  into  Ireland, 

A.  D.  1653, 423 

Tracts  by  Roderic  O'Flaherty,  now  first  printed. 

I.   Observations  on  Dr.  Borlace's  Reduction  of  Ireland,  A.  D.  168J, 431 

II.  Confutation  of  the  Chinese  Chronology,  A.  D.  1696, 434 

III.  Animadversions  on  Dr.  Chamberlain's  Subjection  of  the  Bishops  of  Ireland  to  the 

Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  A.  D.  1709 437 


THE  TERRITORY 


WEST  OR  H-IAR  CONNAUGHT, 


RODERIC  OFLAHERTY*. 


>HE  territory  of  West  Connaught",  the  antient  seig- 
niory of  the  O'Flaherties,  was  extended  of  old  be- 
yond Lough  Orbsenc,  and  the  river  and  town  of 
Gallway,  to  the  barronies  of  Kilmain,  Clare,  and 
Dunkellind. 

Its  cathedrall  (as  every  Irish  seigniory  had  its 
own,  whose  diocess  runned  with  the  seigniory's  bounds)  was  Enagh- 

dun, 


a  Roderic  C? Flaherty. — For  a  biographi- 
cal notice  of  this  learned  individual  see 
the  genealogical  and  historical  account  of 
the  O'Flaherties,  compiled  from  original 
documents,  in  Appendix  III. 

b  West  Connaught — Accurately  so  call- 
ed, says  De  Burgo  in  his  Hibernia  Domi- 
nicana,  for  it  is  like  a  peninsula  forming 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5. 


the  West  of  Connaught,  nay,  even  of  all 
Ireland.  "Et  merito  quidem,  est  enim 
ad  instar  Peninsula?  in  Occiduo  Conacice, 
immo  totius  Hibernias." — p.  308.  It  is 
in  Irish  called  lap  or  laprap  Connacc, 
but  by  our  author,  in  his  Ogygia,  p.  386, 
latinized  "  West-connactia ;"  and  was  one 
of  the  great  divisions  of  the  cuijeao,  fifth 
B 


dune,  dedicated  to  St.  Brendan,  the  16th  of  May,  Anno  Christi,  577, 
there  deceased,  in  the  barony  of  Clare,  on  the  brink  of  Lough  Orb- 


or  province  of  Connaught,  which  was  it- 
self, anciently,  the  most  extensive  of  the 
five  provinces,  or  cuijeaoa,  into  which 
Ireland  was  originally  divided. 

c  Lough  Orbsen. — OrOirb,  now  corrupt- 
ly Corrib.  For  an  account  of  this  lake, 
and  of  the  river  and  town  of  Gal  way,  men- 
tioned immediately  after  in  the  text,  see 
further  on  in  this  treatise. 

d  Kilmain,  Clare,  and  Dunkellin. — Kil- 
main,  in  Irish,  CiU  mhea6oin,  a  barony  in 
the  south  of  the  county  of  Mayo ;  of  which 
that  part  lying  south  of  the  River  Robe  was 
the  ancient  territory  of  Conmhaicne  cuile 
toladh,  one  of  the  five  Conmhaicnes  of  Con- 
naught,  for  which  see  our  author's  Ogygia, 
P.  iii.  ch.  xlvi.  p.  276.  This  was  the  ancient 
seignory  of  O'Talcarain.  Qp  Conrhaicne- 
cuile  ac  clop,  O  Calcupain. — CDu- 
gan's  Topogr.  Poem,  Stanz.  55.  See  also 
Lynch'sCambr.Evers.  p.  27  ;  and  O'Brien's 
Diet.,  in  voce  Conmhaicne.  The  race  of 
O'Talcarain  has  long  since  become  extinct. 
After  them  theO'Conors,  of  the  Siol-Muir- 
eadhoigh  race,  seem  to  have  acquired  power 
and  possessions  in  this  distinct.  In  A.  D. 
1 155,  the  church  of  Kilmain  was  burned. 
— Four  Masters.  The  O' Flaherties  at  an 
early  period  acquired  some  small  portions 
of  the  southern  part  of  this  rich  district, 
which  bordered  on  their  own  territory  of 
Ui  bpuin  peola;  but  the  entire  was  after- 
wards possessed  by  the  Anglo-Norman  ad- 
venturers, chiefly  the  Burkes  and  their 


sen ; 

descendants,  who  built  the  castles  men- 
tioned in  the  text.  In  the  thirteenth  cen- 
tury, this  territory  was  the  scene  of  great 
warring  and  contention,  between  those 
adventurers    and   the  native  tribes,   the 

O'Conors  and  the  O'Flaherties See  the 

Annals  of  the  Four  Masters,  particularly 
at  A. D.  1225,  et  sequent.     In  A. D.  1265. 
a  conference  took  place  at  Kilmain,  be- 
tween Tomaltach  O'Conor,  Archbishop  of 
Tuam,   and   the  Prendergasts.   at   which 
many  of  the  Archbishop's  people   t 
slain. — Id.    See  Ware's  account  of  this  de- 
pute, where  he  incorrectly  calls  this  ; 
Kilmethau.      In  A.  D.  1585,  the  ancient 
district  of  Conmhaicne  cuile  toladh 
created  the  barony  of  Kilmain,  so  called 
from  the  ancient  church  then-.    Archdall 
was  unacquainted  with  the  site  or  name  of 
this  foundation — See  Monast.  p.  503.    In 
A. D.  1789,  Sir  John  Browne,  Bart., 
created  Baron  Kilmain  of  the  Neale,  in  the 
county  of  Mayo. — Ir.  Peerage. 

Clare. — This  was  the  ancient  terri: 
of  Ui  6pum  Seola.    the  original  inheri- 
tance of  the  O'Flaherties,  or  Muintir  Mur- 
chada  (from  Morogh.  the  son  of  Maonaeh. 
who   died    A.    D.    891. — F  vr#). 

which  included  the  districts  of  Ui  Bruin 
Ratha  and  Claim  Fcargaile,  in  the  latter 
of  which  Galway  was  situate.  It  wa~ 
called  Muintir  Murchadha,  from  the  tribe 
name  of  the  possessors.  Rickard  Earl  of 
Clanrickard.  who  died  24th  July.  A.  D. 


sen;  which,  besides  the  cathedrall,  had  an  abbey  of  Chanon  Regulars, 
and  a  nunnery. 

Butf  since   the  year  of  Christ,   1238,  wherein  the  baronies  of 
Clare,  Kilmain  and  Kerag  were  planted  with  castles11  by  the  English, 

the 


1582,  was  seized  of  a  chief  rent  of  twenty- 
marks  out  of  the  cantred  called  Moynter- 
moroghou Inq.  Rolls  Off.  Dub.  This  ter- 
ritory, excepting  a  small  portion  to  the 
south,  was  created  the  barony  of  Clare,  in 
A.  D.  1585 ;  and  it  was  so  named  from  the 
castle  of  Baile  an  Chlaire,  now  Clare-Gal- 
way,  which  lies  aboiit  five  miles  N.  E.  of 
that  town.  The  O'Flaherties  possessed  this 
territory  from  the  fifth  to  the  thirteenth 
century,  when  they  were  driven  out  by  the 
Anglo-Norman  Burkes.  They  then  crossed 
Lough  Orbsen  (Corrib)  and  dispossessed 
the  more  ancient  owners  of  the  territories 
of  Gnomore,  Gnobegg,  and  Conmhaicne- 
mara,  the  present  baronies  of  Moycullen 
and  Balinahinch  lying  west  of  that  lake, 
as  will  appear  in  the  sequel. 

Dunkellin In    Irish,    t)un    Caillin. 

This  barony  was  created  in  A.  D.  1585, 
and  named  from  an  ancient  dun  or  cas- 
tle within  its  boundaries.  It  formed 
part  of  the  territory  of  Ui  Fiachrach 
Aidhne,  in  the  south  of  the  present 
county  of  Galway ;  and,  with  the  barony 
of  Clare  before  mentioned,  was  included 
in  the  more  modern  territory  of  Clanrick- 
ard  in  that  county,  acquired  by  the  fa- 
milies of  De  Burgo  after  the  English  in- 
vasion. See  Appendix  I.  for  a  particular 
account  of  that  territory,  in  A.  D.  1585. 


e  Enaghdun. — Now  Annaghdown.  We 
learn  above  from  our  author  that  the 
diocese  of  Enaghdun  was  conterminate 
with  the  "  seignory"  or  territory  of  the 
O'Flaherties.  The  extent  of  both  might, 
therefore,  be  satisfactorily  ascertained 
from  the  ecclesiastical  survey  and  taxa- 
tion of  Ireland,  made  in  the  time  of  Pope 
Nicholas,  A.  D.  1291;  but  that  curious 
record  is  kept  in  London,  in  the  de- 
partment of  the  Queen's  Remembrancer 
there.  The  extent  of  the  diocese  of  Enagh- 
dun, at  a  subsequent  period,  may  be  learned 
from  the  MS.  E.  3,  1 3,  in  the  Library  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  which  contains, 
"  the  state  of  the  dioceses  of  Tuam,  Enagh- 
dun, and  Kilmacduach,"  in  the  reign  of 
Elizabeth,  and  in  the  time  of  Christopher 
Bodkin,  who  succeeded  archbishop  Lally, 
A.  D.  1536. —  Ware.  See  also  the  Regal 
Visitation  of  A.  D.  1615. 

f  But — This  paragraph  seems  misplaced. 
Half  of  it,  viz.,  as  far  as  the  word  "  Ar- 
ran,"  properly  belongs  to  the  first,  and  the 
remainder  to  the  second  paragraph. 

g  Kera. — In  Irish  Ceapa.  The  barony 
of  Carra,  or  Burriscarra,  in  the  county  of 
Mayo,  bordering  on  the  barony  of  Kilmain, 
in  the  same  county,  was  part  of  the  terri- 
tory of  Hy-Fiachrach,  the  ancient  princi- 
pality of  the  O'Dowde  family.     Although 


B 


the  same  [  West  Connaught]  is  confined  to  the  limits  of  Moycullin 
and  Balynahinsy  barony's,  and  of  the    half  baronies  of  Ross  and 

Aran  : 


this  is  one  of  the  richest  baronies  of  Ire- 
land, in  point  of  soil,  its  present  dense  po- 
pulation may  be  classed  among  the  poorest 
of  the  kingdom  in  point  of  circumstances. 
But  it  was  not  always  so.  The  rich  plains 
of  Carra  are  noticed  at  an  early  period  of 
our  history ;  and  the  inhabitants,  emphati- 
cally called  the  "Men  of  Carra,':  were  for- 
merly distinguished  for  their  bravery,  af- 
fluence, and  hospitality.  "  ^ap pao  calma 
pip  Ceapa"  (a  brave  race,  the  men  of 
Carra).  McFirbis  describes  these  "  Men 
of  Carra"  and  their  possessions,  in  his  Book 
of  Hy-Fiachrach,  preserved  in  MS.  in  the 
Library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  Dub- 
lin. This  is  one  of  the  most  interesting 
fragments  of  Irish  history  now  remain- 
ing, and  has  recently  been  published  by 
the  Irish  Archaeological  Society.  From 
it  we  learn  that  several  of  the  kings  of 
Connaught  formerly  resided  in  Carra,  and 
that  O'Murry,  O'Gormog,  and  O'Tier- 
ney,  were  its  lords  under  the  O'Dowdes, 
kings  of  Hy-Fiachrach.  In  A.  D.  1273, 
Flann  O'Tierney,  lord  of  Carra,  was  slain 
by  the  O'Murrys  in  a  contest  about  the 

lordship Four  Masters.      The   English 

De  Burgos  immediately  after  dispossessed 
these  old  proprietors,  and  established  them- 
selves in  the  territory.  Some  of  the  de- 
scendants of  the  former  lords  of  Carra, 
particularly  the  O'Tierneys,  may  yet  be 
traced  within  the  barony,  but  most  of 
them  reduced  to  extreme  poverty.   Robert 


Downing,  in  his  Description  of  Mayo,  writ- 
ten about  A.  D.  1684,  and  preserved  in  the 
MS.  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  I. 
1,  3,  states,  that  "  The  barony  of  Scarra 
{rede  Carra)  or  Burriscarra,  lyeth  next  to 
Kilmaine,  which  standeth  upon  the  brink 
of  a  great  lough,  called  Lough  Carra,  by 
the  ancients  Fionn  lough  Carra,  which  is 
said  to  have  been  one  of  the  three  loughs 
of  Ireland  that  first  sprung.  On  it  is  a 
small  abbey,  or  rather  nunnery,  called 
Annagh  or  Any.  It  was  founded  and  given 
by  Thomas  Burke,  the  chief  of  the  Burk*- 
of  Mayo,  to  the  abbot  of  Cong,  upon  con- 
dition, that  if  any  woman  oi'lii-  posterity 
would  vow  chastity,  the  abbot  of  < 
should  maintain  her  during  her  li: 
appears  by  the  several  inquisitions  after 
the  dissolution  of  Cong." — See  Archdall's 
Monast.  p.  500,  Abbey  of  Cong.  In 
A.  D.  1585,  Carra  was  created  a  barony, 
retaining  its  ancient  name.  For  further 
particulars  concerning  it,  see  Mayo  Com- 
position, Appendix  I. 

h  Planted  rcith  castles This  is  recorded 

by  the  Four  Masters  as  follows  :  A.  D. 
1238,  "  Cai plena  00  oenavh  hi  TTluinrip 
niupchaoa  hi  c-Conmatcne  Cuile  ajup 
ac-Ceapa,  lapna  bapunaiB  pempuire." — 
"  Castles  were  built  in  Muiutir  Murcha- 
dha  [the  barony  of  Clare],  in  Conmaicne 
Cuile  [the  barony  of  Kilmain]  and  Ceara, 
by  the  aforesaid  barons ;""  i.  e.  by  the  Eng- 
lish adventurers  in  Ireland.     Ti. 


Aran1 ;  and  in  the  time  of  Malachias  Mac  Aodha  of  West  Connaught 
extraction^  archbishope  of  Tuam  \ab.  A0.  13 13,  ad.  Ann.  1348],  after 


principally,  the  Burkes,  many  of  whom 
afterwards  took  the  surnames  of  Mac  Phil- 
bin,  Gibbons,  Jonine  or  Jennings,  Mac 
Huberts,  Mac  Tibbotts,  Mac  Meylers,  &c. 
The  adjoining  districts  were  possessed 
by  the  Berminghams  (afterwards  called 
Mac  Feorais),  the  Jordans,  Costellos,  Pren- 
dergasts,  Mac  Morrises,  Stauntons  (after- 
wards called  McEvillys),  Fitzsimonses  (af- 
terwards called  Mac  Eudderys,  recently 
Knights),  Fitzstephens,  &c.  All  these  fa- 
milies are  descended  from  the  Anglo-Nor- 
man adventurers  or  soldiers  who  came  to 
Ireland  in  the  twelfth  and  thirteenth  cen- 
turies ;  but  having  afterwards  became 
"  more  Irish  that  even  the  Irish  them- 
selves," their  possessions  were  nearly  all 
confiscated  in  the  seventeenth  century. 
Their  descendants  are  consequently  much 
reduced  from  the  opulence  of  the  original 
founders ;  but  many  of  them  yet  preserve 
rank  and  respectability  in  the  country. 
The  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters  contain, 
in  great  part,  the  history  of  these  fami- 
lies. 

'Aran These  baronies  of  Moycullin  and 

Ballynahinsy,  and  the  half  baronies  of  Ross 
and  Aran  will  be  found  described  further 
on.  The  extent  of  Iar- Connaught,  viz.,  of 
Eoss,  Moycullin,  and  Ballinahinch,  is  es- 
timated in  Irish  acres,  by  the  able  engi- 
neer, Mr.  Nimmo,  in  his  valuable  "  Re- 
port on  the  Bogs  to  the  west  of  Lough 
Corrib"  (printed  as  an  Appendix,  No.  1 2, 


to  the  Fourth  Report  of  the  Commissioners 
on  the  Bogs  of  Ireland,  vol.  ii.  p.  187,  by 
order  of  the  House  of  Commons,  A.  D. 
1 8 14),  as  follows: 

Arable, 25,000  acres. 

Bog, 120,000      „ 

Mountain  and  upland 

pasture,     ....     200,000      ,, 

Rock,  much  of  it  lime- 
stone,            5,000      „ 


350,000  „ 
The  extent  and  population  of  these  three 
baronies  and  the  islands  of  Aran,  given  in 
the  "  Report  of  the  Commissioners  ap- 
pointed to  take  the  Census  of  Ireland  for 
the  year  1841"  (the  extent  taken  from 
the  Ordnance  Survey  of  Ireland),  are  as 
follows  : 


STATUTE 
ACRES. 

POPULA- 
TION IN 
1841. 

POPULA- 
TION IN 
1821. 

Balinahinch,    .   . 
Moycullen,  .   .   . 

Aran  Isles,  .  .  . 

191,433 

220,233 

98,631 

11,288 

33,465 

29,445 

9,758 

3,521 

19,408 

20,214 
7,503 
3,079 

521,585 

76,189 

50,204 

From  these  tables  it  appears  that  the 
population  has  increased  in  Iar-Connaught 
more  than  one-half  in  twenty  years  ;  but 
nothing  is  more  certain  than  that  the 
means  of  any  thing  like  comfortable  exis- 
tence have  not  at  all  increased.  In  the 
days  of  our    author,    as  he   relates,   the 


a  long  debate  for  many  years  before  and  in  his  time,  the  cathedrall  of 
Enaghdun  was,  Anno  1321,  united  to  the  see  of  Tuam,  by  the  finall 
decision  of  Pope  John  the  twenty-second. 

The  half  barony  of  Kosse  lies  furthest  to  the  north,  the  barony 
of  Moycullin  to  the  east,  the  half  barony  of  Aran  to  the  south,  and 
the  barony  of  Balynahinsy  to  the  west. 

It  is  thirty-two    miles   long   from   Galway  to    Slhnheadk  ;    and 

I  setting 


people  of  tins  district  had  plenty  of  corn 
for  their  own  consumption  after  paying 
their  landlords.  Potatoes,  which  were  then 
unknown,  are  now,  generally  speaking,  the 
principal  food  ;  and  even  they  sometimes 
fail,  of  which  there  have  been,  in  latter 
years,  some  awful  instances. 

J  West  Connaught  extraction Our  au- 
thor's meaning  seems  to  be  that  Malachias 
Mac  Aodha,  i.  e.  Malachy  Mac  Hugh,  or 
Hughes,  was  of  the  same  extraction  as  the 
O'Flaherties  of  West  Connaught.  This 
ancient  and  respectably  descended  family 
of  Hughes,  is  now  pretty  generally  spread 
over  this  province.  For  its  pedigree  down 
to  the  archbishop,  see  Mac  Firbis's  great 
Book  of  Genealogies,  preserved  in  the  Li- 
brary of  the  Eoyal  Irish  Academy,  p.  201. 
It  is  also  given  by  O'Ferrall  (who  here 
agrees  with  Mac  Firbis),  in  his  curious 
Book  of  Irish  Pedigrees,  preserved  in  the 
Herald's  Office,  Dublin,  as  follows:  "Mac 
Hugh  of  Mon  teach;  96.  Canfaola,  son  of  Col- 
gan,  the  thirteenth  Christian  king  of  Con- 
naught (see  No.  1 1  in  the  O 'Flaherty  Pedi- 
gree, Appendix  II.);  97.  Dungal  or  Toole 
(second  son  of  Canfaola,  Amalgadh,  the 
ancestor  of  O'Flaherty,  being  the  oldest) ; 


98.  Cumscragh  ;  99.  Donn ;  100.  Cos- _■ 
ioi.Murias;  102.  Conang;  103.  Gownan: 
104.  Cosgrach  (some  call  him  Flann  abrad) 
a  quo  Clann  Coscry  ;  1 05.  Eory  ;  1 06. 
Hugh,  a  quo  the  surname  Mac  Hugh  ; 
107.  Muredach  ;  108.  Teige:  109.  Hugh; 
1 10.  Donogh  ;  ill.  Mc-laghlin  :  112.  Do- 
nald ;  113.  Melaghlin  McHugh,  a  canon 
in  Elphin,  and  made  bishop  there,  1309  ; 
archbishop  of  Tuam,  1 3  1 3  :  and  (as  also 
elsewhere  stated  by  our  author)  governor 
of  Connaught,  jointly  with  EdmondBurke, 
son  to  the  red  Earl  of  Ulster,  in  1333; 
died  1348.  He  was  a  learned  antiquary, 
and  writ  the  book  called  leubcrp  lTlhic 
Qoou,  now  [1709]  extant." — Or  in.  m  loc. 
citat.  See  Ware's  Account  of  Archbishop 
Mac  Hugh,  vol.  i.  p.  610. 

k  Slimhcad. — Ceann  lei  me  ;  in  Mac- 
kenzie's "  Maritim  Survey."  and  other 
modern  maps  and  charts,  improperly  called 
Sline,  or  Slyne,  head.  This  is  the  most 
western  point  of  Conamara,  and  our  author 
must  have  calculated  its  distance  from 
Galway,  according  to  the  "  long  I 
naught  miles"  ("  magnis  milliaribus  Co- 
naciensibus,"  de  Burgo,  Hib.  Dom.  p.  308, 
n.  (e)  ),  for  it  is  at  least  fifty  miles,  modern 


(setting  aside  the  Isles  of  Aran)  sixteen  miles  broad,  from  Killin1, 
opposite  to  Aran,  to  the  Salmon  Leap  of  Easroe. 

It  is  surrounded  on  the  east  with  Loughmeasgm,  the  isthmus 
and  river  of  Cong",  Lough  Orbsen,  and  the  river  of  Gal  way  ;  on  the 

south 


English  measure,  from  that  town  to  the 
lighthouse  atSlimhead.  Harris  incorrectly 
says  :  "  I  judge  the  name  Slime-Head 
should  be  written  Slin-Head,  Slin  signify- 
ing a  shoulder." — Harris's  Ware,  vol.  ii. 
p.  202.  This  is  one  of  the  numerous  er- 
rors which  should  be  corrected  in  a  new 
edition  of  that  work. 

1  Killin — Easroe. — At  Killin  (C  ill  in) 
are  the  ruins  of  an  old  church,  near  the 
south-west  point  of  Casla  Bay.  Easroe, 
Gappuao,  lies  at  the  head  of  the  Killery, 
Caol  paile  puao,  near  the  mearing  of 
the  counties  of  Mayo  and  Galway. 

m  Loughmeasg. — IDear-jct,  now  called 
Lough  Mask.  This  lake  will  be  found 
mentioned  again  in  the  sequel. 

n  Cong In  Irish,  Conjct  and  Conja 

pecin,  a  border  town  between  Mayo  and 
Galway  counties,  formerly  celebrated  for 
a  richly  endowed  monastery,  founded  by 
St.  Fechin  (but,  according  to  Ware,  by 
Donal  Mac  Aodha  mhic  Ainmhire,  mo- 
narch of  Ireland)  in  the  seventh  century. 
Cong  is  situated  upon  an  island  or  isthmus 
formed  by  the  openings  of  the  subter- 
raneous river  flowing  from  Lough  Mask 
into  Lough  Corrib.  The  plain  of  Moytura, 
Irish  fflaj  Uuipeao,  famous  for  a  decisive 
battle  fought  there  at  an  early  period,  be- 
tween the  Firbolgs  and  Tuatha  de  Danans, 


early  invaders  of  Ireland  (see  Four  Mas- 
ters at  A.  M.  3303)  lies  within  the  parish 
of  Cong,  to  the  right  of  the  road  leading 
from  the  town  of  Cong  to  the  village  of 
the  Neale.  Here  were  to  be  seen  the  re- 
mains of  an  ancient  fort,  called  Carcnp 
mhic  Uuipe  ;  lately  demolished  in  order 
to  erect  the  glebe  house  of  Nymphsfield 
on  its  site. 

The  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters  inform 
us,  that  in  A.  D.  1 198,  Roderick  O'Conor, 
king  of  Connaught  and  monarch  of  Ire- 
land, died  at  Cong,  and  that  his  remains 
were  conveyed  to  Clonmacnoise,  and  in- 
tombed  at  the  north  side  of  the  altar  of 
the  great  church  there.  Cathal  Crovdearg 
{the  red-handed),  king  of  Connaught,  having 
leagued  with  William  Fitz-Adelm  de  Bur- 
go,  or  Burke  (the  first  of  the  Burkes  who 
came  to  Ireland),  they  marched  to  Cong, 
where  they  spent  the  Easter.  While  there, 
this  William  Burke,  and  the  sons  of  Rode- 
rick O'Flaherty,  entered  into  a  conspiracy 
to  murder  Cathal,  but  it  was  providentially 
discovered  and  defeated.  A.  D.  1226,  Nu- 
ala,  queen  of  Ulster,  and  daughter  of  Ro- 
derick O'Conor  the  monarch,  died  at  Cong, 
and  was  interred  in  the  canon's  church 
there. 

The  remnant  of  a  splendid  cross,  which 
formerly  belonged  to   the   monastery   of 


south  with  the  bay  of  Gall  way0  and  western  ocean  ;  on  the  west  and 
north  with  the  same  ocean,  and  with  the  mountaines  of  Formna  more 
further  on  the  north. 

The  country  is  generally  coarse,  moorish,  and  mountanousp,  full 
of  high  rocky  hills,  large  valleys,  great  bogs,  some  wood<q,  whereof 
it  had  abundance  before  they  were  cut. 

It 


Cong,  was  lately  purchased,  and  muni- 
ficently presented  to  the  Royal  Irish  Aca- 
demy, by  James  Mac  Cullagh,  Esq.,  the 
distinguished  Professor  and  Fellow  of  Tri- 
nity College,  Dublin. 

°  Galwoy. — For  an  account  of  the  river 
and  bay  mentioned  here  see  further  on. 
Mr.  Nimmo,  in  his  valuable  Eeport  before 
referred  to  (note  '),  says :  "  The  district 
oflar-Connaught  is  nearly  surrounded  by 
the  sea  on  the  south  and  west,  and  the 
great  lakes,  Mask  and  Corrib,  on  the  east ; 
the  latter  navigable  into  the  town  of  Gal- 
way,  and  could  easily  be  made  so  to  the 
sea." — Report,  p.  188. 

p  Mountanous. — "Although  Conamara 
be  mountainous,  it  is  by  no  means  an  up- 
land country  like  Wicklow ;  at  least  three- 
fourths  of  Conamara  proper  is  lower  than 
i  oo  feet  over  the  sea.  Great  part  of  Iar- 
Connaught  rises  from  the  shore  of  Gahvay 
Bay,  in  a  gently  sloping  plain,  to  about 
300  feet ;  at  the  upper  edge  of  which  there 
are  some  hills  of  about  700  feet,  and  be- 
yond them  a  low  limestone  country  ex- 
tends to  the  edge  of  Lough  Corrib,  and 
but  little  elevated  above  its  level,  which 
is  only  fourteen  feet  higher  than  the  sea ; 
but  Joyce's  country,  on  the  other  hand, 


is  an  elevated  tract  with  flat-topped  hills 
of  1,300  feet  to  2,000,  interi-persed  with 
deep  and  narrow  vallies." — Id. 

q  Woods See  Boate's  Natural  Hifil 

of  Ireland,  8vo.  London,  1652,  ch.  15, 
which  accounts  for  the  diminution  of  tim- 
ber in  Ireland  by  the  "  incredible  quan- 
tity" consumed  in  the  ironworks  erected 
before  that  time,  and  by  the  exportation 
of  pipe  staves,  in  "whole  ship  Loads."  I 
find  that  on  the  18th  March.  A.  D.  1616, 
King  James  I.  granted  license  to  Richard 
Milton,  "  to  cut  timber  in  Ireland  (except 
such  as  has  been  marked  by  the  K 
officers  for  ship  timber)  fur  pipe-el 
hogshead  staves,  cloppboards,  or  other 
cloven  ware,  and  to  export  the  same  for 
twenty-one  years." — Rot.  Pot.  14  Jac.  I.  3. 
p.  f.  No.  8.  The  same  a  1  to  have 

continued  to  and  after  the  time  of  our  au- 
thor. On  this  subject  the  Irish  have  an 
ancient  saying — 

Ceopa  h-uaipe  oocuip  Pipe, 
Ueopa  monju,  7  ceopa  maola  61. 

Ireland  was  thrice  beneath  the  plough-share. 

Thrice  it  was  wood,  and  thrice  it  was  bare. 

Mr.  Nimmo,  in  his  Report,  says:  "Cona- 
mara is  very  destitute   of  wood,   a  few 


It  is  replenished  with  rivers,  brooks,  lakes'",  and  standing 
waters,  even  on  the  tops  of  the  highest  mountains.  On  the  sea 
side  there  are  many  excellent  large  and  safe  harbours$  for  ships  to 
ride  on  anchor  ;  the  climate1  is  wholesome,  soe  as  divers  attain  to 
the  age  of  ninety  years,  a  hundred  and  upwards.  The  land  produces 
wild  beasts",  as  wolvesv,  deere,  foxes,  badgers,  hedgehogs,  hares,  rab- 
bets, 

scrubby  patches  only  being  thinly  scat- 
tered through  it.  The  country,  however, 
possesses  an  extensive  stool  of  timber,  for 
in  almost  every  dry  knole  or  cliff,  the  oak, 
birch,  and  hazel,  appear  shooting  in  abun- 
dance, and  require  only  a  little  care  to  rise 
into  valuable  forests.  Several  bloomeries, 
which  were  erected  about  a  century  ago, 
consumed  much  of  the  timber,  and  copsing 
was  afterwards  neglected.  The  sheltered 
vales,  navigations,  and  abundant  water- 
power,  would  form  great  advantages  in  the 
cultivation  of  timber." — Report,  p.  188. 

r  Rivers,    brooks,    lakes "  There    are 

about  twenty-five  navigable  lakes  in  the  in- 
terior of  Iar-Connaught,  of  a  mile  or  more 
in  length,  besides  hundreds  smaller ;  the 
sea  coast  and  all  these  lakes  abound  with 
fish.  The  district,  with  its  islands,  pos- 
sesses no  less  than  400  miles  of  sea  shore. 
On  Lough  Corrib  it  has  fifty  miles  of 
shore,  so  that  with  Lough  Mask,  &c,  there 
are,  perhaps,  as  many  miles  of  shore  of  the 
sea,  or  navigable  lakes,  as  there  are-square 
miles  of  surface." — Id.  p.  188. 

s  Harbours — "  There  are  upwards  of 
twenty  safe  and  capacious  harbours,  fit  for 
vessels  of  any  burthen.'''' — Id.  It  is  ques- 
tionable whether  the  same  can  be  said  of 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.    I  5.  I 


any  equal  portion  of  sea  coast  in  any  other 
part  of  the  globe.  The  late  Mr.  Nimmo, 
from  whose  Keport  on  Iar-Connaught  the 
few  foregoing  illustrations  of  so  much  of 
our  author's  text  have  been  taken,  was 
well  acquainted  with  the  natural  advan- 
tages and  capabilities  of  Iar-Connaught. 
That  great  engineer  was  employed  by  Go- 
vernment in  this  district,  and  he  did  more 
towards  the  ultimate  improvement  of  the 
place  than  any  other  man  that  ever  lived. 

1  Climate. — "  The  climate  is  mild,  snow 
being  little  known  during  the  winter ;  the 
mountains  on  the  north,  and  general  va- 
riety of  surface,  afford  considerable  shel- 
ter. The  summers,  however,  are  wet,  and 
it  is  exposed  to  heavy  westerly  winds." — 
Id.  But  even  this  humidity  might  be 
corrected  ;  and  there  can  be  no  doubt, 
that  by  the  common  and  ordinary  processes 
of  reclaiming,  planting,  and  extending  agri- 
culture throughout  this  great  district,  it 
would,  at  no  very  distant  period,  become, 
in  the  language  of  Boate,  "one  of  the  sweet- 
est and  pleasautest  in  the  whole  world,  and 
very  few  countries  could  be  named  that 
might  be  compared  with  it  for  agreeable 
temperateness." — Nat.  Hist.  ch.  xxi.  sec.  vi. 

u  Beasts — Our  author  not  having  given 


io 


bets,  squirrells,  martins,  weesles,  and  the  amphibious  otter,  of  which 
kind  the  white-faced  otterw  is  very  rare.     It  is  never  killed,  the v 
but  with  loss  of  man  or  dog,  and  its  skin  is  mighty  precious.     It  ad- 
mits no  ratsx  to  live  any  where  within  it,  except  the  Isles  of  Aran, 
and  the  district  of  the  west  liberties  of  Galway. 

The 


the  scientific  names  of  the  various  objects 
of  natural  history  which  he  has  mentioned, 
they  will  be  found  inserted  in  the  notes, 
from  the  best  modern  authorities,  together 
with  the  general  or  local  names  in  Irish. 
The  above  mentioned  are,  the  wolf,  canis 
lupus,  mac  cipe ;  deer,  cervus  elephas, 
piaj ;  fox,  vulpes  vulgaris,  pionnac;  bad- 
ger, melestaxus,  bpoc ;  hedgehog,  erinaceus 
Europceus,  jpainneoj  ;  hare,  lepus  varia- 
bilis, jeapppiaij  ;  rabbit,  lepus  cuniculus, 
coinln  ;  squirrel,  sciurus  vulgaris,  lopa  ; 
marten,  martes  abietum,  maopaocpoinn  ; 
weasel,  mustela  erminea,  capoj  ;  otter, 
lutra  vulgaris,  maopao  uipge  ;  rat,  mus 
rattus,  luc  ppctncac. 

v  Wolves. — When  our  author  wrote, 
and  for  some  years  after,  wolves  were  to 
be  found  in  Iar-Connaught,  but  not  in 
such  numbers  as  in  the  early  part  of  that 
century.  The  last  wolf  which  I  have 
been  able  to  trace  here  was  killed  in  the 
mountains  of  Joyce-country,  in  the  year 
1700.  After  the  wars  of  164 1,  the  ra- 
vages of  the  wolves  were  so  great  through- 
out Ireland,  as  to  excite  the  attention 
of  the  State.  "  Wolf  hunters"  were  ap- 
pointed in  various  districts,  and  amongst 
others  in  Iar-Connaught^  who  helped  to 
rid  the  country  of  these  ferocious  animals. 


w  White-faced  otter. — Called  by  the 
Irish  Dobhar-chu.  Martin,  in  his  : 
resting  description  of  the  Western  Islands 
of  Scotland,  London,  1703,  8vo.  p.  159. 
tells  us,  that  in  the  Isle  of  Skie,  "  the 
hunters  say  there  is  a  big  otter  above  the 
ordinary  size,  with  a  white  spot  on  its 
breast,  and  this  they  call  the  king  c  I 
ters ;  it  is  rarely  seen,  and  very  hard  to  be 
killed.  Seamen  ascribe  great  virtue  to 
the  skin,  for  they  say  that  it  is  fortunate 
in  battle,  and  that  victory  is  always  on  its 
side." 

*  It  admits  no  rats This  is  not  the  case 

at  present.  The  Norway  rat  every  where 
prevails,  having  nearly  extirpated  the  little 
black  Irish  rat.  The  latter  was  the  species 
mentioned  by  Cambrensis  in  the  following 
passage  :  "Est  et  aliud  ibi  (i.  e.  in  insula 
Aren  in  occidentali  Connactia?  solo  p. 
notubile  :  quia  cum  per  totam  Hiberniam 
copiose  nimis  mures  abundent,  ha?c  tamen 
insula  mure  caret.  Mus  enim  nee  na 
tur  hie,  nee  vivit  invectus." — Top.  D.  1 . «.-. 
6.  See  the  description  of  these  islands 
further  on  in  this  treatise.  A  similar  story 
was  told  of  the  "  towne  of  Armagh."  See 
Standi urst  in  Holinshed,  vol.  vi.  p.  41. 
Lond.  1808.  In  the  well-known  Book  of 
Lecan,  preserved  in  the  Library  of  the 


1 1 


The  water  streames,  besides  lampreysy,  roches,  and  the  like  of 
no  value,  breed  salmons  (where  is  recourse  to  the  sea),  eels,  and 
divers  sorts  of  trouts.  There  was  never  a  pike  or  bream  as  yet  en- 
gendered in  all  this  countrey,  nor  in  the  adjacent  parts  of  Mayo  or 
Galway  counteys.     The  sea  here  is  plentifully  stored  with  fish2,  as 

cods, 

Royal  Irish  Academy,  Dublin,  the  follow- 
ing curious  passage  occurs  in  prefatory  re- 
marks to  a  treatise  on  the  early  history  of 
Ireland:  "  Sicut  absque  bestia  Paradisus 
erat,  ita  Hibernia  pariter.  Hibernia  nee 
leonem,  nee  draconem,  nee  ranam,  nee 
Afurem  nocentum,  nee  Draconem,  nee  Scor- 
pium,  nee  unum  noxium  animal  nisi  lupum 
alit.  Hibernia  autem  proxima  Britannise 
insula?,  spatio  terrarum  angustior  sed  situ 
fecundior." 

y  Lampreys. — The  scientific  names  of 
the  fishes,  &c.,  mentioned  in  this  and  the 
following  paragraphs  are:  lamprey,  pelro- 
myzon  marinus,  laimppe  ;  roche  (i.  e. 
rud),  leuciscus  erytkropthalmus,  poipceac; 
salmon,  salmo  salar,  bpaodn;  eel,  anguilla 
acutirostris,  apecann;  trout,  salmo  trutta, 
bpeac;  pike, esox fec«<s,  jailliapj;  bream, 
cyprinusbrama,  bpemn ;  cod, gadus  morhua, 
cpopg;  ling,  lota  molva,  lunja;  hawkefish, 

punnac  ppameac;  coale-fish, 

merlangus  carbonarius,  mon^uc  ;  turbot, 
pleuronectes  maximus,  caipbepc ;  plaice, 
platessa  vulgaris,  learoj  jupb,  or  leucoj 
bpeac;  haddock,  gadus  ceglefinus,  cudoj; 
whiting,  merlangus  vulgaris,  monjac  ; 
gurnard,  trigla  gurnardus,  cnuoun  ;  mac- 
kerel, scomber,  punnac  ;  herring,  clupea 
harengus,  p5abdn  ;    pilchard,  clupea  pil- 


chardus,  pilpeip ;  oyster,  ostrea  edidis, 
oppib ;  scallop,  pecten  maximus,  plio^dn 
mapa ;  cockle,  cardium  edule,  pucan ; 
muscle,  mytilus  edulis,  ouilfcin;  razure, 
solen  siliqua,  pjian  mapa  ;  lobster,  homa- 
rus  vulgaris,  jliomac;  crab,  cancer  pagu- 
rus,  papedn  ;  shrimp,  palatmon  serratus, 
pibepobep;  whale,  balcena  mysticetus,  miol 

mo]i ;  grampus,  phocozna  orca, ; 

porpoise,  phoco?na  communis,  mucmapu  ; 
thunny,  thynnus  vulgaris,  cuinnfn;  eagle, 
aquila  chrysaetos  ?  piolap ;  ganet,  sula  bas- 

sana, ;  soland  goose,  sula  bas- 

sana? ;  puffin,  alea  torda,  cpup- 

pun  ;  barnacle,  anser  brenta,  caoan  ; 
wild  goose,  anser  fer us,  jeao  piaodin  ; 
swan,  cygnus  ferus,  eala  ;  cock  of  the 
wood,  tetrao  urogallus  ?  coileuc-collle  ; 
woodcock,  scolopax  ruslicola,  coileac  pea- 
6a;  chough, fregilusgraculus,  cuoog;  rook, 
corvus  frugilegus,  cnairhpiac  ;  cormorant, 
pelecanus  carbo,  bpoijeal.  The  bird 
which  never  flies  but  over  the  sea  is  locally 
called  mapnn,  and  is  probably  the  guille- 
mot, uria  troile.  Ambergris  will  be  found 
noticed  in  a  future  page. 

z  Fish. — See  the  last  parliamentary  Re- 
port on  the  Fisheries  of  Ireland ;  an  impor- 
tant document,  which  enters  minutely  into 
most  of  the  particulars  relating  to  this  great 
*C2 


12 


cods,  lings,  hawkfish,  coalefish,  turbets,  plaises,  hadogs,  whitings,  gur- 
nards, macrells,  herrings,  pilchards,  &c. ;  and  no  less  liberall  of  shell 
fish,  as  oysters,  scollops,  cokles,  muscles,  razures,  together  with  lob- 
sters, crabs,  shromps,  &c. 

It  now  and  then  casts  ashore  great  whales1,  gramps,  porcu- 
pisses,  thunies.  Both  sea  and  land  have  their  severall  kinds  of  birds. 
Here  is  a  kind  of  black  eagleb,  which  kills  the  deere  by  grappling  him 
with  his  claw,  and  forcing  him  to  run  headlong  into  precipices. 

Here  the  ganet  soares  high  into   the  sky  to  espy  his  prey  in 
the  sea  under  him,  at  which  he  casts  himself  headlong  into  the 
and  swallows  up  whole  herrings  in  a  morsell.    This  bird  flya  through 
the  ship's  sailes,  piercing  them  with  his  beak. 

Here   is  the  bird  engendered  by  the   sea  out  of  timber  1 
lying  in  sea.    Some  call  them  clakes0  and  soland-geese,  some  puffins, 

Ot! 


but  neglected  source  of  national  wealth. 

a  Whales. — an  interesting  extract  from 
a  communication  made  by  Lieutenant 
Boroughs,  commander  of  the  coast  guard 
in  the  West  of  Ireland,  taken  from  the  va- 
luable Fishery  Eeport  alluded  to  in  the 
last  note,  will  be  found  in  the  Additional 
Notes,  p.  183. 

" Black  eagle. — "The  black  eagle  fixes 
his  talons  between  the  deer's  horns,  and 
beats  its  wings  constantly  about  its  eyes, 
which  puts  the  deer  to  run  continually, 
till  it  falls  into  a  ditch,  or  over  a  preci- 
pice, where  it  dies,  and  so  becomes  a  prey 
to  this  cunning  hunter.  There  are  at  the 
same  time  several  other  eagles  of  this  kind, 
which  flye  on  both  sides  of  the  deer,  which 
frights  it  extremely,  and  contributes  much 
to  its  more  sudden  destruction." — Mar- 


tin's Western  Islands,  Ide  of  Ling 

c  Clakes "Clack    gooses"    (Phil! 

barnacles,  or  soland  geese,  Iri^h,  Caoan 
(^ipplnna,  the  local  name.    "  Thi 
the  deck  goose;  tin-  shells  in  which  this 
fowl  is  said  to  be  produced  are  found  in 
i ;  1 1  isles  sticking  to  trei  -  by  the  bill; 
of  this  kind  I  have  seen  many,  the  fowl 
was  covered  by  a  shell,  and  the  head  stuck 
to  tin'  tree  by  the  bill, but  never  san 
of  them  with  life  in  them  upon  the  tree 
but  the  natives  told  me  that  they  had  ob- 
served 'em  to  move  with  the  heat  of  the 
sun." — Martin,  Isle  of  Orkney,  p.  :  .--.   S 
also  "H  this  point  of  nattiral  history,  Cam- 
brensis  in  Top.  Hibernia\  "sunt  et 
hie  multse,  qme  bernacae,"  Sue  Also  Stani- 
hurst's  Description  of  Ireland  in  Holin- 
shed,  vol.  vi.  p.  18.  Ed.  uts  i  1  his 


x3 


others  bernacles,  because  they  resemble  them.  We  call  them  girrinn. 
I  omit  other  ordinary  fowl  and  birds,  as  bernacles,  wild  geese,  swans, 
cocks  of  the  wood,  and  woodcocks,  choughs,  rooks,  Cornish  choughs 
with  red  legs  and  bills,  &c. 

Here  is  fowle  that  custom  allowed  to  eat  on  fasting  daysd,  as 
cormorant  feeding  only  on  fish ;  as  alsoe  birds  found  in  the  high 
cliffts  and  rocks  of  Aran,  which  never  fly  but  over  the  sea,  which, 
with  all  other  numerous  sea  birds,  yield  a  great  store  of  feathers. 

Besides  all  these,  the  mountains  here  have  store  of  Iron  mines6, 
the  boggs  give  turf  sufficiently  for  fuell,  and  along  with  the  turf,  great 
trees  of  oak  and  firr  many  times  are  digged,  which  lay  for  ages  under- 
ground. 


treatise,  "De  Rebus  in  Hibernia  gestis," 
Antwerp,  1584,  Appendix,  p.  230.  After 
perusing,  if  possible,  those  profound  discus- 
sions,adding, moreover, Gerard;  Gratianus 
Lucius,  p.  342 ;  Ware's  Ant.  c.  xiv.,  and 
Harris's  Ed.  c.  xxxiv.,  the  reader  may, 
perhaps,  be  inclined  to  exclaim,  with  the 
learned  Stanihurst,  "  thus  farre  of  bar- 
nacles." 

d  Fasting  days. — See  Ledwich's  "An- 
tiquities,'' p.  369,  for  characteristic  ob- 
servations on  this  subject,  as  connected 
with  barnacles,  quoted  by  the  learned  doc- 
tor from  another  learned  doctor,  Rutty, 
"the  honest  Quaker,"  as  the  "antiquary" 
so  complacently  called  the  "naturalist." 
But  such  observations  were  usual  during 
the  memorable  eighteenth  century,  among 
a  certain  class  of  writers ;  one  of  whom,  Sir 
Richard  Cox,  thus  triumphs,  in  another 
strain.  "Their,"  i.e.  the  Irish,  "youth  and 
gentry  (are)  destroyed  in  the  rebellion  or 
gone  to  France.  Those  that  are  left  are  des- 


titude  of  horses,  arms,  and  money,  capacity, 
and  courage.  Five  in  six  of  the  Irish  are 
poor,  insignificant  slaves,  fit  for  nothing 
but  to  hew  wood  and  draw  water." — Ex- 
tract from  his  Orig.  Letter,  z^th  Oct.  1 705 ; 
for  which  see  Thorpe's  curious  catalogue 
of  the  Southwell  Papers,  Lond.  1 834,  p.  94. 
e  Iron  mines. — These  mines  are  rich, 
but  have  never  been  adequately  worked, 
for  want  of  capital.  The  same  observation 
may  be  extended  to  the  valuable  marble 
quarries  in  this  district.  Our  author,  in 
his  above  general  description,  not  having 
noticed  any  of  the  substances,  except  iron 
ore,  of  which  the  mountains  of  Iar-Con- 
naught  are  composed ;  the  reader  will  find 
noticed  in  the  Additional  Notes,  p.  185, 
the  Report  of  the  late  eminent  geologist, 
Sir  Charles  Giesecke,  made  in  A.D.  1825, 
to  the  Royal  Dublin  Society,  on  the  geo- 
logical structure  of  this  region.  See  also, 
on  this  neglected  subject,  Mr.  Nimmo's 
Report,  before  referred  to,  p.  5  (note  '). 


14 


ground.  Here  are  rivers  which  breed  pearles,  and  the  sea  shoars 
have  ambergreese  often  cast  into  them. 

Lastly,  here  are  several  miraculous  wells  and  holy  placesf,  de- 
dicated in  memory  of  saints ;  among  which  I  find,  in  severall  places, 
the  memory  of  the  seven  daughters ;  some  call  them  by  tradition  the 
daughters  of  a  Brittish  King,  others  of  a  King  of  Leinster. 

Here  are  alsoe,  besides  parish  churches2  dispersed  every  where 

in 

his  time  ;  but  that  opinion  now  appears 
to  have  been  hastily  formed  from  imper- 
fect data,  and  cannot  be  relied  upon.  From 
our  author  we  learn,  that  in  the  secluded 
district  of  West  Connaught  alone,  parish 
churches  and  chapels  were  di  - 
where,"  "even  in  waste  islands,"  th 
in  islands  waste  in  his  time;  and  it  has 
been  pertinently  asked,  what  should  men 
have  built  these  edifices  for,  if  there  had 
not  been  people  to  fill  them?    It  lias  been 
calculated  from  Archdall.  that  in  the 
teenth  century  there  were  742  religious 
houses  in  Ireland;  but  it  is  well  km 
that  among  the  other  errors  of  that  writer 
— and  it  would  require  a  book  nearlv  a? 
large  as  his  own  to  correct  those  errors — 
he  Avas  much  under  the  real  numb  1 
those  religious  foundations.  Besides  1 1 
there  were  the  cathedrals,  parish  churches, 
and  chapels  mentioned  by  Lombard.     S 
also   Colgan  and  De   Burgo.     Alth 
the  primitive  Irish  churches  were  l 
large  as  those  of  succeeding  time-, 
were  sufficiently  ample  and  numero 
indicate  a  far  greater  population  than  that 
estimated  by  Sir  "William  Petty  as  t 
ing  in  the  twelfth  century.     Many  other 


f  Holy  "places. — Many  of  these  will  be 
found  noticed  in  the  sequel. 

g  Churches — chappells.  —  Doctor  Lom- 
bard, in  his  treatise,  "  De  regno  Hibernian," 
thus  describes  those  ecclesiastical  ruins. 
' '  In  primis  igitur,  praster  ruinas  manifestas 
tot  monasteriorum  et  templorum,  in  qui- 
bus  aliquando  in  spiritu  et  veritate  adora- 
batur  Deus ;  Qua;  longe  lateque  patet  hsc 
regio,  in  montibus  et  vallibus,  in  sylvis 
et  solitudinibus,  in  insulis  et  lacubus, 
cernere  est  adhuc  vestigia  et  monumenta 
sacellorum  et  cellarum,  specuuni  et  aUo- 
rum  locorum,  ubi  olim  sancti  consueverant 
commorari,  orare,  contemplari,  concentus 
facere,  poenitentias  agere." — Cap.  xx.  p. 
275.  The  multitude  of  religious  edifices 
spread  over  Ireland,  as  their  ruins  testify, 
would  be  sufficient  to  induce  one  to  con- 
clude, that  the  population  of  this  island 
was  greater,  during  its  early  ages  of  Chris- 
tianity, than  is  now  generally  supposed. 
See  Gratianus  Lucius,  p.  138,  "NecScio," 
&c.  Sir  William  Petty's  computation  or 
opinion  that  its  population,  at  the  arri- 
val of  the  English  in  the  twelfth  century, 
was  only  300,000  (see  his  Political  Arith- 
metic, p.  3 1 7),  has  been  acquiesced  in  since 


JS 


in  the  country,  as  alsoe  in  wast  islands,  diverse  litle  chappells  of  lime 
and  stone  ;  the  remaining  monuments  of  the  multitude  of  saints  an- 
tiently  in  Ireland  in  St.  Patrick's  days  and  long  after,  whereof  Joceli- 
nus  (Cap.  174,  Vitce  S.  Patricii):  "Nulla  eremus,  nullus  pene  terras 
angulus,  aut  locus  in  insula  tam  remotus,  qui  perfectis  monachis  aut 
monialibus  non  repleretur,  ita  ut  Hibernia  speciali  nomine,  Insula 
Sanctorum,  ubique  terrarum  nominaretur." 

Theh  greatest  number  of  cattle  in  this  countrey  is  of  cows', 
the  soil  being  for  the  most  part  good  only  for  pasture  and  grasing, 
and  very  fertile  of  all  kinde  of  herbs.  The  chiefest  product  therefore, 
and  greatest  commodity  is  beefe,  butter,  tallow,  hides,  and  of  late 
cheese  out  of  the  Isles  of  Aran  ;  yet  it  yields  as  much  corn,  of  wheat, 
barly,  oats,  and  ry,  as  is  enough  to  sustaine  the  inhabitants^  and  fur- 
nishes the  market  besides. 

The 


facts  might  be  adduced  to  the  same  effect, 
but  here  they  would  be  quite  irrelevant. 
The  subject  is  merely  noticed  with  a  hope 
that  some  of  our  learned  associates  may  be 
induced  to  investigate  it  fully. 

h  The — This  paragraph  seems  out  of 
place  here.  It  would  be  more  in  order 
immediately  before  the  three  paragraphs 
which  precede  it. 

1  Cows. — Cows  and  small  sized  ponies 
form  the  staple  stock  of  Conamara,  but 
sheep  are  now  become  numerous.  To  this 
day,  cows  and  sheep  compose  the  best  part 
of  the  marriage  portion  of  most  females 
here.  O'Halloran,  in  his  History  of  Ire- 
land, vol.  ii.  p.  146,  calls  this  portion  "callp 
an  spre,  or  the  marriage  cattle."  On  15  th 
November,  1648,  Silye  O'Flaherty,  alias 
Burke,  wife  of  Colonel  Moragh  na  doe  (na 


d-tuagh)  O'Flaherty  bequeathed  by  her 
last  will  as  follows :  "  to  my  daughter  Mar- 
garet, forty  cows  of  English  and  Irish  breed, 
and  four  skore  sheep  ;  to  my  second 
daughter,  Onora,  twentie  cows  and  forty 
sheep  ;  to  my  third  daughter,  Bridget, 
twentie  cows  and  forty  sheep  ;  and  to  my 
fourth  daughter,  Mary,  twenty  cows  and 
forty  sheep." — Orig.  in  the  Registry  of 
Tuam.  The  "Conamara  ponies"  are  much 
in  request;  they  were  a  useful  and  hardy 
breed,  admirably  adapted  to  the  mountain 
districts  ;  but  it  is  said  that  they  are 
now  deteriorated,  in  consequence  of  the 
introduction  of  English  sires,  by  the  late 
Eichard  Martin. 

J  Enough  to  sustaine  the  inhabitants 

From  this  account  it  appears,  that  the 
people  of  Iar-  Connaught  were  much  bet- 


i6 


The  inhabitants  are  so  observant  of  law,  that  now  for  above 
thirty  years  of  peace,  there  was  not  one  body  executed  out  of  the 
whole  territories  for  any  transgression  ;  and  scarce  any  brought  to 
the  bar  for  misdemeanour14.     They  dwell  for  the  most  part  next  the 

borders 


ter  off  towards  the  close  of  the  seventeenth 
century,  than  they  were  at  the  beginning 
of  it;  for  our  author's  friend,  Gratianus 
Lucius,  in  Vita  Kirovani,  relates  that  about 
A.D.  1620,  "Quamvisillaeregionesannona? 
difficultate  semper  elaboraverint,  et  raris 
humilibusque  tuguriolis  se  invicem  longo 
intervallo  dissitis  habitarentur  et  saxe- 
tis  glabrae;  uliginibus  sic  humectates  fue- 
rint,  vt  humus  aratro  findi  non  potuerit, 
licet  tumulos  aliquot  solidiores  ad  parum 
avense,  vel  hordei  ferendum,  incolae  sarculo 
subinde  sciderint;  qua?  agricultura  ne  suf- 
ficientem  quidem  panis  (quem  pro  maiori 
anni  parte  non  viderunt)  copiam  ipsis  sup- 
peditabat." — p.  17.  From  the  productions 
above  enumerated,  as  articles  of  food,  po- 
tatoes do  not  appear  to  have  been  known 
here  in  the  time  of  our  author. 

k  Misdemeanour. — This  was  not  the  cha- 
racter of  the  "  inhabitants"  of  West  Con- 
naught  in  more  ancient  times,  when  the 
very  names  of  the  O'Flaherties,  the  Clan 
Donoughs,  and  the  gigantic  Joyces,  used 
to  strike  such  terror  into  the  hearts  of  the 
good  people  of  Galway,  that  they  had  in- 
scribed over  the  western  gate  of  that  town, 
"  From  the  ferocious  O'Flaherties,  good 
Lord  deliver  us."  It  is  curious  to  observe 
how  naturally  the  old  Galweygians,  who 
were  mostly  of  English  origin,  afterwards 


coalesced  with  the  Joyces,  who  were  of 
Welsh  descent,  and  even  admitted  thi 
all  the  priviliges  of  citizens ;  but  the  "  mere 
Irish"  the  O'Flaherties,  &c.  they  always 
treated  as  aliens  and  enemies.     Thus  in 
A.  D.  1484,  they  represented  the  latter  to 
Pope  Innocent  VIII.  as  ''mountainous and 
wild  people"  (montani  et  sylvestres  ho- 
mines), by  whom  "  they  were  sometimes 
robbed  and  killed"    (nonnunquam  bonis 
- 1 11 1!  iabantur  et  interficiebantur).    See  that 
Pope's  Bull,  A.D.  1484,  in  Dutl 
tistical  Survey  of  the  County  of  Galwav, 
Appendix,    26.      In   the    17th    century, 
these  mere  Irish  were  at  length  subdued, 
and  their  forfeited  inheritances,  560.000 
acres,   were  granted,   for  the  n: 
to  the  "English"  merchants  of  Galwav. 
the   Brownes,   Blakes,    Dai 
Lynches,  Fren*  bi  -   &i  .,  -  en- 

dants  these  inheritances  are  held  to  this 
day.  But  the  descendants  of  the  old  in- 
heritors were  reduced  to  a  state  of  poverty, 
in  which  most  of  them  still  continue.  Our 
author,  however,  bears  testimony,  that  in 
his  time  they  were"  observant  of  law,"  and 
the  observation  may  be  extended  even  to 
the  present  time,  although  the  county  gaol 
is  some  fifty  miles  distant  from  the  extre- 
mities of  the  district.  It  is  a  well  known 
fact,   that  a  late  respectable  and  popular 


*7 


borders  of  the  countrey  where  commonly  is  the  best  land  ;  and  in 
Summer  time  they  drive  their  cattle  to  the  mountaines1,  where  such 
as  looke  to  the  cattle  live  in  small  cabbins  for  that  season. 

Thus  far  of  the  countrey  in  generall ;  whence  I  will  descend  to 
particulars,  and  first  of  all  describe  the  borders. 

Lough  Measgm  lake,  besides  the  arms  stretched  out  of  it,  is 
six  miles  long  from  Partry"  in  the  county  of  Mayo  and  barony  of 
Keara,  to  Balyndeonagh  in  the  west,  and  four  miles  broad  from  Par- 
try  mountain  in  Keara,  to  Lough  Measg  Castle0  in  the  barony  of  Kil- 

mayn  ; 


magistrate  of  Iar-Connaught,  when  obliged 
to  commit  offenders  to  prison,  usually  ac- 
companied his  mittimus  with  a  hint  to  give 
the  "poor  fellows"  an  opportunity  of  es- 
caping by  the  way  ;  so  that  in  his  time  it 
might  be  truly  said,  "  scarcely  any  one  was 
brought  to  the  bar  for  misdemeanor." 

1  Cattle  to  the  mountaines See  note  at  p. 

42,  Statute  of  Kilkenny,  Volume  of  Tracts 
published  by  the  Archaeological  Society, 
Dublin,  A.  D.  1843. 

m  Lough  Measg Now    always   called 

Lough  Mask.  It  is  popularly  said  to  have 
been  so  named,  because  its  waters  flow 
into,  meascadh,  mix  or  mingle,  with  those 
of  the  neighbouring  lakes,  Carra  and  Cor- 
rib.  Our  author  has  not  given  the  de- 
rivation of  the  name  of  Lough  Measg.  He 
does  not  appear  to  have  indulged  to  any 
great  extent  in  tracing  the  derivation  of 
these  names,  which,  considering  the  pue- 
rility and  error  displayed  by  Irish  antiqua- 
ries in  that  way  since  his  time,  is  to  be  re- 
gretted, from  his  profound  knowledge  of 
our  history,  language,  and  antiquities.  This 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   I  5.  D 


fine  lake  lies  almost  wholly  in  the  ancient 
territory  of  Partry,  now  comprehended 
within  the  barony  of  Kilmain,  Co.  Mayo  ; 
but  two  arms  from  it  stretch  into  the  ba- 
rony of  Eoss,  Co.  Galway.  It  is  noticed 
at  an  early  period  of  Irish  history.  See 
the  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters,  A.  M. 
2533,  for  its  origin,  which  is  above  alluded 
to  by  the  phrase  "  broken  up  ;"  or,  as  bet- 
ter expressed  elsewhere  by  our  author, 
"  Loch  Measg  e  terrse  visceribus  eructa- 
vitr—Ogyg.  p.  167. 

n  Party. — papepaije,  latinized  Par- 
trigia.  Mac  Firbis,  in  his  book  of  Hy- 
Fiachrach,  states  that  there  were  several 
districts  of  this  name.  See  our  author's 
Ogyg.  pp.  1 74-5,  for  these,  and  their  an- 
cient possessors.  Also,  Harris's  Ware,  ii. 
p.  53.  The  Partry  above  alluded  to  was 
Partry  of  Carra,  which  Mac  Firbis  has  de- 
scribed in  the  book  already  referred  to. 

0  Lough  Measg  Castle This  castle,  si- 
tuate on  the  townland  of  Ballyloughmask, 
on  the  eastern  margin  of  the  lake,  was  one 
of  those  fortresses  built  by  the  "  English 


i8 

mayn ;  having  on  the  north  a  piece  of  the  half  barony  of  Ross  and 
Partry  mountain  ;  on  the  east  Partry,  by  which  the  lake  hath  con- 
veyance to  Lough  Keara  lake  ;  on  the  south,  Kilmayn  barony  (as 
being  part  of  the  county  of  Mayo— in  margine),  where  I  omit  Hag- 
Castle",  an  impregnable  castle  on  the  lake,  Lough  Measg  Castle,  Cong 
Abbey,  dedicated  to  St.  Fechin,  and  the  field  of  Moytury,  where  the 
Danann  nation,  from  the  north  of  Great  Brittain,  invading  Ireland,  m 
a  memorable  battle  overthrew  the  Belgians'1,  who  then  swayed  Ire- 
land, and  slew  their  king  Achay,  last  Belgian  king  of  Ireland  ;  325 
years  after  the  general  floud  this  lake  is  said  to  have  broke  up. 

The  salmon  hath  no  access  thereunto,   because  under  ground 
onlyr  it  hath  recourse  to  Lough  Orbsen  ;  but  it  breeds  eels  and  seve- 
ral! 


barons"  about  A.  D.  1238.  It  was  burned 
in  A.  D.  1 41 3  by  0"Conor  ;  and  here  Mac 
Feorais  Birmingham  was  imprisoned  in 
A.  D.  141 6,  by  Edmund  Burke. — Four 
Musters.  In  1584,  this  castle  was  confinm  <1 
to  Sir  Eichard  Bourke,  Mac  William  Eigh- 
ter.    See  Appendix  I.    It  is  now  in  ruins. 

p  Hag-Castle In  Irish,  Caislen  na  Cail- 

lighe.  This  castle,  built  before  the  Eng- 
lish entered  Connaught,  on  a  small  island 
towards  the  eastern  border  of  Lough  Mask, 
was  for  a  long  time  after  deemed  "  impreg- 
nable." See  the  note  at  the  word  omsna, 
p.  135,  of  Mr.  Petrie's  valuable  Essay  on 
the  History  and  Antiquities  of  Tara  Hill, 
Trans.  Eoyal  Irish  Academy,  vol.  xviii. 
part  ii. 

1  Belgians See  our  author's  Ogygia, 

p.  174  ;  also  Mac  Firbis's  History  of  the 
Firbolgs,  for  an  interesting  account  of 
these  ancient  colonists  of  Ireland;  their 


several  defeats  at  southern  Mi  y  tury.  above 
alluded  to,  and  at  Traigh  Eothuile  and 
northern  Moytury,  in  the  present  county 
of  Sligo.  This  curious  treatise  of  Mac  Fir- 
bis,  which  yet  remains  in  MS.,  has  been 
overlooked  by  modern  on  Irish 

history,  or  perhaps  it  was  altogether  un- 
known to  them.  It-  value,  however,  was 
duly  appreciated  by  the  venerable  Charles 
O'Conor,  whose  curious  extracts  from  it, 
concerning  the  inhabitants  of  Ireland, 
about  the  commencement  of  the  Christian 
era,  may  be  seen  in  Yalkneey's  Collec- 
tanea. 

f  Underground  only. — Lough  Mask  has 
no  visibleoutlet  tor  its  waters.  It  commuui- 
cates  with  Lough  Corrib  by  subterraneous 
channels,  which  appear  in  several  large  ca- 
verns near  Cong.  It  has  been  observed,  that 
but  for  the barrierof granite  whiehexte-nds 
from  Lough  Mask  to  Lough  Corrib.  the 


l9 

rail  kinds  of  good  trouts,  specially  that  which  they  call  the  lough 
trout,  which  hath  very  fair  red  and  azure  spots  ;  it  is  as  big  as  any 
salmon,  and  far  more  dainty.  There  are  alsoe  medicinall  leechess  on 
the  south  side  of  the  lake.  Here  is  one  rarity  more,  which  we  may 
terme  the  Irish  crocodir,  whereof  one  as  yet  living,  about  ten  years 
ago,  had  sad  experience.  The  man  was  passing  the  shore  just  by  the 
waterside,  and  spyed  far  off  the  head  of  a  beast  swimming,  which  he 
tooke  to  have  been  an  otter,  and  tooke  no  more  notice  of  it ;  but  the 
beast  it  seems  there  lifted  up  his  head,  to  discern  whereabouts  the 
man  was  ;  then  diving,  sworn  under  water  till  he  struck  ground  ; 
whereupon  he  runned  out  of  the  water  suddenly,  and  tooke  the  man 
by  the  elbow,  whereby  the  man  stooped  down,  and  the  beast  fastened 

his 


waters  of  both  lakes  had  long  since,  like 
kindred  drops,  been  mingled  into  one.  If 
these  two  lakes  were  connected  by  means 
of  a  canal,  it  would  tend  considerably  to 
the  improvement  of  the  west  of  Ireland. 
"  To  open  a  communication  between  Kil- 
lala  and  Galway,  by  means  of  the  Moy, 
Lough  Mask,  and  Lough  Corrib,  was  one 
of  the  practicable  projects  of  those  who  were 
employed  to  survey  the  navigable  rivers 
of  Ireland  in  the  early  part  of  the  eigh- 
teenth century,  and,  if  carried  into  effect 
would  have  proved  a  most  important  ad- 
dition to  the  internal  navigation  of  this 
country.'' — Hist.  Galway,  p.  4. 

s  Medicinall  leeches Ir.  Dallog.     The 

leeches  found  here  are  stated  to  be  of  a 
good  kind,  but  whether  they  are  used  or 
approved  of  by  medical  men,  for  topical 
bleeding,  I  have  not  ascertained.  The 
country  people  in  the  neighbourhood  use 


them  with  good  effect. 

c  Crocodil. — This  was  rather  a  for- 
midable class  of  animals,  wherewith  to 
rank  a  beast  "  of  the  pitch  of  an  ordinary 
greyhound."  But  the  story  seems  to  have 
been  introduced  by  our  author,  to  enliven 
his  subject,  as  painters  introduce  a  tree 
or  a  ruin  to  give  variety  or  effect  to  a 
barren  landscape.  That  animals,  such  as 
that  above  described,  or  somewhat  similar, 
inhabit  the  lakes  of  Ireland,  is  believed  by 
the  people  in  their  vicinity.  All  have 
heard  of  them,  and  believe  in  their  ex- 
istence, but  none  can  be  found  who  have 
ever  seen  them.  In  these  western  parts, 
this  animal  is  generally  called  Each  Uisge, 
which  means  a  water  horse,  and  he  is  de- 
scribed as  having  "  a  black  shining  skin," 
and  a  switch  tail  "  without  hair.''  The 
story  related  by  our  author  is  yet  told  in 
the  neighbourhood  of  Lough  Mask. 


D2 


20 


his  teeth  in  his  pate,  and  dragged  him  into  the  water ;  where  the  man 
tooke  hold  on  a  stone  by  chance  in  his  way,  and  calling  to  minde  he 
had  a  knife  in  his  pocket,  tooke  it  out  and  gave  a  thrust  of  it  to  the 
beast,  which  thereupon  got  away  from  him  into  the  lake.  The  water 
about  him  was  all  bloody,  whether  from  the  beast's  bloud,  or  his  own, 
or  from  both,  he  knows  not.  It  was  of  the  pitch  of  an  ordinary  grey- 
hound, of  a  black  slimy  skin,  without  hair,  as  he  immagined.  Old 
men  acquainted  with  the  lake  do  tell  there  is  such  a  bea>t  in  it,  and 
that  a  stout  fellow  with  a  wolf  dog  along  with  him  met  the  like  there 
once  ;  which  after  a  long  strugling  went  away  in  spite  of  the  man  and 
dog,  and  was  a  long  time  after  found  rotten  in  a  rocky  cave  of  the 
lake,  as  the  water  decreased.  The  like,  they  say,  ie  seen  in  other 
lakes  of  Ireland  ;  they  call  it  Dovarchu,  i.  e.  a  water  dog,  or  Anchu, 
which  is  the  same. 

Lough  Orbsen11,  so  called  from  Orbsen  Mac  Allod,  one  of  the 

Dannann 


"Lovgh  Orbsen.— Lough  Oirb,  or,  as  now 
always  corruptly  called  Lough  Corrib.  For 
the  derivation  of  the  name  from  the  mer- 
chant Orbsen,  commonly  called  Manannan, 
and  surnamed  Mac  Lir,  i.  e.  the  son  of 
the  sea,  see  our  author's  Ogygia,  p.  180. 
This  Manannan  was  one  of  those  Cartha- 
ginian merchants  who  are  said  to  have 
visited  this  part  of  the  world  at  an  early 
period,  and  he  is  stated  to  have  made  the 
Isle  of  Man  his  principal  residence  and  de- 
posit. Our  learned  countryman,  Cormac 
Mac  Cuilenaiu  (whom  Caradoc  of  Lhan- 
carvan,  at  A.  D.  905,  Evans's  Ed.  Lond. 
1774,  p.  44,  calls,  "  Carmot,  king  and  bi- 
shop of  Ireland"),  notices  Manannan,  in  his 
Glossary,  as  follows  :  "  fflananoan  mac 
lip  .1.  Cenoaioe  arhpa  boi  1  n-inip  TTlu- 


nano.  ba  he  luamuipe  ip  oec  boi  1  n-iap- 
cap  oomain,  po  phinoao  cpia  neihznacc 
in  oipeo  nobeir  in  rpointno  atop  in  001- 
neno  acap  in  can  nop  elueclobub  cec  cap 
oe  ap  pe,  Lade  >eotici  Britonesque  eum 
Deum  vocaverunt  maris,  eumque  filium 
maris  esse  dixerunt  .1.  Mac  lip  de  nomine 
niunanoain  insola  Manandan  dicta 
Thus  translated  :  •'Manannan  Mac  Lir.  a 
famous  merchant  who  dwelt  in  the  Lie  of 
Man.     He  was  th  -•   navigator  of 

this  western  part  of  the  world,  and  used 
to  presage  good  or  bad  weather  from  his 
observations  of  the  heavens,  and  from  the 
changes  of  the  moon,  wherefore  th  S 
i.  e.  the  Irish,  and  the  Brit'  -  _  him 
the  title  of  '  God  of  the  sea.'  They  also 
called  him  Mac  Lir,  that  is,  tht  • 


21 


Dannann  nation,  a  very  spacious  and  large  lake,  hath  its  source  at 
Bonbanann,  in  the  halfe  barony  of  Rosse,  and  thence  extends  eight 
miles  eastward  to  the  river  of  Cong,  having  the  half  barony  of  Rosse 
partly  on  each  side,  partly  dividing  Rosse  from  Moycullin  barony, 
and  partly  having  Ross  on  the  north  side  ;  it  extends  southward 
twelve  miles  in  length,  till  it  discharges  itself  into  the  river  of  Gal- 
way,  having  the  baronys  of  Kilmayn  and  Clare  on  the  east,  and  the 
barony  of  Moycullin  on  the  west ;  somewhere  four  miles  in  breadth, 
and  somewhere  less  than  a  quarter  of  a  milev. 

It  is  said  to  have  as  many  islands  as  are  days  in  the  yearw, 
all  of  them  belonging  to  the  westx,  as  far  as  where  a  boat  can  pass  be- 
tween 


sea  ;  and  from  him  the  Isle  of  Man  had 
its  name." 

William  Sacheverell,  Esq.,  "late  gover- 
nour  of  Man,"  in  his  "Short  Survey"  of 
that  isle,  8vo.  London,  1 702,  p.  20,  states, 
that  the  "  the  Mank's  Nation  believe  Man- 
nan-Mac-Lir,  the  father,  founder,  and  le- 
gislator of  their  country,  and  place  him 
about  the  beginning  of  the  fifth  century  !". 

v  Mile. — Our  author  here,  as  in  the 
whole  of  this  treatise,  uses  the  great  Con- 
naught  miles,  one  of  which  contained,  at 
least,  two  modern  British  miles.  This  long 
measure  was  probably  adopted  in  this  pro- 
vince from  the  Spaniards,  between  whom 
and  the  western  part  of  Ireland,  there  for- 
merly subsisted  much  commercial  inter- 
course. 

w  Days  in  the  year It  is  curious  to  ob- 
serve that  our  author,  though  so  exact  in 
every  other  respect,  has,  in  the  present  in- 
stance, adopted  this  popular  belief.  Mons. 
Latocnaye,  the  lively  French  traveller  be- 


fore referred  to,  passing  through  this  dis- 
trict, observed:  "The  prospect  of  Lough- 
Corrib  is  very  fine;  it  is  covered  with 
islands,  the  majority  of  which  are  culti- 
vated. If  you  ask  the  number  of  these 
islands  you  will  be  told  three  hundred  and 
sixty-five,  one  for  every  day  in  the  year. 
I  saw  three  lakes  in  Ireland,  where  there 
was  the  same  number,  or  rather  to  avoid 
the  trouble  of  counting  them,  the  peasants 
mention  this  number  in  preference  to  any 
other." — Vol.  ii.  p.  25.  In  like  manner 
they  tell  that  there  are  three  hundred  and 
sixty-five  islands  in  Clew  Bay  (anciently 
Cuan  Modh),  in  the  Co.  Mayo. 

x   West It  is  probable,  that  when  the 

O'Flaherties  were  obliged  to  emigrate  from 
their  ancient  territory  of  Magh  Seola  (the 
present  barony  of  Clare)  to  Iar-Connaught, 
as  will  appear  in  the  sequel,  they  claimed 
or  retained  the  islands  of  Lough  Corrib. 
Some  of  those  islands,  however,  now  be- 
long to  the  barony  of  Clare. 


22 


tween  them,  and  the  east  side.  Of  these,  Insequiny  and  Insimictrir 
contain  a  quarter  of  land  each  ;  some  half  a  quarter,  some  a  cartron, 
some  an  acre,  and  most  of  them  but  few  acres.  On  that  island  of 
Insequin  St.  Brendan  (ejus  Vit.  16  May,  cap.  59)  built  a  chappell 
and  worked  divers  miracles2.  In  the  same  island  St.  Meldan*,  whose 
festivall  day  is  on  the  7th  of  February,  was  abbot  of  a  fameous  abby 
about  the  year  580.  He  was  spiritual  father  to  [the]  great  St.  Furseb 
of  Perone  in  France  ;  who  carried  the  relicques  of  this  saint  along 
with  him,  and  inshrined  them  at  Perone. 

The  isles  of  Lough  Orbsen  were  pillaged,  Anno  927,  by  the 
Danes0  of  Limerick. 

Echinis, 


y  Insequin. — Now  called  Inis  ui  chuinn. 
This  is  one  of  the  most  remarkable  of  the 
Lough  Corrib  islands.  It  was  anciently 
so  celebrated  that  the  entire  lake  was 
sometimes  called  Inre  ui  Chuinn  from  it. 

'L  Miracles. — See  Colgan,  in  vita  S. 
Moeni.  That  saint  accompanied  St.  Bren- 
dan in  his  seven  years'  voyage,  and  after- 
wards remained  with  him  in  this  island  of 
Inis  mac  Hy  Chuinn,  where  one  of  the 
miracles  alluded  to  was  performed.  "  Ubi 
meritis  utriusque,  legitur  quidam  istarum 
partium  princeps  (probably  one  of  the 
"  ferocious"  O'Flaherties)  viris  Dei  ex- 
itium  minitans,  miraculo  perculsus,  ab 
intentato  flagitio  destitisse,  et  ad  pacem 
et  pcenitentiarn  reductus." — Acta,  SS.  p. 

a  St.  Meldan. — This  saint  was  descended 
from  Con  Cedchathach  (i.  e.  Con  centum 
praeliorum,  monarch  of  Ireland  in  the 
second  century),  whose  descendants  were 
called  Hui  Cuinn  ;  and,   from  the  saint 


and  his  kinsmen,  the  island  of  Inis  ui 
Chuinn  is  said  to  have  taken  its  name, 
Inis  mac  Hua  Cuinn,  i.  e.  the  island  of  the 
descendants  of  Con.  See  Colgan,  in  Vita 
S.  Meldani,  p.  269.  His  festival,  as  above, 
was  for  many  ages,  celebrated  in  this  island. 

b  St.  Furse The  patron   saint  of  the 

O'Flaherties.  See  his  life  in  Colgan,  ui 
supra,  p.  75.  St.  Meldan  was  his  spiritual 
father  and  director.  "S.  Meldanus  filius 
Hua  Cuind  de  Loch-Oirbsean  in  Conacia 
fuit  sinedrus  seu  Pater  spiritualis  S.  Fur- 
soei." — Id.  p.  90,  n.  19.  See  his  life  in  Von. 
Bede's  Eccl.  History,  b.  iii ;  given  also  in 
Colgan,  p.  87. 

c  By  the  Danes — Thus  related  by  the 
Four  Masters,  at  A.  D.  927  (common  era, 
A.  D.  929).  ^jabcut  pop  loc  Oipbpen 
00  5a^a'^  Cuimni£,  ajur-  inpi  an  loca 
do  opjain  001B.  "  The  Danes  of  Limerick 
took  possession  of  Lough  Orbsen,  and  pil- 
laged its  islands."  From  this  period  the 
history  of  the  lake  and  its  islands  is  brief. 


23 


Echinisd,  i.  e.  Horse  Island,  now  Inis  Gearain,  or  Garon  Island, 
the  same  in  sense  as  Horse  Island,  lyes  very  near  Enagh-Coelain  con- 
tinent, but  nearer  Ard,  part  of  Aghnenuree.  In  this  island  St.  Enna 
of  Arann  visited  St.  Coelan,  priest  on  Lough  Orbsen.  This  St. 
Coelan  is  worshippedf  the  25th  of  April,  (  Vita  S.  Ertdei,  21  Mar. 

cap. 

A.  D.  1 06 1,  the  Muintir  Murcha  (i.  e.  the 
O'Flaherties  of  Magh  Seola,  or  the  country 
of  Hy  Briuin  Seola,  now  the  barony  of 
Clare,  in  the  county  of  Gal  way),  took  pos- 
session of  Lough  Orbsen,  and  expelled  or 
deposed  Aodh  (Hugh)O'Conor Id.  Dur- 
ing the  violent  contentions  which  took 
place  between  the  O'Conors  of  Connaught 
for  the  sovereignty  of  the  province  after 
the  death  of  Cathal  Crovdearg,  in  A.  D. 
1224,  Hugh,  the  son  of  Cathal,  and  his 
English  allies,  in  A.  D.  1225,  marched 
with  an  army  towards  Lough  Orbsen,  and 
compelled  Hugh  O'Flaherty,  lord  of  the 
lake  and  its  islands,  to  deliver  up  to  him 
the  islands  of  Inis-creawa  and  Oilen  na 

Circe,  with  all  the  vessels  on  the  lake 

Id.  In  A.  D.  1256,  Walter  de  Burgo, 
lord  of  Connaught,  and  first  Earl  of  Uls- 
ter, marched  against  Roderick  O'Flaherty, 
plundered  the  territories  of  Gnomore  and 
Gnobeg,  west  of  Lough  Orbsen,  and  took 
possession  of  the  lake,  its  islands  and  cas- 
tles. These  he  fortified,  and  by  that  means 
considerably  increased  the  power  of  the 
English  in  Connaught. 

Echinis. — Now  Inisgerraun,  near  the 
castle  of  Aghnenure.  For  this  castle  see 
the  note  next  following.  Echinis,  and  the 
other  islands  above  mentioned,  lie  towards 


the  western  margin  of  the  lake.  Inisgear- 
rann  and  Ard-island  are  still  known  by  the 
same  names.  Enagh  Coelain  is  now  called 
Annagh  Keelaun.  For  the  visit  of  St. 
Enna  to  Echinis,  see  Colgan,  Acta  SS. 
p.  709,  n.  26. 

e  Aghnenure. — A  celebrated  castle  on 
the  west  side  of  Lough  Orbsen,  originally 
built  by  the  De  Burgo's,  but  considera- 
bly enlarged  and  fortified  in  the  sixteenth 
century  byMorogh  nad-tuagh  O'Flaherty, 
as  will  appear  in  the  sequel.  The  learned 
De  Burgo,  in  his  Hib.  Dominicana,  p.  309, 
has  fallen  into  some  mistakes  respecting 
this  castle,  which  it  may  be  necessary  to 
allude  to  in  another  place. 

f  Worshipped. — i.  e.  his  memory  cele- 
brated, as  our  author  further  on  expresses 
it,  when  speaking  of  St.  Coelain,  in  the  ac- 
count of  Balinahinch  barony,  viz.,  that 
his  memory  was  celebrated,  that  is,  res- 
pected, honoured,  or  treated  with  reve- 
rence, which  was  the  ancient  sense  of  the 
term  "  worship,"  as  still  used  in  the  Office 
of  Matrimony  of  the  Church  of  England, 
and  by  our  author.  So  Ussher,  passim,  viz. 
of  St.  Mocteus,  "  ejusque  ad  hunc  usque 
diem  celebratur  memorial — Primord.  855. 
"  S.  Patricii  Hiberniye  Apostoli  honoratur 
memoria.'1'' — Id.,  897.  "  Duo  Finiani  quo- 


24 

cap.  2:5:).  Of  him  likely  Enagh-Coelan,  nigh  Aghnenure,  is  named 
Inis-flananns,an  island  which  retains  the  memory  of  St.  Flanann,  pa- 
tron of  Balynduin  parish. 

Inis  an  Ghoillh,  so  called  of  a  certain  holy  person  who  there 
lived  of  old,  known  only'1  by  the  name  of  An  Gall  Craibhtheach,  i.  e. 
the  devout  forreigner:  for  Gall  (i.  e.  of  the  Gallick  nation  )\  they  call 
every  foreigner.  So  Inis  an  Ghoill,  or  the  foreigner's  island,  between 
Ross  and  Moycullin  barony  on  Lough  Orbsen,  containes  half  a  quar- 
ter of  pleasant  land  belonging  to  Cong  Abbey,  and  hath  a  fine  chap- 
pell  therein  which  is  not  for  the  buriall  of  any  body.  On  this  island 
dyed  Anno  11 28,  Murgess  O'Nioc,  archbishop  of  Tuam. 

Inis  an  Ghoill  hath  two  chappells",  the  one   dedicated  to    Si 
Patrick,  the  other  to  the  saint  of  whom  the  island  is  named,  which  ad- 
mits not  the  buriall  of  any  body,  but  in  the  first  it  is  usuall  to  bury. 

Kirke  Isle1,  or  the  Hen's  Island,   lyes  in  that  part  of  Lough 


rum  unius  die  Februarii,  xxm0.  alterius 
die  Septembris  x°.  celebratur  memorial — 
Id.  954,  et  Index  Citron.,  1086. 

8  Inis-flanann Nowlnisflananorlni^h- 

lannaun.  It  belongs  to  the  neighbouring 
townland  of  Gortnashingan.  See  the  ac- 
count of  St.  Flannan,  in  the  parish  of 
Ballindun. 

h  Inis  an  Ghoill. — Or  Inchagoill.  This 
island  is  situated  about  midway  between 
the  towns  of  Oughterard  and  Cong,  and 
belongs  to  Cong  parish.  It  is  celebrated 
for  its  ancient  ecclesiastical  remains,  for 
which  see  the  Additional  Notes. 

'  Known  only. — i.  e.  The  only  name  he 
was  known  by. 

J  The  Gallick  nation. — The  ancient  Irish 


called  every  foreigner  Gall,  viz.,  an  alii-n 
or  Btranger.  See  Ware,  De  Hib.  cap.  vii. 
and  Harris's  Edit.  ii.  p.  59. 

k  Tiro  chappells. — For  these  and  other 
particulars  relating  to  this  remarkable 
island,  see  the  Additional  >" 

1  Kirke  Isle. — Some  Scotch   P 
rians  visited  this  small  i?land  on  ac< 
of  its  name,  and  were  disappointed  at  not 
finding  a  kirk  in  it.     It  lies  in  thi    \.  W 
part  of  Lough  Corrib,  in  that  arm  which 
receives  the  river  of  Belanabrack,  and  be- 
longs to  the  parish  of  Cong.      This  island 
was   anciently  celebrated   for  its    castle, 
which,    according  to  tradition,  was  built 
by  the  O'Conor,  king  of  Connaught.     S 
ante,  p.  22,  note  (c)- 


25 


Orbsen  which  is  within  Ross  half  barony  ;  and  had  a  castell  till  bro- 
ken in  Cromwell's  time.  Iniscreawam,  or  Wild-garlick  Isle,  is  near 
Cargin  in  the  barony  of  Clare,  a  small  island,  where  the  walls  and 
high  ditch  of  a  well  fortified  place  are  still  extant,  and  encompass 
almost  the  whole  island.  Of  this  isle,  Macamh  Insicreawa,  a  memora- 
ble antient  magician,  as  they  say,  had  his  denomination.  Anno  1225, 
the  Lord  Justice  of  Ireland  coming  to  the  port  of  Iniscreawa,  caused 
Odon  O'Flaherty,  lord  of  West  Connaught,  to  deliver0  that  island, 
Kirke  Island,  and  all  the  boats  of  Lough  Orbsen,  into  the  hands  of 
Odo  O'Connor,  king  of  Connaught  (Cathald  Redfist's  son),  for  as- 
surance of  his  fidelity.  Anno  1233,  Fedlim,  king  of  Connaught,  bro- 
ther to  the  former,  demolished  the  castles  of  Kirke  Island,  Galwayp, 
Hag  Island,  and  Donoman". 

Anno 


m  Iniscreawa In  Irish,  Imp  Cpeurha, 

(cpeavh,  wild  garlic).  It  lies  in  Lough 
Corrib,  opposite  the  castle  of  Cargins, 
and  belongs  to  the  barony  of  Clare.  See 
note  (c).  In  it  are  the  remains  of  an  an- 
cient circular  Cyclopean  wall.  See  Map  to 
Tribes  and  Customs  of  Hy-many. 

n  Odo — In  Irish,  Aodh,  now  Anglicised 
"  Hugh." 

0  Deliver. — See  ante,  p.  22,  note  (c). 

p  Galway In  Irish,  Ccnplen  na  ^ail- 

tirh.  This  castle  was  built  by  O'Flaherty  in 
A.  D.  11 24.  See  the  Annals  of  the  Four 
Masters  at  that  year,  where  Dr.  O' Conor 
translates  "  la  conaceaib,"  the  Conna- 
cians,  by  "  a  Conach tense,  i.  e.  Tordelvacho 
O'Conor."  But  in  a  note  to  the  Annals 
of  Ulster,  p.  389,  he  renders  it  correctly. 
The  erection  of  these  and  other  castles 
(which  may  yet  be  alluded  to),  before  the 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   15. 


arrival  of  the  English,  shews  with  what 
caution  the  22nd  chapter  of  Ware's  An- 
tiquities should  be  read,  and  the  asser- 
tions of  other  writers  received  on  this 
point.  They  lay  much  stress  on  the  Cas- 
trum  mirificum,  stated  to  have  been  built 
in  Tuam  by  king  Eoderic,  A.  D.  1161. 
But  we  here  see  that  castles  were  not,  at 
that  time,  either  so  new  or  so  uncommon 
as  Ware  has  ventured  to  assert.  It  would, 
therefore,  seem  more  reasonable  to  con- 
clude, that  the  castle  of  Tuam  was  called 
mirificum,  wonderful,  from  its  strength, 
than  for  the  reasons  which  he  alleged  ; 
seeing  that  it  was  strongly  built  for  de- 
fence of  the  sacred  edifices  there,  which 
we  know,  from  the  Annals  of  Inisfallen, 
were  stormed  and  despoiled  some  time 
before,  by  the  Dalgais  of  Munster. 

q  Donoman Irish,  Dun  lomjuin,  the 

E 


26 


Anno  1 65 1,  among  the  many  strange  and  rare  vicissitudes  of 
our  own  present  age,  the  Marquis  of  Clanrickardr,  Lord  Deputy  of 
Ireland,  the  Earl  of  Castlehaven,  and  Earl  of  Clancarty,  driven  out 
of  the  rest  of  Ireland,  were  entertained,  as  they  landed  on  the 
shore  of  this  lake,  for  a  night's  lodging,  under  the  mean  roof  of 
Murtagh  Boy  Branhagh,  an  honest  farmer's  house,  the  same  year 
wherein  the  most  potent  Monarch5  of  Great  Brittain,  our  present  so- 
vereign, bowed  his  imperial  triple  crown  under  the  boughs  of  an  oak 
tree,  where  his  life  depended  on  the  shade  of  the  tree  leav( 

This  lake  breeds  salmons,  eels,  and  severall  sorts  of  trouts, 
especially  the  delicate  lough  trout,  of  which  kind  there  were  two  by 
chance  catched,  which  had  fair  golden  spots.  It  distributes  the  salnu  ms 


Dun  or  fortress  of  Iomghuin,  the  pagan 
name  of  a  man.  Part  of  the  Dun  is  still 
remaining.  The  castle  is  now  called  Duna- 
mon,  and  is  situate  on  the  River  Suck,  on  the 
borders  of  the  counties  of  Gal  way  and  Ros- 
common. According  to  tradition,  this  was 
anciently  the  residence  of  the  chief  of  the  old 
Irish  septofO'Finaghty,  whose  territory  lay 
to  the  west  of  the  river ;  but  they  were 
dispossessed  by  the  Burkes,  soon  after  the 
arrival  of  the  English.  For  a  curious  ac- 
count of  the  O'Finaghties,  see  Mac  Firbis's 
great  Book  of  Genealogies,  of  which  a  va- 
luable transcript  is  preserved  in  the  Li- 
brary of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy.  See 
also  Hy-Fiachrach,  p.  108. 

r  Clanrickard. — This  incident  is  not 
mentioned  in  the  "  Memoirs  of  the  Mar- 
quiss  of  Clanricarde,"  fo.  London,  1757; 
but  it  pi-obably  occurred  about  the  be- 
ginning of  October,  A.  D.  1651,  for  his 


among 


Lordship  dates  a  letter  from  the  castle  of 
Aghnenure,  on  the  8  th  of  that  month. 
See  Addenda  to  the  Memoirs,  p.  48. 

*  Most patent,  Monarch. — Charles  II.  Our 
author,  here,   and  in  other  parts  of  his 
writings,  seems  to  have  been  an  ardent  ad- 
mirer of  royalty,   in  the  person   of  I 
perfidious  and  ungrateful  Monarch ;  from 
whom,  to  the  last,  the  simple  man  vainly 
expected  a  restitution  of  his  hereditary 
possessions  in  Iar-ConnaugL"     S 
dicatory  epistle  to  the  Duke  of  York,  after- 
wards James  II.,  prefixed  to  th« 
for  such  expressions  as  the  following :  "sed 
me  a  coeptis,"  the  intended  dedication  of 
that  work  to  Charles,  "  deterruit  summa 
in  regem  meum  observantia,  detinuit  pu- 
dor,    nietusque,      Oculorum    aciem    per- 
strinxit  sumrua?  majestatis  comtemplatio. 
Intercessore  niiki  opus  esse  judicavi.*'  ft 
But  these  abject  expressions  were  of  no 


27 


among  divers  surrounding  rivers,  which  mutually  contribute  their  fish 
and  water  to  it ;  and  every  salmon,  if  not  hindered,  will  be  sure  to  go 
to  that  river  where  first  it  was  ingendred,  and  after  spawning  there, 
returns  in  due  season  to  the  sea.  Here,  some  old  seales'  come  along 
from  the  sea  in  pursuit  of  the  salmons.  Here  is  another  kind  of  fish 
which  hath  recourse  to  the  sea  as  the  salmon,  yearly  to  and  fro,  they 
are  called  chops,  and  in  Irish,  trascain,  very  like  herrings,  only  that 
herrings  come  not  on  fresh  water. 

The  river  of  Galway,  whose  channell  is  the  conveyance  of 
Lough  Orbsen  for  four  miles  into  the  sea,  slides  with  some  meander 
windings  in  a  slow  and  deep  stream,  till  it  comes  near  the  town  of 
Galway.  But  as  it  passes  by  the  townes  side  it  falls  into  the  sea  with 
a  loud  noise,  in  a  shallow  vehement  stream  of  fair  christalline  water". 
The  right  name  of  the  river  is  Galliv,  from  the  oblique  whereof 

Gaillve, 

distant  period  of  time,  several  of  the  Clan 
Coneelys  (lTlac  Con^aile),  an  old  family  of 
Iar-Connaught,  were,  by  "  Art  magick," 
metamorphosed  into  seals !  In  some  places 
the  story  has  its  believers,  who  would 
no  more  kill  a  seal,  or  eat  of  a  slaughtered 
one,  than  they  would  of  a  human  Coneely. 
It  is  related  as  a  fact,  that  this  ridiculous 
story  has  caused  several  of  the  clan  to 
change  their  name  to  Conolly. 

u  Christalline  water The  redundant  wa- 
ters of  Lough  Corrib,  which  flow  unpro- 
fitably  through  the  populous  town  of 
Galway,  have  been  estimated  as  equal  to 
10,000  horse  power  in  machinery.  It  is 
asserted,  that  with  a  moderate  and  ju- 
dicious outlay  of  capital,  that  great  natural 
supply  might  be  made  highly  profitable  to 
the  undertaker,  and  beneficial  to  the  public. 


avail ;  our  author,  notwithstanding  all  his 
loyalty,  died  a  plundered  and  disappointed 
man. 

c  Seales. — The  coasts  of  Iar-Connaught 
and  its  islands  abound  with  seals.  The 
curious  account  given  of  these  animals  by 
Martin  in  his  description  of  the  west- 
ern islands  of  Scotland,  p.  62,  et  seq., 
would,  in  most  respects,  answer  for  our 
western  islands  and  coast;  the  only  dif- 
ference, perhaps,  being,  that  with  us  seals 
are  seldom  slaughtered  or  used  as  food. 
See  the  affecting  story  of  the  domesticated 
seal,  told  by  the  ingenious  author  of 
"  Wild  Sports  of  the  West."  Many  tra- 
ditions, connecting  these  harmless  animals 
with  the  marvellous,  are  related  along  our 
western  shores.  Among  these  there  is 
one  of  a  curious  nature,  viz.,  that  at  some 


E2 


28 


Gaillve,  is  formed  Gallwayv  and  Galvia,  whereby  the  town  is  now  de- 
noted. The  occasion  of  the  name  a  very  antient  Irish  distick  ex- 
presses thus,  translated : 

"  Ludit  aquis  mersam  deluserat  amnis 
Bressalii  prolis,  funere  nomen  habetw. 

The  name  of  Jordan31  Island  on  this  river,  gave  occasion  to  the  Ana- 
baptists of  the  town,  in  Cromwell's  days,  to  goe  thither  and  dip  them- 
selves by  the  island's  side,  as  alluding  to  the  river  of  Jordan. 

There  is  an  island,  where  the  river  issues  from  the  lake,  now 
called  Olen-na-mbra-har  or  the  Fryar's  Isle,  but  antiently  Olen-na 
g-clereagh,  i.  e.  the  Clergy's  Isle  ;  for  the  Irish  Anals  mention  that, 
anno  1178,  from  midnight  to  noon  Galway  river  became  dry'  from 

CL    - 


v  Gallway. — This  town  was  formerly  so 
celebrated  in  foreign  parts,  that  an  English 
author,  Heylin,  writes  of  it, — "  Galloway, 
a  noted  emporie,  and  lately  of  so  great 
fame  with  foreign  merchants,  that  an  out- 
landish merchant  meeting  with  an  Irish- 
man, demanded  in  what  part  of  Galloway 
Ireland  stood ;  as  if  Galloway  had  been  the 
name  of  the  islfcnd,  and  Ireland  only  the 
name  of  some  town." 

w  Nomen  habet — The  "  antient  Irish 
distick"  is  given  in  the  "Dinn  Seanchus," 
as  follows : 

^yziillectrh  injean  6peapait  buain 
Rup  puchpaic  'pa  ^,nD  tan-uaip, 
Qnn  po  butoeao  in  ^ejr,  jeal: 
Ucnce  ainmnijreap  ^aillearh. 

Thus  in  English: 
Gailleamk,    daughter    of    lasting     (prosperous) 

Breasal, 
Bathed  in  the  full  cool  stream, 


Where  the  bright  branch  was  drowned  : 
From  her  the  (river)  Gailhatnh  is  named. 

The  original  proceeds  to  state  that  the 
monument  of  this  lady.  G  }i-  was  to 

be  seen  on  the  brink  of  the  river,  where  a 
large  rock  near  it-  western  bank  is  still 
pointed  out  as  tin-  site.  Here  it  is  intended, 
by  some  of  the  spirited  inhabitants  of  th<- 
town,  to  restore  that  remarkable  monu- 
ment, by  erecting  a  column  on  the  - 
with  the  above  inscription ;  in  order  to  dis- 
tinguish the  place  from  which  so  large  a 
portion  of  that  part  of  Ireland  has 
named. 

x  Jordan.  —  The  fanatics  of  the  time 
found  their  way  even  to  this  "  distant 
angle"  of  the  dominions  of  the  common- 
weal th,  after  its  reduction  by  Crom- 
well's forces.  But  they  soon  began  to 
persecute  one  another ;  of  which  see  some 
curious  instances  in  the  Additional  N 


29 

Clergy  Isle  to  the  sea  ;  and  much  fish  and  goods  long  afore  drowned 
therein,  found  by  the  people  of  the  town.  It  became  dry  the  second 
time,  anno  1190,  wherein  was  found  the  head  of  a  spearz,  one  cubit 
long  (  Ware,  Ant.  Hib.,  c.  12,  pag.  65).  It  became  suddenly  dry  in 
our  own  memory  twice,  first  on  Tuesday  the  7th  of  September,  anno 
1647  ;  the  second  time  there  was  mighty  great  frost  from  the  28  th  of 
November,  1683,  to  the  3rd  of  February,  whereby  the  river  was  all 
congealed,  only  the  rapid  streame  from  the  wood-key  of  the  town  to 
the  sea.  This  stream  suddenly  stoped  on  Wednesday,  the  23rd  of 
January,  from  the  night  before  to  the  night  after  ;  so  as  the  channell 
was  all  along  dry  during  that  time,  and  though  the  frost  continued 
as  much  after  as  before,  yet  the  stream  runned  the  day  after  and 
filled  its  channell,  so  continuing  as  usually  before  ;  soe  alsoe  it  did 
after  the  7th  day  of  September  the  first  timea. 

This  river  hath  the  same  fish  with  the  lake  whence  it  springs ; 
and  in  the  mouth  thereof,  where  the  sea  flowes,  abundance  of  yelvers 
or  eele  frey  is  yearly  taken  in  Lent  time,  till  they  wax  black  and  stifle 
about  May.  On  the  bridge,  over  the  river  from  the  town  to  the 
west,  salmons  are  taken  up  by  casting  trident  spears"  at  them,  with 
long  ropes  to  draw  up  the  spears  again. 

On 

y  Became  dry — This  is  related  in  the  z  A  spear See  Ware's  Ant.  Hibernica?, 

Annals  of  the  Four  Masters  as  follows :  c.  xii.  "  In  Annalibus  Roscomanensibus, 
"O.  C.  1 1 78,  abann  nu  ^adlrhe  oo  ad  annum  mcxc,  fit  mentio  capitis  Hastee, 
cpacchaoh  ppi  cpi  laicne  aiceanca  ;  na  ad  longitudinem  unius  cubiti,  reperti  in 
h-uile  aiohme  po  baiohio  innce  6  chen,      fluvio  Galivee  turn  desiccato." 

co  n-a  b-iapcc,  oo  chionol  la  luclic  an  a  The  first  time I  do  not  find  these  oc- 

oum,  ajup  an  cipi  15-coiccinne."  "The  currences  elsewhere  related.  Although 
river  Gaillimh  became  dried  for  the  space  the  river  has  frequently  become  shallow 
of  three  natural  days,  and  all  the  accoutre-  since  the  above  was  written,  yet  no  one,  at 
ments  that  had  lain  in  it  from  the  earliest  present  living,  remembers  to  have  seen  it 
period,  with  its  fish,  were  gathered  by  entirely  "dry." 
the  people  of  the  fortress  and  country."  b  Trident  spears This  curious  method 


3° 

On  the  west  side,  it  is  mearing  with  the  barony  of  Moycullin  and 
west  liberties  of  the  town  ;  on  the  east  with  the  east  liberties,  and 
baronys  of  Clare  and  Dunkellin. 

Galway,  the  chiefe  town0  of  the  province  of  Connaught,  fameous 
for  its  handsome  contrivement  and  fortification,  its  antient  great  traf- 
fick  and  dealings  with  forreigners,  and  the  worthy  parts  and  qualities 
of  its  cittizens,  ly's  on  the  east  side  where  the  river  meets  with  the 
sea  on  high  water  about  the  bridge.  This  bridge  was  built  anno 
1442,  by  Edmond  Lynch  Fitz  Thomas.  It  borrowes  its  name  from 
the  river,  and  was  called  Dunbo  na  Gaillve,  that  is  dun  of  Galway 
river's  mouth.  Dun  is  a  fortified  town,  both  with  the  ancient  Gaules, 
Welsh,  and  Irish  ;  and  is  the  same  that  the  antient  Saxons  called 
Burough,  as  Edenburow  in  English  is  Dun-Eden  in  Irish.  It  hath 
nothing  to  doe  with  the  sense  of  hill  or  height,  as  Camden  (Camd. 
Brit,  titulo  Wil  shi.)  and  Sir  Ja.  Ware  (  Ware,  Antiq.  Hib.  cap.  10, 
tp.  51)  thought;  only  that  such  as  were  so  called  were  usually 
situated  on  heights. 

Galway,  therefore,  was  in  antient  times  a  buroughd,  and  soe  con- 
tinued 

of  taking  salmon  was  much  practised  in  natural  advantages;  and  probably  in  pro- 
former  times.  The  handle  of  the  spear  cess  of  time,  it  may  become  one  of  the  prin- 
was  about  five  feet  in  length,  and  was  se-  cipal  emporiums  for  trade  between  these 
cured  at  the  top  by  a  rope  of  sufficient  countries  and  America.  In  such  an  event, 
extent.  The  spearman  generally  took  his  Iar-Connaught  would  nece»arily  partiei- 
stand  on  the  battlement  of  the  bridge  (see  pate  in  its  prosperity. 
Hist.  Galway,  p.  30,  and  the  old  mapof  the  d  Bwrough. — This  town,  or  "  burough." 
towntheregiven),andhavingespiedthefish  appears  to  have  existed  before  the  arrival 
he  seldom  missed  his  aim;  but  the  prac-  of  the  Anglo-Normans,  and  even  to  have 
tice  has  of  late  years  been  discontinued.  been  ^fortified  town :  though  it  never  was 
c  Chiefe  town. — This  was  formerly  the  built  or  inhabited  by  Ostmen,  as  "Ware 
chief  commercial  town  of  Ireland.  It  is  has  boldly  asserted  of  all  the  fortified 
remarkable  for  its  noble  harbour,  and  other  towns  of  Ireland.     See  his  Antiq.  c.  xxii 


31 


tinued  after  tlie  English  invasion,  being  one  of  the  Earles  of  Ulster 
their  mannours,  as  appears  by  the  ensuing  annals  and  records. 

Anno  ii24e,  the  castles  of  Dun-leof  (now  Belanaslow),  Galway, 
and  Kulmaileg  (now  Killoony,  in  the  county  of  Sligoe),  were  built. 

Anno  1 132,  the  castle  of  Galway  demolished  by  Monstermen  in- 
vading it  by  sea,  and  Conor  OTlaherty,  Lord  of  West  Connaught, 
slain  by  them. 

Anno  1 149,  Tordelvac  O'Bryan,  king  of  Munster,  invaded  Con- 
naught,  and  dismantled  Galway  Dun. 

Anno  1 1 54,  the  ships  of  Galway  Dun,  and  of  Conmacnymara, 
sent  upon  an  expedition  to  the  north. 

Anno  1 1 6 1 ,  fantastical  ships'1  were  seen  in  the  harbour  of  Gal- 
way 


This  assertion  of  Ware,  in  support  of  which 
he  has  not  adduced  any  authority,  will,  it 
is  hoped,  attract  the  attention  of  some  of 
the  learned  members  of  the  Irish  Archae- 
ological Society. 

e  Anno  1 1 24 This,  and  most  of  the 

facts  related  in  the  text  to  A.  D.,  1271, 
inclusive,  will  be  found  detailed  in  the 
Annals  of  the  Four  Masters,  at  the  respec- 
tive years  mentioned  above.  For  that  at 
A.  D.  1230,'  see  the  Annals  of  Inisfallen. 

f  Dun-leo. — Irish,  tDunleooa,  the  dun  or 
habitation  of  Leodha,  now  anglicised  Dun- 
loe,  which  gives  name  to  a  street  in  Bal- 
linasloe.  There  is  an  old  Irish  family  of 
the  name  of  Low,  still  highly  respectable, 
the  head  of  which,  I  believe,  resides  at 
Low-ville,  near  Ballinasloe,  in  the  Co.  of 
Galway,  but  whether  they  descend  from 
the  Leodh,  after  whom  this  fortress  was 
named,  does  not  appear. 


8  Kulmaile. — Ir.  Cul  fflaoile,  now  Co- 
loony,  a  small  town  about  five  miles  south 
of  Sligo.  Another  castle  was  erected  there 
by  Morogh,  son  of  Cormac  Mac  Donogh, 
in  A.  D.  1408. — Four  Masters. 

h  Fantastical  ships Our  annalists,  in 

recording  this  occurrence,  call  these  ships 
loinjep  oemnacoa,  which  Dr.  O'Conor 
translates,  "  Naves  bellies,"  Four  Masters, 
p.  807.  This  does  not,  however,  convey  the 
meaning  of  oemnacoa,  which  literally  sig- 
nifies devilish  or  diabolical,  from  oeaman 
(demon),  the  evil  spirit.  But  our  author's 
phrase,  "fantastical  ships"  (viz.,  visionary, 
or  having  the  appearance  of  a  phantom, 
not  real),  was  happily  chosen  to  express 
this  instance  of  atmospherical  refraction. 
The  writer  remembers  to  have  seen,  when 
a  boy,  a  well-defined  aerial  phenomenon 
of  this  kind,  from  a  rising  ground  near 
the  mountain  of  Cruach-Patrick,  in  Mayo. 


32 

way  Dun  to  saile  against  the  wind,  and  the  next  day  Galway  Dun 
tooke  fire. 

Anno  1230,  Richard  de  Burgo,  Lord  of  Connaught  and  Lord 
Justice  of  Ireland,  constituting  Fedlim  O'Connor  King  of  Connaught, 
besieged  Odo  O'Flaherty,  Lord  of  West  Connaught,  in  the  castle  of 
Galway,  on  the  east  side  of  the  river  ;  and  he  being  relieved  on  the 
west  side  by  Odo,  King  of  Connaught  (son  of  Roderick,  last  King  of 
Ireland),  the  besiegers  quitted  the  siege. 

Anno  1232,  the  same  lord,  Richard  Burk,  built  a  castle  in  Gal- 
way, having  restored  Odo  O'Connor,  and  confined  Fedlim  (  ^Connor. 

Anno  1233,  Fedlim,  set  at  liberty,  became  King  of  Connaught, 
by  the  death  of  Odo,  and  broke  down  Galway,  Kirke,  Hag.  and  Duno- 
man  castles. 

Anno  1 247,  the  town  and  castle  of  Galway  burnt. 

Anno  1 271,  Walter  de  Burgo,  Earle  of  Ulster,  and  Lord  of  Con- 
naught, dyed  in  the  castle  of  Galway. 

Anno  13 1 2,  Richard  Cadell,  sirnamed  Black,  of  whom  the  Blake> 
of  Galway  are  dessended,  was  bailifle  of  Galway  under  Richard  de 
Burgo,  the  Red  Earl"'  of  Ulster. 

Anno  1313,  the  Lord  John  Burk,  son  and  heir  of  Richard  tin- 
Red  Earle  of  Ulster,  dyed  at  Galway. 

Anno  1333,  in  an  office  found  upon  William,  Earl  of  Ulster  (son 
to  the  said  Lord  John),  his  death,  which  begins,  "  Inquisitio  capta 
apud  Clare  coram  Johanne  Morice,  Escaetore  Domini  Regis  in  1  li- 
berals, 

It  was  on  a  serene  evening  in  the  autumn  west  coast  of  Ireland, 
of  1 798.  Hundreds  who  also  witnessed  the  ~>  The  Red  Eari—Yor  some  curious  do- 
scene  believed  it  supernatural ;  but  it  was  cumeuts  concerning  the  "  Red  Earl"  and 
soon  afterwards  found  to  have  been  caused  the    "  Blakes   of  Galway,"   see  tl 
by  the  fleet  of  Admiral  "Warren,  then  in  ditional  Notes, 
pursuit   of  a  French   squadron,    off  the 


33 

bernia,  8°  die  Decemb.  anno  regni  Edwardi  III,  septimo,  there  is 
the  ensuing  mention  of  Gal  way,  1 1'  6*-  perann.de  tribus  villatis 
terras  cum  dimidio  in  Burgagio  del  Galliv,  quas  Burgagii  ibidem 
tenent  libere  in  feodo.  Est  ibidem  quedam  domus  lapidea  quas 
solebat  dimitti  per  ann.  pro  66s-  8d'  et  modo  nihil  inde  percipitur,  quia 
prostrata  venit  ad  terram  et  est  ibidem  alia  domus  quam  comes  emit 
de  Wellielmo  Marescallo  (the  eldest  branch  of  the  Linches  of  Gal- 
way  were  called  Marshall s,  till  that  branch  was  extinguished  in  the 
male  line)  quae  ns-reddit  per  ann.  Item  placita  et  perquisita  hun- 
dredas  ibidem,  solebat  valere  per  ann.  5'-  The  ruines  of  the  earle's 
house  called  Clogh-an-hiarla,  or  the  earl's  stone,  are  still  extant  in 
Galway  nigh  the  key,  where  there  is  a  well  dedicated  to  St.  Brendan, 
patron  of  Enagh-duin  diocess,  wherein  was  Galway,  whose  feast,  16th 
May,  usually  kept  holy  by  the  key-street  dwellers  of  old. 

Anno  1369,  upon  the  death  of  Lyonell  Duke  of  Clarence,  the 
ensuing  office  was  found.  Inquisitio  apud  Dublin  die  Veneris  prox- 
imo post  assumptionem  B.  Mariaa,  anno  43  Edwardi  III.  Regis 
Angliae  et  Franciaa  30™°  Leonellus  Dux  Clarencias  tenuit  de  domino 
rege  in  capite,  die  quo  obiit,  et  de  jure  Elizabethaa  uxoris  suas  filite 
Willielmi  Comitis  Ultonias,  manneria  de  Logh-reagh,  Tobarbride, 
Toyloghobanj,  Loghmesg,  Sligoek,  Galway  et  Portdempne1,  quae  va- 
luerunt  ei  200'-  per  ann.  -p 

Toyloghoban. — Now  Tuluban,  in  the  fought  there,  in  which  Eogan  Bel,  fourth 
county  of  Galway.  See  Gratianus  Lucius,  Christian  king  of  Connaught,  was  slain, 
p.  263,  for  a  remarkable  occurrence  which  An  historical  account  of  Sligo,  from  that 
took  place  there  in  the  time  of  that  writer;  period  to  the  present,  would  prove  an  inl- 
and which  may  serve  to  shew  the  mise-  portant  addition  to  the  history  of  Ireland, 
rable  state  to  which  the  people  of  Ireland  It  would  necessarily  include  the  transac- 
were  reduced  at  that  period.  tions  of  the  great  family  of  O'Donnell ; 
k  Sligoe — This  place  is  first  mentioned  which  of  themselves  would  form  a  most 
in  our  Annals,  at  A.  D.  537  (Tigernach,  eventful  narrative.  For  such  a  work  ample 
A.  D.    543),    when    a   great    battle    was  and  interesting  materials  are  extant. 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.    I  5.  F 


34 


By  process  of  time  after  this  Gahvay  had  its  annual  magistr; 
called  portriffs.    Portriffe  in  the  old  Saxon  tongue  is  the  magistrate 
of  a  sea-port  as  the  sherriffe  is  of  a  shire.     I  find  that  James  Develyn 
was,  Anno  1431™,  portriffe  of  Galway.     This  family  is  since  extinct, 
and  the  Darcys  of  Galway  are  their  generall  heirs. 

The  DevehVs  arms",  still  extant,  carved  in  stone  in  James  Reagfa 
Darcy's  house  in  Abby-gate  street,  is  the  same  with  the  Dillon's  arms. 

After  portriffes  their  annual  magistrates  were  a  sovereign  and 
portriffe  under  him,  for  every  year,  till  by  the  concession  of  King 
Richard  III.  (  Ware,  Henry  VII.  ad  ann.  1500),  Anno  1485.  the  last 
year  of  his  reigne,  they  exchanged  them  for  mayors  and  two  bay- 
liffes  ;  who  were  elected  on  Lammas-day,  and  tooke  their  places  on 
Michaelmas-day  the  29th  September. 

About  the  same  time  as  aforementioned,  Donagh  O'Murry,  Arch 
Bishope  of  Tuam,  instituted  a  colledge0  [ibid,  ad  ann.  1  501 )  f 

Nicholas' 


1  Portdempne. — Irish  popcomna,  still 
well  known  as  the  town  and  manor  of 
Portumna,  situate  on  the  west  bank  of 
the  Shannon,  in  the  county  of  Galway. 
Here  anciently  stood  the  great  castle  of 
O'Madden,  which,  with  the  surrounding 
territory,  is  said  to  have  passed  to  the  De 
Burgos  of  Clanrickard,  by  marriage  with 
one  of  the  O'Maddens.  In  the  Connaught 
"  Composition"  with  Queen  Elizabeth, 
A.  D.  1585,  it  was  specially  provided, 
that  theEarle  of  Clanrickard  "  shall  have 
the  castle  or  manor  of  Portumny,  and 
lower  quarters  of  land  there,  free,  wherof 
he  is  now  said  to  be  seized  as  of  his  in- 
heritance, fully  discharged  of  all  rents  and 
demands  of  O'Madden." — See  Appendix  I. 

m  Anno  143 1  — During  the  above  inter- 


val, several  occurrences  have  been  omitted 
by  our  author.     Among  others,  in  A.  I). 
1399,  "Gahvay  was  taken  and  plunder- 
ed byUlick  Burke,  and  innumerable  v 
the  spoils  taken  from  it,  both  gold  and 
silver,  and  all  kinds   of  good?." — MS.  in 
Trin.  Col.  Lib.  II.  35.  p.  320.      J 
Masters  record,  that  in  A.  D.  1424. 
William  of  Clanrickard.  Le.  Uliek  Burke. 
died,  after  having  subdued  the  devil  and 
the  world. 

n  DevdinsArms — These  arms  may  - 
be  seen  on  an  elaborately  carved  chin 
piece,  in  the  old  house,  or  rather  c 
above  alluded  to. 

0  A  colledge. — Several  bulls  and  other 
original  documents  oi  ancient  date,  re- 
lating to  this  once  celebrated  institution. 


35 


Nicholas'  church  in  Galway,  of  a  wardian  and  eight  chorall  vicars, 
whereunto  where  appropriated  nine  parishes  of  the  diocess ;  which  had 
as  many  parish  vicars,  all  under  the  wardian,  as  well  as  the  eight  chorall 
vicars  which  served  the  high  church  and  the  town.  The  wardian  is 
yearly  elected  by  the  common  vote  of  the  citizens,  as  the  mayor  is  ; 
but  continued  in  one  person  for  many  years,  during  the  pleasure  of 
the  electors.  Dominick  Duffe  Linch  Fitz-John,  second  mayor,  and 
brother  to  the  first,  was  chief  founder  of  the  colledge.  There  was 
but  a  small  chappell  soon  before  in  this  place.  The  church  was  de- 
dicated to  St.  Nicholas  Bishope  of  Myra,  in  Licia,  worshipped  the 
6th  of  December :  on  which  day  Galway  men  invited  to  their  table 
such  as  they  would  have  to  keep  Christmasp  next  with  them. 

Anno  i486q,  29th  September,  Pierce  Lynch  Fitz-John  Boy,  took 

his 


are  inserted  in  the  Addenda  hereto.  This 
is  done  with  a  view  of  saving  them  from 
oblivion,  and  of  aiding,  even  by  a  little,  the 
future  ecclesiastical  historian  of  Ireland. 

p  To  keep  Christmas. — "  Galway  men" 
were  formerly  noted  for  their  hospitality, 
which  they  carried  to  such  excess,  that  the 
civic  authority  was  often  obliged  to  inter- 
fere, in  order  to  check  or  regulate  it.  Thus 
in  A.  D.  15 1 8,  it  was  enacted,  "that  no 
man  of  this  town  shall  oste  or  receive  into 
ther  housses  at  Christmas,  Easter,  nor  no 
feaste  elles,  any  of  the  Burkes,  M 'Wil- 
liams, the  Kellies,  nor  no  cepte  elles, 
withoute  license  of  the  mayor  and  councill, 
on  payn  to  forfeit  £5 :  that  neither  O  ne 
Mac  shall  strutte  ne  swaggere  thro'  the 
streets  of  Gallway." — Orig.  Corporation 
Book.  After  this  law,  the  good  people 
here  gradually  grew  more  thrifty,  inso- 


much, that  their  hospitality  at  length 
often  required  a  spur  to  stimulate  it. 
Thus,  whenever  a  stranger,  viz.,  "  any 
of  the  Burkes,  M'Williams,  or  Kellies," 
found  himself  uninvited  to  dinner,  he  had 
only  to  appear  abroad  in  his  boots  and 
spurs,  and  they  seldom  failed  to  insure 
him  an  invitation.  But  even  this  pleasant 
expedient  is  now  of  no  avail,  so  far  have 
we  departed  from  the  good  old  customs  of 
former  times. 

q  Anno  i486. — The  well-known  story 
of  the  mayor  of  Galway,  who,  about  this 
time,  is  said  to  have  condemned  and  exe- 
cuted his  only  son,  "  for  killing  and  break- 
ing faith  with  strangers,"  is  not  noticed 
by  our  author.  As  he  possessed  the  best 
means  of  information,  it  is  not  probable 
that  he  would  have  passed  over  so  singu- 
lar an  occurrence  in  silence,  if  he  had  con- 


36 

his  place  as  first  mayor  of  Galway,  of  whose  family  was  the  last 
mayor  of  Galway,  Thomas  Lynch  Fitz- Ambrose,  deposed,  anno  1654, 
by  the  usurped  power,  together  with  his  two  sheriffes,  Richard  Lynchr 
Fitz-James  and  Anthony  French  Fitz-Peter,  contrary  to  the  publick 
faith,  upon  rendition  of  the  town  past.  Most  of  the  mayors  of  Gal- 
way were  of  the  same  family;  the  ancestor  of  whom  was  William 
Lacy,  son  of  Hugh  de  Lacy,  first  Lord  Justice  of  Ireland,  and  of  the 
daughter  of  Roderick  O'Connor,  last  King  of  L'eland. 

Anno  161 1,  in  the  mayoralty  time  of  Richard  Bodkin,  the  corpora- 
tion of  Galway  was  erected  by  King  James  into  a  county  of  the  town  of 
Galway,  different  from  the  county  of  Galway  abroad,  to  be  governed 
by  a  mayor  and  two  sheriffs.  The  King's  sword  given  to  be  carried 
before  the  mayor  ;  and  the  liberties  of  the  town  to  be  enlarged  two 
miles  of  each  side.  Patrick  Martin  and  Christopher  Bodkin  were 
the  first  sheriffs.  The  same  time,  the  company  of  the  young  men, 
which  was  instituted  Anno  1521,  in  the  mayoralty  time  of  William 
Martin,  had  their  patent  from  the  mayor  and  corporation,  to  make 
by-laws  for  the  well  governing  of  their  company;  and  that  their 

captain  should  sit  next  after  the  sheriffs. 

Anno 

sidered  it  to  be  true.     The  omission  cer-  trustees  -hall  seem  meete  :  to  which  pur- 

tainly    renders    the    truth  of  the    story  pose  my  will  is,  that  they  procure  i 

somewhat  suspicious.  ter  of  ino  irp  .ration,  by  the  name  of  ' 

r  Lynch.— This  was  formerly  the  lead-  Guardians  of  the  poore  Maydens  of  bal- 
ing family  here,  and  many  splendid  acts  of  way,'  with  licence  to  purchase  land  to 
its  munificence  remain  on  record.  Among  that  use.  And  that  in  preferri) 
others,  Sir  Henry  Linck,  Bart.,  by  his  will  maydens,  those  thai  shall  be  of  the  Ianches 
dated  15th  Nov.  1633,  bequeathed  as  shall  be  first  provyded,  and  next  them  of 
follows  :  "Item.  £500  out  of  the  profits  the  Martinea," — Orig.  WiB  in  the  P 
of  my  lands,  to  thintent  that  such  porre  gative  Office,  Dublin.  See  the  Miscellany 
maydens  of  the  birth  of  Galway,  shalbe  of  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society,  vol.  i. 
from  tyme  to  tyme,  for  ever,  be  preferred  for  further  particulars  of  the  Lynch  ia- 
with  such  competent  portions,  as  to  my  mily. 


37 

Anno  1628,  in  the  mayoralty  time  of  Sir  Richard  Blake,  King 
Charles  the  First  granted  the  mayors  to  be  of  the  king's  counsell  for 
the  government  of  the  town  and  county  at  large ;  and  in  commission 
joined  with  the  governours  of  Galway  to  execute  marshall  law.  They 
were  alsoe  chief  in  commission  for  the  assizes  kept  in  the  county  of 
the  town,  and  admiralls  of  all  the  ports  and  creeks  within  the  Bay 
of  Galway  to  the  Isles  of  Aran  :  whereupon  it  happened,  Anno  1629, 
John  Lynch  Fitz.-Richard  being  mayor,  that  the  judge  of  assizes 
fined  the  mayor  in  a  ioo''  for  not  attending  him  at  court;  whereof 
the  mayor,  having  notice,  came  to  court,  and  fined  the  judge8  200'-  for 
presuming  beyond  his  commission. 

The  mayor's  court  had  the  decision  of  any  sum  unlimited ;  and 
his  warrant  of  attachment  went  over  the  whole  province  of  Con- 
naught.  Four  of  them  died  the  year  of  their  mayoralty,  viz.,  Andrew 
Brown,  Anno  1574;  James  Darcy,  Anno  1603;  Robert  Martin, 
Anno  1622;  and  Marcus  Blake,  Anno  1629;  and  four  of  them  were 
deprived  of  their  mayoralty  for  recusancy,  inasmuch  as  their  con- 
sciences did  not  lead  them  to  take  the  oath  of  the  King's  absolute 
supremacy  over  the  Church,  viz.,  Oliver  Brown,  deposed  the  8th  of 
January,  16^-},  Sir  Valentine  Blake,  Baronet  (with  his  two  sheriffs, 
Andrew  Lynch  and  Thomas  Blake),  the  13th  of  Nov.  161 1;  Sir 
Peter  French,  Anno  1616,  being   fined'  in  a  hundred  pounds  ster. ; 

and 

s  Fined  the  judge — The  petulance  of  the  were  Jacob   and   Sparke,    see  Gratianus 

judge  has  often  been  known  to  lessen  the  Lucius,  p.  252. 

dignity  of  the  bench.    At  the  time  alluded  c  Fined.  —  These   fines   for    recusancy 

to,  "  Assizes"  were  of  recent  introduction  must   be  considered   severe,  when   com- 

in  the  west  of  Ireland  ;  and  our  doughty  pared  with  those  imposed  on  the  citizens 

mayor    considered   himself  fully    on    an  of  Dublin  at  that  period.     InA.D.  161 3, 

equality  with  the  petulant  judge.      For  the  commissioners    appointed  to  inquire 

ludicrous  anecdotes  of  two  of  these  old-  into  "  general  grievances,"  in  their  report 

going   "  judges  of  assize,"  whose  names  to  the  King  (a  curious  historical  document, 


38 

and  Oliver  Martin  deposed  after  his  election,  the  27th  September. 
1632. 

The  aldermen  were  chosen  at  evening,  the  last  of  Julv.  bv  the 
mayor,  recorder,  and  aldermen  who  bore  office  only,  at  which  time 
one  or  two  were  supplyed  for  election  yearly,  in  place  of  the  mayor 
afore  elected,  and  aldermen  deceased.  The  next  day  they  went  to 
election  by  the  major  vote  of  the  mayor,  aldermen,  and  burg' 
only;  until  in  the  year  1624,  all  freemen  were  made  capable  to  vote  ; 
whereby  Robert  Blake  Fitz-Walter  was  chosen,  who  was  the  first 
mayor  not  questioned  for  recusancy  for  thirty  years  before.  Their 
order  of  precedency  was, —  1,  the  mayor;  2,  recorders;  3,  baronets 
and  knights ;  4,  aldermen  who  were  mayors ;  5,  sheriffes ;  6.  the 
captain  of  the  young  men ;  7,  aldermen  in  election  ;  8,  chamberlain  ; 
9,  esquires  and  counsellors  at  law ;  1  o,  burgesses  that  did  underg<  >e 
office ;   11,  the  rest  according  to  their  age  and  calling. 

Saint  Francis'  Abbey  by  the  river  on  the  north  side  of  the  town, 
was  founded,  Anno  1296,  by  Sir  William  Bourk"  (Lord  Warden  of 

Ireland. 

never  published)  stated,  that  "  the  laws  and,  instead  of  idle  and  scandalous  ruinis- 

in  force  for  maintenance  of  God's  true  re-  ters,  to  place  those  that  are  learned  and 

ligion  are  in  very  few  places  put  in  due  painful." — Rot.  Pat.  1 6  Jac.  I.  p.  3,  N 
execution,  in  regard  that,  in  the  country  u  Sir  William  Bowk — Roger  (J'Ff  rrall, 

and  corporate  townes,  with  great  difficulty  in  his  curious  Book  of  Genealogies,  pre- 

is  to  be  found  any  jury  that  will  present  served   in   the    Office   of  Anns.   Dublin, 

recusants;  and  in  the  city  ofWaterford,  gives  the  following  account  of  the  founder:- 

the  laws  for  religion  cannot  be  executed :"  of  this  family:  "Richard  D'Buri: 

and  they  recommended  "  a  constant  course  elder,  son  of  William  Fitz-Adelm.  called 

to  be  held  in  execution  of  the  laws,  for  by  the  Irish  (for  a  distinction  between 

compelling  his  Majesty's  subjects  to  at-  him  and  his  younger  brother,  Richard  the 

tend  the  preaching  of  the  word,  and  hear-  younger,  ancestor   to   the  Earls  of  Clan- 

ing  of  divine  service — for  suppressing  of  rickard),  lilac   na  Cunoaoipe  Saranajie 

Popish  schools — establishment  of  school-  — the  English  countesse's  son.  was  Lord 

masters — weeding   out  Popish    priests —  Justice  of  Ireland,  A.  D.  1227,  and  Lord  of 


39 


Ireland,  Anno  1308),  there  interred,  Anno  1324.  He  was  brother's 
son  to  the  above  Walter  Earl  of  Ulster,  and  ancestor  of  the  Bourks 
of  Mayov  county. 

Our  Lady's  Church,  on  the  west  side  of  the  river,  was  a  small 
chappell  of  old  belonging  to  the  Premonstratences'  Abbey  of  Tuam  ; 
wherein  stood  a  statue  of  our  blessed  Lady,  much  frequented  by  the 
devotion  of  the  people.  The  Premonstratences  granted  the  place  to 
St.  Dominick's  Order  of  Athenry ;  who  founded  there  a  convent  of 

St. 


Connaught;  which  last  title  (some  say)  he 
acquired  in  right  of  his  wife  Una,  or 
Agnes,  daughter  of  Hu.  O'Connor,  King 
of  Connaught  (by  Ranalt  his  wife,  daugh- 
ter of  Awley  O'Ferrall,  King  of  Con- 
macny,)  son  of  Cathal  Crovdhearg,  King 
of  Connaught,  and  of  TTlop,  or  Maud 
O' Bryan,  his  Queen.  He  had  by  his  said 
wife  Agnes,  two  sons,  Walter  and  William. 
The  latter  was  ancestor  to  the  Lord  Vis- 
count Mayo,  and  the  rest  of  the  Burkes  of 
the  Co.  Mayo,  whose  chiefs  were,  after 
him,  called  M' William  Eighter."  The 
son  of  this  last  named  William,  was  "  Sir 
William  Burke,  Lord  Warden,"  mentioned 
in  the  text.    See  also  Lodge,  vol.  ii.  p.  1 26. 

v  Bourkes  of Mayo.— John  Smyth  "De 
Burgh,"  eleventh  Earl  of  Clanricarde,  in 
the  "  Pedigree  of  De  Burgh,"  prefixed  to 
his  edition  of  the  Memoirs  and  Letters  of 
(his  "  dead  ancestor,"  as  he  called  him) 
Ulick,  Marquiss  of  Clanricarde,  fol.  Lond. 
1757,  states  that  Sir  William  Burke, 
"  Lord  Warden,"  had  seven  sons,  viz., 
"  Ulick,  his  successor,  Sir  Edmond,  ances- 
tor to  the  Lord  Viscount  Mayo,  Richard, 


Sir  Redmond,  Sir  Thomas,  made  Lord 
Treasurer  of  Ireland  the  17  th  of  July, 
1 3  3 1 ,  John  de  Burgo,  made  Archbishop 
of  Tuam  in  1341,  who  died  in  1350,  and 
Henry." — Pedigree,  p.  x.  For  all  this  the 
noble  editor  has  adduced  no  authority, 
possibly  considering  his  own  assertion 
sufficient.  What  relates  to  John,  how- 
ever, is  evidently  incorrect  (see  Harris's 
Ware,  vol.  i.  p.  612),  and  much  of  the  re- 
mainder is  very  doubtful.  Lodge,  who 
has  merely  copied  the  Memoir,  pretends 
to  correct  the  error  as  to  John,  by  making 
him  father  of  the  Archbishop.  O'Ferrall, 
in  his  book  before  quoted,  omits  "Ulick 
his  successor,"  and  says  that  Sir  Edmond 
{called  Albanagh)  was  the  first  son,  and 
then  names  Richard,  John,  and  Philip 
only  :  but  O'Ferrall  does  not  refer  to  any 
authority.  I  mention  these  discrepancies 
here  merely  to  direct  attention  to  them, 
and  to  refer  the  reader  to  Mac  Firbis's  Irish 
Pedigrees,  as,  perhaps,  superior  authority 
on  these  subjects.  History  requires  that 
the  descent  of  so  important  a  family  should 
be  rendered  as  clear  and  perfect  as  possible. 


4Q 


St.  Dominick's  Order".  Fa.  Daniel  Nolan,  Pryor  of  this  convent, 
Anno  1672,  deceased;  Anno  1669,  built  there  a  large  chappell,  and 
covered  it  with  brick. 

Margaret  Athy,  the  wife  of  Stephen  Lynch  (Fitz-Dominick  Duffe), 
mayor  of  Galway,  Anno  1506,  in  the  absence  of  her  husband  on  a 
voyage  beyond  sea,  built  the  Abbey  of  St.  Augustin's  Order  of 
Hermitsx,  on  the  hill  the  south  side  of  the  town. 

St.  Bridget's  Hospitall  on  the  east  side  of  the  town,  was  built  by 
the  corporation,  Anno  1542.  Thomas  Lynch  Fitz-Stephen  being  a 
mayor,  and  a  maid  servant  of  one  of  the  burgesses,  by  their  turns, 
handsomly  attired,  with  a  plate  cup  in  her  hand,  every  Sunday  about 
dinner  time,  visited  all  the  houses  in  town  to  collect  almesy  for  it. 

Among  the  founders  of  pious  works,  Margaret  Joyce  Fitz-John. 
the  wife  of  alderman  Oliver  Og  French,  159$,  mayor,  is  not  to  be 

omitted  : 


w  St.  Dominick's  Order For  an  ac- 
count of  this  convent,  see  Hilernica  Do- 
minicana,  p.  322. 

*  Order  of  Hermits The  clergy,  both 

regular  and  secular,  were  formerly  well 
endowed  and  supported,  and  at  all  times 
obeyed  and  respected  by  the  community,  as 
well  here  as  in  every  other  part  of  Ireland. 
"  Sacerdotes  apud  illos  magnam  obtinent 
dignitatem,"  says  Stanihurst,  De  Rebus 
Hib.  p.  49,  A.  D.  1584.  See  also  Roth's 
Analecta,  p.  160;  and  O'Sullivan's  Hist 
Cathol.  fol.  227.  Of  this  we  have  the 
following  further  unequivocal  testimony, 
in  "  The  Image  of  Ireland"  by  John  Der- 
rick, London,  1581  ;  reprinted,  in  Scott's 
valuable  edition  of  "  Sowers'  Tracts" 
4to.  Lond.  1 809  :  "  Friers  have  cheefest 
and  hiest  roomes  at  feastes  amongst  the 


Irishrie,    and   why  should  not    we    _ 
them  like  honour  at  the  gallon  es." — vuL  i. 
p.  589. 

y  Almes. — Soon  after  this  period  it  be- 
came necessary  to  obtain  the  royal  li< 
to  "collect  almes."   In  the  reign  of  Jan.-  - 1. 
the  learned  antiquary  Stowe,  at  the  ag 
eight)-  years,  obtained  license,  by  l<  I 
patent,  to  ask  alms  for  the  space  of  twelve 
months,  for  his   subsist en  %  '.     In  Ireland 
such  licenses  were  frequent.      On   20th 
August,    A.  D.    161 8,    Ellin    Daniel,    of 
Yousrhall,    obtained    license    under    the 
King's  letters,  to  a~k  charitable  ben 
lence  for  two  years,  to  relieve  herself,  and 
to  redeem  her  husband  who  was  taken  by 
pirates  at  sea,  and  sold  to  the  Turk^ — 
Rot.  Pat.  16  Jac.  I.  p.  3,  Xo.  20. 


4i 


omitted :  who  for  charity  and  good  commonwealth's  sake  built  se- 
verall  stone  bridges2  through  all  Connaught,  from  Galway  to  Sligoe. 
One  day  as  she  sat  by  the  work  of  a  bridge,  an  eagle  let  fall  a  golden 
ring  with  a  precious  stone  (not  known  to  any  lapidary)  into  her 
bosom,  preserved  still  by  her  posterity3. 

The  town  of  Gallway  was  besieged  the  8th  of  July,  1 651,  by  the 
forces  of  the  Parliament  of  the  Commonwealth  of  England,  under 
the  conduct  of  Sir  Charles  Cootb,  Earl  of  Montrath.     The  siege  con- 
tinued 


z  Bridges The  bridges  of  Ireland,  as 

well  before  as  since  the  arrival  of  the  Eng- 
lish, their  materials  and  form,  when  and 
by  whom  erected,  and  the  historic  facts 
connected  with  them,  would  form  an  in- 
teresting subject  of  antiquarian  research. 
Those  ancient  structures  have  been  alto- 
gether overlooked  by  our  published  wri- 
ters ;  for,  the  few  imperfect  remarks  con- 
tained in  the  publications  of  the  Royal 
Dublin  Society,  called  "  Statistical  Sur- 
veys," are  undeserving  of  notice.  The 
Annals,  however,  would  furnish  some  an- 
cient information  ;  and  much,  of  a  more 
recent  date,  would  be  found  among  our 
state  and  legal  records.  It  is  therefore 
hoped,  that  the  subject  may  be  considered 
worthy  the  attention  of  some  of  the  learned 
members  of  the  Irish  Archa3ological  So- 
ciety. See  Lynch,  in  Vita  Kirovani, 
pp.  43,  4 :  beginning,  "  In  multa  laude 
quondam  pontium  extructio  posita  fuit, 
nee  ultima  pontificum  cura  fuisse  videtur 
iis  condendis  incumbere,  cum  a  pontibus 
faciendis  Varro  Pontificis  nomen  deducat." 
After  which  the  author  mentions,  that 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5. 


Bishop  Kirwan  built  several  bridges  in 
Connaught  at  his  own  expense ;  and  re- 
lates a  circumstance  which  occurred  be- 
tween him  and  William  Daniel,  Arch- 
bishop of  Tuam  (the  translator  of  the  New 
Testament  into  Irish),  no  way  discreditable 
to  the  memory  of  that  learned  prelate. 

a  Posterity This  story  may,  in  all  pro- 
bability, be  attributed  to  some  inventive 
genius  of  the  Joyce  family.  That  such 
an  exemplary  lady,  however,  did  exist, 
and  that  she  was  humane  and  charitable, 
and  even  that  she  did  build  bridges  in  her 
day,  are  all  very  probable ;  but  "  the  eagle," 
and  the  "  golden  ring,"  and  the  "  precious 
stone  not  known  to  any  lapidary"  may 
safely  be  left  to  be  "  preserved  still  by  her 
posterity."  Stanihurst,  A.  D.  1576,  has 
handed  down  a  similarly  fabulous  account 
of  another  "  chast  widow,  a  politike  dame, 
a  bountifull  gentlewoman,  called  Rose  of 
Rosse  ;"  for  which  see  Holinshed,  vol.  vi. 
Lond.  ed.  1808,  p.  30.  See  also  note  to 
the  Statute  of  Kilkenny,  p.  58. 

b  Sir  Charles  Coot.— On  the  1 2  th  May, 
1 645,  he  was  appointed  Lord  President  of 
G 


42 


tinued  40  weeks,  till  the  15th  day  after  the  solar  eclipse,  it  was 
surrendredc  by  consent  of  the  King's  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland,  the 
1 2th  of  Aprill,  1652,  next  day  after  Palm  Sunday,  on  certain  articles ; 
by  which  they  were  to  enjoy  their  estates  in  town  and  liberties  with- 
out diminution,  and  two-thirds  of  their  estates  abroad,  with  as  full 
liberty  to  trade  at  home  and  abroad  as  other  English  subjects  had, 
and  not  pay  taxes  but  in  proportion  with  their  neighbours. 

The  Bayd  of  Galway  whereunto  the  rivers  fall,  was  called  of  old 

Lough 


Connaught,  "  by  consent  of  Parliament." 
See  his  patent,  with  the  sanguinary  in- 
structions (which,  though  acted  upon, 
were  never,  I  believe,  published),  inrolled 
on  "Cromwell's  Rolls,"  No.  i,  Menib.  7, 
in  the  Rolls  Office,  Dublin. 

c  Surrendred. — "Many  were  amazed  to 
see  upon  what  easie  terms  they  parted 
with  their  last  important  town,  a  place  of 
great  strength,  and  had  they  been  re- 
solute, invincible." — Borlace,  301.  This 
writer,  if  any  thing  related  by  him  can 
be  believed,  adds,that  it  was  surrendered 
"  without  so  much  as  consulting  the  Lord 
Deputy,  or  asking  his  leave,  though  he 
was  within  less  than  half  a  day's  journey." 
Our  author  above  contradicts  this  state- 
ment; but  that  there  were  traitors  within 
the  walls,  appears  from  a  state  letter 
which  will  be  found  in  the  Additional 
Notes  hereto. 

d  Bay. — This  bay  is  remarkable  for  one 
of  the  most  considerable  fishing  colonies 
in  Ireland,  whose  village,  the  Claddagh,  is 
situate  near  the  town,  on  the  west  bank 
of  the  river.     The  spot  is  supposed,  witli 


every  probability,  to  have  been  occupied  as 
a  fishing  station,  since  the  first  peopling 
of  this  island.     That  it  was  so  in  the  jift/t 
century  of  Christianity,  appears  from  the 
life  of  St.  Endeus,  compiled  from  ancient 
authorities,  by  A.  Mac  Raiden,  about  A.  I). 
1390,  and  published  by  Colgan  in  A.  D. 
1645.      See  Acta    S.  S.    p.  709.    s.  xxiv. 
"  Post  hajc  venit  S.  Endeus  in  terram,  quae 
Medraighe   dicitur."     Thi<   place  i^  now 
called  Madree.    It  is  a  peninsula  running 
about  five  miles  in  a  direct  line  into  the 
bay  of  Galway,  to  the  south  of  the  town  : 
s.  xxv.   "  Veniens  post  ha;c  S.  Endeus  ad 
mare,  videns  ibi  p'srotores,   (jua^sivit  ab 
eis prose  et  suis,  pisces,  Qui  respond 
dixerunt  :  pisces  ad  nos  a  mari  d    A 
venerunt,  et  tibi  concedimus  ill   - 
Aram/  capere,  et  habere,  ct   tu  nos  hie 
permitte  maris  nostri  habere  pisces.     Au- 
diens  hoc  responsum  malorum.  unus  puer 
motus   spiritu   Dei,    dixit;  unum   habeo 
piscem,  quem  mihi  Deus  ministravit,  et 

tibi   eum    concedo Exiens  hide 

S.  Pater  Endeus,  pervenit  ad  portttn 
dirigit  ad  stagnum   nomine  Orl>sen,  et  ro- 


43 

Lough  Lurgan ;  and  Lough  Lurgan  was  counted  one  of  the  three 
most  ancient  lakes  of  Ireland.  Lough-fordremon  in  Kerry,  and  Lough 
Kera  in  Mayo  County,  being  the  two  other.  •  It  is  seaven  leagues  from 
Galway  to  the  lies  of  Aran,  westward,  and  a  league  eastward  on 
the  south  side  of  Galway.  It  divides  the  county  of  Clare  on  the 
south,  from  Moycullin  Barony  on  the  north  of  it,  three  leagues 
asunder.  In  this  haven,  Lugad  Mac-con,  with  a  fleet  of  forreigners, 
arrived,  Anno  D.  250 ;  and  became  King  of  Ireland,  by  killing  of 
Art,  King  of  Ireland  in  battle6,  about  Athenry,  eight  miles  from 
Galway. 

Eastward  from  the  lies  of  Aran  to  Slimhead,  are  seaven  leagues 
of  sea  on  the  south  side  of  the  barony  of  Balinahinsy,  and  on  the 
north  side  of  Kerry,  and  the  bay  of  Lymerick  in  a  spacious  distance. 
On  all  this  western  coast  from  Galway  to  Slimhead,  the  4th  of  Febr. 
i68|,  upon  breaking  of  the  long  continued  frosty  weather,  the  night 
before  being  Sunday,  there  was  such  a  deale  of  eels,  congers,  and 

gurnards, 

gavit  Deum,  ut  propter  merita  istius  pu-  imhe.  For  an  account  of  this  famous 
eri  ibi  nati,  qui  piscern  sibi  dederat,  copia  battle,  see  our  author's  Ogggia,  p.  327. 
piscium  ibi  esset."  The  harbour  which  The  plain  on  which  it  was  fought,  and  on 
directs  to  the  lake  named  Orbsen,  accu-  which  as  on  Aghrim,  a  kingdom  was  lost 
rately  points  out  the  site  of  the  Claddagh  and  won,  is  well  known.  Even  the  par- 
fishing  village,  where  the  boy  who  gave  ticular  place  where  Art  was  killed,  be- 
his  fish  to  Endeus,  was  born, — ibi  nati.  tween  the  castles  of  Moyveola  and  Kilcor- 
This  is  the  oldest  known  reference  to  it  nan,  is  still  pointed  out  by  the  same  name, 
extant.  The  language,  and  most  probably  Turloch  Airt,  as  in  the  days  of  our  author, 
the  manners,  of  this  singular  colony,  have  It  would  be  creditable  to  the  proprietor 
undergone  no  change  since  the  days  of  St.  of  the  soil  here,  whoever  he  may  be,  to 
Endeus,  now  nearly  1400  years  ago.  mark  this  classic  spot  with  a  suitable  ino- 

For  "  Lough  Lurgan"  and  the  "  county  nument.    It  might,  moreover,  afford  a  few 

of  Clare"  mentioned  above,  see  the  Addi-  days'  employment  and  food  to  some  of  the 

tional  Notes  hereto.  starving   inhabitants    of  the   neighbour- 

e  Battle The  battle  of  Magh  Mucru-  hood. 

G2 


44 
gurnards,  some  quick,  some  dead,  cast  ashore  every  where  for  seve- 
rall  days,  so  as  the  like  was  not  seen  in  the  memory  of  any  man 
before ;  yet  the  sea  was  not  frose.     The  ocean  towards  the  west  hath 
no  limits  nearer  than  America. 

From  Slimehead  seven  leagues  to  Bofinf ,  northward ;  and  thence 
to  Koelshaly  Roe,  the  western  ocean  flows  between  the  Owles  in  the 
county  of  Mayo,  and  the  north  side  of  the  barony  of  Ballynahinsy. 
Full  moon  at  four  o'clock  thirty  minutes,  causes  high  water  in  all 
these  western  coasts.  So  much  of  the  borders  of  West  C'onnaught, 
whence  now  to  the  continent. 

The  half  barony  of  Rosseg,  commonly  called  Joyce  Countrey  from 

a  Welsh 


f  Bofin Koelshaly-roe. — The  Owles. — 

Bonn  island  will  be  found  noticed  further 
on.     Koelshaly-roe,  in  Irish,  Caol  fade 
puao,   means  the  narrow  reddish  brine  ; 
but  now  corruptly  pronounced  Caol  f  aipe 
puao,  which  has  no  meaning.     This  was 
occasioned  by  substituting  the  letter  p  for 
I,  in  the  word  paile  ;  and  from  the  Irish 
mal-pronunciation,    the    place    has   been 
called  in  English  the  "  Killary."     This  is 
a  well  known  strait,  or  inlet  of  the  ocean, 
much  celebrated  by  modern  tourists, which 
divides  the  barony  of  Ballinahinch,  or  Co- 
namara,  in  the  county  of  Gal  way,  from  the 
barony  of  Murrisk,  in  the  county  of  Mayo. 
It  is  again  alluded  to  towards  the  end  of 
this  treatise.     The  Owles  are  the  present 
baronies  of  Murrisk  and  Borrishoole,  in 
the  county  of  Mayo.       They   are   again 
mentioned  further  on,  in  our  author's  de- 
scription of  the  barony  of  Ballinahich. 

s  Rosse. — Joyce  Countrey Shoyes 

T2op,  translated  promontorium  by  Colgan, 


Acta  SS.   p.  603,  n.  1 1 ;    and  nemus    by 

O'Sullevan,    Hist.  Cathol.  fol.  188.      The 
former  meanim  rally  bears  in  the 

north,  and  the  latter  in  the  south  of  Ire- 
land.    My  learned  friend  Mr.  O' Donovan 
informs  me,  that   in  a  note  from  Wi 
MSS.  in  Nomenclat  Ilik  MS.  by  Arch - 
dall,  it  is  translated  bosau,  a-'R'f  oa  Ion, 
i.  e.  nemus  duarum  merularum  ;  and  that 
in   Cormac's  Glossary   it    is    interpr 
piobuioe,  a  wood.     It  enter?  largely  intu 
the  names  of  places  in  Ireland.      Our  ba- 
r<  my  was  named  from  the  old  castle  of  1  - 
which  was  itself  so  called  from  the   land 
on  which  it  stood,  on  tb 
Lough  Measg.    It  was  originally  a  bai 
but  before  our  author's  time  was  reduced  to 
a  half  barony.    See  Appendix  L    A  docu- 
ment entitled  the  "  Division  ofConnaught," 
dated  A.  D.  1586,  preserved  in  the  Cotton 
Lib..  British  Museum,  places  the  barony  of 
Rosse  in  the  county  of  Mayo,  and  states  it  to 
contain  "  the  Joyes.  Walshes  and  Partrish 


45 


a  Welsh  family  of  Yoes,  Joas,  or  Shoyes,  which  held  that  land  from 
the  O'Flaherties  (formerly  part  of  Partry-an-tslevy",  which  extended 
from  St.  Patrick's  Hill  in  the  Owles,  to  Lough  Orbsen),  hath  the 
barony  of  Balynahinsy,  Koelshaly  Roe,  and  the  Owles  on  the  west  of 
it,  and  by  a  high  ridge  of  mountaines  called  Formna-mor,  is  divided 
on  the  north  from  the  same  Owles.  From  that  mountain,  Bruin 
River,  falling  into  Lough  Measg,  separates  Partry  mountain  in  the 
barony  of  Kera,  from  Kilbridy'  townland,  the  north  side  of  Lough 

Measg, 


(Partry)  lands,  xii  myles  long  and  viii 
broad.  Mc.  Thomas  and  Mc.  Tybod  chief 
in  the  same  ;"  and  it  then  enumerates  the 
following  "  Gent,  and  their  castles,  viz., 
Mac  Thomas,  Castlekirke  ;  Murrogh  ne 
dow,  Ballynonagh  ;  Mc.  Envile,  Ballene- 
sleo  ;  Abbe  Mc.  Envile,  Cloynlaghell ; . 
Richard  Mc.  Moyler  Joy,  Castlenew." — 
Titus,  B.  xiii.  fo.  399.  Seethe  Additional 
Notes  for  further  particulars  of  Joyce 
Country  and  the  Shoyes. 

Partry-an-tslevy pcipcpaije    an 

c-r-leibe,  Partrigia  de  monte.  See  Harris's 
Ware,  vol.  ii.  p.  53.  In  this  district  of 
Partry  of  the  mountain,  the  Joyces  settled 
under  the  O'Flaherties  in  the  thirteenth 
century ;  and  here,  as  we  are  told  in  the  In- 
denture of  Composition,  A.  D.  1585,  the 
O'Flaherties,  at  some  former  time,  got 
"  eighteen  quarters  of  land  in  Ballynenagh 
(Baile  Inneonagk),  from  some  of  the  Boorks, 
as  is  said,  for  an  Kricke." — See  Appendix. 
Before  the  O'Flaherties,  or  their  tributa- 
ries the  Joyces,  settled  here,  O'Caocnn, 
O'Kyne  ;  O'Dopcuioe,  anglicized  Dorcey 
and  Darcey  ;  and  O'^opmog,  O'Gormog, 


were  the  ancient  chiefs  of  Partry  of  the 
Mountain.  St.  Patrick's  Hill. — A  remark- 
able conical  mountain  (within  view  of 
which  this  is  written)  in  the  barony  of 
Murrisk  and  county  of  Mayo ;  called  in 
Irish  Cpuac  phuopaic,  i.e.  the  "rick" 
(here  pronounced  reek)  or  "  stack"  of  Pa- 
trick ;  and  Cpuacan  aijli,  translated  by 
Colgan  in  Trias  Thaum.  p.  138,  col.  i, 
"  Mons  Aquilse,"  Mounteagle. 

1  Kilbridy Kilbride,   so    called  from 

the  chapel  of  St.  Bridget,  mentioned  im- 
mediately after.  By  letters  patent  of  King 
James  I.,  dated  30th  May,  A.  D.  1619, 
Rot.  Pat.  an.  160.  pars  2,  numerous  lands 
in  this  half  barony  of  Ross,  were  granted 
to  Edward  Grana  Joyce,  of  Kilbride, 
Gent.,  and  to  several  others  of  the  clan. 
This  grant,  although  many  other  per- 
sons were  included  in  it,  may  yet  be  con- 
sidered the  great  charter  of  the  Joyces, 
after  the  Indenture  of  Composition,  A.  D. 
1585,  contained  in  the  Appendix  I.  Of  the 
other  places  mentioned  in  the  above  para- 
graph, the  parish  of  Balynchala,  is  now 
called  Ballinacalla,  or  Ballincholla,  6uile 


46 


Measg,  in  the  half  barony  of  Rosse,  and  yet  belonging  to  the  parish 
of  Balynchala  on  the  south  side.  In  Kilbridy  there  is  a  chappell 
and  well  dedicated  to  St.  Bridget.  There  is  on  the  south  of  it  an 
arm  of  Lough  Measg,  which  shoots  into  the  countrev  westward 
about  four  miles  to  Glenntre[s]ky.  On  the  west  of  Kilbridy  townland 
is  Lough-na-fohy  Lake,  out  of  which  the  river  of  Gairge  comes  into 
that  arme  of  Lough  Measg. 

Within  that  arm  of  Lough  Measg  is  the  Earl's  Islandj,  where 
Edmond  Burk\  second  son  of  Richard  the  Red  Earl  of  Ulster,  Anno 
D.  1338,  was  put  to  death;  which  should  be  therefore  rather  called 

the 

an  Chala,  the  townland  of  the  Callow, 
anciently  Cala  Coca  TTIeapja.  The  cha- 
pel dedicated  to  St.  Bridget  is  now  in 
ruins.  It  gave  name  to  the  townland  of 
Kilbride,  on  which  it  stands.  The  well, 
called  Cpo  bni  joe,  is  near  it ;  and  also 
another  "holy"  well  called Cobap  TTIhuipe. 
Glenntreshy,  ^jleann  Cpeipje,  is  named 
Glantrague  in  Larkin's  map  of  the  county 
of  Galway.  Lough  nafohy,  Goc  na  Peo- 
raio,  is  now  called  Lough  na  feoy,  and  is 
in  the  parish  of  Ross.  Gairge,  ^aipje, 
river  is  now  called  the  Finney. 

i  The  Earl's  Island. — It  is  still  known 
by  the  same  name,  Oilean  an  lapla.  It 
lies  in  that  arm  of  Lough  Mask  which 
runs  up  to  Toorluggach,  in  the  parish  of 
Ross. 

k  Edmond  Burk i.  e.   De  Burgo,  De 

Burgh,  Bourke,  Burke,  but  seldom  Burk, 
as  written  by  our  author.  The  Earl  of 
Clanricarde,  in  the  "  Pedigree  of  De 
Burgh"  before  referred  to,  p.  39,  notev, 
has  omitted  the  above  historical  fact  of 


the  murder  of  this  unfortunate  nobleman. 
In  Lodge's  Peerage  of  Ireland,  the  man- 
ner  in  which   it   was  perpetrated  is  told 
correctly  enough  ;  but,  as  often  occurs  in 
that  work,  an  error  is  committed  1  ij  stat- 
ing, that  "  the  stone  was  fixed  about  his 
neck  by  his  kinsman,  Edward  Buurk  .V 
William." — See  vol.  i.   p.  121.     By   this 
"  kinsman"  was  probably  meant  Sir  Ed- 
mond Albaruich,  for  whom  see  p.  39.  n<. 
but   that   he   did   not   immediately    per- 
petrate the  deed,  appears  from  the  above 
narrative,  which   carries   with  it  all   the 
marks  of  truth.    I  find  no  trace  on  record 
of  any  commission  appointing  this  Edmond 
Burke,  conjointly  with  the  Archbishop  of 
Tuam,  to  the  government  of  Con  naught, 
as  mentioned  by  our  author;  but  d 
of  our  records  have  been  lost  since  their 
time.     For  further    particulars    of   him, 
and  his  father,  the  Red  Earl,  and  al- 
the  family  of  Xolan,  for  many  years  lo- 
cated at  Balinrobe  mentioned  abov... 
the  Additional  Notes. 


47 

the  Earl's  Son's  Island.  But  the  male  line  of  that  house  being,  all 
to  him,  extinct,  most  likely  he  was  reputed  and  commonly  called 
Earl  of  Ulster;  there  being  but  one  girle,  then  about  seven  years 
old,  his  nephew  William,  Earl  of  Ulster's  daughter,  after  Dutchess 
of  Clarence,  apparent  heir  generall.  During  whose  nonage,  Edmond 
was  joyned  in  commission  with  Malachias,  Arch-Bishoppe  of  Tuam, 
for  the  government  of  Connaught ;  until  he  was  seized  upon  by  Sir 
William  Bourk,  aforementioned,  his  sons,  on  Low  Sunday,  the  19th 
of  Aprill,  in  the  Fryer's  house  of  Balinrobe  ;  Roger  de  Flet,  Senes- 
chall  of  Connaught,  and  Nicholas  Lienot1,  and  other  nobles  of  his 
company,  being  killed  on  the  place.  He  was  that  night  carried  to 
Lough  Measg  Castle,  the  next  night  to  Ballyndeonaghm  Castle,  and 
the  third  night  to  that  island  on  Lough  Measg ;  whither  the  Arch- 
Bishope  of  Tuam  came  to  bring  him  and  his  kinsmen  to  a  reconcili- 
ation :  and  as  they  were  on  points  of  agreements,  the  villains  who 
had  the  custody  of  his  body,  a  certain  family  of  the  Stantons",  dis- 

pairing 

1  Lienot. — Mac  Firbis,  in  his  account  of  Wales,  book  vi. 
the  Welsh  tribes  contained  in  the  Book  of  m  Ballyndeonagh. — Called  Ballynonagh 
Hy  Fiachrach,  states  that  the  Lienots,  or  in  the  document  of  A.  D.  1586,  before 
Lynotts,  a  family  long  settled  in  Tirawly  quoted,  p.  44,  note  E.  This  castle  still 
in  Mayo,  came  to  Ireland  with  the  de-  retains  its  ancient  name.  It  stands,  in 
scendants  or  followers  of  the  Red  Earl  of  ruins,  on  the  townland  of  Cappagh  na 
Ulster:  "Gionoioij  00  ceucc  1  n-Gpinn  gapple,  alias  Petersburgh,  near  the  de- 
le r-tioce  an  lapla  piiaio."     That  part  of  mesne  of  Eoss. 

the  book  alluded  to  concludes  with  the  n  The  Stantons. — Among  the  "Engly she 

narrative  of  a  barbarous  occurrence  which  greate  rebelles  of  Connaught,"  A.  D.  15x5, 

took  place  between  the  Barretts  of  Ti-  were  "  Syr  Myles  Stauntons  sonnes,"  i.  e. 

rawly  and  those  Lynotts,  which  strongly  his  descendants. — S tate  Papers,  vol.  ii.  part 

marks  the  ferocity  of  these  Welsh  adven-  Hi.,  p.  26.  A  branch  of  this  family  of  Staun- 

turers,  as  well  as  the  uncivilized  state  of  ton,  in  Irish  Stondun,   settled  in  Mayo 

the  times.     For  barbarity  similar  to  that  County,  under  the  "  Red  Earl;"  chiefly  in 

there   recorded,   see   Wynne's  History  of  the  territory  afterwards  called  the  barony 


48 


pairing  their  own  safety  if  he  were  set  at  liberty,  miserably  turned  him 
into  a  bag,  and  cast  him  out  of  the  island  into  the  lake,  with  stones 
tyed  to  the  bag;  for  which  fact  they  were  called  Clan  Ulcin  ever  since. 
Hence  followed  great  combustions  and  wars0  in  Connaught  after. 
Of  this  Edmond  and  his  wife  Slany,  daughter  of  Tordellvac  O'Bryan, 
L.  of  Tuomond,  lineally  descended  the  lords  of  Castleconnell  and 
Bretas,  with  the  rest  of  the  county  of  Limerick  Burks. 

From  that  arm  of  Lough  Measg,  towards  Congp  and  Lough  Orb- 
sen,  for  three  miles  in  length,  and  three  half  miles  breadth,  there  is 

good 


of  Crossbohine,  or  Clanmorris.  After  the 
murder  of  Edmond  Burke,  most  of  them 
changed  their  name  to  M'Evilly,  TTDac  a 
mhilio,  the  son  of  the  knight.  In  A.  D. 
1585,  "MylyMc.EvilyofKinturk,  other- 
wise Mc.  Evilly,"  was  "chief  of  his  name." 
See  the  Mayo  Indenture  of  Composition, 
in  Appendix,  p.  331.  Several  of  the  M'Evil- 
lys  are  now  beginning  to  re-assume  the 
original  name.  There  are  at  present  in 
Mayo  several  families  of  the  name  of 
Culkin,  who  may  be  descended  from 
the  Clan  Ulcin  branch  of  the  Stauntons 
mentioned  above ;  but  this  is  mere  conjec- 
ture. 

0  Combustions  and  wars See  the  Annals 

of  the  Four  Masters,  at  A.  D.  1338.  The 
Annals  of  Clonmacnoise,  as  translated  by 
Conly  Mac  Geoghegan,  give  the  following 
account  of  these  "combustions  and  wars:" 
"  Edmond,  the  earle  of  Ulster's  son,  was 
taken  by  the  other  Edmond  Burke,  and  did 
putt  a  stone  about  his  neck,  and  afterwards 
did  throw  him  into  the  poole  of  Lough- 
measka ;  whereof  ensued  the  confusion  and 


destruction  of  the  English  of  Connought, 
and  of  their  own  family  of  Burk's :  which 
did  enable  Terlogh  O'Connor  to  take 
the  power  and  superiority  of  Connought, 
and  banished  Edmond  Mc.  William  Burk 
from  out  of  all  Connought,  destroyed  the 
spirituall  and  temporall  lands  of  all  tin- 
West  parts  of  Connought.  Edmond  Burke 
assembled  a  fleet  of  shipps,  barkes  and 
boats;  betook  himself  with  them  to  the 
islands  of  the  seas,  a  loner  time,  in  exile." 
This  last  passage  explains  a  subsequent  one 
in  the  Additional  Notes,  which  states,  that 
this  Edmond  was  twenty-two  years  in 
Scotland ;  whence  he  was  called  Albanach. 
or  the  Scot. 

p  Cong. — See  p.  7,  note  n.  And  for 
further  historical  notices  of  this  ancient 
place,  see  the  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters 
at  the  years  1114,27,  a8,  3-,  50,  68;  1201. 
23,  25,  26,  45,  47  ;  1590.  98.  Pococke,  the 
traveller,  has  stated,  that  the  >eat  of  Mr. 
Macnamara,  near  Cong,  was  the  most  de- 
lightfully situated  place  he  saw  in  the 
course  of  his  extensive  travels. 


49 

good  arable  land ;  in  which  line,  on  the  west  bank  of  Lough  Measg, 
lies  Ballyndeonagh  Castle  and  Rosse,  whence  the  half  barony  is 
named  ;  and  where  the  parish  churchq  of  Ross  parish  stands,  whereof 
St.  Brendanr  is  patron,  whose  feast  is  the  1 6th  day  of  May.  Ross 
parish  reaches  from  the  west  side  of  Lough  Measg,  and  by  the  fore- 
said arm  thereof,  to  the  western  borders  of  the  half  barony ;  but 
between  it  and  Lough  Orbsen  part  of  the  parish  of  Cong  runs5,  from 
the  river  of  Cong  on  the  east  of  it,  Lough  Orbsen  and  Moy-Cullin 
barony  on  the  south,  to  Imaire-an-Linain',  as  far  on  the  west  as  the 
parish  of  Ross  goes. 

This  river  of  Cong  is  the  confluent  of  divers  waters,  which 
springing  under  ground  from  the  south  side  of  Lough  Measg,  are 
divided  into  two  rivers  which  enter  into  the  earth  again,  till  they 
breake  out  in  one,  near  the  castle  and  abbey  of  Cong ;  and  about  a 
quarter  of  a  mile  thence,  in  a  deep,  narrow,  and  smooth  streame11, 
exonerates  itself  into  Lough  Orbsen,  having  the  barony  of  Kil- 
main  in  the  isthmus  between  it  and  Lough  Measg,  and  on  the 
east  of  it,  and  that  part  of  Cong  parish  in  the  half  barony  of  Ross 
on  the  west.      It  affords  good  store  of  salmon,    trouts,   and   eels. 

From 

q  Parish  church. — The  west  gable  and  description  here,  to  add,  that  the  portion 

part  of  the  north  and  south  walls  of  this  of  the  parish  of  Cong  which  lies  in   the 

church  are  ancient ;  the  remainder  of  the  county  of  Gal  way,  extends  along  the  north 

building  is  modern.  side  of  Lough  Corrib,  from  the  river  of 

1  St.  Brendan. — According  to  the  Four  Cong  to  the  head  of  the  lake. 

Masters,   St.  Brendan  died  on  i6th  May,  '  Imaire-an-Linain lomaipe    an  L\- 

A.  D.  576.  With  them  the  Annals  of  Ulster  onan,  i.  e.  the  ridge  of  Leenane,  the  boun- 

agree  ;  vide  Doctor  O'Conor's  Edition,  In  dary  of  Joyce  country.      See  this  place 

Scriptor.    Reritm  Hib.,    torn.   iii.  p.    171.  described  further  on  by  our  author. 

Tigernagh  correctly  states  it  at  A.D.  577.  u  Streame On  the  shore,  east  of  where 

Id.  torn.  ii.  p.  153,  where  see  also  Doctor  this  stream  flows  into  the  lake,  the  writer 

O'Conor's  note  thereon  (77).  found  Iceland,  or  double  refracting  spar, 

s  Runs It   may  assist   our  author's  in  great  quantity. 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5.  H 


5° 


From  hence  an  eelev  carryed  a  purse  of  13s-  4rf-  sterling,  and  a  knife, 
for  about  sixteen  miles  through  Lough  Orbsen,  till  it  was  catched  on 
the  river  of  Gal  way ;  which  thus  happened.  One  William  Mc.  Ghoill, 
a  fisherman  at  Cong,  lighted  on  a  good  eele ;  and  being  busie  about 
catching  more,  thrust  his  girdle  through  its  guill,  which  had  the 
purse  and  knife  on  it :  the  eele  by  chance  slides  into  the  river  with 
the  purse  and  knife. 

Six  miles  from  the  river  of  Cong  westward,  the  river  of  Du- 
waghtaw  enters  into  Lough  Orbsen  ;  and  five  miles  from  thence  to 

Belanambreac 


v  Eele. — This  story  of  the  eel,  knife,  and 
purse,  though  it  occurred  nearly  two  cen- 
turies ago,  is  still  told  by  old  people  in 
the  vicinity  of  Lough  Corrib. 

w  Duwaghta Belanambreac Boribo- 

nan. — Linan  Kinmara t)ubacca,  now 

called  Doughty.  This  river  is  in  the  parish 
of  Cong.  Belanambreac  river,  Ir.  6eal  oia 
na  m-bpeac,  Englished  Bellanabrack, 
falls  into  Lough  Corrib  at  Bonbonnain, 
opposite  Caiplean  na  Cipce,  or  the  Hen's 
Castle,  having  previously  received  the 
tribute  of  two  other  streams  mentioned  a 
little  further  on  by  our  author,  one  of 
which  he  calls  Failmir.  Bonbonan,  6on- 
bonnan,  or  perhaps  6ocan.  There  is  a 
neighbouring  mountain  of  the  name,  bor- 
dering the  lake  on  the  west.  Linain  Kin 
mara,  £fonan  Cinn  rhapa,  signifies  the 
head  of  the  sea,  or  the  extreme  point  to 
which  the  tide  reaches.  See  the  Annals  of 
the  Four  Masters,  at  A.  D.  1235,  for  an 
interesting  account  of  the  hostilities  car- 
ried on  in  that  year,  in  the  west  of  Ireland. 
The  occurrence  above  alluded  to  is  thus 


related:    "Cainic  can   Goo    ua   piair- 
beapcaij  ajup  feojan  ua  h-&6in  pluaj 
mop  ele  cimctall,  ajup  uprpai^e  leo. 
ap  na  ccappumj  co  Uonun  cino  rhapa." 
7c.  "  Hugh  O'Flaherty  and  Owen  O'l  1 
also  came  round  with  a   great   bod 
forces  ;  and  they  carried  boats  with  them 
to  Lionan  Cinn  MharaP      That   is,  they 
carried  them  from  Bonbonan,  the  mouth 
of  Belanabrack  river,  near  the  Hen's  Castle. 
for  about  seven  miles.    The  narrative  then 
goes  on  to  state,  that  these  boats   v. 
round  (by  the  Killary)  to   (  M  Iha. 

Clew  Bay  ;  and  that,  with  their  aid,  the 
English  were  enabled  to  commit  incre- 
dible slaughter  and  devastation  through- 
out the  numerous  islands  there.  It  would 
be  difficult  to  adduce  from  history  a  more 
signal  act  of  treachery,  than  that  of  the 
above  pair  of  renegades,  O'Flaherty  and 
O'Heyne.  The  former  died  within  the  en- 
suing year:  and  0*Heyne's  terr: 
soon  after  seized  and  his  people  reduced,  by 
the  English,  whom  he  assisted  on  that  oc- 
casion.     The  Annals  add,  that  O'Malley 


51 

Belanambreac  river,  which  falls  into  Bonbonan,  the  furthest  end  of 
the  lake. 

Imair-an-Linain,  antiently  Linan  Kinmara,  is  a  long  green  spot  of 
land  by  the  sea  of  Coelshaly  Ro,  whither  the  boats  of  Lough  Orbsen 
were  drawn  by  the  forces  of  West  Connaught  and  Hyfiaghry 
Aidhnex,  from  Bonbonann  to  the  sea,  for  five  miles,  Anno  1235,  to 
invade  the  sea  islands  there,  upon  an  expedition  into  the  Owles,  of 
Morice  Fitz  Geraldy,  Lord  Justice  of  Ireland,  Eichard  de   Burgo, 

Lord 


of  Unihall,  the  prince  of  the  "  Owles," 
stood  neuter  with  his  fleet.  Thus  the 
Irish  helped  to  subdue  one  another. 

x  Hyfiaghry  Aidhne. — Ui  PiacnacGio- 
ne.  This  was  the  lordship  of  O'Heyne. 
It  now  constitutes  part  of  the  present 
barony  of  Kill ar tan,  or,  as  formerly  called, 
Kiltarragh,  in  the  county  of  Galway,  and 
was  comprehended  within  the  diocese  of 
Kilmacduagh.  After  the  De  Burgos  sub- 
dued the  natives,  it  became  part  of  their 
extensive  territory  of  Clanrickard.  See 
the  Indenture  of  Composition  of  that  ter- 
ritory, A.  D.  1585,  in  Appendix  I. 

y  Maurice  Fitz  Gerald. —  Walter  Riddles- 
ford. —  However  lauded  this  Lord  Justice 
Fitzgerald  has  been  by  Anglo-Norman 
writers  and  heralds,  as  "  a  valiant  knight, 
a  very  pleasant  man,  inferior  to  none  in 
the  kingdom;  having  lived  all  his  life 
with  commendation," — Lodge,  i.  60,  Irish 
writers  paint  him  in  very  different  colours, 
see  the  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters,  A.D. 
1236,  and  Mac  Geoghegan's  translation  of 
the  Annals  of  Clonmacnoise,  at  the  same 
year:    "The  said  deputy  had  a  meeting 

H 


with  Felym  O'Connor,  at  Moynemoyne, 
and  being  there  mett,  the  deputie,  with  all 
his  forces  of  horse  and  foot,  rushed  on 
Felym  to  kill  him  and  his  people,  which 
Felym  seeing,  betook  himself  to  the  swift- 
ness of  his  feet,  and  so  held  on  untill  he 
came  to  Seysie."  This  attempt  at  assassi- 
nation, and  that  too  against  his  gossip  (for 
such  a  degree  of  relationship  appears  to  have 
subsisted  between  him  and  Felim),was  not 
a  very  "  valiant"  act.  But  he  was  more 
successful  at  Bealascanny  (Ballyshannon), 
in  A.  D.  1 247 — Id.  To  such  a  congenial 
spirit,  the  treachery  of  O'Flaherty  and 
O'Heyne,  before  related,  must  have  been 
acceptable.  The  ancient  Roll  of  Patents 
called  "  Antiquissime,"  preserved  in  the 
Rolls'  Office,  Dublin,  contains  two  grants 
of  considerable  possessions  to  Walter  de  Ri- 
delesford;  one  from  Earl  Richard  (Strong- 
bow),  "Vices  Regis  Anglie  in  Hibernia 
agens ;"  and  the  other  from  John  Earl  of 
Morton — Calendar.  Rot.  Pat.  p.  4,  No.  52, 
53.  The  above  was  a  family  expedition. 
Hugh  de  Lacy  was  married  to  the  daughter 
of  Walter  Riddlesford  ;  and  Walter,  the 
2 


52 

Lord  of  Connaught,  Hugh  de  Lacy,  Earl  of  Ulster,  the  Lord  Walter 
Riddlesford,  with  the  English  forces  of  Leinster,  and  the  Lord  John 
Cogan,  with  the  English  forces  of  Munster,  in  pursuit  of  a  party  of  the 
O'Connors,  belonging  to  Fedlim  O'Connor,  King  of  Connaught. 

The  barony  of  Moycullinz,  commonly  known  in  Irish  by  the 
names  of  Gnomore  on  the  North,  Gnobeg  on  the  South,  is  separated 
on  the  north  from  Joyce  Countrey  by  a  ridge  of  mountains  and 
Lough  Orbsen:  on  the  east  it  lyes  by  Lough  Orbsen  and  the  river 
of  Galway,  on  the  south  by  the  bay  of  Galway,  and  hath  Balynahinsy 
barony  on  the  west. 

On  the  north  side  of  the  river  of  Failmir,  and  another  river,  they 
both  meet  in  one  channell  before  they  come  into  Lough  Orbsen ; 
and  have  two  different  kindes  of  trouts,  which  come  from  the  lake  to 
the  common  channell;  and  they  are  seen  to  separatea  one  from 
another  as  they  goe  on  their  distinct  rivers,  so  as  the  kind  of  the  one 
is  never  found  on  the  other. 

The  river  of  Fuogh  falls  from  the  mountaines  through  steep  ro<     - 

till 

son  of  Richard  de  Burgo,  was  married  to  seven  Dealbhnas,  or  territorial  divia 

the   daughter    and   heiress   of  Hugh    de  of  which  there  were  rive  iu  Connaught — 

Lacy,  in  whose  right,  on  the  death  of  her  See  Doctor  O'Brien's  Irish  Dictionary,  im 

father,  A.  D.  1 243,  de  Burgo  became  Earl  voce   Dealbhna.     It  was    also  called  De- 

of  Ulster Lodge,  \.  1  zo.  albhna  Tire  da  loch,    Dealbhna,  cr  Del- 

z  Moycuttin. — This  name  some  have  sup-  vin  of  the  land  between  the  two  lakes,  viz.. 

posed  to  be  derived  from  lTIa^  Cuillinn,  Lough  Orbsen,  or  Corrib,   on  the  north, 

as  it  is  now  pronounced , which  means  the  and  Lough  Lurgan,  or  the  bay  of  Galway, 

field  or  plain  of  the  holly ;  but  our  author  on  the  south. — -Harris's  Ware,  ii.  49.    For 

has  elsewhere  given  its  true  derivation,  more  of  Moycullen,  and  of  Gnomore  and 

viz.,  maj5  LI  illinn,  the  field  of  Ullinn,  one  Gnobeg,  see  the  Additional  Notes  hereto, 
of  the  ancient  Tuatha  de  Danann  colony.  *  Separate.  —  This  -.paration  was  for- 

Seefurtheroninthistreatise,p.55,andalso  merly  believed,  but  the  "fishers  of  the 

his  Ogygia,  p.  180.     This  was  the  ancient  lake"  now  question  its  veracity. 
territory  of  Dealbhna  Feadha,  one  of  the 


53 


till  it  passes  by  the  castle  of  Fuogh"  to  Lough  Orbsen  eastward.  It 
was  commonly  called  Owan  Roimhe,  or  Brimstone  River.  The  oc- 
casion of  the  name  was  but  lately  discovered  by  an  extraordinary 
drought  of  weather,  An.  1666  and  1667,  wherein  there  was  brim- 
stone found  on  the  dry  stones  about  the  bridge  of  Fuogh.  On  this 
river  is  salmon  fishing ;  and  muscles  are  found  that  breede  pearles0. 
On  the  north  side  of  the  river,  not  far  from  the  bridge,  westward, 
was  discovered  by  revelation,  about  the  year  1654,  a  welld  in  honour 
of  St.  Michael,  archangel.  From  this  river  to  Galway,  above  twelve 
miles6,  there  is  indifferent  good  arable  land  by  the  lake  and  river  of 
Galway,  on  the  east  of  it,  and  the  mountaines  on  the  west,  be- 
tween it  and  another  tract  of  land  by  the  sea-side.  Near  Fuogh  is 
the  parish  church  of  Kilcumin,  and  St.  Cumin's  wellf,  where  he  is 

worshiped 


b  The  river — and  castle  of  Fuogh pua- 

raio.  This  river  flows  through  Ough- 
terard,  a  small  town  about  fourteen  miles 
north-west  of  Galway,  much  celebrated 
by  tourists.  Mr.  Inglis,  in  his  journey 
through  Ireland,  A.  D.  1834,  state, s  that 
"  this  straggling  little  village"  has  "  one  of 
the  prettiest  and  most  limpid  streams  in 
the  world  dancing  through  it."  This  is 
the  river  of  Fuagh ;  or,  as  it  is  sometimes 
called,  Owin  Riff,  in  Irish  Qbamn  Roib, 
or  the  sulphur  river.  Whenever  the 
river  runs  shallow,  sulphur  is  found  on 
the  stones  in  its  channel.  The  castle  is 
called  Nowghe  in  the  document  of  A.  D. 
1586,  mentioned  in  note  g,  p.  44.  It  stood 
on  a  natural  bridge  in  the  townland  of 
Fuogh  ;  but  was  pulled  down  some  years 
since  to  build  the  barrack  of  Oughterard. 
c  Pearles — They  are  still  found  here,  and 


often  of  a  large  size.  For  an  account  of  Irish 
pearls  see  Harris's  Ware,  vol.  ii.  p.  1 7  2 ;  and 
some  curious  papers  in  Trin.  Coll.  MS.  Lib. 

1. 1,  3- 

d  Well. — This  well  is  still  shewn. 

e  Twelve  miles. — It   is    reputed    to  be 
fourteen  Irish  miles;  but  as  before  ob- 
served, p.  6,  notek,  our  author  laid  down 
his  distances  by  the  long  Connaught  miles. 

f  Parish  church St.  Cumin's  well. — 

This  parish  is  bounded  on  the  north  by 
Joyce  Country;  on  the  east  by  Lough 
Corrib,  many  of  whose  islands  it  embraces ; 
on  the  south  by  the  parish  of  Killanin; 
and  on  the  west  by  the  parish  of  Moy- 
rus,  in  Conamara.  The  church  is  called 
in  Irish  Oil  Chuimin,  the  church  of  St. 
Cuimin,  who,  according  to  tradition,  was 
the  original  founder  of  the  parish.  No 
part   of  the   primitive   church    remains. 


54 


worshiped,  as  patron  of  the  parish,  [on  the  14th]  of  October.  Not 
far  from  thence  is  the  castle  and  mannour  of  Aghnenui  e?,  where  tin- 
salmon  comes  under  the  castle,  on  a  river  not  far  from  the  west  side 
of  Lough  Orbsen. 

The  next  parish  of  Gnomore  is  Kilanhin  parish ;  but  Kilanhin" 
parish  church  is  in  Gnobeg,  where  the  memory  of  St.  Anhin,V.,  is 
celebrated  the  18th  of  January;  and  where  her  well  is  frequented  on 
the  north-east  brink  of  Lough  Lonan'.  This  lake  lies  between 
Gnomore  and  Gnobeg,  on  an  island  wherof  is  the  castle  of  Ohery ; 
and  where  there  is  no  recourse  of  water  from  it  but  under  ground. 

Gnobeg  containes  the  parishes  of  Moycullin  and  RahunJ:  the 

three 


The  present  building,  which  occupies  its 
site,  is  comparatively  modern.  It  is  situ- 
ate about  a  mile  east  of  Oughterard.  The 
well,  cobap  Chuimin,  is  near  it,  and  is 
held  in  great  veneration.  The  people, 
Avhen  passing  it,  take  off  their  hats,  and 
bow  respectfully  in  memory  of  the  holy 
man  whose  name  it  bears,  and  whose  me- 
mory is  "  worshipped,"  i.  e.  celebrated 
here.     See  p.  23,  note f. 

zAghnenure. — Irish,  CIcao  na  n-luban, 
the  field  of  the  yews.  One  only  of  these 
ancient  yews  now  remains.  It  is  growing 
west  of  the  castle,  and  is  supposed  to  have 
seen  at  least  a  thousand  years,  but  it  is 
at  present  evidently  decaying.  The  castle, 
of  which  a  considerable  part  remains,  is 
situate  near  the  brink  of  Lough  Corrib, 
about  two  miles  east  of  Oughterard.  For 
an  interesting  description  of  it,  by  that 
excellent  antiquary,  who  has  done  so  much 
for  our  national  literature,  George  Petrie, 
Esq.,   see  the  Irish  Penny  Journal,  -fto. 


Dub.  1 841,  p.  1. 

h  KUankin — CiU  Gincinn,  the  church 
of  St.  Anhin.  Her  well,  Cobup  Clinrinn. 
is  near  it,  and  appears  marked  on  Larkin's 
large  map.  I  have  not  met  with  any  his- 
torical account  of  this  saint.  'What  Lb  given 
above  is  probably  from  ancient  tradition. 

'  Lough  Lonan — Castle  of  Ohery. — The 
name  Lonan  is  not  known  at  present.  The 
lough  is  now  called  the  lake  of  Ross.  The 
castle  of  Ohery  stood  on  an  island  in 
Lough  Lonan.  In  A.  I).  1585.  it  be- 
longed to  Jonick  OTIalorane. — Appen- 
dix I.  In  the  same  year,  "Teige  MFyn- 
nine  O'Hallorau  of  Olf  I  seventy 

years,  deposed  that  lie  was  driven  out  of 
his  castles  and  lands  by  his  kinsman 
Moroghe  ne  doo  (O'Flaherty),  since  which 
time  be  dwelt  in  Clanricard." — Orig.  Re- 
cord, Eolls"  Office.  Ohery  is  now  reduced 
to  a  small  portion  of  ruins. 

J  Parishes  of  Moycullin  ami  Rahun 

This  parish  of  Moycullin  extends  in  length 


55 

three  first  parishes  ly  in  length  from  Lough  Orbsen  to  the  bay  of 
Galway,  and  Rahun  from  the  river  of  Galway  to  the  same  bay.  The 
castle  and  mannour  of  Moycullink,  whence  the  barony  and  parish  of 
Moycullin  are  named,  hath  Lough  Lonon  on  the  west;  Tolokian1, 
two  castles  next  adjacent,  on  the  north ;  and  Lough  Orbsen  on  the 
east.  The  parish  church  theron,  its  chief  feast  of  late  is  the  Im- 
maculate Conception  of  our  Blessed  Lady,  on  the  8th  of  December, 
as  patroness.  What  antient  patron  it  had  is  not  known.  Here 
Uillinn,  grandchild  of  Nuad  Silver-hand,  king  of  Ireland,  1200  years 
before  Christ's  birth,  overthrew  in  battle,  and  had  the  killing  of 
Orbsen  Mac  Alloid,  commonly  called  Mananan  Mac  Lir,  Mananan 
the  Mankish  man,  Mac  Lir  son  of  the  Sea,  for  his  skill  in  seafaring. 
From  Ullin  Moycullin  is  named ;  to  wit,  Magh-Ullin,  the  field  of 
Ullinm:  and  from  Orbsen,  Lough  Orbsen,  or  the  Lake  of  Orbsen. 
Six  miles  from  a  great  stone  in  that  field  (erected,  perhaps,  in  me- 
mory of  the  same  battle)  to  the  town  of  Galway. 

The 

from  Lough  Corrib  to  the  bay  of  Galway,  "  natal  soil  and  patrimony  through  a  long 

by  which  bay  and  the  parish  of  Rahun  it  line  of  ancestors."     The  manor,  with  500 

is  bounded  on  the  south;  on  the  west  by  acres  in  demesne,  was  created  by  a  grant 

the  parish  of  Killannin;  and  on  the  north  of  James   I.    to   Hugh    O'Flaherty,    our 

and  north-east  by  the  same  parish  and  author's  father,  on  25th  Jan.  161 8. — Rot. 

Lough  Corrib,  and  the  parish  of  Rahun.  Pat.  150. 

See  this  latter  parish  described  further  on.  '  Tolokian Culocaooam.    These  two 

k  Castle  and  mannour  of  Moycullin —  castles  stood  on  the  brink  of  Lough  Cor- 

The  record  quoted  p.  44,   note&,  states,  rib,  in  the  townland  of  the  same  name, 

that  this  castle  in  A.  D.  1586,  belonged  They  were  called  the  castles  of  the  two 

to  "  Rory  O'Flahertie,"  grandfather  of  our  sisters,  of  whom  some  romantic  tales  of 

author,  who  was  himself  called  Rory  Oge  former    days   are    still  current.     One  of 

of  Moycullin.     See  Mac  Firbis,  in  his  ge-  these  old  castles  was  blown  down  by  the 

nealogical  abstracts,  drawn  up  A.  D.  1 666 ;  great  storm  of  January,  1839. 

and  our  author's  Ogygia,  p.  180,  where  he  m  Ullin See  p,52,  note  z,  also  Ogyg. 

feelingly  describes    the    loss  of  this    his  pp.  174,  179,   for  further  notices  of  the 


56 


The  parish  of  Rahunn  ly's,  for  the  most  part,  within  the  west 
liberties  of  the  town  of  Galway;  which  liberties  extend  four  miles 
by  the  river  side,  and  two  miles  by  the  sea  side  from  the  town.  The 
parish  church0  of  Rahun  celebrates  for  patron  St.  James  the  Great, 
on  the  25th  of  July.  In  the  same  parish  is  a  chappell  of  St.  J;i  • 
at  Newcastle,  by  Galway  river  near  the  town,  which  was  wont  to  be 
visited  on  St.  James's  eve  and  day,  yearly,  by  the  people  of  Galway, 
for  devotion. 

The  tract  of  land  on  the  south  side  of  the  barony,  by  the  bay  ( .f 
Galway,  divided  among  the  four  parishes,  and  separated  from  Lough 
Orbsen  and  the  river's  tract  by  a  large  space  of  mountain  land,  is 

_  >od 


battle  and  personages  here  mentioned. 
The  great  stone,  alluded  to  above,  has  not 
been  identified.  No  person  in  the  dis- 
trict ever  heard  of  any  such  monument. 

D  Parish  of  Rahun Rac  Un,  the  rath 

or  dwelling  of  Un,  a  man  of  whom  nothing 
more  is  known: 

"  The  annals  of  the  human  race, 
Of  him  afford  no  other  trace." 

It  is  stated  in  the  Book  of  Ballymote, 
that  Heremon,  the  son  of  Milesius,  con- 
ferred the  government  of  the  west  of 
Ireland  on  Un  and  Etan,  two  chiefs  who 
accompanied  him  from  Spain,  and  that 
the  latter  built  a  fortress  at  Eath-riosrh- 
baird,  in  the  barony  of  Murrisk,  Mayo 
county ;  but  the  Four  Masters,  at  A.  M. 
3501,  say  that  fortress  was  built  by 
Fulman.  one  of  Heber's  chiefs,  and  that 
Un  raised  Eathcroich  (or  Craach)  in  Ard- 
Eitig,  or  Fithaig.  See  Keating,  book  i. 
part  ii.  ch.  vii.,  and  Ogyg.  p.  187,  for  Un 
and  Etan.     An  etymological  friend,  who 


pleasantly  resolves  the  word  Madag" 
into  very  good  Irish,  would  not  hesitate,  on 
the  above  authority,  to  ascri  /,'  un  to 
the  chieftain  Un.  The  portion  of  this  pa- 
ri-li  of  Rahun  (it  is  now  generally  written 
Rnh(Kiii),  lying  within  Iil  3,  ie  bounded 

north  by  the  parishes  ullen  and 

Oranmore ;  east  by  the  latter  and  tl 
ri-h  of  St.  Nicholas  ;  south  by  the  bay  ; 
and  west  by  the  parish  of  Moycullen,  and 
that  part  ofEahoon  lying  within  the  ba- 
rony of  Moycullin. 

0  Church. — CfutppeB. — A  small  portion 
of  the  walls  of  this  church,  but  nearly 
level  with  the  ground,  may  still  be  tra 
within  the  cemetery  at  Eahoon,  about  a 
mile  west  of  Galway.  Near  it  is  St. 
James'swell;  but  no  "patron""  has  been  ce- 
lebrated there  for  many  yea  re.  The  chapel 
of  St.  James  at  Newcastle,  so  much  re- 
sorted to  for  devotion  in  former  davs. 
is  now  converted  into  a  stall  for  feeding 
cattle. 


57 


good  pasture  for  cattell ;  but  so  craggy  and  full  of  stonesp,  and  so 
destitute  of  deep  mold,  that  in  very  few  spots  of  it  a  plow  can 
goe :  yet  the  tenants,  by  digging,  manure  it  so  well,  that  they  have 
corn  for  themselves,  their  landlords,  and  the  market.  Never  was 
garden  with  more  paines  tilled  for  black  seeds.      They  carry  on 

horses, 


p  Full  of  stones Mr.  Molyneux,  in  his 

Journey  to  Connaught,  in  April,  1 709,  pre- 
served among  the  MSS.  of  Trin.  Coll.  Li- 
brary, Dublin,  1. 4,  1 3,  and  1. 1, 38,  writes  of 
this  district :  "  I  never  saw  so  strangely  stony 
and  wild  a  country.  I  did  not  see  all  this 
way  three  living  creatures,  not  one  house  or 
ditch,  not  one  bit  of  corn,  nor ,  I  may  say,  one 
bit  of  land,  for  stones,  in  short  nothing  ap- 
peared but  stones  and  sea.  Nor  could  I 
conceive  an  inhabited  country  so  destitute 

of  all  signs  of  people Having  got 

back  through  the  barbarous  country  to 
Galway,  I  dined  with  the  officers.  This 
is  the  best  town  I  have  seen  in  Ireland.  The 
inhabitants  are  mostly  Koman  Catholics, 
and  the  trade  wholly  in  their  hands,  and 
indeed  in  all  Connaught,  as  you  go  far- 
ther from  Dublin,  you  may  see  the  re- 
mains of  Popery,  less  and  less  extinct 
than  in  the  other  parts  of  Ireland."  Ano- 
ther traveller,  Mr.  Bush,  who  wrote  more 
than  half  a  century  after  Molyneux,  says: 
"  If  in  any  part  of  the  kingdom  there  are 
any  wild  Irish  to  be  found,  it  is  in  the  west- 
ern parts  of  this  province  [i.  e.  Connaught], 
for  they  have  the  least  sense  of  law  and  go- 
vernment of  any  people  in  Ireland,  I  believe, 
except  that  of  their  haughty  and  tyrannic 
landlords,  who,  in  a  literal  sense,  indeed, 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5. 


are  absolute  sovereigns  over  their  respec- 
tive towns  and  clans,  which  the  western 
part  of  this  province  may  not  improperly 
be  said  to  be  divided  into.  Their  impe- 
rious and  oppressive  measures,  indeed, 
have  almost  depopulated  this  province  of 
Ireland.  The  will  and  pleasure  of  these 
chiefs  is  absolute  law  to  the  poor  inha- 
bitants that  are  connected  with  them, 
and  under  whom  the  miserable  wretches 
live  in  the  vilest  and  most  abject  state  of 
dependance." — p.  35.  "  What  with  the  se- 
vere exactions  of  rent,  even  before  the  corn 
is  housed,  a  practice  that  too  much  prevails 
among  the  petty  and  despicable  landlords, 

of  the  parish  priest,  for  tythes, 

who  not  content  with  the  tythe  of  grain, 
even  the  very  tenth,  of  half  a  dozen  or  half 
a  score  perches  of  potatoes, is  ex- 
acted by  the  rapacious,  insatiable  priest.  I 
am  sorry  to  tell  you  the  truth,  that  too 
many  of  them  are  English  parsons.  For 
the  love  of  God  and  charity,  send  no  more 
of  this  sort  over,  for  here  they  become  a 
scandal  to  their  country  and  to  humanity. 
Add  to  these,  the  exactions  of,  if  possible, 
the  still  more  absolute  Catholic  priest,  who 
although  he  preaches  charity  by  the  hour 
on  Sunday,  comes  armed  with  all  the  terrors 
of  damnation,  and  demands  his  full  quota 


I 


58 


horses,  out  of  the  shore,  all  the  seaweeds  cast  in  daily,  as  long  as  they 
can  get  it,  from  Michaelmas  till  sowing  time  past :  and  sometimes 
on  spring  tide  low  waters,  they  goe  as  far  down  as  they  can,  man, 
woman  and  child,  and  cut  the  sea  weed  with  knives,  to  have  it  cast 
up  again  by  the  sea.  With  this  they  muck  the  land,  and  dig  up  dailv, 
earth  to  cover  it,  out  of  watery  furrows  which  serve  for  conveving 
away  the  water  from  the  ridges.  This  mucking  and  digging  keeps 
them  in  action  till  March,  before  which  they  sow  not  a  grain  of  cornq. 
In  sowing,  they  give  so  small  a  measure  of  seed  as  can  be  immagined, 

being 


of  unremitted  offerings." — Hibernia  C'uri- 
osa,  Dub.  1769. — pp.  36-7.  Some  of  these 
evils  may  be  traced  in  this  district  at  the 
present  day. 

1  Com In  this  curious  account  of  the 

agriculture  of  the  time,  we  incidentally 
learn  that  here  the  tenants  paid  their  rent 
in  kind,  according  to  the  ancient  mode.  This 
was  general  in  many  parts  of  Ireland  in  the 
seventeenth  century.  By  inquisition  taken 
at  the  town  of  Mayo,  on  29th  July,  A.  D. 
1607,  it  appeared,  that  Eugenius,  alias 
Owen  O'Maly,  chief  of  his  name  and  na- 
tion, and  his  ancestors,  had  chief  rents,  of 
barley,  butter,  and  money,  out  of  several 
lands  within  the  barony  of  Murrisk,  and 
county  of  Mayo ;  that  he  was  seised  of  the 
castle  of  Cahir-na-mart  (now  Westport), 
the  castle  and  island  of  Carrowmore,  and 
numerous  other  lands  and  possessions 
there,  in  right  of  tanistry ;  and  that  he, 
as  chief,  ought  to  have,  as  his  ancestors 
had,  "  all  fines  for  bloodshed,  all  skins  of 
animals  killed,  or  to  be  killed,  within  that 
barony,  with  all  customs  and  other  casu- 


alties." By  another  inquisition,  taken  nth 
January,  A.  D.  1610,  it  was  found  that 
Robert  Bowen,  of  Castlecarra,  Esq..  u 
heir  to  his  brother  William  Bowen  (who 
purchased  various  lands  in  Mayo  county, 
from  Peter  Lord  Tremblestone,  by  deed  of 
feoffment,  dated  1st  May,  A.  D.  1586,  and 
who  was  the  first  of  that  name  that  came 
to  Mayo),  was  siised  of  a  rent-charg 
mortgage  from  the  Stantons,  on  the  lands 
of  Clan  McCormick,  of  a  certain  quan- 
tity of  "bread,  drink,  and  flesh  at  Christ- 
mas ;  and  a  proportion  of  bread,  but- 
ter, and  drink  at  Easter,  yearly." — Oria. 
Inqitis. 

The  best  illustration  of  the  mode  of 
manuring  with  sea-weed,  and  the  other 
agricultural  processes  above  described,  will 
be  found  in  Mr.  Nimmo's  excellent  Eeport 
on  the  Bogs  west  of  Lough  Corrib.  It  is 
observable,  that  the  potato  is  no  where 
mentioned  by  our  author.  He  alludes  to  "  a 
kindcofcorn  they  call  bwaghfhvft  the  name 
is  now  unknown.  The  houses  were  all  to- 
veredwith?//«/rA.  Even  our  author  himself, 


59 

being  sure  not  a  grain  will  fail  to  multiply.  In  summer,  when  it 
grows  up,  they  goe,  man,  woman  and  child,  and  ly  prostrate  or  sit 
upon  the  corn,  to  weed  it  with  their  bare  hands,  leaving  nothing 
behind  but  pure  corn.  Twice,  perhaps,  they  thus  weed  it  before  it 
comes  to  an  ear.  The  soile  bears  not  but  for  two  years,  till  they 
muck  it  again.  The  first  year  it  bears  wheat,  barly,  ry,  or  oats ;  the 
second  year  oats  only,  but  the  increase  is  forty  fold  at  the  least. 
Here  is  a  kinde  of  corn  they  call  bwagh,  the  grain  is  like  wheat,  but 
more  brownish  and  swarthy ;  the  bread  like  barly  bread  but  finer  : 
two  bushells  of  this  corn  is  three  bushells  ground.  This  land  hath 
no  help  for  building  but  thatch,  and  plenty  of  rude  stones  that  can- 
not be  wrought.  It  is  destitude  of  wood  and  lime-stone.  Few  places 
have  any  clay  for  mortar.  It  hath  severall  brooks  and  shallow 
rivers,  falling  from  the  mountaines  to  the  sea,  which  bear  some 
salmons,  trouts,  and  eels,  besides  plenty  of  sea-fish  and  shell-fish; 
together  with  severall  creeks  and  ship  harbours.  There  is  a  shift  of 
making  lime  of  the  shells  for  tanning  leather.  Now  to  descend  to 
particulars. 

In  this  tract1-,  near  Galway,  westward,  is  the  town  land  of  Barnas ; 
very  good  arable   land,  where  partly  the  plow,  partly  digging  with 

spade 

the  hereditary  chieftain  of  Gnobeg,  which  s  Barna 6eapna,  literally  a  gap,  but 

was  the  best  part  of  the  barony  of  Moycul-  here  a  breach  or  opening  in  the  coast, 
len,  lived  in  a  thatched  house,  in  the  district  There  was  formerly  a  castle  here,  close  to 
above  described;  and  very  probably  in  it  he  the  sea  side,  about  three  mdes  west  of 
wrote  his  Ogygia,  and  the  present  treatise.  Galway.  Its  ruins  are  shewn  by  the  name 
r  Tract. — The  tract  of  land,  as  far  west-  of  pean  caiplean  6eapna,  the  old  castle  of 
ward  as  the  barony  of  Moycullen  extends  Barna.  It  belonged  to  the  ancient  Irish 
along  the  bay,  is  known  by  the  name  of  famdy  of  O'Halloran,  who  before  the 
Cop  paipje,  or  the  sea  tract.  We  find  it  twelfth  century  were  lords  of  Clan  Pe- 
so called  in  A.  D.  1586.  See  the  record  apjcnl,  a  district  in  which  Galway  town 
quotedfrom  the  British  Museum,  in  note  g,  was  situate.  "O  h-allmupan  Ucupeac 
p.  44.  cecpi  m-baile  picec  cloinoi  Pepjaili." 

12 


6o 


spade  is  used.  It  affords  lime-stone  and  clay.  Here  is  Blake's  bill* 
over  the  sea,  whither  the  young  men  of  Galway  were  wont  to  come 
a  horseback  the  third  day  of  their  May-game,  and  there  dine  between 
this  hill  and  the  castle  of  Barna. 

Sir  Morogh  Flaherty"  of  Aghnenure,  defeated  an  army  out  of 
Clanrickard,  the   22nd  of  June,  A.  D.  1564,  on  the   strand  of  Tray- 
bane. 


—MS.  Trin.  Coll.  Lib.  H.2,  17.  I  here 
take  the  opportunity  of  correcting  an  error 
in  the  History  of  Galway,  p.  3,  occasioned 
by  adopting  Vallancey's  erroneous  deri- 
vations of  Clann  Peapjal  and  ^aillirh, 
neither  of  which  means  "  tribes  of  mer- 
chants," as  there  stated :  the  former 
signifying  the  descendants  of  Farrell,  a 
Christian  name  common  among  the  O'Hal- 
lorans  ;  and  the  latter  the  river  which 
flows  through  the  town.  See  note v,  p.  28, 
ante.  For  more  of  the  sept  of  O'Halloran, 
see  Additional  Notes. 

1  Blake's  hill. — In  Irish  Cnoc  a  6lucai  j, 
is  now  called  the  White  Cliff  of  Barna, 
and  appears  rather  a  conspicuous  ob- 
ject on  entering  the  bay.  The  May 
games,  and  other  old  customs,  as  "  rid- 
ing the  ring,"  &c,  formerly  practised 
here,  have  long  since  fallen  into  disuse. 
The  "young  men"  of  the  present  day 
would  be  ashamed  of  those  homely  but 
manly  amusements  of  their  forefathers; 
although  it  is  to  be  feared,  that  many  of 
their  modern  pastimes  are  not  altogether 
of  so  innocent  a  character. 

u  Sir  Morogh  Flaherty.  —  Our  author 
here  omits  the  prefix  O  (for  the  significa- 
tion of  which  see   Ogyg.  p.  361)   in   the 


name  of  his  celebrated  kinsman  Morough 
na  d-tuadh,  [Morough  of  the  Battle- 
axes]  O'Flaherty.  But  the  omission  in 
this  instance  I  consider  merely  acci- 
dental; although  in  our  author's  time, 
when  the  Irish  were  broken  down  by  the 
wars  of  the  seventeenth  century,  mai. 
them  began  to  fashion  their  1. 
omitting  the  prefixes  0'  and  Mac.  which 
were  among  the  few  remnants  of  national 
distinction  that  then  remained  to  them. 
This  they  did  to  make  their  old  Irish 
names  more  English-like,  and  conse- 
quently more  palatable  to  their  dominant 
neighbours  ;  and  it  was  a  literal  fulfil- 
ment of  the  wish  of  Spenser,  express- 
ed a  century  before,  that  "  all  thi 
and  Mac's  should  be  utterly  forbidden 
and  extinguished."  Many  of  the  O'Fla- 
herties,  and  chiefly  the  more  respectable 
of  them,  then  became  mere  "  Flaher 
Our  author  never  submitted  to  this  mark 
of  national  degradation,  like  his  kinsmen 
of  Aghnenure,  or  Lemonfield.  Then  ap- 
peared, for  the  first  time.  "  Bryan  Fla- 
herty, of  Lemonfield,  Esq.  Morogh  Fla- 
herty, his  son.  Edmond  Flaherty,  of  Tolly.'" 
&o. — Extract  from  the  will  of  the  first 
named,  dated  the  30th  Dec.  A.  D.  1  -  2  1 . 


6i 


banev.  This  strand  yields  plenty  of  cockles ;  and,  with  a  drudge, 
oysters  are  to  be  found  near  it.  Westward  from  thence,  and  from 
Galway  four  miles,  the  river  of  Forbagh  runs  to  the  sea;  near 
which  was  a  great  fish  cast,  Anno  166^,  another  about  a  mile  thence 
at  Koylagh,  the  17th  of  May,  1674,  thirty  foot  long  and  seaven  foot 
high.  Two  miles  from  the  river  of  Forbaghw  to  the  river  of  Spidellx, 
on  which  the  salmon  cannot  pass  a  steep  salmon  leap,  a  mile  from 
the  bridge  on  the  mouth  of  the  river,  first  built  Anno  1670,  by  the 
publick  charges.  On  the  east-side  of  the  river,  by  the  high  water 
mark  of  the  sea,  stands  the  church  of  Spidell,  dedicated  to  St.  Ennay, 
patron  of  Aran,  whose  feast  is  kept  the  2 1  st  day  of  March.  Spidell 
is  so  called  of  Spittle,  or  Hospitall.  From  this  river,  which  separates 
the  parish  of  Moycullin  here  from  the  parish  of  Kilanhin  on  the  west 

of 


Prerog.  Office.  For  valuable  observations 
on  Irish  names,  see  Mr.  O'Donovan's  cu- 
rious papers  in  the  Irish  Penny  Journal, 
A.  D.  1 841,  which  it  is  to  be  hoped  he 
may  yet  be  induced  to  enlarge  and  give 
in  a  more  substantial  form  to  the  public. 

v  Traybane — In  Irish,  Updij  6cm,  lite- 
terally  the  White  Strand,  as  it  is  still 
called.  Cockles  are  here  found  in  abun- 
dance ;  but  no  oysters.  The  fishermen  plea- 
santly relate,  that  the  latter  migrated  to 
the  opposite  shore  of  the  bay,  to  the  great 
oyster  beds  of  Poldoody,  belonging  to  that 
excellent  and  patriotic  gentleman,  Burton 
Bindon,  Esq. 

w  Forbagh.  —  popbac,  now  pronounced 
Furrobagh.  This  river  flows  into  the  bay. 
In  the  Composition  of  A.  D.  1585,  Ballyne- 
forbagh  in  Gnobeg,  is  stated  to  contain 
four  quarters  of  land,  which,  with  most  of 


that  district,  was  granted  by  James  I.  to 
Hugh  O'Flaherty,  our  author's  father,  by 
letters  patent,  dated  25  th  Jan.  A.  D.  1617. 
— Rot.  Pat. 

x  Spidell Spioeal,  an  hospital.   Spital 

is  an  old  English  term  for  hospital,  and 
is  still  used  in  Scotland.  "  Rob  not  the 
spital." — Jonson.  In  the  Composition  of 
A.  D.  1585,  the  townland  here  is  called 
Ballynspiddell.  The  river  of  Spiddle  is  nine 
miles  west  of  Galway,  and  is  much  prized 
for  salmon  fishing.  It  flows  out  of  a  lake 
in  the  townland  of  Shannagarraun,  and 
falls  into  the  bay  nearly  opposite  Ceann 
6oipne,  or  Black  head. 

y  St.  Enna For  an  account  of  this 

celebrated  Saint,  whose  memory  is  still 
venerated  here,  and  in  the  islands  of  Aran, 
see  Colgan's  Acta  Sanctorum,  p.  704. 


62 


of  it,  to  the  river  of  Allyz  are  two  miles  ;  and  in  the  midle  way  is 
the  creeke  of  Crompan,  a  very  secure  harbour  for  boats,  much  fre- 
quented by  the  fishermen  of  Galway.  Ally  river  divides  Gnobeg 
on  the  east,  from  Gnomore  on  the  west  in  those  parts,  whence  to 
Cromlina  river  is  two  miles :  not  far  from  which,  westward,  3rd 
June,  1682,  was  a  fish  cast  on  Miny  shore,  thirty  foot  long  and 
seaven  high.  Near  Miny  is  the  castle  of  Inveran,  where  Walter 
Fada  Bourkeb  was  murthered  by  the  procurement  of  his  stepmother 

Finnola 


z  River  of  Ally In  Irish  GBainn  na 

h-Gille,  so  called  from  the  townland  of 
Aille,  through  which  it  flows.  It  is  two  miles 
west  of  Spiddle.  "Gnobegg  is  bounded 
from  Srawan  I  Garwane  on  the  north 
side,  to  Galway,  saving  the  liberties,  and 
soe  alonge  the  river  of  Donkelie  (or  Ally) 
to  Galway  aforesaid,  by  east." — Mot.  Pat. 
290  Eliz.,  quoted  in  Appendix.  The  name 
of  this  river  may  be  traced  to  the  O'Kealy's 
(O'Cadhla),  the  ancient  chiefs  of  Con- 
mhaicne-mara,  of  whom  more  will  be 
found  in  the  sequel. 

a  Cromlin. — Miny. — Inveran. — Cpu  i  m  - 
jlinn.  This  river  flows  into  the  bay  be- 
tween the  townlands  of  Poulgorm  and 
Cartronkeel,  about  three  Irish  miles  west 
of  Ally  river.  There  are  two  portions  of 
the  parish  of  Kilcummin  here  insulated 
by  the  parish  of  Killannin. — Miny.  Now 
called  Minna — Inveran.  lnbepan.  This 
castle  stands  a  short  distance  west  of 
Crornlin  river,  on  a  little  cpompun.  or 
creek,  from  which  it  takes  its  name. 

b  Walter  Fada  Bourhe Walter   the 

Tall.     He  was  the  son  of  David  Bourke 


(great  grandson  of  Edmund  nafesoige,  fur 
whom  see  Lodge's  Peerage,  voL  iv.  p.  231), 
by  his  first  wife.  Finola  O'Flaherty  was 
the  second  wife  of  David.  By  her  he 
had  Ripoeapo  an  lapain,  called  Iron 
Dick,  and  to  secure  the  inheritance  for  the 
latter,  his  mother  caused  his  elder  half- 
brother,  Walter  Fada,  to  be  murdered,  as 
above  related.  In  this  object  the  mur- 
deress succeeded,  for  her  son,  Iron  Dick, 
did  inherit  all  his  father's  vast  possessions, 
and  became  one  of  the  greatest  men  of  his 
time.  See  Sir  Henry  Sidney's  curious  de- 
scription of  him,  quoted  by  Lodge,  vol.  iv. 
p.  232,  where,  among  other  things,  he  • 
"  Surelye,  my  lords,  he  is  well  wonne,_/br 
he  is  a  great  man;  his  land  lyeth  along  the 
west-north-west  coast  of  this  realme,  wht-re 
he  hath  many  goodly  havens,  and  is  a 
Lorde  in  territore  of  three  tymes  at  mtich 
land  as  the  Earle  of  Clanrickarde  is."  He 
was  father  of  Sir  Tibbott  na  Long,  first 
Viscount  Mayo.  The  retributive  justice 
of  Providence  visibly  pursued  this  foul 
murder,  in  the  fate  of  that  man's  descend- 
ants. To  pursue  the  subject  further  would 


63 


Finnola  Flaherty,  by  her  brother  Donnel  Fitz-Rory  Og  Flaherty, 
Anno  1 549,  deceased.  Thence,  westward,  at  Moerrasc,  is  an  altar  of 
St.  Columb-Kille  by  a  brooke,  and  his  well  within  the  sea  shore. 
His  feast  is  celebrated  on  the  9th  of  June.  From  Cromlin  river  to 
the  river  of  Casla  are  two  miles,  This  river  falls  into  Casla  haven, 
and  hath  salmon  and  trout-fishing  on  it  yearly.  These  white  trouts 
are  called  Lihain,  and  come  on  the  rivers  from  the  sea  as  salmons 
doe. 

On  Casla  haven,  in  the  year  1674,  memorable  for  dearth  of  corn 
through  all  Ireland,  the  herring  fishing  of  Galway  Bay  failing, 
herring  fishing  was  discovered,  and  soe  continued  for  five  years  after, 
and  failed  againe.  They  were  larger  and  sooner  come  than  Gal- 
way fish.  There  I  saw  a  herring  eighteen  inches  long.  Between 
Casla  Haven  and  Fearmore,   or  the  Great  Man's  Havend,  lyes  the 

land 


be  irrelevant  here.  It  is,  therefore,  left  to 
the  future  historian  of  this  district. 

c  Moerras Casla.  —  On   Mackensie's 

chart,  Moerras  is  called  Murris.  It  is 
west  of  Inveran  castle.  On  the  town- 
land  of  Cloghmore  there  is  an  old  church- 
yard called  after  St.  Columbkille.  On 
Mackensie's  chart  and  Larkin's  map  are 
marked  the  ruins  of  a  church.  See  the 
Ordnance  Survey  map  of  this  district,  for 
the  situation  of  the  altar  and  well  men- 
tioned above.  The  river  of  Casla,  where 
it  falls  into  the  bay  of  that  name,  is 
four  Irish  miles  west  of  the  mouth  of 
Crumlin  river.  The  bay  is  called  in  Irish 
Cucm  Chaiple,  the  bay  of  Caushlia.  Mac- 
kensie  and  Larkin  properly  call  it  Casleh 
bay ;  but  Mr.  Nimmo,  in  his  piloting  di- 
rections before  alluded  to,  calls  it  "  Cas- 


tello,  or  Casleh  harbour,"  p.  172.  Castello 
is  a  corrupt  pronunciation  of  Casleh,  or 
Casla,  the  proper  name  of  the  bay,  and 
therefore  ought  to  have  been  rejected  by 
him. 

d  Great  Man's  Haven. — In  Irish  Cucm 
an  pip  rhoip,  now  called  Great  Man's  Bay, 
lies  west  of  Casla,  a  peninsula  of  about  two 
Irish  miles  in  breadth  running  between 
them.  It  was  called  by  the  same  name  in 
A.  D.  1560  See  the  A'nnals  of  the  Four 
Masters,  who  relate,  that  in  that  year,  a 
vessel  was  driven  on  a  rock  at  the  entrance 
of  Great  Man's  Bay  in  Iar  Connaught,  and 
that  upwards  of  1 00  men  were  lost,  among 
whom  was  Tuathal  (Toole)  O'Malley,  the 
best  pilot  of  a  long  ship  in  his  time.  The 
people  here  relate,  that  the  "  Great  man" 
who  gave  name  to  this  bay,  was  a  giant; 


64 


land  of  Killin,  about  four  miles,  where  stands  a  church  by  the 
sea-side,  which  antiquity  named  Inismacaw  church,  the  feast  day 
whereof  is    on   the  15th    of  March.     Westward   of  Great    Man's 

Haven. 


that  he  lived  a  long  time  ago,  and  seized 
and  plundered  all  the  vessels  that  passed 
that  way.  They  still  shew  a  large  hol- 
low rock  which  they  call  his  churn,  Cuin- 
neoj  an  pip  mo'P  ;  and  three  other  rocks 
called  6pannpao  an  pip  moip,  which  sup- 
ported the  cauldron  wherein  he  boiled 
the  whales  which  he  caught  with  a  fishing 
rod ! 

"  His  angle-rod  made  of  a  sturdy  oak, 
His  line  a  cable  which  in  storms  ne'er  broke; 
His  hook  he  baited  with  a  dragon's  tail, 
And  sat  upon  a  rock,  and  bobb'd  for  whale." 

That  some  "great  man,"  at  some  dis- 
tant period,  did  dwell  at  or  about  Great 
Man's  Bay,  and  give  name  to  it,  may  be 
admitted  without  incurring  the  charge  of 
crediility  :  but  when  he  lived,  and  his 
name,  and  whether  he  was  one  of  the 
mighty  Fomorians,  or  powerful  Tuatha 
de  Dananns,  or  other  early  colonists  of 
Ireland,  will  probably,  like  other  historical 
questions  of  similar  importance,  remain  se- 
crets for  ever. 

The  other  places  mentioned  in  this 
paragraph  may  be  summarily  noted  as 
follows.  Killin This  is  "Killin  op- 
posite to  Aran,"  mentioned  in  page  7.  It 
forms  the  southern  part  of  the  penin- 
sula lying  between  Great  Man's  Bay  and 

Casla.      Inismacaw  church Ceampult 

inp'  Iliac  Ctoairh,  i.e.  the  church  of  the 


island  of  the  sons  of  Adam.  When  or  by 
whom  it  was  built,  or  why  "  antiquity 
named"  it  so,  we  are  ignorant.  It  lies  in 
ruins  on  the  west  side  of  Casla  bay,  near 
the  shore.  Garrnna. — Ifi  an  island  I 
between  Great  Man's  Bay  and  C. 
Bay,  mentioned  immediately  after.  Larc- 
roill,  tearhcoill,  L  e.  Elmwood,  angli- 
cised Loughil,  forms  the  southern  part 
of  the  island  of  Garomna.  The  ruins  of 
Olither  church,  in  the  south-west  of  this 
island,    are    marked    on    Larkin's    map. 

Letter  Melon feicip  maellain. 

island  of  Lettermullen  lies  to  the  we>t 
of  Garomna;  and  the  cat  Ifi  on  the 

north  side  of  the  island.  It  is  mention- 
ed in  the  Annuls  of  the  Four  Musters, 
at  A.D.  1584,  as  the  residence  of  Morogh 

Mac  Hugh.    Keanngualaim Ceann  ^u- 

alaim,  a  small  island  immediate. 
Lettermullen.  From  our  author's  ex- 
pression it  would  appear,  that  in  hie 
time  they  were  united;  but  in  Mao- 
kensie's  chart  and  Larkin's  map.  they  ap- 
pear as  separate  islands.  Ceann  J^uulaim. 
sometimes  called  Gulin  head,  and  not  un- 
frequently  Golden  head,  by  such  of  the  na- 
tives as  speak  English.  See  Nimmo's  Pilot- 
ing Directions,  p.  174,  for  an  account  of 
the  tides  along  this  coast.  Cat&m  hare/,. — 
Cuan  Caipin,  now  generally  called  Casheen 
Bay.    It  lies  to  the  north  of  Gulam  Head. 


65 


Haven,  are  the  lands  of  Garmna,  Lawroill,  and  Lettermelan  Castle. 
In  Garmnia  is  Olither  church,  or  the  Pilgrirae's  church.  Keann- 
gualaim,  or  the  cape  of  Golamhead  in  Lettermellan,  stretcheth  itself 
between  Cassin  haven  and  the  sea,  the  farthest  end  of  Moycullin 
barony,  this  side,  and  is  eight  leagues  from  Galway.  Eastward  of 
this  point,  the  lies  of  Aran6  lye  three  leagues  distant  from  the  con- 
tinent of  this  barony,  whereof  Lettermellan  is  the  nearest  to  them. 

The  three  lies  of  Aran  half  barony,  extending  in  length  from 
west  to  east,  have  the  barony  of  Moycullin  on  the  north,  Moycleaf 
in  Corcamro  barony,  and  county  of  Clare,  on  the  east,  and  the  Cape 
of  Kerryhead,  far  off  in  sightg  stretched  out  in  the  sea,  on  the  south. 

They 

e  Isles  of  Aran. — Some  notices  of  these  re- 
markable islands,  in  addition  to  those  given 
above  by  our  author,  will  be  found  in  the 
Appendix  hereto,  if  space  shall  permit. 

f  Moyclea — In  Irish  ITIa^  ^lea,  or,  as 
it  is  sometimes  called,  Uuac  ^lea.  This 
is  a  tract  of  land  in  the  west  of  the  barony 
of  Corcomroe  (Copcumpuaio),  and  the 
nearest  part  of  the  county  of  Clare  to 
Imp  Oipnp,  the  southern  isle  of  Aran. 
Here  are*  situate  Doolen,  the  seat  of  a 
branch  of  the  Macnamara  family ;  and 
Aran-view,  "commanding,  as  its  name 
implies,  a  fine  view  of  the  Aran  isles." 
In  the  sixteenth  century,  Moyclea  was 
rendered  remarkable  by  the  following  oc- 
currence. A.  D.  1565,  Mahon  O'Brien  of 
Arkin  (Gipcin),  in  the  great  island  of  Aran, 
was  treacherously  slain  by  his  own  friends 
and  followers.  The  citizens  of  Galway  im- 
mediately went  forth  in  pursuit  of  the 
murderers  ;  who  thereupon  betook  them- 
selves to  their  boats  and  landed  in  the 
IRISH  AECH.  SOC.   1 5. 


west  of  Thomond.  There  they  were  met 
by  Donall,  the  son  of  Conor  O'Brien,  who 
took  most  of  them  prisoners.  He  then 
brought  them  bound  in  fetters  to  Magh 
Glea;  and  there,  in  sight  of  the  place 
where  they  perpetrated  the  crime,  he 
hanged  some  and  burned  others, "  as  their 
atrocious  wickedness  deserved,"  say  the 
Four  Masters,  who  relate  the  circum- 
stance. These  feuds  among  the  O'Briens 
led  to  their  total  expulsion  from  the 
islands  of  Aran,  in  a  few  years  after,  by 
the  O'Flaherties  of  Iar-Connaught. 

g  Far  off  in  sight. — The  islands  of  Aran 
command  some  of  the  noblest  sea-prospects 
in  the  world.  The  vast  Atlantic  stretching 
inimitably  towards  the  south  and  west ;  the 
extensive  coasts  of  Kerry,  Clare,  Galway, 
Mayo,  &c,  with  their  numerous  islands, 
headlands,  and  lofty  mountains  "  far  off 
in  sight,"  must  be  seen,  in  order  to  form 
any  idea  of  the  sublimity  and  beauty  of 
the  view. 


66 


They  are  fenced  on  the  south  side  with  very  high  cliftsh,  some  three 
score,  some  four  score  and  five  score  fathoms  deep,  against  the 
Western  Ocean's  approach. 

The  soile  is  almost  paved  over  with  stones'1,  soe  as,  in  some  pla 
nothing  is  to  be  seen  but  large  stones  with  wide  openings  between 
them,  where  cattle  break  their  legs.  Scarce  any  other  stones  there 
but  limestones,  and  marble  fit  for  tomb-stones,  chymney  mantle 
trees,  and  high  crosses.  Among  these  stones  is  very  sweet  pasture, 
so  that  beefe,  veal,  mutton  are  better  and  earlyer  in  season  here,  then 
elsewhere;  and  of  late  there  is  plenty  of  cheese,  and  tillage  mucking, 
and  corn  is  the  same  with  the  sea  side  tract.  In  some  places  the 
plow  goes.     On  the  shore  grows  samphirej  in  plenty,  ring-root  or 

-holy, 


h  High  clifts The  height  of  the  cliff  at 

Dun  ^Engus  in  Aran,  which  Dun  is  one  of 
the  most  remarkable  remains  of  pagan  an- 
tiquity in  the  west  of  Europe,  is  upwards 
of  300  feet.  The  cliffs  of  Aran  are  else- 
where well  described  by  our  author : 
"  Claustrorum  reliquiae  videntur  esse 
Arannae  tres  insulse,  quae  obrutu  non  fa- 
ciles  in  medio  pro/undo  eminent,  et  edit '/.-•- 
simasprmruptas  Crepidines  decumanis  fluc- 
tibus  objiciiinV — Ogyg.  p.  164. 

'  Paved  over  with  stones — Large  tracts 
of  bare  flags,  in  Irish  leacct  loma,  as  smooth 
as  polished  marble,  may  be  seen  in  many 
parts  of  these  islands.  A  visitor,  surprised 
at  the  appearance,  remarked,  that  it  was  a 
mistake  not  to  have  called  them  the  Marble 
Islands,  for  that  they  were  all  a  mass  of 
lime-stone  and  marble.  Yet  among  those 
rocks  and  stones  there  is,  as  our  au- 
thor observes,  "  very  sweet  pasture"  for 


cattle.  These  leaca  loma,  or  bare  flags, 
have  been  frequently  noticed.  In  an  old 
poem  entitled  "  Coluinbkilh's  Farewell  to 
Aran,"  which,  though  attributed  t<>  that 
saint,  may  safely  be  dated  some  centuries 
after  his  time,   an  an.  -  ribed  as 

showering  down  benefits  from  heaven  on 
the  bare  flags  of  Aran : 

"^aca  Diapoain.  on!  jaca  oiapoain. 
C15  Sapial,  mop  an  main, 
^o  pgallmn  par  De  00  mm 
Pop  leccao  loma  an  la  pin." 

See  this  "  Farewell  to  Aran."  published 
in  the  Transactions  of  the  Gaelic  Society, 
Dublin,  8vo.  1808,  p.  1S0.  with  a  b 
lation  by  Theophilus  OTlanagan.  A.  B. 

i  Samphire. — This  plant.  (  ma- 

ritimum.  is  found  growing  on  roek>  by  the 
shore,  where  it  is  washed  by  the  salt  water. 
It  is  sent  for  sale  from  Aran  to  Dublin. 


sea-holy,  and  sea-cabbage.  Here  are  Cornish  choughs,  with  red 
legs  and  bills.  Here  are  ayries  of  hawkes",  and  birds  which  never 
fly  but  over  the  sea ;  and,  therefore,  are  used  to  be  eaten  on  fasting- 
days1:  to  catch  which,  people  goe  down,  with  ropes  tyed  about 
them,  into  the  caves  of  cliffts  by  night,  and  with  a  candle  light  kill 
abundance™  of  them.  Here  are  severall  wells  and  pooles,  yet  in  ex- 
traordinary dry  weather,  people  must  turn  their  cattell  out  of  the 
islands,  and  the  corn  failes.    They  have  noe  fuell  but  cow-dungn  dryed 

with 


where  it  is   said  to  be  used  for  pickling 

and  preserves.     Ring-root   or  sea-holy 

Eryngium  maritimurn,  in  Irish,  CuiUeann 
epa£a,  grows  near  the  shore,  and  is  used 
by  the  inhabitants  of  Aran,  as  a  medicine. 
See  its  medicinal  virtues  described  in 
K'Eogh's  Botanologia  Universalis  Hiber- 

nica,  p.  43.      Sea  cabbage Crambe  mari- 

tima. 

k  Ayries  of  hawkes For  a  curious  no- 
tice of  these  once  favourite  birds,  see 
Carvers  Lyra,  p.  47.  They  were  formerly 
trained  in  Iar-Connaught  for  field  sport, 
and  were  held  in  high  esteem.  Morogh 
na  Maor  O'Flaherty,  of  Bunowen,  in  Cona- 
mara,  by  his  will,  dated  13th  April,  A.D. 
1626,  directed  that  his  third  son,  Bryan 
O'Flahertie,  should  have  the  Cleggan,  an 
extensive  tract  in  the  barony  of  Bali- 
nahinch,  "  excepting  onelie  the  Aiery  of 
hawkes  upon Barncmoran"  reserved  for  his 
eldest  son,  Morogh  na  Mart — Orig.  Will. 

1  Fasting  days. — Strange  as  this  reason 
may  seem,  for  eating  sea  birds  on  fasting 
days,  it  is  nevertheless  very  ancient.  So- 
crates, in  his  Ecclesiastical  History,  men- 


K 


tions  it  in  the  fifth  century.  Speaking  of 
the  various  modes  of  keeping  Lent  then 
prevalent,  he  says  :  —  o<  ^iv  y«g,  7rxvrr, 
lM.ipv%av  a.-pn^ovTxt'  01  oi,  tuv  ifi^v%,av  l%8vs 
/novovs  f&iTe/,Ax/it.fio!.vov<ri'  Ttvii;  dl  ff-yv  to7?  IftQutrt, 
xui  Tav  mrpm  a^oytuovrxi,  \\  vSoctos  y.xt 
ct,\)ta,  tov  Mavrix  yiyivriG-Oxt  teyotTis'  x..  t.  A. 
"  Some  abstain  altogether  from  animals: 
others  of  animals  eat  fish  only.  Some, 
along  with  fish,  eat  also  birds:  saying  that, 
according  to  Moses,  birds,  like  fish,  were 
created  out  of  the  waters."  Hist.  Eccl. 
lib.  v.  c.  22.  In  Martin's  Description  of 
the  Western  Islands  of  Scotland  (p.  65), 
mention  is  made  of  a  similar  reason  for 
eating  seals'  flesh  in  Lent. 

m  Kill  abundance. — In  carrying  on  this 
"  dreadful  trade,"  the  adventurous  "  Crags- 
men" of  Aran  encounter  dangers,  which 
to  any  other  class  of  men  would  be  in- 
credible. Mr.  Pennant,  in  his  "  Voyage 
tothe  Hebrides,"  gives  a  curious  repre- 
sentation of  this  perilous  practice.  See 
also  Martin's  Islands  of  Scotland,  p.  293  ; 
and  his  Voyage  to  St.  Kilda,  p.  105. 

n  Cow-dung. — In  Irish  6oirpearh.  Large 
2 


68 

with  the  sun,  unless  they  bring  turf  in  from  the  western  continent. 
They  have  Cloghans,  a  kind  of  building  of  stones  layd  one  upon 
another,  which  are  brought  to  a  roof  without  any  manner  of  mortar 
to  cement  them,  some  of  which  cabins  will  hold  forty  men  on  their 
floor ;  so  antient  that  no  body  knows  how  long  agoe  any  of  them  was 
made.  Scarcity  of  wood  and  store  of  fit  stones,  without  peradventure 
found  out  the  first  invention.  There  is  a  waste  island  on  the  south- 
west side,  called  Oilen-da-branoge°,  where  they  goe  to  slaughter  seal- 
yearly  ;  and  where  there  is  abundance  of  samphire. 

From  the  Isles  of  Aran  and  the  west  continent,  often  appears 
visible  that  inchanted  island  called  O'Brasil",  and  in  Irish  Beg-ara, 

or 


stacks  (cpuaca)  of  this  savoury  substitute 
for  turf  may  be  seen  in  Aran,  particularly 
in  the  middle  island  ;  but  latterly  they 
have  learned  to  convert  it  into  manure, 
and  get  turf  from  the  "  Continent."  The 
privations  which  these  poor  and  honest 
islanders  sometimes  undergo,  part  of  which 
are  above  alluded  to  by  our  author,  are 
very  severe;  and  yet  you  will  not  find 
any  of  them  willing  to  exchange  the  '■'■bare 
flags"  of  Aran,  for  the  comparative  com- 
forts of  the  inland  country  ;  even  of  the 
"  great  town,"  or  6aile  mop  of  Clifden 
in  Conamara;  or  yet  of  the  greater  town, 
the  capital  of  the  province,  Caraip  mop 
na  ^ailtrhe.  It  is  believed,  that  the 
greatest  human  punishment  that  could 
be  inflicted  on  an  Aranite,  would  be  to 
sentence  him  never  to  return  home.  See 
Martin's  curious  account  of  the  St.  Kilda 
man's  visit  to  Glasgow — Western  Islands, 
p.  296 ;  which  requires  little  more  than  the 


substitution  of  Galway  for  Glasgow,  and 
Aran   for  St.  Kilda,  to  answer  as  a  de- 
scription of  an  Aran  man"-  first  vial 
wonder  to  Galway. 

The  primitive  buildings  called  "  Clogh- 
ans," mentioned  above  bv  our  author,  will 
be  found  noticed,  with  the  islands  of  Aran, 
in  the  Appendix. 

0  Oih'ii-ilii-branoge.  —  In  Irish  called 
Oilean  oa  Bpanoj,  and  Branuock,  or 
Brannoge  Island,  in  English.  It  lies  off 
the  townland  of  Onagh,  ar  the  western  ex- 
tremity of  the  great  island  of  Aran. 
Larkin's  map  of  the  county  of  Galway. 

p  O'Brasil Tins   fabulous    island  has 

been  so  fully  noticed  in  recent  publica- 
tions, that  it  is  only  neces-ary  here  to  re- 
fer to  some  of  them,  viz.:  the  Tour  of  M. 
Boullaye  le  Gouz  in  Ireland,  A.  D.  1644, 
edited  by  T.  Crofton  Croker.  Lond.  1837, 
p.  68  ;  and  Irish  Minstrelsy.  Lond.  1831, 
vol.  i.  p.  369.     "  O'Brazil"  has  been  cele- 


69 

or  the  Lesser  Aran,  set  down  in  cards  of  navigation.  Whether  it  be 
reall  and  firm  land,  kept  hidden  by  speciall  ordinance  of  God,  as 
the  terrestiall  paradise,  or  else  some  illusion  of  airy  clouds  appearing 
on  the  surface  of  the  sea,  or  the  craft  of  evill  spirits*1,  is  more  than 
our  judgements  can  sound  out.  There  is,  westward  of  Aran,  in  sight 
of  the  next  continent  of  Balynahynsy  barony,  Skerde,  a  wild  island  of 
huge  rocks'",  the  receptacle  of  a  deale  of  seales  thereon  yearly  slaugh- 
tered. These  rocks  sometimes  appear  to  be  a  great  city  far  of,  full 
of  houses,  castles,  towers,  and  chimneys ;  sometimes  full  of  blazing- 
flames,  smoak,  and  people  running  to  and  fro.  Another  day  you 
would  see  nothing  but  a  number  of  ships,  with  their  sailes  and 
riggings  ;  then  so  many  great  stakes  or  reekes  of  corn  and  turf;  and 
this  not  only  on  fair  sun-shining  dayes,  whereby  it  might  be  thought 
the  reflection  of  the  sun-beamse,  on  the  vapours  arising  about  it,  had 
been  the  cause,  but  alsoe  on  dark  and  cloudy  days  happening.  There 

is 


brated  by  our  gifted  countryman,  Gerald 
Griffin,  in  a  pleasing  poem,  beginning  : 

"  On  the  ocean  that  hollows  the  rocks  where  ye 

dwell, 
A  shadowy  land  has  appeared,  as  they  tell, 
Men  thought  it  a  region  of  sunshine  and  rest, 
And  they  called  it  0' Brazil  the  isle  of  the  blest." 

For  the  remainder  of  this  poem,  see  the 
Life  of  Gerald  Griffin,  Lond.  1844,  p.  357. 
The  people  of  Aran  say,  that  O'Brazil  ap- 
pears but  once  every  seven  years. 

q  The  craft  of  evil  spirits. — This  is  alto- 
gether an  amusing  passage;  but,  in  the 
time  of  our  author,  people  were  not  quite 
so  sceptical  in  these  matters  as  they  are 
at  the  present  day.  For  some  examples  of 
this,  see  the  Additional  Notes  hereto. 


r  Huge  rocks Now  called  the  Skird 

Rocks,  lying  in  the  ocean,  west  of  Cashin 
Bay ;  about  nine  miles  north-west  of  the 
western  extremity  of  Aran-more.  The 
optical  illusions  here  so  well  described  by 
our  author,  seem  no  way  inferior  to  the 
celebrated  Fata  morgana  seen  in  the  Straits 
of  Messina,  and  which  the  Sicilians  call 
the  most  beautiful  sight  in  nature.  For  a 
description  of  the  latter,  given  from  Minai, 
by  Father  Angelucci,  see  Swinburne's 
Travels ;  and  also  that  very  pleasing  work, 
Buck's  "  Beauties,  Harmonies,  and  Subli- 
mities of  Nature."  See  also  the  Philo- 
sophical Magazine,  vol.  xiii.  p.  336;  and 
Mr.  Brewer's  Beauties  of  Ireland,  for  an 
animated    description   of  similar   exhibi- 


7° 


is  another  like  number  of  rocks,  called  Carrigmeacans,  on  the  same 
coast,  whereon  the  like  apparitions  are  seen.  But  the  inchanted 
island  of  O'Brasil  is  not  alwayes  visible,  as  those  rocks  are,  nor  these 
rocks  have  airways  those  apparitions. 

There  is  now  living,  Morogh  O'Ley',  who  immagins  he  was  him- 
self 


tions  which  took  place  in  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Youghall,  about  the  close  of  the 
last  century. 

s  Carrigmeacan — In  Irish  Capnaij  riiic 
Qnna,  now  Carriekmackan,  near  the  mouth 
of  Cashin  Bay ;  and  nearly  due  north  of 
the  Brannock  isles,  off  the  western  extre- 
mity of  the  great  island  of  Aran.  The 
aerial  phenomena  witnessed  here  and  at 
the  Skerds,  invest  these  wild  regions  with 
an  air  of  romantic  grandeur ;  and,  com- 
bined with  the  surrounding  scenery,  pre- 
sent a  view  altogether  indescribable.  When 
with  these  the  enchanted  isle  of  O'Brazil 
appears,  it  completes  a  picture  which  is 
said  to  be  unrivalled  in  any  other  part 
of  the  British  islands.  The  great  extent 
of  ocean  and  coast,  stretching  from  head- 
land to  headland,  as  far  as  the  eye  can 
reach,  heightens  the  magnificence  of  the 
scene. 

1  Morogh  O'Ley Lee  or  Lye.  The  cu- 
rious story  here  related  is  still  remem- 
bered, but  it  appears  to  have  received  some 
additional  embellishments  from  fancy.  One 
of  these  is  the  introduction  of  an  incident 
which  renders  our  author's  narrative  com- 
plete. It  is,  that  Morogh  O'Ley  received 
a  book  from  one  of  the  inhabitants  of 
O'Brazil,  with  an  injunction  not  to  look 


into  it  for  seven  years.  This  injunction 
he  faithfully  obeyed ;  and  when,  at  the  end 
of  the  time  prescribed,  he  opened  the  book, 
he  at  once  became  indued  with  the  gift  of 
healing,  and  began  to  practise  surgery  and 
physic  with  wonderful  success :  "  Tho'  he 
never  studyed  nor  practised  either  all  his 
lifetime  before,  as  all  we  that  knew  him 
since  he  was  a  boy  can  averr."  i 
words  almost  induce  a  supposition,  that 
our  author  believed  the  story.  The 
truth,  however,  seems  to  be,  that  Morogh 
O'Ley,  whose  patrimony  was  confiscated 
in  the  seventeenth  century,  turned  quack- 
doctor  to  obtain  a  livebhood  ;  and  that 
he  then  invented  the  story  of  O'Brazil 
and  the  book,  in  order  to  attract  atten- 
tion. It  is,  moreover  probable,  that  he 
was  previously  in  possession  of  the  book 
in  question  ;  and  that  it  had  descended 
to  him  from  his  ancestors,  who.  it  is 
known,  were  hereditary  physicians  in  Iar- 
Connaught. 

Among  the  records  connected  with  the 
memorable  Act  of  Settlement,  the  follow- 
ing document  appears,  in  A.  D.  1 663  :  -  To 
the  Eight  Honorable  His  Majesty's  Com- 
misMoners  for  executing  His  Gracious 
Declaration  for  the  Settlement  of  Ireland. 
— The  humble  petition  of  Morogh  O'Lve. 


71 


self  personally  in  O'Brazil  for  two  days,  and  saw  out  of  it  the  iles  of 
Aran,  Golamhead,  Irrosbeghill,  and  other  places  of  the  west  conti- 
nent he  was  acquainted  with.  The  manner  of  it  he  relates,  that 
being  in  Irrosainhagh,  in  the  south  side  of  the  barony  of  Balyna- 

hinsy, 


sheweth,  that  Edmond  O'Lye  of  Moyas- 
kragh,  deceased,  was  lawfully  seised  in 
his  demense  as  of  fee,  long  before  the  re- 
bellion, of  the  lands  following,  viz.,  Bolle- 
banane,  Gortnecony,  and  Balliskey,  in  the 
barony  of  Muckullin  and  county  of  Gal- 
way;  and  so  continued  seised,  till,  in  or 
about  the  yeare  1641,  he  mortgaged  the 
premisses  unto  one  Robert  Martin,  for 
the  sum  of  eighty  pounds.  That  the  said 
Edmond  dyed  in  or  about  the  year  1662, 
after  and  by  whose  decease,  the  power  of 
redemption  of  the  premisses  descended  to 
your  petitioner,  as  son  and  heir  unto  the 
said  Edmond.  That  the  said  Edmond  and 
the  petitioner  have  been  inoffensive,  never 
acted  any  thing  against  the  Crown  nor 
the  English  interest,  embraced  and  are 
included  in  the  Articles  of  peace  granted 
by  His  Majesty's  authority,  in  the  year 
1 648,  to  the  Irish,  and  constantly  thereto 
adhered.  The  petitioner  therefore  hum- 
bly prayeth  to  be  restored  to  his  said 
reversion  or  power  of  redemption,  accord- 
ing to  His  Majesty's  gracious  intention, 
by  which  persons  innocent  are  to  be  res- 
tored, and  petitioner  will  ever  pray : 
Morogh  O'Lye."  This  claim,  with  thou- 
sands of  a  similar  nature  made  at  the  time, 
was  rejected;  and  it  is  probable  that  then 
the  claimant  began  to  turn  his  thoughts 


to  medicine,  as  already  related.  The  book 
above  alluded  to,  lay  for  some  time  in  the 
possession  of  the  editor.  It  is  now  called 
the  Book  of  O'Brazil ;  and  certainly  was 
well  calculated  to  suggest  and  keep  up 
the  singular  deception  it  happened  to  be 
connected  with.  It  is  a  medical  manu- 
script on  vellum,  in  good  preservation, 
containing  forty-six  large  4to.  folios,  very 
well  written  in  Irish  and  Latin,  in  the 
fifteenth  century  (the  year  1434  occurs 
on  p.  76),  and  it  appears  to  have  remained 
until  a  late  period  in  the  possession  of  the 
Lee  family ;  for  the  name  P.  Lee  is  inscribed 
on  the  first  folio,  in  modern  handwriting. 
The  pages  are  curiously  ruled  and  divided, 
each  presenting  somewhat  the  appearance 
of  a  complex  astrological  figure.  It  pre- 
sents lists  of  various  diseases,  with  their 
cures,  mostly  arranged  in  parallel  columns, 
headed  Prognostics,  Region,  Season,  Age, 
Constitution,  Causa,  Signum,  Evacuatio, 
fyc.  An  account  of  this  volume,  given  by 
that  excellent  Irish  scholar,  Mr.  Curry,  ap- 
pears in  Doctor  Wilde's  valuable  Report, 
upon  the  tables  of  deaths,  contained  in  the 
Return  of  the  Commissioners  appointed  to 
take  the  Census  of  Ireland,  1841.  The 
"  Book  of  O'Brazil"  is  now  preserved  in 
the  library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy. 


72 

hinsy,  about  nine  leagues  from  Galway  by  sea,  in  the  month  of  Aprill, 
Anno  Domini  1668,  going  alone  from  one  village  to  another,  in  a 
melancholy  humour,  upon  some  discontent  of  his  wife,  he  was  en- 
countered by  two  or  three  strangers,  and  forcibly  carried  by  boat 
into  O'Brazil,  as  such  as  were  within  it  told  him,  and  they  could 
speak  both  English  and  Irish.  He  was  ferried  out  hoodwink'd,  in 
a  boat,  as  he  immagins,  till  he  was  left  on  the  sea  point  by  Galway ; 
where  he  lay  in  a  friend's  house  for  some  dayes  after,  being  very  des- 
perately ill,  and  knowes  not  how  he  came  to  Galway  then.  But.  by 
that  means,  about  seaven  or  eight  years  after,  he  began  to  practise 
both  chirurgery  and  phisick,  and  so  continues  ever  since  to  pract;- 
tho'  he  never  studyed  nor  practised  either  all  his  life  time  before,  as 
all  we  that  knew  him  since  he  was  a  boy  can  averr. 

In  the  Western  Ocean,  five  or  six  leagues  from  the  continent, 
there  is  a  sand  bank",  about  thirty  fathoms  deep  in  the  sea,  and  of 

very 


u  A  sand-bank This  is  the  well-known 

Cod  fishing  Bank,  which  lies  about  sixty 
miles  west  of  Achill  Head;  and  runs  south- 
ward by  Shark  Island,  parallel  -with  the 
western  coast  of  Ireland.  Upon  it  are 
vast  quantities  of  cod  and  ling.  In  the 
sixteenth  century,  and  even  later,  the 
Dutch  fished  here  with  considerable  suc- 
cess. The  poor  fishermen  of  Iar-Con- 
naught  are  now  unable  to  reach  this  bank, 
except  in  fine  weather ;  for  their  boats  are 
not  fit  to  stand  the  sea  on  the  bank,  and 
they  have  neither  fishing-tackle  nor  skill 
to  carry  on  this  deep-sea  fishing  to  any 
profitable  extent.  There  can  be  no  doubt, 
that,  during  the  summer  months,  with 
good  vessels  and  proper  tackle,  the  deep- 


sea  fishing  on  the  west  coast  of  Ire- 
land would  become  a  source  of  national 
wealth  and  strength.  Franklin  has  said  : 
"  He  that  puts  seed  into  the  ground  reaps 
forty- fold;  but  he  that  puts  a  line  into 
the  sea  and  pulls  out  a  fish,  pulls  out 
a  piece  of  silver."  On  this  subject  see 
the  evidence  of  William  Bald.  Esq..  before 
the  Select  Committee  on  the  Public  Works 
of  Ireland,  A.  D.  1835. 

The  above  bank  is  described  in  an  Ac- 
count of  a  Tour  through  Ireland,  by  Dr. 
Pococke,  A.  D.  1752,  preserved  in  MS.  in 
the  Library  of  Trinity  Cc liege,  Dublin, 
I.4,  15,  as  follows:  "About  ten  leagues 
off(t.e.  icest  of  Clare  Island,  on  the  western 
coast)  is  a  bank  where  there  are  plenty  of 


73 

very  small  breadth,  which  extends  from  Ulster  to  Minister,  all  along 
the  western  coasts  of  Connaught.  It  is  called  in  Irish  Imaireboy,  or 
the  yellow  ridge;  and,  in  English,  the  Cod  Fishing  Bank,  where 
people  in  summer  season  use  to  goe  in  boats  a  fishing  from  Bonn, 
the  Owles,  Irros  Downanv,  and  some  parts  of  the  barony  of  Balyna- 
hinsy,  and  are  there  in  their  boats  over  night.  From  this  bank,  about 
twenty  years  agoe,  a  boat  out  of  the  Owles  was  blown  westward  by 
night;  next  day  about  noon,  they  spyed  land  so  near  them,  that 
they  could  see  sheep  within  it,  and  yet  durst  not,  for  fear  of  illusions, 
touch  shore,  imagining  it  was  O'Brasil ;  and  they  were  two  dayes 
coming  back  towards  home.  Soe  much  of  the  inchanted  island ; 
whence  we  come  back  again  to  Aran. 

The  isles  of  Aran  are  fameous  for  the  numerous  multitude  of 
saintsw  there  living  of  old  and  interred,  or  there  trained  in  religious 
austerity,  and  propagating  monasticall  discipline  in  other  parts ;  ve- 
nerable 


cod,  and  it  is  supposed  that  it  is  part  of 
that  bank  which  extends  to  Newfound- 
land, being  supposed  to  be  hills  in  the 
sea  where  the  fish  lye.  On  this  they  have 
between  forty  and  fifty  fathom  water :  the 
fish  have  very  much  failed  on  all  the  coast, 
since  they  have  burned  the  sea- weed  for 
kelp,  which  they  not  only  take  away  as 
the  sea  leaves  it,  but  they  cut  it  off  in  the 
sea,  that  it  may  be  thrown  up,  the  fish 
spawning  on  this  weed." — p.  62. 

v  Irros  Downan.  —  lopnup  t)orhncmn, 
the  present  barony  of  Erris,  in  the  county 
of  Mayo.  See  the  interesting  description 
of  this  barony,  entitled,  "  Erris  in  the 
Irish  Highlands,"  by  P.  Knight,  Civil  En- 
gineer: Dublin,  1836.  Until  the  publi- 
IEISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5. 


cation  of  Mr.  Knight's  book,  this  now 
rapidly  improving  and  important  district 
remained  "  almost  unnoticed  and  un- 
known."— Preface,  p.  vi. 

w  Saints Of  the   multitude   of  holy 

men  who  lived  and  died  on  these  islands, 
for  a  period  of  more  than  a  thousand 
years  after  the  introduction  of  Christi- 
anity, the  names  of  few  only  are  re- 
corded :  "  Nemo  scit  numerum  sanctorum 
qui  sepulti  sunt  ibi,  nisi  solus  Deus." 
Nobody  but  God  alone  knows  the  number 
of  saints  that  lie  buried  there,  as  our 
author,  further  on,  quotes  from  the  life  of 
St.  Albeus.  Colgan,  Acta  SS.  p.  7 1 4 ;  and 
Ware,  Ant.  249.  "  Et  magna  est  ilia  in- 
sula, et  est  terra  sanctorum." 


74 

nerable  for   many  sacred   churches",  chappells,  wells,  crosses    se- 
pulchers,  and  other  holy  reliques  of  saints  still  there  extant,   as 

monuments 


x  Sacred  churches In  A.  D.  1 645,  or 

shortly  before,  a  description  of  the  churches 
and  chapels  of  the  archdiocess  of  Tuam, 
in  the  west  of  Ireland,  was  compiled  by 
Doctor  Malachias  O'Cadhla  ( O'Kealy),  then 
Eoman  Catholic  prelate  in  that  see  ;  and 
so  much  of  his  description  as  related  to 
the  islands  of  Aran,  is  fortunately  pre- 
served in  Colgan's  Acta  Sanctorum  Hi- 
bernian. Within  ten  years  from  that  date, 
the  principal  churches  of  Aranmore  were 
destroyed  by  Cromwell's  governors  of 
those  islands,  and  the  materials  applied 
to  the  building  of  the  "  citadel,"  and  other 
works  of  defence  then  erected  there.  A 
translation  of  the  portion  of  Doctor 
O'Kealy's  description,  preserved  by  Col- 
gan,  is  here  subjoined.  The  original  will 
be  found  in  Acta  SS.  p.  714. 

"of  the  three  islands  of  akan  and  their 
churches. 
"  Concerning  the  churches  of  these 
islands  (and  first  of  the  first  island), 
and  their  patrons  and  other  saints,  re- 
ceive the  following  from  a  tabular  des- 
cription of  the  churches  of  the  diocese  of 
Tuam  (in  which  it  lies),  lately  transmit- 
ted to  us,  and  faithfully  written  by  the 
most  illustrious  lord  Malachias  Quadams 
[O'Kealy],  archbishop  of  Tuam,  a  man  dis- 
tinguished for  his  zeal  in  religion,  and 
endowed  with  every  virtue  ;  extracted  as 
they  lie : 


"  1.  The  parish  church  (to  wit  of  the 
first  island)  commonly  called  Kill-Enda, 
lies  in  the  county  of  Galway  and  half  ba- 
rony of  Aran  ;  and  in  it  St.  Endeus,  or 
Enna,  is  venerated  as  patron,  on  the  2 1  ?i 
of  March. 

"2.  The  church  called  Teglack-Enda, 
to  which  is  annexed  a  cemetery,  wherein 
is  the  sepulchre  of  St.  Endeus ;  with  one 
hundred  and  twenty-seven  other  sepul- 
chres, wherein  none  but  saints  were  ever 
buried. 

"3.  The  church  called  TempuR  mar 
Longa,  dedicated  to  St.  Mac  Longiu 
situated  near  the  parish  church,  which  is 
called  sometimes  KiE-Enda,  that  is  the 
cella  or  cell  of  St.  Endeu-.  and  -•metimee 
Tern  pull  morEnda,  or  the  great  church  of 
Endeu-. 

"4.  The  church  called  Temjndl  mic 
Canonn,  near  the  aforesaid  parish  church. 

"  5.  The  church  called  of  St  Mary, 
not  far  from  the  same  parish  church. 

"  6.  The  church  which  is  named  7 
pull  Benain,    or   the  Temple  of  St,  Be- 
nignus. 

"7.  The  church  called  Mainittir  ( 
nachtach,  that  is  the  Connaught  monastery : 
in  the  place  of  which,  being  afterwards 
demolished,  was  built  a  chapel  dedicated 
to  St.  Kieran. 

"  8.  The  church  called  KiU-na-manach, 
that  is  the  church  or  cell  of  the  monks, 


75 

monuments  of  their  piety  ;  reverenced  for  many  rare  priviledges  of 
sacred  places  therein,  and  the  instant  divine  punishments  inflicted 

on 


which  was  dedicated  to  St.  Cathradochus, 
orCaradoc  the  monk,  surnamed  Garbh,  or 
the  rough. 

"  9.  The  church  called  Tempull- Assur- 
nuidke,  which  is  said  to  be  dedicated  to 
St.  Assurnidhe  (or,  perhaps,  Esserninus), 
and  this  church  is  held  in  the  greatest 
veneration  among  the  islanders. 

"  10.  The  church  called  Tempull  an 
cheathruir  aluinn,  or  the  church  of  the  four 
beautiful  [saints]  who  were,  saints  Fursey, 
Brendan  of  Birr,  Conall,  and  Berchann  ; 
whose  bodies  are  also  said  to  be  buried  in 
the  same  tomb,  lying  in  the  cemetery  of 
the  same  church. 

"n.  The  church  called  Tempull-mic- 
Duach,  or  the  church  of  St.  Mac  Duagh 
(who  is  also  called  Colmanus,  surnamed 
Mac-Duagh),  which  is  a  handsome  church 
dedicated  to  that  saint. 

"12.  The  handsome,  and  formerly  pa- 
rochial church,  called  Tempull  Breccain, 
or  the  church  of  Brecan,  dedicated  to  the 
same  Saint  Brecan,  in  which  also  his  feast 
is  celebrated  on  the  22  nd  of  May. 

"13.  The  church  near  the  aforesaid 
church  of  St.  Brecan,  which  is  commonly 
called  Tempull  a  phuill. 

"  Thus  far  of  the  churches  and  chapels 
of  the  first  island,  from  the  list  just  men- 
tioned, of  the  most  illustrious  prelate  of 
Tuam.  Moreover  we  read  in  our  Martyr- 
ologies,  that  the  birth-day  of  St.  Endeus 


is  celebrated  on  the  2 1  st  of  March  ;  that 
of  St.  Goban  on  the  30th  of  March  and 
30th  of  May ;  of  St.  Cronan,  on  the  8th 
of  March  ;  St.  Nehemias,  on  the  14th  of 
June  ;  and  St.  Benedict,  on  the  same  1 4th 
of  June ;  wherefore,  I  think  that  he  is 
the  same  saint,  who  is  called  by  the  calen- 
dar of  Cashel  Benedict,  and  by  other 
Martyrologies,  Nehemias 

"  In  the  second  or  middle  island,  ac- 
cording to  the  same  list,  there  is  one 
church  called  Tempull  Ceannannack,  dedi- 
cated to  the  same  St.  Ceannannach  ;  and 
another  church  dedicated  to  the  Blessed 
Virgin  ;  both  subject  to  the  parish  of  St. 
Endeus. 

"  In  the  third  island  of  Aran,  which  is 
also  called  Ard-Oilen: 

"  1.  The  church  of  Kill-Choemhain,  de- 
dicated to  St.  Coeman,  and  in  which  also 
he  is  venerated. 

"  2.  The  church  consecrated  to  St. 
Paul. 

"  3.  The  church  called  Kill-Gradh-an- 
Domhain,  in  which  Gobnata  is  venerated 
on  the  1  ith  of  February. 

"  In  this  island  there  was  formerly  a 
celebrated  monastery  called  Kill-Choemain 
(of  which  above),  in  which  St.  Coeman  is 
venerated  on  the  12th  of  June,  from 
which  also  the  island  itself  is  called  Ara- 
choemain." 

Colgan,  as  may  be  seen  in  the  foregoing 
2 


76 

on  such  as  dare  violate  or  prophane  them ;  frequently  visited  by 
Christians  in  pilgrimage  for  devotion,  acts  of  pennance,  and  miracu- 
lous virtues  there  wrought. 

Ara-Mhor,  the  greatest  and  furthest  to  the  west  of  them,  con- 
taines  twenty-four  quarters  of  land,  and  is  twenty- four  miles  in  com- 
pass; wherein,  on  the  south  side,  stands  Dun-Engusy,  a  large  fortified 

place 


extract,  has  stated  that  the  third  island  of 
Aran  was  called  Ard-Oilen ;  but  in  that 
he  was  mistaken,  for  none  of  these  three 
islands  was  ever  called  or  known  by  that 
name.    Ard  Oilen  is  an  island  lying  several 
leagues  north-west  of  the  islands  of  Aran, 
and  is  well-known  at  present  by  that  name, 
which  is  translated  High-island,  its  pre- 
sent appellation  in  English.     This  was  a 
mere  oversight  of  the  learned  and  labo- 
rious Colgan,  for  in  the  life  of  St.  Fechin, 
p.  135,    n.  13,  he  had  previously  stated, 
that  Ard-Oilen  lay  a  few  leagues  towards 
the  west  from  Immagia  (Omey),  which  is  a 
considerable  distance  from  the  islands  of 
Aran.     He  has  also  referred  to  the  Four 
Masters,  but  they  only  record  the  death 
of  St.  Gormgal,  of  Ard-Oilen,  in  A.  D. 
1017,  and  do  not  confound  it  with  Aran. 
Doctor  Lanigan,  relying  on  Colgan,  fell 
into  the  same  mistake,  calling  Ard-Oilen 
"One  of  the  Aran  islands,"  chap,  xxiii. 
See  further  on,  for  what  our  author  says 
of  Ard-Oilen.    If  our  limits  permit,  an  ac- 
count of  the  ecclesiastical  remains  in  the 
islands  of  Aran,  alluded  to  by  our  au- 
thor, will  be  given  in  the  Appendix. 
1  Dun-Engus. — Mr.  Petrie,  in  his  evi- 


dence before  the  Government  Commis- 
sioners of  Inquiry  on  the  Ordnance  Me- 
moir for  Ireland,  A.D.  1843.  has  stated, 
that  "  Dun  Aenguis  in  Aran,  which  was 
erected  in  the  first  century,  is.  perhaps, 
one  of  the  most  magnificent  barbaric  mo- 
numents remaining  in  Europe;  it  was  a 
fortress  of  the  Belgian  kings  in  Ireland." — 
Report  presented  to  Sir  Robert  Peel.  p.  36. 
In  addition  to  the  al  ription  of  this 

remarkable  place,  see  our  author" 
p.  175;  which  is  the  only  published  ac- 
count ever  given  of  Dun  Engus.  In  what 
Doctor  Ledwieh  has  written  of  it  in  his 
Antiquities  of  Ireland,  p.  141.  and  in 
Grose's  Antiquities  v\  Ireland,  vol.  ii.  p.  v. 
there  is  not.  even  by  chance,  one  word  of 
truth;  except  what  little  he  copied  from 
the  Ogygia.  Our  author  above  states  the 
cliff  on  which  Dun  Engus  stands,  to  be 
1 00  fathoms  deep ;  but  that  statement  he 
has  omitted  in  the  Ogygia.  It  is  not.  in 
fact,  more  than  fifty  fathoms  deep.  He 
further  above  states  the  surrounding  wall 
to  be  "in  compass  -  2  -  a  large  castle 
bawn;'"  but  finding  that  description  con- 
veyed no  definite  idea  of  its  extent,  he 
tried   to   define  it  better   in   the   Og 


77 


place,  on  the  brim  of  a  high  clifft,  a  hundred  fathoms  deep  :  being  a 
great  wall  of  bare  stones  without  any  mortar,  in  compass  as  big  as 

a  large 


p.  175,  by  stating  that  it  would  "  contain 
200  cows  in  its  area."  Even  this  is  de- 
fective ;  for  it  is  certain  that  its  area  would 
encompass  more  than  1000  cows.  The 
limits  of  these  notes  prevent  further  no- 
tices here,  which,  if  space  will  allow,  may 
be  given  in  the  Appendix.  But  having 
(note  x,  p.  74)  given  a  list  of  the  Christian 
remains  of  antiquity  in  these  islands,  I  here 
subj  oin  a  similar  list  of  their  principalPagan 
antiquities.  And  first  of  the  great  island: 

1.  Dun   JEngus This   great   Pagan 

fortress  is  situate,  in  a  considerably  ruin- 
ous state,  on  the  south  side  of  the  island, 
in  the  south-west  of  the  townland  of  Kil- 
murvey.  It  was  erected  in  the  first  cen- 
tury of  Christianity  (see  Mac  Firbis's 
Account  of  the  Firbolgs,  in  the  library  of 
the  Royal  Irish  Academy).  This  is  perhaps 
one  of  the  finest  specimens  of  barbaric 
fortresses  extant. 

2.  Dun  Eoghanacht,  in  the  western  side 
of  the  island,  on  the  townland  of  Eogh- 
anacht,  from  which  it  is  called.  The  ori- 
ginal name  is  lost.  Much  of  the  surrounding 
wall  is  still  in  good  preservation,  and  is,  in 
some  parts,  from  twelve  to  sixteen  feet  in 
height. 

3.  Dun  Eochla,  situate  on  the  highest 
part  of  the  townland  of  Eochoill;  from 
which  it  is  named,  the  original  name  being 
also  lost.  It  is  in  better  preservation  than 
Dun  iEngus. 


4.  At  the  village  of  Eochoill,  about  half 
a  mile  south-east  of  Dun  Eochla,  there 
are  strongly  marked  traces  of  another  dun 
or  fort.  Its  original  name  is  also  lost,  but 
the  people  relate  that  it  was  the  strongest 
fort  on  the  island. 

5.  Dubh-Cathair,  anglicized  Doocaher, 
i.  e.  the  black  dun  or  fort,  is  situate  on 
the  townland  of  Killeany,  over  the  edge 
of  a  high  cliff;  and  to  all  appearance  is 
the  oldest  dun  on  the  island.  Its  wall  is 
in  some  places  twenty  feet  high. 

6.  About  half  a  mile  south-west  of  the 
village  of  Kilronan,  are  the  remains  of 
another  dun,  but  entirely  in  ruins. 

7.  Dun  Conchobhair,  the  Dun  of  Con- 
nor, on  the  middle  island.  This  and  Dun 
iEngus  are  the  only  duns  or  forts  men- 
tioned by  our  author.  See  further  on 
above,  and  in  Ogyg.,  pp.  175,  176.  It  is 
situated  on  a  rocky  eminence  commanding 
a  view  of  nearly  the  entire  island.  This  ap- 
pears to  have  been  a  more  considerable  fort, 
ress  than  even  Dun  iEngus,  to  which  it  is 
superior  in  masonry  and  extent.  Its  wall, 
in  some  places,  is  twenty  feet  high. 

8.  Mothar  Dun,  on  the  middle  island  is 
situated  in  a  commanding  situation  on  the 
south-east  division  or  townland  called 
Mohar.  It  is  about  the  same  size  as  Du 
Eoghanacht  on  the  great  island,  and  no 
unlike  it  in  its  general  appearance. 


78 

a  large  castle  bawn,  with  severall  long  stones  on  the  outside, 
erected  sloapewise  about  it  against  assaults.  It  is  named  of  Engus 
McAnathmore  [Uathmorey],  of  the  reliques  of  the  Belgmen  in  Ireland, 
there  living  about  the  birth-time  of  Christ.  On  the  east  side  thereof, 
the  island  is  somewhat  soelow,  that  about  the  year  1 640,  upon  an  ex- 
traordinary inundation,  the  sea,  overflowing  that  bank,  went  cross 
over  the  island,  to  the  north-west. 

The  king's  castle  and  manor  of  Arkinz  stood  on  the  north  side, 
over  the  ship  harbour ;  for  the  service  of  which  castle  all  the  patents. 
in   capite,   of  West-Connaught,    granted    by  Queen  Elizabeth  and 

Ejng 


9.  Cathair  na  m-ban, — civitas  mulierum, 
on  the  south  island,  is  now  entirely  in 
ruins.  There  is  not  at  this  day  extant 
any  tradition  concerning  it,  or  even  its 
name.  I  am  obliged  here  to  discontinue 
any  further  description  of  these,  and  some 
.other  remains  of  pagan  antiquity  to  be 
seen  on  the  Aran  islands ;  but  if  space  al- 
lows it  may  be  resumed  in  the  Appendix. 

y  Engus  Mc  Uathmore  (Uaorhop) — He 
was  king  or  leader  of  the  "Bolgmen,"  Fir- 
bolgs  or  Belgaj,  at  the  time  alluded  to  by 
our  author ;  and  by  him  the  great  fortress 
of  Dun  iEngxis  was  erected.  See  the  Book 
of  Lecan,  fo.  2  7  7,  b ;  and  the  Account  of  the 
Firbolgs,  by  Duald  Mac  Firbis,  preserved 
in  the  Library  of  the  Eoyal  Irish  Academy, 
as  before  mentioned.  This  latter  curious 
piece  of  Irish  history  yet  remains  in  manu- 
script ;  but  it  is  hoped,  that  it  will  be 
published  under  the  auspices  of  the  Irish 
Archasological  Society. 

*  Arkin. — In  Irish,  Clipcin.  The  chiefs 
of  the  O'Briens,  who  for  many  centuries 


possessed  the  isles  of  Aran,  held  their 
principal  residence  at  Aircin,  a  command- 
ing situation  on  tb  8  'the 
Annals  of  the  Four  Masters,  at  A.  I>. 
1565,  et  ante,  p.  65,  note  f .  They  wen- 
soon  after  this  expelled  by  the  OTflaher- 
ties;  who  in  their  turn  were  di- 
by  Queen  Elizabeth,  by  whom  the  castle 
of  Arkin  was  erected  on  the  site  of  O'Bri- 
en's fortress.  In  A.  D.  1585,  on  the  Com- 
position then  effected,  all  the  patent* 
Iar-Connaught  were  granted  to  be  held  as 
of  "  the  Queen's  manor  or  castle  of  Ar- 
kyne."  In  two  years  after  this,  the  islands 
of  Aran  were  granted  by  letter-  patent  to 
John  Raw>un,  who.  in  an  instrument  dated 
5th  June,  A.  D.  1594,  inrolled  in  the  Rolls' 
Office,  Dublin,  is  called  "  an  industrious 
discoverer  of  lands  for  the  Queen."  Arkin 
was  considerably  fortified  in  the  time  of 
Cromwell,  but  it  is  now  in  ruins.  Tht 
inundation  mentioned  by  our  author,  is 
still  spoken  of  in  the  island. 


79 

King  James,  were  held ;  in  place  whereof,  now  stands  a  cittadell,  in 
the  usurper  Cromwell's  time  erected.  This  island  was  inhabited  by 
infidells  out  of  Corcomroea,  the  next  adjacent  countrey  in  the  county 
of  Clare,  when  St.  Enna  got  it  (by  the  donation  of  Engus  King  of 
Munster),  Anno  Christi  circiter  480  (  War.  Antiq.  p.  249),  who 
there  laid  the  first  foundation  of  piety,  and  sowed  that  small  grain 
of  mustard-seed  (Math.  13,  31)  which  so  increased,  that  this  island 
was  called  Ara  Sanctorum.  Whereunto  may  be  applyed  the  pro- 
phecy of  Isaias :  "  In  cubilibus  in  quibus  prius  habitabant  dracones 
orietur  viror  calami  et  junci,  et  erit  ibi  semita  et  via,  et  via  sancta  vo- 
cabitur." — (Isai.  35,  7.)  The  author  of  Saint  Kieran,  first  abbot  of 
Cluinmacnois,  Anno  549  deceased,  his  life,  thus  expresseth  the  in- 
finit  number  of  saints  in  that  island  in  his  own  time  :  "  In  qua  mul- 
titudo  sanctorum  virorum  manet,  et  inumerabiles  sancti,  omnibus 
incogniti  nisi  soli  Deo  omnipotenti,  ibi  jacent."  The  like  expression 
is  to  be  found  in  St.  Albeus,  bishiop  of  Imly,  his  life,  thus  :  "  Magna 
est  ilia  insula,  et  est  terra  sanctorum ;  quia  nemo  scit  numerum 
sanctorum  qui  sepulti  sunt  ibi,  nisi  solus  Deus." 

St.  Ennab,  son  of  Conall  Dearg,  of  the  noble  Orgiellian  family  in 
Ulster,  and  brother-in-law,  by  his  sister,  to  King  Engus  of  Munster 
aforesaid,  followed  the  evangellical  precept  of  forsaking  a  rich  patri- 
mony for  Christ,  and  his  merits  brought  him  to  be  abbot  beyond 
seas  in  Italy,  before  he  came  with  one  hundred  and  fifty  religious 

persons 

a  Infidells  out  of  Corcomroe. — See  ante,  deinceps.     This  holy  man  was  prince  of 

p.  65,  note  f.     These  infidels  were  headed  Orgial,   or   Oriel,   Oip^iallu,   a   district 

by  a  leader  named  Corbanus,  for  a  curious  which,  in  his  time,  comprehended  the  pre- 

account  of  whom,  see  Colgan's  Acta  SS.  sent  counties  of  Louth,  Monaghan,  and 

p.  707,  c.  xv,  xvi.  Armagh  ;  but  he  abandoned  all  for  a  re- 

b  St.  Enna. — In  Irish,  Ginne  ;  in  Latin,  ligious  life  in  Aran,  where,   and  in  Iar- 

Endeus.     The  first  abbot  of  Aran.     See  Connaught,  his  memory  is  held,   to  the 

his  life  in  Colgan's  Acta  SS.   p.  704,  et  present  day,  in  the  highest  veneration. 


8o 


persons  to  Aran,  where  he  lived  to  his  decrepit  age,  upwards  of  fifty- 
eight  years,  for  St.  Kieran  aforesaid,  lived  nine  years  under  his  dis- 
cipline, and  left,  Anno  538.  (  Usser.  in  Iiidice  Chronohg.)  His  suc- 
cessors, abbots  of  Aran,  continued,  I  suppose,  to  the  time  of  [the] 
suppression  of  abbeys.  The  last  of  whom  I  find  recorded,  was 
Donatus  O'Leyn,  abbot  of  Aran,  Anno  Domini  1 400. 

The  memory  of  St.  Gregory  the  Greatc,  kept  in  this  island,  was 
doubtless  because  [?  become]  much  reverenced  of  old  in  Ireland,  and 
honoured  with  the  title  of  golden  mouth,  as  Cumianus  writes  in  his 
letter,  Anno  circiter  634  (  Usser.  loco  ut  et  in  Sylloge  Epnst.  p.  3 1 ) :  "  Ad 
Gregorii  Papas,  urbis  Romas  episcopi  (a  nobis  in  commune  suscepti. 
et  oris  aurei  appellatione  donati)  verba  me  converti,"  by  which  name 
he  is  known  to  this  day  in  Irish. 

GiraldusCambrensis  ( Topogr.Hib.  dist.  2,  cap.  6)  was  misinformed*1, 

to 


c  St.  Gregory  the  Great Previous  to 

A.  D.  596,  when  this  great  Pope  sent  St. 
Austin  to  convert  the  English,  he  seems 
to  have  known  but  little  of  that  people. 
See  Bede,  Hist.  Eccl.  B.  ii.  c.  i.  It  was 
otherwise  with  respect  to  the  Irish,  who 
had  been  long  before  that  time  converted  to 
Christianity.  From  the  letter  of  Cunimi- 
anus  above  quoted,  there  can  be  no  doubt 
that  the  memory  of  Pope  Gregory  was 
"  much  reverenced  of  old  in  Ireland;"  but 
there  is  no  authority  for  any  direct  or 
immediate  connexion  between  him  and 
our  islands  of  Aran.  We  are  told  above, 
that  his  memory  was  kept  in  the  great 
island ;  and  tradition  asserts,  that  the 
ship-road,  or  sound  between  it  and  middle 
island  was  called  after  him,  "  Gregory's 
sound."      It  is,  however,  much  more  pro- 


bable, that  Gregory's  sound  was  called 
after  St.  Ceannannach  (Cecmnpionncic), 
whose  church,  on  the  middle  islam:. 
described  in  Archbishop  O'Kealy'e  list 
(p.  74,  note  x.)  This  latter  saint's  r<.-al 
name,  according  to  tradition, 
and  by  that  name  he  is  still  called  in  the 
parish  of  Ballinakill  (of  which  he  is  patron), 
in  Ballinahinch  barony.  See  more  of  him 
in  our  author's  account  of  that  ban: 

d  Cambrensis  was  misinformed, Wart- 
treats  all  the  relations  of  Cambrensis  above 
alluded  to  as  fabulous:  "  Sed  audi  porrd 
fabulosam  relationem  de  hac  Insula  ex 
Giraldi  Cambrensis  topogr." — A/itiq.  cap. 
xxviii.  Ledwich,  who  undertook  to  de- 
fend Cambrensis,  has  not  even  once  alluded 
to  these  fables  about  Aran.  He  asks,  who 
are  Cambrensis'  accusers?  and  answers  his 


8i 


to  say  that  St.  Brendan  was  the  chiefe  patron  of  this  island  (St.  Bren- 
dan visited  St.  Ennae  here  once,  passing  to  Kerry;  and,  another 
time,  on  his  second  adventure  of  navigation  on  the  ocean).  And 
that  humane  carcasses  need  nro  buriall  in  it,  as  free  from  putre- 
faction ;  which  last  was  attributed  to  Inisgluairef  on  the  sea  of  Irros- 

downan, 


own  question  thus:  "Richard  Stanihurst, 
John  Lynch,  and  Abbe  M'Geoghegan, 
and  other  Roman  Catholic  writers  who 
detested  the  English  name  and  nation, 
and  who  esteemed  it  the  cruellest  dispen- 
sation of  Providence  to  be  subject  to 
them." — Antiq.  p.  367.  Great  wits  are 
said  to  have  short  memories.  The  Doctor 
here  forgot  that  Cambrensis  was  himself 
one  of  the  same  class.  Akin  to  Cambren- 
sis's  account  of  the  dead  in  Aran,  was  his 
description  of  the  living  in  the  island  of 
Monaincha,  in  Tipperary ;  thus  rendered  of 
old  into  "  the  comen  Englyshe  tonge,"  by 
the  learned  "  Authour  of  The  Mirroure  and 
Description  of  theWorlde:"  "  There  is  an 
other  ile  wherein  noe  man  may  die  in  noe 
time  of  the  worlde  ;  but  when  they  bene 
so  oulde  and  feable  that  ther  members 
faile  and  ake  and  live  with  gret  paine, 
that  they  may  not  helpe  ne  sustaine  theni- 
selffe,  and  that  they  had  lever  die  then 
leve,  they  doe  then  {desire)  to  be  borne 
in  to  an  other  ile,  and  over  the  water,  for 
to  die  :  and  treas  that  bene  in  this  ile 
kepe  ther  leves  grene,  and  verdure  all 
times  of  the  yeare,  winter  and  somer." — 
MS.  in  Lib.  Trin.  Coll.  Dub.  E.  3,  8.  Led* 
wich  assures  his  readers,  that  the  passage 
just  quoted,  must  be  understood  "in  a 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.  NO.  1 5.  M 


refined  and  spiritual  sense." — Antiq.  p. 
115. 

e  St.  Brendan  visited  St.  Enna. — See 
Primord.  p.  963,  for  the  first  visit  here 
alluded  to.  The  second  took  place  before 
St.  Brendan  set  out  on  his  "  seven  years" 
adventurous,  and  to  this  day,  mysterious 
voyage  ;  on  which  occasion,  as  related  in 
his  acts,  he  received  the  benediction  of  St. 
Enna  ;  but  that  must  have  been  long  be- 
fore A.  D.  545,  the  time  assigned  by  Col- 
gan  (Ind.  Ckron.),  as  observed  by  Dr. 
Lanigan,  vol.  ii.  p.  35.  Although  this 
celebrated  "  navigation"  of  St.  Brendan  is 
one  of  the  most  curious  facts  of  Irish  his- 
tory, yet  it  is  more  than  probable,  that 
it  never  will  be  satisfactorily  explained. 
Lanigan  (loc.  cit.)  seems  to  think  that  the 
Saint  reached  some  part  of  America. 

f  Inisgluaire. — This  island,  now  gene- 
rally called  Inisglory,  lies  in  the  ocean, 
about  a  mile  west  of  the  village  of  Cross, 
within  the  Mullet,  in  the  parish  of  Kil- 
more,  and  barony  of  Erris,  county  of 
Mayo.  In  Mr.  Knight's  map  of  Erris, 
the  ruins  of  an  abbey  are  given  at  Cross, 
called  mainirrip  na  cpoipe.  The  Book 
of  Bally  mote,  fo.  140,  and  Ogyg.  p.  291, 
mention  the  fabulous  properties  attri- 
buted to  Inisglory,  which  have  been  above 


82 


downan,  and  there  itself  it  is  by  experience  found  false.  But  what 
he  alledges,  that  it  did  not  breed  rats,  and  that  by  chance,  thither 
transported,  they  immediately  dyed,  I  believe  was  true  in  his  time ; 
for  that  is  the  nature  of  all  the  rest  of  the  territorie,  except  the  dis- 
tricts of  Galway  town.  It  was  held  an  ominous  presage  of  the  fol- 
lowing alteration,  that  ratsg  frequented  Moycullin  for  one  year, 
ending  in  Lent,  165^,  at  which  time  they  all  parted  in  one  night, 
after  devouring  a  carcass  of  mutton  to  the  bones.  About  the  same 
time  they  infested  the  castle  of  Bunowan  for  two  years,  till  it  was 
all  burnt,  31st  January,  165%.  In  Irish  they  are  still  called  French 
mice,  for  there  was  a  time  when  they  were  no  where  in  Ireland. 
Near  the  castle  of  Arkin  was  St.  Enna's  church,  and  an  abbey  of 
Saint  Francis11,  both  demolished  for  building  the  cittadell  with  their 
stones.     Soe  all-devouring  time  : 

"Diruit:,  sedificat,  mutat  quadrata  rotundis." 


disposed  of  by  our  author.  On  this  little 
island  are  to  be  seen  the  ruins  of  four 
of  those  primitive  stone  houses  called 
Cloghans  (see  note  n,  p.  68,  ante)  nearly  of 
a  bee-hive  form,  and  three  small  churches, 
the  oldest  of  which  is  dedicated  to  St. 
Brendan,  the  patron  of  the  island ;  the 
other  two  are  not  ancient.  That  near  St. 
Brendan's  is  called  Ceampull  na  b-peap, 
the  church  of  the  men  ;  and  the  other, 
Ueanipult  na  m-ban,  or  the  church  of 
the  women.  Near  the  latter  is  a  well  de- 
dicated to  the  saint. 

g  Rats. — The  migratory  habits  of  these 
animals  are  well  known.  Martin,  in  his 
Description  of  the  Western  Islands  of 
Scotland,  states  that  "  a  swarm  of  rats,  but 
none  knows  how,  came  into  Rona  (isle). 


X..! 


and  in  a  short  time  eat  up  all  the  corn  in 
the  island,"  p.  14.    These  Uica  fpuncaca. 
or  French  mice,  a<  they  arc  still  called,  are 
now  unhappily  to  be  found  in  "  all  the  ter- 
ritorie" of  Iar-Connaught :  which, 
was  exempt  from  them  in  the  days  of  our 
author.  See  p.  10,  note  x.    Pocock.-.  in  hi? 
Tour,  referred  to  p.  72,  note^.o/ 
the  island  of  Inisglory,  mentioned  in  the 
last  preceding  note:   "  They  Bay  no  rat  or 
mouse  will  live  in  it.  and  go  so  far  1 
affirm,   that  if  they  bring  the  earth  and 
>hake  it   in  a  rick  of  corn,  none  of  \.    - 
vermin  will   touch  it." — p.  59.     See  the 
Additional  Xotes  for  a  curious  communi- 
cation on  this  subject. 

h  Abbey  of  St.  Francis. — Ware  Btal  -. 
vol.  i.  p.  280,  that  this  abbey  wa<  erected 


83 


Not  far  from  thence,  to  the  east,  remains  a  small  chappell  of  St. 
Enna,  wherein  Sir  Morogh  OTlaherty'1  of  Bunowan  was  buried, 
Anno  D.  1666.  The  outside  of  this  chappell,  north-east,  is  the 
church-yard,  where  antiently  were  120  graves  of  saints,  in  one  of 
which  St.  Enna  was  buried,  where  the  stone  laid  over  him  is  as  yet 
to  be  seen,  together  with  diverse  other  tomb-stonesj  still  extant. 
Here  numerous  saints  interred  (as  in  other  parts  of  the  island)  rest 
in  peace,  till  the  day  of  generall  resurrection. 

There  is,  on  the  east  side  of  this  island,  Portdoibhchek,  i.  e. 
Portus-Doly,  mentioned  in  St.  Enn's  life  (cap.  16),  now  corruptly 
Port-eiche ;  and  in  each  of  the  two  other  islands  is  Trach-na-neach, 
or  Tract-each,  i.  e.  the  Horse's- shore1,  situated  as  in  his  life  (cap.  15). 

But 


in  A.  D.  1485,  but  does  not  mention  by 
whom.  It  was  probably  founded  by  the 
O'Briens,  who  were  then  the  possessors  of 
these  islands. 

i  Sir  Morogh  (J Flaherty In  his  life- 
time better  known  by  the  name  of  Morogh. 
na  Mart,  or  Morogh  of  the  Beeves.  He 
was,  in  his  day,  the  most  powerful  of  the 
western  O'Flaherties.  His  principal  re- 
sidence was  the  castle  of  Bunowen,  of 
which  more  hereafter.  According  to  tra- 
dition, he  was  knighted  by  the  Earl  of 
Strafford,  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland,  who  is 
said  to  have  visited  Iar-Connaught  about 
A.  D.  1637,  and  is  still  remembered  there 
by  the  name  of  "  Black  Tom."  Tradition 
further  relates,  that  when  the  Lord  Deputy 
arrived  at  Bunowen,  he  was  informed  that 
O'Flaherty  was  absent  on  an  expedition 
against  his  enemies  of  Gal  way ;  that  the 
Lord  Deputy  hearing  this,  patiently  await- 


M 


ed  his  return ;  and  was  then  received  with 
all  the  rude  profusion  of  Irish  hospitality ; 
and  that  his  Lordship  thereupon  knighted 
Morogh  na  Mart,  but  soon  after  robbed 
him  of  all  his  property.  Such  is  the  tra- 
dition; which  further  adds,  that  the  sole 
object  of  "  Black  Tom's"  visit  to  Cona- 
mara  was  to  obtain  a  knowledge  of  the 
vast  possessions  of  O'Flaherty.  It  is 
curious  to  observe,  how  ingeniously  some 
truth  and  much  fable  are  blended  toa;e- 
ther  in  this  story,  as  will  appear  in  the 
sequel. 

J  Tomb-stones.  —  These  tombstones  are 
now  buried  in  the  sand. 

k  Portdoibhche In  Irish,  Pope  Ouib- 

ce,  Portus  Dolii,  or  the  port  of  the 
large  vessel  or  hogshead;  so  called  from 
a  wild  fable  related  in  the  life  of  St. 
Enna,  which  see  in  Colgan,  p.  707,  c.  xvi. 

1  Horse's  shore In   Irish,    Cpui£  na 

2 


84 

But  Leamhchoill  (cap.  14),  where  he  is  said  to  have  first  arrived  in 
the  north  side  of  the  island,  should  be  Ochoill;  for  Leamchoill  is 
in  the  west  continent,  whence  is  a  ferry-port  into  the  island,  and 
Ochoill  in  the  island,  on  the  north  side  thereof,  hath  a  port  for  boats 
to  arrive,  named  from  Ochoill;  and  another  called  Port  Caradoc, 
from  St.  Caradoc  Garbh,  to  whom  Kill-na-manach  church  in  the 
island  is  dedicated.  Near  this  port  is  the  Poole  of  Lough-na-kean- 
ainne,  whereof  mention  is  made  in  St.  Enna's  Life  (cap.  19,  col.  2). 
There  is  but  a  straight  ship-road  between  St.  Gregorie's  Sound,  od 
the  east  of  this  island,  and  Tract-each,  or  the  Horse's  short-  on  the 
midle  island. 

But  before  I  goe  further,  I  reflect  upon  an   old  saying  I  often 
heard,  thus:   "  Athenrym  was,  Galway  is,  Aran  shall  be  the  best  of 

the 


n-eac,  the  horse's  track  or  shore.  This 
name  yet  exists,  but  is  corruptly  pro- 
nounced Traghteagh.  For  its  origin,  see 
Colgan,  loc.  ult.  citat.  ch.  xv.  where  the  si- 
tuation of  the  shores  above  alluded  to 
will  be  found  accurately  described.  The 
other  places  on  the  islands  and  west  con- 
tinent mentioned  above,  are  Leamhchoill, 
see  p.  64,  note d,  where  Leamhchoill  i- 
mentioned  as  being  on  the  island  of  Ga- 
romna,  above  called  "  the  west  continent." 
The  Leamhchoill  mentioned  in  the  Life  of 
St.  Enna,  is  the  place  on  the  great  island 
called  Ochuill,  where  the  great  stone,  "  Uv 
pidem  grandem,"  on  which  he  sailed  from 
Garomna  isle  to  Aran!  is  still  shewn, 
about  half  a  mile  north-west  of  Cromwell's 
fort.  It  is  a  huge,  rough  rock,  and  is 
called  the  currach  stone,  from  curac/i,  a 
boat.  Port  Caradoc — Now  Port  Couroogh. 


See  No.  8,   in  the  li-t  of  the  church' 
Aran,  given  note  (*),  p.  7+.  ante,  for  Kill- 
na  manach  church,  dedicated  t"  St.  Cara- 
doc.    A  village  in  Kilmurvy  townlan 
still  called  after   him   Couroogh,    Cobu- 
pubac,   q.  d.    Caradoc  uogh.      Lough  ma 

Ct'n  until  n<>. — Thi-     i-     tile     J«->ol     or    lake. 

called  in  tin-  Life  of  St. Enna,  "Stagnum 

na  Ceanainne,"  and  it   i-  -till  known  by 
the  same   namr.       The   tide   now  n 
with  it. 

m  Athenry. — In  Irish,  Qr  no.  TC105  :  in 
English,  the  Ford  of  the  Kings.  This 
was  the  original  name  of  a  ford,  or  stream- 
let, on  the  western  boundary  of  II  v -Many, 
in  the  present  county  of  Galway,  the  prin- 
cipality of  the  great  family  of  O'Kclly. 
See  Mr.  O'Donovan's  "  Tribes  and  Cus- 
toms of  Hy-Mauy,"  published  by  the 
Archaeological   Society,   A.  D.    1S43.      ^l 


85 


the  three."     Which  may  be  interpreted  that  Athenry  was  the  crea- 
tion of  a  baron,  and  afterward  the  creation  of  a  viscount  of  Galway 

was 


was  at  this  point  the  three  following  an- 
cient territories  met,  viz.,  Aidhne,  the 
country  of  O'Heyne  and  O'Shaughnessy, 
Hy-Many,  and  Hy-Briuin  Seola,  now  the 
barony  of  Clare,  originally  the  country 
of  O'Flaherty.  The  castle  and  town 
afterwards  built  at  this  ford  of  nc  na 
R015,  were  named  from  it  Ath-en-ry;  or 
as  written  in  the  oldest  Anglo-Norman 
records,  Anry.  Camden  supposed  that 
this  was  the  Auteri  of  Ptolemy;  see  Gib- 
son's Ed.  vol.  ii.  1 83 1;  but  if  that  great 
antiquary  had  been  acquainted  with  the 
Irish  language,  he  could  not  have  advanced 
that  supposition.  Some  fancy  that  the 
castle  here  was  built  by  King  John ;  but 
it  is  well  known  that  he  never  crossed  the 
Shannon.  It  was  erected  by  the  Anglo- 
Norman  barons,  about  A.  D.  1238,  among 
whom  were  the  Berminghams,  who  after- 
wards possessed  the  castle,  and  became 
barons  of  Athenry.  In  A.  D.  13 16,  a 
fatal  battle  was  fought  here  between  the 
Irish  and  English,  in  which  the  former 
were  defeated  with  great  slaughter.  This 
battle,  which  led  to  the  entire  subjuga- 
tion of  the  western  Irish,  is  described  by 
the  Four  Masters  at  that  year;  and  also 
by  Conly  Macgeoghegan,  in  his  translation 

of  the  Annals  of  Clonmacnoise MS.  Lib. 

Trin.  Coll.  Dnb.  E.  3,  8. 

For  an  "  old  saying"   similar  to   that 
above  quoted,  see  Stanihurst  in  his  "  De- 


scription of  Ireland,"  written  A.  D.  1576, 
and  printed  in  Holinshed,  vol.  vi.  Lond. 
1 808,  p.  30,  where,  describing  Drogheda, 
he  says  :  "  There  runneth  a  blind  pro- 
phesie  on  this  towne,  that  Rosse  was, 
Dublin  is,  Drogheda  shall  be  the  best  of  the 
three."  It  is  amusing  to  see  how  gravely 
our  learned  author  explains  this  "  blind 
prophesie,"  which  was  evidently  bor- 
rowed from  Stanihurst,  and  applied  to 
the  above  localities,  as  it  was  to  many 
other  places  in  Ireland.  It  is  stated,  that 
"  Athenry  was  the  creation  of  a  baron,"  by 
which  our  author  meant,  that  the  place 
gave  that  title  to  the  Anglo-Norman  fa- 
mily of  Birmingham,  in  Irish  called  Mac 
Feorais.  This  ancient  barony  is  supposed  to 
have  been  held  by  tenure,  and  not  by  crea- 
tion. It  is  now  in  abeyance,  but  may  yet 
occupy  the  attention  of  the  House  of  Lords. 
The  last  claimant  for  the  title,  Edward 
Bermingham,  Esq.,  spent  his  life  and  for- 
tune in  pursuit  of  it,  and  died  in  indi- 
gence, leaving  it  undecided.  A  treatise  on 
the  extinct  and  dormant  peerages  of  Ire- 
land, and  the  successful  and  disappointed 
claimants  of  Irish  titles,  including,  of  course, 
the  celebrated  and  romantic  Annesley  case, 
would  prove  a  most  interesting  and  instruc- 
tive piece  of  Irish  history.  One  of  the  few 
successful  claims  of  this  nature,  made  of 
late  years  in  Ireland,  was  that  of  theNetter- 
ville  peerage,  established  by  the  Editor,  in 


86 

was  conferred  on  Rickard  Earl  of  Clanrickard,  extinct  with  his  bod 
the  late  lord  marquis,  and  now  Aran  hath  the  creation  of  an  earl. 

The  midle  island  of  Aran  containes  eight  quarters  of  land,  where 
there  is  the  like  old  fortification"  as  in  the  great  island,  named  from 
Connor  Mac  Huathmor,  brother  to  Engiis  of  Dun-Engus,  as  the 
tradition  goes.  Hallowed  places  in  the  isle  are,  our  Blessed  Lady's 
chappell ;  St.  Kenanack  his  chappell ;  a  hallowed  place,  called  Atharla 
Kenerge;  and  the  chappell  of  Seactmicrigh,  or  the  seven  bom 
a  king.  Tradition  goes,  that  St.  Kenanack  was  a  king  of  Leinsters 
son,  and  Kenerg,  a  king  of  Leinster's  daughter.  Her  well0  is  there 
in  a  rock,  and  never  becomes  drie.  In  tins  island  is  a  great  deal  of 
rabbets.  Hence  eastward,  to  Tract-each,  in  the  third  island,  i- 
another  streight  ship-road,  called  Bealagh-narfearbag. 

The  third  island  of  Aran,  Inisoirthirp,  or  the  Eastern  Isle,  soe 

called 


the  person  of  the  present  Right  Honour- 
able Lord  Viscount  Netterville,  A.  D.  1834. 

n  Old  fortification. — For  this  and  the 
"  hallowed  places"  mentioned  above,  see 
the  lists  of  the  Pagan  and  Christian  remains 
on  those  islands  of  Aran,  pp.  74,  and  76, 
ante;  also  Ogygia,  pp.  175,  6.  Instead  of 
referring  to  tradition  for  Dun  Conchahh- 
air,  as  in  the  above  passage,  our  author 
might  have  quoted  the  authority  of  the 
Book  of  Lecan.  That  valuable  collection 
of  ancient  and  authentic  records  relating 
to  Ireland,  is  now  in  the  possession  of  the 
Royal  Irish  Academy. 

0  Her  well. — This  is  a  beautiful  spring, 
and  is  still  called  Cobap  na  Cin6ipse,  or 
St.  Kenerg's  well.  Bealagh  na  fear  boy, 
in  Irish,  bealac  na  pecqibac,  the  foul 


sound  mentioned  above,  will  be  found  no- 
ticed in  the  sequeL 

p  Inisoirthir. — Imp  Oipip.  It  is  now  ge- 
nerally called  the  South  Wand,  and  is  di- 
vided into  four  Carrows  or  quarters,  which 
are  known  by  the  following  names:  Car- 
row  druim  Arlamain,  Carrow  Castle.  Car- 
row  an  locha  (so  called  from  a  lake  there 
named Loughmore),  and  Carrow  an  phoil- 
lin.  InA.D.  17 17.  April  17.  Edmund  Fitz- 
patrick  demised  the  whole  island  of  Inis- 
heer  to  Andrew  French,  of  Galway.  mer- 
chant, for  thirty-one  years,  at  the  yearly 
rent  of  £100;  with  liberty  to  cut  and 
carry  away  as  much  latch  from  Straw 
Island  (Oilean  n  cui^e)  and  Bunacosh  in 
the  Great  Island,  as  should  be  necessary 
for  the  houses  then,  or  thereafter  to  be 


87 


called  of  its  situation  from  the  two  other,  contains  four  quarters  of 
land,  with  a  castle  on  a  height.  This  island  was  also  called  of  old 
Ara-Coemhan,    of  Saint  Coemanq    of  the    antient    Dal-Messincorb 

family, 


built,  on  Inisheer.  On  26th  February, 
A.  D.  1 754,  John  Digby  demised  Inis- 
heer to  William  M'Namara,  of  Doolen, 
County  of  Clare,  for  a  like  term,  at  £90 
yearly. — Orig.  Leases.  The  "  castle  on  a 
height"  in  this  island,  is  O'Brien's  castle, 
now  in  ruins.  It  is  said  to  have  been 
built  by  them  in  the  fourteenth  century ; 
but  was  broken  down,  in  A.  D.  1652,  by 
the  Parliamentary  forces. 

The  lake  called  Loughmore  in  this 
South  or  Small  Island  of  Aran,  if  opened, 
would  form  one  of  the  finest  harbours  in 
Her  Majesty's  dominions  ;  vessels  would 
be  as  safe  in  it  as  in  any  dock.  It  lies  at 
the  mouth  of  the  South  Sound,  which  is 
the  best  entrance  into  the  bay  of  Gal  way ; 
and  vessels  could  reach  it  at  all  times. 
The  distance  from  this  lake  to  the  sea  is 
not  more  than  300  or  400  yards,  at  an 
elevation  of  sixteen  or  eighteen  feet ;  and 
the  harbour  would  accommodate  500 
ships  of  any  size;  it  would  at  least  ac- 
commodate as  many  as  could  ever  be  ex- 
pected to  come  to  it.  In  the  passage  to 
America,  it  would  be  the  most  conve- 
nient harbour  on  the  western  coast  of 
Ireland.  See,  in  the  Report  of  the  Select 
Committee  on  Public  Works  (Ireland), 
A.  D.  1835,  the  evidence  of  M.  O'Malley, 
Esq.,  Q.  3287-3297.  This  alone  ought  to 
ensure    a   preference   for   Galway,    as    a 


western  packet  station,  beyond  any  other 
part  of  the  coast  of  Ireland. 

q  Saint  Coeman. —  Brother  to  the  ce- 
lebrated St.  Kevin  {Coemgene)  of  Glen- 
dalough,  in  the  present  County  of  Wick- 
low  ;  and  born  of  parents  of  the  first  rank 
in  Leinster,  about  the  close  of  the  fifth 
century.  St.  Coemhan  is  the  most  famous 
of  the  saints  of  Aran.  He  is  believed  to 
have  often  abated  storms,  and  dissipated 
mists,  after  having  been  piously  invoked. 
It  happened  not  long  since,  that  a  native  of 
Iniseere,  and  two  of  his  sons,  were  fish- 
ing off  the  island;  a  violent  storm  sud- 
denly arose,  and  the  father  and  one  of  the 
sons  were  blown  out  of  the  boat  and 
drowned.  The  other  son,  who  always 
had  a  particular  veneration  for  St.  Coem- 
han, cried  out,  O!  a  Choerhain  cu  B-puil 
en?  "O  !  Coeman,  where  art  thou?"  and 
the  storm  immediately  subsided. 

For  an  account  of  the  ancient  Dal 
Missincorb  family  of  Leinster,  see  Ogygia, 
p.  293,  and  Ogygia  Vindicated,  p.  219.  The 
saint's  church  is  enumerated  among  those 
of  this  island,  in  the  list  contained  in  note 
x,  p.  75.  His  festival,  which,  in  the  time 
of  our  author,  was  celebrated  on  the  3rd 
of  November,  is  now  held  on  the  1 4th  of 
June.  His  tomb  or  grave  mentioned 
above,  is  near  the  church,  but  is  now  al- 
most covered  with  sand. 


88 

family,  descended  of  the  kings  of  Leinster,  brother  to  St.  Coemgin, 
Abbot  of  Glindalogh,  and  likely  disciple  to  St.  Enna,  as  his  brother 
was.  He  lies  buried  in  this  island,  on  the  north  side  of  the  church 
dedicated  to  his  name ;  where  he  is  worshipped  the  3rd  of  November. 
There  is  a  marble  stone  over  his  tomb,  with  a  square  wall  built 
about  it,  on  a  plain  green  field  in  prospect  of  the  sea,  where  sick 
people  used  to  lye  over  nightr,  and  recover  health  of  God,  for  his 

sake. 


r  Lye  over  night This  is  still  the  cus- 
tom here,  and  cures  are  said  to  be  fre- 
quently performed.  The  grave,  or,  as  it 
is  now  more  generally  called,  the  bed,  or 
place  of  rest,  is  believed  to  have  the  mi- 
raculous power  of  adapting  itself  to  the 
size  of  every  person  who  lies  in  it.  Pity, 
as  the  lively  French  traveller  Latocnaye 
might  here  exclaim,  that  the  bed  of  Pro- 
crustes had  not  the  same  accommodating 
quality !  Among  the  cures  said  to  have  been 
performed,  may  be  classed  the  following 

"  EXTRAORDINARY    CURE    AT    ST.    AUGUSTINE'S 
WELL,   NEAR  GALWAY,   ANNO  1673. 

"  Examinations  of  withnesses  tacken, 
sworne,  and  examined  beffore  us  the 
under  written  persons,  both  of  the  clergie 
and  laytie  of  the  towne  of  Gallway,  about 
an  extraordinarie  delivery,  and  speedy 
amendment  happened  to  Patricke  Lynche, 
sonne  to  Patrick  Lynche  Fitz-Maurice  of 
Gallway,  merchant,  and  Redise  Lynch,  at 
St.  Augustin's  well,  neare  Gallway,  on  St. 
Barnabie's  day  last,  being  the  1 1  th  of 
June,  1673. 

"  Patricke   Lynch   of  Gallway,   youth, 


adged  four  tine  yeares  or  thereabout,  being 
examined,  voluntarily  deposed  apponthe 
holly  Evangelists,  that  hee  was  to 
with  a  most  grivous,  desperat,  and  dan- 
gerus  disease,  and  given  over  by  all  doc- 
tors to  be  incurable,  and  could  not  eate 
one  bite  since  Ester  lu>t.  and  what  little 
sustenance  of  milke  hee  would  take  hee 
pi-esently  wometted  the  •  .  •<  as  all 
things  were  prepared  for  hi-  death,  and 
no  humane  hopes  of  his  recovery,  and 
was,  in  that  maner,  like  a  deade  body, 
brought  to  St.  A ugus tine's  well  as  affor- 
said,  on  the  iitli  day  instant,  and  there 
was  totally  diped  in  the  said  well,  ha 
no  fileing  thereof,  and  being  brought  upp 
was  wraped  by  Mary  Burke  into  a  wollin 
plaide,  where  hee  slumbered  about  a  quar- 
ter of  an  houer,  untill  his  mother  wixked 
and  stired  him.  and  there  wept,  and 
grivously  blamed  his  mother  for  stu 
him,  having  seene  to  him,  that  hee  - 
Our  Lord  Jesus  Christ  and  his  bl 
mother,  and  a  multitude  of  brave  winged 
birdes,  and  desired  his  mother  to  bring 
him  a  cupe  of  water  out  of  the  well,  and 
thereof  druuke    three    draughts,   in  the 


89 


sake.     I  have  seen  one  grieviously  tormented  by  a  thorn  thrust  into 
his  eye,  who  by  lying  soe  in  St.  Coeman's  burying  place,  had  it  mi- 
raculously 


name  of  the  Father,  and  of  the  Sonne,  and 
of  the  Holly  Gost,  and  there  got  upp  of 
himselfe,  and  walked  about  the  well,  and 
tould  his  mother  then,  that  hee  was  ad- 
vised A  to  visit  the  well  neine  dayes,  and  to 
drinke  thereof  three  tymes  in  etech  day, 
and  that  he  would  doe  well,  and  douth 
continue  since  to  observe  the  same  dayly, 
and  since  is  cured  of  the  womitting  dis- 
ease, and  douth  eath  and  drinke  ever 
since  with  a  great  apctit  and  deseire,  and 
douth  slipe  well,  and  is  allwayes  since 
uppon  the  mending  hand,  the  Eternall 
God  bee  glorified,  and  praised  for  the 
same  for  ever. 

"  Eedise  Lynch  mother  to  the  affore- 
said  examined,  voluntarily  deposed  uppon 
the  Holly  Evangelists,  that  the  contentes 
of  the  above  examination  of  her  sonne  the 
said  Patricke  Lynch  is  true,  to  all  in- 
tent^ and  purposes,  and  was  present  with 
him  at  St.  Augustin's  well,  when  he  was 
A  delivered  and  amended  from  his  disease 
as  afforesaid,  being  formerlly  past  all  hu- 
mane cure,  as  the  doctours  tould  this  de- 
ponent, and  dayly  redie  to  dey  in  her 
oppinion,  and  is  since  uppon  the  mending 
hand. 

"  Mary  Burke  adged  fifty  years  or 
thereabouts,  being  examined,  voluntarily 
deposed  uppon  the  holly  Evangelists,  that 
shee  was  along  with  the  said  Patricke 
Lynch  at  the  afforesaid  well,  and  at  the 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5. 


tyme  afforesaid,  and  that  the  contents  of 
the  former  examinations  is  true,  and  sawe 
and  observed  the  same. 

"  Patricke  Lynch  fitz-Marcus,  father  to 
the  said  youth  Patricke  Lynch,  being  ex- 
amined voluntarielly  deposed  uppon  the 
holly  Evangelists,  that  he  gave  his  said 
sonne  for  lost,  and  that  all  the  phisicians 
that  visited  him  did  give  the  same  oppinion 
of  him,  and  to  that  purpose  prepared  a 
coffin,  and  all  other  necessary  for  his 
death,  and  that  ever  since  his  beeing  at  the 
afforesaid  well,  hee  observed  hee  eates  and 
drinke,  slipes,  walke  upp  and  downe,  and 

at  the  mending  hande Gall  way  the  23  rd 

of  June,  1673. 

"Matthew  Lynch,  Warden  of 
Gallway. 

"  Fr.  William  Bourke,   Prior 
Ord.  Pred. 

"  Fr.  James  Blake,   S.  Theol. 
lector,  ord.  S.  Fran". 

"  Fr.  Domnicke  Lynch. 

"  Fr.  Dominicke  Martin,  Prior 
of  S.  Augustin. 

"  Fr.  Edward  Bodkine,  Augus. 

"  Fr.  Martinus  French,  Augus. 

"Patricke  Martine. 

"Anth.  Ffrench. 

"  Richard  Martin. 

"Marcus  Lynch." 
The  foregoing  document  has  been  tran- 
scribed from  the  original,  preserved  in  St. 


N 


9o 


raculously  taken  out,  without  the  least  feeling  of  the  patient ;  the 
raarke  whereof,  in  the  corner  of  his  eye,  still  remaines. 

As  this  Coeman  gave  the  name  of  Ara  Coemhan  to  the  island, 
so  he,  from  the  island,  is  called  Coeman-airne,  i.  e.  Coeman  of  Aran. 
For  Ara  (signifying  a  kidney),  the  common  name  of  the  three  islands, 
in  the  nominative,  is  Airne,  or  Arann  in  the  genitive  of  the  Irish ; 
whence  father  Colganus  (26  Mar.  p.  750)  thought  Airne  a  distinct 
name  of  one  of  the  islands. 

There  is  another  St.  Coeman,  disciple  of  St.  Patrick,  abbot  of 
Ardcoeman  or  Airdnecoeman  abby  {Num.  12  in  Colgan.  in  Vita  7"" 
S.  Pair.  par.  ii.  cap.  54),  near  Wexford,  wherein  his  feast  is  cele- 
brated the  1 2th  of  June  (Ibid.  p.  177,  num.88).  This  likeness 
the  names  of  Airdncoeman  and  Coeman-airne,  and  other  circum- 
stances, induced  father  Colganus5  (Ibid,  prope  Jmem)  to  believe 
Coeman  of  Ardnecoeman,  and  Coeman- Airne  were  the  same  pc a 

and 


Augustine's  convent,  Galway.  The  words 
"  an  extraordinarie,"  in  italics,  were  in- 
serted in  place  of  "  a  miraculous,'''  evi- 
dently before  the  paper  was  attested ; 
"  cure"  was  displaced  for  "  amendment," 
and  "  a  vision''''  for  "  to  him."  At  the 
first  caret,  after  the  word  "  advised,"  the 
words  "  in  his  vision"  were  expunged  ;  at 
the  second  caret,  after  "  was,"  the  word 
"  miraculous!//"  likewise  appears  expunged, 
and  "amended,"  immediately  following 
it,  was  inserted  in  place  of  "  cured." 
These  significant  alterations  shew,  that 
however  anxious  the  friends  of  the  youth, 
and  perhaps  others,  were,  that  the  cure 
should  be  considered  miraculous ;  or  how- 
ever convinced  they  might  have  been  that 
it  really  was  so,  yet  the  attesting  parties 


were  of  a  very  different  opinion.  The 
"amendment"  may  be  attributed  to  hy- 
dropathy, i.  e.  cure  by  cold  water. 

s  Father    Colganus The    published 

works  of  this  learned  and  labor 
piler  of  the  lives  of  our  national   sa 
so  frequently  referred  to  by  <>ur  author, 
viz..  the  "Acta  Saneto rum  Hibernian" and 
"  Triadis  Thaumatnrgi  an.- 

now  seldom  found  except  in  public  libra- 
ries. His  unpublished  wurks.  mentioned 
in  Harris's  Ware,  voL  ii.  p.  14.1.  ar 
I  am  assured  by  a  respectable  member 
of  his  order,  at  present  preserved  in  the 
Irish  College  at  Rouit.  They  may  In- 
classed  among  the  most  important  docu- 
ments connected  with  the  ancient  his) 
of  Ireland. 


91 

and  worshipped  the  12th  June  (Colg.  12  Mar.  p.  586,  num.  6.  Item 
21  Mar.  p.  715,  prope  finem).  But  it  appears  by  an  old  author, 
Engus-kele-de,  quoted  by  fa.  Colganus  ( 1  2  Mar.  p.  586,  num.  4,  5,  6), 
that  Coeman-Airne  was  brother  to  St.  Coemgin;  and  elsewhere 
{supra,  p.  177,  num.  88,  Vitce  J""*-  S.  Pair.),  that  Coeman,  St.  Coem- 
gin his  brother,  is  worshiped  the  3rd  November.  It  is  another  mis- 
take of  father  Colganus  (21  Mar.  p.  714,  715,  cap.  7)  to  write,  that 
Ard-Olen  was  the  same  with  this  island,  for  Ard-Olen  lyes  as  else- 
where he  hath  (20  Jan.  p.  135,  cap.  22,  and  p.  141,  num.  13), 
of  which  hereafter.  Neither  is  the  most  eastern  the  chiefesf  of 
the  three  isles,  as  he  tooke  it  (21  Mar.  p.  714,  cap.  7),  but  rather 
the  smallest,  wherein,  besides  St.  Coeman's  church,  is  a  chappell  of 
St.  Gobnat,  Y\irgiri\,  worshipped  1  ith  of  February;  and  another  of 
St.  Paul. 

On  the  south-east  side  of  this   island,  is  a  great  rock  in  the  sea, 
remarkable  for  ship  wracks,  called  Finnis";  which  gave  the  name  of 

Bealagh- 


z  Neither  is  the  most  eastern  the  chief- 
est — Colgan,  p.  714,  col.  2,  has  unac- 
countably mistaken  this  eastern  island, 
which  is  the  smallest  of  the  three  islands, 
for  Aranmore,  which  is  the  largest  and 
most  westerly  of  them.  It  is  probable, 
that  he  was  led  into  the  mistake  by  some 
incorrect  map,  in  which  these  islands  were 
either  misplaced,  or  their  position  reversed ; 
and  that  to  the  same  cause  may  be  attributed 
his  mistake  about  Ardoilen,  which  occurs 
in  the  same  place.  See  p.  76,  note  x,  ante. 
Before  Colgan's  time  the  maps  of  Ireland 
were  grossly  inaccurate.  In  some  of  them 
this  east  Island  of  Aran  is  set  down  as  the 
largest.     In  the  government  map,  headed, 


"  Hibernia,  insula,  non  procul  ab  Anglia, 
wlgare Hirlandia  vocata,  1567,"  published 
with  the  State  Papers,  London,  1834, 
vol.  ii.,  the  middle  island  appears  the 
greatest. 

u  Finnis This  rock  is  described  by 

Mr.  Nimmo  in  his  Piloting  Directions, 
p.  167,  b,  as  being  "  above  a  quarter  of  a 
mile  from  the  shore,  dry  with  spring  tides 
only."  He  adds,  "  On  the  north-west  part 
of  Inishere,  in  Foul  Sound,  a  rocky  ledge 
extends  one-third  over,  having  six  feet 
water  upon  it."  Bealagh-na-Finnis,  men- 
tioned above,  means  the  way  or  sound  of 
the  Finnis  rock  ;  but  it  is  now  always 
called  the  South  Sound. 


N 


92 

Bealagh-na-finnis  to  the  ship  road  between  this  island  and  the  county 
of  Clare.  All  the  ships  bound  for  or  from  Galway,  must  saile  by 
the  isles  of  Aran,  in  either  of  the  four  roads,  viz.,  Bealagh-Lougha 
Lurganv  (so  called  of  old,  Lough  Lurgan,  de  quo  p.  26)  between  the 
west  continent  and  the  great  island.  Bealagh-na-haite  (so  called  of 
Binnaite,  the  next  land  over  it  in  the  great  island),  between  the  great 
island  and  the  midle  island.  Bealagh  na-fearboy,  so  called  of  the 
land  next  it  in  the  middle  island  and  the  east  island  And,  Bealagh- 
na-finnis,  between  that  and  the  county  of  Clare.  Having  thus  sur- 
veyed the.  three  isles  of  Aran,  as  in  a  sea  parenthesis,  I  will  hence 
steere  my  course  from  the  cape  of  Golam-head  (the  furthest  point 
this  side  the  west  continent — of  the  west  continent  I  touched)  t<> 
the  barony  of  Balinahinsy. 

The  barony  of  Balynahinsy"  (known   in    Irish   by  the   name  of 

<    inmhaicne- 


v  Bealagh-Lougha  Lurgan.  —  In  Irish 
6ealac  loca  Gupjan,  the  way  or  sound 
of  Lough  Lurgan.  We  have  seen  before, 
p.  42,  that  Lough  Lurgan  was  the  ancient 
name  of  the  bay  of  Galway.  This  sound 
is  always  so  called  in  Irish  ;  but  in 
English  it  is  generally  called  the  North 
Sound,  and  is  the  entrance    to   Galway 

bay  by  the  Skird  rocks See  Nimmo's 

Piloting  Directions,  p.  168.  The  other 
sounds  or  passages  mentioned  above  are, 
Bealagh-na-haite.  —  6ealac  na  h-aice, 
now  always  called  Gregory's  Sound.  It 
takes  its  name  from  Binn  Aite,  an  elevated 
part  of  the  Great  Island  in  the  townland 

of  Killeany See  Nimmo,  p.  1 67.  Bealagh- 

na-fearhoy In  Irish,  6ealuc  na  peap- 

bac,  or  the  Foul  Sound.     So  called  from 


Peapbac,  a  part  of  the  Middle  Island 
verging  on  it.  Bealaghrna-Finnu — In 
Irish,  6eatac  na  pinnipe.  See  the  la-t 
note  u.  This  South  Sound  "  is  bet* 
Dunmacfelin  in  the  county  of  Clare  and 
Inishere  Island.'' — Nimmo,  p.  [68 

w  Balynabin&y — In  Irish,  Oaile  n  1 
h-lnpi,  the  town  or  bally  of  the  island. 
This  bar'  my,  which  was  the  ancient 
trict  of  Conmaicne-mara  (now  Anglicised 
Connamara),  was  created  in  A.  D.  1 585 :  and 
took  its  name  from  a  well-known  castl.- 
in  the  district,  belonging  to  the  western 
O'Flaherties.  See,  in  the  Appendix,  the 
composition  entered  into  in  that  year,  fur 
Iar-Connaught.  This  barony  wa>  for  a 
long  period  divided  into  the  two  half 
baronies   of  Balinahinch,  viz.,  north  and 


93 

Conmhaicne-mara,  i.  e.  the  Sea  Conmacny,  to  distinguish  from  Con- 
macny-rein),    containing  Angaly   in   the   county  of  Longford,  and 

Munter- 


south  (called  also  the  two  Connamaras), 
which  were  separated  by  the  Owinglin 
river,  that  falls  into  the  harbour  of  Ard- 
bear.  The  record  in  the  British  Museum, 
dated  A.  D.  1586,  before  referred  to,  p.  44, 
note8,  describes  this  barony  as  follows: 
"  The  barony  of  Ballenehence,  conteyning 
the  ii  Conymares,  vm  myles  long  and  vi 
broad;  and  is,  after  like  rate,  plowlands 
five.  Murrogh  ne  doo  O'flarty  chief  in 
the  same — -Parishes  (4)  Vicar,  of  Balli- 
nekilly — Vicar,  of  Ballindoyne — Vicar,  of 

Omeya — Vicar,  of  Maierus Gentlemen 

and  their  castles,  viz.  Donell  Ecowga, 
Ballenehense  ;  Edmund  Oflairte,  Kyllin- 
do wne ;  Edmund  Mc.  Hugh ,  A  new  Castle ; 
Ochaghy  of  Lettermellan ;  Donell  Ecowga, 
Bonowyn  ;  Tege  ne  Buly  of  Arddearee  ; 
Miles  Mc.Tibbot,  Keynivylie.— Castles  7.'' 
— Titus,  B.  xiii. 

For  the  other  ancient  territories  called 
Conmhaicne,  mentioned  above  by  our 
author,  see  his  Ogyg.  p.  275.  Antiqua- 
ries further  relate,  that  "  Fionnchaomh, 
son  of  Cosgrach,  descended  from  Conmac, 
had  for  his  inheritance  the  territories  of 
Gonmaicne  Cuile-tola,  and  Conmaicne-ma- 
ra  ;  that  his  son  Caireach  was  the  first  of 
his  line  who  embraced  the  Christian  faith, 
and  that  he  was  baptized,  with  all  his  re- 
tinue, at  Tarach,  by  St.  Patrick,  whom 
he  invited  into  his  country  to  propagate 
the  faith  there."     For  this,  see  Overall's 


Linea  Antiqua,  or  Book  of  Irish  Gene- 
alogies, preserved  in  the  Office  of  Arms, 
Dublin.  O'Cadhla  (O'Kealy)  was  after- 
wards chief  of  Conmhaicne-mara.  It  is 
written,  that  from  hence,  a  body  of  troops, 
under  Carnen  their  chief,  joined  the  stand- 
ard of  Brien  Borumha,  and  fought  at 
Clontarf,  A.  D.  1014.  The  Four  Masters 
relate,  that  in  A.  D.  1 139,  Aodh  (Hugh) 
O'Cadhla  was  lord  of  Conmacne-mara  ; 
and  O'Dugan  records,  in  his  Metrical  To- 
pography, compiled  about  A.  D.  1350,  that 
O'Cadhla  was  the  chieftain  at  the  time  of 
the  Anglo-Norman  invasion : 

"  Qp  Conmaicne  mupa  moip 
O  Caola  capa  an  Corhoil." 

"  Over  Conmacne-mara  great, 
Was  O'Cadhla,  friend  of  banquets." 

From  O'Dugan,  Lynch,  in  Cambrensis 
E  versus,  p.  27,  has,  "  O'Cadhla  sive 
Qmclly  in  Conmacniamara."  Colgan  la- 
tinizes thename  Quadeus.  Doctor  O'Kealy, 
R.  C.  Archb.  of  Tuam,  who,  about  A.  D. 
1645,  furnished  Colgan  with  the  account 
of  the  ecclesiastical  remains  of  Aran,  be- 
fore referred  to,  p.  74,  note  x,  was  of  this 
old  family.  See  the  eulogy  on  that  pre- 
late by  Lynch  in  Vita  Kirovani,  p.  47. 
The  Muintir  Murchadha,  or  O'Flaherties 
of  UiBriuin  Seola,  being  driven  from  the 
plain  of  Ui  Briuin  Seola  by  the  Anglo- 
Norman  settlers  in  1238,  proceeded  across 
Lough  Orbsen,  and  possessed  themselves 


94 

Munter-Eolais  in  the  county  of  Leitrim ;  Conmacny  Dunmore,  now 
the  barony  of  Dunmorex,  in  the  county  of  Gal  way;  and  Conrnacny- 
culy,  now  Killmayn  barony,  in  the  county  of  Mayo,  is  divided  into 
the  south  and  north  half  baronys,  and,  on  the  east  side,  lyes  adjacent 
to  the  barony  of  Moycullin ;  washed  by  the  Western  Ocean  on  the 
south-west  and  north  coasts  of  it,  till  it  mears  with  the  mountaines 

On  these  coasts  ambergre. 

is 


of  Joyce  Countrey  on  the  north-east. 


of  Conmaicne-mara.  The  O'Cadhlas  then 
lost  their  authority,  and  disappear  from 
history ;  but  the  name  is  still  to  be  found 
among  the  peasantry  in  the  mountainous 
district  of  Ross  barony  ;  and  some  res- 
pectable gentlemen  of  the  name,  though 
not  of  this  race,  reside  in  other  parts  of 
the  country.  The  name  Kyley,  in  the 
county  of  Waterford,  is  of  another  race, 
and  is  spelt  in  Irish  (JCaella. 

x  Dunmore In  Irish,  t)un   Hlon,  the 

great  fort  or  dun,  which  gives  name  to 
the  barony  of  Dunmore,  in  the  county  of 
Gal  way .  Here  there  was  a  strong  fortress  of 
the  kings  of  Connaught ;  and  there  still  re- 
main the  ruins  of  an  extensive  castle,  said 
traditionally  to  have  been  built  by  Hosdech 
(Hosty)  Mac  Membric,  or  Mebric  (now 
Merrick),  one  of  the  Welch  adventurers 
mentioned  in  the  sequel.  This  castle 
was  possessed  by  the  Anglo-Norman  Ber- 
minghams,  barons  of  Athenry.  In  A.  D. 
1 249,  it  was  burned  by  the  army  of  the 
king  of  Connaught.  In  the  reign  of 
Queen  Elizabeth,  the  Berminghams  being 
in  arms  against  the  Queen,  Sir  Henry 
Sidney,  A.  D.  1569,  besieged  and  took  the 


castle  of  Dunmore,     It  was  finally   dis- 
mantled in  the  time  of  CromwelL 
y  Ambergreese — (Ambra  gri.-ea.) 
substance  affords  another  proof  of  ti 
sort  of  whales  to  that  part  of  the  Atlantic 
Ocean  off  the  \vc->tc-rn  shores  oflar-Con- 
naught. — See  p.  12.  note*.    It  i-  now  well 
ascertained,  that  "Ambergris  is  induratt-d 
fffical  matter,  discharged   by  thi 
ceti  w/iale,  a  species  of  phy  -  meter 

macrocephalus).  It  has  been  found  in  that 
species  of  whale,  bu1  usually  is  found  I 
ing  on  the  surface  of  the  ocean,  in  regions 
frequented  by  whales ;  sometimes  in  m 
of  from  60  to  225H'-.  weight.  In  this 
substance  are  found  the  beaks  of  the 
cuttle-fish  (Sepia  moscAata),  on  which 
that  whale  i^  known  to  feed.  It  i-  L  . 
valued  as  a  material  in  perfumery.'1 — 
Encyc.  SeeBoatr's  Natural  History,  41a 
Dublin,  1726.  p.  146.  for  an  account  of 
Ambergreese  found  near  Sligo,  A.  D.  1 691 ; 
and  Beale.  Xat.  Hist,  of  the  ^perin  "Whale, 
1839.  It  is  not  to  be  wondered  at,  that 
in  the  time  of  our  author,  the  poor  unin- 
formed natives  of  Iar-Connaught  should 
be  unacquainted  with  the  value  o{  amber- 


95 


is  frequently  found.  In  the  year  1666,  there  was  a  great  deal  of 
black  amber  cast  ashore  every  where,  and  the  people,  not  used  to 
the  like,  knew  it  not  at  first,  yet  they  could  get  ten  shillings  an 
ounce  for  it,  when  people  understood  what  it  was.  The  best  is  of  the 
colour  of  Castile  soap,  and  worth  seventy  shillings  an  ounce. 

Here  are  some  spots  of  fine  arable  land,  by  the  sea  side,  almost 
everywhere ;  and  where  that  is  wanting  they  work  with  the  spade. 
The  countrey  is  generally  commendable  for  fishing,  fowling,  and 
hunting.  No  river  there  towards  the  sea,  and  scarce  any  small 
brook,  without  salmons,  white  trouts,  and  eels.  Many  wast  islands 
here,  during  the  summer  season,  are  all  covered  over  with  bird  eggs, 
far  more  delicate  than  those  laid  by  poultry.  Here  is  yearly  great 
slaughter  made  of  sealesz,  about  Michaelmas,    on  wild  rocks    and 

wast 


gris,  as  above  related ;  when  we  know,  that 
at  a  later  period  they  were  ignorant  of 
matters  in  much  more  general  use.  The 
Editor  remembers  an  old  gentleman  who 
knew  the  district  well,  and  who  used  to 
relate  a  pleasant  occurrence  which  took 
place  in  it  within  his  own  memory.  Several 
chests  of  tea  were  washed  in  on  the  western 
shore,  and  the  inhabitants,  not  knowing 
"  what  it  was,"  tried  in  various  ways  to 
ascertain  it's  use.  One  of  these  was  by  boil- 
ing it,  then  pouring  away  the  fragrant  li- 
quid, and  cooking  the  leaves  for  food ;  but 
finding  them  in  that  way  rather  unpala- 
table, they  gave  up  all  further  experiments, 
and  converted  the  rich  cargo  into  manure. 
Several  other  stories  are  told  of  the  simple 
manners  of  that  primitive  people' ;  but  I 
have  never  heard  that  they  mistook  the 
use  of  the  French  wines,  the  rum,  brandy, 


and  other  cupcupca  mapa,  ejecfamenta 
maris  of  that  kind,  so  frequently  thrown 
on  their  shores.  The  present  inhabitants 
are  as  shrewd  and  intelligent  a  race  as  can 
be  found  in  any  other  part  of  Ireland. 

z  Slaughter  made  of  seales This  prac- 
tice has  been  since  discontinued.  See 
ante,  p.  27,  note  z.  That  the  seal  (Phoca 
vitulina)  was  formerly  used  for  food  along 
the  coasts  of  Ireland,  appears  from  seve- 
ral ancient  authorities ;  among  others, 
from  the  old  "  Book  of  Lismore,"  in  the 
possession  of  His  Grace  the  Duke  of  De- 
vonshire. For  the  following  extract  on 
the  subject,  I  am  indebted  to  that  ex- 
cellent Irish  scholar,  Mr.  Eugene  Curry, 
of  Dublin,  who  has  lately  transcribed  that 
venerable  record  for  the  library  of  the 
Royal  Irish  Academy : 

"  peachc  aim  cancaeapuioibco&pigir, 


96 

wast  islands  of  the  sea.     Many  lands  here  invironed  for  the  most 

part  by  the  sea,  are  called  Irros,  with  an  adjection  to  distinguish 

them  one  from  another.  „ 

Between 


aciac  uaipli  cpaiboeca,  .1.  na  pecc  n-ep- 
puic  pilec  a  culaift  mo  aippceap  Caf- 
tan, lp  ann  pin  popconjnip  bpijic  pop 
apaili  peap  Dia  muinncip  cede  do  cum 
in  mapa,  co  n-oeapnao  lap^ac  do  na 
h-aijeaouib.  Ueic  in  peap  7  a  rhup-ja 
laip,  7  cecmaij  pon  do.  SaioiD  inn  in 
pon£ai,  7  ceunjlaiD  a  ceic  Diu  laim. 
CaippnjiD  in  pon  leip  in  peap  cap  in 
6-paippce  co  cpaij  mapa  6peacan,  cu 
b-papcuib  annpin  h-e  pop  cappaic,  lap 
m-bpipea6  na  ceca.  Ro  cuipeao  Dan 
in  pon  pop  culai  7  a  £ui  ann,  cu  po  laa 
in  muip  h-e  pop  pin  cpuij  ba  compoc- 
puib  do  &pi,9C.  Oo  pacpac,  umoppo, 
lupcaipeoa  &peucan  cupuc  do  lapcaipe 
6pi^ce,  6  po  inoip  a  pcela  Doib  ;  cainic 
1  appin  cap  muip,  co  b-puaip  a  pon  1 
cpaij  mapa  Caijean  ibup,  co  puc  leip 
co  h-aioeabuib  &pijce." — "  On  a  cer- 
tain time,  there  came  visitors  to  St. 
Bridget,  and  they  were  noble  and  de- 
vout, viz.,  the  seven  bishops  of  Tulla 
in  the  east  of  Leinster.  Then  Bridget 
commanded  a  certain  man  of  her  people 
to  go  to  the  sea,  and  to  fish  for  the  vi- 
sitors. The  man  went  forth,  carrying  his 
sea-spear  (mup-ja)  and  he  met  a  seal. 
He  struck  the  seal-spear  (pon-jui)  into  it, 
and  tied  the  rope  fast  to  his  arm.  The 
seal  dragged  the  man  after  him  over  the 
sea  to  the  shore  of  Britain,  where  it  left 
him  upon  a  rock,  after  having  broken  the 


rope.  The  seal  was,  however,  sent  back, 
with  the  spear  sticking  in  him.  until  he 
■was  cast  by  the  sea  on  the  part  of  the 
shore  nearest  to  Bridget.  The  British 
fishermen  gave  a  curach  [leathern  canoe] 
to  Bridget's  fisherman,  when  lie  told  them 
his  adventure ;  and  he  then  came  "Yer  the 
sea,  and  found  his  seal  on  the  strand  of 
Leinster  on  the  return:  and  he  carried  it 
to  Bridget'^  visitors." — Boot  ofLitmore 
fol.  57,  a.  Transcript,  in  tin-  Library  of  the 
Royal  Irish  Academy,  p.  30. 

Rejecting  the  marvellous  part  ofl 
story,  the  remainder  proves,  that  in  Ire- 
la  ml  seals  were  anciently  used  lor  food. 
In  the  west  of  Scotland. 
were  eaten,  even  to  a  much  later  period. 
See  Martin's  Description  of  the  Western 
Islands,  pp.  5,  64:  "  Ti  '  the 

Seals  with  the  ashes  of  burned  Sea-ware, 
and   say  they  are  good  Food :   the  -v 
eat  them  commonly  in  the  Spring  time, 
with   a  long  pointed  Stick    instead  of  a 
Fork,  to  prevent  the   si  11  which 

their  hands  would  otherwise  han 
veral Hours  alb  i."  Amongst  the  better- 
fed  people  of  England,  seals  and  porpoises 
were  frequently  feared  upon  in  former 
da  vs.  See  Henry's  Hi- 
pciidix  vi.  ;  but  the  historian  adds,  that 
"  Porpoises  and  seals  are  seldom  seen  at 
modern  entertainments.""  It  is  observed, 
that  the  people  of  Aran,  who  wear 


97 


Between  the  capes  of  Golam-head  and  Mason-head,  the  ocean, 
breaking  into  the  haven  of  Cassin,  separates  the  barony  of  Balyna- 
hinsy  from  the  barony  of  Moycullin.  This  coast  hath  severall  banks 
of  scollops  and  oysters,  whereunto  Inverglassan  river,  parting  both 
barony's,  falls. 

The  next  land  on  the  west  of  it  is  Irrosainhagh,  a  small  coun- 
trey ;  and  therein  the  lands  of  St.  Kieran's  church  and  hill,  named 
likely  from  St  Kieran  of  Cluain-Mc  Nois,  St.  Ennas's  disciple,  wor- 
shipped 9th  September.  Over  against  Mason-head,  southward  in  the 
same  countrey,  lies  Cruagh  mhicDaraa,  a  small  high  island  and  harbour 

for 


skin  pumps,  or  "  pampooties,"  are  never 
afflicted  with  gout.  They  affirm,  that  a 
piece  of  the  skin  worn  on  the  person, 
cures  and  keeps  away  the  cholic.  See 
Keogh's  Zoologia  Medicinalis  Hibernica, 
p.  77  ;  and  Martin's  Western  Islands  of 
Scotland,  p.  64,  for  various  virtues  attri- 
buted to  the  flesh,  skin,  and  other  parts 
of  this  animal. 

The  several  places  named  above,  are 
within  the  parish  of  Moyrus,  ITlujRuip, 
i.  e.  the  plain  or  field  of  the  point  or  pro- 
montory. This  parish  forms  the  southern 
portion  of  Conamara,  or  Balinahinch  ba- 
rony. It  is  bounded  on  the  north-west 
by  the  parish  of  Ballindoon ;  on  the  north 
by  the  parish  of  Ballynakill ;  on  the  north- 
east by  the  barony  of  Ross ;  on  the  east  by 
that  of  Moycullen  ;  and  south  and  south- 
west by  the  Atlantic. — loppup,  a  border, 
brink,  margin,  promontory,  or  head-land. 
The  extreme  western  point  of  the  county  of 
Clare  is  so  called.  So  loppuptDorhnan,  the 
present  barony  of  Erris,  county  of  Mayo. — 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   I  5.  O 


See  p.  73,  note  v.  Mason-head,  Ceann 
lDar-a,  the  head  of  the  land  called  Maus 
or  Mace. — Inverglassen  River,  now  called 
Tnvermore.  lnbeup,  Inver,  the  mouth  of 
a  river.  It  divides  most  of  that  part  of 
Moycullen  barony,  anciently  called  Gno- 
rnore,  from  the  barony  of  Balinahinch. — 
Irrosainhagh,  in  Irish,  1111101'  Gmbceac, 
the  stormy  Irros,  as  Mr.  O'  Donovan  con- 
jectures in  his  notes  of  this  parish  for 
the  Ordnance  Survey  ;  and  for  which  he 
quotes  the  following  passage  from  an  old 
poem  in  the  Leabhar  Gabhala,  or  Book  of 
Invasions:  "  Suibem  ponn  popp  nn  cpacr, 
ainbceac  puucc."  The  lands  of  St.  Kie- 
rarfs  church. — These  lands  are  situate  on 
the  south-east  of  Moyrus  parish,  and  are 
so  called  from  an  old  church  there,  Cill 
Chtapain,  dedicated  to  St.  Kieran  ;  near 
which  is  a  holy  well,  Cobap  Chiupain. 

a  Cruach  mhic  Dara.  —  Literally  the 
stack  or  rick  (from  its  appearance  in  the 
ocean)  of  Mac  Dara,  who  is  the  patron 
saint  of  Moyrus  parish.    It  is  now  always 


for  ships.     This  island  is  an  inviolable  sanctuary,  dedicated  to  Mac 
Dara,  a  miraculous  saint;  whose  chappell  is  within  it.  where  his 

statue 


called  Oilean  MhicDara,  or  Mac  Dara's 
island;  ljut  in  Nimmo's  Piloting  Direc- 
tions, p.  175,  Cruankarra.  In  terming  this 
island  "an  inviolable  sanctuary,"  our  au- 
thor does  not  mean  that  it  was  ever  ap- 
pointed a  sanctuary  or  asylum,  to  which 
fugitives  might  resort  for  protection,  "  se- 
des  ad  quam  reus  fugiendo  proveniens, 
omnimodo  habet  securitatem"  (for  in  that 
sense  all  Iar-Connaught  has  been  often 
termed  an  asylum. — See  Stat.  Kilkenny, 
p.  7,  note)  ;  but  rather  that  it  was  a  place, 
like  the  sanctuary  of  a  clnirch,  ah\  a\  5 
held  in  the  utmost  veneration. 

St.  Mac  Dara  is  to  this  day  held  in  the 
greatest  respect  by  all  the  seafaring  people 
and  natives  of  the  western  coasts  and 
islands.  They  often  name  their  children 
after  him.  Thus  you  will  frequently 
meet  with  Mac  Dara  O'Flaherty,  Mac  Dara 
M'Donough,  Mac  Dara  O'Brien,  &c. ;  and 
even  their  boats  bear  his  name.  To  sail 
in  the  "  Mac  Dara,"  is  considered  a  gua- 
rantee for  personal  safety.  If  you  want  a 
boat,  one  of  the  fishermen,  perhaps  Mac 
Dara  M'Donough,  will  tell  you,  that  his  is 
the  "  Mac  Dara,"  and  that  in  itself  he  con- 
siders a  sufficient  recommendation.  Not- 
withstanding this  saint's  local  celebrity,  his 
name  does  not  appear  in  any  of  the  Ca- 
lendars or  Martyrologies  at  present  known ; 
but  that  he  flourished  at  an  early  period, 
may  be  concluded  from   the  antiquity  of 


his  church.  The  remains  of  this  primi- 
tive Irish  building  are  well  worthy  of 
attention.  It  is  situated  near  the  only 
secure  landing  place,  on  the  eastern  shore 
of  the  island.  Part  of  the  original  - 
roof  is  still  remaining.  The  entrance,  in 
the  western  gable,  is  a  fine  specimi 
the  semi-cyclopean  doorway.  About  1  OC 
yards  distance  from  the  church,  on  the 
north  side,  there  is  a  square  altar,  with 
a  cross  upon  it ;  and  near  it  a  holy  well, 
dedicated  to  the  >aint. 

In  this  church  "hi-  si 
many  ages  stood."    In  former  tin 
usual  t<>  preserve  in   Irish  chut 
tues  of  their  founder-  or  pat; 
Dominicana,  pp.  273.  344.      Cambn 
states  that,  in  his  time,  many  such  wen- 
preserved;  and  at  the  present  day  there 
arc  some  remaining.     In  the  small  chajK-1 
of  St.  Brendan,  on  the  Ulandof  Inisgluaire 
(Inisglory),  off  the  coast  of  Erri-.  in 
county  Mayo,  the  statue  of  that  -aim  . 
still  be  seen:  and  in  the  island  of  Inismuny, 
off  the  coast  of  Sligo,  the  • 
Molaise (called  by  some  ridiculere,  "  Father 
Molash"),  i-  -till,  or  lately  was,  \  reserved, 
in  his  old  stone- roofed  chapel  there. —  8 
Archdall's  Monasticon,  p.  635  ;  and 
derson's   Historical   Sketches   of  the    an- 
cient native  Irish.  Edinburgh,  1828,  p.  168. 
The  statue  of  St  Mac  Dara  remained  in  his 
church  until  about  200  years  ;._ 


99 


statue  of  wood  for  many  ages  stood,  till  Malachias  Queleus,  Arch- 
bishope  of  Tuam,  caused  it  to  be  buryed  under  ground,  for  speciall 
weighty  reasons. 

On  the  shore  of  this  island  is  the  captives'  stone,  where  women, 
on  low  water,  use  to  gather  duleasgb  for  a  friend's  sake  in  captivity, 
whereby  they  believe  he  will  soon  get  succour  by  the  intercession  of 
the  saint.  Duleasg,  or  salt-leafe,  is  a  weed  growing  on  sea-rocks, 
and  preserved  by  spreading  it  on  dry  stones  in  fair  weather,  and 
soon  after,  when  occasion  serves,  for  eating.  There  is  scarce  any 
sea  shore  [where]  it  grows  not. 

The  boats  that  pass  between  Mason-head  and  this  island,  have  a 

custome 


the  Archbishop  of  Tuam  "  caused  it  to  be 
buryed  under  ground,  for  speciall  weighty 
reasons ;"  probably  to  prevent  the  island- 
ers from  asseverating  by  the  saint,  as  was 
then,  and  is  still  practised,  on  the  relics 
of  saints,  in  other  places,  notwithstanding 
the  utmost  vigilance  of  the.  clergy  to  pre- 
vent it.  Martin,  in  his  Description  of  the 
Western  Islands  of  Scotland,  informs  us, 
that  in  St.  Barr's  church,  in  the  isle  of 
Kismul,  "  The  Natives  have  St.  Barr's 
Wooden  Image  standing  on  the  Altar,  co- 
vered with  Linen  in  form  of  a  shirt,  all 
their  greatest  Asseverations  are  by  this  Saint. 
I  came  very  early  in  theMorning  with  an 
intention  to  see  this  Image,  but  was  dis- 
appointed, for  the  Natives  prevented  me, 
by  carrying  it  away,  lest  I  might  take  oc- 
casion to  ridicule  their  superstition,  as 
some  Protestants  have  done  formerly,  and 
when  I  was  gone,  it  was  again  exposed  on 
the  Altar." — p.  92.  It  was  probably  to 
prevent  similar  asseverations,  that  the  sta- 


tue  of  St.  Mac  Dara   was  "buryed,"  as 
above  related  by  our  author. 

b  Gather  duleasg — The  Rhodomenia  pal- 
mata,  now  called  dilisk. — This  singular  su- 
perstition has  not  been  practised  here  for 
many  years ;  although  an  aged  person  has 
assured  me,  that  in  her  youth  it  was  fre- 
quent. A  few  of  these  "old  observances" 
still  remain,  of  which  the  following  have 
recently  occurred.  Some  fishermen  to 
the  west  of  Galway,  in  order  to  obtain 
a  fair  wind,  buried  a  cat  to  its  neck  in 
the  sand  on  the  sea  shore,  turning  its 
face  to  the  point  from  which  the  adverse 
wind  blew  ;  and  there  left  the  poor  ani- 
mal to  perish.  In  the  west  of  Iar-Con- 
naught,  they  sometimes  erect  a  pile  of 
stones  on  the  shore,  bearing  a  rude  re- 
semblance to  a  small  house  or  castle, 
which  they  offer  to  some  imaginary  being 
or  goblin,  and  expect  a  fair  wind  in  re- 
turn. But  this  is  considered  a  serious 
affair,  and  can  never  be  repeated  by  the 


02 


IOO 

custome  to  bow  down  their  sailes0  three  times,  in  reverence  to  the 
saint.  A  certain  captain  of  the  garrison  of  Galway,  Anno  1672, 
passing  this  way,  and  neglecting  that  custome,  was  so  tossed  with  sea 
and  storme,  that  he  vowed  he  would  never  pass  there  again,  without 
paying  his  obeysance  to  the  saint;  but  he  never  [re]turned  home,  till 
he  was  cast  away  by  shipwrack  soon  after.  Few  years  after,  one 
Gill,  a  fisherman  of  Galway,  who  would  not  strike  saile,  in  contempt 
of  the  saint,  went  not  a  mile  beyond  that  road,  when,  sitting  on  the 
pup  of  the  boat,  the  mast,  by  [a]  contrary  bla>t  of  wind,  broke,  and 
struck  him  on  the  pate  dead,  the  day  being  fair  weather  both  before 
and  after. 

This  saint's  proper  name  was  Sinachd,  and  patroniinically  called 

Mac 


same  individual.  In  these  matters  sailors 
and  fishermen  are  superstitious  in  nil 
countries.  Martin  relates,  that  in  the 
western  islands  of  Scotland,  "  It  was  an 
ancient  Custom  among  the  Islanders.  1 1 1 
hang  a  He  Goat  to  the  Boat's  Mast,  hoping 
thereby  to  procure  a  favourable  Wind." — 
p.  109. 

c  Bow  down  their  sailes This  is  scru- 
pulously observed  to  the  present  day ;  and 
is  performed  by  lowering  the  main-sail  a 
little,  three  times.  The  custom  is  sup- 
posed to  have  originated  with  some  pious 
boatmen,  who,  probably  in  the  life-time  of 
the  saint,  first  adopted  that  mode  of 
salutation  on  sailing  by  the  island.  That 
precedent  a  few  times  repeated,  and  a 
wreck  or  other  accident  befalling  a  boat 
which  might  happen  to  neglect  it,  would  1  ie 
sufficient  to  establish  the  ceremony.  But, 
however  it  may  have  originated,  few  sea- 


faring natives  of  the  coasts  \\"uld  now 
venture  to  omit  that  accustomed  mark  i  if 
respect  t.>  St.  Mac  Dara.  Many  catas- 
trophes, similar  to  those  above  mentioned, 
are  still  confidently  attributed  to  its  • 
sion.  It  may  be  easily  believed,  that 
among  the  numerous  wrecks  and  sea  acci- 
dents which  have  occurred  along  these 
western  i  me  may  have  been  in- 

tended by  circumstances,  which  would  in- 
duce a  less  imaginative  people  than  the 
Irish  to  attribute  them  to  thi         •  - 
assigned.     It  would  be     -  ject, 

that  our  author's  incredulous  captain  isj  _  I 
have  been  cast  away,  and  poor  Gill  knocked 
on  the  pate,  even  though  they  had  paid 
the  accustomed  obeisance. 

^Sinach. — Sionnac,  a  j'ox.  It  is  a  curious 
coincidence,  thai  the  name  of  this  favourite 
saint  of  our  western  fishermen,  sheiuld  be 
that  of  an  animal  which,  of  all  others,  they 


IOI 


Mac  Dara,  from  his  father  Dara.      The  parish  church  of  Moyras,  by 
the  sea  shore  just  opposite  to  the  island,   in  the  continent  of  Irros- 

ainhagh, 


most  abhor.  So  great  is  their  aversion  to 
a  fox,  hare,  or  rabbit,  that  they  never  so 
much  as  mention  their  names  themselves, 
nor  can  they  endure  even  to  hear  them 
named  by  others.  If  a  fisherman  of  Clad- 
dagh,  vide  ante,  p.  42,  noted,  happens  to  see 
one  of  those  animals,  or  to  hear  its  name 
mentioned,  he  would  not  on  that  day  ven- 
ture to  sea ;  and  the  cause  of  this  strange 
superstition  they  neither  know  themselves, 
nor  can  any  one  else  account  for.  But 
it  has  been  often  turned  to  their  disad- 
vantage, of  which  the  following,  among 
other  instances,  has  been  frequently  re- 
lated. Near  the  great  fishing  village  of 
Claddagh,  there  once  lived  a  butcher,  who 
\ised  to  take  a  humorous  but  mischievous 
advantage  of  the  simplicity  of  his  neigh- 
bours. They  never,  it  appears,  go  to  fish 
on  Saturday,  for  fear  of  breaking  in  on 
the  sabbath,  a  day  which  they  always 
scrupulously  observe.  Friday  is,  there- 
fore, one  of  their  principal  fishing  days ; 
and  a  successful  "  take"  on  that  day,  ge- 
nerally has  the  effect  of  reducing  the 
price  of  meat  in  the  ensuing  Saturday's 
market.  The  butcher,  whose  calling  was 
thus  occasionally  injured,  contrived  for  a 
long  time  to  prevent  it,  by  procuring  a 
fox,  or,  as  some  say,  a  stuffed  fox-skin, 
and  causing  it  to  be  exhibited,  every  Fri- 
day morning,  through  the  village.  This  in- 
variably caused  a  general  noise  and  move- 


ment among  the  fishermen,  not  unlike 
those  of  gulls  in  a  loom-gale  ;  and  it  never 
failed  to  make  them,  for  that  day  at  least, 
abandon  their  fishing  excursion.  It  is 
probable,  that  to  this  moment,  not  one  on 
the  coast  is  aware  that  St.  Mac  Dara's 
real  name  was  Sionnach,  although  his 
altar-stone,  "  Leac  Shinach,"  is  said  to  be 
still  preserved.  It  has  been  pleasantly 
remarked  by  Mr.  O'Donovan,  that  if  a 
man  of  the  name  of  Fox,  Hare,  or  Rabbit, 
wished  to  settle  among  the  Claddagh 
fishermen,  he  should  change  his  name 
to  Pike,  Codde,  or  Salmon,  or  some  such  ; 
for  that  his  name  would  destroy  the  luck 
and  happiness  of  this  strange  people. 

The  ancient  parish  church  of  Moyrus  is 
now  in  ruins.  It  had  originally  two  door- 
ways, one  in  the  north  side,  and  the  other 
in  the  south.  The  former  is  built  up. 
The  latter,  which  is  that  now  used,  is 
formed  of  three  concentric  arches  of  beau- 
tifully cut  stone.  In  the  eastern  gable 
there  was  a  fine  window,  now  nearly  de- 
stroyed. Here  St.  Mac  Dara's  festival, 
la  peile  mine  t>apa,  is  kept,  and  is  at- 
tended  principally   by   fishermen.       The 

castle  of  Ardes In    Irish,  Cair-lean  na 

h-QipOe,  now  a  ruin,  is  situate  about 
seven  miles  north-west  of  Golam  Head. 
Here  "  Teigene  Booly  (buile)  O'Fflahertie 
of  the  Arde,otherwise  called  O'Fflahertie 
of  both  Con  O'Marrice  (Conamaras),''''  the 


102 


ainhagh,  is  dedicated  to  his  name,  where  is  kept  his  altar  ston< 
the  name  of  Leac  Sinach.     His  festivall  day  is  kept  as  patron  of 
Moyras  parish,  the  16th  of  July.     Not  far  from  Moyras,  by  a  creek 
of  the  same  sea,  stands  the  castle  of  Ardes. 

On  this  side  of  Irros  Ainhagh,  is  Murloghmore,  or  Blackford 
haven,  a  very  broad  and  most  safe  harbour  for  ships ;  where  there 
is  an  inexhaustible  bank  of  oysters,  that  are  carryed  by  boats  hence 
to  Galway.  Into  this  haven,  from  Irros-ainhagh,  comes  Owangowla. 
a  river  of  salmon  fish  and  white  trouts. 

From  Macdara  Island,  westward,  lies  a  like  small  high  island, 
corruptly  called  Cruagh  na  Kilye,  for  Cruagh  Coelann.     Cruagh  is 

any 

as  monuments  over  people  who  foni 

died  here  of  starvation.     The  traditional 
account  of  the  occurrence  is  curious,  and 
is  generally  related  as  follows: — In  the 
reign  of  Elizabeth,  there  came  into 
Conuaught,  a  man  i 

who,  as  it  afterwards  appeared,  was  abbot 
of  aCistercian  mon  i  lied  the  White 

Friars,  in  Donegal.     11-  mber 

of  the   great   family  of  O'Donnell :    and 
marly  related  to  it*  celebrated  chii : 
1 1  agh  Ruadh.  Having  refused  to  surrender 
his  monastery,   it  was  suppressed  by  the 
Queen's  commis-i<  mers :  the  abbot  hi: 
was  proclaimed  a  traitor,  and  a  reward 
offered  for  his  head.       He  then  fl< 
Iar-Connaught,    as    before    related,    and 
there  found  a  Long  and  secure  asylum,  at 
the  foot  of  Cnoc  a  CaiHean  hill,  in  the  pa- 
rish of  Moyras,  near  the  sea  shore,  where 
a  Martello  tower  now  stands.      Her 
was  occasionally  visited  by  his  brother, 
who  afterwards  settled  in  the    country, 


chief  of  the  western  O'Fflaherties,  resided 

in  A.D.  1585 Indenture  of  Composition. 

By  an  inquisition  taken  17th  August, 
1607,  it  was  found  that  the  same  Teige 
na  buile  "  was  seised  of  the  castle  or  stone 
fortress  of  Arde."  For  these  records, 
more  in  detail,  see  the  Appendix — Mur- 
loghmore, or  Blackford  haven Both  these 

names  are  now  obsolete.  The  haven  is 
called  Birterbuy  (Bertrach  buidhe)  bay. — 
See  Nimmo's  Piloting  Directions,  p.  176. 
Bertrach  is  the  usual  name  in  Connamara 
for  an  oyster-bank.  Owan-goicla.  —  In 
Irish,  GBcnnn  ^hahla,  the  Forked  River, 
flows  into  the  east  side  of  Birterbuy  bay. 

e  Cruagh  na  Kily. — In  Irish,  Cpuac  na 
Caoile,  an  uninhabited  island  in  the 
ocean,  now  called  Cruanakeely,  and  some- 
times Deer  Island.  Of  the  ancient  chapel 
of  St.  Coelann,  mentioned  by  our  author, 
no  trace  now  remains.  On  the  summit 
of  this  island  there  are  some  heaps  of 
stones,  which  are  said  to  have  been  raised 


io3 


any  high  hill  like  a  stake  [stack],  as  these  islands  are;  and  Coelann  is 
the  saint  to  whom  the  island  is  dedicated,  whose  chappell  is  therein. 

His 


and  by  others  of  his  kindred  from  Done- 
gal. After  a  long  search  by  the  Queen's 
officers,  the  abbot's  retreat  was  at  length 
discovered.  A  party  of  fourteen  persons, 
among  whom  were  some  of  his  own  coun- 
trymen, induced  by  the  promised  reward, 
undertook  to  apprehend  him.  Having 
arrived  at  his  place  of  concealment,  they 
entered  his  dwelling  in  the  night  time  ; 
but  none  of  them  being  acquainted  with 
his  person,  they  resorted  to  an  experi- 
ment,, by  which  they  were  assured  they 
would  immediately  identify  him.  This 
was,  by  his  amending  an  expression  which 
is  often  used  in  Irish,  viz.,  when  one  is 
desired  to  light  a  candle,  the  phrase  some- 
times employed  is  lap  a  pollap,  lite- 
rally, "light  the  light."  This  he  was 
invariably  in  the  habit  of  correcting,  by 
saying,  b'peapp  \ay  a'  corneal,  "  bet- 
ter say,  light  the  candle."  One  of  the 
party  having  used  the  phrase,  and  the 
expected  correction  having  followed,  no 
doubt  remained  of  his  identity.  He 
was  instantly  seized,  and  they  only  await- 
ed the  morning  to  return  with  their 
prisoner. 

In  this  dilemma,  the  abbot  promptly 
determined  on  a  bold  expedient.  He  in- 
formed his  pursuers,  that  he  had  con- 
siderable treasure  concealed  in  the  unin- 
habited island  of  Cruaghnakeely,  which  he 
pointed  out  at  an  apparently  short  dis- 


tance from  the  shore ;  and  requested  them 
to  accompany  him  thither,  in  order  to 
bring  away  the  treasure,  and  that  he  would 
then  quietly  submit  to  his  fate.  Sure  of  his 
person,  and  anxious  to  secure  the  expected 
prize,  they  readily  consented  to  his  pro- 
posal. When  they  reached  the  island,  he 
directed  one  of  the  men  to  step  on  the 
rock,  which  formed  its  only  landing-place, 
and  to  lay  hold  of  a  rope  which  was  at- 
tached to  the  bow  of  the  boat.  This  done, 
he  placed  himself  at  the  bow,  and  with  a 
setting-pole  kept  the  boat  steady,  until 
all  were  safely  landed.  Then,  slipping 
the  rope,  and  giving  a  sudden  shove,  the 
place  being  deep  too,  he  was  quickly  out 
of  reach,  and  directed  his  course  back, 
leaving  the  entire  party  on  this  desolate 
island,  where,  being  destitute  of  food  and 
shelter,  they  all  miserably  perished.  In 
course  of  time,  the  monuments  before  al- 
luded to  were  raised  over  their  remains. 
The  abbot  lived  for  many  years  after  in 
Iar-Connaught.  His  brother's  family  ac- 
quired large  possessions  there,  and,  among 
others,  the  great  tract  of  land  called  after 
them,  LittermoreO'Donnell,  in  the  barony 
of  Moycullen ;  which  descended  to  Edmond 
M'Eory,  great-grandfather  of  the  Eight 
Eev.  Lawrence  O'Donnell,  the  present 
E.  C.  Bishop  of  Galway.  These  possessions 
were  confiscated  in  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury, and  granted,  under  the  Act  of  Set- 


104 

His  memory  is  celebrated  in  that  parish  of  Moyras  the  3rd  of  Fe- 
bruary.    Coelann  and  Cailin  are  different  saints'  nan 

Of  each  side  of  this  island,  is  a  shiproad  to  Blackford  and  Round- 
stone'  havens ;  and  another  small  island,  called  Olena  Cruaghg,  stands 
between  it  and  the  continent,  on  the  north.  Inisnee  island,  con- 
taining three  cartrons  of  land,  lyes  in  the  mouth  of  Owanmore  river, 
and  divides  the  haven  into  Round-stone  haven  on  the  west  side, 
and  Blackford  haven  on  the  east  side  thereof.  This  island  hath  a 
chappell  dedicated  to  St.  Mathias,  and  another  place  in  memory  of 
St.  Brendan.  In  the  midle  of  the  island  there  is  a  poole  of  freshwater. 
On  the  east  side  of  it,  the  river  of  Owanmore  is  exonerated  into 
Blackford  haven.  This  river  springs  from  Baiynahinsy  lake,  two 
miles  from  the  sea.  It  is  shallow  and  full  of  wares  and  stones,  from 
the  lake  down,  for  a  mile,  to  Wine  Island;    on  which  island' is  a 

salmon 


tlement,  to  a  Sir  Thomas  Meredith ;  by 
whom  they  were  assigned  to  Captain 
Richard  Martin,  of  Dangan,  in  whose  fa- 
mily they  still  continue.  This  is  one  of 
the  numerous  traditional  stories  current 
in  Iar-Connaught ;  and,  so  far  as  it  has 
been  tested  by  existing  records,  it  has 
been  found  correct — See  Archdall's  J/o- 
nast.  p.  931. 

{  Round-stone.  —  In  Irish,  Cuan  nn 
cloice  punca.  A  pier  and  haven  were 
built  here  by  the  Fishery  Board.  At 
the  former,  there  are  four  feet  at  low 
water,  and  spring  tides  rise  eighteen  feet. 
— See  Lewis's  Topogr.  Diet.  vol.  ii.  p.  406, 
parish  Moyrus.  Here  Mr.  Ninmio  (see 
ante,  p.  9,  n.  s)  laid  the  foundation  of  a 
town,  to  which  he  was  induced  by  the 
situation  and  excellence  of  the  harbour. 


In  A.  D.  1841  it  contained  seventy-three 
houses,  with  a  population  of  396  persons. 
— Census  of  Ireland,  p.  374. 

g    Olena    Cruagh Sometimes   called 

Oileun  na  5-cpuac,  the  island  of  the 
stacks  or  ricks,  from  its  appearance  at  a 
distance  in  the  ocean.  The  island  of 
Inisnee,  Imp  nije,  is  bounded  on 
south  and  west  by  Round-stone  bay  ;  and 
on  the  north  and  east  by  Birtirbuy  (Ber- 
trach  luidhe)  Bay,  formerly  Blackibrd 
Haven.  On  the  7th  Feb.  A.  D.  1610,  the 
"river  and  fishing  of  Owanmore,"  abainn 
mop,  were  granted  b  "  M>  m  gh  ne mover 
O'Flaherty  of Bonowen.  .  •.'"—.'.  -Pat. 
This  grantee  was  father  of  Sir  M 
na  Mart,  mentioned  p.  83,  note  '.  The 
Owanmore  is  now  sometimes  called  the 
Balliuahiuch  river. 


lOi 


salmon  fishing",  worth  £30  a  year.  On  this  island  experience  was 
made  how  the  salmon  hath  still  recourse  from  the  sea  to  its  first 
offspring ;  for  here,  eighteen  salmons  were  marked,  with  a  finn  cut  of 
each  of  them  at  their  going  to  the  sea,  and  seaventeen  of  them  were 
taken  next  season,  in  the  same  place,  coming  back.  The  sea  flows 
up  to  Wine  Island,  on  every  tide,  from  each  side  of  Inisnee.  On 
the  west  side  of  the  river,  by  the  sea  shore,  stood  the  abbey  of 
Tombeola'  of  St.  Dominick's  order.     In  our  own  memory,  eighteen 

porcupices 


h  Salmon  fishing. — This  fishery  is  now 
rented  at  £500  a  year.  The  fish  is  pre- 
pared for  exportation,  by  cutting  it  in 
pieces  of  2lbs.  each,  which  are  hermeti- 
cally sealed  in  tin  cases.  In  this  state, 
it  is  asserted  that  it  will  keep  fresh  for  a 
considerable  period,  even  for  some  hundreds 
of  years !  A  late  tourist,  Mr.  Inglis,  says  that 
Iar-Connaught  is  "a  country  of  salmon; 
every  inlet  and  river  is  full  of  them." 
Wine  Island  is  situated  in  the  river  of 
Ballynahinch. 

''  Abbey  of  Tombeola. — In  Irish,  Uuaim 
6eola,  Tumulus  Beolai.  This  name  is 
supposed  to  be  derived  from  some  "  great 
man,"  or  "  giant,"  named  Beola,  who  for- 
merly ruled  over  these  western  regions, 
and  was  here  interred.  But  there  is  no 
trace  at  present  remaining  of  any  such 
tomb,  or  place  of  interment.  We  know 
from  history,  that  several  of  the  Firbolg 
chieftains,  about  the  commencement  of 
the  Christian  era,  gave  names  to  several 
places  in  these  western  parts.  See  Mac 
Firbis's  account  of  those  colonists,  before 
referred  to,  p.  18,  noteq.  About  A.  D. 
IRISH  AECH.  SOC.  NO.  1 5. 


1427,  according  to  De  Burgo,  in  Hib. 
Dominicana,  p.  309,  the  abbey  "  of  St. 
Dominick's  order"  was  founded  at  Tom- 
beola by  the  O'Flaherties.  Of  this  foun- 
dation, John  O'Heyn,  for  whom  see  Har- 
ris's Ware,  vol.  ii.  p.  295,  writes  as  follows: 
"In  eodem  Comitatu  Galviensi  fuit  Con- 
ventus  noster  in  Baronia  de  Balbjnehensi 
fundatus,  et  erectus  a  Domino  (J Flaherty, 
Dynasta  antiquo  istius  Baronia3  usque  ad 
Usurpatorem  Cromuellum,  per  quem  ex- 
utus  est  tota  Hsereditate  sua.  Erant  or- 
dinarie  in  isto  Conventu,  vocato  Tombeo- 
lomme,  Octo  Eeligiosi,  sed  ab  Initio  Eegni 
Elizabethae  nullus  fuit  Incola,  et  Muros 
omnes,  et  ipsam  Ecclesiam  abstulerunt 
ad  Eedificandum  Castellum  in  Vicinia." 
— Epilogus,  p.  37.  The  castle  here  al- 
luded to,  as  having  been  built  of  the 
stones  of  the  ruined  abbey  of  Tombeola, 
was  situate  on  the  small  island  in  the  lake 
of  Ballynahinch,  afterwards  mentioned  by 
our  author.  For  an  account  of  the  abbey 
of  Tombeola,  see  Hib.  Dom.  ut  supra.  Its 
situation  is  now  pointed  out  by  a  small 
building  like  a  chapel,  said  to  have  been 


io6 


porcupices  that  were  in  pursuit  of  the  salmon  fish,  were  taken  near 
Tombeola.  The  seale  goes  up  all  along  to  the  lake  of  Balynahinsy, 
to  fish  on  salmons.  This  lake,  from  which  the  barony  is  named, 
hath  two  islands  on  it.  On  the  lesser  of  them  is  a  castleJ  built  of 
the  stones  of  Tombeola  Abbey;  as  also  a  hallowed  monument  of  St. 
Fechin ;  to  whom  there  is  a  well  dedicated  at  Cara-more,  where  the 
river  parts  with  the  lake. 

On  the  north-west  of  Balynahinsy,  are  the   twelve  high  moun- 
taines  of  Bennabeola",  called  by  marriners  the  twelve  stakes,  being 

the 


erected  by  some  gentlemen  of  the  country, 
in  order  to  commemorate  the  existence  of 
the  abbey.  The  site  of  the  Carmelite 
friary  at  Ballynahinch,  founded,  according 
to  Ware,  by  the  O'Flaherties,  in  A.  D. 
1356,  is  now  unknown.  It  is  alluded  to 
by  De  Burgo,  as  near  Tombeola.  See 
Archdall  for  this  friary,  in  Monast.  p. 
276,  where  he  erroneously  asserts  that  the 
barony  of  Ballynahinch  was  called  after  a 
village  of  the  name,  although  no  such 
village  ever  existed. 

J  A  castle. — This  is  the  castle  alluded 
to  in  the  last  note,  as  having  been  built 
of  the  stones  of  Tombeola  abbey,  on  a 
small  island  (said  to  be  partly  artificial), 
towards  the  western  side  of  Ballynahinch 
lake.  It  is  a  small  square  tower,  about 
thirty  feet  in  length  and  twenty-five  in 
breadth.  The  island  will  be  found  men- 
tioned again  in  the  historical  account  of 
the  O'Flaherties,  contained  in  the  Appen- 
dix hereto,  at  A.  D.  1584. 

St.  Fechin's  well,  above  alluded  to,  may 
still  be  seen.     This  celebrated  saint  died 


A.  D.  664.  He  was  anciently  mud. 
veredinlar-Connaught.  where  his  memory 
is  still  celebrated ;  and  many  holy  wells, 
and  other  "hallowed"  remains  of  anti- 
quity, yet  bear  his  name.  See  Bollandus 
and  Colgan,  at  Jan.  20,  for  three  several 
lives  of  St.  Fechin;  and  our  author's  ac- 
count of  the  island  of  Imay  (or  Onuv). 
which  fellows  in  this  treatise,  for  further 
particulars  of  that  -  .int. 

k  Mountaines  of  Bennabeola. —  6eunna 
6eola.  These  remarkable  mountains  are 
now  known  in  English  by  the  name  of  the 
•■  Twelve  Pins.''  the  latter  word  being  a 
corruption  of  bins  or  bens  (btannu).  which 
is  -till  correctly  preserved  in  Scotland,  as 
Ben  Lomond,  Benevis,  Ac.  and  in  other 
parts  of  Ireland,  as  Benburb,  Binbolbin, 
&c.  They  are  named  from  the  supposed 
"  giant"  Beola,  mentioned  in  the  la-t  n 
and  certainly  tend  to  give  an  exalted  idea 
of  that  personage,  whoever  he  may  have 
been.  The  name  Bindowglast  ated 

as  that  of  the  highest  of  the  range,  is  now 
forgotten,  and  the  name  of  Binlettery  used 


the  first  land  they  discover  as  they  come  from  the  maine.  Bindow- 
glass  is  the  highest  of  them,  and,  next  the  lake,  is  two  miles  high ; 
and  hath  standing  water  on  the  top  of  it,  wherein  they  say  if  any 
washeth  his  head,  he  becomes  hoare.  At  the  foot  of  it,  by  the  lake, 
was  kept  the  fair  of  Bonowan1  mannor.  At  Balynahinsy,  Owan- 
tuidhe  and  Sraith-Salagh  rivers,  after  they  meet  in  one  channell,  pay 

their 


in  its  place.  The  mountain  next  the  lake 
is  not,  however,  the  highest  of  the  Pins,  for 
according  to  the  Ordnance  Survey,  BenCorr 
and  Ben  Bawn  exceed  it  in  height  by  seve- 
ral hundred  feet.  The  standing  water  men- 
tiond  by  our  author,  which  maketh  the 
head  hoar,  is  here  called  a  bullaun,  ballan, 
a  bowl,  and  is  deposited  in  a  rock,  on  the 
top  of  Binlettery,  which  identifies  it  with 
the  Bindowglass  of  O'Flaherty.  Among 
the  wonderful  wells  in  Ireland  mentioned 
by  Cambrensis,  there  was  one  in  Munster 
which  produced  the  same  effect :  "  Est 
fons  in  Momonia  cujus  aquis  si  quis  ab- 
luitur  statim  canus  efficitur."  The  well 
at  Gabhal  Liuin,  in  Oriel,  now  Galloon,  in 
Fermanagh,  is  stated  in  the  "  Wonders  of 
Ireland,"  in  the  Book  of  Bally  mote,  fol. 
1 40,  b,  a,  to  have  had  the  same  property ; 
but  Keating,  in  the  preface  to  his  History, 
denies  the  existence  of  any  such  fountains 
in  his  time,  and  rather  unfairly  says,  that 
Cambrensis  introduced  them  to  give  a 
colour  to  his  other  falsehoods,  "  TTlap 
6aru;j;a6  aip  a  bpeajuib."  Gratianus 
Lucius,  p.  8,  argues  the  case  more  learn- 
edly, and  in  the  end  agrees  with  Keating. 
But  it  is  evident  from  the  instances  here 


given,  that  such  tales  were  current,  and 
that  Cambrensis  did  not  invent  them. 

1  Fair  of  Bonowan  mannor. — On  the  15th 
February,  A.  D.  1610,  license  "  to  hold  a 
Wednesday  market,  and  a  fair  on  Whit- 
sun  Monday  and  the  day  after,  at  Bonoieen" 
was  granted  to  "  Morrogh  ne  Moyer 
O'Flaherty  of  Bonowen,  gent. ;"  to  hold 
the  same,  among  other  possessions  then 
granted,  for  ever. — Rot.  Pat.  For  a  fur- 
ther grant  of  the  manor,  with  an  additional 
fair  and  market  here,  to  the  same  indivi- 
dual, see  note"1  immediately  following. 

The  rivers  above  named  are  now  called 
Abhainn  Tuaidhe,  Anglice,  Owentuee,  and 
Srath  Salach.  The  name  Innish  leih  dhuine. 
Imp  liac  ouine,  which  means,  the  Island 
of  the  grey  Man,  mentioned  above,  is  at 
present  forgotten.  The  island  alluded  to 
is  now  called  Imp  Geaccnnn,  or  Shelving 
Island.  It  lies  in  Round-stone  Bay,  at 
the  south  end  of  the  parish  of  Moyrus. 

Irrosbeg Now  corruptly  called  Urrisbeg, 

is  the  name  of  two  townlands  in  the 
south-west  part  of  the  same  parish.     Port 

na  Fedoigge Pope  net    Peuooije,    the 

Harbour  of  the  grey  Plover. 


io8 

their  tribute  to  this  lake ;  and  in  recompence  receive  the  benefit  of  its 
salmons  to  spawn  on  them.  Upon  the  common  channell  of  these 
two  rivers,  pearles  are  found  in  their  musles. 

Westward  of  Inisnee  and  Round-stone  haven,  is  Inisleth-dhuine, 
a  small  island  which  leads  to  Irrosbeg  haven,  called  Portnafedoigge ; 
over  which  is  Irrosbeg  hill,  the  second  place  discovered  by  marriners 
coming  from  sea,  on  the  top  of  which  is  a  poole  where  trouts  breed. 

Three  miles  from  Irrosbeg  is  the  castle  and  mannor  of  Bonnowanm 
in  Irrosmore.  Westward  of  the  castle  is  Knock  a  duin  hill,  the 
third  land-mark  discryed  by  such  as  saile  from   the  main.     On  the 

east 


m  Castle  and  mannor  of  Bonnowan. — 
The  castle  of  Bunowen,  i.  e.  the  Castle  of 
the  River's  Mouth,  was  an  extensive  for- 
tress which  belonged  to  a  powerful  branch 
of  the  western  O'Flaherties.  In  the  six- 
teenth century,  it  was  the  residence  of 
Donell  an  Chogaidh  O'Flaherty,  whose 
warlike  character  is  sufficiently  indicated 
by  his  agnomen.  In  the  composition 
entered  into  with  Queen  Elizabeth,  A.  D. 
1585,  it  was  provided,  that  this  Donell's 
two  sons,  Owen  and  Morogh,  should,  "  for 
their  better  maintenance  of  living,  have, 
by  letters  patents,  the  castle  of  Bonowne, 
and  the  six  quarters  of  land  next  ad- 
joining the  same,  as  a  free  deinayne." 
— See  this  composition  in  the  Appendix. 
Owen,  the  elder,  was  soon  after  slain, 
and  Morogh,  the  younger,  afterwards 
called  Morogh  na  Maor  (of  the  stewards) 
succeeded  to  the  entire  territory.  On 
the  25th  January,  A.  D.  161 8,  King 
James  I.,  by  letters  patent,  granted  to  him, 


by  the  name  Morogh  na  Moore  O'Flaherty 
of  Bunowen,  Esq.,  the  castle  of  Bu no 
with  numerous  lands    in  the   baronj 
Ballinahinch,    and    thereby    created    the 
manor  of  Bonowen,  to  contain  1300  acres 
in  demesne  ;  gave  a  power  to  creal 
nures;  hold  courts  leet  and  baron;  a  Mon- 
day market  at  Bunuwen,  and  a  fair  there 
on   St.  Lawrence's   day   and   the  day  fol- 
lowing; "with  a  court  of  1'  and 
the   usual    tolls." — Rot.  Pat.    15   Jac.  I. 
p.  4. 

Morogh  na  Moyre  (for  so  he  hinu 
wrote  his  name)  died  A.  D.  1626.  He 
succeeded  by  his  eldest  bod,  Sir  Morogh 
na  Mart  (see  p.  83,  note  '.  ante),  who  died 
A.  D.  1666,  in  a  state  of  poverty,  his  vast 
possessions  having  been  all  confiscated  by 
the  Crown.  On  the  15th  May.  1678.  his 
principal  residence,  the  castle  of  Bunowen. 
and  the  adjoining  lands,  were  granted  to 
Giles  and  Edmond  Geoghegan.  the  widow 
and   second    son    of  Art  Geoehesran   of 


109 

east  side  the  hill  is  a  harbour  for  sniping,  and  the  parish  church  just 
by,  at  the  hill's  foot.  There  is  an  old  fortress  of  a  down  on  the  top  of 
the  hill,  which  gives  name  to  Balyndown,  Balyndown  haven,  Balyn- 
down  parish.  St.  Flannan11,  of  the  noble  Tuamonian  bloud,  conse- 
crated by  Pope  John  the  Fourth,  Anno  640,  first  bishiop  of  Killaloe, 
is  patron  of  this  parish;  and  therein  his  festival  day  kept,  the  18th 
December.  On  the  west  side  of  the  hill  is  a  well  in  memory  of  the 
seaven  daughters.  About  two  miles  hence,  is  Kennlemy  or  the 
cape  of  Slimhead,  the  furthest  into  the  sea  and  most  western  point 
in  those  parts.  Here  a  great  whale  was  cast  in,  the  last  day  of 
December,  1650  ;  and  another  about  forty  years  before. 

Westward  of  this  point  is  Olen-lacan0,  or  Duck  Island,  where  there 

is 


Castletown,  in  the  county  of  Meath,  Esq., 
in  lieu  of  their  forfeited  estates  in  Lein- 
ster — See  Rot.  Pat.  290.  Car.  II.  3.  p.  f.  r.  4. 
In  this  castle  the  Mageoghegan  family 
resided,  until  the  early  part  of  the  last 
century,  about  which  time  the  occupiers 
of  the  old  Irish  castles  began  to  erect 
more  commodious  habitations.  The  then 
proprietor  of  Bunowen  built  a  handsome 
residence  near  the  foot  of  the  hill  of  Doon, 
Cnoc  a  t)uin,  mentioned  above;  and  the 
castle,  thus  abandoned,  speedily  went  to 
ruin  ;  but  its  massive  walls  remained  in 
tolerable  preservation  till  a  few  years 
since,  when  they  were  altogether  pulled 
down  by  the  present  proprietor,  John 
Augustus  O'Neill,  Esq.,  to  obtain  mate- 
rials for  enlarging  the  mansion-house  of 
Bunowen.  This  respectable  gentleman  is 
the  present  head  of  the  Mageoghegans  of 
Ireland.     For  further  particulars  of  his 


branch  of  that  race,  see  the  Additional 
Notes. 

n  St.  Flannan Patron  of  this  parish 

of  Ballindoon,  6aile  an  t)uin,  the  town- 
land  of  the  dun  or  fort.  In  addition  to 
the  notices  above  given  of  this  saint,  see 
Colgan's  Acta  SS.  p.  154  ;  Ware's  Antiq. 
and  Bishops ;  and  Lanigan's  Eccl.  History, 
c.  xix.  §  iii.  The  well  of  the  seven  daugh- 
ters is  still  to  be  seen  on  the  west  side  of 
the  hill  of  Doon.  It  is  called  in  Irish, 
Cobap  na  peace  n-injean,  or  na  peace 
m-ban-naom  ;  the  well  of  the  seven 
daughters,  or  the  seven  female  saints. 
For  Kennlemy,  or  Slime-head,  mentioned 
above,  see  p.  6,  note  k,  ante.  This  head- 
land is  universally  called  Ceann  Ceime 
(i.  e.  Leap  Head,  or  the  Head  of  the  Leap) 
by  the  natives  of  Iar-Connaught. 

0  Olen-lacan.  —  Now  called  Imp  Ca- 
can,    or    Duck   Island.       It   lies   in   the 


no 

is  a  chappell  and  well  of  St.  Cailin,  bishiop,  disciple  of  St.  Benign, 
and  of  the  antient  Conmacny  family,  who  is  worshipped  in  his  abbey 
of  Fidhnac,  in  Conmacny-rein  [Fenagh,  in  the  County  Leitrim]  the 
13th  of  November.  There  is  another  miraculous  well  of  St.  Cailin, 
in  the  continent  of  Slimhead,  on  a  little  height  within  a  stone,  which 
never  overflows  the  stone  nor  becomes  diye. 

Beyond  Duck  Island  is  OlenimiolP,  or  Bordering  Island,  as  being 

the 


ocean,  opposite  the  townland  of  Ballyna- 
leame,  of  which  it  forms  a  part.  The 
ruins  of  the  chapel  of  St.  Caillin  are  still 
to  be  seen  here  ;  and  near  them  is  the 
holy  well  mentioned  above.  On  this  wild 
point  of  Ballynaleame,  there  lived  for 
many  years,  a  valued  friend  and  relative 
of  the  Editor,  the  late  Robert  Coneys, 
Esq.,  whose  stormy  habitation  may  be 
seen  marked  on  Larkin's  large  and  small 
maps  of  the  county  of  Galway.  This 
gentleman  held  all  Ballinaleame,  includ- 
ing Duck  Island,  at  twenty  shillings  yearly 
rent.  Before  the  erection  of  the  light-houses 
at  "Slyne"  head,  in  A.D.  1836,  he  saved 
many  lives  from  shipwreck,  and  his  hu- 
manity was  often  rewarded  by  "  wind- 
falls," as  flotsam  and  jetsam  are  familiarly 
termed  in  Conamara  ;  but  these  "  wind- 
falls" have  considerably  decreased  since 
the  erection  of  light-houses  on  the  coast. 
To  sickness  he  and  his  family  were  stran- 
gers. He  used  to  boast  that  a  doctor  was 
never  known  to  visit  Slime-head;  and  he 
considered  it  a  bad  omen,  when  one  of 
the  faculty  settled  so  near  as  Newtown- 
Clifden,  though  several  miles  distant. 


The  "  well  of  St.  Caillin,"  mentioned 
above,  is  on  the  townland  of  Keeraun- 
more.  It  is  one  of  tho?<  dep  .-its  of  rain- 
water called  bulletins  (see  ante  note  k,  p.  107), 
of  which  there  are  several  in  these  i-lands; 
and,  as  in  the  present  instance,  it  is  con- 
fidently believed  they  can  never  run  dry. 
although  the  contrary  has  been  frequently 
witnessed. 

p  Olenimioll — In  Irish,  Oileun  lnull. 
the  Border  Island.  IT  re  are  situate  the 
two  light-houses  of  "  Slyne*'  head.  Mr. 
Nimmo,  in  his  Piloting  Din  rions.  ob- 
Berves  that,  "a  light-house  might  be 
placed  on  the  Skird  rocks,  which  would 
serve  as  a  guide  into  the  harbours  of 
Round-stone,  Birturbuy,  Casheen,  and 
Kilkerran,  the  only  good  harbours  for 
groat  ships  between  the  Shannon  and 
Lough  Swilly." — ]'.  178.  On  the  adjacent 
island  of  Dun  na  blifal,  i.  e.  the  Dun  of  the 
walls  or  inclosures,  ;iro  the  ruins  of  a 
Firbolgic  Caher,  smaller  than  Dun  Aengus 
in  Aran,  but  apparently  as  old.  Th<_-re 
are  also  the  remains  of  ancient  Clophavnt. 
or  stone-roofed  hi  -  -  similar  to  those 
there  described — See  ante,  p.  81.  note f 


1 1 1 

the  outmost  border  of  the  west.     Here  they  use  to  have  a  slaughter 
of  seales  in  their  due  season. 

Northward  of  Slimhead,  towards  the  east,  is  Manin  Bay,  over 
which  is  Knocktuaskert  towards  Slimhead.  In  the  same  bay  is 
Irrosflannan  Point,  and  Ardberra  haven" ;  wherein  is  an  oyster  bank ; 

and 


Manin  Bay In  Irish,  Cuan  lTlanamne, 

is  still  so  called.  It  is  said  to  have  been 
named  after  Manannan  Mac  Lir ;  for 
whom  see  p.  20,  note  u.  Irrosflannan, 
mentioned  above,  is  now  incorrectly  called 
Urrislannaun. — See  Irrosbeg,  note  ',  p. 
107,  ante. 

qArdberra  haven In  Irish,  Cuan  CIipo- 

beapa.  Here  resided,  during  the  last  cen- 
tury, the  elder  branch  of  the  respectable 
family  of  Coneys,  now  so  numerous  in  this 
district.  Tradition  relates,  that  the  first 
of  the  name  that  settled  here,  was  Thomas 
Coneys,  who  came  to  Ireland  with  his  two 
uncles,  who  were  officers  in  Cromwell's 
army ;  and  that  he  was  stationed  at  Innis- 
bofin.  This  may  be,  but  I  find  the  name 
C Coney  among  the  Irish  families  enu- 
merated in  the  collections  of  Doctor  Ray- 
mond, formerly  Fellow  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin ;  and  which  are  now  preserved  in 
the  Library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy. 
The  first  who  settled  in  Iar-Connaught 
was  Thomas  Coney;  who,  on  2 1st  August, 
1677,  obtained  a  "transplanter's  certifi- 
cate for  a  grant  to  him  and  his  heirs  for 
ever,  of  the  lands  of  Towerskehin,  Lough- 
ana,  and  Crosslehaine,  in  Ballinahinch 
barony :  saving  to  Hugh  King,  '  an  inno- 


cent,' all  his  rights  thereto." — Roll  iii. 
rnemb.  101,  Chief  Remembrancer's  Office, 
Dublin.  This  Thomas  (who  appears  to 
have  afterwards  added  an  s  to  his  name) 
was  sheriff  of  Galway,  A.  D.  1 694 — See 
Hist,  of  that  town,  p.  221.  From  him 
descended  Matthew  Coneys  of  Ardbear,  a 
near  relative  of  the  Editor ;  and  an  indi- 
vidual who,  through  a  long  life,  bore  the 
character  of  an  upright  magistrate  and  an 
honest  man.  He  died  at  a  venerable  age, 
in  A.  D.  1 806.  His  eldest  son  resided  at 
Slimehead.     See  ante,  p.  no,  note  °. 

Belathnabay.  —  6eal  ara  na  baibe, 
now  called  Ballinaboy.  A  monthly  market 
held  here  from  time  immemorial,  has  been 
lately  removed  to  the  town  of  Clifden. 
The  ruins  of  St.  Flannan's  church,  Cill 
piannamn,  may  be  seen  in  the  townland 
of  Kill  (which  townland  should  properly 
be  called  Kilflannan),  on  the  north  of 
Ballindoon  parish  ;  and  near  it  a  holy 
well  dedicated  to  the  saint.  See  ante,  p. 
1 09,  note  n ;  and  Martin's  account  of  the 
Flannan  Islands  in  the  West  of  Scotland, 
which  are  said  to  be  called  after  St.  Flan- 
nan.— Description,  p.  17.  This  church 
"  admits  no  buriall,"  i.  e.  bodies  are  not 
interred  within  it;  and  it  is  firmly  be- 


I  12 


and  the  salmon  fish  comes  on  Belathnabay  River.  In  Irrosflannan 
is  Saint  Flanan's  church,  which  they  say  was  the  parish  church 
antiently. 

This  church  admits  no  burial  within  the  walls  of  it.  Owanglinn 
river  falling  from  the  mountaines  of  Bennabeola  into  Ardberra  haven, 
divides  the  north  half  barony  from  the  south. 

Between  Inistuirk  and  Imay  islands',  an  arm  of  the  sea  runs  up 

by 


lieved,  that  should  any  person  be  so  inter- 
red, the  body  would  be  found  over  ground 
the  next  day.  See  Martin's  Description, 
p.  49,  for  a  similar  belief  in  the  isle  of 
Taransay  ;  and  for  the  mode  by  which 
the  natives  there  were  "  delivered  from 
this  unreasonable  fancy."  The  Owanglin 
river  mentioned  above,  is  that  which  flows 
under  the  bridge  of  Clifden. 

r  Inistuirk  and  Imay  islands — There  are 
other  small  islands  here,  the  chief  of  which 
is  called  Tarbert ;  but  the  most  remark- 
able of  the  group  is  Imay,  called  in  Irish, 
lomaio,  or  lomaio  Peicin,  now  anglicised 
Omey.  Here  the  celebrated  St.  Fechin, 
patron  of  Fore  in  Westmeath,  founded  a 
monastery  in  the  seventh  century,  as  re- 
lated in  the  supplement  to  his  Life,  ch.  xx  ii. 
in  Colgan's  Acta  SS.  135.  It  is  said  that 
the  last  pagans  in  Ireland  were  found  by  St. 
Fechin  in  this  island  of  Omey.  For  those 
whom  Cambrensis  afterwards  described  as 
"homines  nudi,  qui  non  sciverunt  nisi 
carnes  et  pisces;  qui  non  fuerunt  Chris- 
tiani,  nee  audiverunt  unquam  de  Christo," 
see  Gratianus  Lucius  on  this,  p.  38.  For 
more  of  this  island,  and  of  the  tract  of  Bal- 


lymac-Conry.  and  the  castle  of  "  Down." 
mentioned  above,  see  the  Additional  Notes. 
On  a  part  of  that  tract,  called  Clougkm, 
Clocdn,  stands  the  new  town  of  that  name, 
fashionably  anglicized  Clifden.     In  A.  D. 
1809,  there  was  only  one  hou->- her.-,  built 
by  Walter  Coneys,   Esq.;  but   in  A.  I> 
1 841,  there  were,  according  to  ti 
that  year  taken.  182  houses  and  1509  in- 
habitants.     The  ruins  of  the  chunk  of 
Athdearg,  in  Irish,  Ceampull  dKaoeipg, 
or  the  Church  of  the  red  Ford,  lie  west  of  a 
mountain    stream    of  a    reddish    colour, 
which  flows  into  that  inlet  of  the  ocean 
now  called  Streamstown  Bay.  nortl - 
of  "  Ballymac-Conrv." 

In  this  district  there  lately  lived  ■ 
elected  poetical  genius,  whose  nam. 
Michael  Mar  Sweeny,  who.  though  held  in 
high  repute  by  his  countrymen,  was  suffer- 
ed to  die  in  poverty:  but  this,  it  is  said, 
often    occurs  in   half-civilized  communi- 
ties, where  pride  and  ignorance  ar 
nerallv  prevalent.     By  the  Knrrlish-speak- 
ing  portion  of  the  people.   Mac  Sweeny 
was  called  the  "  Bard  of  the  West"     Be 
composed,  in  his  native  language,  several 


1 1 


by  Balymac-conroy,  to  the  castle  of  Down,  where  there  is  a  harbour 
for  shipping.  The  church  of  Athclearg  near  that  castle,  they  say, 
was  in  antient  time  the  parish  church  of  this  parish ;  but  now  the 
parish  church  is  at  Imay.  The  island  of  Imay  lyes  in  the  sea,  so  as 
on  low  water  it  can  be  entered  dry  foot.  Within  it  there  is  a  poole 
of  standing  water,  and  the  soil  is  plain  and  champain.  St.  Fechin 
erected  an  abbey  therein,  but  now  the  parish  church  is  only  extant ; 
whereof  St.  Fechin  is  patron,  the  20th  of  January  worshiped,  whose 
well  is  here  visited,  which  of  late  proves  very  miraculous  for  restoring 
of  health.  St.  Fechin,  abbot,  native  of  Lugny  [Leyny]  in  the  county 
of  Sligoe,  and  of  the  same  house  of  Fothart  with  St.  Bridget  of  Kil- 
dare,  was  founder  of  severall  abbeys  ;  the  chiefest  of  which  are  Fovar 
in  Meath,  Easdara  in  Sligoe  county,  and  Cong.  From  Esdara  he 
came  to  Imay ;  and  his  memory  is  kept  in  several  places  of  this 
countrey.  He  dyed  of  the  plague8,  which,  Anno  664,  began  in  Ire- 
land, the  20th  of  January  after. 


poems  and  songs  of  considerable  merit; 
which  have  become  such  favourites,  that 
there  are  but  few  of  the  Irish-speaking 
natives,  who  cannot  repeat  some  of  them 
from  memory.  Many  of  these  have  been 
collected  by  the  Editor;  and  if  space  shall 
permit,  one  or  more  of  the  most  popular 
will  be  inserted  in  the  Additional  Notes, 
as  a  specimen  of  modern  Irish  versifica- 
tion, and  of  those  compositions  which  af- 
ford so  much  social  pleasure  to  the  good 
people  of  Iar-Connaught. 

s  The  plague. — This  memorable  pesti- 
lence was  called  buibe  Chonnaill,  yellow 
plague  of  Connell.  Connall  is  supposed  to 
have  been  the  name  of  some  distinguished 
man  who  died  of  it,  for  which  see  the  Four 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.    1 5. 


In 

Masters,  A.  D.  664.  For  the  particulars 
above  related  of  St.  Fechin,  see  Colgan's 
Acta  SS.  p.  130  ;  also  Ussher's  Primord., 
p.  966,  where  by  a  singular  error  (first 
corrected  by  Mr.  O'Donovan)  he  con- 
founds Pabap,  the  name  of  the  ancient 
town  of  Fore,  inWestmeath,  with  teabctp, 
the  Irish  name  for  a  book  !  "  Eum  vulgo 
Peicin  pabcnp  Fechinum  Foverce  vel  Fou- 
rice  appellant :  ab  habitationis  loco,  quem 
Latine  Favoriam,  Hibernice  balle-leab- 
uip,  quasi  Kiriath-Sepher  (Josu.  15.  15. 
Judic.  1.  11)  aut  Urbem  librorum  dixeris 
appellatum  invenio."  Doctor  O' Conor, 
Annal.  Ulton.  p.  56,  n.  (3),  and  Tig.  205, 
n.  (68)  ;  Doctor  Lanigan,  Eccl.  Hist.  ch. 
xviii.   n.  (148);    and    Archdall,   Monast. 


Q 


114 


In  the  Western  Ocean  beyond  Imay  three  smaller  islands  ap- 
pear, viz.,  Cruagh-ar-ni-may,  called  by  Sir  James  "Ware  "  Insula  cu- 
niculorum,"  for  its  store  of  rabbets  (  Ware,  Ant.  Hih.  cap.  28,  p.  287). 
It  is  a  bane  to  dogs',  which  dye  on  the  spot  or  soon  after  coming 
out.  The  next  is  Olen-ambrahar,  or  the  Fryar's  Island.  The 
furthest  of  is  Ardolen",  the   High  Island  {Colgan,  20  Jan.  p.  135, 

cap. 


p.  7 1 1 ,  following  Ussher,  have  perpetuated 
the  mistake. 

'  A  bane  to  dogs This  is  not  the  case 

at  present.  The  island  is  now  called  Crua 
(Cruack)  Island,  and  is  still  remarkable 
"  for  its  store  of  rabbets."  North  of  it  is 
"  Fryar's  Island."  Both  are  uninhabited, 
but  afford  good  pasturage. 

u  Ardolen Qpo   Oilean,   i.e.  High 

Island.  This  is  the  most  remarkable 
island  of  the  group  mentioned  above.  It 
lies  a  short  distance  west  of  Friar's  Isle, 
and  like  it  is  uninhabited,  and  difficult 
of  access.  Here  the  celebrated  St.  Fechin 
(for  whom  see  ante,  p.  113)  founded  a 
monastery,  formerly  in  great  repute.  A 
considerable  portion  of  its  ruins  still  re- 
mains, and  several  ancient  stone  crosses 
are  erected  around  them.  There  are  also 
here  some  of  those  old  stone  houses  or 
cells  called  Cloghans,  for  which  see  ante, 
p.  82,  note f.  The  Four  Masters  record, 
that  in  A.  D.  1017,  Gormgal,  Primh  Anm- 
chara,  or,  as  he  is  called  by  Colgan,  Archisi- 
nedrus,  or  principal  father  confessor  of  all 
Ireland,  died  in  Ard-oilen.  The  second 
life  of  St.  Fechin,  Colgan,  p.  135,  ch.  xxii. 
states,  that  after  the  saint    finished  the 


monastery  of  Imaidh  (Omey),  he  founded 
another  in  Ard-oilen.  On  this  Colgan, 
p.  141,  has  a  note  (13),  thus  translated  : 
"  This  island  is  also  in  the  ocean,  and  is 
distant  a  few  leagues  towards  the  ^ 
from  Immagia  (Orney)  and  after  St,  Fe- 
chin, St.  Gormgal,  a  man  of  celebrated 
sanctity,  who  died  in  the  year  ioi-. 
the  5th  day  of  August  (on  which  day, 
according  to  Marianus,  his  birth-d^ 
observed),  ennobk-d  it  very  much  by  hi* 
anachoretic  habits,  and  most  exact  life. 
The  elegant  and  very  pious  poem  of 
blessed  Corranus,  who  flourished  at  tht- 
same  time,  concerning  his  praises  and 
relics,  is  extant  in  my  possession."  In 
the  Appendix  to  the  Life  of  St.  Endeus, 
ch.  vii.  p.  715,  Colgan.  speaking  of  the 
third  island  of  Aran,  which  he  mis- 
takes for  Ardolen,  see  ante,  p.  91,  note  c, 
gives,  from  Corranus.  the  names  of  the 
following  holy  men,  who.  with  St.  Gorm- 
gal, were  interred  in  Ardolen.  viz. :  "  Moel- 
suthunius,  Celecharius,  Dubthacus.  Du- 
nadach,  Cellachus,  Tressachus.  Ultanu>. 
Maelmartinus,  Corornacchus.  Conma- 
chus."  Archdall,  in  Monast.  p.  272.  has 
copied  Colgan  respecting  Ardoilen;  and. 


1 1 


cap.  22),  antiently  called  Innis-hiarthuir,  i.  e.  the  West  Island.  It  is 
unaccessible  but  on  calm  settled  weather,  and  so  steep  that  it  is  hard 
after  landing  in  it  to  climb  to  the  top;  where  there  is  a  well  called 
Brian  Boramy  (King  of  Ireland)  his  well,  and  a  standing  water,  on 
the  brook  whereof  was  a  mill.  There  is  extant  a  chappel  and  a 
large  round  wall,  as  also  that  kind  of  stone  building  called  Cloghan. 
Therein  yearly  an  ayrie  of  hawkesv  is  found.  Here  St.  Fechin 
founded  an  abbey,  as  he  did  at  Imay.  It  is  alsoe  celebrated  for  the 
heremiticall  retirement  of  Saint  Gormgal,  a  very  spirituall  person,  and 
of  renowned  sanctity,  who  dyed  the  5th  of  August,  Anno  1017;  and 
was  there  interred,  together  with  diverse  other  holy  hermits  that 
lived  with  him.  Ten  of  them  are  named  by  father  Colganus,  out  of 
an  antient  poem  in  his  praise,  extant  (  Colg.  2 1  Mar.  cap.  7,  et  Vit.  S. 
Endei,  p.  715,  adjinem.) 

Northward   of  Ardolen  are   Inis-ark  and  Bonn   Islesw,  of  this 

countrey 


therefore,  all  he  says  of  it,  except  what 
relates  to  St.  Gormgal,  is  erroneous.  Doctor 
Lanigan  himself,  the  great  corrector  of 
Archdall  and  Ledwich,  has  erred  on  this 
very  point,  by  following  and  even  defend- 
ing Colgan. — Eccl.  Hist.  chap.  xvii.  n.  137, 
et  seq. 

v  Hawkes Ireland  was  anciently  cele- 
brated for  producing  these  noble  birds.  See 
Harris's  Ware,  Antiquit.  chap.  xxii.  Carve, 
in  his  Lyra,  Sultzbaci,  1666,  4to.  (before 
referred  to,  p.  67,  note  k),  thus  writes  of 
Eobert  Barry,  one  of  the  early  Anglo- 
Norman  adventurers,  and  ancestor  of  the 
earls  of  Barrymore:  "  Fuit  hie  primus, 
qui  accipitres  in  Hibernia  cicuravit,  atque 
venandi,  seu  accipitrandi  usui  assuefecit, 
unde  primordialis  accipitrarius  in  Hiber- 


nia extitit." — p.  47.  But  this  statement 
cannot  be  depended  on.  It  comes  un- 
supported by  any  authority ;  and  we 
know  that  Carve's  Lyra  abounds  with 
mistakes. 

w  Inis-ark  and  Bofin  isles On    the 

island  of  Inis-ark  are  the  ruins  of  an  an- 
cient church  called  Teampull  Leo,  and 
near  it  a  stone  cross,  Leac  Leo.  On  the 
south  shore  there  is  a  cave  called  Uaimh 
Leo,  where  the  saint  is  said  to  have  passed 
much  of  his  time  in  prayer  and  medita- 
tion ;  and  in  it  is  a  well  dedicated  to  him. 
There  is  also  shewn  a  ruin  called  Cloghan 
Leo,  in  which  he  is  said  to  have  dwelt. 
The  bell  mentioned  above,  as  having  been 
preserved  there  in  the  time  of  owv  author, 
has  long  since  disappeared.      Bofin In 


Q2 


n6 

countrey  of  Conmacny-mara  in  old  times  as  the  same  father  Colgan 
notes  (S.  Endei  Vit,,  p.  715  adjlnem),  tho'  this  countrey  [is]  not  part 
of  Irrosdownan,  as  he  guesseth  (Idem.  1°  Mar.  p.  437,  num.  3).  but 
for  three  hundred  years  now  belonging  to  the  Owles  ;  which  there- 
fore I  omit,  only  that  Inisark  is  of  the  same  property  with  Bofin. 

and 


Irish,  Imp  bo  Pmne,   the  Island  of  the 
White  Cow.     It  has  been  sometimes  writ- 
ten Bophin ;  in  which  form,  it  gave  the 
title    of   baron   (created    by  James  II.) 
to  John,   the  ninth   earl  of  Clanricarde. 
This  island  is  celebrated  in  ancient  and 
modern  Irish  history.      Venerable  Bede 
relates,  that   in  A.  D.   667,    St.  Colman 
founded  a  monastery  here:  "  Deinde  se- 
cessit  ad  insulam  quandam  parvam, 
ad  occidentalem  plagam  ab  Ilibernia  pro- 
cul  secreta,  sermone  Scotico  Inisbqfinde,  id 
est,   '  Insula  Vitulse  Albas'   nuncupatur. 
In  hanc  ergo  perveniens  construxit  mo- 
nasterium,   et  monachos    inibi,    quos    de 
utraque  natione  collectos  adduxerat,  col- 
locavit." —  Hist.  Eccl.   lib.  iv.   c.  4.      On 
this  Ussher  pertinently  observes  :  "  Earn 
in  hodierna  Scotia  frustra  quaerit  Deinp- 
sterus :  quum,  e  regione  Maioneusis  litoris 
in  Connacia.  positam  nomen  adhuc  inte- 
grum retinere,  compertum  habeamus." — 
Primord.  p.  825.     See  also  the  Annals  of 
the  Four  Masters,  ad  ami.  667,  674,  711, 
809,  898;  and  our  author's  Ogyg.  p.  232. 
From  the  seventh  century  to  the  seven- 
teenth, this  island  was  little  known  be- 
yond   the   neighbouring    shores    of  Iar- 
Connaught  and  Umhall  ui  Mhaille  ;  but 


during  the  latter  eventful  century,  it 
was  considered  of  importance  by  the  I  - 
contending  parties  in  Ireland,  and 
alternately  fortified  by  them.  On  this 
island,  which  is  now  generally  called  In- 
nisbofin,  the  following  remains  of  anti- 
quity may  still  be  seen.  In  Knock  tow  n- 
land,  the  ruins  of  S  church, 

built  as  already  mentioned,  in  A.  D.  I     J 
Near  it,  a  holy  well  called  71  otn. 

In  the  townland  of  Middle-quarter,  i^  the 
site  of  a  dwelling  called  .  1  it  tight  < 
This  Guairiiii  is  said  to  have  be. 
porary  with  St.  Colman.    Dt  .the 

site  of  a  castle  said  to  have  been  built  ly 
the  celebrated  heroine  Grana  Weale. 
earthen  dun  called  Durtr-mor,  in  the  town- 
land  of  West-quarter.  The  remain* 
the  fortress  repaired  in  the  time  of  Crom- 
well. Loc/i  bo  finite,  or  tii  I  tL. 
White  Cow,    lies    between   '                   -illd> 

of  West-quarter   and   Faunmore.      The 

natives  tell  that  the  enchanted  white 
from  which  the  island  takes  its  na: 
frequently  seen  emerging  from  this  lake. 

North  of  Innisbofin  lie  the  island  of 
Inisturk  (Imp  Cuipc)  and  Cahir  island, 
which  have  been  omitted  by  our  author, 
as  "belonging  to  the  Owfl  s."     In  the  far- 


ii7 

and  the  saint  therein  worshipped,  St.  Leo ;  of  whose  reliques  is  a 
bell  there  extant,  And  that  St.  Colman,  third  Irish  bishiop  of  Lan- 
disfarn  in  England,  (and  native  of  Connaught,  as  father  Colgan 
gathers)  (TV.  Thaum.  pi  382,  num.  16),  arrived  at  Bonn,  Anno  D. 
668  (Usser.  De  Primord.),  and  there  founded  an  abbey  (Usser.  loco 

citato  ; 


mer  are  the  ruins  of  an  old  church  dedi- 
cated to  St.  Columbkille,  and  the  site  of 
an  ancient  dun,  or  earthen  fort.  The 
family  of  O'Toole  is  said  to  be  in  posses- 
sion of  this  island  for  many  centuries. 
They  are  a  branch  of  the  O'Malleys,  and 
different  from  their  namesakes  of  Omey 
island  in  Conamara,  who  are  of  Leinster 
origin,  and  for  whom  see  the  Additional 
Notes.  Cahir  island  lies  east  of  Innisturk, 
and  is  called  in  Irish,  Oilean  na  Cathrach 
(i.  e.  the  Island  of  the  Cahir,  or  Stone 
fort),  or  Cathair  na  Naomh  (Cathair 
of  the  Saints),  and  sometimes,  Cathair 
Phadruig.  Here  is  a  small  ancient  church, 
in  the  primitive  Irish  style,  called  by 
some,  Team  pull  na  neeve  (na  naorii),  and 
by  others  Templepatrick.  Near  its  east 
gable  on  the  outside,  is  a  flag  inscribed 
with  a  cross,  and  called  Leaba  Phadruig, 
or  the  bed  of  Patrick.  On  the  altar  with- 
in the  church  is  laid  a  remarkable  slab 
called  ^eac  na  naom,  about  two  feet  in 
diameter,  and  composed  of  different  kinds 
of  stones,  which  is  said  to  be  possessed  of 
great  virtues.  Boats  passing  this  island 
lower  the  main-sail  thrice,  out  of  reve- 
rence to  the  saints  whose  memories  are 
here  celebrated ;  as  is  done  at  Mac  Dara's 


island,  for  which  see  ante,  p.  97,  note  a. 

The  "  Owles,"  mentioned  above,  was  a 
term  used  by  English  writers  to  Anglicize 
Umhall,  the  ancient  territory  of  the  O'Mal- 
leys, in  the  west  of  Ireland,  which  was 
generally  called  Umhall  Ui  Mhaille.  This 
territory  comprised  the  two  districts  now 
forming  the  baronies  of  Murrisk  and 
Burrishoole,  in  the  County  of  Mayo,  which 
were  named  the  two  Umhalls ;  the  former 
called  Umhall  uachtrach,  or  the  upper ;  and 
the  latter,  Umhall  iochtrach,  or  the  lower ; 
and  hence  the  plural  "  Owles,"  from  an 
approximation  of  sound,  was  used  to  de- 
signate both.  Our  neighbours  were  not 
more  successful  in  Latinizing  this  Irish 
name  by  the  word  "  pomum."  Thus, 
"  O'Mayll,  de  Porno,  chief  Captaine  of  his 
nation."  —  State  Papers,  vol.  ii.  part  iii. 
p.  4,  A.  D.  15 15,  would  be  read  by  a  fo- 
reigner, "  O'Mayll  of  the  Apple."  This 
also  arose  from  a  similarity  of  sound  in 
the  pronunciation  of  Umhall  the  territory, 
and  ubhall,  an  apple.  Much  original  and 
curious  information  might  here  be  intro- 
duced respecting  this  old  district  and  its 
former  proprietors;  but  as  it  would  be 
irrelevant  in  the  present  treatise,  it  must 
be  reserved  for  some  future  opportunity. 


n8 


citato;  and  Eccles.  Britt.  p.  964;    V.  Bed.  Histor.  Ecd.  lib.  4,  cap.  4), 
dyed  the  8th  of  August,  676. 

Within  Ardolen,  Inisark,  and  Bonn  isles,  is  Blackrock  haven*, 
whereby  the  continent  of  Cloggin  there  is  pilchard  fishing,  and  an 
ayrie  of  hawkes.  There  was  a  weekly  market  at  Cloggin  belonging 
to  the  manor  of  Bonowan.  In  the  same  bay  lyes  Dowras  [haven', 
and  the  salmon  fishing  of  Dowras],  on  which  pearle  breeding  muscles 
were  found.  By  this  haven  of  Dowras  stands  the  parish  church  of 
BallynaknT,  whose  patron,  St.  Kennanack,  is  worshipped  the  [1 2th]  of 

March, 


*  Blackrock  haven, — Cloggin. — The  name 
Blackrock  is  not  known  at  present.  The 
inlet  of  the  ocean  here  is  now  called 
"  Cleggan  bay."  Nimmo  in  his  Piloting 
Directions,  says  :  "  The  access  to  Cleggan 
bay  is  easy,  the  ground  clean  and  good, 
and  the  shelter  tolerable,  having  sufficient 
depth/or  any  ship:'1— p.  1 80.  The  "  Ayrie 
of  Hawkes"  formerly  here  (see  ante,  p,  66, 
note  k),  was  long  preserved  with  great 
care,  but  its  place  is  now  unknown.  Near 
the  head  of  this  bay  is  situate  Cleggan- 
house,  built  by  Robert  Martin  in  A.  D. 
1740,  as  appears  by  an  inscription  over 
the  entrance.  This  Eobert  Martin  was 
charged  with  having  murdered,  in  Galway, 
Lieutenant  Henry  Jolly,  an  officer  in 
General  Dormer's  regiment  of  foot;  for 
which  he  was  tried  at  Dublin,  in  A.  D. 
1735,  and  acquitted.  An  extract  from 
the  only  copy  of  this  curious  trial,  sup- 
posed to  be  extant,  will  be  found  in  the 
Additional  Notes. 

*  Dowras  haven. — In  Irish,  Oarhpop,  or 
Cuan  Oathpuip.      Now  the  harbour  of 


Ballinakill.  which  Mr.  Nimmo  describes 
"  as  well  sheltered,  the  bottom  good,  and 
the  water  deep." — Piloting  Jj<  net  ions,  p. 
181.  The  words  within  brackets  arc  in 
O'Flaherty's  autograph  copy,  now  in  the 
possession  of  Sir  Thomas  PhilippS,  Bart. 

1  Parish   church   of  BaUynakUL —  I 
ruins  of  this  ancient  church  lie  at  thi 
of  the  hill  of  Cartron,  about  two  miles 
north  of  the  village  of  Cleggan.     It  is  de- 
dicated to    St.  Ceannanach.  whose   well, 
enclosed  by  a  circular  wall,  is  situate  about 
a  furlong  east  of  the  church.     The 
gable  of  the  church  is  vi  great  antiquity ; 
but  there  is  a  modern  chapel  at  the 
end,  built,  according  to  tradition,  by  Ed- 
niond  Laidir,  or  the   strong.  OTlaherty. 
who  is  interred  in  it.    A.  D.  1 709.  appears 
inscribed  on  this  chapel.     The  parish  of 
Ballinakill  (6aile   na  cille,  the  bally  or 
townland  of  the  church),  forms  the  north 
part  of  the  barony  of  Ballinahinch.     It  is 
bounded,  north,  by  that  arm  oi  the  sea  an- 
ciently called  Cnol  pmle  puao,  now  the 
Killary;  east,  by  the  barony  of  Ro- 


n9 


March,  likely  the  same  with  St.  Kennanack  in  the  midle  island  of 
Aran.  There  are  sixteen  oyster  banks  on  this  haven,  near  Ballynakill. 

North-east  of  Dawras  haven  is  the  bay  and  narrow  streight  of 
Coelshaly  Roe,  stretching  into  the  lands  between  this  barony,  the 
Owles,  and  Joyce  Countrey;  in  which  bay  is  Rynnmoylea  castle  and 

Blacksod 


Joyce  country ;  south,  by  the  parishes  of 
Moyrus  and  Omey ;  and  west,  by  the  At- 
lantic Ocean. 

St.  Kennanach  (Ceannannach,  Ceann- 
pionnac)  the  patron  saint  of  Ballynakill, 
is  known  in  the  parish  by  the  name  of 
"  Gregory,"  which  is  said  to  have  been 
his  original  name.  See  p.  80,  note  c,  for 
an  account  of  his  church  in  the  middle 
island  of  Aran ;  which  is  considered  one 
of  the  most  ancient  and  perfect  of  all  the 
ecclesiastical  remains  in  those  islands. 
From  him  it  is  supposed  that  Gregory's 
Sound,  the  passage  between  that  island 
and  Aranmore,  has  been  called.  The  tra- 
dition still  preserved  in  the  parish  of 
Ballynakill  is,  that  St.  Ceannanach  was 
one  of  the  earliest  preachers  of  Christi  - 
anity  in  those  western  parts ;  and  that  he 
was  taken,  by  order  of  a  pagan  tyrant  who 
ruled  here,  and  beheaded  near  the  eastern 
extremity  of  the  present  village  of  Cleg- 
gan.  A  heap  of  stones  is  still  pointed 
out,  as  a  monument  said  to  have  been 
erected  on  the  spot  where  he  suffered. 

a  Rynnmoyle In    Irish,  Rmn   TTlhil. 

This  point  or  headland  lies  opposite  In- 
nisbofin,  and  it  was  so  called  according 
to  Mac  Firbis,  in  his  account  of  the  Fir- 
bolgs,  from  Mil,  one   of  the  leaders   of 


those  ancient  colonists,  who  settled  here 
about  the  first  century  of  Christianity. 
Other  places  on  the  western  coast  were 
also  named  after  this  Mil,  as  Muirbheach 
Mhil,  now  Kill-Murvy,  in  the  great  island 
of  Aran  ;  and  Rinn  Mhil,  now  Einvile, 
both  at  the  eastern  extremity  of  the  bay 
of  Gal  way.  The  castle  of  "  Rinmoyle" 
(Einvile)  was  erected,  according  to  some, 
by  the  O'Flaherties,  but  others  attribute 
it  to  the  Joyces.  In  A.  D.  1586,  it  was 
inhabited  by  Miles  Mac  Tibbot,  see  ante, 
p.  93,  note  w,  and  in  A.  D.  1642,  by  Colo- 
nel Edmond  O'Flaherty,  of  whom  an  in- 
teresting account  will  be  found  in  Ap- 
pendix II.  It  is  now  the  property  of 
Henry  Blake,  Esq. 

Blacksod  haven In  Irish,  Cuan  an 

Phoib  Duib,  is  now  called  the  "  little 
Killary,  or  Salrock  Harbour.  Sal  ■Roc- 
means  the  tract  of  St.  Eoc,  who  is  stated 
by  tradition  to  have  been  a  most  holy 
man,  and  a  worker  of  many  miracles  ;  but 
no  written  account  of  him  has  yet  been 
found.  His  church,  which  is  said  to  have 
been  a  sanctuary  in  former  times,  is  now 
a  ruin  on  the  south  side  of  the  bay. 

The  seaven  daughters  above  alluded  to, 
are  stated  to  have  been  the  daughters  of 
a   British  king  (see  ante,  p.  14),  Seacc 


120 

Blacksod  haven.  In  Ryimmoile  is  a  church,  and  the  memory  of  the 
seaven  daughters  celebrated.  Culfinn  river  falls  into  this  bay.  and 
Leaght  Fathacan  river  between  this  and  Joyce  Countrey,  as  also 
Bonowan-an-eoin  river.  From  Joyce  Countrey  next,  is  a  ridge  of 
high  mountains,  between  this  Barony  of  Balynahinsy  and  Joyce 
Countrey,  or  the  half  barony  of  Ross;  and  the  passes  that  open 
through  are  called  Mamb,  as   Mam-eich,  Mam-tuirk,  and  Mam-en. 

There 


n-injien  pi j;  6peaccm.  The  remains  of 
their  church  may  still  be  seen  to  the  east 
of  the  old  castle  of  Rinvile.  The  door  is 
in  the  north  side,  close  to  the  west  gable. 
Near  it  is  a  holy  well  held  in  great  vene- 
ration, called  Cobap  na  peace  n-in£ean, 
where  the  people  perform  their  devotions. 
Here  they  formerly  had  a  stone  called 
^eac  na  peace  n-in£ean,  which  was  used 
as  a  "  cursing  stone  ;"  but  it  was  taken 
away  and  buried  by  the  parish  priest,  at 
which  the  people  were  much  dissatisfied. 
Near  this  are  some  upright  stones  called 
the  Liagauns,  which  are  supposed  to  be 
the  remains  of  a  pagan  grave. 

In  Oilean  oa  cpumne  (the  largest  of 
those  now  called  the  Crump  islands,  which 
lie  about  a  mile  north  of  the  old  castle  of 
Einvile),  maybe  seen  the  remains  of  a  small 
primitive  church,  rudely  built  of  some 
laro-e,  and  many  small  stones,  but  with 
good  mortar.  It  is  not  known  when  or 
by  whom  this  ancient  church  was  erected, 
nor  is  there  any  account  of  the  saint  to 
whom  it  was  dedicated.  No  burial  is 
permitted  within  its  walls.  It  is  related, 
that  the  remains  of  one  person  only  were 


deposited  in  it,  since  the  time  of  the  saint, 
but   that,  next  morning,   the  body 
found  at  Smearoid,  on  the  opposite  shore, 
a  place  where  children  are  now  interred. 
See  ante  p.  in.  note  q. 

The  rivers  mentioned  above,  are  in  Irish. 
Gbamn  cuite  pine,  feacr  Ui  Purucuin. 
and  6un  abann  an  Cucun.  or  the  Mouth 
of  the  River  of  the  Harbour. 

b  Minn. — TVkiom.  a  gap  or  chasm.  In 
Iar-Connaught,  Mam  (which  is  pronounced 
Maum)  is  understood  to  mean  an  elevated 
pass;  and  such  gaps  or  passes  are  often 
distinguished  by  the  names  of  aninia-- 
in  the  above  instances.  See  on  this  sub- 
ject, a  curious  "  Tour  in  Connaught.' 
a  late  ingenious  and  fa<  irist.  the 

Eev.  Csesar  Otway,  Dublin.  1839,  p.  232. 

Besides  the  holy  wells  aboi 
there  are  several  other  places  of  d 
tional  observance  in  this  district,  viz..  in 
Murder  Owen,  a  holy  well  dedicated  to 
the  seven  daughters,  called  Cobap  na 
peace  n-mjean.  At  To-imkilk.  in  the 
barony  of  Eoss,  an  ancient  settlement  of 
the  Joyces,  are  t  wo  wells ;  one  named  after 
St.  Patrick,  and  the  other  after  St.  Fechin. 


121 

There  is  a  well  in  memorie  of  St.  Fechin  at  Mam-tuirk.  At  Mam-en, 
there  springs  out  of  a  stone  a  litle  water,  named  from  St.  Patrick, 
which  is  a  present  remedy  against  murrein  in  cattel,  not  only  ap- 
plyed,  but  alsoe  as  soon  as  tis  sent  for  they  begin  to  have  ease. 
Next  Mam-en  are  the  mountains  of  Corcoga,  in  the  confines  of 
Balynahynsy,  Ross,  and  Moycullin  countreys,  where  the  fat  deerec 

is 


At  Cannanagk  and  Gowlannatt,  two  other 
wells  dedicated  to  St.  Fechin.  In  the 
townland  of  Kilbride,  in  the  same  barony, 
another  ancient  patrimony  of  the  Joyces, 
there  is  a  well  dedicated  to  the  Blessed 
Virgin,  called  Cobap  TTluipe.  In  the 
townland  of  Dooghty  (tDubacca),  in  that 
part  of  the  parish  of  Cong  which  runs 
into  Iar-Connaught,  there  are  two  holy 
wells ;  one  named  after  the  Blessed  Virgin, 
and  the  other  after  St.  Fechin.  Near  the 
latter  is  a  flag  or  stone  called  leac  Peicin, 
by  which  men  are  put  to  the  ordeal. 

c  The  fat  deere — These  were  the  large 
"  red  deer"  (  Cervus  elaphus),  once  so  nume- 
rous in  Ireland,  and  the  hunting  of  which, 
for  food  or  amusement,  formed  the  princi- 
pal occupation  of  the  early  Irish.  These 
fine  animals,  which  have  been  described  as 
"  very  large,  fleet,  and  fierce,"  herded  for 
ages  among  the  "  high  mountains"  of  Iar- 
Connaught,  and  were  plenty  there  when 
the  foregoing  treatise  was  written  ;  but 
they  have  since  become  extinct.  See 
Colgan's  Acta  SS.  p.  160,  c.  7  ;  p.  280, 
c.  13  ;  p.  306,  c.  8  ;  and  Gratianus  Lucius, 
p.  138,  for  notices  of  this  large  species 
of  deer.  Doctor  Thomas  Molyneux,  the 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5. 


friend  and  contemporary  of  our  author,  in 
"  A  Discourse  concerning  the  large  Horns 
frequently  found  under  Ground  in  Ire- 
land," has  observed  that  "  the  red  deer 
in  those  our  days,  is  much  more  rare  with 
us  in  Ireland,  than  it  has  been  formerly, 
even  in  the  memory  of  man  :"  and  he 
truly  conjectured  that,  "  unless  there  be 
some  care  taken  to  preserve  it,  I  believe 
in  process  of  time  this  kind  may  be  lost 
also."  He  has  moreover  quoted  "  a  re- 
markable passage  in  Scheffer's  Description 
of  Lapland,  from  Johannes  Bureus,  that, 
sometimes  a  sort  of  disease,  after  the  man- 
ner of  a  plague,  affects  the  rein  deer,  so 
as  they  all  die :  '  Solet  interdum  rangiferos 
morbus  quidam  velut  pestis  invadere.  Sic 
ut  moriantur  omnes.'  " — Nat.  Hist,  of  Ire- 
land, Dub.  1726,  p.  143.  Probably  to 
some  similar  distemper  may  be  attributed 
the  extinction  of  the  red  deer  in  this  part 
of  Ireland.  So  late  as  A.  D.  1752,  they 
abounded  in  the  barony  of  Erris,  Mayo 
County.  Doctor  Pococke  in  his  Travels, 
quoted  ante,  p.  72,  note",  states,  that  the 
mountains  of  Erris  "  are  full  of  red  deer, 
which  are  very  indifferent  food,  being  ne- 
ver fat.    However,  the  hunting  of  them 


It 


122 


is  frequently  hunted ;  whereof  no  high  mountain  m  the  barony  of 
Balynahinsy,  or  half  barony  of  Rosse,  is  destitude. 


/•'/  NTS. 


Aprill  the  $th,  1684. 

affords  good  diversion  to  those  who  tra- 
verse the  mountains  on  foot,  but  they 
frequently  escape  the  dogs." — p.  SS-  -^ 
a  later  date,  A.  D.  1760,  they  were  nu- 
merous among  the  mountains  of  Kerry, 
and  "amazingly  large  and  fat." — Derrick's 
Letters,  p.  59.  The  Editor  has  recently 
heard  from  an  old  native  of  the  barony  1  if 


Boss,  in  Iar-Connaught,  that  in  his  youth 
large  red  deer  were  common  there  ;  that 
he  frequently  saw  them  grazing  among 
the  black  cattle  on  the  hills;  and  par- 
ticularly rememl  which 
caught  by  the  horns  in  a  thick' 
it  was  found  dead. 


ADDITIONAL  NOTES. 


Ea 


125 


ADDITIONAL  NOTES. 


NOTE  A.     See  2)age  i,  note  b.     "  Wes^  Connaught" 

rpiIIE  ancient  divisions  of  Connaught,  through  the  neglect  of  its  history  and 
-*-  topography,  are  not  so  generally  known  at  the  present  day,  as  those  of  the 
other  provinces  of  Ireland.  The  late  Doctor  O'Conor  has  observed,  that  "  there  is  no 
history  of  the  province  of  Connaught,  neither  is  there  of  any  town  or  district  in  that 
most  populous  part  of  Ireland,  except  this  unpublished  chronicle  {i.e.  Annates  Conna- 
cice,  Hibernice,  fol.)  The  barren  Orkneys,  and  the  wilds  of  Caithness,  Sunderland, 
and  Morey,  can  boast  of  their  histories;  while  the  rich  plains  of  Koscommon,  Maio, 
Sligo,  and  Galway,  and  their  towns  and  capitals,  are  unrecorded  and  undescribed." — 
Cat.  Bib.  MSS.  Stowensis,  vol.  i.  p.  73.  This  cannot  be  attributed  to  want  of  mate- 
rials, for  there  is  abundance  on  record,  if  properly  explored.  From  these  it  appears, 
that  the  ancient  colony  of  the  Belga;,  or  Firbolgs,  first  divided  Ireland  into  five  pro- 
vinces; and  to  that  division  Cambrensis,  who  wrote  about  A.  D.  1 180,  alludes  in  the 
following  words  :  "  In  quinque  enim  portiones  fere  sequales  antiquitus  ha?c  insula 
divisa  fuit." — Topogr.  dist.  i.  c.  6.  The  western  portion  originally  extended  from  the 
mouth  of  the  Shannon,  along  its  right  bank,  to  the  mouth  of  the  Drobhais  (Drowes),  a 
river  on  the  confines  of  Ulster,  which  flowing  out  of  Lough  Melvin,  in  a  north- 
westerly direction,  falls  into  the  bay  of  Donegal.  Connaught  comprehended,  beyond 
its  modern  limits,  the  territories  of  Thomond,  or  the  present  County  of  Clare  ;  and 
North  Breifne,  the  present  County  of  Cavan.  By  the  latter  it  acquired  "  a  fearful  pre- 
ponderance over  the  other  provinces  of  Ireland." — Cat.  MSS.  Stow.  p.  26.  So  late  as  the 
sixteenth  century,  Sir  Henry  Sydney,  when  about  dividing  the  province  into  counties, 

adopted  the  ancient  boundaries,  but  excluded  North  Breifne See  his  Dispatch  to  the 

Lords  of  the  Council,  27th  April,  1576,  in  "Letters  and  Memorials  of  State,"  pub- 
lished by  Arthur  Collins,  London,  1747. — Fol.  vol.  i.  p.  102.  Also  the  Annals  of 
the  Four  Masters,  at  A.  D.  1569. 

This 


126 

This  great  western  division  of  Ireland  was  first  known  by  the  name  of  Olnrgmacht. 
"strangely  corrupted,"  says  the  venerable  Charles  O'Conor,  "into  Nagnatce  by 
Ptolomey." — Dissert,  sect.  xiii. ;  and  it  is  supposed  to  have  been  so  called  from  Olneg- 
mackt,  daughter  of  one  of  the  Firbolg  chiefs — Book  of  Lecan.  fol.  221.  Our  accurate 
annalist,  Tigernach,  at  A.  D.  33,  calls  it  Coiceo  n-Olnecmocc,  the  fifth,  or  province, 
of  Olnegmacht.  That  name  it  retained  until  the  third  century,  after  which  it  v 
called  Connact,  as  is  supposed  from  the  Scotish  or  Milesian  tribes,  who  settled  in  it 
about  that  period ;  and  who  were  known  by  the  name  of  Cuinn  lccra,  the  raceofConn, 
i.  e.  the  posterity  of  Eochaidh  Muighmhedhoin  (Eocky  Moyvane)  king,  first  of  Con- 
naught,  and  afterwards  of  Ireland,  who  was  descended  from  that  hero. — Book  of 
Lecan,  loc.  cit.  The  readers  of  our  annals  wall  find  this  province  frequently  mentioned 
by  other  names,  viz. :  Coige  Srenge,  Coige  Meadhbha  (Meave),  Coige  OilioBa,  &c. ;  bat 
these  were  temporary  appellations,  generally  given  by  the  bards,  after  distinguished 
personages  who  flourished  there  at  different  periods. 

Connaught,  from  an  early  period,  has  been  frequently  subdivided.  See  our  aul: 
Ogygia  for  the  ancient  ternary  division  called  ceopa  Connacc,  or  the  three  Con- 
naughts,  made  by  the  Belgae,  or  pectn  Chonnacccn^,  the  old  Connacians:  "  Tres  pre- 
cipuaj  fuerunt  familiae,  viz.,  Gamanradii,  Fir-Craibii,  et  Tuatha-taidhen,  a  quibu- 
Connactia  in  ternas  Connactias  distincta,  et  hi  Fir  Olnegmact  etiam  sunt  appellatL" — 
Ogyg.  p.  175,  see  also  c.  xliii.  p.  269.  These  old  Conacians  were  succeeded  by  the 
three  Scotic  or  Milesian  tribes  of  Connaught,  viz.,  the  Hy-Fiachrach,  Sil  Murry  (Siol 
Muireadhaigh)  and  the  Hy-Briuin  of  Breifny,  i.e.  of  Oixthir,  ot  Eastern  Connaaght; 
and  all  were  descended  from  Fiachra  and  Brian,  the  sons  of  Eochy  Moyvane,  King  of 
Connaught,  before  mentioned.  By  these  the  old  ternary  divisions  of  the  Belgse  were 
long  preserved.     For  an  account  of  those  three  Milesian  tribes,  and  their  -  and 

possessions,  see  O'Connor's  Dissertations,  p.  283,  et  deinceps.  Among  the  most  dis- 
tinguished of  the  race  of  Brian  were  the  Muintir  MurchadAa,  or  0' Flaherties  (descended 
from  the  youngest  and  greatest  of  his  sons,  Duach  Galach,  King  of  Connaught).  whose 
principal  inheritance,  from  the  fifth  to  the  thirteenth  century,  was  the  level  and  fertile 
plain  of  Magk  Seola,  sometimes  called  Muintir  Murchadha.  and  now  the  barony  of 
Clare,  in  the  County  of  Galway.  See  the  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters,  A.  D.  959  and 
1034.  After  this  time,  the  O'Flaherties  possessed  themselves  of/ar  or  West  Con- 
naught, where  many  of  the  name  still  remain.  Besides  the  foregoing  great  divisions  of 
this  province,  there  were  others,  viz.,  loceap,  or  hirer  Connaught,  winch  comprised 
part  of  Mayo,  and  the  present  Count)''  of  Sligo;  and  uacrnp,  or  upper  Connaught,  the 
present  County  of  Galway.  These  distinctions  of  iochtar  and  uaehtar  were  afterwards 
adopted  by  the  Anglo-Norman  De  Burgos.  There  were  also  Titoisceart  and  Deisceart. 
or  northern  and  southern  Connaught ;  and  these  were  again  subdivided  into"  several 

districts. 


127 


districts,  possessed  by  the  leading  tribes.  Most  of  the  latter  divisions  were  abolished, 
and  some  created  baronies,  in  the  sixteenth  century,  when  the  province  was  divided 
into  counties ;  for  which  see  Appendix  I.  Of  these  districts,  perhaps  one  of  the  best 
known  at  the  present  day,  is  Iar,  or  West  Connaught,  which  has  been  so  well  described 
by  Roderic  O'Flaherty,  in  the  foregoing  treatise. 

So  little  has  been  published  respecting  the  former  state  and  affairs  of  Connaught, 
that  I  am  induced  to  insert  in  the  following  pages,  a  few  extracts  and  documents,  not 
hitherto  printed;  but  which  may  tend  to  illustrate  some  portions  of  its  early  history. 
To  many,  but  particularly  those  of  ancient  Irish  descent,  they  may  prove  novel  and 
interesting ;  and,  moreover,  may  be  found  useful  by  the  future  topographer  or  historian 
of  the  country.  They  have  been  introduced  in  accordance  with  one  of  the  primary 
objects  of  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society,  viz.,  to  rescue  original  historical  documents 
from  oblivion. 

In  a  preceding  paragraph,  p.  126,  allusion  has  been  made  to  Brian,  the  son  and  suc- 
cessor of  Eochy  Moyvane,  King  of  Connaught.  That  personage  is  recorded  to  have  had 
no  less  than  twenty-four  sons,  who  became  the  progenitors  of  the  principal  Scotic,  or 
Milesian  families  of  this  province.  Mac  Firbis,  in  his  account  of  the  Belgse,  or 
Firbolgs,  a  treatise  before  referred  to,  and  preserved  in  manuscript  in  the  Library  of 
the  Eoyal  Irish  Academy,  Dublin,  enumerates  those  sons  of  Brian,  and  the  tribes 
which  sprung  from  them,  as  follows  : 


"  Cecpe  mic  piceao  buoap  aj  6pian  .1. 
Gcean,  o  ccaib  cmel  n-Gcean  .1.  Ua 
5iapoa,  Ua  6U,  Ua  Caipleopac,  Ua 
Ruanuioen,  Ua  pionnucuin.  peapjup 
mac  6piam,  a  quo  cmel  Peapjupa  na- 
h-Gcc5e,.i.Uu6pian,u5upUu6pjacain, 
ajup  Ua  Conpece,  ujup  Ua  Caipioba, 
caoipi jChineoil  peapjupa.  Gpct)eapj 
o  ppuil  Cinel  Oeipj  la  Connacca,  ajup 
Ouppacc,  ajup  Cpiorhrunn,  ajup  Cael- 
Capna,  ajup  Gppe  (no  Gpille  a  quo 
Cuac  Gpille)  ajup  Qonjup,  a  quo  Cmel 
n-Qonjupa  o  ^jaillim  .1.  ui  Gllmupum 
cona  ppineabaib.  Ceneab,  6  cca  Cop- 
co  ceneab,  lp  ITIiiiceab,  a  quo  <  opco 
TDuiceao,  aguptDealj,  ajup  6iop,  ajup 
Cana,  6  ccaio  Ui  Canannan  in  Uairnib, 


"  Brian  had  twenty-four  sons,  viz.: 
Echen,  from  whom  descended  the  Kinel- 
n-Echen,  i.  e.  Ua  Biasta,  Ua  Bli,  Ua  Cais- 
leorach,  Ua  Ruanuidhen,  and  Ua  Fion- 
nucain.  Fergus,  from  whom  Kinel  Fer- 
gusa  of  Echtge,  i.  e.  Ua  Brain,  Ua  Bru- 
achain,  Ua  Conrethe,  and  Ua  Cairriodha, 
chiefs  of  Kinel  Fergusa.  Ere  Derg,  from 
whom  Kinel  Ere  Derg  in  Connaught.  Dur- 
thacht.  Criomthann.  Caol-Carna,  Esse  (or 
Esille,  from  whom  Tuath  Esille).  Aongus, 
from  whom  Kinel  n-Aongusa,  of  Gal- 
way,  i.  e.  the  O'Hallorans,  Avith  their 
branches.  Tenedh,  from  whom  Corco- 
Tenedh,  and  Muichead,  from  whom  Cor- 
co-Muichead.  Dealg.  Bior.  Cana.  from 
whom  the  O'Cananans  in  Uaithne.   Neach- 

tain. 


128 

ajup    Heaccain    6    eca  Op   Neaccain  tain,  from  whom  Tir  Neachtain.  with  their 

cona    ppineaoaib.      Cljup   oa  Caipbpe  collateral  branches.     Two  Carbrys,  viz.  : 

.l.Ccupbpe  Conpie,  &ia  z.z(x  6aippe  Cop-  Carbry  Conrith,  from  whom  is  descended 

caije  an  naorii,  ajup  Caipbpe  Qipcean,  St.  Barry  of  Cork;  and  Carbry  Aircheann, 

Oia  eeaio  Ui  6piuin  TCaca  la  h-iapiap  from  whom  the  Hy-Briuin  Eatha,  in  the 

Conacc.    Cpi  Conuill.i.  Conull  Oipipin  west  of  Connaught.     Three  ConaUs,  viz., 

6  ccaio  pip  UrhuiU,  ajup  Conall   ^lun  Conal  Oirisin,  from  whom  the  men  of  Umal- 

o  ccaib  U!  Tllannacain  .1.  raoipi^  nu  crpi  lia.  Conall  Glun.  from  whom  the  O'Mona- 

c-Cuac,  lp  Conall  Copcaine,  6  ccaio  Ui  bans,  i.e.  the  chieftains  of  the  three  Tuathas. 

TTIaoilDuib,   ajup  Cocuid,  6  zed  Cmel  Conall  Cortaine,  from  whom  UiMaoilduibh. 

n-Gacach,   ajup  Pe6limio  60I5,    ajup  Eochaidh,  from  whom  Kinel  n-Eachach. 

Gnna  Garhalach  a  quo  Cmel  n-Ganna,  Felemy  Bolg  and   Enna  Eamalach,  from 

ajup  Ouac  ^clac  perhpuice,  an  popap,  whom  Kinel  n-Eanna.  DuachGalach  a: 

6  ccuib  pio  jpaio  Rara  Cpuacan."  said,  the  youngest,  from  whom  the  ki: 

Rath  Cruachan  are  descend 
Book  of  Bally  mo!.-.  foL  54.  and  Ogyg.  p.  3  74. 

The  following  list  of  the  "  Christian"  kings  of  Connaught,  or  "  Rath  Cruac; 
was  compiled  by  Peter  O'Connell,  a  learned,  but  neglected  antiquary  of  the  last  cent 
from  various  ancient  authorities,  aided  by  the  collections  of  the  venerable  Charle> 
O'Conor.     It  is  here  printed  from  the  compiler's  autograph,  which  is  preserved  in  the 
Library  of  the  Eoyal  Irish  Academy: 

"  THE  CHRISTIAN  KINGS  OF  CONNAUGHT. 
"  Siopuna. 

"DOKIGHAIBH  CRISTA1DHE  CONNACTA. 

"1.  Amhalgaidh  Mac  Fiachrach,  Mic  Eochaidh  Maighmcdhoin.  &c.   20  bliadhain 
do,  go  ttorchair  lais  na  Deisibh  Breagh,  no  a  eug  iar  san  re  sin.     9. 

"  2.  Olioll  Molt  Mac  Daithi,   Mic  Fiachrach,  Mic  Eochaidh  Maighmhedhoin, 
19  mbliadna,  go  ttorchair  a  ccath  Ocha  la  Lughaid  Mac  Laoghaire,  la  Muirchearta 
Mac  Earca,  la  Feargas  Ceirbheoil  agas  la  Fiachraidh  (Mac  Caolbhaidh  I  >ail- 

Araidhe.     40. 

"3.  Duach  Galaclr4  Mac  Briain,   Mic  Eochaidh  Maighmcdhoin,  ic.  19  mblifl 

o-o    ttorchair   a  ccath   Seaghsa   la  Muircertach    Mc.  Earca.       Seajap  .1.   uon   c 

coipppleibcib.     Duach  Tenguma. — Se  do  thuit  a  ccath  S     a        X.  B. 

"  +.  Eoghan 

A  Vel  Tengumha,  as  in  Ballviuote.      Vide  Keating  in  the  reign  of  LugaiJ  Mac  Laoghaire. 


129 

"  4-  Eoghan  Beal  Mac  Ceallaigh,  Mic  Oiliolla  Muilt,  Mic  Daithi,  &c.  35  bliadna;  go 
ttorchair  a  ccath  Sligigh  la  Feargas  agas  la  Domnall,  da  mhac  Muircertaig  Mic  Earca, 
la  Hainmhire  Mac  Seadna,  agas  la  Ninnedh  Mac  Duach  Tengumha.     37. 

"  5.  Oilioll  an  Bhanna  Mac  Eoghain  Beal,  Mic  Ceallaigh,  Mic  Oiliolla  Muilt,  Mic 
Daithi,  Mic  Fiachrach,  &c.  9  mbliadna ;  go  ttorchair  a  ccath  Cuile  Conaire  a  Cearae, 
la  Fergas,  agas  la  Domnall,  da  mhac  Muircertaigh  Mic  Earca.     1 1 . 

"  Aodh  Fiontain,  the  brother  of  Oilioll  an  Bhanna,  was  slain  together  with 
Olioll  an  Bhanna  himself,  in  the  battle  of  Seghas.  So  in  the  copy  or  roll 
from  Ballymote. 

"  Fearghas  Mac  Muiredaigh  Mail,  Mic  Eoghain  Sreimh,  Mic  Duach  Galaigh,  Mic 
Briain,  Mic  Eochaidh  Muighmedhoin.  7.  No  more  of  him,  nor  is  he  set  down  at  all 
as  king  in  (the  Book  of)  Ballymote. 

"  6.  Duach  Teangumha,  Mac  Ferghais,  Mic  Muiredaigh  Mail,  Mic  Eoghain  Sreimh, 
Mic  Duach  Galaigh,  Mic  Briain,  Mic  Eochaidh  Muighmedoin,  &c.  7  mbliadhna  do  go 
ttorchair  la  Heochaidh  Tirmcharna,  a  bhrathair.  7.  Thus  both  copies.  An  error, 
but  the  copy  from  Ballymote  adds,  or  as  others  will  have  it,  he  was  slain  in  the 
battle  of  Seaghas  by  Muirccartach  Mac  Earca.  The  battle  of  Seaghais  was  fought 
A.  D.  530. — O'Conor. 

"  7.  Eochaidh  Tirmcharna  Mac  Ferghasa,  Mic  Muiredaigh  Mail,  Mic  Eoghain 
Sreimh,  Mic  Duach  Galaigh,  Mic  Briain,  &c.     Aon  bhliadhain  agas  eug  ad  bath.    1. 

"  8.  Aodh  Mac  Eochaidh  Tiormcharna,  Mic  Fergusa,  Mic  Muiredaigh  Mail,  Mic 
Eoghain  Sreimh,  Mic  Duach  Galaigh,  25  bliadna,  agas  Ui  Briuin  ros  rnharbh  a  ccath 
Binne  Bugha,  no  Binne  Baghna.  5*". 

"  9.  Maol  Catha  Mac  Fogartaigh,  Mic  Cathail,  Muiredaig  Mail,  Mic  Eoghain 
Sreimh,  Mic  Duach  Galaigh,  Mic  Briain.  7  mbliadna  do. 

"  10.  Aodh,  the  brother  of  Maol  Catha,  after  a  Reign  of  7  years,  was  slain  by 
Uadha,  son  of  Aodh. 

"11.  Uadha  Mac  Aodha,  Mic  Eochaidh  Tirmcharna,  Mic  Ferghasa,  Mic  Muiredaigh 
Mail,  Mic  Eoghain  Sreimh,  Mic  Duach  Galaigh,  &c.  9  mbliadna. 

"  12.  Colman  Mac  Cobthaigh,  Mic  Goibhnionn,  Mic  Conaill,  Mic  Eoghain,  Mic 
Eochaidh  Brie,  Mic  Daithi,  Mic  Fiachrach,  &c.  2 1  bliadna ;  go  ttorchair  la  Raghallach 
Mac  Uadhach,  a  ccath  bhinn  Gubha.  2 1 . 

"13. 

Fought  A.  D.  565 C.  O'Conor.  This  and  the  two  following  Kings  are  copied  in 

f  "  5.  in  Ballymote.      The    25   inserted  are       from  the  list   from  Ballymote,   being  left  out  in 
from    O'Conor 's  copies,    by    his  own  authority.       the  other  copy." 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5.  S 


i3o 

»  13.  Raghallach  Mac  Uadhach,  Mic  Aodha,  Mic  Eochaidh  Tirmcharna.  Mic  F-.r- 
ghasa,  Mic  Muiredaigh  Mail,   &c.    25  bliadna;  go  ttorchair  la  Corca  Culla,  ag 
Diarmaid  Mac  Aodha  Slaine  [a  ccath  Conaill,  is  the  only  difference  between  the  two 

Rolls].  25- 

"  14.  LaighneanS  Mac  Colmain,  Mic  Cobthaigh,  Mic  Gobbhnionn,  Mic  Conadl, 
Mic  Eoghain,  Mic  Eochaidh  Bhric,  Mic  Daithi,   Mic  Fiachrach,  &c  7  mbliadna. 
ttorchair  iaramh.  7.     He  died  by  eating  herbs.     Thus  from  Ballymote. 

«  1 5    Guaire  Aidhne  Mac  Colmain,  Mic  Cobthaigh,  Mic  Goibhmond,  Mic  Conaill, 
Mic  Eoghain,  Mic  Eochaidh  Brie,   Mic  Daithi,  Mic  Fiachrach,  fee,    3°  *******  *», 

agas  a  eug.     8.  .      

«  Donnchadh  Mac  Ceallaigh,  after  a  reign  of  20  years,  was  slain  by  a  cast 

of  a  javelin.     The  copy  from  Ballymote,  in  which  alone  I  find  this  man, 

places  him  in  this  order. 

«  ,6    Ceann  Faolaidh  Mac  Colgan,  Mic  Aodha",  Mic  Seanaigh,  Mic  Duagh  Tean- 

gumha  Mic  Feargasa,   Mic  Muiredaigh  Mail,  Mic  Eoghain   Sreimh,    Mic  Duach  Ga- 

laigh,  &c.    35  bliadna  do;  agas  Ceallach  Mac  Adhamlinan;  i.  Righ  Conmhaicne,  da 

mhar'bhadh,  no  Donnchadh  Mac  Ceallaigh  ros  marbh.    32. 

"Cathal    Mac    RaghaUaigh,    Mic    Uadach,    Mic    Aodha,     Mic    Eochaidh 

Tirmcharna,  Mic  Feargasa,  Mic  Muiredaigh  Mail.  Mic  Eoghain  Sreimh, 

Mic  Duach  Galaigh,  7  mbliadna,  agas  eug  ad  bath  iaramh.     The  folio 

copy  alone  gives  this  man,  and  in  this  order  it  gives  him.    Qu*re  a' 

him.     Ragallach  had  Feargas,  Cathal,  and  Ceallach. 

«  i7    Donnchadh  Muirescc',   Mac  Maoil-Doibh,    Mic   Tiobraide,   Mic   Fiachaidh 

EaWidh,  Mic  Daithi,  Mic  Fiachraidh,  Mic  Eochaidh  Maighmhedhoin,  Ac.  4  bhadhn.; 

go  ttorchair  a  ccath  Corainn,  agas  Feargas  Mac  Mail.  Righ  Chined  Gurbre,  la  Ullach 

Mac  Rasallaigh.     3. 

«  This  King's  pedigree  must  be  defective,  wherefore  O'Conor  does  no*  set 

down  his  father. 
«i8    Ceallach  Mac  Ragallaigh,  Mic  Uadhach.    Mk    lodha,    Mic  Eochmdh    I 
charna,  Mic  Fergasa,  Mic  Muiredaigh  Mail,  Mic  Eoghain  Sreimh,  Mic  Duach  Gab. 
&c.  7  mbliadna  do,  &  a  cugiardain.      1  2. 

*   «  Lairgnean  potius,  as  in  the  folio."  m.c  NaiCl,  ;c 

k   «  This  Aodh  is  not  in  the  folio  copy  ;  but  in  ■<  Thus  from  Balhtn.-tc.      Qu.ere  , 

Ballymote  I  find  him."  'tis  afterwards  repeated,  the'  I  follow  the  P* 

.  «  Oonncao.    muip.     mac    Cobpa.Oe,  gree   of  Donnead  Muires.   as   1   found   *  ,n  the 

m.c  mao.l  ouib,   mic    F'°ca,6  ealScn6,  folio  copy. 


l31 

"  19.  Feargal  Aidhne  Mac  Artghaile,  Mic  Guaire,  Mic  Colmain,  Mic  Cobthaigh, 
Mic  Goibhnionn,  Mic  Conaill,  Mic  Eoghain,  Mic  Eochaidh  Bhric,  Mic  Daithi,  Mic 
Fiachraidh,  &c.  7  mbliadna  do,  agas  eug  ad  bath.     17. 

"  20.  Muiredach  Muillethan  Mac  Fergasa,  Mic  Raghallaigh,  Mic  Uadhach,  Mic 
Aodha,  Mic  Eochaidh  Tirmcharna,  Mic  Fergasa,  Mic  Muiredaigh  Mail,  &c.  27  mbliadna 
do,  agas  a  eug.     7. 

"  Here  the  folio  copy  ends. 

"  zi.  Inreactach  Mac  Donnchadha  Muiriscc,  Mic  Maoil-Duibh,  Mic  Tibraide,  Mic 
Fiachaidh  Ealgaidh,  Mic  Daithi,  Mic  Fiachraidh,  &c.  2  bhliadhain  do,  agas  Fergal 
Mac  Loingsigh,  righ  Chineil  Conaill,  agas  Maol  Mai,  righ  Chineil  Eoghain  ros  marbh. 
Maol  Mall  after  O'Flanagan  from  Ballymote. 

"  22.  Cathal  Mac  Muiredaigh  Muillethain,  Mic  Fergasa,  Mic  Raghallaig,  Mic 
Uadhach,  &c.    7  mbliadna,  agas  a  eug  a  n-ord  Crabhaidh. 

"  23.  Donnall  Mac  Cellaigh,  Mic  Eaghallaigh,  Mic  Uadhach,  Mic  Aodha,  Mic 
Eochaid  Tirmcharna,  &c.  7  mbliadna  do,  agas  a  eug. 

"24.  Inreactach  Mac  Muiredaigh  Muillethain,  Mic  Fergasa,  Mic  Eagallaig,  Mic 
Uadhach,  &c.   10  mbliadna  do,  agas  a  eug. 

"  25.  Aodh  Balbh  Mac  Inrectaigh,  Mic  Muiredaig  Muillethain,  Mic  Fergasa,  Mic 
Ragallaigh,  &c.  7  mbliadna  do,  agas  a  eug. 

"  26.  Fergas  Rod  Mac  Cellaigh,  Mic  Ragallaigh,  Mic  Uadhach,  &c.  3  bliadna  do, 
agas  a  eug.  Thus  Ballymote  gives  this  King's  pedigree.  O'Conor  only  calls  him 
Fergus  son  of  Kellach. 

"  27.  Oilioll  Medhraidhe  Mac  Inrectaig,  Mic  Donnchada  Muirisce,  Mic  Maoil- 
Duibh,  Mic  Tiobraide,  Mic  Fiachaidh  Ealgaid,  Mic  Daithi,  6  bliadna ;  and  died  of  a 
wound  he  received  in  battle  against  Bressal  son  of  Murchadh,  in  which  Bressal  was 
defeated. 

"  28.  Duibhinreactach  Mac  Cathail,  Mic  Muiredaig  Muillethain,  Mic  Fergais,  Mic 
Ragallaig,  &c.  5  bliadna  do,  and  died  of  the  Bloody  Flux. 

"  29.  Donnchathach  Mac  Cathail,  Mic  Oliolla  Medraidhe,  Mic  Inrectaig ;  5 
bliadna,  agas  a  eug.  Ballymote.  Query  whether  Cathal  should  be  in  this  King's 
Pedigree. 

"  30.  Flaithri  Mac  Domnaill,  Mic  Ceallaigh,  Mac  Ragallaigh,  Mic  Uadhach ;  5 
mbliadna  do,  agas  a  eug. 

"31.  Another  Flaithri O'Conor.  I  don't  find  him  in  the  copy  from  Bally- 
mote. 

"  32.  Artghal  Mac  Cathail,  Mic  Muiredaigh  Muillethain,  Mic  Fergais,  &c.  4 
bliadna  do ;  agas  a  eug,  a  Naoi  Cholaim  Chille,  a  n-ord  chrabhaid. 

S  2  "33 


132 

"  33.  Muirgheasi  Mac  Tamaltaig,  Mic  Murgaile,  Mic  Lnreactaigh,  llic  Muiredaigh 
Muillethain,  &c  30  mbliadna,  agas  a  eug. 

"  34.  Tiobraide  Mac  Taidg,  5  bliadna  do;  agas  a  eug.  Thus  Mr.  O'Conor  calls 
this  King,  whose  authority  weighs  more  with  me  than  the  copy  from  Ballymote, 
which  calls  him  Tibrady  son  of  Murgeas.  I  know  no  more  about  him.  Mr.  O'Conor 
places  Tibrady  first,  and  Muirgeas  last  here,  who  knew  best. 

"  35.  Diarmaid  Mac  Tomaltaigh,  Mic  Murgaile,  Mic  lnreactaigh,  Mic  Muired    . 
Muillethain,  &c.   1 8  mbliadna,  agas  a  eug. 

"  36.  Cathal  Mac  Muirgheasa,   Mic  Tomaltaigh,  Mic  Murgaile,  Mi-  for 
&c.    1 7  mbliadna,  agas  a  eug. 

"  37.  Murchadh  Mac  Aodha,    1 1  bhliadna,  agas  a  eug. 

"  38.  Feargas  Mac  Fathadh,  4  bliadna,  agas  a  eug.  Quere.  of  what  race  were  these 
two  Kings,  viz.,  37  and  38. 

"  39.  Fionnacta  Luibhne  no  Luimhne  Mac  Tomaltaigh,  Mic  Murgaile.  Mic  In- 
rectaigh,  Mic  Muiredaigh  Muillethan,  &c.  deag  a  n-ord  chrabhaidh,  ar  ttregion  an 
shaoghail  do,  A.  D.  846.     Thus  Mr.  O'Conor,  upon  whose  authority  alone   I   ini 

this  King. 

"  40.  Conchabhar  Mac  Taidg,  Mic  Muirghesa,  Mic  Tomaltaigh,  fcc.    30  mblia 
do,  agas  a  eug.     Mughron  a  ccomhflaitheas  ris  27  mbliadna,     _ 

leth  Connact. 

"  41.  Aodh  Mac  Conchair,  Mic  Taidg.  Mic  Muirghesa,  Mic  Tomaltaig.  6  bliadna 
do,  agas  a  eug.  He  fought  under  Flann,  monarch  of  Ireland,  and  was  killed  in  bftttk 
against  the  Danes,  A.  D.  885.     (O'Conor.) 

"42.  Tadg  Mac  Conchabhair,  Mic  Taidg.  Mic  Muirgesa,  Mi  romaltaig,  22  bli- 
adna, agas  bas  anabaidh  ros  fuair. 

«  43.  Cathal  Mac  Conchabhair,  Mic  Taidg,  Mic  Muirg  sa,  M  r«  maltaig,  &c  21 
bliadna,  agas  bas  anabaidh  ros  tug. 

"44.  Tadg  an   Tuir  Mac  Cathail,  Mic  Conchabhair.   Mic  Taidg,    Mic   Muii£   - 
Mic  Tomaltaig,  &c.  3obliadain,  agas  bas  anabaidh  ros  tug. 

»  45.  Senf hearghal  .i.  Senfergal  ua  Euairc,  Mac  Ain.  Mic  Ruairc,  Mic  Tighernain. 
Mic  Sealachain,    Mic  Cearnachain,  Mic  [  ],    ">  mbliadna  do, 

agas  Domnall  Mac  Conghalaigh  Righ  Breagh  da  mharbhadh. 

J  "  Quaere,  whether  this  Muirges  had  a  son  TTIupjaile,     mic    lnpeccai5,    mic    ITIui- 

called  Muiredach  Maighe  Haoi,  that  had  a  claim  pe5cil£  ITluiUeram.  "C.  set  down  for  Mui- 

to  the  government,  for  in  the  folio  copy  I  find,  redach  Muillethan.      I  don"t  find   him  anj  where 

after  FergalAidhne,  muipeOacTTlaije  haoi,  else;   and  there  h     §     5  27       .irs   reign.'" 
mac  muip^eapa,   mic  Uomalcui^,  mic 


^3 

"  46.  Conchabhar  Mic  Taidg  an  Tuir,  Mic  Cathail,  Mic  Conchabhair,  Mic  Taidg, 
5  bliadna  do,  agas  a  eug. 

"47.  Cathal  Mac  Taidg  an  Tuir,  Mic  Cathail,  Mic  Conchabhair,  Mic  Taidg,  &c. 
Tri  laithe  do,  agas  a  mharbhad  a  ccath  Ceise  Corainn,  la  Murchadh  Ua  Flathbertaigh, 
Eigh  Kineil  Eoghain.     (Thus  O'Conor.) 

"  48.  Cathal  Mac  Concabhair,  Mic  Taidg  an  Tuir,  Mic  Cathail,  Mic  Concabhair, 
30  bliadhain  do,  agas  a  dhul  a  nord  crabhaidh,  agas  a  eug  da  bliadhain  na  dhiaidh. 

"  49.  Art  Oirnidhe  Mac  Aodha,  Mic  Senfherghail  Ui  Euairc,  &c.  15  bliadna, 
agas  a  mharbhadh  la  Kineal  Conaill  Golban.  N.  B.  Art  O'Euirc  was  living  A.  D. 
102 1,  and  entered  that  year  the  province  of  Connaught,  together  with  Malachy 
O'Neill  and  Donagh  son  of  Brien,  &c,  and  caused  the  hostages  of  that  province  to  be 
given  to  Malachy.     Annals  Inisfal.     This  king  is  not  universally  allowed. 

"  50.  Tadg  an  eichghil  Mac  Cathail,  Mic  Concabhair,  Mic  Taidg  an  Tuir,  &c  20 
bliadain  do,  agas  a  mharbhad  la  Malsechlainn  O'Mal  Euanaidh.  N.  B.  Tadg  com- 
manded the  forces  of  Connaught  at  the  battle  of  Clontarf,  A.  D.  1014;  and  is  stiled 
King  of  Connaught.  Supposing  this  year  to  be  the  first  of  his  reign,  he  must  have 
been  36  years  king  when  his  son  Aodh  succeeded  him.     An.  Inisfallen. 

"51.  Aodh  an  Ghai-bhernaigh,  Mac  Taidg  an  eich-ghil,  Mic  Cathail,  &c.  17  mbli- 
■adna  ag  dreim  ris  righe  do  chosnadh,  gor  marbhadh  e  a  ccath  Turlaigh  Enaigh  (san 
Ccorann)  la  h-Aodh  Mac  Airt  Oirnidhe  Ui  Euairc. 

"  52.  Aodh  Mac  Airt  Oirnidhe  Ui  Euairc,  37  mbliadna,  agas  a  mharbhadh  a 
ccath  Anachla,  la  Euidhri  na  Soighe  buidhe.  Mac  Aodha  an  ghaoi-bernaigh  Ui  Chon- 
chabhair.  N.  B.  Conachail  is  near  Bealan  atha  fada  in  Corann.  He  reigned  but  20 
years,  according  to  the  Annals  of  Inisfallen. 

"53.  Euaidri  na  Soighe  buidhe  Mac  Aodha  an  ghaoi-bheruaigh,  4  bliadna  do, 
agas  a  shuile  do  bhuain  as  la  Flaithbertach  Ua  Flaithbertaigh,  Eigh  Iarthair  Connact. 
[Iar-Connaught]. 

"  54.  Do  ghabh  Flaithbertach  ua  flaitlibertaigh  an  Eighe  Mi  do,  gor  ros  marbh 
Siol  Muireadaig  a  ndioghail  Euaidri  na  soighe  buidhe  a  ccionn  an  resin. 

"55.  Domnall  Mac  Tigernain,  Mic  Ualghairg,  Mic  Neill,  Mic  Airt  Oirdnide,  Mic 
Aodha,  mic  Senfherghail  ui  Euairc,  &c.  3  bliadna  do,  agas  a  mharbhadh  la  Muintir 
Eolais.     This  was  the  third  indisputable  King  of  Connaught  of  the  name  of  O'Euairc. 

"  56.  Domnall  Mac  Euaidri  ne  Soidhe  buidhe  (agas  an  Mac  ba  sine  lais)  4  bliadna 
do,  agas  kMuircertach  Ua  Briain,  Eigh  Erionn  go  ffreasabhra,  a  ccenn  an  re  sin  da 

inorbadh, 

k  "  Muirchertach  Mac  Toirdhelbaig  Mic  Taidg       Lachlaind  ruled  in  the  north.      The  one  ruled  in 
ruled   in  the  south;   Domnall  Mac  Ardgail,   Mic       Leith  Moghe,  the  other  in  Leth  Cuinn." 


34 


inorbadh,  agas  og  gairm  righ  Connact  do  Thoirdhelbhach  Mhor  Mac  Ruaidri  na  Sk  g 
buidhe,  da  bhrathair  a  naois  a  chuig  mbliadan  deag. 

«  57.  Toirdhelbhach  Mor  Mac  Ruaidri  na  Soighe  Buidhe,  fee.  47  bhadna  na  ngfa 
Connact  agas  Erionn  agas  a  eug  a  n-Dun  Mor. 

»  c8  Ruaidhri  Mac  Toirdelbhaigh  Mhoir.  Is  an  i4amhadh  bliadam  do  fhutheas 
an  Ruaidhri  so  os  Connact,  agas  is  an  4amhad  bliadain  da  f  hlaitheas  os  Erinn,  mn 
mbliadhain  1 169.  tangadar  na  ceadgoill  shexancha  go  h-Enum"-^,.  MS. 

No  list  of  the  kings  of  Connaught  has,  until  now,  been  published.     The  1 
is  inserted,  as  the  most  complete,  so  far  as  it  extends,  that  the  Editor  has  met  with 

But  the  future  historian  may  find  it  necessary  to  subject  it  to  c! ^mnrtu  .;  and 

m  so  doing,  he  will  be  aided  by  the  labours  of  the   late  Doctor  O  Conor,  m 
Rerum  Hibernicarum  Scriptores,  and  the  various  authorities  there  referred 
catalogue  of  the  Irish  provincial  kings,  continued  after  the-  Anglo-V-rman  inva. 
will  be  found  in  O'Ferrall's  Book  of  Pedigrees,  preBerved  in  the  Office  of  Arms,  Dut 

THE  ANCIENT  REGAL  FAMILY  OF  O'CONOR  OF  CONNAUGHT. 

The  following  genealogical  and  hitherto  unpublished  account  of  1 1 
compiled  by  the  venerable  Charles  O'Conor,  has  been  communicated  by  the  emptier 
grandson,  the  late  Matthew  O'Conor,  Esq.,  to  the  Editor. 

«  Achay  Moymedon  (Eochy  Moyvanc).  who  died  king  of  Irela:  $«H  bri 

several  sons.     The  principal  were  Brian.  Fiacra,  and  NialL  from  whom  deecended 
mU  es  of  Hy-Brune,  Hy-Fiacra,  and  Hy-NialL     From   the  fourth  to  the  thirn 
centurj    this  race  o    Achay  Moymedon  was  the   most  powerful  xn  the  kmgdom. 
2  ing  'that  whole  period  Z  Hy-Brune  had  vast  patrimonial  domains  in  Connaugh, 
and  generally  had  the  suffrages  of  the  provincial  states  in  the  electtons  of  provmetal 

^^ir  IT^rune  family  subdivided  into  several  branch,,  th.  rful 

.ranch  was  distinguished  by  the  particular  name  of  Clan  Murray  (ot  5 

Murray),  from  Murryach  Mullethan.  who  died  King  of  Connaught   A.  D.  ,02.    I 
LJI  century,  Teige.chtef  of  the  Clan  Murray  race  (and  King  oi  *--£££ 
030)  took  the  sirname  of  O'Conor,   and  that  sirname  has  continued  in  the  fcnulj 


ever  since. 


^Tn^he  twelfth  century  the  0' Conors  became  very  powerful  in  Ireland;  from 
being  provincial  Kings  of  Connaught.  they  aspired  to  the  throne  of  the ^kingdom  .and 
seeded.  In  „S6  Torlagh  the  Great  had  sufficient  influence  to  get  *-^ec£ 
Kin,  of  Ireland  by  a  majority  of  the  states.    History  gtves  him  a  great  character.    He 

reigri^rSetS"  oftioghtheG^  andfrom  being  King  of  Con 


naught. 


l35 

naught,  was  elected  King  of  Ireland,  A.  D.  1166.  In  his  reign  the  kingdom  was  in- 
vaded by  Henry  II.  King  of  England.  Koderick,  deserted  by  most  of  the  provinces,  was 
finally,  in  1 1 75,  obliged  to  enter  into  a  convention  with  the  King  of  England,  wherein  he 
yielded  to  become  that  monarch's  vassal  for  the  province  of  Connaught  alone.  Thus 
ended  the  Irish  monarchy. 

"  From  Cathal  Crovedarg,  the  younger  son  of  Torlogh  the  Great,  descended  the 
most  powerful  branch  of  the  0' Conor  family,  as  the  succession  of  their  history  in  the 
annals  of  the  thirteenth,  fourteenth,  fifteenth,  and  sixteenth  centuries  amply  testifies. 
From  that  Cathal  Crovedarg,  who  died  King  of  Connaught  in  1 224,  is  descended,  in  the 
sixteenth  generation,  Brigadier  Thomas  O'Conor,  for  whom  we  have  drawn  up  the 
following  genealogy. 

"  We  have  drawn  out  this  genealogy  from  the  most  authentic  materials  in  the 
archives  of  Ireland,  and  from  the  antient  annals,  as  well  as  modern  documents,  now 
preserved  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  To  this  noble  repository  of 
antiquities  we  had  daily  access  thro'  the  indulgence  of  Dr.  Thomas  Leland,  the  present 
librarian,  and  one  of  the  Senior  Fellows  of  the  University.  The  accounts  in  the  Herald's 
Office  in  the  Castle  of  Dublin  could  not  be  guides  to  us  in  the  following  genealogy ; 
as  they  do  not  reach  farther  back  than  the  12  th  century.  The  later  accounts  in  that 
office  are  only  taken  from  the  originals  that  we  have  perused. 

"  Having  premised  thus  much,  we  now  proceed  to  our  genealogical  line  from  Achay 
Moymedon  to  the  Brigadier  Thomas  O'Conor,  marking  as  we  go  along  the  principal 
evolutions  in  power  and  prosperity.  C.  O'Conor. 

"  Hy  Brune. 
"  1.  Achay  Moymedon,  King  of  Connaught,  was  elected  King  of  Ireland  A.  D.  358, 

and  died  A.  D.  366. 
"  2.  Brian,  the  common  father  of  the  Hy-Brune  race,  and  Prince  of  Connaught,  died 

A.D.  397. 
"  3.  Duach  Galach,  Prince  of  Conaught,  died  438. 
"  4.  Eogan  Sreve,  Prince  of  Connaught,  died  463. 
"  5.  Murryach  Mai,  Prince  of  Connaught,  died  489. 
"  6.  Fergus,  Prince  of  Connaught,  died  517. 
"  7.  Eochy  Tirmcarna,  Prince  of  Connaught,  died  543. 
"  8.  Aodh,  Prince  of  Connaught,  was  elected  King  of  Connaught  by  the  states  in 

556,  and  died  in  the  battle  of  Benbow,  A.  D.  577. 
"  9.  Uada,  King  of  Connaught,  597. 
"  10.  Reilly,  King  of  Connaught,  645. 
"11.  Fergus,  Prince  of  Connaught,  654. 

"  Clan 


i36 

"  Clan  Murray. 

"  12.  Murryach  Mullethan  was  elected  King  of  Conaught  A.  D.  696,  and  died  A.  D. 
702.  From  him  the  principal  Hy-Brune  branch  took  the  name  of  Clan- 
Murray,  otherwise  Siol-Murray. 

"  13.  Inrachtach,  died  King  of  Connaught,  723. 

"14.  Murgaly,  Prince  of  Connaught,  751. 

"15.  Tomaltach,  Prince  of  Connaught,  774. 

"  16.  Murglas,  died  King  of  Connaught,  813. 

"  17.  Teig,  Prince  of  Connaught,  died  841. 

"  18.  Concovar,  King  of  Connaught,  879. 

"  19.  Cathal,  Prince  of  Connaught,  925. 

"  20.  Teige  of  the  Tower,  King  of  Connaught,  died  A.  D.  956. 

"21.  Concovar  (otherwise  Conor),  973. 

"22.  Cathal,  10 10. 

"  O'CONOR. 

-23.  Teige  (of  the  white  steed),  died  King  of  Connaught,  1030.     Be  1  first 

who  took  the  surname  of  O'Conor. 
"  24.  Aodh  (of  the  broken  spear),  died  King  of  Connaught,  1067. 
"  25.  Roderick  (of  the  yellow  hound),  1 1 18. 
«  26.  Torlogh  the  Great,  King  of  Connaught,  and  elected  King  of  Ireland  1 136.  died 

1 156. 
«  27.  Cathal  Crovedarg,  elected  King  of  Connaught,  over  which  he  reigned  wr 

reputation  33  years.     He  died  A.  D.  1 224. 
"  28.  Aodh  died,  King  of  Connaught,  1228. 

<«  29.  Roderick,  Prince  of  Connaught,  was  drowned  in  the  Shannon,  1244. 
"  30.  Eogan  (of  the  palace),  King  of  Connaught,  1274. 

«  3!    Aodh,  King  of  Connaught,  1309.      After  the  battle  of  Athenry   in  1317.  the 
provincial  power  of  the  O'Conors  in  Connaught  was  much  reduced,  the 
English  having  wrested  near  one-half  of  the  province  out   of  their  juris- 
diction. ,  1 .    -     -1  1 
«  32.  Turlogh,  King  of  Connaught ;  he  was  called  Torlogh  Don,  and  his  famdy  took 

from  him  the  surname  of  O'Conor  Don,  1345. 
"  33.  Aodh,  King  of  Connaught,  1356. 
"  34.  Torlogh  Og,  King  of  Connaught,  1406. 
«  35.  Fedhm  Geancach  (Prince  of  the  Plains  of  Connaught),  killed  in  a  skirmish 

treacherously,  1474- 
»  76.  Eoo-an  Caoch  (Prince  of  the  Plains  of  Connaught),  1485. 

i  u  3-_ 


lZ7 

"  37.  Carbry  (Prince  of  the  Plains,  &c),  1548. 

"  38.  Dermod  (Prince  of  the  Plains),  died  in  his  castle  of  Ballintobber.    He  married 

the  daughter  of  Torlogh  Koe  O'Conor,  otherwise  O'Conor  Eoe,  1585. 
"  39.  Aodh  (Prince  of  the  Plains  of  Connaught),  who  compounded  for  his  country 
of  the  Plains  with  Queen  Elizabeth's  Lord  Deputy,  Sir  John  Perrot,  died  1627. 
"  40.  Hugh  Og  of  Castlerea,  Commissioner  for  the  province  of  Connaught  in  the 
Council  of  Kilkenny,  A.  D.  1642,  died  1655." 

"  From  this  Hugh  Og  descended  Thomas  O'Conor,  Esq.,  an  officer  of  great  repute  in 
the  service  of  His  Most  Christian  Majesty." — See  Dissertations  on  the  History  of  Ire- 
land, p.  282. 

"  The  Hy-Brune,  or  Clan  Murray  O'Conors,  were  descended  from  Teig,  who 
first  took  that  surname,  and  governed  the  province  of  Connaught  in  the  year  1030; 
and  from  him,  in  the  fifth  generation,  descended  Eoderic  O'Conor,  King  of  Connaught 
in  the  year  1 157,  and  elected  King  of  all  Ireland  in  the  year  1 166,  on  the  death  of  his 
predecessor  Murkertach  O'Laghlin,  in  the  battle  of  Literluin. 

"  In  the  year  1 175,  Roderic  yielded  to  such  terms  as  Henry  II.,  King  of  England, 
proposed  to  him.  In  11 86  he  resigned  the  provincial  government  of  Connaught, 
which,  after  many  contests,  devolved  finally  on  Cathal  Crove-darg,  Roderic's  youngest 
brother. 

"  From  this  Cathal  Crove-darg,  who  died  in  the  year  1224,  descended  the  O'Co- 
nors of  Ballintobber,  otherwise  the  O'Conors  Don.  Hugh  O'Conor,  the  chief  of  this 
name,  in  1586,  submitted  to  Queen  Elizabeth's  Government,  and  the  composition 
between  him  and  the  Queen's  Lord  Deputy,  Sir  John  Perrot,  is  still  preserved  in  the 
Rolls  Office  in  Dublin. 

"  This  Hugh  O'Conor  Don,  of  Ballintobber,  gave  the  lands  and  castle  of  Belana- 
gare,  with  other  estates,  to  his  third  son,  Cathal  Og,  otherwise  Charles  O'Conor,  who 
died  on  the  ninth  of  February,  i6"3[  ].  And  these  estates  were  confirmed  to  Major 
Owen  O'Conor,  the  said  Charles's  eldest  son,  in  the  Act  of  Settlement  made  in  Ireland, 
soon  after  the  Restoration  of  King  Charles  II. 

"  Major  Owen  O'Conor  died  without  issue  male  in  1688.  The  confusions  which 
followed  subjected  his  estate  to  a  dismemberment,  on  account  of  the  forfeiture  of  one 
of  his  co-heirs.  What  remained,  being  two-thirds,  devolved  on  his  nephew,  Denis 
O'Conor,  who  died  at  his  house  in  Belanagare,  February  1,  1750. 

"  To  him  succeeded  Charles  O'Conor  of  Belanagare,  still  alive,  and  for  him  we  have 
drawn  up  the  following  genealogical  line,  down  from  the  time  of  Cathal  Crove-darg 
O'Conor  abovementioned : 
"  1.  Cathal  Crove-darg  O'Conor  died  in  the  abbey  of  Knockmoy,  A.  D.  1224. 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.  15.  T  "  2. 


»38 

2.  Hugh,  his  son,  succeeded  to  the  government  of  the  Irish  province  in  Connaught 
[namely,  the  countries  yielded  by  the  English  monarchs  to  the  O'Conor-. 
a  government,  independent  of  that  established  in  favour  of  the  first  English 
adventurers].     This  Hugh  was  killed  in  the  court  of  Jeffrey  Marsh,  Lord 
Justice  of  Ireland,  A.  D.  1228. 

'  3.  Roderic,  Hugh's  son. 

'  4.  Eogan,  Roderic's  son,  succeeded  to  the  government  of  the  Irish  of  Connaught  for 
three  months,  and  was  murdered  in  the  monastery  of  the  Fryers  Prodi 
in  Roscommon,  A.  D.  1274. 

'  5.  Hugh,  Eogan's  son,  succeeded  governor  of  the  Irish  of  Connaught,  and  was  killed 
by  his  own  kindred,  A.  D.  1 309,  at  Kell-an  Clochan  in  Breffiny. 

'  6.  Torlagh,  Hugh's  son,  obtained  the  government  of  the  Irish  province  in  C 
naught,  and  was  killed  at  Fiodh-Doruda  in  Munter  Eolus,  A.  1).  1345. 

'  7.  Hugh,  Torlagh's  son,  obtained  the  government  of  the  Irish  province  of  his  an- 
cestors; was  deposed  A.  D.  1350,  and  murdered  in  Baly-loch-Decar.  by 
Donagh  O'Kelly,  the  chieftain  of  Hy-Many,  A.  D.  1356. 

'  8.  Turlogh  Og,  Hugh's  son,  obtained  the  provincial  government  of  his 
and  was  killed  in  Clanconrey,  A.  D.  1406. 

'  9.  Feidlim  Geancach,  a  minor  when  his  father  died,  succeeded  in  his  advanced 

to  the  patrimonial  possessions  of  his  father,  and  lived  in  the  1  B*l- 

lintobber.      He  was  killed  in  a  skirmish  with  the  O'Kellys  of  By-Mi 

A.  D.  1474. 

10.  Eogan  Caoch,  Feidlim's  son,  died,  chief  of  his  name,  at  Ballintobber.      Edania, 

the  daughter  of  Daniel  O'Conor  of  Sligo,  his  wife,  died  in  1476.  and  he  died 
himself  A.  D.  1485. 

11.  Carbre,  the  son  of  Eogan  Caoch  and  Edamia,  died  in  his  castle  of  Ballint..: 

A.  D.  1546.     He  married  Dervorgilla,  the  daughter  of  Feidlim  Fin:.  «  « 
nor,  his  own  kinswoman. 

12.  Dermod,  the  son  of  Carbre  and  Dervorgilla,  succeeded  t.>  th<  .llin- 

tobber;  married  Dorothy,  the  daughter  of  Teig  boy  O'Conor  Roe,  and  died 
at  Ballintobber,  A.  D. :  he  lived  in  1585. 

13.  Hugh,  the  son  of  Dermod  and  Dorothy  O'Conor,  married  Mary  O'Kuark. 

daughter  of  Bryan  na  Murrtha  O'Ruark  (who  was  executed  in  London  in 
1590).  He  compounded  with  the  Queen's  Lord  Deputy,  Perr-.t.  lor  his 
patrimonial  estates,  and  died  in  his  castle  of  Ballintobber,  A.  I>.  162-. 

14.  CathalOg,  otherwise  Charles,  the  third  son  of  Hugh  and  Mary  O'Ruark. 

tained  the  castle  and  estate  of  Belanagare  from  his  lather,  on  his  inter- 
marriage 


x39 

marriage    with    Anne    O'Mulloy,    the    daughter    of  William    O'Mulloy   of 
Oghtertire,  Esq.     He  died  on  the  9th  February,  1634. 
"  15.  Cathal  Og,  or  Charles,   the  second  son  of  the  aforesaid  Cathal  Og  and  Anne 
O'Mulloy,  married  Cecilia  O'Flynn,  the  daughter  of  Fiacra  O'Flynn  of  Balin- 
logh,  Esq.,  and  the  chief  of  his  name.      This  latter  Cathal  Og,  or  Charles 
O'Conor,  died  at  Belanagare,  A.  D.  1696. 
"  16.  Denis,  the  son  of  the  said  Charles  and  Cecilia,   married  Mary  O'Ruark,   the 
daughter  of  Col.  Tiernan  O'Ruark  (the  grand-nephew  of  the  abovementioned 
Bryan  na  Murtha,  who  forfeited).      He  left  issue  of  that   marriage,  viz., 
Charles  his  eldest  son,  now  living,  and  born  in  17 10  ;  Daniel,  born  in  1727; 
and  Hugh,  in  1729." — Orig.  MS. 
Charles,  born  in  A.  D.  171  o,  was  the  venerable  author  of  the  "  Dissertations   on 
the  History  of  Ireland,"  &c,   and  he  also  compiled  the  foregoing  account  of  his  own 
name  and  family.     He  was  great-grandfather  of  the  present  Denis  O'Conor  Don,  M.  P. 
for  the  County  of  Roscommon. 

The  kings  of  Connaught,  from  an  early  period,  were  inaugurated  on  the  hill  of 
Carnfraoigh,  near  Tulsk,  in  the  present  County  of  Roscommon.  The  duties  of  some 
of  the  chief  officers  on  that  occasion  appear  in  an  Irish  manuscript,  preserved  in  the 
library  of  the  Duke  of  Buckingham,  at  Stowe,  in  England,  codex  iii.  fo.  28,  beginning 
"  Gjup  up  e  uct  lTlaolconcnpe,  7c." 

"  It  is  O'Maolconar's  [Mulconry's]  right  to  present  the  wand  to  the  king,  and  it  is 
not  lawful  for  any  of  the  nobles  of  Connacht  to  be  present  in  company  on  the  cam, 
excepting  O'Maolconar,  who  inaugurates,  and  O'Connachtan,  who  guards  the  entrance 
of  the  earn.  The  King's  horse  and  clothes  become  the  property  of  the  successor  of 
Daconna,  and  he  follows  O'Conor  on  that  horse;  and  an  ounce  of  gold  is  paid  to 
O'Connachtan,  who  is  obliged  to  smooth  the  Carn  at  every  inauguration." — Cat.  Stow. 
MSS.  p.  168.  For  the  original  of  this  fragment,  see  Rerum  Hib.  vol.  i.  prolegomena  2, 
p.  91.  O'Ferrall,  in  his  Book  of  Irish  Pedigrees,  preserved  in  the  Office  of  Arms, 
Dublin,  under  the  O'Conor  family,  notes,  "  that  the  King  of  Connaught  kept  twelve 
prime  officers,  of  the  chief  families  of  his  country,  in  his  court,  attending  his  person, 
as  his  councell;  and  to  rule  and  govern  as  well  his  household,  as  to  manage  the  affairs 
of  his  kingdom,  in  war  and  peace,  and  were  called,  in  Irish,  Cuoipi£  na  Cpuacan, 
which  officers  were  hereditary  from  father  to  son.  These  were  O'Flannagan,  Mac 
Oireachty  (Geraghty),  O'Mulbrenin,  O'Finaghty,  O'Fallon,  O'Flin,  O'Manachain, 
O'Concanon,  Mac  Branan,  O'Hanly,  O'Heyn,  O'Seachnusy."  These  chief  lords  had 
from  the  king  the  following  stipends  for  their  services,  viz.  :  "Fifty  cows  and  fifty 
sheep  on  the  day  of  Baal's  fire  to  Mac  Geraghty ;  fifty  cows  and  fifty  pigs  every  Samin's 

T  2  day 


I4-C 

day  to  him  also;  his  surety  in  the  district  of  Umhal; — fifty  suckling  calves  and  fif) 
sheep  on  Baal's  fire  day  to  CPFionacfdy ;  and  fifty  pigs  and  fifty  cows  every  6 
day  to  him;  and  his  surety  in  Luighni  of  Connacht; — fifty  calves  and  fifty  sheep  to 
(J  Maolbrennan  every  Baal's  fire  day;  fifty  cows  and  fifty  pigs 

him  also ;  and  his  surety  in  the  district  of  Fiachrach, ; — fifty  calves  and  fifty 

sheep  on  Baal's  fire  day  to  0' Flannagan ;  fifty  suckling  calves  and  fifty  pig         -      m's 
day  to  him  also;  and  his   surety  in  Ti rawly  and  Irrus.     O'Conor's  high  stewardship 
belongs  to  (J Flannagan,  in  preference  to  the  three  other  chiefs,  lords  of  Connaught. 
The  guardianship  of  his  hostages  and  prisoners,  and  the  command  of  the  securities  for 
the  provision  of  his  fleet,  from  Sliabh-an-Iron  [Iron  mountain^  to  Limerick,  b 
CPHanly ; — the  body  guards  of  O'Conor,  and  the  joint  stewardship,  and  the  X< 
be  under  the  control  of  Mac  Brennan ; — the  straw  for  the  encampment,  the  furniture, 
and  beds  for  O'Conor's  house,  to  be  provided  by   the  Clan  Dockrey,  and  also   tin- 
making  of  the    encampment,  whenever  his  fort  is    to  be   fitted  up; — the  guar', 
of  the  preys  of  O'Conor,  when  he  pitches  his  tents,  belongs  to  0' Flannagan.  (>'];■ 
and  0' 'Dockrey ; — the  guards  of  O'Conor,  and  their  profits,  from  the  Curra 
neticlt  eastward,  to  Cenantus,   are  subject  to  the  command   of  Mac  Brentum;— 
guards  from  that  Currach  westward,  to  Cruaeh  Patrick,  belong! 
O'Flin; — the  command  of  the  fleet  to  CPFhherii  and  Of  Mali,  whenever  hi   _ 
or  on  high  sea.     The  chief  of  the  house-hold  of  O'Conor  is  <>"/', .,,,   [now  Tighej,  and 
he  is  mareschal  of  the  household ; — the  steward  of  the  hor-    ie  O'Flin; — the  steward 
of  the  jewels  is  QP Kelly ; — the  chief  marshal  of  the  armies   is   Mat   Dermott; — the 
carver  is  O'Bern; — the   door-keeper  O'Fionnacktij  —  the  chief  poet,   WMaolcoi, 
Each  of  these  lords  has  tAventy-four  towns,   as  a  domain  for  his  own  ne 
from  O'Conor;   and  each  of  the  other  four  royal  lords  has  eight  and  fbrtj 
namely,  (J Flannagan,  Mac  Gerachty,  O^FionnachU,  and  OPMadbrennan.     The  chief 
officers  and  champions,  patient  of  fatigue,   are  the  Galengs,  the  I 
Conmaenians,  the   three  Luighnis,    and  the    men    of  Cei  are    the   ch 

spearsmen  of  the  armies,  for  they  are It  would  be  tedious  to  write  all : 

there  is  not  a  lord,  nor  prince,  nor  governor  of  a  district,  from  Ballyshan 
from  Ernes,   the  district  of  the  Damnonii,   to  Usneach  in  Meath,  and  to  Dul 
monastery  of  Cianan,  and  from  Loch- Erne   to  Lough-Derg,   and   to  Birr,  wh 
subject  to  the  laws  and  usages,  the  customs  and  the  power,  of  O'Conar1,"  fc. — I 
Stow.  MSS-  p.  1 68.     The  foregoing  is  taken  from  Torua  O'Mulconry,  chief   poet    of 
Connaught,  who  attended  at  the  inauguration  of  Felini  O'Conor,  on  the  hiD  of  Cam 
Fraogh,  A.  D.  1 3 15.      See  also  Irish  Writers,   p.  94;  and   Rerum  Hib.  vol.  i.  proL  2. 

p.  92.  Here 

1  This  extract  seems  to  be  in  some  places  mistranslated  by  Dr.  O'Conor. 


I4I 

Here  the  Editor  takes  an  opportunity  of  correcting  an  error  respecting  the  situ- 
ation of  Rath  Cruachan,  the  palace  or  ancient  residence  of  the  kings  of  Connaught. 
This  error  occurs  in  the  History  of  Galway,  where  it  is  incorrectly  stated,  p.  33,  after 
Beauford,  that  Rath  Cruachan  was  situate  between  the  towns  of  Boyle  and  Elphin,  in 
the  County  of  Roscommon.  But  that  was  a  gross  mistake,  for  although  there  is  a  well- 
known  hill,  called  the  hill  of  Croghan  (Cpuacan),  situate  about  mid-way  between  those 
towns  (see  the  Statistical  Survey  of  the  County,  pp.  282-4),  yet  it  never  was  the  resi- 
dence of  our  provincial  princes.  The  late  Dr.  O'Conor  has,  however,  pointed  out  the 
true  situation  of  Rath  Cruachan,  viz.,  in  the  parish  of  Kilcorky,  and  barony  of  Ballin- 
tobber:  "  Cruachan  Arx  Regia  Connacias,  cujus  vestigia  adhuc  nianent,  distat  duobus 
circiter  miliaribus  a  Belanagare,  et  tribus  a  Castello  de  Ballintober.  Vox  ipsa  Cruachain 
denotat,  i.  e.  Col/em  Annuli,  sive  collem  circularem." — Tig.  p.  310,  n.  76.  Near  it,  to 
the  south,  is  situate  Roilig  na  Riogh,  or  the  Cemetery  of  the  Kings.  Here  a  remarkable 
upright  stone,  about  seven  feet  over  ground,  called  Ifa  beapj,  or  the  red  stone,  is 
pointed  out  as  the  monument  of  Dathy,   the  last  of  the  Irish  pagan  kings.     That 

prince  is  said  to  have  been  killed  by  lightning  at  the  foot  of  the  Alps,  in  A.  D.  428 

See  the  Four  Masters  at  that  year,  and  Ogyg.  p.  160.  The  monument  is  alluded  to 
by  Mac  Firbis,  in  his  Book  of  Genealogies,  p.  173,  as  follows  :  "  Uujao  copp  Odci 
£0  Cpuacain  jjup  haibnaiceab  e  1  pelj  na  Rioj  1  Ccpuacain,  1  ppail,  a  paoaoap 
Riojsjpaib  Siol  Spearhoin  bo  upmop,  aic  a  ppuil,  gupaniu,  an  Caippce  beapj  mup 
liaj  opa  li£e  na  leacc,  le  \Za\6  Cpuacan,  ^up  a  nopa,  1666."  This,  and  other 
curious  vestiges  of  antiquity  in  the  locality,  are  entitled  to  the  first  attention  of  the 
future  topographer  or  historian  of  this  interesting  county. 

Among  the  "  Depositions  of  Protestants,"  &c,  preserved  in  the  Manuscript  Library 
of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  F.  2.  2.,  "  Elizabeth  Holly  well,  relict  of  William  Holly  well, 
clerke,  of  the  town  of  Roscommon,  saith  that  it  was  an  ordinary  and  a  common  report, 
by  and  amongst  the  rebells  of  the  county  of  Roscommon,  that  Charles  O'Connor  Dun 
of  Ballentubber,  Esq.,  was  made  king  of  Connaught ;  and  one  Christopher  de  la  Hyde, 
Esq.,  a  justice  of  peace  and  a  Papist,  told  deponent,  that  all  the  rebell  soldiers 
thereabouts  were  gone  to  Tulks,  to  make  the  said  Charles  O'Conor  Dun  king  of  Con- 
naught."— Jurat,  10th  April,  1643.  Of  the  inclination  to  achieve  the  purpose  here  de- 
posed to,  there  can  be  no  doubt ;  for  it  is  a  curious  fact,  that  after  a  period  of  nearly  two 
hundred  years  a  similar  project  was  contemplated  in  the  very  same  district.  During 
one  of  the  late  agrarian  disturbances  there,  a  deputation  of  the  people  waited  on  the 
late  Mr.  Matthew  O'Conor,  uncle  of  the  present  O'Conor  Don,  and  announced  to  him, 
that  at  a  general  meeting  of  the  barony  it  was  proposed,  and  unanimously  resolved, 
that  he  should  be  proclaimed  King  of  Connaught.  Not  anticipating  any  dissent  on 
his  part  from  this  wise  resolve,  the  deputies  respectfully  requested  him  to  appoint  a 

time 


142 

time  for  the  performance  of  the  ceremony,  on  the  hill  of  Camfree.  How  the  singular 
proposal  was  entertained  may  be  easily  anticipated.  Mr.  O'Conor  himself  related  this 
circumstance  to  the  Editor. 

The  old  Book  of  Rights  and  Privileges,  entitled  "  LeaJjhar  na  g-ceart"  (attributed 
to  St.  Beinin,  who  died  A.  D.  468 ;  but  enlarged  and  continued  to  a  much  later  period), 
preserved  in  the  Books  of  Lecan  and  Ballymote,  contains  an  account  of  the  rigfe 
revenues,  and  privileges  of  the  kings  of  Connaught;  and  the  subsidies  paid  by  the: 
their  subordinate  chieftains.  This  begins:  "  '  Opa  acap  Cuanapoad  Conoacc  .1. 
mop  cfp  Conoacc  icep  biacao  acap  coimioeacc.  Ceoumup  co  Opuucan.'  The  re- 
venues and  subsidies  of  Conaght,  i.  e.  the  great  rents  of  Conaght,  both  food  (or  enter- 
tainment) and  attendance.  First  to  Cruachan.'  "  An  account  is  then  given  of  the 
rights  and  privileges  of  the  Conaght  kings,  beginning  "  6>rciS  Pfc  reandar  nat 
puaill."  "  Hear  ye  a  story  not  to  be  contemned."  This  is  followed  by  an  account 
of  the  subsidies  paid  by  them  to  their  chiefs,  beginning  "  Cuapapcal  cuicio  Con- 
oacc." "  The  stipends  of  the  province  of  Conaght." — See  Irish  Writer-,  p.  30 ;  Book 
of  Lecan,  fo.  187;  and  Book  of  Ballymote,  fo.  147.  With  these,  the  following  extracts 
will  be  found,  in  the  main,  to  agree. 

"The  rights  and  tributes  paid  at  Cruachan,  the  King's  residence,   annually,  viz. : 
From  the  territory  of  Umkatt,  100  milch   cows,    100   hogs,   and    100  cask?  of  beer 
(hand);  from  Greagruia 'he  100  bullocks.    100  milch  cows,  6b  hogs,  and   60  mai. 
(brat);  from  Conmhaicne  240  mantles,  200  cows,  and  80  hogs  ;  froi     I  Ae   100 

cows,  100  bullocks,  60  red  mantles,  and  60  hogs  ;  from  Luighne  300  cows  ererj  May- 
day, and  1 50 hogs;  Romantics  every  All  Saints  eve  (la  samhna),  together  with  150  bul- 
locks for  the  plough  ;  from  the  Corcaibh  140  cows,  310  sheep  [700.  in  Lib.  Letmm] 
ho^s,  350  oxen;  from  the  Dealbhnas,  for  the  freedom  of  their  country.  1 50  red  maul 
1 50  hogs,  and  150  oxen;  from  Imaine,  for  their  lands,  70  mai'  -         .-.     The 

free  princes  are  those  of  I  Briuin,  Sil  Muireadhaigh,   1  Fiachrach,  and  Cmeal-aodha 
(Kinalea).     These  are  free  from  any  tribute,  and  are  a£  -  the  king  (com  saerafri 

Rig).  But  if  the  monarch  should  war  upon  the  King  of  Connaught,  those  princes  are 
to  aid  the  King  with  their  forces.  They  are  not  to  march  their  armies  into  the  field 
without  pay,  nor  fight  a  battle  without  consideration,  and  if  any  of  their  men  be 
killed,  they  are  to  have  restitution  (Eric)  for  the  same.  When  the  sovereign" 
not  in  the  progeny  of  Aodli  or  Guaire.  they  (the  latter)  are  to  Bit  by  ti 
shoulder  (Guala),  and  the  best  of  them  by  Ids  right  shoulder  (Guala  deas).— See  the 
dan  or  poem  Cipcij  le  Seanccrp,  7c. 

"  What  the  King  of  Connaught  is  obliged  to  pay  to  his  tributaries,  for  their  ser- 
vice, tributes,  and  loyalty.— To  the  chieftain  of  Siol  Muireadhaigh  his  own  ring  and 
battle  dress  (fail  agus  en-id),  together  with  a  shield,  a  sword,  and  a        -         .   to  the 

Kins 


143 

King  of  Umhall  5  horses,  5  ships,  5  swords,  and  5  corselets ;  to  the  King  of  Dealbhna 

6  shields,  6  swords,  6  horses,  6  cloaks,  and  5  cups;  to  the  King  of  Conmhaicne  4 
cloaks,  4  swords,  4  slaves,  4  women,  4  corselets,  2  mantles,  and  2  pair  of  tables 
(fttkil),  10  cups,    and  10  horses;  to  the  King  of  I  Maine  7  robes,  7  cloaks,  7  horses, 

7  greyhounds;  to  the  King  of  Luigne  10  horses,  10  robes,  10  cups,  and  10  grey- 
hounds; to  the  King  of  /  Briuin  5  horses,  5  mantles,  5  swords,  5  corselets,  10  cups, 
1  o  slaves,  and  ten  pair  of  tables ;  to  the  King  of  North  I  Fiachrach  3  cups,  3  swords, 

3  horses,  10  rings,  and  10  pair  of  tables;  to  the  Prince  of  Cineal-n-Aodka  7  slaves, 
7  women  (mna  daera),  7  cups,  7  swords,  and  7  greyhounds  ;  to  the  Prince  of  Par- 
traighe  3  cloaks,  3  cups,  and  3  horses.  Thus  the  tributes  and  gifts  of  the  kings  and 
chieftains  of  Connaught  are  settled." 

"  The  King  of  Cruachan  is  obliged  to  give  the  monarch  of  Ireland,  at  his  feast,  40 
keeves  (dabach)  full  of  liquors,  with  other  necessaries ;  and  not  to  go  unattended  to 
invite  him.  He  is  obliged  to  have,  in  return,  from  the  monarch,  at  Tara,  40  cows, 
200  horses,  4  rings,  4  cups  gilt  with  gold,  all  to  be  left  at  his  habitation  at  Cruachan. 
And,  as  an  additional  gift,  4  red  shields,  4  helmets  of  the  same  color,  4  corselets,  and 

4  spears.  He  is  obliged  to  keep  Cruachan  inhabited,  and  not  to  leave  it  to  go  west- 
ward more  than  three  times  in  one  year.  The  King  of  Cruachan  ( C  Conor)  is  obliged 
to  give  the  King  of  Imanie  (JJ1  Kelly)  4  shields,  20  cows,  20  horses,  and  clothing  for 
200  men;  to  the  King  of  / Flagkragh  (CDowda)  4  ships,  10  women,  20  slaves,  and 
3  cups ;  to  the  King  of  Tuath  20  beeves,  20  hogs,  and  20  tuns  well  filled ;  to  the  King 
of  Luignie  4  shields,  4  robes  with  gold  borders,  and  4  ships.  He  (0' Conor)  is  no 
further  liable  to  his  tributaries,  and  they  are  all  obliged  to  accompany  him  to  Tara." 

The  foregoing  extracts  from  the  "  Book  of  Rights"  are  here  introduced  as  a 
curious  elucidation  of  part  of  our  provincial  history.  It  must,  however,  be  confessed, 
that  they  cannot  be  considered  so  perfect  as  might  be  wished,  owing  to  the  dif- 
ficulty of  obtaining  a  copy  of  that  ancient  book,  which  could  be  relied  on.  Several 
transcripts  of  it  are  extant,  but  they  differ  so  much  from  each  other,  particularly  in 
the  enumeration  of  the  various  articles  of  cios,  or  tribute,  that  it  is  not  easy  to  de- 
termine which  is  genuine.  For  an  instance  of  this  see  the  "  Rights  and  tributes 
paid  at  Cruachan"  (Cios  Ri  Connachi)  given  in  Rerum  Hib.  Scriptor.  vol.  i.  proleg.  2. 
p.  90,  from  an  ancient  manuscript  at  Stowe,  which  will  be  found  to  vary  from  our 
original.  A  corrected  copy,  therefore,  of  the  Book  of  Rights,  published  with  the  various 
readings,  would  be  a  useful  addition  to  Irish  literature. 

When  the  Anglo-Normans  landed  in  Ireland  in  the  twelfth  century,  the  Cuigeadk, 
Fifth,  or  Province,  of  Connaught,  was  inhabited  by  several  tribes  or  families  of  Milesian 
descent ;  whose  chieftains,  and  the  territories  which  they  ruled,  have  been  recorded  by 
one  of  the  most  learned  of  our  antiquaries,  Shane  Mor  O'Dugan,  in  a  tojuographical 

poem 


144 


poem  still  extant.  This  valuable  piece,  like  most  of  the  other  evidence'-  of  IxiA 
history,  still  remains  unpublished.  A  small  part,  consisting  merely  of  the  prose  pre- 
faces to  the  descriptions  of  the  several  provinces,  has  been  translated  by  the  learned 
author  of  Cambrensis  Eversus,  and  inserted  in  that  work,  see  p.  25.  The  portion  re- 
lating to  Connaught  is  here  printed  from  a  valuable  copy  of  the  original,  in  the  hand- 
writing of  Cucoigcriche  O'Clery,  one  of  the  Four  Masters,  preserved  in  the  Library  of 
the  Royal  Irish  Academy.  The  publication  of  the  entire,  which  extends  to  the  whole 
of  Ireland,  will,  it  is  hoped,  be  achieved  by  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society. 

"CuioChonachc  ino  yo  coCeicc.  "  In  tk  Portion  ofComumght 

"  O'Conchobaip  Qipopi  Conachc. 
O'pianajain,  OTTluoil  TTlopoa,  O'Cup- 
caij,  agup  O'lDu^poin  ceirpe  caoipi^ 
cloinne  Carail ;  O'TTIaoilbpendinn  ctp 
cloinn  Chonchubaip  ;  O'Caculain  ap 
cloinn  Pajapcai^;  051^  OTTlaonaij  ap 
cloinn  Tllupcuile  ;  ajup  TTla^  Oipeach- 
caijapmuinnpRoouib;  O'Pmachca  ap 
cloinn  Conmaij;  ajup  O'Pmachcu  eile 
ap  cloinn  IDupchaDa  ;  ajup  O'Conn- 
ceanaino  apLlib  Oiapmacu;  asup  nia; 
TTIupchaoap  cloinn Comolcai^:  O'Pall- 
arham  ap  cloinn  Uaoach  ;  TTlac  t)iup- 
mooa  ap  rip  n-Oilealla,  aj^up  up  cip 
Uuarail,  a;up  ap  epic  Peap  Uipe,  ajup 
ap  cloino  Chuain,  ajup  ap  rip  Neach- 
cainn,  ajup  ap  ctp  n-Gnoa. 

"  Cuit)  na  bpeipne. 

"  O'Ruaipc  aipo-pi^  6peipne.  TTlac 
Cireapnam  ap  Ceallach  n-t)uncliuoci  ; 
nias  Sampaoain  ap  Ceallach  n-6ach- 
achjajuplTUicConpnariiaapcloinoCliio- 
naich  ;  ajup  mac  Ca5a6ain  ap  cloinn 
peapmaije  ;  a;up  mag  t>opchai6e  ap 
cenel  tuachain;  agup  lTlaj  pianncliaoa 
ap  Ohapcpoije ;  O'PinO  ajup  O'Ceapb- 


"  O'Conor  supreme  King  of  Connaught. 
O'Flannagan,  O'Maoil-Mordhs,  OXarthy, 
and  O'Mughroin  (Moron),  the  four  chief? 
ofClan-Cathail;  I  >'Maoil-Breanainn  (Mid- 
renin)  chief  of  Clan-Connor:  O'Cahalan 
of  Clan-Fagharta  (J  ;  '  PMai  1 

(Mooney)  of  Clan-Murthuilc  :  M 
achty    (Geraghty)    of    Muintir-Eoduibh, 
O'FinachtyofClan-'  [       '     inamoo)\ 

another  O'Finachi  -Murchadha; 

O'Conceanainn  (Co/>r,> „t,>,„)  of  Hy-Diar- 
msda ;  Mac  Murchadh  of  Clan-Tomultach; 
O'FaUamhain  (CFaUon)  of  Clan-Uad 
Mac  Diarmada  of  Tir-Oilleull  (T,remll)\ 
Tir-Tuatliail  (  TYrootZ)  the  countxy  -  f  Fear- 
tire,  Clan-Chuain.  Tir  Neachtain,  and 
Tir-n-Enda. 

"In  the  Portim 

"  O'Ruairc  (Bourlm  1  supreme  King 
Breifny.  Mac  Tighearnan  (Ticman)  chief 
of  Teallach  Donchada  (Tuttylamco  in  Co- 
van);  Mac  Samhradain  (Mac  Gaum?,) 
of  Teallach-n-Eachach  :  Mac  Consnamha 
(Mac  a  \  f  dan-(  iona- 

oth   (Clan  Kenny);    Ma     Agmdain 
Keegan)  of  Clan-Fearmaighe  (GLmfm 


[45 


aill  ctp  Chullpoi^e  ;  O'Ra^allaig  ap 
muincip  Dlaoil  lTlliopoa;  O'Cuino  ap 
muinnp  n-^yollajain;  ajup  fflaj  fflaoil 
lopa  ap  mui  j  m-&peacpaije  ;  ajup  lilac 
pionnbaippapmuincipn-^epaoai^ajup 
TTlaj  Ra^naill  ap  muincip  n-Boluip; 
ajup  OTfluoilmiaoai^  ap  TTloijneipe  ; 
ajup  Ui  Cuinn  ap  mufncip  peap- 
£ail;  O'lTlaolcluiche  ap  oa  Chaipbpe; 
O'h-BabpaajupO  h-Uuchmapain^ijup 
O'Ceapnachain,  ajup  O^Jaohpa  ci£- 
eapnaoa  f-Ui^ne  ;  O't)obelein  ajup 
O'Ouinncachai^  ;  ci^eupnaoa  an  Clio- 
painn;  niajGocha  ajjjup  Dlaj  ITIaonai^, 
ajuplTlagpiuBcn^  cpi  pean  caofpijj;  lTlu- 
i^e  £mp5  iaopi6e  ;  O'Ouboa,  ci^eapna 
O'b-piacpach  an  Cuaipcipc,  O'Robba 
co  Coonai^;  O'ffluipeaohai^,  O'^op- 
ttioj  ajup  O'Cijeapnai^  ap  Clieapa; 
O'ftipnap  riiufncip  TTIhanbachain  ;  lilac 
6panam  ajup  O'maoil-TTI'cil  ap  Ohop- 
ca  Gachlann ;  0"h-Qinli  ce  ap  cenelOob- 
chaij;  ;  O'Ceaceapnai^  a^up  O'Ceipin 
ap  Chiappal^e  nun^e;  O'maolmuaio 
ap  damn  Uaibj  ;  ajup  O'pioinn  ap 
damn  TDaoil  puain  ;  O'Rodam  ap 
chaille  pochai^  ;  TTluc  Scaicjil  ap 
Chopcomoja;  ajup  O'&paoin  ap  loch 
n-jealjopa  ;  O'lllaille  ap  &a  Uriiall; 
O'Calchapain  ap  Chonmaicne  cuile; 
a;$up  O'Cabla  ap  Conmaicne  rhapa ; 
lilac  Conpoi  ap  ^no  moip  ajup  O'llab- 
nai6  ap  ^no  m-bicc  ;  TTIac  Qooa  ap 
cloinn  Copjpai&e  ;  O'piairbeapcaij  ap 
muineip  TTlupcba&a ;  OTleibin  ajuf 
niac  ^iolla  Ceallaij  ajup  h-Ui  Cle- 
ipt^  ap  uib  Piachpach  Pinn  ;  ajup 
O'Duibjiolla  ap  cenel  chino  ^hariina  ; 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5. 


Mac  Dorchey  (Darcy)  of  Cineal-Luach- 
ain  (at  the  foot  of  Slieve  an  Ierin) ;  Mac 
Flanchy  (Clancy)  of  the  Dartry;  O'Finn 
and  O'Carroll  of  the  Callraighe  (Calry); 
O'  Reilly  of  Muintir  -Maoilmordha;  O'  Quinn 
of  Muintir-Gilligan  (in  Longford);  Mac 
Maoiliosa  of  Moy  Breacraighe;  Mac  Finbar 
of  Muintir-Geradan ;  Mac  Raghnaill  (Rey- 
nolds) of  Muintir  Eoluis;  O'Mael-Miadh- 
aigh  ( O'Mulvey)  of  Moyneise  (in  Leitrim) ; 
O'Quinn  of  Muintir-Ferrall ;  O'Mul-Clui- 
che  (Stone)  of  the  two  Carbries ;  O'Headhra 
((THara),  O'Huamarain,  O'Cearnachan, 
and  O'Gara,  lords  of  Luighne  (Leyny); 
O'Dobhelein  (Develin)  and  O'Duncathy, 
lords  of  Coran;  Mac  Keogh,  MacMeany; 
and  Mac  Riavy  (Mac  Creevy),  the  three 
ancient  chieftains  of  Moylurg;  O'Dubhda 
(O'Dowda),  lord  of  North  Hy-Fiachrach 
from  (the  River)  Roba  (in  Mayo)  to  Cod- 
naigh  (at  Drumcliffin  Sligo) ;  O'Muireadh- 
aigh  (0' Murray),  O'Gormog,  andO'Tighe- 
arny  ( O'Tierny),  chiefs  of  Ceara  ( Carra  ba- 
rony) ;  O'Beirn,  chief  of  Muinter  Manach- 
ain;  MacBranain  a.ndO'Maol-Michil(i/w/- 
ville,  Melville,  Mulvihil,  Mitchell),  chiefs  of 
Corca-Eachlann ;  O'Hanly  of  Cineal-Dobh- 
tha ;  O'Kearney  and  O'Kerin  of  Kerry  of  the 
Plain;  O'Molloy  of  Clan-Teige  ;  O'Flinn 
of  Clan-Mulruain;  O'Rothlain  (Rowly)  of 
Caill  Fothaigh ;  Mac  Sgaithghil  (Skahill) 
of  Corcomogha  (Corcomoe);  O'Broin  of 
Lochgealgosa;  O'Maille  of  the  two  Umhalls 
(Oicles);  O'Talcarain  of  Conmaicne- Cuile 
(Kilmaine  barony) ;  O'Cadhla  (CfKealy) 
of  Conmaicne-mara  ;  Mac  Conry  of  Gno- 
more,  O'Adhnaidh  ( G'B.einey)  of  Gnobeg ; 
Mac  Aodh  (Hughes)  of  Clan-Cosgraighe  ; 
U  O'Flaherty 


146 


05"^  lTlac  Piachpa  ap  ojaib  fteachpa ; 
ajup  O'Carain  ap  chenel  Seona  ;  ajup 
OTTIa^naap  Chaenpibe ;  O'Seaclinapui^ 
ujup  O'Cacuil,  Du  cijeapna  ceneoil 
Qc6a. 


O'Fkherty     of     Muintir     Murehadha  ; 
O'Heidhin   (O'Heyne,   now  Spies),  Mac 

Kilkelly,  and  O'Clery  of  Hy-Fiachra- 
Finn;  O'Duibgioll  (DoweH)  of  Cineal  Kin- 
gamhna  :  Mac  Fiachry  of  Oga  Beathra  : 
O'Cathain  (Kane)  of  Cinel-Sead:  . 
O'Maghnaof  Kaenry;  O'Shaughnessy  and 
O'Cahill,  the  two  lords  of  Cineal- Aodha. 

"  ///  the  Portion  ofHy-Maine. 

"  O'Kelly  supreme  lord.  O'Conaill  lord 
of  the  territory  from  Gran  to  Ceann- 
Muighe  (head  of  the  plain);  I  rNeachtain 
and  O'Maoilaloidh  ((/MuBaBy),  the  two 
lords  ofMaenmoy;  O'Mainnin,  Clan-an- 
Bhaird  (Ward),  O'Scurru,  O'Leannain, 
O'Cassan,  O'Giallain,  and « •'  Maigin, which- 
ever of  these  seven  happened  to  be  lord, 
was  chieftain  over  the  other  tribe-  during 
his  supremacy ;  I  PCahuT,  O'Mugroin,  and 
O'Mulroney,  three  lords  of  Crumthann 
(Cruffan);  <  »'Laodog  lord  of  the  Caladh 
O'Madadhain  (O'Madden),  chief  of  - 
Anmcha  :  O'Hualkchain  (Cuolao/.- 
Mac  Eideadhain,  chief  of  Clan-Dermot 
North  and  South:  Mac  Gilla-Finagan  and 
O'Cinaoith    (CPKenny),    d  *  lan- 

Flathamain:  O'Donnellan,  chief  of  Clan- 
Breasail ;  O'Donchadha  of  Clan-Corn. 
Maonmoy  ;  O'Dugan  of  the  twelve  town- 
lands  of  O'Dugan;  O'Docomhlan  of  the 
Eidnigh;  CTGawran  of  Dal  Druithne:  and 
( ►'Maol-Bride,  chief  of  Moy-finn." 


"Cuio  ua  TTldine. 

"  O'Ceallai 5  aipo-rijeapna  OTTlaine. 
O'Conaill  ap  Ojeapna  6  ^hpein  co 
Ceano  muije;  O'Neachcain  ajupO'lTla- 
oilaloib,  oa  ci^eapna  maonmuijqe ; 
O'niamoin,  agupclann  an  6haipo,  agup 
O'Sccuppa,  ajup  O'teanouin,  ajup 
0'Capa!n,a5upO"^iallain,U5upOniui- 
5in,  jipe  haca  bup  cigeapna  ay  oipfj 
e  pop  an  luce  naile  pe  heao  a  pi^e; 
O'Cacail,  OTTluspoin,  a^up  O'lDaol- 
puana  cpi  cijeapnuioe  Cpumra.no ; 
O'Caoboj  uippi£  ""  Chalaio  ;  O'lDa- 
oabuin  ap  piol  n-Ctnmchaoa ;  ajup 
O'h-Uallachain  beop  ;  ajup  lTlac  eioe- 
aoain  ap  clomo  Diupmaca  cuaio  ajup 
ceap;  a5up  TTIac  frolla  pinnagAin  a5up 

O'Chionaoir,  ap    cloinn  piaireamuin; 

axupO'Dorhnallain  ap  cloinn  6peupail; 

uxupO'Oonnchaoha  cp  chloino  Chopp- 

maic  maonmuije  ;  ajup  O'Duib^ino  ap 

oa  bailey  onDuibjmo; usupO'Docom- 

lain  ap  an  Giom^;  a5up  O'gabpain  ap 

Dhaln-Dpuirne;  ajupO'ITkioilbpijoe 

Caoipeac  TTIuije  finn." 

See  Appendix  I.  for  the  chief  inhabitants  ofConnaught,  and   their  possessions. 

towards  the  close  of  the  sixteenth  century,  when  the  Irish  tenures  ceased,  and  t 

principal  lords  surrendered  to  Queen  Elizabeth. 

NOTE 


f47 

NOTE  B.     See  page  2,  note  d.     "  Barony  of  Clare." 

The  plains  of  Magli  Seola,  which  form  the  present  barony  of  Clare  in  the  County 
of  Galway,  were  the  inheritance  of  the  O'Flaherties  and  their  ancestors,  for  upwards 
of  800  years  antecedent  to  the  thirteenth  century.  This  district  is  frequently  men- 
tioned in  our  annals,  and  other,  old  writings.  The  Four  Masters  commence  their 
celebrated  work  by  stating,  that  the  "  antediluvian  nymph"  Ceasoir  died  at  Cuil  Cesra 
in  Connaught,  and  that  she  was  interred  at  Carn  Cesra.  In  our  author's  Ogyg. 
p.  162,  it  appears  that  Cnoc  Meadha  Siud,  a  well-known  hill,  now  called  Knockmaa, 
near  Tuam,  in  this  barony  of  Clare,  was  supposed  to  be,  "  fertur  fuisse,"  Carn  Cesra  ; 
and  that  Cuil  Cesra  was  near  it :  and  to  this  day,  an  ancient  earn,  or  monumental  pile  of 
stones,  may  be  seen  on  the  summit  of  that  hill.  In  this  district  was  fought,  in  the 
third  century,  the  famous  battle  of  Magh  Mucruimhe,  on  a  plain  lying  immediately  to 
the  west  of  the  town  of  Athenry ;  in  which  battle  Art,  King  of  Ireland,  was  killed.  The 
spot  where  he  fell  is  still  shewn,  and  is  called  Turloch  Airt.  See  ante,  p.  43,  notee. 
Our  author,  in  Ogyg.  p.  329,  points  to  it  as  situate  "  inter  Moyvoelam  et  Kilcornan.'' 
The  old  castle  of  Moyvoela  is  still  standing,  and  to  the  south  of  it  lies  Turloch  Airt. 
It  has  been  observed,  that  many  less  remarkable  places  have  been  distinguished  by 
monuments  in  other  countries. 

Not  long  after  this  occurrence,  the  territory  or  plains  of  Moy-Seola  appear  noticed 
as  the  scene  of  some  of  the  apostolic  labours  of  St.  Patrick.  An  old  unpublished  history 
of  Ireland,  preserved  in  the  Library  of  the  lioyal  Irish  Academy,  informs  us,  "  that 
St.  Patrick  arrived  in  Connaught  in  A.  D.  434,  and  making  towards  the  twenty-four 
sons  of  Brian,"  see  ante,  p.  127,  "Echean,  the  eldest  of  them,  mounting  his  horse, 
set  spurs  to  him,  and  advised  the  rest  of  his  brethren  to  do  the  same,  and  not  to 
countenance  the  blessed  clergyman ;  which  they  all  did,  save  only  Duach  Galach,  the 
youngest,  who,  staying  on  foot,  courteously  saluted  St.  Patrick,  and  tendered  him 
respect  and  obedience.  The  holy  man  went  still  after  Echean,  and  having  overtaken 
him,  asked  if  he  were  the  man,  which  he  denied  ;  but  St.  Patrick,  notwithstanding, 
cursed  him,  saying:  'if  you  be  Echean,  I  deprive  both  you  and  all  your  brethren 
about  you  of  all  royalty  and  felicity,  except  him  only  who  honoured  and  cherished 
me,  for  my  Lord  Jesus  Christ  his  sake.'  Then  Duach  Galach  replyed,  that  if  he  was 
the  eldest  son  he  would  have  farther  pleased  the  holy  man.  St.  Patrick  blessed  him 
saying,  you  and  your  posterity  shall  be  kings  over  your  brethren."  And  so  it  came 
to  pass,  for  the  future  kings  of  Connaught,  and  the  O'Flaherties  of  Iar- Connaught, 
and  several  other  great  families,  were  descended  from  this  Duach.  The  story  is,  however, 
variously  told ;  for  which  see  Ogyg.  p.  375  ;  the  Pedigree  of  the  Hy-Briuin  Aoi,  by 
Duald  Mac  Firbis;  and  the  Tripartite  Life,  Trias  Thaum.  p.  203  ;  and  part  ii.  ch.  52. 
But  St.  Patrick  afterwards  blessed  the  sons  of  Brian,  usuaque  sacra  benedictione  mn- 

U  2  nivit 


148 

nivit  filios  Briani  ;*'  the  0' Flaherties,  and  all  the  people  of  Hy-Briuin  Seola,  "  ?entem- 
que  de  Hua-Briuin.'"  Here  also  he  built  the  church  of  Domnach-mor,  now  called 
Domnach  Patruig,  on  the  banks  of  Loch- Sealga,  of  which  considerable  remains  may  be 
seen  at  the  present  day. 

Loch-Sealga  is  now  called  Lough-Hacket,  wliich  name  it  received  from  one  of  1 
English  families  planted  in  Moy-Seola,  in  the  thirteenth  century,   by  the  Earl  of 
Ulster,  when  the  O'Flaherties  were  driven  westward  by  the  power  of  the  De  Bur. 
Hist.  Galway,  pp.  51,  219.     In  A.  D.  1300,  some  of  these  "  Hackete"  accompam 

Earl  Richard  de  Burgo  on  the  expedition   to  Scotland Cal.  Rot.  Pat.  3 1  Edw.  I. 

No.  21,  and  they  continued  retainers  of  the  De  Burgos  to  a  later  period Id.  R^t.  Pat. 

3,  4.  Edw.  II.  No.  127.  By  them  was  built  the  castle  called  Castle  Hacket.  In 
A.  D.  1584,  29  Jan.  it  was  found  by  inquisition,  that  •'  the  sept  of  the  Hackets  wa> 
seised  of  the  island  called  Ilan-Hacket  in  Moynter  Murcho,"  i.  e.  in  M  -  :  -and 
of  12  quarters  of  land  there,  called  Magherylary." — Tnq.,  Bolls  Off.  In  the  composi- 
tion for  the  territory  of  Clanrickard  in  that  year,  it  appears  that  *'  the  land  of  Shane 
bwye's  sept  of  Castell  Mc  Hackett  were  34  quarters.'" — See  Appendix,  rf<  .  I.,  and  for 
more  of  this  family  of  Hacket,  see  Rot.  Pat.  15°  Jac.  I.,  p.  2,  and  170,  p.  2. 

The  district  now  forming  Clare  barony,  was  thickly  castellated  lv.  ttlers 

above  alluded  to,  during  the  thirteenth,  and  the  three  succeeding,  centuries.    The  fol- 
lowing enumeration  of  those  castles,  with  their  proprietors.  &c.,  i~   extracted 
"  The  Division  of  Connaught,  A.  D.  1586,"  preserved  in  the  British  Museum.  ( 
Titus,   B.  xiii.  p.  399:    "The   Baronie  of  Clare,    conteininge   Moyntagh    M'-  i 
Moynter  Moroghowe,  and  Maghere-reogh,  x  miles  long  and  vi  broade ;  and  i«. 

like  rate,  plowlands  xvi John  Burke  fitz- Thomas  and  Mc  C  reamon  (Redmond)  chief 

in  the  same. — Parishes.  Vicarage  of  Clare,  vicar,  of  Kilmillayn,  vicar,  of  Lekagh,  vicar. 

of  Kil ,  vicar,  of  Bealclarhome Gent,  and  castles.  TherleofClanricard,  Clarv; 

Ullig  Reogh,  DromghrifKn  ;   John  Lynch   fitz- William,    Yowghule;  ". 
Loscananon  ;  Mac  Walter  .called  Thomas   Mc  Henry,    BallendurTe:  MoylerM'S 
Cloynebow;  Walter  fitz-Ab.  fitz- Ed.,  Masse  ;  Nicholas  Lynch,  Anaghcoyn<  ;    '.' 
fitz-Edmond,  Leagkagh;  MP Reamon, Cloghenwoyr;  Ullig  Mc  Reamon,  Castle  Hackett ; 
Walter  Burke,  Kilnemanegh;    Mc  Walter's  sept,  Cahermorise;  M^vkr  Mc  Reamon. 
Anashkyne;  Wil.  Grana  Mc  Ric,  Cloghran ;  Redmund Mc  Moyler  MeRoe.  Bealclarhome; 
Redmund  Mc  Walter,  Aghkyne;  Ullig  Mc  Richard,  Comor:  William  Gaynard.  Ca- 
rigin;  Meyler  Mc  Rickard,  Tawmagh ;  Richard  Burke,  Coroflyny;  James  fitz- An. 
Anbale  ;  Thomas  Balue,  Qworanonyn;  Thomas  Ballagh,  Beallabeanchere;  John  Burke 
fitz-Thomas  of  Ballindere,  and  of  Deremaclaghlyn  ;  Murrogh  M  Swyne,  K] 
Edmund  Owhny,  Achrym ;  Walter  Boy,  Grange:  Johnoge  fitz-John  fitz-Ed.,  Cai 
Richard  Burke  fitz  Tho.,  Beallauea;  Tirlagb  Garagh  Mc  Swyne,  Cahirnefieke;   F 
Castle.     Cas.  33." 


149 

Most  of  these  thirty-three  castles,  which  we  here  find  inhabited  in  the  barony  of 
Clare,  in  A.  D.  1586,  were  erected  by  the  De  Burgos,  but  they  are  now  all  in  ruins. 
The  Four  Masters  state,  that  the  castle  of  Coroffyny,  Coradhfinne,  now  Corofin,  was 
built  in  A.  D.  145 1,  by  Mac  William  himself,  i.e.  Ulick,  son  of  Ulick  an  fhiona,  and 
father  of  Ulick,  who,  A.  D.  1503,  defeated  O'Kelly  [Melaghlin],  lord  of  Hy-Many,  and 
destroyed  his  castles  of  Garbh-doire  [Garballg],  Muine-an  Mheadha  [Monivea],  and 
Gallach  r ~  Castleblakeney],  places  now  (1844)  well  known  in  the  county  of  Galway.  The 
Four  Masters  add,  that  O'Kelly  complained  of  those  outrages  to  the  Lord  Deputy, 
Gerald,  eighth  Earl  of  Kildare;  and  that  his  complaint  occasioned  the  memorable  battle 
of  Cnoc-Tuadh  [the  Hill  of  the  Hatchets],  fought  in  this  barony  of  Clare,  in  A.  D.  1 504. 
But  that  such  was  the  cause  of  that  great  and  disastrous  outbreak,  does  not  seem  cre- 
dible, or  consistent  with  the  general  policy  of  the  English  rulers  at  the  time  ;  which 
was,  not  to  afford  any  aid  to  the  native  Irish  chieftains,  or  to  redress  their  wrongs, 
but  rather  to  root  them  out  and  seize  their  lands.  And  we  are  elsewhere  informed 
that  "the  Burkes  be  of  Englishe  nacion;"  and  "berith  mortal  hate  to  the  Kelleys." — 
State  Papers,  ii.  p.  451.  But  the  "  Book  of  Howthe"  expressly  states,  that  the  battle 
of  Cnoc-tuadh  was  occasioned  by  a  private  quarrel  between  the  Lord  Deputy  and  De 
Burgo.  As  the  singularly  curious  account  of  that  battle,  one  of  "  the  most  bloody 
that  stains  the  Irish  annals,"  contained  in  the  old  Book  of  Howth,  has  not  been  pub- 
lished, I  am  induced  to  insert  it  here,  from  a  manuscript  in  the  Library  of  the  Royal 

Dublin  Society,  stated  to  have  been  taken  from  that  Book,  fo.  108,  a See  King's 

Collections  preserved  in  that  Library. 

"  THE  BATTLE   OF  KNOCKTOW,  A.  T).  1504. 

"  After  this  the  Earl  [of  Kildare]  married  another  daughter  of  his  to  a  great  man 
in  Connaught  [Mac  William  of  Vlanrickard],  which  was  not  so  used  as  the  Earl  could 
be  pleased  with;  and  said  he  would  be  revenged  upon  this  Irishman,  who  stood  at 
defiance  with  the  Earl  and  all  his  partakers.  The  Earl  sent  to  all  the  Irish  lords  that 
were  his  friends,  as  O'Neil,  O'lieily,  O'Conor  of  O  Faly,  and  all  the  power  of  the 
English  Pale,  so  many  as  he  could  possibly  make.  For  the  Earl  understood  that  all 
the  Irish  in  Ireland  were  divided  between  him  and  his  adversarys.  They  were  a  great 
number,  whereof  he  had  good  experience.  Therefore  he  made  better  provision  of  all 
things;  and  the  best  men  in  all  the  English  Pale,  both  spiritual  and  temporal.  And 
being  20  miles  off  Knocktow,  he  called  the  noblemen  to  councell.  Amongst  all  were 
certain  bishops  and  men  of  law.  When  O'Neill  saw  them  he  said:  '  My  Lord  of 
Kildare,  command  the  bishopps  to  go  home  and  pray,  for  bishop's  councells  ought  not 
to  be  taken  in  matters  of  warr,  for  their  profession  is  to  pray  and  preach,  to  make  fair 
weather,  and  not  to  be  privy  to  man-slaughter  or  bloodshed,  but  in  preaching  and 

teaching 


«5° 

teaching  the  word  of  God.     And  I  assure  you,  it  is  a  presumption  for  any  prowd 
prelate  to  come  where  such  matters  are  to  be  done,  for  it  is  contrary  to  his  religion.' 
And  so,  O'Connor  asked  the  Earl,  what  he  would  do  with  the  judges  and  men  of  law 
in  his  company.  '  Wee  have  no  matters  of  pleading,  nor  matters  of  arguments,  nor 
matter  to  debate,  nor  to  be  discussed  by  pen  and  ink,  but  by  the  bow,  speare,  and 
sword,  and  the  valiant  host  of  gentlemen  and  men  of  warr,  by  their  fierce  and  lofty 
doings ;  and  not  by  the  simple,  sorry,  weak  and  doubtful  stomachs  of  learned  men, 
for  I  never  saw  those    that  were  learned  ever  give  good  counsaile  in  matt' 
warr.     For  they  were  alway  doubting,  staying,  or  persuading  men,  in  frivolous  and 
uncertain  words,  that  Hector  or  Lancelot's  doings.     Away  with  them,  they  arc  over- 
bold to  press  among  this  company,  for  our  matter  is  to  be  decided  by  valiant  and 
stout    stomachs   of  prudent  and  wise  men  of  warr,  practised  in  the  same    faculty, 
and   not  matters    of  law,    nor  matters   of  religion.'      The  Baron  of  Delvin.  called 
Richard,  said,  his  learning  was  not  such  that  with    a   glorious   tale  he  could  utter 
his  stomach  ;  '  but  I  promise  to  God  and  to  the  Prince,   I  shall  be   the  first  that 
shall  throw  the  first  speare  among  the  Irish  in  this  battle.     Let  him  speak  now 
that  will,  for  I  have  done.'     The  lord  of  Gormanston  said,  that  it  was  good   I 
advised  what  was  to  be  done;  'for,  after  a  good  advisement,  there  ?hall  come  a  . 
end,  for  a  hasty  man  never  lacked  woe.     Let  us  understand  the  matter  ere  m 
the  weighty  matter  in   hand  ;  for  many  perills  may  fall  unless  wee  take  the 
hold  thereof.     Let  us  understand  the  quarrell  again,  and  debate  the  matter  whether 
we  shall  proceed  or  no  ere  wee  begin;  and  let  the  King  be  privy  to  this  weighty  and 
uncertain  enterprise,  for  wee  may  put  the  whole  realm  in  hazard  if  wee  speed  not 
well,  for  I  understand  that  they  arc  many  against  us,  and  this  is  >o  much  as  I  at  this 
time  mean  to  say.' 

"  This  counsaill  was  at  three  of  the  clock  in  the  afternoon  before  the  day  of  battle, 
then  within  a  few  miles  from  the  field  appointed.     Sir  Nicholas,  lord  of  Houth. 
'  The  sayings  of  O'Neill  and  O'Connor  are  not  to  be  disallowed.  Let  it  be  as  they 
said.     And  my  lord  of  Gormanston's  opinion  is  good,  so  it  had  been  spoke   before 
our  coming  to  the  field;  and  for  that,  here  is  my  opinion,  seeing  the  time  is  short:' 
for  at  this  time  appeared  upon  a  hill  above  two  hundred  horsemen.     When 
Gerot,  the  Earl's  son,  would  have  been  at  them,  and  asked  of  the  counsell  to 
them;  but  the  lords  of  the  councell  said  that  none  should  go  until  they  had  gone  all; 
and,  so  staid  this  lusty  and  worthy  gentleman,  at  which  young  Gerot  was  very  sorry, 
as  though  he  never  should  have  his  fill  of  fighting.  '  Well,'  said  the  Lord  of  Howth.  '  to 
answer  the  Lord  of  Gormanston,  this  matter  was  determined  before  we  came  hither 
deliberately  by  the  councill,  and  if  it  were  not,  the  time  is  not  now  to  ar^ue  die 
our  enemies  being  in  sight;  and  for  the  displeasure  of  our  Prince,  if  wee  win  this  battle. 


15l 

as  I  am  sure  we  shall,  though  the  King  frown  a  little  with  his  countenance,  his  heart 
will  rejoice.  And  admit  he  will  be  offended  upon  losing  this  field,  he  that  shall  live 
let  him  beare  the  blame  or  burthen,  as  for  my  part  I  am  assured  to  win  this  battle  or 
to  loose  my  life,  and  then  all  the  world  is  gone  with  me,  vayell  que  vayell  pourya, 
for  I  will  be  afoot  in  the  wayward  that  day  myself.  But  to  the  matter.  Let  us 
send  away  our  sons  and  heires  to  revenge  our  quarrell,  if  need  so  require;  and  pre- 
scribe our  battles  in  perfect  order  this  night,  that  every  man  shall  know  to-morrow 
his  charge.  For  it  is  not  when  we  shall  go  to  fight,  that  we  should  be  troubled  with 
discussing  the  matter.' 

"  '  Well,'  sayed  the  Earle,  '  my  dear  cousin,  you  have  well  spoken;  be  it  as  you 
now  have  said.'  '  No,'  said  young  Gerot  the  Earl's  son,  '  by  God's  blood  I  will  not  go 
hence  and  leave  so  many  of  my  friends  in  battle,  for  I  mean  to  live  and  die  among 
you.'  '  All  well,'  said  the  Lord  of  Houth,  '  boy,  thou  speakest  natural,  for  ever  this 
kind  is  such  from  this  first  generation,  and  first  coming  into  Ireland,  so  thou  art  to 
be  born  withall,  thou  worthy  gentleman  and  lyon's  heart.'  The  lords  of  Killeen  and 
Trimelston  thought  the  number  of  Irishmen  to  be  very  great,  as  they  were  certainly 
informed  by  certain  spies,  which  brought  them  word,  that  the  number  of  the  English 
side  were  not  the  sixth  man  to  a  man ;  and  said  in  plain  terms,  '  that  a  good  giving 
back  were  better  than  an  evill  standing,  and  in  further  time  better  provision  might 
be  made  to  serve  such  a  turn.'  '  It  is  well  spoken,'  said  the  Baron  of  Slane,  and 
Lord  of  Dunsany.  '  Good  God,'  said  the  Lord  of  Houth,  '  by  our  Lady  that  is  blessed 
in  the  north  church  of  Houth,  you  four  might  have  spoken  those  words  in  some 
other  ground  than  this  is,  and  our  enemies  now  being  in  sight,  and  the  night  at  hand.' 

"  '  Well,'  said  the  Earl,  '  call  me  the  Captain  of  the  Gallowglass,  for  he  and  his 
shall  begin  this  game,  for  it  is  less  fair  of  them  four,  than  it  is  of  our  younger  men.' 
'  I  am  glad,  said  the  Captain,  '  you  can  do  me  no  more  honour ;'  and  took  his  axe  in 
his  hand  and  began  to  flourish.  '  No,'  said  the  Lord  of  Houth,  '  I  will  be  the 
beginner  of  this  dance,  and  my  kinsmen  and  friends ;  for  we  will  not  hazard  our 
English  good  upon  the  Irish  blood.  Howbeit  it  is  well  spoken  by  the  Captaine  of 
the  Gallowglass,  nor  shall  they  not  be  mixed  among  us.'  Then  all  things  was 
according  to  the  matter  prepared;  the  bowmen  put  in  two  wings,  of  which  the  Lord 
of  Gormanston  and  Killeen  had  the  charge,  being  good  men  that  day.  The  bill-men 
in  the  main  battle,  of  which  the  Lord  of  Houth  was  leader;  and  in  the  wayward 
himself.  The  Gallowglass  and  the  Irish  in  another  quarter.  The  horsemen  on  the 
left  side  the  battle,  under  the  guiding  of  the  worthy  Baron  of  Delvin,  by  reason 
there  was  a  little  wall  of  two  foot  high  of  the  other  side  the  battle,  which  would 
somewhat  have  troubled  the  horse.      After  all  things  put  in  order,  they  went  to 

supper, 


J52 

supper,  and  after,  their  lodging  to  rest  the  residue  of  the  night.     The  ground  was 
appointed,  and  all  such  things  as  were  necessary  for  such  a  purpose. 

"  At  midnight,  a  horseman  came  from  the  Irish  camp  to  the  Earl,  and  willed  him 
to  get  him  away,  and  save  his  life;  and  said,  it  was  but  folly  to  fight.  For  this  man 
was,  afore  this  time,  a  horse-boy  to  the  Earl,  and  gave  him  first  horses.  The  Earl 
came  incontinent  to  the  Lord  of  Houth,  being  in  a  sound  sleep,  to  tell  it  him,  and  a 
long  while  he  was  e're  he  could  wake  him,  for  he  called  upon  him  divers  times;  at 
which  the  Earl  marvelled,  for  he  could  not  awake  him  by  his  voice,  he  slept  BO  sound: 
and  at  length  he  awoke  by  stirring  of  hint,  and  blamed  him,  who  answered,  that 
all  things  before  were  determined  in  his  mind,  and  so  nothing  else  in  hie  mind  to 
trouble  him  but  sleepe.  '  For  it  must  be  ours  or  theirs,'  said  the  Lord  of  li 
'  therefore  my  mind  is  settled,  but  before  this  I  could  net  rest  well.'  '  V, 
the  Earl,  'how  is  the  business?  This  man  is  come  to  me  as  a  trusty  friend,"  and  so 
told  the  whole  matter,  as  he  told  the  Earl  before.  '  Well,'  said  the  Lord  of  Houth, 
'  suffer  him  to  pass,  and  I  pray  you  tell  this  tale  to  no  more,  for  it  will  rather  do 
harm  than  good.'  And  with  that  he  arose  and  incontinent  after  the  day  appeared. 
And  so  they  went  and  prepared  themselves  in  good  order  of  battle,  and  did  appoint 
young  Gerot,  a  valiant  young  gentleman,  with  a  choice  company  for  relieJ 
so  great  a  number  of  enemies  would  inclose  them  about  in  number 

than  the  Irish,  as  O'Kelly,  Mc  William,  O'Brene,  and  the  r< 

"All  that  night  was  watching,  ami  drinking,  and  playing  at  cards,  who  should 
have  this  prisoner  or  that  prisoner,  and  thus  they  passed  the  night  over :  and  at  nv 
they  prepared  for  battle,  in  such  order  as  their  custom  was.     They  setl  forward  their 
Gallowglass  and  footmen  in  one  main  battle,  and  all  their  horse  on  their  left  side,  and 
so  came  on.     The  Earl  of  Kildare,  after  his  battle  set,  willed  that   they  should 
within  that  little  wall   of  two  foot  high,  that  was  made  afore  by  those  that  dwelt 
there  for  safeguard  of  their  horses;  and  rode  upon  a  black  horse,  and  madi 
oration  : 

"  4  My  friends  and  kinsmen,  I  say  to  you  that  here  is  against  us  a  great  uu: 
of  people,  without  weapons;  for  a  great  number  of  them  have  but  one  speare  and  a 
knife,  without  wisdom  or  good  order,  they  march  to  battle  as  drunken  as  swine  to 
a  trough,  which  makes  them  more  rash  and  foolish  men,  than  wise  and  valiant. 
Remember  all  that  wee  have  done  rests  upon  this  day's  service;  and  also  the  honour 
of  our  Prince,  and  remember  how  we  are  in  a  country  unknown  to  the  most  number 
of  us,  and  farr  from  our  townes  and  castles.'  The  Earl  did  not  well  finish  these 
words,  when  they  heard  three  great  cries  that  disturbed  his  oration.  A  company  of 
tall  worthy  gentlemen  being  in  the  fore  part  of  the  English  battle,  amongst  all  was 

Hollywood 


^3 

Hollywood  of  Artain,  which  seldom  heard  the  like.  '  What  meaneth  this  cry,'  said 
he,  '  do  they  think  that  we  are  crows  that  we  will  fly  with  crying ;'  and  sware  by  the 
holy  St.  Nicholas  that  blesses  Artain,  '  they  shall  find  lis  men  ere  we  depart.'  With 
that,  the  Irish  gallowglass  came  on,  to  whom  the  English  archers  lent  such  a  shower 
of  arrows,  that  their  weapons  and  their  hands  were  fastened  together.  Mc  Swine, 
captain  of  the  Irish  gallowglass,  came  foremost,  and  asked  where  was  great  Darcy  ? 
Darcy  answered  that  he  was  at  hand,  which  he  should  well  understand.  With  that, 
Mc  Swine  struck  Darcy  such  a  blow  upon  the  helmet  that  he  put  him  upon  his  knees. 
With  that,  Nangle,  Baron  of  the  Nowan,  being  a  lusty  gentleman,  that  day  gave 
Mc  Swine  such  payment,  that  he  was  satisfied  ever  after.  They  fought  terrible  and 
bould  awhile.  The  Irish  fled,  among  whom  there  came  a  horseman  running  among 
the  English,  and  asked  who  had  the  Earl  of  Kildare  and  the  rest  of  the  lords  of  the 
English  Pale  prisoners.  With  that  one  Skynvors  \_Squyvors  in  another  cop?/'],  a  souldier 
out  of  Dublin,  struck  him  with  a  gun,  with  both  his  hands,  and  so  let  out  his  brains. 
The  young  Gerotthis  time  being  left  for  reliefe,  seeing  the  battle  join,  could  not  stand 
still  to  wait  his  time,  as  he  was  appointed  by  the  Earl  his  father,  but  set  on  with  the 
foremost,  in  such  sort  that  no  man  alive  could  do  better  with  his  own  hands,  than  he 
did  that  day,  for  manhood  of  a  man.  But  by  reason  of  his  hastyness  not  tarrying  in 
the  place  appointed,  all  the  English  carriage  was  taken  by  the  Irish  horse,  and  a  few 
of  the  English  gentlemen  taken  prisoners  that  was  on  that  side  the  battle.  When  the 
battle  was  done,  and  a  great  number  of  Irish  slain,  as  it  was  reported  nine  thousand, 
the  Lord  of  Gormanston  said  to  the  Earl,  '  Wee  have  done  one  good  work,  and  if  wee 
do  the  other  wee  should  do  well.'  Being  asked  what  he  meant,  sayed  he,  '  wee  have, 
for  the  most  number,  killed  our  enemies ;  and  if  wee  do  the  like  with  all  the  Irishmen 
that  wee  have  with  us,  it  were  a  good  deed.' 

"  This  battle  was  fought  the  19th  day  of  August,  1504,  at  Knocktow,  which  is 
from  Galway  5  miles.  The  hill  is  not  high  but  a  great  plain.  The  greatest  of  the 
Irish  was  Eichard  Burke,  father  to  Ulick  ne  Kyen.  Mc  William  Eytragh,  that  is  also 
of  the  Bourkes,  at  this  time  was  with  the  Earl.  The  O'Briens  was  with  Mc  William. 
The  Baron  of  Delvin,  a  little  before  the  joining  of  the  battle,  took  his  horse  with  his 
spurs,  and  threw  a  small  spear  among  the  Irish,  and  slew  by  chance  one  of  the  Bourkes, 
and  returned.  The  Earl  said  to  him  that  he  kept  promise  well,  and  well  did  and 
worthy,  saving  that  after  his  throw  he  retired  back.  After,  they  went  to  Galway, 
where  the  Irish  gathered  again,  and  said  they  would  give  to  the  Earl  another  field ; 
but  they  durst  not  ever  fight  a  battle  with  the  English  Pale.  The  Earl  bestowed  30 
tun  of  wine  among  the  army.  There  was  a  sore  fight  after  between  Mc  William  east, 
and  Mc William  of  the  west.  By  reason  at  that  field  aforesaid,  they  held  not  together ; 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.  NO.   1 5.  X  but 


*54 

but  he  of  the  east  had  the  worse.    The  Earl  of  Kildare  was  made  knight  of  the  garter, 
after  the  fight  of  Knocktow." 

The  foregoing  description  of  the  celebrated  "  field  ofKnocktoe,"  in  the  old  histori- 
cal romance  style,  was  apparently  penned  by  a  friend  or  retainer  of  the  Howth  family 
(probably  some  troubadour  of  the  Pale),  who  flattered  his  patrons,  but  perverted  the 
truth.  That  the  narrator  was  ignorant  of  many  leading  facts  connected  with  the 
subject,  or  that  he  has  wilfully  misrepresented  them,  appears  from  contemporaneous 
evidence  of  the  highest  authority.  Thus,  he  has  described  the  An;_do-Norman  Clan- 
rickard  as  a  mere  Irishman ;  and  has  next  asserted  that  "  O'Neill"  was  engaged  in 
the  battle,  on  the  side  of  the  lord  deputy ;  but  the  contrary  of  this  is  recorded  in  the 
Annals  of  Ulster,  A.  D.  1504.  Thither  (to  Knocktow)  "went  O'DonneL  O'Reilly.  Mac 
Mahon,  O'Farrell,  O'Connor  Faly,  and  all  the  Gaedhil  of  Leath  Chuinn,  eif 
O'Neill,  alone, — 7  ^aeoil  leice  Cuinn  uile,  ace  rhuo  O'Neill  urhuin."  See  the  copy 
of  these  Annals  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  Ware  reduces  the  number 
of  slain  at  Knocktow,  from  nine  thousand  to  two  thousand. — Annals,  A.  D.  1504.  The 
speeches  attributed  to  the  leaders,  and  the  night  scene  between  II'  wth  and  Kildare. 
are  all  imaginary,  and  well  adapted  for  dramatic  representation. 

The  Book  of  Howth,  from  which  the  narrative  has  been  taken,  is  a 
compilation  of  the  sixteenth  century ;  supposed  to  have  been  made  for  Christopher, 
the  blind  Baron  of  Howth,  who  died  A.  D.  1 589 ;  and  who  was  grandson  of  that  "  lord 
of  Howth,"  who  is  said  to  have  performed  so  conspicuous  a  part  in  the  battle.     This 
book,  for  more  than  a  century  past,  was  supposed  to  be  lost,  but  it  has  been  re 
discovered  by  Mr.  O'Donovan,  among  the  Carew  MSS.  preserved  in  the  library  of  his 
Grace  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,   at  Lambeth,    London,  where  it  lay  catal   1 
under  a  wrong  title.     The  recovery  of  this  book  may  be  useful,  if  onl  j 
origin  of  those  fables,  which  Hanmer,  Stanihurst,  Cox,  Leland,  and  other  writers  have 
advanced  as  true  historical  facts.     From  it,  Hanmer  published  his  accoi. 
John  De  Courcy,  and  Sir  Armoric  St.  Lawrence,  ancestor  of  the  Howth  family.     It 
likewise  appears  to  have  been  consulted  by  Ussher  and  Wai         S  •   MS.  F.  4,  4. 

Trinity  College  Library,  Dublin.     Also  F.  4,  30,  for   "Extracts  out  of  the  Book  of 
Howth,  penes  Thomas  Stafford,  Esq.,  very  false  in  many  particulars."     By  those  best 
acquainted  with  our  records  and  history,  it  has  never  been  considered  of  authorir 
held  in  any  other  light  than  as  a  compilation  of  Anglo-Irish  fables,  ini 
and  anruse  the  inhabitants  of  the  Pale. 

NOTE  C.     Seepage  3,  note  c.     "  EnachJun." 

In  the  sixth  century,  Aodha,  the  son  of  Eochy  Tirmcharna.  King  of  Connai.  _ 

bestowed  Enachdun  on  God  and  Breanuinn  (St  Brendan  of  Clonfert).   "  Qoda  mux 


l55 

Garac  Ciopmcapna  riiic  pheapjupa  po  chioonuic  Gunacouin  do  tDhia  ajup  oo 
61ipeanuinn  ap  cup." — Book  of  Balli/mote,  p.  54.  The  first  ecclesiastical  foundation 
here  was  a  nunnery  of  canonesses  of  the  order  of  St.  Augustine,  dedicated  to  the  Blessed 
Virgin  Mary  (Ware),  established  by  St.  Brendan,  who  placed  his  sister  Briga  over  it; 
and  died  here  himself,  according  to  the  Annals  of  Tigernach,  in  A.  D.  577 ;  but  according 
to  the  Four  Masters  (who  here  anticipate  the  common  era  by  one  year)  on  the  16th 
of  May,  A.  D.  576.  See  Ussher,  in  Primord.  p.  955,  who  states  that  Enachdun  was 
"  in  provincia  Connachtarum  in  plebe  HiiahruinP  An  abbey  of  Canons  Eegular,  or 
Prsemonstratenses  of  the  order  of  St.  Augustine,  was  also  founded  here  at  an  early 
period  (  Ware),  but  by  whom  is  not  stated.  Enachdun  was  afterwards  erected  into  a 
bishop's  see,  probably  by  the  chiefs  of  Hy-Briuin  Seola,  the  progenitors  of  the  O'Fla- 
herties ;  but  there  is  no  regular  list  or  account  extant  of  its  ancient  bishops.  It  is  not 
named  among  the  five  sees  of  Connaught  regulated  at  the  synod  held  at  Bath  Breasaill, 
in  Leaghes  (the present  Queen's  County),  A.  D.  mo.  Those  sees  were:  1.  Tuaim  da 
Gualan;  2.  Cloinefeart  Brenuin;  3.  Conga;  4.  Cilalladh;  5.  Ardcharna.  The  see  of 
Cong  soon  after  this  ceased ;  or,  as  is  most  likely,  the  episcopal  chair  was  transferred 
to  Enachdun,  which  is  but  a  few  miles  distant.  This  synod  made  the  following  decree 
respecting  Connaught:  "If  the  clergy  of  Connaught  be  satisfied  with  the  division,  we 
are  well  pleased,  but  if  not,  let  the  division  be  made  according  to  their  own  pleasure; 
onlie  they  shall  have  but  five  bishops  in  the  province  of  Connaught."  Harris,  in 
Ware,  was  in  the  dark  with  respect  to  this  synod;  and  even  Dr.  Lanigan  himself 
appears  not  to  have  been  fully  informed  on  the  stibject.  Seech.  25,  ss.  13,  14.  An 
account  of  this  synod  will  be  found  in  an  old  unpublished  History  of  Ireland,  preserved 
in  manuscript  in  the  Library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  Dublin.  Ware,  in  his 
Antiq.,  cap.  xvi.  mentions  exantiquo  codice,  "Tuathal  O'Connaigtaigepiscopus  Huam- 
bruin,  i.  Enachdunensis,"  as  present  at  the  synod  of  Kells,  A.  D.  1152,  but  Ware's 
explanation  of  Huambruin  by  Enachdun  is  doubtful;  besides,  no  such  bishop  appears 
in  the  lists  of  Keating  or  Colgan,  which  are  acknowledged  accurate.  Ware  also  states, 
in  his  Annals,  since  the  coming  of  the  English,  that  Concors,  Bishop  of  Enachdun, 
with  other  Irish  prelates,  was  present  at  the  British  Council  held  in  A.  D.  1 189.  See 
also  Lanigan,  c.  31,  s.  7.  At  A.  D.  1201,  the  Four  Masters  record  the  death  of  Conn 
O'Mellaigh  (C-'Malle?/),   bishop  of  this   see,   and  a  bright  ornament  of  the  Church. 

A.  D.  1238,  the  Cloic  Ceac,  tower  or  steeple  of  Enachdun,  was  built Id.;  but  no 

trace  of  it  now  remains.     A.  D.  1241,  Muircheartach  O'Flaherty,  Bishop  of  Enachdun, 

died — Id.     A.  D.  1 250,  Thomas  O'Meallaigh,   Bishop  of  Enachdun,  died Id.     On 

the  death  of  the  latter,  Bishop  Concord  was  consecrated,  but  Florence  Mac  Flin,  Arch- 
bishop of  Tuam,  entered  on  the  see,  and  retained  it  against  him.    See  Harris  in  Ware, 

X  2  who 


i56 

quotes  from  Prynne  some  of  the  documents  connected  with  this  long  continued  dispute, 
particularly  Archbishop  Mac  Fliu's  extraordinary  petition  to  Hen.  III.  A.  D.  1251, 
which  states  that  "  the  church  of  Enachduin  was  but  a  parish  church  belonging  to 
Tuam."  In  A.  D.  1268,  Hugh,  the  son  of  Connor  O'Flaherty,  official  of  Enachdun, 
died. — Four  Masters.  By  the  Close  Eoll,  2  Edw.  II.,  A.  D.  1309,  it  appear;  that  one 
Gilbert,  a  Friar  Minor,  was  elected  to  this  see  by  the  Dean  and  Chapter,  but  without 
license;  and  that  the  King,  for  a  fine  of  £300,  restored  the  temporalities. — Calendar, 
p.  7,  No.  12.  This  bishop  is  not  mentioned  by  Ware,  Harris,  or  Lanigan.  In  A.  D. 
1328,  Thomas  O'Malley,  Bishop  of  Enachdun,  died  at  Rome,  according  to  the  Four 
Masters;  but  the  Annals  of  Loughkee,  quoted  by  Ware,  state  that  he  died  at  Avignon, 
in  A.  D.  1328,  which  was  after  the  union  of  the  see  of  Enachdun  to  Tuam. — Ware. 
In  A.  D.  1400,  the  church  of  Annadown  (EnacJidun),  was  built  by  O'Flaherty  (llnuh 
Mor),  chief  of  his  name. — See  an  entry  to  that  effect  in  the  Herald's  Office.  Dublin ; 
but  it  is  probable  that  the  church  was  only  repaired,  or  partially  re-edified,  at  the 
time.  In  A.  D.  141 1,  the  monastery  was  burned. — Four  Masti  ra  In  A.  D.  1484  the 
parish  church  of  St.  Nicholas  of  the  town  of  Galway,  being  in  the  diocese  of  Enachdun, 
was  erected  into  a  collegiate  church,  and  endowed  with  several  ecclesiastical  benefices 

which  formerly  belonged  to  that  see Hist.  Galway,  p.  234     Alter  the  Suppree 

the  possessions  of  Enachdun  were  granted   to  the  Earl  of  Clanricarde  and  otii 
Archdall,  789.     All  the  buildings  there  are  now  in  ruins. 

The  following  Bulls  of  Popes  Innocent  VIII.,  Alexander  VI..  and  Julius  II..  A.  D. 
1487-1511,  relating  to  the  diocess  of  Enachdun,  have  been  transcribed  by  the  Editor 
from  the  originals  preserved  in  the  old  Collegiate  Library  of  Galway :  and  tl. 
inserted  for  the  cogent  reason  assigned  by  De  Burgo,  for  introducing  similar  docu- 
ments: "Ne  pro  consueto  Hibernorum  infortunio,  ne  dicam  negligentia.  prorsus  de 
memoria  hominum  deleantur." — Hib.  hum.  p.  440. 

I. 

"  Bulla  pro  Par.  de  Gnowceg,  A.  D.  1487 
"  Lecta  in  audientia.     A  Zenus,  locum  tenen- 

"Innoceutius  episcopus  servus  servorum  Dei,  dilectis  filiis  Johanni  de  Burgo  et 
Nemee  Magnelly  canonicis  ecclesie  Enachdunensis  ac  officialibus  Enachdunensibus,  salu- 
tem  et  apostolicam  benedictionem.  Apostolice  sedis  providentia  circumspecta  ad  ea 
libenter  intendit  per  que  in  singulis  ecclesiis  continue  benedicatur  altissimus,  ac  per- 
sone  ecclesiastice  in  illis  divinis  laudibus  insisteutes.  temporalium  rerum.  sine  quibus 
spiritualia  diu  subsistere  non  possunt,  ubertate  fxuantur.     Cum  itaque.  sicut  acce- 

pimus. 


^57 

pinms,  rectoria  parrochialium  ecclesiarum  de  Gnobeg,  Enachdunensis  diocesis,  invicem 
unitaram  que  de  jure  patronatus  laicorum  existet,  ex  eo  quod  dilectus  films  Mauritius 
Offlaghart,  olim  rectoriam  predictam,  tunc  certo  modo  vacantem  et  canonice  sibi  colla- 
tam,  assecutus,  illamque  per  annum  et  amplius  pacifice  possidens,  se  non  fecit,  impedi- 
mento  cessante  legitimo,  nullaque  per  eum  super  hoc  dispensacione  obtenta  ad  aliquem 
ex  sacris  ordinibus  promoveri,  vacet  ad  presens,  et  tanto  tempore  vacaverit  quod  ejus 
collatio,  juxta  Lateranensis  statuta  concilii,  est  ad  sedem  predictam  legitime  devoluta, 
licet  prefatus  Mauritius,  rectoriam  predictam,  sic  vacante,  nullo  titulo,  nullove  juris 
adminiculo  sibi  de  novo  quesito,  sed  temeritate  propria  et  de  facto  per  nonnullos  annos 
detinuerit,  prout  adhuc  detinet  indebite  occupatam.  Et  ut  exhibita  nobis  nuper,  pro 
parte  dilectorum  filiorum  moderni  rectoris,  Guardiani  nuncupati,  et  octo  presbiterorum 
ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai  ville  Gallvie,  dicte  diocesis,  inibi  inter  se  collegium  auctoritate 
apostolica  constituentium,  petitio  continebat  si  rectoria  predicta  masse  communium 
fructuum,  reddituum  et  proventuum  dicte  ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai,  qui  inter  rectorem 
et  octo  presbiteros  prelates,  qui  inibi  juxta  dicti  collegii  institucionem  in  divinis 
deservire  tenentur,  dividuntur,  et  ad  ipsorum  sustentacionem  non  sufficient,  perpetuo 
uniretur,  annecteretur,  et  incorporaretur,  ex  hoc  profecto  commoditatibus  rectoris  et 
octo  presbiterorum  predictorum  plurimum  consuleretur,  pro  parte  rectoris  et  presbi- 
terorum offerentium  masse  quadraginta,  et  rectorie  predictarum  duodecim  marcharum 
sterlingorum  fructus,  redditus  et  proventus,  secundum  communem  estimationem  valo- 
rem annuuin  non  excedere,  nobis  fuit  humiliter  supplicatum,  ut  rectoriam  predictam 
eidem  masse  perpetuo  unire,  annectere  et  incorporare,  aliasque  in  premissis  oportune 
providere,  de  benignitate  apostolica  dignaremur.  Nos  igitur,  qui  dudum  inter  alia, 
voluimus,  statuimus  et  ordinavimus,  quod  quicunque  beneficium  ecclesiasticum  tunc 
per  annum  immediate  precedentem  pacifice  possessum,  et  quod  certo  modo  vacare  pre- 
tenderet,  deinceps  impetraret  quot  annis  illud  ipse  possessor  possedisset  in  hujusmodi 
impetratione  exprimere  deberet  et  teneretur,  alioquin  impetracio  predicta,  et  quecuu- 
que  indesecuta,  nullius  existerent  firmitatis,  quamque  de  predictis  certam  noticiam  non 
habemus,  prefatos  rectorem  et  presbiteros  ac  eorum  singulos  a  quibus  excommunica- 
tionis,  suspensionis  et  interdicti,  aliisque  ecclesiasticis  sentenciis,  censuris  et  penis,  a 
jure  vel  ab  homine,  qua  vis  occasione  vel  causa  latis,  si  quibus  quomodolibet  innodati 
existunt,  ad  effectum  presentium  duntaxat  consequendum,  harumserie  absolventes,  et 
absolutes  fore  censentes,  necnon  tempus  per  quod  prefatus  Mauritius  dictam  rectoriam 
detinuit  pro  expresso  habentes,  hujusmodi  supplicationibus  inclinati,  discretioni  vestre, 
per  apostolica  scripta,  mandamus,  quatenus  vos  vel  duo  aut  unus  vestrum,  si  vocatis 
dicto  Mauritio  et  aliis  qui  fuerint  evocandi,  rectoriam  predictam,  ut  premittitur,  vel 
alias  quovis  modo  aut  ex  alter ius  cujuscunque  persona,  seu  per  liberam  resignationem 

dicti 


i58 

dicti  Mauritii,  vel  alicujus  alterius  de  ilia  extra  Romanam  Curiam,  etiarn  coram  notario 
publico  et  testibus  sponte  factam,  aut  constitutionem  felicis  recordationis  Johannis 
Pape  XXIL,  predecessoris  nostri,  que  incipit  '  Execrabilis,'  vel  assecutionem  alterius 
beneficii  ecclesiastici,  ordinaria  auctoritate,  collati,  vacare  et  quoad  unionem  hujus- 
modi  premissa  fore  vera  reppereritis  rectoriam  predictam,  etiam  si  disposition!  si 
lice  specialiter  reservata  existat,  et  super  ea  inter  aliquos  lis  cujus  statum  presentibus 
haberi  volumus,  pro  expresso  pendeat  indecisa,  dummodo  tempore  dati  presentium  non 
sit  in  ea  alicui  jus  specialiter  quesitum,  et  ad  id  dictorum  patronorum  et  aliorum, 
quorum  interest,  expressus  accedat  assensus,  cum  omnibus  juribus  et  pertinenciis 
suis,  eidem  masse,  auctoritate  nostra,  perpetuo  unire,  annectere  et  incorporare  curetis. 
Ita  quod  liceat  extunc  rectori  et  presbiteris  prefatis,  per  6e  vel  alium  seu  alios, 
corporalem  rector ie,  juriumque  et  pertinenciarum  predictorum,  possessionem  propria 
auctoritate  libere  apprehendere  ac  perpetuo  retinere,  illorumque  fructus,  redditus  et 
proventus  in  suos  ac  masse  et  rectorie  predictorum  usus  utilitatemque  convertere. 
diocesani  loci  et  cujusvis  alterius  licentia,  alias  super  hoc  minime  requisite.  Hon  ob- 
stantibus  voluntate,  statuto  et  ordinacione  nostris  predictis.  ac  pie  memorie  Bonifacii 
Pape  VIII.  etiam  predecessoris  nostri,  et  aliis  apostolicis  constitutionibus  contrariis 
quibuscunque.    Aut  si  aliqui  super  provisionibus  sibi  faciendis,  de  hup  1  aliis 

beneficiis  eccle»ia>tieis  in  illis  partibus,  speciales  vel  generates,  diet'  iegatorum 

ejus  litteras  impetrarint,  etiam  si  per  eas  ad  inhibitionem,  r  -•  i  .  utionem  et  decretum, 
vel  alias  quomodolibet  sit  processum,  quae  qoidem   litt>-ras  et  processus  fa 
easdem  ac  indesecuta  quecunque  ad  rectoriam  hujusmodi  volumus  non  extern 
nullum  per  hoc  eis,  quo  ad  assecutionem  beneficiorum  aliorum,  prejudkium  generari, 
et  quibuslibet  aliis  privilegiis,  indulgentiis  et  litteris  apostoli(     .    _  -      1  spe- 

cialibus,  quorumcunque  tenorum  existent,  per  que  presentibus  non  e.\;  I  tota- 

liter  non  inserta,  effectus  earum  impediri  valeat  quoniodoliKt  vel  differri.  et  de  quibus 
quorumque  totis  tenoribus  habenda  sit  in  nostris  litteris  mencio  specialis.     1 ' 
qood  propter  unionem,  annexionem  et  incorporationem  predictas,  si  ille,  vigore  ] 
tium,  fiant,  et  effectual  sorciuntur,  dicta  rectoria  debitis  non  fraudetur  obseqi. 
animarum  cura  in  ea  nullatenus  negligatur,  sed  ejus  cougrue  supportentur  onera  con- 
sueta.     Nos  enim  ex  nunc  irritum  decemimus  et  inane,  si  secus  super  hiis  a  quoquam, 
quavis  auctoritate,  scienter  vel  ignoranter,  contigerit  attempteri.     Datum  Rome  apud 
Sanctum  Petrum,  Anno  Incarnationis  Domiuice,  millesimo,  quadringentesimo  octua- 
gesimo  septimo.     Quarto  Idus  Februarii,  Pontiiicatu>  nostri  anno  quarto." 

[SvA plumbeo sigiBo pendente  a  filo  canabeo~\. 


*59 

ii. 

"  Bulla  pro  Skryne  et  Muchulin,  A.  D.  i^gz. 

"  Innocentius  episcopus,  servus  servorum  Dei,  ad  perpetuam  rei  memoriam.  Ex 
injuncto  nobis  de  super  apostolice  servitutis  officio,  ed  ea  libenter  intendimus,  per  que 
personarum  ecclesiasticarum,  presertim  in  ecclesiis  quibuslibet  divinis  laudibus  insis- 
tencium,  commodo  et  utilitati  consuli  possit,  et  hiis  que  propterea  perinde  facta  fuisse 
dicuntur,  ut  firma  perpetuo  et  illibatu  persistant  libenter,  cum  a  nobis  petitur,  apos- 
tolici  adjicirnus  muniminis  flrmitatem.  Sane  pro  parte  dilectorum  filiorum,  universo- 
rum  presbiterorum  et  clericorum  ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai  ville  Galvie,  Enachdunensis 
diocesis,  nobis  nuper  exhibita  petitio  continebat:  quod  alim  perpetuis  vicariis  parrochi- 
alium  ecclesiarum  de  Shejne  et  Maguily^,  Tuamensis  et  dicte  Enachdunensis  diocesum, 
tunc  certo  modo  vacantibus,  venerabilis  frater  noster  modernus  Archiepiscopus  Tua- 
mensis, et  Episcopus  Enachdunensis  attendens  exilitatem  fructuum,  reddituum  et 
proventuum  collegii  presbiterorum  et  clericorum  predictorum,  qui  in  dicta  ecclesia 
Sancti  Nicholai  continue  divinis  ofnciis  insistunt,  vicarias  predictas,  sic  vacantes, 
eidem  collegio,  ordinaria  auctoritate,  perpetuo  univit,  annexuit  et  incorporavit,  prout 
in  quibusdam  litteris  autenticis  dicti  Archiepiscopi  et  Episcopi  desuper  confectis,  dicitur 
plenius  contineri.  Cum  autem,  sicut  eadem  petitio  subjungebat,  a  nonnullis  de  juribus 
unionis,  annexionis  et  incorporationis  predictarum  beneficetur,  pro  parte  presbiterorum 
et  clericorum  predictorum  asserentium,  quod  ipsi  unionis,  annexionis  et  incorporationis 
predictarum  vigore,  dictarum  vicariarum  possessionem  assecuti  fuerunt,  quodque 
fructus,  redditus  et  proventus  dictarum  vicariarum  quatuordecim  marcharum  sterlin- 
gorum,  secundum  communem  extimacionem,  valorem  annuum  non  excedunt,  nobis  fuit 
humiliter  supplicatum  ut  unioni,  annexioni  et  incorporationi  predictis,  pro  illaruni 
subsistencia  firmiori,  robur  apostolice  confirmacionis  adducere,  ac  potiori  pro  cautela 
dictas  vicarias  eidem  Collegio  de  novo  perpetuo  unire,  annectere  et  incorporare,-  alias- 
que  in  premissis  oportune  providere,  de  benignitate  apostolica  dignaremur.  Nos  igitur, 
qui  dudum  inter  alia  volumus,quodpetentes  beneficia  ecclesiastica  aliis  uniri  tenerentur 
exprimere  verum  valorem,  secundum  commuuem  extimationem  etiam  beneficii  cui 
aliud  uniri  peteretur.  Alioquin  unio  non  valeret,  et  semper  in  unionibus  comissio 
neret  ad  partes  vocatis  quorum  interesset,  et  idem  observaretur  in  confirmationibus 
unionum  factarum,  prefatos  presbiteros  et  clericos  eorumque  singulos  a  quibusvis  ex- 
communicationis,  suspensionis  et  interdicti,  aliisque  ecclesiasticis  sententiis,  censuris  et 
penis,  a  jure  vel  ab  homine  quavis  occasione  vel  causa  latis,  si  quibus  quomodolibet 
innodati  existunt,  ad  effectum  presentium  duntaxat  consequendum  harum  serie,  absol- 
ventes,  et  absolutos  fore  censentes,  ac  verum  ultime  dictarum  vicariarum  vacationis 

modum 


i6o 

modum,  etiam  si  ex  illo  quevis  generalis  reservatio  resultet,  ac  fructuum,  reddituum 
et  proventuum  illarum  verum  annuum  valorem,  presentibus  pro  expressis  hal^entes, 
hujusmodi  supplicacionibus  inclinati,  unionem,  annexionem  et  incorporationem  pre- 
dictas,  ac  prout  illas  concernunt  omnia  et  singula  in  dictis  litteris  contenta,  et  inde 
secuta  quecunque,  auctoritate  apostolica,  tenore  presentium,  approbamus  et  confir- 
mamus,  ac,  presentis  scripti  patrocinio,  communimus,  supplentes  omnes  et  singulos 
defectus,  si  qui  forsan  intervenerint  in  eisdem.  Et  nichilominus  potiori  pro  cautela, 
vicarias  predictas,  quovis  modo,  et  ex  cujuscunque  persona,  seu  per  liberam  resigna- 
tionem  alicujus  de  illis,  extra  Bomanam  curiam,  etiam  coram  notario  publico,  et  testibus 
sponte  factam  aut  constitutionem  felicis  recordationis  Johannis  Pape  XXII.  predeces- 
soris  nostri  que  incipit  '  Execrabilis,'  vel  assecutionem  alterius  beneficii  ecclesiastici. 
dicta  ordinaria  auctoritate  collati,  vacet,  etiam  si  tanto  tempore  vacaverint  quod  earum 
collatio,  juxta  Lateranensis  statuta  concilii  (est),  ad  sedem  apostolicam  legitime  devo- 
luta,  ipseque  vicarie  dispositioni  apostolice  specialiter  reservate  existant.  et  super  eis, 
inter  aliquos  lis  cujus  statum  presentibus  haberi  volumus  pro  espresso  pendeat  indecisa, 
dummodo  tempore  dati  presentium  non  sit  in  eis  alicui  spcialiter  jus  quesitum,  cum 
omnibus  juribus  et  pertinenciis  suis,  eidem  collegio,  auctoritate  apostolica  prefata. 
earundem  tenore  presentium,  de  novo  perpetuo  unimus  annectimus  et  incorporamus. 
Ita  quod  liceat  presbiteris  et  clericis  prefatis,  per  se  vel  abum  seu  alios,  corporalem 
juriumque  et  pertinentiarum  predictarum  possessionem,  propria  auctoritate  libere 
apprehendere,  ac  perpetuo  retinere,  illorumque  fructus,  redditu-  et  proventus  in  suos 
ac  collegii  et  vicariarum  predictarum  usus,  utilitatemque  converters  diocesani  loci  et 
cum  suis  alterius  licentia  super  hoc  minime  requisita.  Non  obstantibus  voluntate 
nostra  predicta,  ac  pie  memorie  Bonifacii  Pape  VIII.  etiam  predecessoris  nostri,  et 
aliis  apostolicis  constitutionibus  contrariis  quibuscunque.  Aut  si  aliqui  super  provisi- 
onibus  sibi  faciendis,  de  hujusmodi  vel  aliis  benefices  ecclesiasticis  in  illis  partibus, 
speciales  vel  generales,  dicte  sedis  vel  legatorum  ejus,  litteras  impertrarunt,  etiam  si 
per  eas  ad  inhibitionem,  reservationem  et  decretum,  vel  alias  quomodolibet  sit  preniB- 
sum,  quasquidem  litteras  ac  processus  habitos  per  eadem,  et  inde  secuta  quecunque,  ad 
dictas  vicarias,  volumus  non  extendi,  sed  nullum  per  hoc  eis  quoad  assecutionem  bene- 
ficiorum  aliorum  prejudicium  generari,  et  quibuslibet  aliis  privilegiis,  indulgentiis  et 
litteris  apostolicis,  generalibus  vel  specialibus,  quorumcunque  tenorum  existunt,  per 
que  presentibus  non  expressa,  vel  totaliter  non  inserta,  effectus  eorum  impediri  valeat 
quomodolibet  vel  differri,  et  de  quibus  quorumque  totis  tenoribus  habenda  sit  in  nos- 
tris  litteris  mentio  specialis.  Proviso  quod  propter  unionem,  annexionem  et  incorpo- 
rationem predictas,  dicte  vicarie  debitis  non  fraudentur  obsequiis  et  animarum  cura 
in  eis  nullatenus  negligatur,  sed  illarum  congrue  supportentur  onera  consueta.     N  - 

enim 


i6i 

enim  exnunc  irritum  decernimus  et  inane,  si  secus  super  hiis  a  qtioqam,  quavis  aucto- 
ritate,  scienter  vel  ignoranter,  contigerit  attemptari.  Nulli  ergo  omnino  hominuni 
liceat  hancpaginam  nostre  absolutionis,  approbationis,  confirmationis,  communicationis, 
suppletionis,  unionis,  annexionis,  incorporationis,  voluntatis  et  decreti  infringere,  vel 
ei,  ausu  temerario,contraire.  Si  quis  autem  hoc  attemptare  presumpserit,  indignationem 
omnipotentis  Dei,  et  beatorum  Petri  et  Pauli  apostolorum  ejus,  se  noverit  incursu- 
rum.  Datum  Rome  apud  Sanctum  Petrum,  Anno  Incarnationis  Dominice,  millesimo, 
quadringentesimo,  nonagesimo  secundo.  Quarto  Non.  Junii,  Pontificatus  nostri  anno 
octavo." 

\_Subplumbeo  sigitto  pendente  a  filo  canabeo.~\ 

III. 

"  Bulla  pro  Serine  et  Clonbirn. 
"  A.D.  1495. 

"  Alexander  episcopus,  servus  servorum  Dei,  dilectis  filiis  Magonio  O'Maynar  et 
Johannem  O'Beryn  ac  Nemee  Magnell,  canonicis  ecclesie  Tuamensis,  salutem  et 
apostolicam  benedictionem.  Vite  ac  morum  honestas,  aliaque  laudabilia  probitatis  et 
virtutum  merita,  super  quibus  dilectus  iilius  Johannes  Bremechian  clericus  Tuamensis 
diocesis,  apud  nos  ride  digno  commendatur  testimonio,  nos  inducunt  ut  sibi  reddamur 
ad  gratiam  liberales.  Cum  itaque,  sicut  accepimus,  vicaria  de  Scryn,  custodia  reli- 
quiarum  sancti  Yerlahey  nuncupatam,  et  alia  de  Cloinberyn  alias  de  Bocherayn,  par- 
rochialium  ecclesiarum  dicte  diocesis  perpetue  vicarie,  vacent  ad  presens,  et  tanto 
tempore  vacaverint,  quod  earum  collatio,  juxta  Lateranensis  statuta  concilii,  est  ad 
sedem  apostolicam  legitime  devoluta,  licet  rector,  Wardianus  nuncupatus,  ac  Colle- 
gium presbiterorum  ecclesie  ville  Galvye,  Enachdunensis  diocesis,  de  Scryn,  et  Donaldus 
O'Hirraley,  qui  pro  presbitero  se  gerit,  dilecti  filii  de  Cloinberyn,  ecclesiarum  vicarias 
hujusmodi,  nullo  titulo,  nullove  juris  adminiculo  eis  desuper  suffragante,  sed  temeri- 
tate  propria,  et  de  facto,  per  certum  tempus  detinuerunt,  prout  adhuc  detinent, 
indebite  occupatas.  Nos,  qui  dudum  inter  alia  voluimus,  statuimus,  et  ordinavimus, 
quod  quicunque  beneficium  ecclesiasticum  tunc  per  annum  immediate  precedentem 
pacifice  possessum,  et  quod  certo  modo  vacare  pretenderet,  extunc  deinceps  impetraret 
quot  annis  illud  ipse  possessor  possedisset,  in  hujusmodi  impetratione  exprimere  de- 
beret  et  teneretur,  alioquin  impetratio  predicta,  et  quecunque  inde  secuta,  nullius  ex- 
isterent  firmitatis,  volentes  prefato  Johanni,  qui  ut  asserit  in  decimo  septimo  sue  etatis 
anno  constitutus  existit,  ac  non  obstante  defectu    natalium  quern  patitur  de  conjugato 

genitus, 
m   Vide  War.  De  Praesul.  Hib. 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.    I  5.  Y 


\6i 

genitus,  et  soluta  clericali  caractere  rite  insignitus  fuit,  premissorum  meritorum  suorum 
intuitu,  graciam  facere  specialem,  ipsumque  Johannem  a  quibuscunque  excommunica- 
tionis,  suspensionis  et  interdicti,  aliisque  ecclesiasticis  sentenciis,  censuris  et  penis,  a  jure 
vel  ab  homine quavis  occasione  vel  causa  latis,  Biquibusquomodolibet  innodatusexistit, 
ad  effectum  presentium  duntaxat  consequendum,  harum  Berie  absol  ventes,  et  absolutum 
fore  censentes,  ac  verum  ultime  dictarum  vicariarum  vacationis,  modum  etiani 
illo  quevis  generalis  reservatio  resultet,  necnon  tempus  per  quod  rector  ac  presbiteri 
De  Scryn,  necnon  Donaldus  prefati  de  Cloinberyn,  vicarias  hujusmodi  detinuerunt. 
presentibus  pro  expressis  habentes,  discretioni  vestre,  per  apostolica  scripts,  man- 
damus, quatenus  vos  vel  duo  aut  unus  vestrum,  si  vocatis  rectore  ac  pr< 
Donaldo  prefatis,  ac  aliis  qui  fuerint  evocandi,  Vicarias  predictae  quibusvis  modi?  it 
ex  quorumcunque  personis,  seu  per  liberas  resignationes  aliquorum  de  illi?.  extra 
Romanam  curiam,  etiam  coram  Notario  Publico  et  testibus  sponte  factas,  aut  i 
tutionem  felicis  recordationis  Johannis  Pape  XX1L,  predecessoris  nostri,  que  incipit 
'  Execrabilis,' vel  assecutionemalterius  beneficiiecelesiasiK  iordiuaria auctoritate eollati. 
vacare  repperitis,  illas  quarum  insimul  fructus,  redditus  et  proventus  octo  marcharuni 
sterlingorum,  secundum  communem  estimationem  valorem  annuum,  at  idem  Johannes 
etiam  asserit,  non  excedunt,  etiam  si  disposition]  Apostolice  specialife  i  .te  ex- 

istant,  et  super  eis  inter  aliquos  lis,   cujus  statum  presentibus  haberi  nolumus.   pro 
expresso  pendeat  indecisa,  dummodo  tempore  dati  presentium  non  sit  in  eis  alicui 
specialiter  jus  quesitum,  cum  omnibus  juribus  et  pertinenciis   >uis  prefato  Johaani, 
auctoritate  nostra,  conferre   et  assignare  curetis,  inducentes  per  nos  vel  aliu: 
alios  eundem  Johannem,  vel  procuratorem  suum  ejus  nomine,  in  corporalem  \ 
sionem  vicariarum,  juriumque  et  pertinentiaram  predictorum,    et    defendent 
ductum,  amotis  a  De  Scryn  rectore  et  presbiteris,  necnon  a  de  Clonbervn  eoclesuram 
vicariis  hujusmodi,  Donaldo  predictis   et   quibuslibet  aliis  i  1 1 1 < - 
facientes  Johannem,  vel  pro  eo  procuratorem  predictum,  ad  vicarias  hnjosmodi   at 
est  moris  admitti,  sibique  de  illarum  fructibus,  redditibus,    proventibus,  juri; 
obventionibus  universis  integre  responderi,  contradictores  auctoritate  nostra, 
latione  postposita,  compescendo.     Non  obstantibus  voluntate  priori,   statuto  et  ordi- 
natione  nostris  predictis,  necnon  pie  memorie  Bonit'acii  Pape  VIII.  i-tiani  predei 
nostri,  et  aliis  apostolicis  constitutionibus  contrariis  quibuscunque.     Aut  si  aliqui. 
super  provisionibus  sibi  faciendis,  de  hujusmodi  vel  aliis  beneficiis  ecclesiasticis   in 
illis  partibus,  speciales  vel  generales,   dicte  sedis  vel  legatorum  ejus  litteras  impe- 
trarint,  etiam  si  per  eas  ad  inhibitionem,  reservationem  et  decretum,  vel  alias  quomo- 
dolibet  sit  processum,  quibus  omnibus  eundem  Johannem,   in   dictarum  vicariarum 
assecutione,   nolumus  anteferri,   sed   nullum  per  hoc  eis,  qui  -    ationem  bene- 

Gcioram 


163 

ficiorum  aliorum,  prejudicium  generari.  Seu  si  venerabili  fratri  nostro  archiepiscopo 
Tuamensis,  vel  quibusvis  aliis,  communiter  vel  divisim,  ab  eadem  sit  sede  indultum, 
quod  ad  receptionem  vel  provisionem  alicujus  ininime  teneantur,  et  ad  id  compelli, 
aut  quod  interdici,  suspendi  vel  excommunicari  possint,  quodque  de  hujusmodi,  vel 
aliis  beneficiis  ecclesiasticis,  ad  eorum  collationem,  provisionem,  presentationem,  seu 
quamvis  aliam  dispositionem,  conjunctim  vel  separatim,  spectantibus,  nulli  valeat 
provideri  per  litteras  apostolicas,  non  facientes  plenam  et  expressam,  ac  de  verbo  ad 
verbum  de  indulto  hujusmodi  mentionem,  et  qualibet  alia  dicte  sedis  indulgencia, 
generali  vel  speciali,  cujuscunque  tenoris  existat,  per  quam  presentibus  non  expressam, 
vel  totaliter  non  insertam,  effectus  hujusmodi  gratie  impediri  valeat,  quomodolibet,  vel 
differri,  et  de  qua  cujusque  toto  tenore  habenda  sit  in  nostris  litteris  mentio  specialis. 
Aut  quod  dictus  Johannes  natalium,  et  etiam  ad  obtinendum  vicarias  predictas,  si  sibi 
vigore  presentium  conferatur,  ex  nunc  recipere  et  retinere,  libere  ac  licite  possit,  de- 
fectibus  predictis,  acPutanensis  \_Pictaviensis?~\  et  Lateranensis  generalis  conciliorum, 
aliisque  constitutionibus  et  ordinationibus  apostolicis,  ceterisque  contrariis  nequa- 
quam  obstantibus,  auctoritate  Apostolica,  tenore  earundem  presentium  de  specialis  dono 
gratie  dispensamus.  Proviso,  quod  dicte  vicarie  debitis  propterea  non  fraudentur  obse- 
quiis,  et  animarum  cura  in  eis  nullatenus  negligatur.  Et  insuper,  ex  nunc  irritum 
decernimus  et  inane,  si  secus  super  hiis  a  quoquam,  quavis  auctoritate,  scienter  vel 
ignoranter,  contigerit  attemptari.  Datum  Urbeveteri,  Anno  Incarnationis  Dominice 
millesimo,  quadringentesimo,  nonagesimo  quinto.  Pridie  Non.  Junii,  Pontificatus 
nostri  anno  tercio.  \_Sub  plumbeo  sigillo  pendente,  a  filo  canabeo.~] 

IV. 

"  Pro  ecclesia  de  Meculyn. 
"  A.  D.  1496.  Lecta  in  audientia. 
"  Alexander  Episcopus,  servus  servorum  Dei,  venerabili  fratri  episcopo  Clon- 
fertensi,  et  dilecto  filio  Davidi  de  Burgo  canonico  ecclesie  Clonfertensis,  salutem  et 
apostolicam  benedictionem.  Humilibus  supplicum  votis  libenter  annuimus,  eaque 
favoribus  prosequimur  oportunis.  Exhibita  siquidem  nobis  nuper,  pro  parte  dilec- 
torum  filiorum  Guardiani  secularis  et  collegiate  ecclesie  sancti  Nicholai  ville  Galvie, 
Enachdunensis  diocesis,  et  octo  perpetuorum  vicariorum  in  eadem,  peticio  continebat, 
quod  licet  perpetua  vicaria  parrochialis  ecclesie  de  Meculyn,  dicte  diocesis,  eidem 
ecclesie  sancti  Nicholai  perpetuo  canonice  unita  existit,  tamen  dilectus  hiius  Mauritius 
O'Flahartay,  pro  clerico  se  gerens,  falso  asserens  vicariam  predictam  ad  se,  pretextu 
quarundam  litterarum  apostolicarum  seu  alias,  pertinere  de  jure,  eosdem  wardianum 
et  vicarios  super  hoc,  inter  alia,  petendo  vicarias  hujusmodi  sibi  adjudicari,  coram 

Y  2  dilecto 


164 

dilecto  filio  Milero  O'Kenudy  canonico  Tuamensis,  quern  judicem   super  hoc  compe- 
te]! tem,  auctoritate  apostolica,  deputatum   esse  dicebat,    traxit  in   causarn,  et  idem 
Milerus  in  causa  ipsa  perperam  procedens,  diffinitivain    pro  dicto  Mauritio.  et  contra 
Guardianum  et  vicarios  prefatos  sententiam   promulgavit   iniquam,  a  qua  pro  parte 
wardiani  et  vicariorum   eorundem  ad  sedem  fuit  apostolicam  appeUatmn  ;  sed  ipsi 
Guardianus  et  vicarii   legittimo,  ut  asserunt  impediments    detenti,    appellacionem 
hujusmodinon  fuerunt,  infra  tempus  debitum,  prosecuti,  quare,  pro  parte  Guardiaui 
et  vicariorum  eorundem,  nobis  fuit  humiliter  supplicatum,  ut,  lapsu  dicti  temporis 
non  obstante,  appellationis  predicte,  ac  post  et  contra  illam  attemtatorum  et  innova- 
torum  quorumcunque,  ac  predictarum  et  quarumlibet  aliarum  litterarum,  per  ipsiim 
Mauritium    super   hoc,    quovis    modo,    impetratarum,    surrepti 
illarumque  ac  processus  et  sententie  hujusmodi,  aliorumque  omnium  et  singulorum 
per  Mylerum  et  Mauritium  predictos,  ac  quoscunque  alios  judicee  et   ] 
Guardiani  et  vicariorum,   ac   ecclesie   sancti   Nicholai   prejudicium.   circa    pren 
quomodocunque  gestorum,  nullitatis  et  invaliditatis  totius,  quoque  principal 
necnon  omnes  et  singulas  quas  Guardianus  et  vicarii   predicti,  contra  dictum  Mauri- 
tium, ac  dilectos  filios  nobiles  viros  Willielmum  de  Burgo  et   ejus  d 
domicellos,  et  certos  earum  consanguineos,  ac  Thadeum  Mc  Breyn  Ylahartuv.  Bicardnm 
alias  Ristardum  etiam  de  Burgo  et  quoscunque  alios  clericos  et  laicos  Buper  rectoria 
et  vicariis  hujusmodi,  impedimenti*qm'.   moleetationibus,  dan 
Guardiano  et  vicariis,  ac  ecclesie  sancti  Nicholai,  super  hujusmodi  et  aliis  1 
perpetuis  vicariis  ac  beneficiis  ecclesiasticis,  eidem  ecclesie  sancti   Nicholai  similiter 
unitis,  et  illorum  occasione  indebite  illatis,  ac  aliis  rebus  communiter  vel  divisiin 
movere  intendunt,  causas  aliquibus  probis  viris  in  partibus  illis  committere,  et  alia  in 
premissis  oportune  providere,  de   benignitate  mur.      N  - 

hujusmodi  supplicacionibus  inclinati,  discretioni  v<.  1  pta,  man- 

damus, quatenus  vos,  vel  alter  vestrum,  si  vocatis  .Mauricio  ac  clericis  et  laii 
ac  aliis  qui  fuerint  evocandi,  quod  de  impedimen to  hujusmodi  propoaitur,  \< 
fulcitur,  auditisque  hinc  inde  propositis,  etiam  de  principal]      a         hujusmcxl. 
noscentes  legitime  quod  jus  turn  fuer  it,  appellatione  remota,  d> 

decreveritis,    per   censuram  ecclesiasticam,    firmiter   observari.  .    qui 

fuerint  nominati,  si  se  gratia  odio  vel  timore  substraxerint.  ceusura   siniiJi,  appella- 
tione  cessante,   compellatis  veritati   testimonium  perhibere.     Non  obstaatibtu 
dicti  temporis,  necnon  felicis  recordationis  Bonefacii  Pape  octavi,  pred< 
qua  inter  alia  cavetur,  ne  quis  extra  suam  civitatem  et  diocesim.  nisi  u 
casibus,  et  in  illis  ultra  unam  dietam  a  tine  sue  diocesis  ad  judicium  evocetar;  >cu  n«r 
judices    ab    eadem  sede  deputati,  extra  civitatem   et  diocesim    in    quibus    deputati 

ru« 


1 6S 

fuerint,  contra  quoscunque  procedere,  seu  alii  vel  aliis  vices  suas  committere  pre- 
sumant,  dummodo  ultra  duasdietas  aliquis,  auctoritate  presentium,  non  trahatur,  et  aliis 
constitutionibus  et  ordinationibus  apostolicis  contrariis  quibuscunque.  Aut  si  Mauricio 
et  clericis  et  laicis  predictis,  vel  quibusvis  aliis  communiter  vel  divisim,  ab  eadem  sede 
sit  indultum,  quod  suspendi,  interdici,  vel  excommunicari,  aut  extra  vel  ultra  certa  loca, 
ad  judicium  evocari  non  possint  per  litteras  apostolicas  non  facientes  plenam  et  ex- 
pressam,  ac  de  verbo  ad  verbum,  et  inde  indulto,  hujusmodi  mentionem.  Datum 
Rome  apud  Sanctum  Petrum,  Anno  Incarnationis  Dominice,  M°  ccccmo  nonagesimo 
sexto,  tercio  Idus  Aprilis,  Pontificatus  nostri  anno  quarto. 

\_Sub plumbeo  sigillo pendente  ajilo  canabeo.~\ 

V. 

"  Bulla  pro  Furanmor  et  Meray. 
li  A.  D.  1496.  Lecta  in  audientia. 
"  Alexander  episcopus,  servus  servorum  Dei,  venerabili  fratri  episcopo  Clon- 
fertensi  et  dilecto  filio  Davidi  de  Burgo,  canonico  ecclesie  Clonfertensis,  salutem  et 
apostolicam  benedictionem.  Humilibus  supplicum  votis  libenter  annuimus,  eaque 
i'avoribus  prosequimur  oportunis.  Exhibita  siquidem  nobis  nuper,  pro  parte  dilec- 
torum  nliorum  Guardiani  secularis,  et  collegiate  ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai  ville 
Galvie,  Enachdunensis  diocesis,  et  octo  perpetuorum  vicariorum  in  eadem,  petitio 
continebat  quod,  licet  rectoria  de  Furanmor  et  etiam  de  Furanmor  et  Meray,  perpetue 
vicarie  parrochialium  ecclesiarum  dicte  diocesis,  eidem  ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai  per- 
petuo  canonice  unite,  annexate  et  incorporate  existant ;  tamen  dilectus  filius  Ricardus 
alias  Ristardus  de  Burgo,  pro  clerico  se  gerens,  falso  asserens  rectoriam  et  vicarias 
hujusmodi  ad  se,  pretextu  quarundam  litterarum  apostolicarum,  seu  alias,  spectare 
de  jure,  eosdem  Guardianum  et  vicarios  super  hoc  inter  alia,  petendo  rectoriam 
et  vicarias  hujusmodi  sibi  adjudicari,  coram  dilecto  filio  Florencio  O'Graidon  ca- 
nonico Clonfertensi,  quern  judicem  super  hoc  competentem,  auctoritate  apostolic:;, 
deputatum  esse  dicebat,  traxit  in  causam,  et  idem  Florencius  in  causa  ipsa  per- 
peram  procedens,  difinitivam  pro  dicto  Ricardo,  et  contra  Guardianum  et  vicarios 
prefatos,  sententiam  promulgavit  iniquam,  a  qua,  pro  parte  Guardiani  et  vicari- 
orum eorundem,  ad  sedem  fuit  apostolicam  appellatum  ;  sed  ipsi  Guardianus  et 
vicarii,  legitimo  ut  asserunt  impedimento  detenti,  appellationem  hujusmodi  non 
luerunt,  infra  tempus  debitum,  prosecuti,  quare,  pro  parte  Guardiani  et  vicariorum 
eorundem,  nobis  fuit  humiliter  supplicatum,  ut,  lapsu  dicti  temporis  non  obstante, 
appellationis  predicte,  ac  post  et  contra  illam,  attemptatorum  et  innovatorum  quorum- 
cunque,   ac  predictarum  et  quarumlibet  aliarum  litterarum,   per  ipsum    Ricardum 

super 


i66 

super  hoc,   quovismodo,  impetratarum,    surreptitionis  et    obreptionis  illarumque  ac 
processus  et  sententie  bujusmodi,  aliorumque  omnium  et  singulorum,  per  Florencium 
et  Ricardum  predictos,  ac  quoscunque  alios  judices  et  personas,  in  Guardiani  et  vica- 
riorum,    ac    ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai  prefatorum,  prejudicium,  circa  premissa,   quo- 
modocunque  gestorum,  nullitatis  et  invaliditatis  totius,  quoque  principalis  negotii, 
necnon  omnes  et  singulas,  quas  Guardianus  et  vicarii  predicti.  contra  dictum  Ricar- 
dum, ac  dilectos  filios  nobiles  viros  Willielmum  de  Burgo  et  ejus  natos  ac  frat: 
domicellos,  et  certos  eorum  consanguineos,  ac  Thadeum  Mac  Breyn  Vlahartay,  Mauri- 
tium  O'Flahertay,  et  quoscunque  alios  clericos  et  laicos,   super  rectoria  et  vicarii:- 
hujusmodi,  impedimentisque,  molestationibus,  damnis  et  injuriis,  eisdem  Guardiano  et 
vicariis,  ac  ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai,  super  bujusmodi  et  alii?  rectoriis  et  perpetuis 
vicariis  ac  beneficiis  ecclesiasticis,  eidem  ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai  similiter  i 
illorum  occasione  indebite  illatis,  ac  aliis  rebus  conjunctim  vel  divi^im  movere  in1 
dunt,  causas  aliquibus  probis  viris  in  partibus  illis  committere,  et  alias  in  prem- 
oportune  providere,  de  benignitate  apostolica,  dignaremur.     X'-  igitur.    bujusmodi 
supplicationibus  inclinati,  discretioni  vestre  per  apostolica   scripta  mandamus,  qua- 
tenus  vos,  vel  alter  vestrum,  si  vocatis  Ricardo  ac  clericis  et  laicis  predicti-  et  aliis  qui 
fuerint  evocandi,  quod  de  impedimento  bujusmodi  proponitur,  veritate  fulcitur  audi- 
tisque  bine  inde  propositis,  etiam  de  negocio  principali  bujusmodi  cognoscente*-.  .•  . 
time  quod  justum  f  tier  it,  appellatione  remota,  decernatis,  facientefl  cjuod  decreveriti-. 
per  censuram  ecclesiasticam,  firmiter  observarL     T(  utee  i  litem   qui  fuerint  nomi: 
si  se  gratia,  odio  vel  timore  subtraxerint.  censura  simili,   appellatione  a  om- 

pellatis  veritati  testimonium  perhibere,    Non  obstantibus  lapsu  dicti  tempori>. 
felicis  recordationis  Bonifacii  Pape VIII.,  predecessoris  nostri.  qua   inter  alia  cav»tur, 
ne  quis  extra  suam  civitatem  vel  diocesim,  nisi  in  certi-  exceptu  casibus,  et  in  illis 
ultra  unam  dietam  a  fine  sue  diocesis  ad  judicium  evocetur;  seu  ne  judices  ab  eadem 
sede  deputati,  extra  civitatem  et  diocesim  in   quibus  deputati  fuerint,  contra   <, 
cunque  procedere,  aut  alii  vel  aliis  vices  suas  committere  presumant,  dummodo  ultra 
duas  dietas  aliquis,  auctoritate  presentium,   non  trahatur.  et  aliis  con>titutionibi.- 
ordinationibus  apostolicis  contrariis   quibuscunqua      Aut  si  Ricardo  et  cleric  - 
laicis  predictis,  vel  quibusvis  aliis  communiter  vel  divisim,  ab  eadem  sede  sit  indultum. 
quod  interdici,  suspendi,  vel  excommunicari,  aut  extra  vel  ultra  certa  loca,  ad  judi- 
cium evocari  non  possint,  per  litteras  apostolicas  non  facientes  plenam  et  e.v 
ac   de  verbo  ad  verbum,  de  indulto    bujusmodi  mentionem.       Datum  Rome  apud 
Sanctum  Petrum,   Anno  Incarnationis  Dominice    millesimo    quadringentcsimo  no- 
nagesimo  sexto,  tertio  Idus  Aprilis,  Pontificatus  nostri  anno  quarto. 

[Sub  plumbeo  iigillo  pendente  afilo  canal" 

VI. 


167 


VI. 

"  Excommunicalio  contra  Malefactores  in  Collegium. 
"A.D.  1501. 
"  Alexander  episcopus,  servus   servorum  Dei,  venerabilibus  fratribus   archiepis- 
copo  Tuamensi,  et  Clonferetensi  ac  Milopotamensi  episcopis,  salutem  et  apostolicam 
benedictionem.     Significav^  nobis  dilecti  filii  wardianus  et  capitulum  ecclesie  Sancti 
Nicolai  ville  Kanole,  Annotanensis  \_Galvie,  Enachdunensis~\  diocesis,   quod  nonnulli 
iniquitatis  filii,  quos  prorsus  ignore,  quedam  gravia  damna  et  impedimenta  in  bonis 
et  fructibus  mense  capitularis  dicte  ecclesie,  ac  ipsis  wardiano  et  capitulo  inique  intu- 
lerunt,  necnon  decimas,  fructus,  redditus,  proventus,  calices,  ornamenta  ecclesiastica, 
oblationes,   terras,  domos,   possessiones,  aquarum  decursus,    molendina,  vini,    bladi, 
frumenti,  auri,  argenti  monetati,  et  non  monetati,  olei  et  aliarum  rerum,  quantitates, 
vasa   argentea,  erea,   cuprea,   stannica,  pannos  lineos,  laneos,  sericeos,  vestes,  jocalia, 
domorum  utensilia,  libros,  scripturas  publicas  et  privatas,  testamenta  et  alia  docu- 
menta,  equos,  boves,  oves,  et  alia  animalia,  debita,  credita,  legata,   mutua  deposita, 
pecuniarum  summas,  jura,  jurisdictiones,  et  nonnulla  alia  mobilia  et  immobilia  bona 
ad  mensam  capitularem  ejusdem  ecclesie  legitime  spectantia,  temere  et  maliciose,  oc- 
cultare,  et  occulte  detinere  presumunt,  non  curantes  ea  prefatis  wardiano  et  capitulo 
exhibere,   ac  de  damnis  hujusmodi  satisfacere,   in  animarum  suarum  periculum,  et 
ipsorum  wardiani  et  capituli  ac  ecclesie  non  modicum  detrimentum,  super  quo  iidem 
wardianus  et  capitulum  apostolice  sedis  remedium  implorarunt.    Quo  circa  fraternitati 
vestre  per  apostolica  scripta  mandamus,  quatenus  omnes  hujusmodi  darnnorum  ilia- 
tores,  ac  decimarum,  censuum,  calicum  et  aliorum   bonorum  predictorum  detentores 
occultos,  ex  parte  nostra,  publice,  in   ecclesiis  coram  populo,  per  vos,  vel  alium   seu 
alios,  moneatis,  ut  infra  competentem  terminum,  quem  eis  prefixeritis,  ea  prefatis  war- 
diano et   capitulo,   a  se  debita  restituant  et  revelent,  ac  de  ipsis  et  damnis  hujus- 
modi plenam  et  debitam  satisfactionem  impendant,  et  si  id  non  adimpleverunt  infra 
alium  competentem  terminum,  quem  eis  ad  hoc  peremtorie  duxeritis  prefigendum, 
extunc  in  eos  generalem  excommunicationis  sententiam  proferatis,  et  earn  faciatis  ubi  et 
quando  expedire  videritis,  usque  ad  satisfactionem  condignam  solemniter  publicari. 
Quod  si  non  omnes  hiis  exequendis  potueritis  interesse,  duo  aut  imus  vestrum  ea 
nichilominus  exequantur.     Datum  Rome  apud  Sanctum  Petrum,  Anno  Incarnationis 
dominice  millesimo  quingentesimo  primo,  septimo  Idus  Januarii,  Pontificatus  nostri 
anno  decimo. 

\Sub  plumbeo  sigillo  pendente  a  Jilo  canabeo.~\ 

VII. 


i68 


VII. 
"  Bulla  pro  Rectoria  de  Tiraglas,  et  Vicariis  de  Kynmara  et  Ballindnre. 
"  A.  D.  1502.     Lecta  in  audientia. 
"  Alexander  episcopus,  servus  servorum  Dei.  dilectis  filiis  Florencio  O'Genwayn. 
Thateo  Machyachayn  ac  Hoberto  Macmyloid,  canonicis  ecclesie  Clonfertensia,  salutem 
et  apostolicam  benedictionem.     Vite  ac  morum  honestas,  aliaque  laudabilia  probitatis 
et  virtutum  merita,    super    quibus  dilectus  filius  Ristardus    de   Burgo,    canonicu^ 
Enachdunensis,  apud  nos  fide  digno  commendatur  testimonio,  nos  inducunt  ut  sibi 
reddamur  ad  gratiain  liberales,  illaque  sibi  favorabiliter  concedamus,  que  suis  com- 
moditatibus  fore  conspicimus  oportuna.     Cum  itaque,  sicut  accepimus.  canonicatu» 
ecclesiarum  parvarum  prebenda  nuncupata  ecclesie  Diu  de  Tiraglas  rectoria, 

necnon  de  Kynmara  et  de  Ballenclare,  parrochialium  ecclesiarum  perpetue  vicarie 
Enachdunensis,  Laonensis  et  Duacensis  diocesium,  certo  modo  vacent  ad  pxesena,  et 
tanto  tempore  vacaverint,  quod  eorum  collatio,  juxta  Lateral,  uta  conciliu 

est  ad  sedem  apostolicam  legitime  deroluta,  licet  Philippns  O'Hanle  qui  pro  p 
bitero  rectoriam,  ac  Teodericus  O'Beren  qui  pro  clerico,   se  gerunt,  canonicatuin  et 
prebendam  de  Kynmara,  necnon  wardianus  et   capitulum  ea  -   ncti  Nicholai 

ville  Galvie,  Enachdunensis  diocesis,  dilecti  filii  de  Ballanclara   vicarius  hujoflm 
nullo  titulo,  nullove  juris  adminiculo,  sed  temere  et  de  facto  per  certum  tern] 
nuerunt,  prout  adhuc  detinent,  indebite  occupatos.     E I  hibita  nobis,  pro  j 

dicti  Ristardi,  petitio  continebat  si  rectoria  et  vicaria  predicte  eisdem  canonicatui 
et  prebende,  si  sibi  vigore  presentium  conferantur,  quamdiu  illosobtinuerit.  anil 
tur,  annecterentur  et  incorporarentur,  ex  hoc  profecto  dicti  Ristardi  comoditatibu> 
non  parum  consuleretur,  pro  parte  ipsius  Ristardi  nobis  fuit  humiliter  supplicatum. 
ut  rectorium  et  vicarias  hujusmodi,  eisdem  canonicatui  et  pi  -ur. 

unire  annectere  et  incorporare,  aliasque  in  premissis  oportune  piOTideie,  de 
tate  apostolica  dignaremur.     Nos  enim  qui  dudum  inter  alia  volumus.  quod  - 
in  unionibus  commissio  fieret  ad  partes,  vocatis,  quorum  interesset,  ac  stotuimi 
ordinavimus  quod  quicunque  beneficium  ecclesiasticum,  tunc  per  annum  immed 
precedentem  pacifice  possessum,  et  quod  certo  modo  vacare  pretenderet.  extunc  de- 
inceps  impetraret  gradum  et  nobilitatem  possessoris  ejusdem,  et   quot  annis   1 
ipse  possedisset  in  hujusmodi  impetratione  exprimere  deberet  et  teneretur.  ahoqui 
impetracio  predicta,  et  inde  secuta  quecunque,  nullius  existerent  finnil 
Ristardo,  qui,  ut  asserit,  canonicatum  et  de  Furamnor,  nuncupatam  prebendai:. 
Enachdunensis,  obtinet  de  alicujus  subveutionis  auxilio  providere,  premissonun  me- 
ritorum  suorum  intuitu,  specialem  gratiam  faoere  volentes,  ipsmnque  Ristardum 

qui: 


169 

quibusvis  excommunicationis,  suspensionis  et  interdicti  aliisque  ecclesiasticis  senten- 
tiis,  censuris  et  penis,  a  jure  vel  ab  homine  quavis  occasione  vel  causa  latis,  si  quibus 
quomodolibet  innodatus  existit,  ad  effectum  presentium  duntaxat  consequendum, 
harum  serie  absolventes,  et  absolutum  fore  censentes,  ac  obtentorum  et  illis  annexorura 
hujusmodi  fructuurn,  reddituum  et  proventuum  veros  annuos  valores,  necnonverum  et 
ultimum  canonicatus  et  prebende  ac  rectorie  vicariarum  predictarum  vacationis 
modum  ac  tempus,  per  quod  Tlieodericus  canonicatum  et  prebendam  de  Kynmara, 
ac  Philippus  rectoriam,  necnon  wardianus  et  capitulum  de  Ballanclara  vicarias 
hujusmodi  detinuerunt,  necnon  gradum  et  nobilitatem  possessorum  eorundem  si 
qui  sint,  presentibus  pro  expressis  habentes,  ac  de  premissis  certam  notitiam  non 
habentes,  hujusmodi  supplicationibus  inclinati,  discretioni  vestre  per  apostolica  scripta 
mandamus,  quatenus  vos  vel  duo  aut  unus  vestrum,  si  vocatis  Theoderico  et  Philippo 
ac  wardiano  et  capitulo  predictis,  et  aliis  qui  fuerint  evocandi,  canonicatum  et  eccle- 
siarum  parvarum  nuncupandum  prebendam,  ac  rectoriam  et  vicarias  hujusmodi, 
quorum  insimul  triginta  duorum  marcharum  sterlingorum  fructus,  redditus  et  pro- 
ventus,  secundum  communem  extimationem,  valorem  annuum,  ut  dictus  Ristardus 
similiter  asserit  non  excedunt,  quibusvis  modis,  et  ex  quorumcunque  personis,  seu  per 
liberam  resignationem  quorumvis  de  illis,  extra  Romanam  curiam,  etiam  coram  notario 
publico  et  testibus  sponte  factam,  aut  rectoria  et  vicarie  predicte  per  constitutionem 
felicis  recordationis  Johannis  Pape  XXII.  predecessoris  nostri,  que  incipit '  Execrabilis,' 
vel  assecutionem  alterius  beneficii  ecclesiastici,  ordinaria  auctoritate  collati  vacare, 
ita  esse  reppereritis,  ut  dispositioni  apostolice  specialiter  reservati  existant,  et  super 
eis  inter  aliquos,  lis  cujus  statum  presentibus  haberi  volumus  pro  expresso  pendeat 
indecisa,  dummodo  tempore  dati  presentium  non  sit  in  canonicatu,  et  ecclesiarum 
parvarum  prebenda  ac  rectoria  et  vicariis  predictis  alicui  specialiter  jus  quesitum, 
canonicatum  et  ecclesiarum  parvarum  prebendam  hujusmodi,  cum  plenitudine  juris 
canonici  eidem  Ristardo  conferre,  rectoriam  vero  et  vicarias  predictas  eisdem  canoni- 
catui  et  ecclesiarum  parvarum  prebende,  si  sibi,  vigore  presentium,  conferantur, 
quamdiu  prefatus  Ristardus  illos  obtinuerit  duntaxat,  unire,  annectere  et  incorporare, 
cum  omnibus  juribus  et  pertinenciis  suis,  auctoritate  nostra,  curetis,  inducentes  per 
vos,  vel  alium  seu  alios,  eundem  Ristardum,  vel  procuratorem  suum,  ejus  nomine,  in 
corporalem  possessionem  canonicatus  et  ecclesiarum  parvarum  prebende,  et  annexorum 
juriumque  et  pertinentiarum  hujusmodi,  et  defendentes  inductum,  amotis  a  canoni- 
catu et  ecclesiarum  parvarum  prebenda,  et  de  Kynmara  Theoderico,  et  rectoria 
Philippo,  et  de  Ballenclare  vicariis  hujusmodi  wardiano  et  capitulo  predictis  et  quibus- 
libet  aliis  illatis  detentoribus,  ac  facientes  eundem  Ristardum,  vel  pro  eo  procurato- 
rem predictum,  ad  prebendam  ecclesiarum  parvarum  in  dicta  ecclesia  Duacensis  in 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.  NO.  1 5.  Z  canonicum 


170 

canonicum  recipiet  in  fratrem,  stallo  sibi  in  choro  et  loco  in  capitulo  ipsius  ecclesie 
Duacensis  assignatis,  sibique  de  canonicatibus  et  ecclesiarum  parvarum,  ac  rectorie  et 
vicariarum  predictorum,  fructibus,  redditibus,  proven tibus,  juribus  et  obventionibus 
universis  integre  responderi,  contradictores  auctoritate  nostra,  appellatione  postposita, 
compescendo.  Non  obstantibus  voluntate,  statuto  et  ordinatione  nostris  premissis,  et 
felicis  recordationis  Bonefacii  Pape  VIII.  etiam  predecessoris  nostri,  et  aliis  apostolici6 
constitutionibus,  ac  statutis  et  consuetudinibus  dicte  ecclesie  Duacensis,  juramento, 
confirmatione  apostolica,  vel  quavis  firmitate  alia  roboratis,  contrariis  quibuscunque. 
Aut  si  aliqui,  apostolica  vel  quavis  alia  auctoritate,  in  dicta  ecclesia  Duacensis.  in  ca- 
nonicos  sint  recepti,  vel  ut  recipiantur  insistant,  seu  si  super  provisionibus  sibi  faci- 
endis  de  canonicatibus  et  prebendis  ipsius  ecclesie  Duacensis,  ac  hujusmodi  speciales 
vel  aliis  beneficiis  ecclesiasticis  in  illis  partibus  generales,  dicte  sedis,  vel  legatoruni 
ejus,  litteras  impetrari,  ut  etiam  si  per  eas  ad  inhibitionem,  reservationem  et  decretum, 
vel  alias  quomodolibet,  sit  processum,  quasquideni  litteras  et  processus  habitos  per 
eosdem,  et  inde  secuta  quecumque  ad  rectoriam  et  vicarias  predictas  extendi  volentes, 
ipsumque  Ristardum  in  assecutione  canonicatus  et  ecclesiarum  parvarum  prebende 
hujusmodi  omnibus  volumus  anteferri,  sed  nullum  per  hoc  eis  quoad  assecutionem 
canonicatuum  et  prebendarum  aut  beneficiorum  aliorum  prejudicium  generari  :  Seu 
si  venerabilibus  fratribus  nostris  Enachdunensis,  Laonensis,  et  Duacensis  episoo] 
dilectis  filiis  capitulo  dicte  ecclesie  Duacensis,  vel  quibusvis  aliis,  communiter  vel 
divisim,  ab  eadem  sit  sede  indultum,  quod  ad  receptionem  vel  provisionem  alicujus 
minime  teneantur,  et  ad  id  compelli,  aut  quod  interdici,  suspendi  vel  excommunicari 
non  possint,  quodque  de  canonicatibus  et  prebendis  ipsius  ecclesie  Duacensis,  ac  hujus- 
modi vel  aliis  beneficiis  ecclesiasticis,  ad  eorum  collationem,  provisionem,  presentatio- 
nem  seu  quamvis  aliam  dispositionem,  conjunctim  vel  separating  spectantibus,  nulli 
valeat  provideri  per  litteras  apostolicas,  non  facientes  plenam  et  expressam,  ac  de  vtrbo 
ad  verbum,  de  indulto  hujusmodi  mentionem  ;  et  quibuslibet  aliis  privilegiis.  indul- 
gentiis  et  litteris  apostolicis,  generalibus  vel  specialibus,  quoruincunque  tenorum  exis- 
tunt,  per  que  presentibus,  non  expressa  vel  totaliter  non  inserts,  effectna  hujusmodi 
gratie  impediri  valeat  quomodolibet  vel  differri,  et  de  qua  cuj  usque  toto  tenore  ha- 
benda  sit  in  nostris  litteris  mentio  specialis.  Aut  si  dictus  Ristardus  presens  non 
fuerit,  ad  prestandum  de  observances  statutis  et  consuetudinibus  dicte  ecclesie  Dua- 
censis solitum  juramentum,  dummodo  in  absentia  sua  per  procuratorem  ydoneum.  ct 
cum  ad  ecclesiam  ipsam  Duacensis  accesserit  corporaliter  illud  prestet.  volumus  autem 
quod  propter  unionem,  annexionem  et  incorporationem  predictas,  si  ille,  vigore  presen- 
tium,  fiant  et  effectum  sortiantur,  rectoria  et  vicarie  predicte  debitis  propterea  non 
fraudentur  obsequiis,  et  animarum  cura  in  eis  nullatenus  negligatur,   sed  earuii. 

grue 


1 7-i 

grue  supportentur  onera  consueta.  Quodque  cedente  vel  decedente  dicto  Ristardo, 
seu  canonicatum  et  ecclesiarum  parvarum  prebendam  predictos  alias  quomodolibet 
disconnectente,  unio,  annexio  et  incorporatio  predicte  dissolute  sint  et  esse  censeantur, 
dicteque  rectoria  et  vicarie  impristinum  statum  revertantur,  et  per  dissolutionem 
hujusmodi  vacare  censeantur,  eo  ipso,  et  insuper,  ex  nunc  irritum  decernimus,  et 
inane,  si  secus  super  hiis  a  quoquam  quavis  auctoritate,  scienter  vel  ignoranter,  conti- 
gerit  attemptari.  Datum  Rome  apud  Sanctum  Petrum  Anno  Incarnationis  Dominice 
Millesimo  quingentessimo  secundo,  Nono  Kalendas  Decembris,  Pontificatus  nostri 
anno  undecimo. 

\_Sub  plumbeo  sigillo  pendente  ajilo  canabeo.~\ 

VIII. 

"  Pro  Ricardo  De  Burgo,  canonico  Duacensi. 
"A.D.  1 5 1 1 .  Lecta  in  audientia. 
"  Julius  episcopus,  servus  servorum  Dei,  dilectiis  filiis  Thome  Mac  lfoyn  [sic,  perhaps 
for  floyn  or  Flyn]  Enachdunensi,  et  Cornelio  O'Leynayn  Elfinensi,  canonicis,  ac  officiali 
Duacensi,  salutem  et  apostolicam  benedictionem.  "Viteet  morum  honestas,  aliaque  lau- 
dabilia  probitatis,  et  virtutum  merita,  super  quibus  dilectus  filius  Ristardus  de  Burgo, 
canonicus  Duacensis,  apud  nos  fide  digno  comendatur  testimonio,  nos  inducunt  ut  ejus 
votis,  per  que  suis  commoditatibus  consuli  possit,  annuentes,  sibi  reddamur  ad  graciam 
liberales.  Cum  itaque,  sicut  accepimus,  Tuamensis  et  Clonfertensis  ecclesiarum  canonica- 
tus,  ac  de  Chilmayn  Tuamensis,  et  de  Chiltelscel  nuncupate  prebende  Clonfertensis  pre- 
dictarum,  necnon  que  de  jure  patronatus  laicorum  existit,  de  Donnayre  ac  de  Annari, 
Clonfertensis  et  Tuamensis  diocesum,  parrochialium  rectorie,  necnon  perpetua  vicaria 
ejusdem  de  Annarri,  ecclesiarum,  quod  quondam  Theobaldus  de  Burgo  Tuamensis  et 
Clonfertensis  cannonicus,  ac  parrochialium  rector  necnon  de  Annarri  ecclesiarum, 
hujusmodi  perpetuus  vicarius,  ex  dispensatione  apostolica,  dum  viveret  obtinebat,  per 
obitum  ejusdem  Theobaldi,  qui  extra  Romanam  curiam  diem  clausit  extremum,  vacent 
ad  presens,  et  tanto  tempore  vacaverint  quodeorum  collatio,  juxtaLateranensisstatuta 
Concilii,  est  ad  sedem  apostolicam  legitime  devoluta,  licet  dilecti  filii  Walterus  de 
Burgo  canonicatus  et  prebendas,  et  Thomas  etiam  de  Burgo  senior  de  Donayre,  ac 
Thomas  similiter  de  Burgo  junior  de  Anari,  rectorias  necnon  vicariam  predictas,  nullo 
titulo  seisiti,  juris  adminiculo  eis  desuper  sufiragante,  sed  temeritate  propria  et  de 
facto,  per  certum  tempus  detinuerint  et  detineant  indebite  occupatos.  Et  sicut  ex- 
hibita  nobis  nuper,  pro  parte  dicti  Ristardi  petitio  continebat,  si  rectoria  et  vicarie 
predicte  eisdem  canonicatui  et  prebende  dicte  ecclesie  Tuamensis,  quandiu  idem  Ris- 
tardus illos  postquam  de  eis  sibi  provisum,  et  ipse  illos  assecutus  fuerit,  obtinuerit, 

Z  2  unirentur, 


172 

unirentur,  annecterentur  et  incorporarentur,  ex  hoc  profecto  ejusdem  Ristardi  commo- 
ditati  non  parum  consuleretur,  pro  parte  ipsius  Ristardi  asserentis,  se  canonicatum  et 
prebendam  ecclesie  Duacensis,  inter  alia,  obtinere,  ac  vacantium  canonicatuum  et  pre- 
bendarum,  necnon  rectoriarum  et  vicarie  predictorum,  insimul  fructus,  redditus  et 
proventus  nonaginta  maicharum  sterlingorum,  secundum  communem  extimationem 
valorem  annuum  non  excedere,  nobis  fuit  humiliter  supplicatum  ut  rectorias  et  vica- 
riam  predictas,  canonicatui  et  prebende  ecclesie  Tuamensis  hujusmodi,  quandiu  ipse 
Ristardus  illos,  si  sibi  vigore  presentium  conferantur,  obtinuerit,  unire,  annectere  et 
incorporare,  ac  alias  in  premissis  oportune  providere,  de  benignitate  apostolica,  digna- 
remur.  Nos  igitur,  qui  dudum  inter  alia  voluimus,  quod  semper  in  unionibus  voca- 
rentur  quorum  interesset,  ac  etiam  statuimus  et  ordinavimus,  quod  quicunque  benefi- 
cium  ecclesiasticum,  tunc  per  annum  immediate  precedentem  pacifice  possessum,  et 
quod  certo  modo  vacare  pretenderet,  extunc  deinceps  impetraret  gradum  et  nobilitatem 
possessoris  ejusdem,  et  quot  annis  ipse  possessor  illud  possedi^et,  in  hujusmodi  impe- 
tratione  exprimere  deberet  et  teneretur,  alioquin  impetratio  predicta,  et  quecunque 
inde  secuta,  nuliius  existerent  firmitatis,  prefato  Ristardo,  premissorum  meritorum 
suorum  intuitu,  specialem  graciam  facere  volentes,  ipsumque  Ristarduni  a  quibusvis 
excommunicationis,  suspensionis  et  interdicti,  aliisque  ecclesiasticis  sententiis,  eensuris 
et  penis,  a  jure  vel  ab  homine  quavis  occasione  vel  causa  latis,  signibus  quomodolibet 
innodatus  existit,  ad  effectum  presentium  dumtaxat  consequendum,  harum  serie  absol- 
ventes,  et  absolutum  fore  censentes.  Necnon  omnia  et  singula  alia  beneficia  ecclesias- 
tica,  cum  cura  et  sine  cura,  que  dictus  Ristardus  etiam,  ex  quibusvis  dispensationibus 
apostolicis,  obtinet  et  expectat,  ac  in  quibus  et  ad  que  jus  sibi  quomodolibet  com  petit, 
quecunque,  quocunquo  et  qualicunque  sint,  eorumque  ac  obtentorum  canonica" 
prebende  predictorum,  fructuum,  reddituum,  et  proventuum  veros  annuos  valores,  ac 
hujusmodi  dispensationum  tenores,  necnon  gradum  et  nobilitatem  dktorum  Walterii. 
et  Thome  senioris,  ac  Thome  junioris,  si  qui  sint,  ac  tempos  per  quod  vacantes  canoni- 
catus,  et  prebendas  ac  rectorias  et  vicariam  predictos,  respective,  detinuerunt.  pre- 
sentibus  pro  expressis  habentes,  hujusmodi  supplicationibus  inclinati,  discretioni 
vestre,  per  apostolica  scripta,  mandamus,  quatenus  vos,  vel  duo  aut  unus  vestrum.  si 
vocatis  Waltero,  et  Thoma  seniore,  ac  Thoma  jtmiore,  et  aliis  qui  iuerint  evocandi, 
canonicatus  et  prebendas  ac  rectorias  et  vicariam  predictos.  ut  premittitur.  sive  alia* 
quovis  modo,  aut  ex  alterius  cujuscunque  persona,  seu  per  liberam  resignationem 
cujusvis  de  illis  extra  dictam  curiam,  etiam  coram  notario  publico  et  testibus  sponte 
lactam,  aut  rectorie  et  vicaria  predicte,  per  constitutionem  felicis  recordations 
Johannis  Pape  XXII.  predecessoris  nostri,  que  incipit  'Execrabilis."  vel  assecurionem 
alterius  beneficii  ecclesiastici,  ordinaria  auctoritate  collati,  vacare  reppereritis,  vacantes 

canonicatus 


!73 

canonicatus  et  prebendas  eidem  Ristardo  conferre  et  assignare,  rectorias  vero  ac  vica- 
riam  predictos,  eciam  si  disposition!  apostolice  specialiter  reservati  existant,  et  super 
eis  inter  aliquos  lis  cujus  statum  presentibus  haberi  volumus,  pro  expresso  pendeat 
indecisa,  dummodo  tempore  dati  presentium  non  sit  in  eis  alicui  specialiter  jus  quesi- 
tum,  et  dicte  rectorie  de  Donnayre  collatio  devoluta  sit,  ut  prefertur,  canonicatui  et 
prebende  ecclesie  Tuamensis  hujusmodi,  quandiu  prefatus  Eistardus  illos,  si  sibi  ut 
prefertur  conferantur,  obtinuerit,  duntaxat  unire,  annectere  et  incorporare,  cum  pleni- 
tudine  juris  canonici,  ac  omnibus  juribus  et  pertinentiis  suis,  auctoritate  nostra, 
curetis,  inducentes  per  vos,  vel  alium  seu  alios,  eundem  Eistardum,  vel  procuratorem 
suum  ejus  nomine,  in  corporalem  possessionem  vacantium  canonicatuum  et  prebenda- 
rum  ac  rectoriarum  et  vicarie  unitarum,  juriumque  et  pertinentium  predictorum,  et  de- 
fendentes  indue  turn,  amotis  dictis  Waltero,  et  Thoma  seniore,  ac  Thoma  juniore,  et  qui- 
buslibet  aliis  illicitis  detentoribus  ab  eisdem,  ac  facientes  Eistardum  vel  pro  eo  procu- 
ratorem predictum,  ad  vacantes  prebendas  hujusmodi,  in  utraque  dictarum  Tuamensis 
et  Clonfertensis  ecclesiarum,  in  canonicum  recipi  et  in  fratrem,  stallo  sibi  in  clioro,  et 
loco  in  capitulo  utriusque  ipsarum  Tuamensis  et  Clonfertensis  ecclesiarum,  cum  dicti 
juris  plenitudine,  assignatis;  sibique  de  vacantium  canonicatuum  et  prebendarum,  ac 
unitarum  rectoriarum  et  vicarie  predictorum,  fructibus,  redditibus,  proventibus, 
juribus,  et  obventionibus  universis,  integre  responderi,  contradictores,  auctoritate 
nostra,  appellatione  postposita,  compescendo.  Non.obstantibus  voluntatibus  prioribus, 
ac  statuto  et  ordinatione  nostris  predictis  ;  necnon  pie  memorie  Bonifacii  Pape  VIII. 
etiam  predecessoris  nostri  ilia  presertim  qua,  inter  alia,  cavetur  ne  quis  extra  suam 
civitatem  vel  diocesim,  nisi  in  certis  exceptis  casibus,  et  in  illis  ultra  unam  dietam  a 
fine  sue  diocesis,  ad  judicium  vocetur,  seu  ne  judices,  a  sede  predicta  deputati,  extra 
civitatem  et  diocesim  in  quibus  deputati  fuerint,  contra  quoscunque  procedere,  seu  alii 
vel  aliis  vices  suas  committere  presumant.  Et  de  duabus  dietis  in  concilio  generali 
edita,  dummodo  aliquis  auctoritate  presentium  ultra  tres  dietas  non  trahatur,  et  aliis 
apostolicis  constitutionibus,  ac  Tuamensis  et  Clonfertensis  ecclesiarum  predictarum 
juramento,  confirmatione  apostolica,  vel  qua  vis  firmitate  alia  roboratis,  statutis  et  con- 
suetudinibus  contrariis  quibuscunque.  Aut  si  aliqui,  apostolica  vel  alia  quavis  auc- 
toritate, in  Tuamensis  vel  Clonfertensis  ecclesiis  predictis  in  canonicos  sint  recepti,  vel 
ut  recipiantur  insistant,  seu  si  super  provisionibus  sibi  faciendis  de  canonicatibus  et 
prebendis  ipsarum  Tuamensis  et  Clonfertensis  ecclesiarum,  ac  hujusmodi  vel  aliis 
beneficiis  ecclesiasticis  in  illis  partibus,  speciales  vel  generales,  dicta  sedis  vel  Legato- 
rum  ejus  litteras  impetrarint,  etiam  si  per  eas  ad  inhibitionem,  reservationem  et  de- 
cretum,  vel  alias  quomodolibet  sit  processum,  quasquidem  litteras  et  processus  habitos 
per  easdem  ad  rectorias  et  vicariam  predictas  nolentes  extendi,  eundem  Eistardum  in 

assecutione 


174 

assecutione  vacantium  canonicatuum  et  prebendarum  predictorum  volumus  anteferri, 

sed  nullum  per  hoc  eis,  quoad  assecutionem  canonicatuum  et  prebendarum  seu  benefi- 

ciorum  aliorum,  prejudicium  generari.     Aut  si  venerabilibus  fratribus  nostris  Tuam- 

ensi  et  Clonfertensi  Episcopis,    ac    dilectis    dictarum    Tuamensis   et   Clonfertensis 

ecclesiarum  capitulis,    vel    quibusvis   aliis   communiter    vel    divisim,    ab  eadem  eit 

sede  indultum,  quod  ad  receptionem  vel  provisionem  alicujus  minime  teneantur.   et 

ad  id  compelli,  aut  quod  interdici,  suspendi  vel  excommunicari,  aut  extra  vel  ultra 

certa   loca   ad  judicium   evocari  non   possint.     Quodque   de  canonicatibus    et  pre- 

bendis  ipsarum  Tuamensis  et  Clonfertensis  ecclesiarum,  ac  hujusmodi  vel  aliis  bene- 

ficiis  ecclesiasticis  ad  eorum  collationem,  provisionem,   presentationem   6eu  qua: 

aliam  dispositionem,  conjunctim  vel  separatim,  spectantibus,  nulli  valeat  provideri  per 

litteras  apostolicas,  non  facientes  plenam  et  expressam,  ac  de  verbo  ad  verbum  de  in- 

dulto  hujusmodi,  mentionem,  et  quibuslibet  aliis  privileges,  indulgentiis  et  litteri- 

apostolicis,  generalibus  vel  specialibus, existant,  per  que  presentibus  non 

expressa,  vel  totaliter  non  inserta,   effectus  earum  impediri  valeat  quomodolibet  vel 

diflferri,  et  de  quibus  quorumque  totis  tenoribus  habendo  sit  in  nostris  litteris  mentio 

specialis.     Seu  si  dictus  Ristardus  presens  non  fuerit,  ad  prestandum,  de  observandis 

statutis  et  consuetudinibus  Tuamensis  et  Clonfertensis  ecclesiarum  predictarum.  solita 

juramenta,  dummodo  in  absentia  sua,  per  procuratorem  ydoneum,  et ecclesias 

predictas  accesserit  corporaliter  ilia  prestet.     Volumus  autem  quod  propter  unionem, 

annexionem    et  incorporationem    predictas,    si  vigore   presentium  fiant,  rectorie  ac 

vicaria  predicte  debitis  non  fraudentur  obsequiis,  et  animarum  cura  in  eis  nullatenus 

negligatur,  sed  earum  congrue  supportentur  onera  consueta.     Ac  quod  dicto  Ristardo 

cedente  vel  decedente,  seu  canonicatum  et  prebendam  ecclesie  Tuamensis  hujusmodi 

alias  quomodolibet  dimittente,  unio,  annexio  et  incorporatio  predicte  dissolute  sint  et 

esse  censeantur,  ipseque  rectorie  et  vicaria  in  pristinum  statum  revertantur,  eo  ips< 

insuper,  ex  nunc  irritum  decernimus  et  inane,  si  secus  super  hiis  a  quoquam.  quavis 

auctoritate,  scienter  vel  ignoranter,  contigerit  attemptari.  Datum  Rome  apud  Sanctum 

Petrum,  Anno  incarnationis  Dominice  millesimo  quingentesimo  undecimo,  quinto  Id. 

Januar.  Pontificatus  nostri  anno  nono. 

[Sub  plumbeo  sigillo  pendente  a  filo  canabeo.'] 

"  Processus  de  Gnobegge,  fyc. 

"  A.jD.  1497. 

"  Reverendissimo  in  Christo  patri  domino,  domino  Willielmo,  miseracione  divina, 

Archiepiscopo  Tuamensis,   Matheus,  eadem  miseracione,  Episcopus  Clonfertensis,  ac 

David  de  Burgo  Canonicus  cathedralis  ecclesie  Clonfertensis.  ac  in  causa  rectorie  de 

Gnobeg, 


^75 

Gnobeg,  ac  vicariarum  de  Mychullyn,  et  Kylcommyn,  et  Kybrowan,  ac  Rafiun,  Enach- 
dunensis  diocesis ;  contra  et  adversus  Mauri tium  O  Flahartt  super  vicar ia  de  Gnobeg, 
ac  Rodricum  O  Kennewayn  super  vicariis  de  Kylcommyn  et  Kylrowayn,  et  contra 
Odonen  O'Flaharthit,  ad  instanciam  Wardiani,  et  octo  perpetuorum  vicariorum  ecclesie 
collegiate  Sancti  Nicholai  ville  Galvie,  dicte  diocesis,  omnibusque  aliis  et  singulis  ad 
quos  dictarum  vicariarum  et  rectorie  collacio,  provisio,  presentacio  seu  quevis  alia  dis- 
posicio,  de  jure  vel  consuetudine,  spectare  dinoscitur,  salutem,  et  nostris  ymo  verius 
apostolicis  firmiter  in  hac  parte  obedire  mandatis,  litteras  siquidem  sanctissimi  in 
Christo  patris  ac  domini,  domini  Alexandri,  digna  Dei  providencia  Pape,  sexti,  cum 
cordula  canapis,  more  Romane  curie,  bullatas,  sanas,  integras,  non  viciatas,  non  cancel- 
latas,  nee  in  aliqua  sui  parte  suspectas,  sed  omnino  prorsus  vicio  et  suspicione  carentes, 
prout,  prima  facie,  nobis  apparebat,  per  prefatos  wardianum  et  vicarios  nobis,  cum  ea 
qua  decuit  reverencia,  presentatas,  nos  noveritis  recepisse,  quarum  litterarum  tenor, 
de  verbo  ad  verbum,  sequitur,  et  est  talis.  Alexander  Episcopus,  servus  servorum 
Dei,  venerabili  fratri  nostro  episcopo  Clonfertensi,  ac  dilecto  filio  Davidi  de  Burgo 
canonico  ecclesie  Clonfertensis,  salutem  et  apostolicam  benedictionem.  Humilibus 
supplicum  votis  libenter  anuimus,  eaque  favoribus  prosequimur  oportunis.  Exhibita 
siquidem  nobis  nuper,  pro  parte  dilectorum  filiorum  wardiani  secularis  et  collegiate 
ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai  ville  Galvie,  Enachdunensis  diocesis,  et  octo  perpetuorum  vica- 
riorum, peticio,  continebat  quod,  licet  perpetua  parochialis  ecclesie  de  Mykullyn  dicte 
diocesis,  eidem  ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai,  perpetuo  canonice  unita  existit,  tamen  di- 
lectus  films  Mauricius  O'flahartt,  pro  clerico  se  gerens,  falso  asserens  vicariam  pre- 
dictam  ad  se,  pretextu  quarundam  litterarum  apostolicarum,  seu  alias,  pertinere  de 
jure,  easdem  wardianum  et  vicarios  super  hoc,  inter  alia,  petendo  vicarias  hujusmodi 
sibi  adjudicare,  coram  dilecto  filio  Milero  O'Kennewan  canonico  Tuamensi,  quem 
judicem  super  hoc  competentem,  auctoritate  apostolica,  deputatum  esse  dicebat ; 
traxit  in  causam,  et  idem  Milerus  in  causa  ipsa  perperam  procedens,  diffinitivam,  pro 
dicto  Mauritio,  et  contra  wardianum  et  vicarios  prefatos,  sentenciam  promulgavit 
iniquam,  a  qua,  pro  parte  wardiani  et  vicariorum  eorundem,  ad  sedem  fuit  apostolicam 
appellatum,  sed  ipsi  wardianus  et  vicarie,  legittimo,  ut  asserunt,  impedimento  detenti, 
appellacionem  hujusmodi  non  fuerunt  infra  tempus  debitum  prosecuti,  quare,  pro 
parte  wardiani  et  vicariorum  eorundem,  nobis  fuit  humiliter  supplicatum,  ut,  lapsu 
dicti  temporis  non  obstante,  appellationis  predicte,  ac  post  et  contra  illam  attemptato- 
rum  et  innovatorum  quorumcunque,  ac  predictarum  et  qviarumlibet  aliarum  litterarum, 
per  ipsum  Mauritium  super  hoc  quovis  modo  impetratarum,  surreptionis  et  obreptionis 
illarum,  et  processus  et  sententie  hujusmodi  ahorumque  omnium  et  singulorum  per 
Mylerum  et  Mauritium  predictos,  ac  quoscunque  alios  judices  et  personas,  in  wardiani 

et 


176 

et  vicariorum  ac  ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai  prejudicium,  circa  premissa  quocunque  ges- 
torum,  nullitatis  et  invaliditatis  tocius,  quoque  principalis  negocii,  necnon  omnes  et 
singulos  quos  wardianus  et  vicarii  predicti  contra  dictum  Mauritium,  ac  dilectos  no- 
biles  viros  Willielmum  de  Burgo,  et  ejus  fratres  ac  ejus  natos  domicellos,  et  ceteros 
eorum  consanguineos,  ac  Thadeum  M'breyn  Flaharthyt,  Ricardum  alias  Risterdum  de 
Burgo,  et  quoscunque  alios  clericos  et  laicos  super  rectoria  et  vicariis  hujusmodi,  im- 
pedimentis,  molestationibus,  dampnis  et  injuriis  eisdem  wardiano  et  vicariis  ac  ecclesie 
Sancti  Nicholai  super  hujusmodi  et  aliis  rectoriis  et  perpetuis  vicariis  ac  beneficiifi 
ecclesiasticis,  eidem  ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai  similiter  unitis,  et  illorum  occasione,  in- 
debite  illatis,  ac  aliis  rebus,  communiter  et  divisim  ;  movere  intendunt,  causas  ali- 
quibus  probis  viris  in  partibus  illis  committere,  et  alia  in  premissis  oportune  providere, 
de  benignitate  apostolica  dignaremur.  Nos  igitur  hujusmodi  supplicacionibus  inclinati, 
discretioni  vestre,  per  apostobca  scripta,  mandamus,  quatenus  vos  vel  alter  vestrum, 
si  vocatis  Mauritio  ac  clericis  et  laicis  prefatis,  ac  aliis  qui  fuerint  evocandi,  quod  de 
impedimento  hujusmodi  proponitur  veritate  fulcitur,  auditisque  hinc  inde  propos: 
eciam  de  principali  negocio  hujusmodi  cognoscentes,  legittime  quod  justum  fuerit,  ap- 
pellatione  remota  decernatis  facientes  quod  decreveritis  per  censuram  eeclesiasticam 
firmiter  observari.  Testes  autem  qui  fuerunt  nominati,  si  se  gratia,  odio  vel  tin. 
substraxerint,  censura  simili,  appellatione  cessante,  compellatis  veritati  testimonium 
perhibere.  Non  obstantibus  lapsu  dicti  temporis,  necnon  felicis  recordationis  Bone- 
facii  Pape  octavi  predecessoris  nostri  qua  cavetur,  inter  alia,  ne  quis  extra  civitatem 
et  diocesim,  nisi  in  certis  exceptis  casibus,  et  in  illis  ultra  unam  dietam  a  fine  sue  dio- 
cesis  ad  judicium  evocetur,  seu  ne  judices  ab  eadem  sede  deputati.  extra  civitatem  et 
diocesim  in  quibus  deputati  fuerint,  contra  quoscunque  procedere,  seu  alii  vel  aliis 
vices  suas  committere  presumerint,  dummodo  ultra  duas  dietas.  a'  presen- 

cium,  aliquisnon  trahatur,  et  constitutionibus  ac  ordinacionibus  apoetolicie  contrarus 
quibuscunque.  Aut  si  Mauritio  et  clericis  et  laicis  predict^,  \A  quihusvis  aliis  com- 
muniter vel  divisim,  ab  eadem  sede  sit  indultum,  quod  suspendi.  interdici  vel  ex- 
communicari  non  possint,  aut  extra  vel  citra  loca  ad  judicium  evocari  non  possint,  per 
literas  apostolicas  non  facientes  plenam  et  expressam.  ac  de  verbo  ad  verbum  et  inde 
indulto  hujusmodi  mentionem.  Datum  Rome  apud  Sanctum  Petrum  anno  incarna- 
tionis  dominice  M°.ccccmo  nonagesimo  sexto,  tercio  Idiis  April  is.  Pontificatus  nostri 
anno  quarto.  Post  quarum  quidem  literarum  apostolicarum  presentacionem  et  recep- 
tacionem  nobis,  et  per  nos  factas,  fuimus  per  prefatos  wardianum  et  vicarios  debita 
cum  instancia  requisiti,  quatenus  id  executionem  predictarum  literarum  et  contento- 
rum  in  eis  procedere  dignaremur.     Nos  igitur  mandatum  apostolicum  volentes  exequi, 

ut  tenemur,  competencie  jurisdictionis  et  vahditatis  litterarum  ac 

citacionis 


i77 

citacionis  citandorum  per  nos  prius  interpositis,  decretis  certis  nostris  nunciis  et  ap- 
paritoribus,  per  nostras  patentes  literas,  dedimus  in  mandatis,  quos  predictos  Mauri- 
tium, Odonem  et  Rodericum  dictarum  vicariarum  et  rectorie  detentores,  ad  instanciam 
predictorum  wardiani  et  octo  perpetuorum  vicariorum,  predictos  Mauritium,  Odonem 
et  Rodericum  citarent  seu  citari  facerent  ad  certos  diem  et  locum,  ipsisque  ajjparitoribus 
coram  nobis  apparentibus,  in  die  et  loco  prestitis,  juramentis  de  emissione  citacionis 
fidem  coram  nobis  facientibus,  de  personali  citacione  predictorum  Mauritii,  Odonis  et 
Roderici,  corporali  prestito  juramento,  fidem  fecerent,  et  quod  ipsis  personaliter  citatis, 
manifeste  ac  palam  et  publice  dixerint,  et  ipsorum  quilibet  dixit,  se  nullatenus  velle 
comparere,  assumptisque  nobis  ante  omnia  duobus  viris  ydoniis,  in  locum  tabellionis 
datis  decretis  per  nos  manifeste  contumacie  predictorum  citatorum,  proposita  peticione 
formali  coram  nobis  per  procuratorem  predictorum  wardiani  et  vicariorum,  de  cujus 
procuratoris  nobis  legittime  constabat  assignatisque  prius  modis  diversis  terminis,  pro 
convincenda  predictorum  manifesta  contumacia,  ipsisque  minime  comparentibus,  nee 
per  se  neque  per  procuratores,  in  ipsorum  manifesta  contumacia  perseverantes.  Mon- 
stratis  articulis  ex  parte  wardiani  et  vicariorum,  super  veritate  petitorum  et  rela- 
torum,  testibus  super  premissis  rite  receptis,  et  ipsorum  attestacionibus  publicatis,  ac 
Uteris  vestris,  pariter  et  apostolicis,  super  unione  predictorum  beneficiorum  facta  ipsi 
ecclesie  collegiate  Sancti  Nicholai  ville  Galvie,  ex  parte  predictorum  wardiani  et 
vicariorum  nobis  in  judicio  exhibitis,  et  perlectis  diligenter,  discussis  et  examinatis, 
invenimus  pariter  cognovimus  luculenter  fore  probatum,  quod  prefati  Mauritius,  Odo 
et  Rodericus  in  rectoria  et  vicariis  predictis,  predictos  wardianum  et  vicarios,  de  facto, 
perturbarunt  et  inquietarunt,  quo  minus  fructus,  redditus  et  proventus  dictarum  rec- 
torie et  vicariarum  percipere  possint,  ac  quod  ipsi appellacionem  a  dilecto  filio 

MyleroO'Kennewan  per  wardianum  et  vicarios  interpositam,  et  ab  ejus  sentenciam  inno- 
varunt  et  attemptarunt,  fructus,  redditus  et  proventus  dictarum  rectorie  et  vicariarum 

insuos usque  in  prejudicium  non  modicum  die torum  wardiani  et  vicariorum,  et 

ecclesie  collegiate  Sancti  Nicholai,  dampnabiliter  convertendo.  Ideoque  nos,  Altissimi 
nomine  invocato,  de  cujus  vultu  rectum  procedit  judicium,  cujusque  oculi  vident  equi- 
tatem,  predictam  sentenciam,  auctoritateapostolica  qua  fungimur  in  hac  parte,  infirmamus, 
cassamus  et  irritamus,  et  cassam  et  irritam,  ymo  verius  nullamforeet  esse,  per  presentes 
pronunciamus.  Quapropter  vobis  Reverendissimo  domino  ac  domino  Willielmo  archie- 
piscopo  Tuamensi,  in  virtute  Sancte  obediencie  precipimus,  et  precipiendo  mandamus, 
quatemis,  visis  presentibus  Uteris,  predictos  Mauritium,  Odonem  et  Rodericum,  auc- 
toritate  nostra,  ymo  verius  apostolica,  moneatis  ut  infra  sex  dies,  lecturam  presencium 
immediate  sequentes,  ut  a  dicta  molestacione  et  perturbacione  omnino  desistant, 
realiter  et  cum  effectu,  qui  momtis,  vestris  ymo  verius  nostris  et  apostolicis,  non  per- 
venerint[s?c]  elapsis  supradictis  vi.  diebus,  quorum  duos  pro  primo,  duos  pro  secundo  re- 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.  NO.  1 5.  2  A  liquos 


i78 

liquos  vero  duos  dies  pro  tertio  et canonice  monicionis  termino  ipsie  aoigmmmai, 

qui  in  hoc culpabiles  reperti  fuerunt,  auctoritate nostra  apostolica,  cum  suh  defeaamboa, 
consiliariis,  et  fautoribus,  majoris  excommunicacionis  vinculo  innodetis,  quos  eciam  nos, 
eadem  auctoritate  apostolica,  innodamus  et  innodatos  fore  et  esse,  per  presentes  decla- 
ramus.  Nichilominus  vobis  omnibus  et  singulis  in  salutacionem  contents,  precipimus, 
sub  penis  quibus  decet  canonicis,  et  precipiendo  mandamus,  quatenus  predictos  per- 
turbatores  et  molestatores  wardiani  et  vicariorum  in  dictis  rectoria  et  vicariis,  cum 
fautoribus  defensoribus  suis  et  consiliariis,  omnibus  diebus  dominicis 
communicatos  esse,  excommunicatione  majori,  publice  nuncietis,  et,  licet  ex  super- 
habundanti  exercetis,  pulsatis  campanis  et  candelis  accensis.  Insuper  ecianx,  vobis 
Eeverendissimo  domino  ac  domino  Willielmo  archiepiscopo  Tuamensi,  cui  ob  reve- 
renciam  pontificalem  officii  in  hiis  duximus  deferendum,  precipimus,  et  precipiendo 
mandamus,  quod  hunc  nostrum  processum  apostolicum  reverenter  et  hurniliter  sus- 
cipiatis,  et  a  vestris  suscipi  faciatis,  necnon  sibi  et  suis  preceptis  et  mandatis  infra  sex 
dies,  a  tempore  ipsius  exhibicionis  ot  ostencionis  vobis  facte,  humiliter  pare., 
respondeatis,  et  a  vestris  subditis  faciatis  integre  responded,  quorum  sex  dierum, 
duos  pro  primo,  duos  pro  secundo  reliquos  vero  duos  dies  pro  tertio  et  monitorie  canonice 
monitionis  termino  vobis  assignamus:  qui  si  monitis  nostris,  ymo  verius  ■ 
non  parieritis  elapsis  sex  diebus,  vos  ab  ingressu  ecclesie  interdiciinu-.  r  alios 

sex  dies,  supradictos  sex  dies  immediate  sequentes,  pertinaciter  non  parieri: 
ab  omni  pontificali  officio  interdicimus,  et  si,  quod  absit,  per  alios  sex  dies,  predictos 
xn.  dies  immediate  sequentes,  non  persisteris  indurato,  ab  omnibus  divinis  officii*, 
auctoritate  apostolica,  vos  suspendimus,  per  presentes,  omnesque  alios  et  singulos, 
majoris  excommunicacionis  vinculo,  innodamus.  Acta  sunt  hec  in  ecclesia  parochiali 
de  Ballaynpatrik,  Clonfertensis  diocesis,  xvi°.  die  mensis  Decembris,  Anno  Domini 
millesimo,  quadringentessimo,  nonagesimo  septimo." 

"I.  H.  S.  Maria. 
"  Et  ego  vero,   Matheus  Lorcan  Enaehdunensis  diocesis.  ac  publieu*. 
Imperiali  auctoritate.  notarius,  suprascriptum  processum  apostolicum 
ali   initio  et  principaliter  scriptum   et   subscriptum  per  duos 
ydoneos,  viz.,  per  magistrum   David  0'  i  .  canonicum  cathe- 

dralis  ecclesie  Clonfertensis,  et  dominum  Mauritium  O'flYne. 
dem  diocesis  presbiterum,  jussu  et   rogatn  prefatorum  judicum.  de 
verbo  ad  verbum   in  hanc  publicam  formam   transumsi  fideliter  et 
exemplavi,  eaque,  mei?  signis  solit.-  -  ietis.  roboravi.  unacum 

apposicione   sigillorum  supradictorum    judicum.    in   fide   et   robore 
omnium  et  singulorum  premissorum,  et  requisitus." 

The 


179 

The  rarity  of  original  Rescripts  from  Rome,  particularly  since  the  enactment  of 
the  English  Statute  28  Henry  VIII.  c.  16,  and  their  great  value  towards  a  complete 
ecclesiastical  history  of  Ireland,  a  work  which  yet  remains  to  be  written,  will,  it  is 
hoped,  excuse  the  Editor  for  inserting  those  above  given.  That  a  general  collection 
of  these  important  documents  would  throw  considerable  light  upon  many  dark  and 
doubtful  portions  of  Irish  history  is  obvious ;  but  it  is  to  be  regretted,  that  few  only 
are  to  be  met  with  in  any  of  our  public  repositories  or  libraries.  Even  Bishop 
Nicholson,  in  his  Historical  Library,  affords  but  little  information  on  the  subject.  The 
student  must,  therefore,  have  recourse  to  the  Roman  Bullarium,  and  to  those  of  the 
Regular  Orders,  from  which  De  Burgo,  in  his  History  of  the  Dominicans,  has  drawn 
so  largely.  Many  ancient  Bulls  and  Briefs  will  be  found  entered  in  our  diocesan 
archives,  particularly  in  the  Registries  of  Archbishops  Fleming,  Swain,  Prene,  &c, 
of  Armagh,  and  Alan  of  Dublin.  They  also  occur  in  private  collections,  and  parti- 
cularly among  the  old  Roman  Catholic  families  of  Ireland. 

The  ecclesiastical  division  of  West  Connaught  is  thus  given  in  the  Regal  Visitation 

of  A.  D.  1 61 5,  the  original  of  which  is  preserved  in  the  Chief  Remembrancer's  Office, 

Dublin :  "  Decanatus  de  Mothcullen. 

f  Pertinet  ad  Collegium  Gallivie. 

"  Rectoria  de  Mothcullen,  <  Vicaria  ibidem  spectat  ad  idem  Collegium. 

LCuratus  nullus. 

"  Rathana, Rectoria  spectat  ad  idem  Coll. 

f  Rectoria  impropriata.     Comes  Clanricard  firmarius. 
"  Rectoria     de    Kilconyn.  J  T7-      .     -,        •,  ,  .,       „  „ 

J     <   V  icaria  de  eadem  spectat  ad  idem  Coll. 

L  Curatus,  Bernardus  Mc.  Gilpatrick. 

f  Impropriata.     Comes  Clanricard  firmarius. 

"  Rectoria  de  Killathin,     .  \  Vicarius  ibidem,  Bernard  Me.  Gilpatrick.  Minister  legens 

L     non  comparuit. 

"  Rectoria  de  Moyras,  re-  f  Impropriata.     Johannes  King  miles  firmarius. 

sidens, |  Vicarius  de  eadem,  Keala  Dulhy.     Valor  55. 

r  Impropriata.  Johannes  King  miles  firmarius. 

"  Rectoria  de  Ballyandum.  j  Vicarius  de  eadem  Richardus  Brenagh,    studii   gratia. 

Curatus  residens,  .     .  1       Valor  5s.    Ecclesia  edificata  more  patrio. 

LCuratus,  Anthonius  Blake  minister. 

Impropriata.     Johannes  King  miles  firmarius. 

Vicarius   de  eadem,  David  O'Molavoyle,   studii  gratia. 


Rectoria  de   Uma-fahin. 


Vicarius  non  residens.  ^       Valor  as 


Curatus  residens, 


Curatus  idem  Blake. 

2  A  2  "  Rectoria 


ISO 

"  Rectoria    de   Ballykilly.  rlmpropriata.     Idem  Johannes  firmarius. 

Vicarius  non  residens.  <  Vicarius  de  eadem  David  O'Molavoyle,  studii  gratia. 
Curatus  residens,  .     .  L  Curatus  Anthonius  Blake. 

'Impropriata.     Johannes  King  miles  firmarius. 
Vicarius     de     eadem   Matheus    Darsie.     studii     gratia. 

Valor  45. 
Xuratus,  Thomas  Kealy,  minister  legens." 

Ex  orig.  in  Officio  Cap.  Rem.  Scacc.  Dub.  asservata. 


Eectoria  de  Rossa.     Vi- 
carius   non    residens. < 
Curatus  residens, 


NOTE  D.  Seepage  10,  note*.  "Wolves:' 
In  a  popular  work  entitled  "  The  present  State  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland." 
printed  in  London,  A.  D.  1738,  it  is  stated  that  "  Wolves  still  abound  too  much  in 
Ireland  ;  they  pray  for  the  wolves,  least  they  should  devour  them."  A  little  inquiry 
might,  however,  have  satisfied  the  worthy  author,  that  there  was  not  then,  nor  for  many 
years  before,  a  wolf  to  be  found  in  Ireland. 

But  that  wolves  did  abound  in  Ireland  in  the  seventeenth  century,  and  particularly 
in  the  early  part  of  it,  there  are  several  melancholy  proofs  on  record.     The  following 
curious  and  hitherto  unpublished  documents  on  this  subject,  have  been  extrac: 
the  Editor  from  the  original  Privy  Council  Books  of  Cromwell's  government  in  Ireland, 
now  preserved  in  Dublin  Castle. 

"Declaration  against  transporting  of  Wolfe  Dogges."" 
"  Forasmuch  as  we  are  credibly  informed,  that  "Wolves  doe  much  increase  and 
destroy  many  cattle  in  several  partes  of  this  Dominion,  and  that  some  of  the  enemie's 
party,  who  have  laid  down  armes,  and  have  liberty  to  go  beyond  sea,  and  others,  do 
attempt  to  carry  away  several  such  great  dogges  as  are  commonly  called  wolfe  dogges, 
whereby  the  breed  of  them,  which  are  useful  for  destroying  of  wolves,  would  (if  not 
prevented)  speedily  decay.  These  are,  therefore,  to  prohibit  all  persons  whatsoever 
from  exporting  any  of  the  said  Dogges  out  of  this  Dominion  ;  and  searchers  and  other 
officers  of  the  customs,  in  the  several  partes  and  creekcs  of  this  Dominion,  are  1 
strictly  required  to  seize  and  make  stopp  of  all  such  dogges,  and  debver  them  either  to 
the  common  huntsman,  appointed  for  the  precinct  where  they  are  seized  upon,  or  to 
the  governor  of  the  said  precinct. — Dated  at  Kilkenny,  27th  April  1652."' — Council 

Book,  A. 

We  here  discover  one  of  the  causes  of  the  decay  and  extinction  of  these  "  great  wolfe 
doles''  which  were  peculiar  to  Ireland  ;  and  a  different  species  from  the  "  Canes 
venaticos    quos    Grehoundi  vocamus,"    mentioned  by  Camden,  727.     But  that  the 

"common 


181 

"  common  huntsmen,"  even  with  their  aid,  did  not  immediately  prevent  the  ravages 
of  the  wolves,  appears  from  the  following  declaration,  issued  the  year  after  the  pre- 
ceding : 

"  Declaration  touchinge  the  Poore" 

"  Upon  serious  consideration  had  of  the  great  multitudes  of  poore,  swarming  in  all 
partes  of  this  nation,  occasioned  by  the  devastations  of  the  country,  and  the  habit  of 
licentiousness  and  idleness  which  the  generality  of  the  people  have  acquired  in  the  time 
of  this  rebellion,  insomuch,  that  frequently  some  are  found  feeding  on  carrion  and 
weeds,  some  starved  in  the  highways,  and  many  times  poore  children,  who  lost  their 
parents,  or  deserted  by  them,  are  found  exposed  to,  some  of  them  fed  upon  by  ravening 
wolves,  and  other  beasts  and  birds  of  prey ;  the  said  Commissioners  conceive  it  a  duty 
incumbent  upon  them,  to  use  all  honest  and  laudable  waies  and  means  for  the  relief  of 
such  poore  people. — And  forasmuch  as  at  present  the  poverty  of  the  country  is  so 
great,  and  the  number  of  poore  who  (by  reason  of  the  wasting  of  the  country)  have 
neither  friends  or  habitations  to  resort  unto,  are  so  many,  that  the  ordinary  course 
provided  by  law  for  their  reliefe,  cannot  be  so  efFectuall  as  is  desired  :  the  Commis- 
sioners have  resolved,  and  doe  hereby  order  and  declare,  that  subscriptions  shall  be 
taken  in  every  precinct  in  Ireland,  of  all  such  persons  (either  civill  or  military)  as  shall 
be  willing  to  underwrite  any  sum  of  money  for  the  reliefe  of  poore  children  or  other 
the  uses  aforesaid,  for  one  year  next  ensuing,  to  be  paid  quarterly,  and  some  part 
thereof  to  be  advanced  beforehand.  And  the  said  Commissioners  have  thought  fitt  to 
publish  this  declaration  in  printt,  that  all  such  as  have  received  mercy  from  the  Lord 
by  being  enabled  to  administer  relief  unto  others,  may  lay  hold  on  this  opportunity, 
to  honor  him  with  their  substance,  by  contributing  cheerfully  to  this  so  publick  and 
charitable  a  work,  as  faithful  stewards  of  those  talents  wherewith  God  hath  intrusted 
them. — Dated  at  Dublin,  the  12th  May,  1653. — Charles  Fleetwood — Edmond 
Ludlow — Miles  Corbet — John  Jones." — Council  Book. 

This  was  soon  after  followed  by  the  following 

"Declaration  touching  Wolves.'''' 

"  For  the  better  destroying  of  wolves,  which  of  late  years  have  much  increased  in 
most  parts  of  this  nation,  It  is  ordered  that  the  commanders  in  chiefe  and  commis- 
sioners of  the  Revenue  in  the  several  precincts,  doe  consider  of,  use  and  execute  all 
good  wayes  and  meanes,  how  the  wolves,  in  the  counties  and  places  within  the  respec- 
tive precincts,  may  be  taken  and  destroyed  ;  and  to  employ  such  person  or  persons, 
and  to  appoint  such  daies  and  tymes  for  hunting  the  wolfe,  as  they  shall  adjudge 
necessary.     And  it  is  further  ordered,  that  all  such   person  or  persons,  as  shall  take, 

kill 


182 


kill,  or  destroy  any  wolfes,  and  shall  bring  forth  the  head  of  the  woulfe  before  the  said 
commanders  of  the  revenue,  shall  receive  the  sums  following,  viz.,  for  every  Bitch 
wolfe,  six  pounds  ;  for  every  Dogg  wolfe,  five  pounds  ;  for  every  cubb  which  prayeth 
for  himself,  forty  shillings  ;  for  every  suckling  cubb,  ten  shillings  :  And  no  woolfe 
after  the  last  of  September  until  the  ioth  of  January  be  accounted  a  young  woolfe,  and 
the  Commissioners  of  the  Revenue  shall  cause  the  same  to  be  equallie  assessed  within 
their  precincts. — Dublin,   29th  June  1653."— Id. 

The  assessments  for  the  useful  work  here  ordered  fell  heavily  on  some  districts. 
Thus  in  Deeember,  1665,  the  inhabitants  of  Mayo  county  petitioned  the  Council  of 
State,  that  the  Commissioners  of  assessment  might  be  at  liberty  to  compound  for 
Wolfe-heads  ;  which  was  ordered  acccordingly. — Id.  A  great  national  good  was, 
however,  effected.  Those  destructive  animals  were  finally  extirpated,  insomuch  that, 
in  the  early  part  of  the  eighteenth  century  the  appearance  of  a  wolf  was  considered  a 
rarity  in  Ireland. 

The  necessity  for  destroying  the  wolves  during  the  foregoing  melancholy  period,  may 
be  further  estimated  from  the  following  order  of  "  the  State;"  calculated  to  pre-, 
the  "  starved"  and  defenceless   "poore  vagrants"  alluded  to,   from  falli 
them. 

'■'■Order  touching  poore  Vagrants'' 

"  Upon  consideration  had  of  the  multitude  of  persons,  especiallie  women  and  children, 
wandering  upp  and  down  the  country,  that  daily  perish  in  ditches,  and  are  starved  for 
want  of  relief.     It  is  thought  fitt  that  such  women  as  have  able  bodyes  to  worke,  and 
such  children  of  about  1 2  years,  whose  husbands  or  parents  are  dead  or  gone  beyond 
sea,  or  who  have  not  friends  to  maintain  them,  or  means  of  their  owne  to  preserve 
them  from  starving,  may  be  taken  up  by  the  overseers  of  the  poore,  and  that  to  | 
vent  the  said  persons  from  starving,  the  overseers  are  hereby  authorized  to  treat  with 
merchants   for  the  transporting  the  said  persons  into  some  English  plantations   in 
America. — Dublin,  1st  July  1653." — Id.  This  mandate  appears  not  to  have  been  effec- 
tual, for  the  year  after  the  following  entry  occurs:    "  13  Dec  1^54.     Proposed  unto 
his  Highenes,  the  conveniency  and  good  that  probably  may  tend  unto  the  natioi.. 
the  yearly  transportation  of  some  fitt  number  of  Irish  children  into  England  ;  to  be 
bred  in  the  English  customes,  and  from  their  superstition,  by  being  distributed  into 
such  parishes  in  England  and  Wales  as  may  be  thought  meete."" — Id.     N 
appears  to  have  been  made  on  this  proposal. 

The  unpublished  annals  of  Ireland  contain  some  curious  notices  of  Wolves.  Those 
of  Clonmacnoise,  quoted  note  y,  p.  51,  ante,  state  that,  in  A.  D.  688,  "a  wolf  was  seen 
and  heard  to  speak  with  human  voice."     See  also  for  this,  the  Annals  of  the  Four 

Masters. 


"83 

Masters,  at  A.  D.  690.  This  wonderful  wolf  was  probably  what  the  old  Germans 
called  a  Were-wolf,  for  which  see  Verstegan,  p.  237.  Cambrensis  has  inserted  this 
notable  story  in  his  Topographia.  The  Book  of  Lecan,  fol.  61,  and  from  it  Colgan, 
p.  754,  relate  how  one  Lon,  who  had  impiously  opposed  St.  Cormac,  going  to  Sliabh 
Botha  Mountain,  near  Rosargid,  was  devoured  by  wolves  t)uctcap  coin  allca  e ;  and 
a  heap  or  Carncloch  was  laid  on  his  bones.  In  the  sixteenth  century,  wolves  com- 
mitted great  devastation  in  Munster.  After  the  destruction  of  Kilmallock  by  James 
Fitz-Maurice  in  A.  D.  1591,  that  place  became  the  haunt  of  wolves.  For  their  ravages 
during  Desmond's  rebellion,  see  O'Sullivan  in  Compend.  lib.  viii.  ch.  6.  ;  and  at 
a  later  period,  Moryson,  vol.  ii.  p.  367,  Dub.  Ed.  See  also  Lombard,  De  Regno  Hib. 
p.  92. 

NOTE  E.  Seepage  12,  note3:  "Whales." 
Our  Author  has  noticed  the  stranding  of  several  whales  on  the  coasts  of  Iar-Con- 
naught ;  and  since  his  time  many  have  been  cast  ashore  there.  The  following  extract 
from  a  communication  made  by  Lieutenant  Burroughs,  commander  of  the  Coast  Guard 
in  the  West  of  Ireland,  and  embodied  in  the  valuable  Fishery  Report,  alluded  to  p.  11, 
note2,  ante,  may,  on  this  subject,  be  considered  interesting.  "  This  coast,  i.e.  the 
west  and  north-west  coast  of  Ireland  (  one  of  the  best  fishing  coasts  in  Europe,  abound- 
ing, from  the  most  productive  Whales,  both  Spermaceti  and  Greenland,  to  the  common 
herring),  possesses  the  worst  and  most  ignorant  race  of  fishermen,  and  (with  a  few 
exceptions)  very  indifferent  boatmen.  But  the  cause  of  these  remarks  may  be  easily 
accounted  for  ;  their  poverty,  which  prevents  them  from  procuring  proper  stout 
vessels  for  so  dangerous  a  coast,  and  almost  total  absence  of  all  patronage  and  support 
to  follow  up  with  energy  and  spirit  the  unbounded  sources  of  wealth  which  nature 
has  thrown  within  their  grasp.  It  may  appear  still  more  extraordinary  to  those  con- 
nected so  extensively  in  the  Greenland  and  South  Sea  whale  fishery,  that  they  should 
so  long  have  remained  in  ignorance  that  those  fish  abound  on  the  coast  which  I  have 
described.  In  order  to  give  proof  to  so  bold  an  assertion,  I  shall  state  some  circum- 
stances which  came  under  my  immediate  observation  in  my  own  vessels,  and  at 
a  subsequent  period  in  command  of  a  revenue  cutter.  On  a  visit,  in  company  with 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Mahon,  to  the  sun  fishery  at  Bofin  Island,  we  strayed  on  a  blustry  day 
to  observe  the  coast  and  breakers  ;  at  a  short  distance  from  the  shore  we  saw  several 
large  fish,  which  I  supposed  to  be  grampusses  or  finners,  that  had  taken  shelter  under 
the  lee  of  the  island:  still  looking  closely  at  them,  they  advanced  towards  the  rocks 
immediately  under  the  cliffs,  where  we  had  a  perfect  view  of  them  at  a  distance  of 
500  yards  with  a  spy-glass,  their  double  tufted  heads  quite  conspicuous,  and  no 
intervening  back-fins;  I  decided  at  once  on  their  species.    In  the  month  of  July,  after 

*  the 


i84 

the  sun  fishery,  a  large  Spermaceti  whale  was  drifted  on   shore,  dead,  at  the  I 
Bunowen,  in  Connemara,  about  two  leagues  from  Clifden  or  Ardbear  Harbour;  in 
consequence  of  the  ignorance  of  the  peasantry  and  boatmen,  and  their  continual  squab- 
bling and  fighting,  three-fourths  of  the  oil  was  lost  ;  the  surface  of  the  bay  was  dyed 
with  a  rainbow  tinge  from  the  floating  particles  of  oil.     Shortly  after  an  immense  fish 
was  towed  into  the  Island  of  Turk,  by  three  of  the  island  fishing-boats  ;  the  m> 
was  observed  floating  about  a  mile  from  the  island,  and  had  been  but  recently  killed, 
but  how  could  not  be  ascertained ;  this  fish  completely  filled  up  the  small  and  only 
inlet  in  the  island,  and  measured  in  length  thirty-three  yards ;  it  was  claimed  : 
proprietor,  I  believe  the  Archbishop  of  Tuam,  who,  I  had  been  inform  it  up 

to  the  islanders.    A  small  village  near  the  place  where  they  had  towed  it  up  to  Portly 
became  deserted,  the  inhabitants  never  calculating  on  the  foetid  air  i  their 

imprudence.     The  islanders  were  two  months  employed  in  cutting  up  and  launching 
over  the  cliffs  the  bones  and  remains  of  their  prize.    About  the  beginning  of  A 
in  beating  down  Blacksod  Bay,  with  light  airs,  and  near  the  Island  of  Inniskea,  two 
large  whales  came  nearly  alongside  the  cutter." 

The  Parliamentary  Eeport  from  which  the  foregoing  extra'  I 
ciently  proves  that  no  part  of  England  or  Ireland  is  better  situut 
the  endless  treasures  of  the  deep,  than  this  of  Iar-Connaught.     But  its  population 
derives  little  benefit  from  the  vast  supply  of  every  kind  of  fish  which  annualh 
its  shores.     When  the  fisheries  on  the  west  coast  of  Ireland  shall  meet  with  adequate 
encouragement,  the  poor,  and  often  destitute,  inhabitants  of  the  district  will  } 
industrious  and  happy.     It  has  been  with  many  a  matter  of  serious  doubt,  «  . 
the  injury  entailed  on  the  Irish  fisheries  by  the  following  royal  "1>  ■  a"  of 

King  Edward  VI.,   "  to  eate  flesh  at  forbidden  times,"  has  been  count 
the  Royal  and  Parliamentary  Acts  in  their  favour,  from  his  time  to  ti.  I  day- 

"  And  where,  by  the  lower  and  common  orders  of  our  Eealme,  certain  dayes  and 
tymes  be  appointed  nott  onely  to  eat  ffyshe :  Our  pleasure  by  advise  aforesaid,  is,  that 
you,  our  Deputie,  shall  and  may,  by  force  hereof,  graunte  to  such  and  as  ni~: 
thinke  good,  full  libertie  to  eate  fleshe  in  all  tynies  forbidden  :  Any  statu: 
custome  to  the  contrarie,  notwithstanding. — To  Sir  A  S  ger,  Ki.t.  L.  D. 

of  our  realme   of  Ireland,  and   to  the  rest  of  our    counsaill  there."— Pat    J. 
Edw.  VI.  Rolls  Office,  Dublin. 

NOTE  F.     See  page  13,  note  e.     "  Geology  of  Iar-Connaught." 

The  first  development  of  the  Geology  of  Iar-Connaught  was  made   by  the  late 
Alexander  Nimmo,  one  of  the  ablest  engineers  and  geologists  of  his  time.   It  appeared 

in 


i85 

in  his  Report  on  the  Bogs  of  Gal  way,  West  of  Lough  Corrib,  printed  in  the  Appendix 
to  the  Fourth  Report  of  the  Commissioners  on  the  Nature  and  Extent  of  the  Bogs  of 
Ireland,  ordered  by  the  House  of  Commons  to  be  printed,  28th  April,  1814.  The 
geological  portion  of  Mr.  Nimmo's  Report  Avill  prove  a  valuable  and  appropriate  addi- 
tion to  the  description  of  West  Connaught. 

The  Royal  Dublin  Society,  aware  of  the  mineralogical  importance  of  these  western 
districts,  in  A.  D.  1825-8,  deputed  their  Professor  of  Mineralogy  and  Geology,  Sir 
Charles  L.  Giesecke,  to  proceed  thither,  and  report  the  result  of  his  investigations. 
His  Reports  are  incorporated  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Society.  Perhaps  no  other  part 
of  Ireland  has  had  the  advantage  of  similar  investigations;  and  we  are  not  altogether 
without  a  hope  that  they  may  ultimately  prove  advantageous  to  this  long  neglected 
district. 

NOTE  G.     See  page  1 7,  note  °.     "  Lough  Measg.'" 

On  an  island  in  this  lake,  Eoghan  Beul,  fourth  Christian  King  of  Connaught,  who 
began  his  reign,  according  to  Tigernach,  in  A.  D.  502,  held  his  residence.  See  the 
curious  life  of  St.  Cormac  in  the  Book  of  Lecan,  fol.  63,  and  in  Colgan,  p.  752,  for  an 
account  of  the  Saint's  visit  to  that  king,  at  his  Dun  or  residence,  called  Dun  Eoghain, 
on  the  island  of  Inis-meadhoin  (now  Inishmean)  in  Lough  Measg.  Here  an  abbey, 
said  to  have  been  predicted  by  St.  Cormac,  was  afterwards  erected. — Id.  In  A.D. 
1223,  Maoiliosa,  son  of  Torlogh  O'Conor,  prior  of  Inis-meadhoin,  died. — Four  Masters 
A.D.  1227,  the  abbey  was  burned  by  the  forces  of  Hugh  O'Conor,  who  was  leagued 
with  the  De  Burgos — LI.  Some  ruins  of  this  abbey  yet  remaining,  indicate  it  to 
have  been  a  small  but  beautiful  building.  The  site  and  considerable  vestiges  of  the 
Dun  of  Eoghan  Beul  may  still  be  traced.  The  celebrated  Cathal  Crovedearg  O'Co- 
nor, King  of  Connaught,  was  born  at  the  harbour  of  Lough  Mask  ;  and  was  fostered  by 
Teige  O'Concanon,  at  Hy-Diarmada  in  the  present  county  of  Galway,  the  ancient 
patrimony  of  the  O'Concanons.  Cathal  died  in  A.  D.  1224.  For  a  curious  notice  of 
Eoghan  Beul,  see  "  The  Tribes  and  Customs  of  Hy-Fiachrach,"  p.  471,  edited  by  Mr. 
O'Donovan,  for  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society,  A.D.  1844. 

Caislen  na  Caillighe,  or  Hag's  Castle,  on  Lough  Measg,  called  by  our  author  "an 
impregnable  castle,"  is  frequently  mentioned  in  our  annals.  In  A.D.  1195,  Catha 
the  son  of  Dermott  led  an  army  from  Minister  into  Connaught  ;  and  proceeded  with- 
out interruption  until  he  arrived  at  Lough  Measg  and  Inis  Robha  ;  where  he  captured 
the  boats  or  vessels  of  Cathal  Crovdearg  O'Conor,  King  of  Connaught,  and  brought 
them  to  Caislen  na  Caillighe.  A.  D.  1233,  Cathal's  son  and  successor,  Felim  King  of 
Connaught,  demolished  this  castle,  and  others  throughout  the  province,   which  were 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.  1 5.  2B  erected 


1 86 

erected  by  the  sons  of  Roderic  O'Conor  and  the  De  Burgos.  It  was  afterwards  re- 
built by  the  Bourkes,  and  continued  in  the  possession  of  their  descendants  until 
A.  D.  1586,  when  it  was  besieged  by  Sir  Richard  Bingham,  Governor  of  Connaught. 
It  was  then  considered  the  strongest  fortress  in  the  province,  and  was  defended  a. 
him  by  Risdeard  an  Chorrain  Bourke,  and  others  of  his  kinsmen,  the  descendants  of 
Richard  O'Cuairsci  Bourke,  who  had  nocked  thither,  as  well  for  safety  as  to  avoid 
attending  the  "English"  session  (assizes),  then  first  established  in  this  country.  The 
Governor  attacked  it  with  some  four  or  five  vessels  manned  with  the  best  of  his  troops ; 
but  was  obliged  to  retire,  with  the  loss  of  one  vessel  and  several  men.  The  Bourkes, 
however,  apprehensive  of  the  result,  retreated  with  their  wives  and  children  across 
Lough  Measg.  The  Governor  thereupon  demolished  the  castle,  and  caused  Richard  oge. 
commonly  called  Falfo  Erinn,  the  son  of  Mac  William  Bourke.  to  be  put  to  death. 
See  an  account  of  this  transaction  in  the  Four  Masters,  at  A.  D.  1586;  but  it  will  be 
found  more  amply  detailed  in  Bingham's,  own  narrative  in  Stowe's  Chronicle,  London, 
1632,  fo.  p.  720,  et  seq.  The  death  of  this  young  chief  caused  a  great  sensation  at  the 
time.  It  formed  one  of  the  Forty-three  Articles  of  Complaint  against  Bingham,  de- 
livered to  the  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland  in  A.  D.  1595  ;  and  to  it  the  accused  Governor 
gave  the  following  answer  : — "  Richard  oge,  commonly  called  the  Perall  of  Ireland, 
was  well  and  worthily  executed  likewise,  for,  pretending  to  do  service,  laide  a  plot  in 
deed  to  bring  in  Scotts,  aud  raise  a  generall  rebellion  within  that  County,  having 
made  his  castle  for  that  same  purpose,  as  appeareth  by  an  act  then  sett  down  under 
the  said  Sir  Richard's  hand,  and  seven  more  of  the  councell  of  the  province,  which 
were  present  at  that  time,  and  witness  to  the  whole  proceeding  ;  and  likewise  with 
the  consent  of  the  best  gents  of  the  countrie  themselves,  Sir  Richard  having  no 
meane  of  ordinary  trial  at  that  time,  by  reason  of  the  great  troubles;  and  that  he 
was  worthily  executed,  and  the  same  no  manner  of  discontentment  or  feare  to  any, 
appeare  by  the  aforesaid  certificate  under  all  their  hands;  but  all  those  niatn:  8 
Richard  hath  answered  before,  and  of  this  is  acquitted  by  the  Councell.*'  See  the 
answers  to  all  the  charges,  preserved  in  the  Cotton  Library,  British  Museum.  Titus 
B.  xiii.,  p.  451.  The  charges  themselves  I  have  not  found,  but  suppose  that  they 
may  be  discovered  among  the  State  Papers  of  the  reign  of  Elizabeth.  To  the  futurr 
topographer  or  historian  of  this  part  o\'  Ireland,  they  will  be  indispensable. 

NOTE  H.     Seepage  24,  note  \     " Init  an  Gha. 

Of  the  "two  chappells"  on  this  island,  mentioned  by  our  author,  "  that  dedicated 
to  St.  Patrick"  is  the  oldest,  and,  like  all  the  primitive  Irish  churches,  it  is  divided 
into  nave  and  choir.     The  other,  which  was  dedicated  to  the  Gall  Craibhtheach.  literally 

■ 


i87 

"the  devout  foreigner,"  is  now  called  Teampull  naNaomh,  the  church  of  the  Saint, 
and  is  a  highly-finished  specimen  of  the  religious  houses  erected  by  the  Irish  from 
the  eighth  to  the  eleventh  century,  but  it  has  suffered  much  by  time.     It  lies  a  short 
distance  to  the  south-east  of  the  church  of  St.  Patrick,  and  an  old  winding  road  or 
passage,  which  led  from  the  one  to  the  other,  may  still  be  traced.     It  is  not  impro- 
bable that  this  "  devout  foreigner"  was  the  holy  priest,  Egbert,  mentioned  by  Bede, 
1.  iii.  c.  27.     The  nave  of  the  church  or  chapel  dedicated  to  St.  Patrick   is  about 
twenty-two  feet  long,  and  thirteen  broad.     The  choir  arch  is   still  standing.     The 
doorway,   three  concentric  arches,   is  formed  of  red  grit  stone.     At  the  south-east 
corner  of  the  church  is  a  square  tomb,  probably  that  of  archbishop  Muirge.s  O'Nioc, 
who  died  in  this  island  in  A.  D.  11 28,   as  mentioned  above,  and  in  the  Annals  of 
Ulster  and  Four  Masters.     At  a  small  distance  to  the  southwest  is  a  small  perpen- 
dicular headstone  of  hard  granite,  three  feet  over  ground,   and  five  inches  square, 
which  bears  the  following  inscription  :  "  Lie  Lugnaedon  mace  Lmenueh."     The  stone 
of  Lugnaedon,  the  son  of  Limenueh.     This  Limenueh,   or  Liamain,  otherwise  called 
Darerca,  was  sister  of  St.  Patrick;  and  Lugnaedon  is  styled  his  dalta  or  alumnus  in 
the  Irish  Martyrologies.  —  See  the  Book  of  Lecan,  43  (a,  b),  Trias  Thaum.  226.  (p.),  and 
Acta  SS.  716.     This  is  considered  the  oldest  Christian  monument  as  yet  discovered 
in  Ireland.     The  inscription  is  in  the  Roman  characters  of  the  fifth  century.     An 
attempt  to  decipher  it  may  be  seen  noticed  in  a  publication  which  was  popular  in  its 
day,   entitled  the  Irish  Magazine,  printed  in  Dublin,  June,  18 10,   p.  256.     "  It  is 
written  in  the  hard  Irish,  or  virgin''''   [by  this  word  was  probably  meant  virgular] 
characters,  and  is  in  English  :   '  Underneath  this  stone  lie  Goill,  Ardan,  and  Sionan.'  " 
This  was  utterly  unworthy  of  notice,  and  would  not  be  alluded  to  here,  except  to 
shew  the  lamentable  ignorance  which  then  prevailed,  when  none  could  be  found  ca- 
pable of  reading  and  explaining  an  inscription,  which  required  but  ordinary  know- 
ledge of  the  language  and  history  of  Ireland.     It  becomes  necessary  here  to  notice  an 
oversight  of  the  learned  translator  and  editor  of  the  Annals  of  Ulster  and  the  Four 
Masters,  Doctor  O'Conor.     In  both  these  Annals,  at  the  entry  of  the  death  of  Murges 
O'Nioc,  Archbishop  of  Tuam,  A.  D.  1128,  Imp  an  ftuill,  where  he  is  stated  to  have 
died,  appears  translated  "  insulis  Alienigenarum,"  and  in  the  Annals  of  Ulster  this  is 
explained,  "(i.e.  Ebudibus)"  the  Hebrides;  mistaking  it  for  inp  jull,  which  these 
islands  were  always  called  by  the  ancient  Irish.     But  that  this  was  a  mere  oversight 
appears  from  a  note  to  a  previous  entry  in  the  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters,  A.  D. 
726,  which  contains  the  following  passage  :  "  Est  etiam  prope  Congam  Insula  dicta 
Inis-an-Gaill-chrabhuig,  Insula  Saxonum  Eeligiosorum,   in  qua  sunt  duas  Capellse  et 
multa  Sanctorum  Sepulchra;"  though  even  here  "  Gaill-chrabhuig"  should  be  ren- 
dered "  Saxonis  Religiosi." 

2   B  2  NOTE 


NOTE  I.     See  page  28,  note  x.     "Fanatics." 

Other  instances  of  local  proceedings,  as  remarkable  as  those  of  the  Anaba; 
given  by  our  author,  might  be  adduced  ;  but  it  ie  necessary  to  limit  this  continuation 
of  our  former  note,  to  one  or  two  incidents  of  a  harmless  nature  which  occurred 
here.  In  A.  D.  1655,  two  disciples  of  George  Fox,  "  Humpliy  Norton  and  William 
Shaw,  being  in  a  peaceable  meeting  at  Samuel  Newton's  house  in  Galway,  were  by  a 
guard  of  soldiers  forcibly  haled  thereout,  the  meeting  broken  up,  and  turned  out  of 
the  town,  and  not  suffered  to  go  in  to  fetch  their  Horses." — Compendious  Vie*  of 
some  extraordinary  Sufferings  of  the  People  called  Quakers,  8vo.  Dublin,  1731.  p.  53. 
The  "Quakers,"  however,  persevered.  In  A.  D.  1669,  "Solomon  Eeeles.  being  moved 
of  the  Lord  to  go  as  a  sign,  on  the  14th  of  the  7th  month,  and  that  naked,  with  fire 
and  brimstone  burning  on  his  head,  without  the  gates  of  the  City,  into  a  j  1 
Mass-meeting,  and  the  Fryar  and  people  being  upon  their  knees,  he  (in  the  spirit  of 
the  Lord)  said,  'wo  to  these  idolatrous  worshippers;  God  hath  sent  me  this  dav  to 
warn  you,  and  to  let  you  see,  that  if  you  repent  not,  what  shall  be  your  reward.' 
And  so  he  went  over  the  bridge-  into  the  City,  warning  them  also  to  repentance  ;  and 
when  done  he  was  had  to  prison,  with  his  three  Friends,  Randal  Cknutna,  Nick. 
dribble,  and  Henry  Bloodworth,  who  accompanied  him  in   his   -  .    Eliza  Harper, 

visiting  them  in  prison,  was  also  there  detained,  and  after  -•  veral  days  inipriso;.: 
were  all  released." — Id.  p.  113.  It  is  a  curious  fact  that  from  that  time  to  the  pr 
not  a  Quaker  or  Jew  has  been  seen  in  these  western  parts  of  Ireland. 

The  following  occurrence  in  this  district,  recorded  in  ('ambrm-is  Eversu-.  will 
shew  to  what  extent  the  spirit  of  religious  feeling  had  excited  people  at  that  n 
"  Nuperrime  firmioris  et  infirmioris  sexus  et  a-tatis  multitude  ad  fbntem  Galvi;: 
num  lavanda  confluxit,    ut  salubritatem.    vel  natuni  vel  S.  Augustini   (cuju-    :. 
gerit)  deprecatione  aquis  ejus  inditam  hauriret.     Ad  inuoxiam  banc  turbam  guWr- 
nator  Galviensis  ducum  suorum  audacia;  satelles  prsesidiarios  milites  eduxit,  qui  ju>j.u 
ejus  plumbeae  grandinis  nimbo  insontes  ex   improviso  perfuderunt ;  quorum  aliqui 
yravioribus  vulneribus  affecti,  caeteri  veste,  bonisque  nudati  in  carceres  non  ducti  sed 
tracti  sunt." — Epist.  Dedic. 

NOTE  J.     See  page  32,  note  '>.     "  The  Red  Earl." 

For  rank,  possessions,  and  the  exercise  of  that  species  of  militarv  service,  called 
by  modern  usage,  "  .Martial  Law,"  Richard  Burke,  the  Red  Earl  of  Ulster,  who  died  in 
A.  D.  1326,  was  undoubtedly  one  of  the  foremost  men  of  his  time  in  Ireland.  He  1- 
commemorated  as  follows  by  the  noble  editor  of  the  Memoirs  of  the  Marquis  of  Clan- 

ricarde 


189 

ricarde,  before  referred  to,  p.  39,  note  T.  "  Richard,  the  second  earl  of  Ulster, 
usually  called,  from  his  complexion,  the  Red  Earl,  had  such  large  possessions,  that  he 
was  the  most  powerful  subject  in  Ireland." — Ped.  VIII.  As  our  author  has,  p.  32, 
adduced  documents  to  shew  some  of  the  burgagery  and  manorial  rights  of  this  earl's 
immediate  descendants,  I  may  here  refer  to  a  curious  old  family  record,  formerly  be- 
longing to  Mac  William  Oughter,  head  of  the  Bourkes  of  Mayo,  and  treating  of  them 
alone,  and  which  is  now  preserved  in  the  MS.  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin, 
F.  4.  1 3.  It  is  described,  "  Historia  et  Genealogia  Familias  de  Burgo,  cum  Picturis 
et  Armis  multorum  nobilium  hujusce  Familiaa,  in  membrana  delineatis  ;  et  Rhithmis 
in  Lingua  Hibernice.  Omnia  Hibernice — Codex  membr."  This  book  contains  an 
exaggerated  description  of  the  possessions  of  the  "  Red  Earl,"  which,  it  alleges,  ex- 
tended o  na  popbachai^  a  n-iuprap  Clionnact,  an  ouraij  ihuincip  phlarapcuij, 
50  bade  rhic  Scanlam  luirh  le  Dun  oealgan ;  ajup  o  Cucuio  a  o-Cuaic  TTlhurhan  1 
6hpian,  50  6aile-hana\j  [6eal  aca  peanaij]  coip  na  h-Gipne,  &c.  "  From  Forbagh 
[a  place  six  miles  west  of  Galway]  in  Iar-Connaught,  the  territory  of  the  0' 'Flaherties, 
to  Ballymac  Scanlan,  near  Dundalk  ;  and  from  Luchud  [now  Lowid  or  Lughid  bridge] 
in  Thomond  [viz.  in  Kilkeedy  parish,  barony  of  Inchiquin],  to  Ballyshannon,  on 
Lough  Earn."  For  the  remainder  of  the  exaggerated  statement  of  those  possessions, 
see  the  old  volume  referred  to,  fol.  1 .  Mac  Firbis,  in  his  large  and  valuable  book  of 
genealogies,  now  in  the  Library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  after  fol.  798,  has  the 
following  entry  in  English  to  the  same  effect,  and  probably  translated  from  the  same 
old  volume,  viz. :  "  The  Red  Earle  was  lord  in  Demayne  and  Sarvice,  for  the  most 
parte,  from  Bealagh-Lughyd  in  Tuamond  to  Bailiehany,  which  is  an  hundred  miles, 
and  from  the  Norbagh  \_Forbagh~\  by  the  sea  side,  to  Bailie  Mac  Skanlon  by  Dundalke; 
and  also  from  Limbricke  to  Waterford,  besides  all  his  Lands  in  four  Shires,  and  in 
the  Countie  of  Kilkenny,  and  Tipperary."  But  though  it  is  evident  that  Mac  Firbis 
doubted  the  extent  of  the  statement,  yet  that  the  Red  Earl's  possessions  were  widely 
extended  there  can  be  no  doubt.  The  following  curious  and  hitherto  unpublished  re- 
cord may  serve  to  explain  how  some  of  those  widely  extended  possessions  were 
acquired  : 

"  [Anglia,  SS.  Conmac]     Placita  apud  Tristeldermot  coram  Johanne  Wogan  Justic.  de 
Anno  XXXIII.  Edw.  I,  A.D.  1305. 

"  Supplicavit  nobis  dilectus  et  fidelis  noster  Ricardus  de  Burgo  Comes  Ultonie, 
quod,  cum  O'Conoghur  \_0' 'Conor']  Hibernicus,  quiquam  plura  homicidia,  roberias, 
latrocinia  et  alia  enormia  diversa,  in  terra  ipsius  comitis  de  Conacia,  et  aliis  terris  ad- 
jacentibus,  hactenus  perpetravit,  et  de  die  in  diem,  in  pacis  nostre  lesione,  perpetrare 

non 


190 

non  desistit,   teneat  quandain  terram  nostram  in  Conacia  que  appellatur  ScilmortLy 
[Siol Muiredliaigh~\,  dictam  terrain  ipsius  comitis  ibidem  contigua,  de  nobis  ad  firmam  ; 
velimus  dictam  terram  de  Scilmorthy  eidem  couiiti,  vel  alicui  altero  Anglico,  concedere: 
habendum  pro  tanto  nobis  inde  annuatim  reddendo,  quantum  dictus  Hibernicus  nobis 
inde  hactenus  reddere  consuevit,  vel  in  excambium  pro  tantis  terris  et  tanti  valoris  per 
extentum,  nobis  per  eundem  comitem  in  terra  pacis  pro  predicta  terra  de  ScilmortLy 
danda  et  concedenda:  Nos,  igitur,  volentes  petitionem  ipsius  comitis,   quatenus  sine 
nostri  incomodo  poterimus,  condescendere  in  hac  parte;  Vobis  mandamus,  quod  per 
sacramentum  proborum  et  legalium  liominum   de  partibus  illis,  per  quos  rei  Veritas 
melius  sciri  poterit,  diligentur  inquiratis,  si  nos,  absque  injuria  vel  prejuditio 
vel  alteri  facienda,   feoffare  possumus  prefatum  comitem  vel  alium  Anglicum  quern 
voluerimus,  de  dictis  terris  de  Scilmorthy,  habendis  in   forma  superius  annotata.   et 
quantum  dicta  terra  de  Scilmorthy,  valeat  per  annum,   in  omnibus  exitibus,  juxta 
verum  valorem  ejusdem:   et  inquisicionem  inde  distincte  et  aperte  factam,  nob.- 
sigillo  vestro  et  sigillis  eorum  per  quos  facta  fuit,  sine  dilatione  mittatis  et  hoc  I 
Teste  meipso  apud  YVymlyngwelde,  decimo  tercio  die  Julii,  anno  regni  nostri  tri 
tertio. 

"  Pretextu  cujus  mandati  justiciarius  hie  processit  ad  inquisicionem  inde  fa 
dam,  per  juratos  subscriptos,  in  hunc  modum. 

"  Inquisitio  capta  apud  Tristledermod,  coram  Johanne  Wogan,  justieiario  I 
a  die  Sancti  Michaelis  in  quindecim  dies,  anno  regni  Regis  Edwardi.  XXXIII. "°  per 
subscriptos,  viz.:  Roberturn  Gent.;   Matheum  Dreu;   Stcphanuni  Tallry;   Johannem 
Ffleming;  Nicholaum  Foleramb,  de  dicta  terra  de  Scilmorthy;  Jordanum  de   E 
Johannem  de  Staunton;  Richardum  Dulyt;  Wilhelmum  Gaynard,  militem,  decomitatu 
Conacie;  Walterum  de  Riddlesford;  Micbaelem  de  KerdiriV.  Adam  le  Poer;  Phillipum 
filiuniAde;  Stephanum  le  Proud  de  eadem  comitatu ;  Walterum  le  Brett:  Willielmum 
de   Sancto    Leodegario  ;  Richardum  de  Walleis,    militem.    de    comitatu  Tipperary: 
Johannem  filium  Ryrteth ;  Willielmum  de  Grafton;  Johannem  de  Lowth;  "\\ 
Serle;   Rodolphum  Serle;   Petrum   Muriet;  Johannem  le   Ken  de  eodem  comitatu; 
Richardum  Gernoun;   Henricum  de  Crus,  decomitatu  Midie;  Richardum  de  Valle, 
militem,  de  comitatu  Tipperary ;  et  Johannem  Coterel,  de  comitatu  Midie:  Qui-' 
dicunt  super  sacramentum  suum,  quod  postquam  terra  de  Scilmorthy,  que  continet 
quinque  cantredras,  devenit  ad  manus  Domini  Regis,  post  conquestum  quem  Williel- 
mus  de  Burgo  fecit  de  Conacia,  quidam  Hibernicus  nomine  Ffeylyni  O'Con  1 
qui  se  appellavit  Regem  Conacie,   tenuit  predictas  quinque  cantredras  de  Domino 
Henrico  Rege,  patre  Domini  Regis  nunc,  reddendo  inde.  singulis  annis.  Domic 
quingentas  marcas.     Et  ipse  Feylim,  tota  vita  sua.   tenuit  bonam  pacem  et  f. 

pacavit 


I9I 

pacavit  redditum  suum.  Et  post  ejus  mortem,  surrexit  filius  ejus,  et  devenit  felo  Domini 
Regis  et  ligeos  Anglicos  Domini  Regis  de  partibus  suis  interfecit,  et  movit  communem 
guerram  contra  dominum  Regem  qui  nunc  est,  et  prostravit  castra  sua  de  Roscoman,  et 
Randon ;  Quodquidam  castrumde  Roscomon,  Robertus  Dufford,  primo  tempore  quo  fuit 
justiciarius  domini  Regis  nunc,  firmaverat  per  custagia  quasi  inestimabilia,  proper  quod, 
utlagatus  fuit,  et  obiit  felo  domini  Regis,  ita  quod  a  tempore  mortis  Ffelym  O'Conoghur, 
usque  ad  tempus  quo  predictus  Robertus  Dufford  iterato  venit  justiciarius,  dominus 
Rex  parum  vel  nihil  cepit  de  predicta  terra,  preterquam  de  una  cantreda  que  vocatur 
O'Many,  quam  Dominus  Rex  nunc  dederat  Ricardo  de  la  Rokele  ad  feodum  firmum, 
et  predictus  Robertus,  in  secundo  suo  adventu,  per  magnos  exercitus  et  custos  quasi 
inestimabiles,  iterato  firmavit  castrum  de  Roscomon  in  predicta  terra,  et  ipse  dimisit 
cuidam  O'Conaghur  duas  cantredas  et  dimidium  de  predicta  terra,  que  sunt  versus 
magnam  Iretheriam  Conacie  et  Ultonie,  ad  firmum,  viz.  cantredam  de  Maylurg  et 
Tyrelele,  et  cantredam  de  Tothes,  excepta  una  villata  terre  que  vocatur  Cloinnagga- 
nenan,  que  fuit  Richardi  de  Calne,  que  nunc  est  in  manibus  Domini  Regis  per  mino- 
rem  etatem  heredis  ipsius,  et  dimidium  cantredi  de  Moyhe,  reddendo  inde  domino 
Regi,  singulis  annis,  centum  marcas.  Et  sic  postea  diversi  justiciarii  diversis  Hiber- 
nicis  consanguinitatis  et  cognominis  illius,  per  consimilem  firmam  illas  duas  cantredas 
et  dimidium  dimiserunt,  sed  Hibernici  illi  raro  totam  firmam,  et  sepe  parte  per  an- 
num, et  sepius  nihil  inde  solverunt.  Et  dicunt  quod  predicte  due  cantrede  et  dimi- 
dium valent,  communioribus  annis,  tempore  pacis  in  omnibus  exitibus,  centum  marcas. 
Et  dicunt  quod  si  Hibernici  fuissent  fugati  de  partibus  illis,  et  terra  fuisset  assessa 
fidelibus  hominibus  ille  duo  cantrede  et  dimidium  valerent,  per  annum,  ducenti  et 
quinquaginta  marcas,  sicut  predictus  Felym  pro  eis  reddit:  sed  dicunt  hoc  non  posse 
fieri  sine  magno  posse  ipsius  domini  Regis,  et  sumptibus  inestimabilibus,  valorem 
dicte  terre  excedentibus,  maxime  cum  predictus  O'Conoghur  sit  unus  de  quinquc 
capitaneis  hibernicis  Hibernie.  Et  dicunt  quod  dominus  Rex,  sine  prejudicio  vel 
injuria  sibi  vel  alteri  faciendo,  potest  feoffare  predictum  comitem,  vel  alium  quern 
voluerit,  de  predictis  duobus  cantredis  et  dimidium,  quas  O'Conoghur  modo  tenet, 
preter  predictas  villatas  terre.  Et  dicunt  quod  erit  ad  commodum  domini  Regis  et 
ridelium  suorum  de  partibus  illis,  si  dominus  Rex  det  terrain  illam  predicto  comiti 
in  escambium  pro  centum  mercatis  terre,  vel  redditibus  in  terra  pacis,  maxime  cum 
predictus  comes  habeat  terras  suas  in  Conacia  et  Ultonia,  et  magnum  posse  Angli- 
corum  et  Hibernicorum  contiguum  terre  ille  per  quod  melius  poterit  hibernicos  terre 
illius  castigare  quam  alius.  In  cujus  rei  testimonium,  predicti  juratores  sigilla  sua 
apposuerunt  huic  Inquisitioni,  die  et  anno  supradictis." 

The  foregoing  extraordinary  record  has  been  transcribed  by  the  editor  from  the 

original 


192 

original  Exemplification  under  the  Great  Seal  of  Charles  I.,  which  exemplification 
was  produced  by  the  Earl  of  Strafford  to  the  memorable  jury  impannelled  at 
tumna,  in  A.  D.  1635,  to  try  the  King's  title  to  Connaucrht.  For  an  account  of 
that  trial  see  Carte's  Life  of  the  Duke  of  Ormonde,  vol.  i.  p.  82.  Some  of  the 
proceedings  of  Walter  de  Burgo,  the  father  of  this  "Red  earl,"  against  Felim  O'Co- 
nor,  King  of  Connaught,  and  which  are  alluded  to  in  this  document,  will  be  found 
detailed  in  the  Memoirs  of  the  Life  and  Writings  of  the  venerable  Charles  OH 
p.  41. 

The  Blakes  of  Galway. 

Richard  Caddie,  clictus  niger  or  the  Black,  a  quo  Blake,  was  the  "common  an- 
cestor" of  all  the  present  families  of  this  name  in  the  west  of  Ireland.  He  was 
sheriff  of  Connaught  in  A.  D.  1306;  and  as  our  author  informs  us,  p.  32.  was 
"bailifTe  of  Galway  under  Richard  de  Burgo,  the  Red  Larl  of  I  '!-••  r,"  n  A.  D.  1312. 
The  extract  from  Debrett  given  in  the  History  of  Galway.  p.  7,  is  altogether  fabu- 
lous. But  the  following  remarkable  petition  of  John  Blake,  alias  Caddie  C 
lineal  descendant  of  the  above  Richard  Caddie,  clictus  niger),  to  the  Commit 
the  Plantation  of  Connaught,  in  A.  D.    1640 ;  and  the  othi  ial  instruments 

which  accompany  it,  satisfactorily  prove  the  origin  and  descent  of  this  old  family. 
These  curious  documents  have  been  providently  saved,  and  kindly  communicated  to 
the  Editor,  by  his  respected  friend,  Michael  Joseph  Browne.  Esq.,  of  Moyne,  in 
the  county  of  Galway  ;  who  is  himself  maternally  descended  from  the  same  stock,  and 
whose  public  and  private  virtues  reflect  honour  on  the  ancient  race  from  which 
sprung. 

"  To  the  honhle  his  Mat"  Comnt  rnr 

the  Plantacon  of  the  Countie  of  (Jallicay. 
"  The  humble  Peticon  of  John 
Blake,  alias  Caddie. 

"  Humbly  sheweing,  that  the  peth-ioner  and  his  auncestors,  wl 
male  he  is  by  lyneall  descent,  as  he  is  reddy  to  make  it  app<  1  y  auncient  and 

authentick  records  and  evidences,  for  eleaven  descents,  is  and  have  ben  respectively 
seised,  as  of  their  auncient  inheritaunce,  of  the  Castle  and   two  water  mills  of  Kiltor- 
roge,  and  of  the  moiety  of  the  two  quarters  of  land  thereunto  be!'     _     . 
quarters  and  an  halfe  of  land  in  Slewclare,  parcel!  of  Kiltorr  said,  in  the  bar- 

rony  of  Clare,  and  of  the  moiety  v\'  the  Castle  and  fowre  quarters  of  land  of  Balli  me 
croe;  and  of  the  moiety  of  the  Castle  and  fowre  quarters  of  land  of  Kiltullagh  in  the 
barony  of  Dunkellin,  and  of  divers  messuadges  and  lands  within  the  auncient  liberties 

of 


'93 

of  Gallway  and  Athenry,  within  which  all  the  premisses  doe  lie,  as  apperes  by  several  1 
matters  of  record.  And  that  the  peticioner  and  his  said  auncestors  did  plant  there- 
abouts, being  an  anncient  English  familie,  and  there  continued  without  chandge  of 
languadge,  manners,  or  habit,  and  without  once  matching  with  any  Irish  familie, 
since  the  ninth  yeare  of  King  Edward  the  Second. 

'•  And  that  the  premisses  ever  since  were  and  now  are  free  English  land,  exempted 
from  the  Jurisdiccion  and  yoke  of  the  Irishries,  and  of  all  maner  of  Chieffries  and 
Irish  exaccon,  ordinary  or  extraordinary,  as  being  independent  of  any  whatsoever, 
but  only  of  the  Crowne,  as  free  as  any  free  land  in  the  English  Pale,  or  in  any  other 
parte  or  place  of  this  kingdom,  as  may  appere  by  the  said  auncient  Eecords  and 
evidences. 

"  The  premisses  tenderly  considered,  and  for  that  the  Petitioner  is  the 
eleaventh  masculin  English  descent,  lineally  descended  from  father  to 
the  sonn,  in  the  possession  of  the  said  lands,  from  Richard  Caddie,  dicto 
nigro,  whose  heire  male  the  Peticioner  is,  whoe  purchased  the  same  from 
one  Thomas  Hobridge,  in  the  9"1  yeare  of  K.  Edw.  the  2d.  And  that 
although  the  peticioner,  after  so  long  a  tracte  of  time,  be  called  Blacke 
or  niger,  yet  in  the  offices  taken  post  mortem  of  his  auncestors  they  were 
called  Blake,  alias  Caddie.  That  your  honours  will  be  graciously  pleased 
to  take  the  antiquity  of  the  peticioner's  estate  into  your  consideracion, 
by  shewing  him  your  honours'  speciall  favor  uppon  the  distribucion,  and 
the  peticioner  shall  ever  pray." 

The  Prooffe  of  John  Blake,  alias  Caddie,  his  Pettegree. 

1 .  That  the  said  John  is  son  to  Nicholas  apperes  by  an  office  taken  post  mortem  of 
the  said  N.  280  August,  1629,  and  by  a  livery  sued  by  the  said  John. 

2.  That  Nicholas  was  son  to  John  apperes  by  a  lease  under  the  greate  seale  made 
by  the  Com"  of  the  wardes,  of  the  wardshippe  of  the  boddy  and  lands  of  the  said 
Nicholas,  dated  the  17th  of  7ber,  in  the  28th  yeare  of  Q.  Eliz.,  and  by  a  livery 
sued  by  the  said  Nicholas. 

3.  That  John  was  son  to  Nicholas  apperes  by  a  decree  made  by  the  Lo.  President 
and  Councell  of  Conaght,  dated  the  6th  of  March,  157 1,  and  afterwards  confirmed  by 
the  Lord  Deputy  and  Councell. 

4.  That  Nicholas  was  son  to  John  apperes  by  the  said  Nicholas  his  last  will  and 
testament,  dated  the  18  th  of  7ber,  1564. 

5.  That  John  was  son  to  Valentyne  apperes  by  the  said  Valentyne  his  last  will  and 
testament,  dated  the  1 2th  of  July,  1499. 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5  2    C  6. 


194 

6.  That  Valentyne  was  son  to  John  apperes  by  the  said  John  his  last  will  and  tes- 
tament, dated  in  March,  1468. 

7.  That  John  was  son  to  Henry  apperes  by  the  said  last-mentioned  will  of  John, 
wherein  it  is  set  forth,  "  John  fitz  Henry." 

8.  That  Henry  was  son  to  John  apperes  by  a  deed  dated  the  6th  of  8ber.  in  the 
2dyeareof  King  H.  the  6th,  viz.,  in  the  yeare  of  our  Lo.  1423. 

9.  That  John  was  son  to  Walter  apperes  by  divers  remaynde: 

Henry  fitz  John  fitz  Walter;  and  by  a  deed  dated  the  15th  yeare  of  K.  Richard  x. 

10.  That  Walter  was  son  to  Richard  apperes  by  a  will  of  the  said  John,  dated 
1420,  wherein  is  subscribed,  "William  fitz  Walter  fitz  Richard." 

That  Richard  is  the  comon  auncestor,  apperes  by  the  deed  made  to  him  by  Tl. 
de  Hobrigge,  in  the  9th  yeare  of  King  Edward  the  2d. 

All  which  the  said  John  Blake,  alias  Caddie,  is  reddy  to  product-,  and  to  make  it 
appere. 

John  Blake. 

lu' port  on  the  Petition  of  Joint  Blake,  alias  Caddie. 

Wee  have  seriously  considered  of  the  annexed  peticon  of  John  Blake,  alias  Caddie, 
of  Gallway,  gentl. ;  and  doe  iynd  by  ancient  evidences,   som  without  date,  1 
auncient  characters  whereof  wee  conceave  the  same  to  have  ben  made  iii  th< 
King  Henry  the  Third,  or  in  the  begining  of  the  reigne  of  Kirni  Edward  the  I 
and  some  others  beareing  date  in  the  sixt  yeare  of  the  reigne   of  KiiiLr  Edward  the 
First,  that  the  mannor  and  lands  of  Kiltorroge,  whereof  the  cattle,  two  mills,  and  one 
quarter  ofland  in  Kiltorroge,  and  two  quarters  and  a  halfe  of  Kewclare,  adioineing  to 
Kiltorroge,  are  parcells,  now  in  the  possession  of  the  said  John  Blake,  alias  Caddie; 
and  that  the  towne  and  lands  ol'Ballymacroe.  alias  Homolorkan  and  Donegall.  w: 
two  quarters  are  now  in  the  possession  of  the  said  John  Blake,  alias  Caddie,  wei 
graunted  unto  Richard  Caddie,  dicto  )<i<im.  and  his  heirs.     And  wee  doe  further  find 
that  the  castle,  mannor,  and  lands  of  Kiltullagh  and  Monidone,  whereof  th< 
Blake,  alias  Caddie,  is  in  possession  of  two  quarters,  and  of  the  moiety  of  tl. 
castle,  were  graunted  unto  the  said  Richard  Caddie,  dicto  niyro.  and  his  heires.  by  deed 
dated  in  the  9th  yeare  of  Kinge  Edward  the  Second.     And  wee  further  finde  that  the 
jjarcells  of  land  of  Parke,  Clunine,  Gortenecormock,  Gort     a  Carrinteige,  Cnoek- 

aneglass,  Clorone,  Blencheneghane,  Efarrin-I-blake,  Clonagownae,  Rahine. 
and  divers  tenements  within  the  liberties  of  Athenri,  were  graunted  onto  John  Blake. 
alias  Caddie,  and  his  heires,  and  to  Henry  Blake,  alios  Caddie,  and  his  hen 
tively,  by  deeds  dated  on  the  15th  yeare  of  the  raigne  of  King  Richard  the  Second 

and 


*95 

and  in  the  second  yeare  of  King  Henry  the  Sixt,  and  that  all  the  premises  before- 
mentioned  doe  lie  in  the  county  of  Gallway.  And  wee  further  find  that  the  said  John 
Blake,  alias  Caddie,  did,  by  a  petegree  produced  before  us  and  proved  by  several  offices 
and  other  matters  of  recorde,  and  by  divers  and  sundry  auncient  wills  and  deeds  made 
by  his  auncestors,  prove  himselfe  to  be  heire  male  of  the  boddy  of  the  said  Richard 
Caddie  dicto  nigro,  and  of  the  boddy es  of  the  said  John  and  Henry  Caddie,  alias  Blake, 
for  eleaven  descents  lyneally  descended  from  the  said  Richard  Caddie  dicto  nigro,  vizt., 
the  said  John  Blake,  alias  Caddie,  son  to  Nicholas,  the  said  Nicholas  son  to  John,  John 
son  to  Nicholas,  Nicholas  son  to  John,  John  son  to  Valentine,  Valentine  son  to  John, 
John  son  to  Henry,  Henry  son  to  John,  John  son  to  Walter,  Walter  son  to  the  said 
Richard  Caddie,  dicto  nigro.  Upon  all  which  wee  conceave  that  the  estate  of  inhe- 
ritance now  held  by  the  said  John  Blake,  alias  Caddie,  of  the  premisses,  and  in  his 
possession  as  aforesaid,  was  in  his  said  auncestors,  whose  heire  male  he  is,  before  his 
Maties  title  accrewed  unto  the  said  county  of  Gallway.  And  that  the  said  John  and 
his  said  auncestors,  whose  heire  male  he  is,  being  of  an  auncient  English  blood  and  sur- 
name, have  and  doth  continue  in  the  said  possessions  by  them  held  as  aforesaid.  All 
which  wee  submitt  to  your  honnour's  further  consideracon.     Given  at  his  Mat1"  Inns 

the  5th  of  June,  1640. 

Ri.  Bolton,  Cane. 

Gerrard  Lowther. 
Exhibitted  before  us  the  6th  of  September,  1 655,  upon  the  speeding  of  the 
commission,  from  the  Commissioners  of  adjudication,  of  claymes  and  qua- 
lifications of  the  Irish,  sitting  at  Athloane,  in  the  behalfe  of  the  within- 
named  John  Blake,  of  Gallway,  Alderman. 

Paul  Dod. 

Tho.  Semper. 
Christ.  Blashford. 
The  following  are  some  of  the  ancient  documents  referred  to  in  the  foregoing  Pe- 
tition and  Report.     They  extend  from  A.  D.  1 3 15  to  A  .D.  1553. 

"  Carta  Thome  de  Hebrigge,  facta  Ricardo  Cadel. 
"  A.  D.  1 3 15. 
"  Sciant  presentes  et  futuri,  quod  ego  Thomas  de  Hobrigge  senior,  dedi,  concessi, 
et  hac  presenti  carta  mea  confirmavi  Ricardo  Cadel  dicto  Nigro,  et  Emeline  uxori  sue, 
totam  terram  meam  cum  pertinenciis  et  edificiis,  quam  de  predicto  Ricardo  tenui  in 
tenementis  de  Kyltolagh,  Kemconwy  et  Moynedan.  Ita  plenius  sicut  dicta  terra  cum 
pertinenciis  fuit  michi  mensurata,  perambulata  et  divisa  per  antiquas  metas  et  bundas ; 
Tenendum  et  habendum  predictis  Ricardo  et  Emeline,  et  heredibus  predicti  Ricardi 

2  C  2  vel 


196 

vel  suis  assignatis,  de  capitalibus  Dominis  feodi  illius:  Reddendo  inde  annuatim  pr<- 
dicti  Ricardus  et  Emelina,  etheredes  ejusdem  Ricardi  vel  assignati  capitalibus  Dominis 
feodi  illius,  redditus  et  servicia  inde  debita  et  consueta.  Et  ego  Thomas  et  herede- 
mei  vel  assignati,  predictam  terrain  cum  pertinenciis  et  edificiis,  predictis  Ricardo  et 
Emeline,  et  heredibus  ejusdem  Ricardi  vel  assignatis,  eontra  omnes  homines  et  feminas 
warrantizabimus,  acquietabimus  et  defendemus,  imperpetuum.  Et  ut  hec  mea  do- 
nacio,  concessio  et  presentis  carte  mee  confirmacio,  rata,  stabilis  et  inconci, 
permaneat,  presentem  cartam  sigilli  inei  impressione  roboravi  Iliis  testibus  Stephaao 
de  Exonia,  Willielmo  de  Bary,  Johanne  de  Exonia,  Phillipo  filio  Simonifi  de  BremegLam. 
Simone  filio  Walteri,  et  aliis.  Datum  apud  Dungalvy,  die  Sabbati  proxima  post  festum 
.Sancti  Leonardi,  Anno  Regni  Regis  Edwardi,  filii  Regis  Edwardi,  nono." — Ex  originali. 
The  lands  of  "  Kyltolagh,"  mentioned  in  the  foregoing  feoffment,  are  still  (1846) 
in  the  possession  of  the  descendants  of  the  original  feoffee. 

"  Carta  Philippi  filii  WUlidmi  Erla,  facta  Joh.f.  Walteri  lilak. 
"  A.D.  1391. 

"  Sciant  presentes  et  futuri,   quod  ego  Philippus  filius  Willielmi  Erla  dedi. 
cessi  et  hac  presenti  carta  mea  confirmavi  Johanni  filio  Walteri  Blake,  omnes  tt-rras 
meas  existentes  in  forencico  de  Athnery  in  tenemento  de  Clantayg,  viz.  in  Payrl 
viz.  inter  terram  Thome  Temperneys  et  terram  Philippi  Albi,  ex  una  par! 
ring  beyg  juxta  Sortcormuyk  ex  parte  altera,  Clon)-ntornoyr  jacentem  inter  moram 
fratrum  ex  una  parte,  et  ampnem  ex  parte  altera.    Sunt  predion-  torn-  de  Pavr.-. 
et  Clonyntornoyrjacentes  mensurate,  divisate,  perambulate  per  predictas  a  : 
divisas  et  bundas  :  Tenendas  et  habendas  prenominatas  terras  meas  de  Payrkb 
Clonyntornoyr,  cum  omnibus  pertinenciis,  de  me  et  heredibus  meis  et  assignati-. 
dicto  Johanni  et  heredibus  suis  et  assignatis,  in  feodo  et  hereditate,  libere,  quiett-. 
bene  et  in  pace,  sine  aliquo  honore  seculari  vel  servicio,  exactione  <-t  demanda.     Et  eg«' 
vero  predictus  Philippus  et  heredes  mei  predictas  terras  de  Payrkbej  5 
predicto  Johanni  et  heredibus  suis  et  assignatis,  contra  omnes  homines  et  feminas  va- 
rentizabimus,  et  ubique  inper]>etuuin  defendemus.     Ut  autem  hec  mea  donacic. 
cessio  et  presentis  carte  mee  confirmacio  rata  sit,  stabilis  et  inooncussa  semper  perma- 
neat, presentem  cartam  sigilli  mei  impressione  roboravi.     \Y\\-  ti>tibus,  Johani 
tunc  preposito  de  Athnery,  Nicholao  0  Lachlain  tunc  ballivo  ejusdem  et  de  Clai 
Clemente  Lathreach,  Thoma  Bonaventer,  Edmundo  Wythyr,   Nicholas  Blak.  Thoma 
Temperneys  Philippo  Albo,   Johanna  Keyll  Pypar,   Thoma  hunt  tunc  servient**  de 
Clantayg,  Domino  Johanne  Fwyt   capellano  Johanne  Clefford  clerico,  et  multis  aliis. 

Datum 


i97 

Datum  apud  Athnery  die  martis  proxima  post  festum  Sancti  Patricii  episcopi  et  con- 
fessoris,  anno  regni  Eegis  Ricardi  Secundi  quinto  decimo." — Ex  originali. 

The  feoffee  in  the  foregoing  instrument  was  grandson  of  Richard  Cadel,  dicto 
nigro,  or  the  Blak. 

"  Carta  Eating  Hannyn. 
"A.  D.  1394. 

"  Sciant  presentes  et  futuri  quod  ego  Kating  Hannyn  filiam  et  heredew*  Johannis 
Hannyn,  filii  Philippi  Hannyn  burgensis  de  Galvy  et  Coille  de  Clar,  dedi,  concessi,  et 
hac  presenti  carta  mea  confirmavi  Johanni  Blak  filio  Walteri  blak  burgensis  de 
Athnery,  omnes  terras  et  tenementa,  pocessiones,  jura  et  omnia  bona  immobilia  me 
jure  hereditario  consernencia,  vel  aliquo  alio  colore  me  consernentia,  videlicet,  in  villa 
de  Galvi  infra  muros  et  extra  muros  ;  ac  eciam  in  villa  de  Athnery,  infra  muros  et 
extra  muros ;  et  eciam  in  villa  Clar,  intus  et  extra,  in  partibus  Connactie,  cum  om- 
nibus pertinenciis  ad  predictam  hereditatem  et  terras  spectantibus,  sicut  melius  et 
plenius  predicte  terre  et  tenementa,  pocessiones,  jura  et  hereditas,  ac  tercia  pars  mu- 
lieris  relicte,  jacentes,  mensurate,  divisate,  perambulate  per  certas  metas  antiquas  et 
bundas:  tenendum  et  habendum  predictas  terras  et  tenementa,  pocessiones,  jura  here- 
ditaria, tercia  pars  relicte  cum  omnibus  pertinenciis  ad  predicta  pertinentibus,  de  me 
Katilina  et  heredibus  meis  et  assignatis,  predicto  Johanni  etheredibus  suis  et  assignatis, 
in  feodo  et  hereditate,  bene  et  in  pace,  cum  omnibus  libertatibus  et  liberis  consuetu- 
dinibus  ad  predictas  terras  et  tenementa,  pocessiones,  jura  hereditaria  et  terciam 
partem  relicte,  et  eorum  pertinensiis  spectantibus  :  reddendo  inde  annuatim  ipse 
Johannes  et  heredes  sui  et  assignati,  capitalibus  dominis  predictarum  villatarum  red- 
ditus  et  servitia  inde  debita  et  de  jure  consueta.  Et  ego  vero  predicta  Kating  Hanyn 
heres  et  heredes  mei  et  mei  assignati  predictas  terras  et  tenementa,  pocessiones,  jura 
hereditaria,  immobilia  ac  tercia  pars  relicte  cum  omnibus  eorum  pertinensiis  predicto 
Johanni  Blak  et  heredibus  suis  et  suis  assignatis  contra  omnes  homines  et  feminas,  ut 
prescriptum  est,  varentizabimus,  acquietabimus  et  inperpetuum  defendemus.  Et  ut 
hec  mea  donacio,  concessio  et  presentis  carte  mea  confirmacio  rata  sit,  stabila  et  in- 
concussa  semper  permaneat,  presentem  cartam,  et  quia  sigillum  meum  plumbeum  est 
incognitum,  una  cum  sigillo  communitatis  ville  de  Athnery  duxi  roborandam.  Hiis 
testibus,  Johanne  Blak  tunc  preposito  de  Athnery,  Nicholao  Lachnain  tunc  ballivo 
dicte  ville,  Clemente  Lachreach,  Thoma  bonaventer,  Davide  Wythyr,  Nicholao  Blak, 
Helia  de  Athy,  Henrico  Blak,  domino  Jacobo  decano  cathedrali  Tuamensis,  et  nmltis 
aliis.  Datum  apud  Athnery  in  festo  Sancti  Andree  apostoli,  anno  regni  regis  Ricardi 
secundi  decimo  octavo.'.' — Ex  Orig. 

See  the  following  testamentary  document  referred  to,  p.  194,  ante,  No.  10. 

"  Inventarium 


198 


"  Inventarium  Bonorum  et  Debitorum  Johannis  oge  Blake,  etejut  Testamentum. 

"A.D.  1420. 

"  Inventarium  bonorum  que  pre  manibus  habentur  venerabilis  viri  bone  men. 
Johannis  junioris  Blake,  burgensis  ville  de  Galvy,  nuper  defuncti,  qui  erat  sana  menle 
per  xv.  dies  ante  ejus  beatam  mortem,  ex  papiro  suo  integraliter  summarie  recollegit. 
sibique  hie  acopiare  instanter  ut  pluribus  appareat  transcribere  requisivit,  in  vigilia 
nativitatis  virginis  gloriose,  Anno  Domini  M°CCCC°XX°.  Imprimis,  habet  xLaiL  cra- 
nocas  salis,  i.  pipam  cum  dimidio  pipe  mellis,  dimidiam  pipe  ferry,  duo  dolia  vinL 
Item  habet  ii.  loricas  et  ii.  scapularia  ferrea,  et  duas  galeas.  Item  habet  duos  ciphoe 
argenteos,  quorum  unus  vocatur  grub,  quod  habet  Mc  magrasa  many  impignoratum 
pro  xs.  Item  habet  alium  grub  impignoratum  a  fratribus  galvye,  pertinentem  ad 
Stephanum  Devellyn,  pro  x.  unxiis.  Item  habet  duas  patenas  ponderantes  xxx".  et 
unam  magnam  patenam  que  ponderat  lxu.  Item  habet  in  panno  Anglieano  unum 
dusselum.  Item  xii11.  Cadays.  Item  i.  pissam  de  lyter,  demptis  v.  faciebus  bombycum. 
Itemi.  cyphum  argenteum  i.  zona  argentea.  Item  vi.  coclearia  hnpignorata  prov*.  Item, 
ii.  dacras  choriorum  cum  dimidio.  Item,  habet  in  manu  Walteri  Blake  ii.  dussella 
panni  Anglicani.  Item,  habet  idem  Walterus  iu.  de  seryco.  Item,  habet  cachebum 
eneum.  Item,  habet  vi.  scutellas  de  stanno,  et  vi.  discos  de  eodem  stann>.  <  t  v.  vassa 
ad  salsamentum  de  stanno.  Item,  unum  salterium  et  tria  candelabra  de  pras.  Item, 
unam  ticindem  cum  veru  ferreo  cum  pertinenciis.  Item,  unum  dolium  frumenti  ple- 
num.    Item,  in  monasterio  collis  victorie  habet  in  manu vi.  mensuras  frumenti, 

cum  uno  vasse  continente  viii.  lagenas.    Item,  patenas  parvas  ponderanu-:-  xv.  ln-m, 
habet  viii.  caballos  valentes  iiii.  mareas. 

"Inventarium  bonorum  que  sibi  debent  reddere  debit*  ;■  S.  bnpri  '  ::a  O 
Gillayn  tenetur  ad  xi.  mareas  et  xld.  et  dimidiam  ejusdem  some  pro  anima  sua  eidem 
remisit,  solvendo  aliam  partem.  Item,  Thomas  fuscus  magmalayn  tenetur  vis.  et  ejus 
frater  prespiter  est  fidejussor  pro  eo.     Item,  sutor  OK  -ur  ad  iis.     Item, 

mauricius  O  harny  tenetur  ad  iis.  et  iiiid.     Item,  Dermicius  O  K yrvayn  tenetur  ad  xi. 

mareas  et  xs.  cum  iiid.  et  soluta  sunt  de  predicta  summa  v.  marce  cum  dimidio 

interim  laboravit  idem  Dermicius  circa  domum  ipsius  usque  ad  xxs.  si  ipse  probaverit 
sic.  Item,  Thomas  Eeany  tenetur  ad  ii.  dacras  cum  dimidio  dacre  pro  vestibus  a:  . 
canis,  et  v.  dacras  pro  vino.  Item,  Thadeus  OMlheyn  et  Thadeus  Olongayn  tenenrur 
ad  ix.  quarteria  salis,  cum  i.  dussello  vestium  et  duas  partes  dolei  vini.  Summa  predic- 
tarum  est  xxviii.  dacre  cum  dimidio  i.  dacre.  scdsolutum  est  depredicta  summa  iii.  dacrt- 
p  er  thadeum  Olongayn.  Item,  Ohygayn  tenetur  ad  ii.  dusselos  vestium  pro  v.  mareis. 
cum  i.  dacra  choriorum.     Item  idem  Ohygayn  tenetur  ad  dimidiam  dussen  de  albo 


i99 

veste  anglicano,  et  ad  aliam  dimidiam  dusseyn  rubei  coloris,  pro  v.  nobilibus  et  xld. 
Item,  tenetur  idem  ad  viu.  cadays  valentes  viis.  Item,  ii.  facies  bombicum  valentes 
viiis.  et  viiid.  tenetur  idem.  Item,  tenetur  idem  ii.  quarteria  cum  dimidio  Uteris,  valentes 
xxiid.     Item,  Ohygayn  solvit  de  predictis  debitis  alternativis  temporibus  sic  xxd. ;  xs., 

vii.  unxias,  i.  noble,  iii.  sues  valentes  iis.  et  vid ;  ii.  sues  valentes  xld. ;  i.  suem  c va- 

lentem  iis.  i.  lactiferam  valentem  viiis.  et  iiii chorias  estimatas  ad  viii.  chorias 

butiri  Vasconnie  mensura,  et  relinquo  sue  consciencie  quantum  valuerunt  viii.  chorie, 
iiii.  mensuras  de  ordei,  semyquarterio  minus,  summa  que  solvit  de  predictis  iii11.  xiis.et 
iiiid.  Alia  vero  pars  aratro,  nondum  soluta  ab  eodem  Ohygayn,  extendit  se  ad  iiii.  marcas 
et  xxiid.  et  hoc  sine  computo  butiri  predicti,  quod  relinquo  usque  ad  xs.  si  probabit 
sic.  Item,  Willielmus  Develyn  tenetur  xiiii.  bucellas  salis  et  vi.  chorias,  et  hoc  super 
unam  ollam  quam  impignoratam  habeo  ab  ipso.  Item,  carpentarius  O  marchayn 
recipit  a  me  xxxd.  et  adhuc  quantum  probaverit  usque  ad  xld.  habeat.  Item,  Williel- 
mus boteler  tenetur  ad  ii.  dacras  choriorum.  Item,  Dominicus  lench  tenetur  ad  ii. 
dacras  et  vi.  chorias,  habens  pro  hiis  pignora  ipsius,  picta  zonam  argenteam  cum  cipho 
argenteo.  Item,  habeo  bombycuilum  mylery  filii  Ricardi  de  burgo  impignoratum  pro 
viis.  et  vid.  Item,  Thomas  O  Keynhyla  tenetur  1.  nobilem.  Item,  Ricardus  flavus 
Smyte  et  filius  Smyte  tenentur  ad  viiis.  reddit  quilibet  ipsorum  eque  ad  iiii.  Item, 
Odo  Mc  in  merulyd  tenetur  xxd.  Item,  Johannes  Mc  Manchyn  tenetur  ad  ii.  dacras 
choriorum.  Item,  Dermicins  Mc  Manchyn  tenetur  ad  viiis.  et  iiiid.  cum  i.  dacra  chorio- 
rum. Item,  Cuchalchayll  fynn  McNelynd  tenetur  ad  viis.  etviiid.  Item,  Ohallurayn 
tenetur  ad  iiiis.  et  iiiid.  pro  vino.  Item,  Walterus  de  burgo,  sue  nacionis  capitaneus, 
tenetur  ad  vi.  marcas  et  xld. ;  et  mc  mic  Rycairyd  est  pro  eo.  Item,  dermicius,  Dermicii 
nigri  filius,  tenetur  ad  xxs.  dempto  uno  dimidio,  et  in  parte  remitto,  solvendo  aliam 
partem  mihi.  Item,  Thomas  mc  in  nelynd  tenetur  ad  iiiis.  Item,  Johannes  gallda 
tenetur  ad  ii.  dacras  choriorum.  Item,  i.  pipam  salmonum  misi  in  manibus  Johanni 
fwyt  ad  vendendum.  Item,  Nicholas  Athy  tenetur  dimidiam  pipam  ferry.  Item, 
Mc  hwch  de  burgo  tenetur  ad  iiii.  marcas  et  xxd.  Item,  donatus  Ochonayr  tenetur 
pro  O  Dubnayn  ad  iiii.  dacras  choriorum.  Summa  in  pecunia  xx'1.  cum  ixs.  et  iid. 
Summa  in  choriis,  ii.  lastas,  c.  viii.  dacras  choriorum.  Summa  summarum  xxxviii1'. 
cum  ixs.  et  iid. 

Inventarium  debitorum  que  debet  reddere  suis  creditoribus.  Inprimis,  tenetur  uni 
mercatori,  viz.  hugoni  Wykfor  ad  xxiii.  dacras  choriorum,  quas  indilate  mandavit  sol- 
vere eidem.  Item,  tenetur  Philipo  McKynnamuyn  1.  nobilem.  Item,  fratri  predicti 
Philippi  tenetur  ad  xviiid.  Item,  Donalldo  hartheach  ad  xxxd.  Item,  Cornelio 
Dyreach  tenetur  ad  iis.  Item,  Malachie  O  Marchachayn  tenetur  ad  vs.  Item, 
messoribus  segetum  tenetur  ad  xxxiid.     Item,  Thome  O  Lygy  tenetur  ad  ixd.    Item, 

Dermicio 


200 

Dermicio  Magrotenetur  ad  xls.  viiid.  Item,  faraulis  vigilantibus  circa  villam  tenetur 
ad  iis.  Item,  ingi  myechayn  tenetur  ad  ii.  mensuras  frumenti,  et  alias  ii.  mensuras 
manseti  evene.  Item,  uxori  Johannis  Eeddemer  tenetur  ad  i.  sulcum  madrL  Item, 
fratre  ymananayn  tenetur  ad  viiis.  et  iiiid.  Item,  Waltero  Blake  tenetur  ixs.  et  iiiid., 
cum  duabus  virgis,  cum  quarterio  panni  Anglicani. 

Christi  nomine  Ihu  invocato,  et  ejus  auxilio  postulato,  Ego  reverendus  ac  dir 
tus  vir,  Johannes  Blake,  jacens  egrotus,  viam  universe  carnis  aripere  estiman?,  testa- 
mentum  meum  congruo  modo  condere  cupiens,  et  dicens  in  forma  subsequenti. — In 
nomine  sanctissime  trinitatis  ac  individue,  unius  patris,   et  filii  et  spiritus    sancti. 
Inprimis,  lego  animam  meam  summo  creatori  sue,  qui  hominem  ad  ymaginpro  • 
litudinem  suam  fecit  et  creavit;   at  lego  corpus  meum  ad  sepeliendum  in  loco  prt- 
decessorum  meorum,  in  ecclesia  fratrum  minorum  ville  de  Galvy.     Item,  lego  mecuni 
ubi  requies  mea  erit  et  resurrectio,  de  bonis  prescriptis  valorem  v.  marcarum,  secun- 
dum   communem  estimacionem,    fratribus  predicts.     Item,    lego   pro  decimis    i 
oblatis  ad  fabricam  capelle  Sancti  Nicholay,  et  ad  fabricam  capelle  Sancte  Anne  ville 
de  Galvy,  eque  inter  easdem  dividendo,  valorem  x.  marcarum  de  bonis  predictis.  sicut 
executor  subscriptus  poterit  expedire  et   exigere.     Item,   lego  domino  Rectori,   et 
domino  vicario  ejusdem  ville,  precium  vs.     Item,  lego  ad  ex< -quia »  mew  precium  ad". 
cum  i.  pipa  vini.     Item,  lego  fratribus    Galvye  xxviii.  virgas  de  lytyB.     Item,  . 
duobus  filiis  meis  xl.  marcas  de  predictis.     Item,  fratribus  de  Clar  lego  valorem  x.\s. 
de  predictis;  et  sic  omnibus  pauperibus  et  secularibus  subsequent ibus,  a  principio 
usque  ad  finem   testamenti  mei,   lego   communem  estimacionem   ab  executore   nieo 
recipere  et  nichil  ultra   exigere  volo  ab   eodem.     Item,   fratribus   lego   de  Athna- 
ryo-  xs.     Item,  lego  fratribus  de   Kenalheyn   i.  nobilem.     Item,  lego  fratribus   Kill- 
chony  i.  nobilem.     Item,  fratribus  de   lochryach  lego   i.  nobilem.     Item,    canonico 
()   gillarayn   lego  xld.     Item,    lego  ad  decenciam  altaris   beati   Antonii    iL  marcas. 
Item,  lego  ad  fabricam  ecclesie  parochialis  de  Athnaryg  x\     Item,    lego  fratr 
de  Mylyucli  i.  nobilem-     Item,  lego  fratribus  de  lochthra   i.   nobilem.     Item, 
fratribus  de  Phortdompna  i.  nobilem.     Item,  lego  fratribus  de  Roaoomayn  i.  nobilem. 
Item,  fratribus  Athlethayn  lego  i.  nobilem.     Item,  fratribus  de  Roba  lego  L  nobilem. 
Item,  lego  Margarete  Blake  ii.  marcas.     Item,  lego  Sile  Blake  i.  marcam.    Item,  lego 
duabus  filiabus  Blak  et  Annon  ii.  marcas.     Item,   lego  Kateline  et  Aveline  Blak  ii. 
marcas.    Item,  lego  duobus  filiis  meis  ii.  loricas  et  scapularia  ii..  ac  ii.  galea*.     Item, 
lego  Willielmo,  Walteri  Blake  filio,  iii.  marca?.     Item,  Ricardo  liavo.  Johannis  Blake 
filio,  lego  iii.  marcas.     Item,  lego  Thome  Blake  iii.  marcas.     Item,  fergallo  anchorite 
le°-o  mensuram  frumenti,  et  i.  vas  butiri.  Item,  Ane  lego  ii.  mensuras  frumenti.  Item, 
lego  bachachin  Blake  Xs.     Item,  filie  Mic  Richaryd  lego  vi.  marcas  de  ]  :  stoat 


201 

ceteri  habent,  estimacione,  et  equum  vel  iii.  marcas  pro  eqno.  Item,  lego  fratri  Thome 
O  clumayn  ii.  nobilia.  Item,  lego  aliis  vi.  fratribus,  viz.,  Donato  O  Neyll,  Davidi 
OM'chony,  Nicholao  OKeryn,  Donaldo  0  M'heach,  Odoni  0  Neyll  unicuique  istorum 
unum  nobilem.  Item,  lego  ad  domum  pauperum  i.  mensuram  frumenti,  aliam  pissarum, 
et  ii.  mensuras  evene.  Item,  lego  Ane  cece  i.  nobilem.  Item,  lego  Margarete  Sortret 
precium  vs.  de  bladiis.  Item,  legoMargarie  Stondun  et  Katerine  socie  sue  precium  vs. 
de  bladiis.  Item,  lego  Roys  ni  Dathuch  precium  xld.  de  bladiis.  Item,  Theobaldo  Jo- 
hannis  filio,  et  Thome  flavo  colactaneo  meo,  lego  precium  xis.  Item,  lego  alatrici  mee 
iiiior.  evene  mensuras. 

Med.  est,  quod  prefatus  Johannes  Blak,  coram  testibus  subscript-is,  omnia  ista  legata 
superaddita  aliis  primis  legatis,  sana  mente,  licet  eger  corpore,  personis  quoque  infra- 
scriptis  in  hunc  modum  fecit  et  legavit  dicens.  Inprimis,  lego  Edmundo  Kar  dimidiam 
dosseli  panni,  cum  ii.  quarteriis  salis.  Item,  lego  Theobaldo  McSeayn  glays  iii.  caballos. 
Item,  lego  Johanni  0  Lorchayn  i.  caballum,  et  ii.  mensuras  evene.  Item,  lego  Der- 
micio  lyncas  i.  mensuram  evene.  Item,  lego  fratri  Thome  Maglynn  ii.  buselas  salis. 
Item,  lego  Thome  Othyarnayd  ii.  quarteria  salis  et  i.  virgam  panni  cum  quarteria. 
Item,  lego  Willielmo  Martyn  dimidiam  quarteriam  salis.  Item,  Cronyn  O  Mulraty  i. 
mensuram  evene  lego.  Item,  lego  henrico  bodekyn  i.  quarteriam  salis,  cum  i.  virga  et 
dimidia  panni.     Item,  lego  pro  habitu  meo  tempore  mortis  recepto,  v.  virgas  vestium. 

"  Data  et  acta  sunt  hec  Anno  Domini  m°.cccc°.xx.  In  vigilia  nativitatis  virginis 
gloriose,  in  loco  ffratrum  minorum  de  Galvya,  coram  hiis  discretis  ac  fide  dignis  testi- 
bus, viz.  henrico  Baudekyn,  henrico  Blake,  fratre  Thoma  0  Clumayn  ordinis  minorum, 
Thoma  0  fioyn,  Willielmo  Walteri  blake  filio,  Kicardo  blake,  Thoma  claudo,  ac  plu- 
ribus  aliis  ad  premissa  rogatis  et  requisitis. 

"  Nos  Johannes,  Dei  et  Apostolice  sedis  gratia,  archiepiscopus  Tuamensis,  istud 
testamentum  Johannis  blake,  coram  nobis  exhibitum  in  ccclesia  parochiali  de  galvy, 
cujus  inventarium  una  cum  tabula  testamentaria  legimus,  vidimus  et  diligenter  in- 
speximus,  in  omni  sui  parte  tenore  presentium  confirmamus,  ratificamus  et  approba- 
mus.  Et  data  est  administracio  bonorum  dicti  Johannis  defuncti,  executori  infra 
scripto.     Data  et  acta  sunt  in  ecclesia  parochiali  predicte  ville. 

"  Hujus  autem  testamenti  mei  executorem  instituo,  ordino,  facio  atque  denuncio,  viz. 
Walterum  blak  Galfridi  filium,  cujus  dispocicioni  et  ordinacioni  omnia  supradicta  per  me 
legata,  sicut  ipse  melius  et  utilius  a  prefatis  debitoribus  exigere  poterit,  etc." — Orig. 

"  Laudum  Wil.  de  Burgo  sue  nacionis  capitanei,  el  aliorum,   inter  Henricum, 

Wittielmum,  et  Sily  Blake.  A.  D.  1424. 
"  Omnibus  christi  fidelibus  has  literas  visuris  vel  audituris  :  Nos  Willielmus  de 
Burgo  meeque  nacionis  capitaneus  et  miles,  Johannes  Mc  Huug  dicte  nacionis,  Williel- 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5.  2D  mus 


202 

mus  de  Valle,  Edmundus  Mc  Mio  Ricard,  Johannes  filius  Mileri  majrni.  Walterue 
M'  Thiboth,  Henricus  Ruffus  de  burgo,  salutem  et  subsequentibus  fidem  indubiam 
adhibere:  Noveritis  quod  pro  bono  pacis  inter  ipsos  qui  se  naturaliter,  et  secundum 
sanguinem  invicem  attigisse  noscuntur,  reformande  et  irnposterum  fideliter  et  fircniter 
observande,  viz.  Henrico  Blake  filio  Johannis  Blake  de  Athnarydh  ex  parte  una.  Wil- 
lielmo  Blake  ex  alia,  et  Sily  Blake  ex  parte  tercia,  dictis  partibus  circa  successionem 
hereditariam  tocius  hereditatis  Henrici  Blake  senioris  nuper  defuncti,  utroque  dieente 
se  altero  de  jure  potiorem,  nimium  contendentibus  seu  litigantibus,  rogati  et  requisiti 
per  predictas  partes,  prius  se  invicem  sub  pena  perjurii  manifesto  tactis  sacro-sanctis 
Dei  ewangeliis,  obligantes  stare  nostris  arbitrio,  compositione  sive  ordinacione.  et  earurn 
successores  et  heredes,  imperpetuum:  et  eciam  quod  quisquis  ex  predictis  Henrico  ju- 
niori  et  Willielmo,  quovismodo  contraveniret  alter  alteri  ad  summam  centum  librarum 
constitutodecontravencionehujusmodi  eo  ipso  firmiter  fuisset  obligatus,  nostras  ; 
interposuimus,  sufficient  caucione  fidejussoria  et  juratoria  prius,  ut  premissum  i 
eisdem  recepta,  prefatorum  Henrici,  Willielmi,  et  Sily  qualitatem  consider;; 
dicto  Henrico  juniori,  nostra  oppinione  et  judicio,  digniori  et  magis  merito  t<'tum 
illud  tenementum  per  longum  et  latum,  cum  omnibus  suis  pertinenciis.  in  quo  predictus 
Henricus  defunctus  nuper  inhabitabat,  heredibus  et  assignatis  suis  habendum  et  t  ■ 
dum  quiete  et  pacifice  concessimus,  composuimus  et  arbitrati  fuimus,  et  per  pre- 
concedimus,  componimus  et  arbitramur;  et  eciam  assignamus  dicto  quoque  Willielmo, 
heredibus  et  assignatis  suis,  in  recoinpensacioneni  dicti  magni  et  principalis  tenement!, 
assignamus,  componimus  et  ordinamus  duo  teuementa  jacentia  inter  domum  lapideam 
Johannis  Blake  junioris  nuper  defuncti  ex  parte  una,  et  terras  Johannis  Fyc: 
parte  altera.     Prefate  vero  Sily,  ad  terminum  vite  sue,  pro  sua  honesta  ^ustentacione. 
assignamus  omnia  ilia  et  singula  tenements,  jacencia  inter  ten.  nuper  Domini  ci  Lynche, 
et  terras  Thome  Penryse;  item,  unam  gurgitem  anguillarum  communiter  nominatam 
in  Nuntinach,  ita  turn  quod  post  decessum  dicte  Sily,  omnia  et  singula  per  n.  - 
assignata  revertantur  equaliter  inter  predictos  Henricum  juniorem  et  Willielmum,  he- 
redes sive  assignatos  suos.    Item  volumuset  ordinamus  qui  filii  dicti  Johannis  ju: 
et  Thome  nigri  Blake  habeant  omnia  terras,  tenementa  et  gurgites,  que  predict]  Johannes 
et  Thomas  dum  vixerant  possidebant.     Item,  volumus  et  ordinamus  quod  secundum 
quantitatem  porcionis  sibi  assignatam,  predicti  Henricus,  Willielmna, 
omnia  debita  dicti  Henrici  senioris,  et  incumbencia  onera  supportabunt.    Hec  presens 
ordinacio  facta  est  apud  Galviam,  decinio  die  rnensis  Septembris,  sub  testa mon in  sigil- 
lorum  nostrorum,  anno  Domini  m.cccc.xxiiii.  anno  vero  regni  Regis  Henrici 
conquestum  tercio." — Orig. 

The  four  documents  which  immediately  follow,  are  among  the  earliest  *peei: 


2o3 

of  written  English  found  by  the  Editor  in  this  district.  When  we  call  to  mind  that 
it  was  only  in  the  fourteenth  century  the  people  of  England  began  to  speak  in  a  lan- 
guage which  may  be  called  English,  though  even  that  cannot  now  be  understood  without 
the  help  of  a  glossary  (see  Henry's  Hist.,  Part  V.  p.  498)  and  that  Chaucer,  who  died 
A.  D.  1400,  is  unintelligible  without  similar  aid,  it  must  be  confessed  that  the 
"  comen  Englishe  tong"  is  of  respectable  antiquity  in  the  west  of  Ireland. 

"  Dede  of  delyveraunc  ofvi.  marc  xs.  to  Sandere  lynche  §  al. 
UA.D.  1430. 

"  Knowyngebe  thus  to  alle  men  yn  time  to  comyng  that  y  henry  Blake  and  Walter 
Blake  custumers  of  pe  Kyng  &  John  Eede  countroller  of  pe  porte  of  pe  Galvy  &  of 
Slego  haye  ymade  delyveraunce  to  Saunder  lynche  et  Davy  Botyller  vL  marc  xs.  pe 
wych  pe  for  sayde  Saunder  lynche  &Davy  Botyller  was  owing  of  a  tayllofxx.  marc  to 
Mc  Wylliam  p«  now  ys  and  of  pe  wiche  some  above  ysayde  we  knowlich  Saunder 
lynche  &  Davy  Botyller  full  payde  &  pe  for  sayde  henry  Blake  Walter  Blake  &  John 
Rede  pereof  quyte.  In  pe  wyttenys  her  of  Soverayne  andportreve  of  pe  Galvy  &many 
mo.  And  her  to  pe  for  sayde  Saunder  and  Davy  have  put  to  har  seals.  Iwrote  at  pe 
Galvy  pe  xx".  day  of  August.  The  zere  regnyng  of  Kyng  henry  pe  VI.  after  pe  conquest 
pe  viii.  zer. — Or  iff. 

"  Betwyxt  Wil  Blake  f.  Gefferey  and  hary  Blake  fz  John  for  thedevittion  of  all  titer  lands. 

"A.D.  1445. 

"  To  alle  trew  Cristen  peple  that  pis  present  writyng  schulle  se  or  hire  that  for  as 
moche  as  certeyn  discordis  strifes  and  debatis  have  been  now  late  Imevid  and  Ihad  bi- 
tweene  William  Blake  fe  Geffrey  burgeys  of  the  towne  of  Galvy  of  pat  one  party  and 
harry  Blake  fe  John  Blake  of  Athenry  and  John  his  sone  of  pat  other  party  as  for  cer- 
tayn  londis  and  tenementis  with  hare  aportenaunce  in  Galvy  and  in  the  subarbis  of  pe 
seide  towne  nevertheles  pe  seide  William  Blake  harry  Blake  and  John  his  sone  of 
pe  seide  discordis  stryves  and  debatis  bi  mediacion  of  hare  frendis  goyng  by  twene  in 
eschewyng  of  grevows  costagis  and  hurt  of  bope  parties  compromitted  ham  to  stonde 
to  pe  dome  and  Iugement  of  Willug  Burke  Justice  and  Sheref  of  Conoght  lorde  of 
Glanricard  and  maister  Iohn  fferere  generall  of  pe  frere  prechours  under  the  forme  as 
hit  schewith  here  after  write  which  pat  is  regestred  in  pe  comyn  paper  of  pe  towne 
of  Galvy  in  these  wordis  etc. 

"  Med  that  pe  iiid.  day  of  Octobr  the  zere  of  Kyng  harry  the  vish.  after  pe  conquest 
of  Englond  the  xxiii".  William  Blake  fe  Geffrey  of  pat  one  party  and  his  heiris  and 

2  D  2  assignys 


204 

assignys  and  harry  Blake  fe  John  Blake  and  John  his  sone  and  hare  heyris  and  hare 
assignys  of  that  oper  party  havyth  ensured  ham  a  fore  Willug  Burke  lorde  of  Glanri- 
card  Walter  ffrensche  soverayn  of  pe  Galvy  maister  John  fferere  Generalle  of  the 
frere  precheres  and  all  the  comborgeys  of  pe  towne  of  pe  Galvy  under  hare  othis  of 
the  masse  boke  and  the  holy  crosse  and  the  foresaide  lorde  borow  tin;  maister  and  all 
the  comburgeys  pat  pey  both  foresaide  parties  schalle  stonde  ferme  and  stable  for  nam 
and  evermore  of  alle  hare  contraversy  abowt  the  londe  and  pe  anheritaunce  pat  was 
sum  tyme  harry  Blake  pe  elders  with  Inne  and  with  owt  the  towne  of  Galvy  I 
dome  of  the  foreseide  Willug  Burke  and  maister  John  fferere  Generalle  of  pe  order 
with  owt  frawde  or  gile  or  after  clappis  of  sotilte  by  eny  of  the  foreseide  panic  above 
saide  etc  and  pat  pis  is  sothe  and  in  witnesse  of  trowthe  Nicholas  Skyret  sovereyn  of 
the  Galvy  Walter  Ffrensche  Saundye  lynche  harry  lynche  William  lynche  Stephen 
lynche  Robert  lynche  and  Walter  Athy  to  this  present  wrytyng  have  put  to  hare 
selys.  Iwrite  at  Galvy  the  last  day  of  Septembre  in  pe  yere  of  pe  regnyng  of  Kyng 
harry  pe  vi.  pe  xxiiii"." — Orig. 

"  Arbitrament  inter  William  fy  Geffray  et  Johanfy  Henry  Blake. 

"A.  J).  1445. 

"  To  all  cristen  pepill  that  this  present  enden tours  party s  shall  hire  or 
enow  that  pe  x  day  of  pe  niunth  of  noveinbre  ^ere  of  oure  lord   Kyng  henry  pe  vi 
aftir  pe  conquest  xxiiii1  William  fy  Geffray  Blake  yn  pat  onn  parti  his  heris 
assignys  &  Johan  fy  henry  Blake  his  heris  &  his  assignys  yn  pat  opir  parti  compro- 
mitid  aboute  all  pe  londe  and  parte  pat  Henry  fy  Johan  Blake  hilde  &  had  yn  his 
oune  possession  yn  pe  towne  of  Galvy  witin  &  witout  undir  pe  othe  of  pe  masboke  A 
pe  holy  crosse  &  vnto  Willok  Borke  lord  of  Clan  rycarde,  Rycard  Borke  fy  William 
maister  John  fyrere   Saundre  Lynche  William    Lynche  Water    Blake    A    Thomas 
Lynche  &  undir  pe  suirte  of  pe  same  wit  pe  soverayn  &  portrif  &  his  comburgens  of 
Galvy  to  stande  now  &  ever  to  harre  acorde  &  arbitryment  aftir  pe  forme  «i  pe  : 
pat  herafter  folayt  undir  pe  payn  of  an  hundird  pounte  bornys  Edmunde  Athye  & 
Thomas  Lynche  for  William  fy  Geffray  Blake  William  Lynche  &  Robert  Lynche 
for  Johan  fy  Henry  Blake     In  primis   pat  Johan  fy  henr  Blake  shall  hai 
ment  pat  sumtyme  wassh  Masstir  henr  Blake  pe  yklir  sum  time  burges  of  Gab. 
all  hes  oportnans  fram  pe  plase  of  Nicholas  Skyret  unto  pe  plase  pat  1* 
sumtyme  dvellid  yn  &  so  fro  pe  bye  strete  unto  pe  toune  walle  wit  an  ele  vere  me- 
eallet  Correcalle  &  a  parcel  of  londe  mecallit  Gortledrine   pat  his  fadir  hadde  Item  of 

A 


205 

al  pe  lande  witout  pe  Creggis  of  old  henrys  pat  William  abouseid  to  have  pe  toparte 
&  Johan  aforseid  to  have  pe  third  parte  Item  of  all  re  londis  of  olde  henrys  in  pe 
cuntre  pat  William  do  have  halfe  &  Johan  pe  topir  halfe  Item  pat  William  Blake 
to  have  all  pe  londis  &  tenementes  wityn  pe  Galvy  &  witoute  pat  wassh  yn  henr  fy 
Johan  his  possession  excep  abouseid  In  pe  witnyes  of  pis  endentours  we  partys 
aforseid  hath  putte  to  our  selis  wit  p  e  selis  of  Willok  abouseid  lorde  Eicard  Borke 
Maister  Johan  Fyrer  Saundr  Lynche  Water  Blake  and  Thomas  Lynche  wit  pe 
selis  of  pe  borovys  Edmunde  Athy  &  Eobert  Lynche  Dat  apud  Galvy  die  et  anno 
supradictis  &  as  mor  credens  pe  comyn  selis  ys  y  put  hirto  of  Galvy." — Orig. 

"  May st  Manes  M'Donkytk  ys  dede. 
"  A.D.  1449. 
"  Be  hit  knowyng  to  all  maner  men  p  at  \  is  present  endentur  sey  th  or  hyreth  pat  y 
mayster  manes  McDonkyth  zevyth  my  full  power  &  my  patent  to  M°  William  of  Clan- 
rycard  of  pe  xl  marc  pat  my  lyge  lord  Kyng  hath  yeve  to  me  of  pe  Cokket  of  Galvey 
&  of  Sligo  as  frely  as  y  had  hit  on  pis  condyssioun  pat  y  or  myn  attorney  schall  have 
every  zere  of  pe  forseyd  Mc  William  or  his  attorneys  what  profet  comyth  of  pe  cokket 
bi  a  halfe  at  Galvey  &  halfe  at  Sligo  y  to  pay  pe  fyses  of  pe  vi  li  as  hit  comyth  to  and 
in  record  pat  pis  trew  y  pe  forseyd  maister  manes  to  pis  present  endentur  put  to 
my  sele  Iwrite  at  Galvey  pe  xxvi  day  of  March  in  pe  zer  of  owr  lord  m'cccc0  et 
xlix  zer." — Orig. 

"  Testamentum  Johannis  f.  Hen.  Blak. 
"A.D.  1468. 
"  Ihus. 
"  In  nomine  sancte  et  individue  trinitatis,   scilicet,   patris,    et  filii    et  spiritus 
sancti,  anno  verbi  incarnati  M.  cccc°lxviii.,  in  crastino  Sancti  Patricii  et  confessoris 
nocte  diei  dominice,  ego  Johannes  films  Henrici  Blake  burgensis  ville  de  Galvy,  com- 
pos mentis  mee,  licet  eger  corpore,  condo  testamentum  meum  in  hunc  modum.     Im- 
primis do,  lego,    et  commendo  animam  meam  omnipotenti   Deo    eterno,    invisibili 
incommutabili,  qui  totus  ubique  est,  totus  ubique  presens,  non  per  partes  divisus, 
sed  totus  in  omnibus,  non  localiter  sed  potentialiter,   qui  sine  commutacione  sui 
mutabilia  curavit  et  curata  gubernat :    et  Marie  virgini  et  matri,   beato  Michaeli 
archangelo,  mire  virtutis  nuncio,  paradisi  preposito,  cui  ab  altissimo  receptio  et  custo- 
dia  animarum  sanctarum  extitet  deputata.     Et  similiter  do  et  lego  animam  meam 
tocius  curie  celestis  agminibus,  necnon  martiribus,  confessoribus  atque  virginibus : 
et  credo  in  fidem  universalis  et  Catholice  ecclesie,  s.  in  sanctam   trinitatem,  id  est 

patrem 


2o6 

patrem  et  filium  et  spiritum  sanctum,  unum  Deum  omnipotentem,  unius  substancie, 
iinius  essencie,  unius  potestatis,  creatorem  omnium  creaturarum,  a  quo  omma,  per 
quern  omnia,  in  quo  omnia.  Credo  patrem  a  se  non  ab  alio,  filium  a  patre  gemtum, 
Deum  verum  de  Deo  vero,  spiritum  Sanctum  a  patre  et  filio  equaliter  procedentem, 
consubstancialem  coeternum  patri  et  filio.  Credo  eundem  filium  Dei,  verbum  Del  et 
naturaliter  natum  de  patre,  et  consubstancialem  patri  per  entiam,  temporaliter 
natuin  de  spiritu  sancto  et  Maria  semper  virgine,  duas  habentem  nativitates.  unam 
ex  patre,  eternam,  et  aliam  ex  matre,  temporalem ;  qua  eciam  filius  Dei  sue  carnis 
concepcione  conceptus  est,  et  sue  carnis  nativitate  natus  est.  Deum  verum  confiteor 
conceptum,  eundem  verum  Deum,  et  verum  hominem  Jesum  Cbristum,  unum  filium 
Dei  unigeniti,  proprium,  perfectum  in  duabus  naturis,  in  unius  persone  singularitate, 
impassibilem  et  passibilem,  mortalem  atque  immortalem,  crucifixum  in  infir: 
nostra,  eundemque  semper  viventem  in  virtute  sua,  qui  mortuus  est,  carnis  sue 
morte,  et  sepultus,  atque  ab  inferis,  dampnato  et  spoliato  principe  tocius  iniquitatis, 
rediens,  tercia  die  resurrexit.  Item  lego  corpus  meum  sepeliendum  in  mon;. 
fratrum  minorum  ville  de  Galvy,  in  sepultura  fratrum  meorum,  nacionis  Blak.  <-ub 
proteccione  Sancti  Francisci,  et  suffragio  sui  ordinis. 

"  Debita  in  quilus  obligor. 

"Inprimis,  lego  et  relinquo  Petro  Lynche,  genero  meo,  lx.  marcas  quas  ei  dudum 
teneor  solvere,  pro  dote  Avelyne  Blak  filie  mee  carnalis,  ita  quod  earundem  lx.  mar- 
carum  solucio  fuerit  facta  secundum  formam  contractus  inter  no*  initi,  de  hujusmodi 
solucione  fienda.  Et  ipse  Petrus  tenetur  ad  solvendam  dimediam  partem  expensarum 
que  erunt  necessarie  pro  obtinenda  dispensacione  ad  purgandum  vicium,  et  delendum 
impedimentum  incestus,  vigentis  inter  ipsum  et  prefatam  filiam  meam.  Item,  lego 
Martino  lynche  pro  debitis  suis,  vic.  lyneos  quos  sibi  reddere  teneor.  Item,  lego 
supradicto  petro  lynche  \\i.  lineos  et  xld.  in  quibus  sibi  obligor.  Item,  lego  Johanni 
jong  \_yong~]  de  bristollia  xxs.  in  quibus  obligor  eidem,  et  plus  si  probttverit  me  teni. 
Item,  lego  Cristiane  WeltofFer  sua  debita  secundum  quod  suum  obligatorium  cavit. 
Item,  lego  Johanni  Byssum  mercatori  de  britania  unam  lastam  coriorum.  et  v.  dakras 
in  quibus  sibi  obhgor,  causa  mercancie.  Item,  lego  Lysvarthe  fernandus  unam 
lastam  coriorum  cum  dimedia  laste,  in  quibus  eidem  teneor.  Item,  teneor  eidem 
Lyswarte  ad  unum  hogeshed  mellis,  et  ipse  mihi  tenetur  ad  xiiii mellis. 


"  Hec  sunt  debita  que  mihi  a  diversis  debitor/bus  debentur. 
"  Inprimis,  supradictus  Johannes  byssum  mihi  obligator  ad  valorem  xii.  dekrarum 
coriorum,   de  ere,    et  ad  valorem   iiiior.  dekrarum  coriorum.    de   frumento.     Item, 

Stephanus 


207 

Stephanaus  Brun  mihi  tenetur  ad  vi.  clekras  coriorum,  liberorum  ad  burdam  navis  in 
portu  de  Galvy.  Item,  predictus  Lyswarte  mihi  obligatur  ad  ic.  lineum,  et  ad  xld. 
Item,  Johannes  Ffrench  mihi  obligatur  ic.  cum  dimidio.  Item,  Collas  de  bristollia 
mihi  obligatur  in  duobus  dacris  coriorum,  quas  dedi  sibi  pro  parte  Nicolai  Ffrenche ; 
et  ipse  Nicholaus  easdem  de  suis,  me  ignorante,  persolvit  eidem.  Item,  Karolus 
0  Doelleayn  mihi  obligatur  in  una  lasta,  vii.  dacras  et  vii.  coria.  Item,  Gillacriste 
Mc Kenny  et  suus  Alius  mihi  obligantur  insolidum  in  duabus  lastis  et  v.  coriis  et  unl 
lineis.  Item,  dictus  mihi  obligatur  per  se  in  dimedia  lasta  coriorum.  Item,  Donatus 
O  Grane  mihi  obligatur  in  una  lasta  cum  dimedia.  Item,  Dermicius  O  Colgon  tene- 
tur mihi  in  duabus  lastis  coriorum.  Item,  Moehony  Mcfflaherty  ytheressay  mihi 
obligatur  in  xii.  dekris  et  ix.  coriis.  Item,  Cornalius  Mcgreyn  mihi  tenetur  in  dime- 
dia lasta  et  vi.  coriis.  Item,  Willielmas  McKenry  mihi  obligatur  in  xv.  dekris  corio- 
rum et  vi.  coriis.  Item,  Donatus  McGreyn  tenetur  mihi  in  dimedia  lasta  coriorum  et 
vi.  coriis.  Item,  Maurus  M°agearlary  tenetur  mihi  in  xiiii.  dekris  et  vi.  coriis.  Item, 
Donatus  O  Mulluyn  tenetur  mihi  in  duabus  dekris  et  iiii.  coriis.  Item,  Morina  inge 
Mc  Kearhy  mihi  tenetur  in  xxs.  et  duodecim  coriis.  Item,  Maurus  O  Mulmalia  tene- 
tur mihi  in  v.  dekris  et  ix.  coriis.  Item,  Johannes  O  Hannyn  tenetur  mihi  in  iiii. 
dekris  et  uno  corio.  Item,  Cornelius  O  Hannyn  tenetur  in  ix.  dekris  et  corio  uno. 
Item,  Cornelius  O  Marcuayn  tenetur  mihi  in  quinque  marcis.  Item,  Willielmus 
O  Korbayn  tenetur  mihi  in  tribus  dekris  et  duobus  coriis.  Item  cantor  mihi  obliga- 
tur in  xxs.  Item,  0  Lorkayn  in  iiis.  Item,  Johannes  M°  eagayn  in  duobus  nobilibus. 
Item,  Hobertus  Macicknuk  mihi  obligatur  in  tribus  libris  et  xd.  Item,  Johannes  de 
Burgo  rector  de  Athnary  tenetur  mihi  in  xs.  Item,  Uluk  Alius  Eistardi  Mc  tomas 
mihi  obligatur  in  vis.  et  viiid.  Item,  Valterus  flavus  filius  hoberti,  vis.  et  viiid.  Item, 
Edmundus  Mac  icknuk,  viis.  xd.  Item,  Odo  O  Lensgy,  M1  tabullas  doliorum  cum 
dimedia.  Item,  Cormacus  O  Mochayn,  xxs.  demptis  viii'1.,  et  si  solvit  unam  marcam 
sum  contentus. 

"  Largicio  elemosinarum  mearum. 
"  Imprimis,  lego  et  imperpetuum  concedo  super  hereditate  in  villa  de  Galvy,  inclu- 
sive me  spectante,  dimediam  marcam  sacerdoti  cotidie  missas  celebranti  super  altare 
Sancti  Patricii  in  ecclesia  ville  Galvy  existente,  pro  anima  mea,  et  anhna  mee  uxoris, 
et  parentum  meorum.  Item,  lego  eidem  ecclesie  in  recompensacionem  mearum  deci- 
marum,  iii.  marcas.  Item,  lego  monasterio  fratrum  de  Galvy  iiii.  marcas.  Item,  lego 
monasterio  fratrum  predicatorum  ville  de  Athnary  iii.  marcas,  et  ecclesie  parochialis 
ipsius  ville  de  Athnary  fabrice,  unam  marcam,  prout  Stephanus  Brun  in  melius  vide- 
bit  expendere.  Item,  lego  monasterio  de  Lochrech,  dimediam  marcam.  Item,  lego 
monasterio  de  Portdomna  xld.     Item,  lego  monasterio  de  Myluk  dimediam  marcam. 

Item, 


2o8 

Item,  lego  monasterio  de  Kylconyll  xld.  Item,  lego  monasterio  de  Kennaleyn  xld. 
Item,  lego  monasterio  de  Athluayn  xld.  Item,  lego  monasterio  de  Moeyn  xld.  Item, 
lego  monasterio  de  Rosrella  xld.  Item,  lego  ceteris  piis  locis  elemosinam  pro  anima 
mea,  secundum  consideracionem  infrascriptorum  executorum  meorum,  prout  in  melius 
eis  videbitur  distribuere.  Item,  lego  pissam  et  zonam  meam  meliorem  altari  nacionis 
mee,  quod  est  in  monasterio  fritrum  predicatorum  ville  de  Galvy,  cum  signeto  meo 
aureo,  ad  aliquod  opus  juxta  disposicionem  Johannis  filii  Willielmi  Blak. 

"  Bona  que  possideo. 

"  Item,  viii.  dolia  vini  sive  ylage.  Item,  alia  iii.  dolia,  viz.,  duo  de  Osse  et  unum  de 
Bastarde.  Item,  duo  lasta  coriorum  cum  dimedia.  Item,  xL  marcas  in  pecunia.  Item, 
quinque  pissa  argentea.  Item,  unam  nucem  argenteam.  Item,  xiii.  cokliaria  argentea. 
Item,  duas  zonas  argenteas. 

"Item  lego  Vadyn  Blak  omnes  terras,  tenementa  ac  redditus,  viz.  filio  meo  1 
timo,  que  jure  progenitorum  habeo  in  villa  de  Galvy  et  de  Athnary,  intus  et  extra 
predictas  villas,  necnon  in  aliis  locis  Conacie  ;  et  instituo  ipsam  Vadyn  in  hiis  omni- 
bus in  meum  heredem.  Item,  do  et  lego  eidem  Vadyn.  filio  et  heredi  meo,  caldarium 
meum,  et  iii.  magnas  ollas,  et  iii.  parvus  ollas.  Item,  lego  eidem  patenam  eneam,  ita 
quod  Juliana  uxor  mea  habebit  terciam  partem  ipsorum  vassorum  ad  die:-  HH 
usum  omnium  predictorum  similiter  habebit,  donee  ipse  Vadyn  meruerit  ea  habere, 
sustinendo  onera  incumbencie  effectualiter.  Item  terciam  partem  ipsorum  vassorum 
argenteum  eidem  Juliane  ad  dies  suos  lego.  Item,  lego  ipsa  Vadyn  loricam  cum  sca- 
bulare.  Item,  do  et  lego  filio  meo,  viz..  Willielmo,  tenementum  quod  jacet  inter 
tenementum  Johannis  Blak  filii  supradieti  Willielmi.  ex  una  part..-,  et  tenementum 
Johanne  Panrys  ex  altera  parte.  Item  remitto  germanis  meis  omnes  expensas  quas 
feci  pro  recuperandis  terris  ipsorum,  diversis  creditoribus  titulo  pignoris  obliga- 
terris  de  Athnary  existentibus,  que  eis  debentur  ordinacione  patris  nostri  ;  ita  turn 
quod  terre  impignorate  per  ipsum  patrem  penes  heredem  meum  remauebunt.  donee 
recuparabit  pecuniam  quam  pro  earum  solucione  solvebam.  Item,  lego  hered. 
meam  in  prefatis  villis,  et  in  francheis  earundem  et  alibi  existentem.  tain  in  tenemen- 
ts quam  in  terris  arrabilibus,  tam  in  pasturis,  in  montanis,  et  planis,  quam  in  virgul- 
tis  et  redditibus,  eisdem  germanis  meis,  si,  quod  absit,  ipse  filius  meus  et  heres  obierit, 
sine  herede  masculo  de  suo  corpore  legittime  procreato  ;  ita  quod  ipsi  postquam 
adepti  erunt  eandem  hereditatem,  ob  causam  predictam.  solvant  lx.  marcas  pro  ipsa 
hereditate,  viz.,  xl.  marcas  de  hiis  duabus  filiabus  meis,  viz.,  Anorine  et  Eveline 
Blak,  et  xx.  marcas  monasterio  et  ecclesie  ville  Galvye,  supradictis.  per  equalem  divi- 
sionem.     Et  si  ipsi  obierunt  sine  heredibus  de  eorum  corporibus,  viz.,  masculis. 

time 


209 

time  procreatis,  eandem  hereditatem  filiis  Willielmi  Blak  do  et  lego.  Item  lego 
predicte  filie  mee,  vidz.  Anorine  unum  dolium  vinL  Item,  lego  germane  mee  Joharme 
Blak  unam  pipam  vini.  Item,  lego  Stephano  Broun  usum  et  habitacionem  celarii  ex 
opposito  castri  mei  existentis  in  villa  de  Athnary,  quod  vocatur  bowtha,  ita  quod 
ipsum  habebit  sine  contradiccione  et  molestacione  aliqua,  durante  vita  sua  ;  et  hoc 
sibi  varentizo.  Item,  domino  Donato  archiepiscopo  Tuamensi  togam  meam  meliorem 
lego.  Item,  lego  OdoDi  O'Tyarna  vicario  de  Galvy  togam  meam  secundam  meliorem. 
Item,  Odoni  O'Molilayn  discipulo  meo,  alteram  togam  cum  dubelet,  et  calciamentis 
viridis  coloris.  Item,  lego  Johanni  Rys,  presbitero,  caputium  meum  et  dubelet,  et 
calciamenta  greciei  coloris.  Item,  lego  cuilibet  sacerdoti  ecclesie  parochialis  ipsius 
ville  de  Galvy  xiid.  Item,  unicuique  fratrum  de  conventu  supradicti  monasterii  de 
Galvy,  promoto  in  sacerdocio,  iiiid.  Item,  clamidem  meam  fratri  Malachio  O'Dubayn. 
Item,  lego  duobus  alumpnis  meis  duas  loricas,  cum  duobus  scabularibus. 

"  Item,  lego  et  imperpetuum  relinquo  usum,  habitacionem  et  conduccionem  ter- 
rarum  mearum  nuncupatarum  Clogreayn,  existencium  in  terris  de  Athnary,  in  longum 
et  latum  prout  se  extendit  inter  suos  certos  et  antiquos  confines,  comunitati  vici  de 
Lathregh  in  Athnary,   in  feno  et  pastura  quamdiu  potuerunt  et  voluerunt  redditus 

heredibus  et  assignatis  meis  solvere,  et  supportare  arratura, tamen  excepta, 

quam  heredi  meo  reservo,  pro  cujus  arratura  eidem  comunitati  xxd.  in  antea  remissi, 
quas  quidem  usum,  habitacionem  et  conduccionem  a  me  meis  heredibus  et  assignatis, 
modo  et  forma  predictis,  eidem  comunitati  imperpetuum  varentizo,  ita  turn  quod  nee 
heredes  mei  nee  assignati  easdem  terras  aliquibus  nobilibus  nee  ignobilibus  circum- 
jacencium  terrarum  unde  prejudicium  eidem  comunitati  gravaretur,  vendire,  alienare, 
impignorare  nee  locare  possunt  ;  set  ipsa  communitas  in  hiis  omnibus  pre  ceteris  aliis 
prefertur.  Item,  volo  et  concedo  quod  fiat  justicia  inter  dictum  meum  filium  et  here- 
dem  ex  una  parte,  et  filios  Willielmi  yLachnayn  de  Athnary,  de  et  super  terris  super 
quibus  lis  movetur  inter  me  et  ipsos,  quarum  vero  judicii  diffinicioni  relinquo  fieri 
judicialiter  per  dominum  Donatum,  Dei  gratia  archiepiscopum  Tuamensem,  et  per  alios 
quos  sibi  ad  ipsum  judicium  faciendum  eligerit  et  assumpsit.  Super  omnia  et  singula 
preinactitata,  scripta,  legata,  relicta  et  disposita,  rite  et  recte  peragenda,  ego  Johannes, 
testator  memoratus,  Johannem  filium  Willielmi  Blak,  et  Nieholaum  Ffrench  in  meos 
veros  et  indubitatos  executores  constituo,  ordino,  pariter  et  depute  Verum  improvi- 
sores  omnium  et  singulorum  meorum  bonorum,  meique  heredis  et  uxoris,  in  hoc  tes- 
tamento  instituo,  eligo,  viz.  Petrum  lynche  et  robertum  Ffrenche,  et  assume  In 
manus  Dei  omnipotentis  vivi,  et  incommutabilis  altissimi,  apud  quern  vivunt  spiritus 
mortuorum,  et  manent  ^lectorum  anime,  reposito  carnis  onere,  plena  felicitate  letantnr, 
commendo  animam  meam,  Amen.     Hoc  testamentum  est  conditum  Anno  et  die  supra- 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.  NO.  1 5.  2  E  dictis 


210 

dictis,   Testibus  protunc  presentibus,  Willielmo  filio  Alexandri  Lyncbe  tunc  su] 
ipsius  ville  de  Galvy,  Nicholao-Ffrenche,  Jobanne  filio  Willielmi  Blak  dictis  executo- 
ribus,  Petro  lynch,  Roberto  Ffrenche,  memoratis  provisoribus,  Domino  Odone  O  tyarny 
vicario  dicte  ville,  magistro  Valtero  Lang  notario,  et  Dominice  filio  Roberti  lynche,  et 
multis  aliis." — Orig. 

The  foregoing  "last  will,"  and  that  of  A.  D.  1420,  [see  p.   198]  are  the  most  cu- 
rious and  perfect  specimens  of  ancient  testamentary  disposition  which  the  Editor  has 
here  met  with.     The  pious  exordium  and  conclusion  of  the  latter  are  worthy  the 
attention  of  the  reader.     Both  instruments  shew  the  wealth  and  munificence  of  the 
opulent  burghers  by  whom  they  were  made.    They  also  point  out  the  nature,  and,  in 
some  degree,  the  extent  of  the  commerce  carried  on  at  that  period  in  this  western  part 
of  Ireland.  This  class  of  documents  may,  moreover,  be  considered  useful  as  afford; 
tisfactory  evidence  of  the  manners  and  customs  of  the  times  to  which  they  relate,  and  they 
therefore  become  valuable  for  historical  purposes.    Thus,  we  read  in  the  for  . 
of  A.  D.  1420,  that  the  testator,  who  appears  to  have  died  in  the  habit  of  St  Francis, 
bequeathed  for  post  mortem  ceremonies  40s.  and  a  pipe  of  wine;  which,  it  mu-t  I 
fessed,  was  a  liberal  allowance  to  keep  up  the  "  merriment  of  an  Irish  wake."  This  - 
to  prove  the  long  standing  of  a  custom  which  still  prevails  but  too  much  in  Ireland.    The 
Editor  has  seen  a  "  -will"  made  within  the  la-t  forty  years,  wherein  the  testator,  a  Con- 
naught  gentleman,  ordered  that,  after  his  death,  he  should  be  "waked"  by  his  tenants, 
for  three  successive  nights,  in  a  large  out-house  or  barn;  that  a  hogshead  of  whiskey 
should  be  supplied  each  night;  and  that  he  should  himself  be  placed  in  a  sitting  pos- 
ture, with  a  bottle  and  glass  before  him,  as  if  enjoying  the  festivity  of  the  scene.  This 
"old  custom,"  which  General  Vallancey  learnedly  tells  us  the  Irish  derived  from  the 
Arabians,  is  now  happily  disappearing. 

"  Sententia  lata  inter  Ric.  et  Nico.  Blake,  et  stirpem  Walteri  T/wme  de  Kyltulag-mor. 

"A.D.  1543- 
"  In  Dei  nomine  Amen.    Nos  Dominus  Willielmus  De  Burgo  miles,  Ricardionim 

dominus,  ac  Regis  excellencie  in  Conacia  capitaneus,  Reverendissimi  domini.  Christo- 
pherus    divina  gratia  Tuamensis    archiepiscopus,   ac  Rolandus    eadem  C. 
episcopus,  necnon  et  Boecius  McKeagayn  arbiter  secularis.  Indices  seu  arbitri  electi 

sub  intercessione  et pena  ducentarum  vaccarum,  de  stando  judicio  et  laudo 

nostro  in  causa  mota  super  duabus  quarteriis  De  Kyltulag-mor,  inter  honorabiles  viros 
Richardum  et  Nicholaum  Blake  parte  ex  una.  actores  et  generosos  omnes  et  singulos 
de  stirpe  Walteri  Thome  de  Silina  Dorsi  rubei  ex  altera,  ut  premissum  est.  inve- 
nimus   sufficienter  probatum,  tain  per  instruments  autentica,  quain  ex  deposessione 

approhe-rum 


21  1 

approborum  et  anticorum,  atque  ex  solucione  annualis  pensionis,  quod  ille  due  quar- 
terie  de  Kyltulagh-mor,  jure  hereditario  spectant  ad  prefatos  Ricardum  et  Nicholaum 
Blake.  Quare  antefato  nomine  invocato,  non  declinanfes  ad  dextram  neque  ad  senex- 
tram,  sed  Deum  semper  pre  oculis  habentes,  easdem  duas  quarterias  de  Kyltulag-mor 
cum  omnibus  cummoditatibus  et  communibus,  eisdem  Richardo  et  Nicholao  Blake, 
per  hoc  nostrum  laudum  sive  sententiam,  adjudicamus,  imponentes  omnibus  et  singu- 
lis de  eadem  stirpe  Walteri  Thome,  perpetuum  silencium,  ut  de  cetero  non  inquieta- 
bunt  nee  perturbaberunt  prefatos  Richardum  et  Nicholaum,  nee  suos  firmarios, 
subditos  seu  familiares,  habitantes  in  eisdem  duabus  quarteriis  de  Kyltulag-mor.  Et 
si  qui  vel  quis  de  eadem  stirpe  Walteri  Thome,  contrarium  facere  presumpserint  aut 
presumpserit,  quod  protunc  ceteri  alii  et  qualibet  pro  se  de  eadem  stirpe  Walteri 
Thome  teneantur  et  tenetur  eisdem  Ricardo  et  Nicholao  blake  emendationem  cotfdig- 
nam  facere,  ac  etiam  solvere  penam  ducentarum  vaccarum  prescriptarum,  eodem  laudo 
nostro  declaramus :  reservata  nobis  potestate  absolvendi  vel  condempnandi  eosdem  de 
stirpe  Walteri  Thome,  in  illis  centum  sextagenta  quenque  marchis  in  quibus  cessarunt, 
in  solucione  debite  pensionis  tempore  ferme,  eaque  finita  secundum  asseveracionem 
predictorum  Ricardi  et  Nicholai.  Actum,  gestum,  latum,  et  declaratum  in  Senobio 
Sancti  Francisci  ville  Galvie,  tercio  die  mensis  Apprilis  An0  Domini  m.ccccc.xliii.  et 
regni  invictissimi  Henrice  octavi,  Regis  Anglie  Francie  et  Hibernie,  fideique  defen- 
soris,  ac  sub  Cristo  supremi  capitis  ecclesie  Anglicane  et  Hibernicane,  An0  tricessimo 
quarto.  Hiis  testibus  presentibus,  viz.  nobili  viro  Donaldo  O'Flaharty — Jacobo  Skeret, 
Johanne  frenche,  Thoma  lynche  burgens.  ejusdem  ville,  ac  dominis  Abbate  O  Cor- 
mockayn  et  Davide  Juveni  custode  dicti  Senobii,  Jonote  Mc  Thomas  ac  Thoma  O 
Gyllorayn,  cum  pluribus  aliis  clericis  et  laycis.  In  fidem  vero  et  testimonium  omnium 
premissorum  sigilla  et  signa  nostra  presentibus  apposuimus. 

W.  B.    "  Christophorus  Tuamen.  Rolandus         lTlipe  baerjalach  mac 

"M propria.  Clonferten.    oomnaill  romaoc. 

Manupro.  lep  in  bpeir  peo  cucip 

map  ca  pf  pcpibca." 

"  The  Order  taken  betywxt  J  oh.  Wak  Wlleg  §  ye  Blahs  by  ye  lord  Chaunseler. 

"A.D.1S53- 
Memorand.  that  whereas  Johnn  M'Welycke  complayned  be  for  the  Right  honor- 
able Sr  Thomas  Cusake  kinght,  the  kinges  Majestes  Lord  Chaunceller  of  Irelande, 
againste  Richarde  Blake  and  Nichas  Blake  of  G-alwy,  for  to  have  recompence  of  suche 
buldinges  and  charges  as  his  auncetores  was  at,  for  the  buldinge  of  the  castell  of 
Kyltullaghmore  in  the  counte  of  Connaght,    supposinge  the  same  to  be  ther  inheri- 

2  E  2  taunce 


212 

taunce.  Whereas  trouthe  they  had  nothioge  therein  But  for  the  terme  of  foure 
yeres,  yeldinge  ther  for  yerlie  xxvis.  vmd.  sterlinge  as  by  a  deade  thereof  shoued  forthe 
by  the  said  Ricbarde  and  Nichas  made  by  the  auncetors  of  the  said  Richard  and  Nichas 
unto  the  grauntfather  of  the  said  John  more  playnler  did  appere:  Yet  for  as  myche  as 
the  said  parties  of  ther  own  free  willis  submytted  them  selvys  to  the  order  arbytter- 
ment  and  judgment  of  the  said  Lorde  Chauncellor  whiche  toke  the  charge  thereof 
upon  hym.  Ffyrste  did  adwarde  that  the  said  parties  sholde  performe  all  former  arbit- 
termentes  and  judgementes  yevine  betwixt  the  said  parties  for  and  concerninge  the 
premisses,  And  alsoe  consideringe  the  power  tie  of  the  said  John,  and  that  the  said 
Richarde  and  Nichas  shall  take  the  comodyte  of  the  said  buldinge  done  uppon  ther 
inheritaunce,  ther  for  the  said  Lorde  Chaunceller  doo  adwarde  and  judge  that  the  said 
Richard  and  Nichas  shall  paye  yerlye  unto  the  said  John  and  his  assignes  duerynge  his 
naturall  lyfe  and  no  furdher, ....  shillinges  foure  pence  sterlinge  abowe  the  thre  shil- 
linges  foure  pence  affor  adwarded,  Whiche  som  amountithe  to  sixe  shillinges  eight  pence 
sterlinge  yerlye :  And  alsoe  shall  yelde  and  paye  fyve  markes  sterling  unto  the  said 
John,  be  for  this  unto  hyme  adwarded,  unles  the  said  Richarde  and  Nichas  do  prowe 
the  said  sum  to  be  satisfied  unto  the  said  John.  The  hiring  thereof  by  the  said  L. 
Channcllor  ys  appoyntede  to  the  Archebusshoppe  of  Thombe  and  to  the  maior  of 
Galwy.  And  if  it  appere  unto  them  that  the  said  fyve  markes  or  any  parte  therof  to 
be  dwe,  then  the  said  Richard  and  Nichas  to  paye  the  same  within  thre  monithes  after, 
fturder  the  said  L.  Channcllor  doo  adward,  Judge  and  decre,  then  when  sot.-  ever  the 
saide  John  be  lafully  required  by  the  said  Richard  or  Nichas  ther  heyres  i  i 
shall  release  to  them  ther  heyres  and  assignes  all  the  right,  title,  intreste,  posv 
and  demand  that  he  hathe,  or  of  right  he  oght  to  have,  in  or  uppon  the  said  towne 
lordshippe  and  inheritaunce  of  Kyltullaghmore,  for  ever. — In  Wittnes  whereof,  the 
said  L.  Chauncller  unto  this  presents  hath  subscribed  his  name.  Yevyne  at  Galvy,  the 
vm.  of  Apriell  A0,  r.  r.  Edwardi  sexti  septimo. 

•'  Thomas  Cvsake  Cancel. 

•'   R.   Cl.ANRYCARD. 

••  CRISTOPHER.   TlAMJEN. 

■■  Kobert  Dyllon,  Attorn. 
••  R0LAHDU8  Cloxferten." 

The  following  fragment  is  all  that  now  remains  of  the  "  Pettegree,"  which  accom- 
panied the  petition  of  John  Blake  to  the  commissioners  of  the  Plantation,  in  A.  D.  1640 
(see  ante,  p.  192).     The  commencement,  which  connected  some  of  the  early  branches 

with  the  main  stock,  is  lost. 

John 


2I3 


John*. 


Nicholas.       Thomas.       Walter.       Richard. 


Valentyn.     William.  John. 

I       i  i         1 

John.     Valentyn.  Thomas.     William. 

Nicholas.  Walter. 


John. 


John. 


Sir  Valentyneb, 


_  ) 

James.  Richard. 


Nicholas.  Sir  Thomas,  Ffrancis.  Geffrey.  John.  Anthony.  Dominick. 

now 
living. 


John0.        Martine.       James.       Nicholas. 


Sir  Valentyne,      Walter.       Geffrey, 
now  living. 


Geffrey.d 

I 
Richard. 


I 
Walter. 


Andrew.  Peetter. 

I 
The  said  Andrew  had  three  sons,  William,  now  living,  descended  of  the 
first;   Henry  Fitz-P.,   now  living,    descended   of  the   second;    and 
Marcuse  and  Sir  Richard'  now  living,  descended  of  the  third. 


Geffrey. 


John. 


Martine. 

I 
Andrew. 


Thomas,  oute  of 
I  matrimony. 

Anthony. 


Arthur. 


Walter. 


Walter,        Richard, 
now  living. 


John.        Julian,  married  to  Nicholas, 
now  living. 


Henry.  Nicholas,  married  to  Julian, 

now  living. 


1  The  testator  of  A.  D.  1468.     See  p.  205. 

b  The  first  baronet  of  the  Menlo  branch. 

c  TJie  petitioner  of  A.  D.  1640,  whose  descendant 
and  heir  male  in  the  sixth  generation,  Henry  Blake, 
Esq.,  of  Rinvile,  in  the  barony  of  Balinahinch  and 
county  of  Galway,  is  supposed  to  be  the  present  head 
of  the  name. 


d  This  Geffrey  was  cotemporaneous  with  John,  the 
grandson  of  John  the  testator  of  A.  D.  1468. 

e  Ancestor  of  Maurice  Blake,  Esq.,  of  Balinafad, 
in  the  county  of  Mayo. 

f  Ancestor  of  the  Rt.  Hon.  Lord  Baron  Wallscourt. 


NOTE 


214 


NOTE  K.     See  page  34.     "  College  of  Galway." 

The  Regal  Visitation  of  A.  D.  161 5,  gives  the  following  account  of  this  foundation: 
"  Quam  primum  venimus  ad  Galiviam,  Templum  ingressi,  majorem  et  Aldennanos 
illius  civitatis  convocavimus,  et  quesivimus  quomodo  cultus  divinus  in  eadem  Ecclesia 
celebratur.  Presentabant  illi  coram  nobis  duos  ministros,  quorum  alter  noviter,  paulo 
ante  adventum  nostrum,  promotus  et  electus  fuit  Guardianus  Collegia  ibidem,  homo 
lesie  fame,  et  vix  probate  vite.  Alter,  minister  vagus,  undiquaquam  cursitans,  et 
alias  in  diversis  diocesibus  beneficiatus.  Hoc  responsum  valde  displicuit  nobis,  nam 
justam  prebuit  occasionem  nobis  suspicandi,  quod  in  eadem  civita'  at,  proma- 

jori  parte,  sine  servitio  divino,  et  pene  absque  Deo  in  terris.  Cujus  defectus  rationem 
ulterius  indagantes,  invenimus  in  cemiterio  ejusdem  ecclesie,  extructum  fuisse  ab  an- 
tiquo,  Collegium  pro  uno  Gardiano  et  octo  vicariis  choralibus,  ad  serviendum  et 
celebrandum  divinum  cultum  in  ilia  ecclesia,  primo  fundatum  per  Papam  ducentis 
abhinc  annis;  extunc  restauratum  per  Edwardum  sextum  et  lieginam  Elizabetham  ad 
usum  precedentem.  Intelleximus  etiam  quod  annuus  valor  beneficiorum  speetantium 
ad  idem  collegium  extendit  se  ad  octoginta  libras,  quolibet  anno,  sed  quod  qui  fuerunt 
nuper  Gardiani  in  illo  collegio  minus  juste  authoritatem  sibi  usurpaaBenf  sub  debito 
et  justo  valore  dimittendi  fructus  et  emolumenta  dicti  collegii.  Nominatim  vero  denota- 
verunt  nobis  Rolandum  nunc  episcopum  Clonfertensem  et  Duacensem,  et  Abelem  V. 
nuper  Gardianos,  nimis  providos  dimisisse  proventus  Collegii,  a  valore  octoginta  libra- 
rum  ad  valorem  quadraginta  librarum  reduxisse.  Unde  nos  diligentius  literas  funda- 
tionis  illius  collegii  considerantes,  et  tenorem  literarum  patentium,  invenimus  i^tas 
iniquas  dimissiones  omnino  injuste  fuisse  factas ;  et  quod  Gardianus  dicti  Collegii 
electus  tantumodo  ab  anno  in  annum  non  potuit  pro  tempore  longiori  dimittere-  Et  quia 
speciatim  per  dictas  literas  patentes  providetur,  quod  Gardiani  et  vicarii  singulis  annis 
tenentur  reddere  computum  majori  et  Ballivis  illius  civitatis,  dc  dimissLooe  fructuum 
collegii,  atque  sine  eorum  consensu  et  speciali  confirmatione  nihil  potuerunt  fact.  1 
dimittere  quod  ad  damnum  illius  collegii  redundaret ;  harum  verum  debita  considera- 
tione  inducti,  primo  sequestravimus  omnes  fructus  et  emolumenta  inducti  colli  e 
manus  trium  civium  illius  civitatis  satis  divitum  et  bone  fame  et  estimationis  qui 
libentur  hujus  negotii  curam  in  se  susceperunt;  quos  ego  Cancellarius  per  strktam  re- 
cognitionem  domino  Eegi  obligavi,  ut  fidelem  computum  et  exactmn,  annua tim  fructuum 
et  proventionum  illius  collegii  redderent  majori  et  vicecomitibus  dicte  civitatis,  serio 
dedimus  in  mandatis,  ut  non  solum  cum  advisamento  Archiepiscopi  Tuamensis  unum 
Gardianum  et  octo  vicarios  in  dicto  collegio  locarent,  constituerent  ad  celebrandum 
divinum  cultum  et  servitium  in  eadem  Ecclesia,  sed  etiam  ut  annuale   stipendium 

pro 


2I5 

pro  stipendio  Gardiani  et  vicariorum  persolverent  cui  nostri  directioni  in  hac  parte  li- 
bentissirne  se  submisserunt.  Qua  ratione  speramus  divinum  cultum  in  ilia  Ecclesia 
stabiliendum  et  restorandum,  quod  precamur  ex  ammo.''' 

The  Commissioners  then  proceed: — 

"  Wee  found  in  Gal  way  a  publique  schoolesmaster  named  Lynch,  placed  there  by  the 
Cittizens,  who  had  great  numbers  of  schollers,  not  only  out  of  that  Province  but  also 
out  of  the  Pale,  and  other  partes  resorting  to  him.  Wee  had  daily  proofe,  during  our 
continuance  in  that  citty,  how  well  his  schollers  profited  under  him,  by  verses  and 
orations  which  they  presented  us.  Wee  sent  for  that  schoolemaster  before  us,  and  se- 
riously advised  him  to  conform  to  the  Religion  established,  and  not  prevailing  with  our 
advices,  we  enjoyned  him  to  forbear  teaching:  and  I  the  chancellour  did  take  a  Recog- 
nizance of  him  and  some  others  of  his  kinsmen  in  that  citty,  in  the  some  of  400  li  sterl, 
to  his  Mate.  use,  that  from  thenceforth  he  should  forbeare  to  teach  any  more  without 
the  speciall  License  of  the  Lo.  Deputy.  And  in  regard  Galway  is  a  farr  more  publique 
and  convenient  place  for  the  keeping  of  a  schoole  then  Tuame  is,  Wee  have  ordered 
that  Mr.  Lally  shall,  at  Michaelmas  next,  begin  to  teach  publiquely  in  that  Citty." — 
From  the  original,  see  p.  179,  ante. 

The  following  old  documents  relating  to  this  foundation,  have  been  transcribed 
from  the  originals  preserved  in  the  collegiate  library  there,  by  permission  of  the 
Editor's  pious  and  learned  friend,  the  Right  Reverend  Doctor  O'Donnell,  R.  C.  Bishop 
of  Galway. 

"  Concessio  iv.  marcar.  inpuram  elemosinam,  parochiali  Ecclesie  S.  Nicolai. 

"A.D.  1435. 

"  Sciant  presentes  et  futuri,  quod  nos  Willielmus  Blak,  Sylyana  Blak,  Henricus 
Blak,  Walterus  filius  Johannis  junioris  Blak,  Henricus  filius  Thome  nigri  Blak,  una- 
nimi  consensu,  dedimus,  concessimus,  et  hac  presenti  carta  nostra  confirmamus,  a  nobis 
et  heredibus  nostris  in  puram  et  perpetuam  elemosinam,  quatuor  marcas,  super  terras 
nostras  et  tenementa  intra  et  extra  villam  Galvye,  eque  divisas  per  partes,  secundum 
quod  concernit  quemlibet  nostrum,  temporibus  perpetuis  duraturas.  Infra  eciam 
Crayg  et  dictam  villam,  super  quadraginta  acras  terre  arabilis  cituatas  duo  marce,  ita 
quod  ex  qualibet  acra  solvantur  vmrf.  ab  intra  vero  due  alie  marce  solvantur  per  te- 
nementa et  predictas  personas,  divise  ut  tenentur,  ut  infra  sequitur,  dividendo  fideliter : 
porro,  Willielmus  Blak  solvat  novem  solidos  et  xd.  Sylyana  Blak  solvat  quinque 
solidos,  Henricus  Blak  solvat  sex  solidos  et  vmrf.  Walterus  Blak  solvat  quatuor 
solidos,  Henricus  Blak  solvat  quatuordecim  d.  Ad  honorem  quoque  parochialis  ecclesie 
Sancti  Nicholai  ejusdem  ville,  et  decorem  cultumque  divinum  in  eadem  ecclesia  multi- 

plicandum 


2l6 


plicandum,  et  sustenacionem  unius  ydonei  et  discreti  sacerdotis  assidue  euas  missas 
celebrantis,  devotasque  preces  ibidem  infundentis,  pro  animabus  nostris  et  parentum 
nostrorum,  ac  speciallissime  pro  animabus  pie  memorie  Henrici  Blak,  suorumque  pa- 
rentum ;  quem  quidem  sacerdotem,  nos  et  heredes  nostri  duxerimus  eligendum,  cuj  usque 
eciam  sacerdotis  propter  sua  merita  vel  demerita,  institucionem  vel  destitucionem  nobis 
et  heredibus  nostris  penitus  reservamus.  Et  si,  quod  absit,  aliquis  nostrum  antedic- 
torum  suam  partem  concernentem,  ut  prefertur,  eidem  sacerdoti  tempore  debito  dare 
et  solvere  renuerit  seu  distulerit,  ipsum  extunc,  per  sensuram  ecclesiasticam  campa- 
narumque  pulsaciones  in  signum  maledictionis  eterne,  necnon  et  domini  nostri  domini 
archiepiscopi  Tuamensis  tunc  incumbentis  sensuram,  ad  suam  integram  partem  solven- 
dam,  compellatis,  ipsum  niliilominus  per  superiorem  et  prepositum  ceterosque  burj 
ejusdem  ville  ad  solvendam  compelli  demandetis.  Et  nos  omnes  supradicti  et  heredes 
nostri,  ut  supradictum  est,  contra  omnes  gentes  varentizabimus,  acquietabimus,  ac  in 
perpetuum  defendemus.  In  cujus  rei  testimonium,  sigillum  nostrum,  viz.  domini, 
domini  Johannis,  Dei  et  apostolice  sedis  gratia,  Archiepiscopi  Tuamensis,  una  cum 
sigillo  antedicti  Willielmi  Blak,  presentibus  apponi  fecimus.  Datum  in  villa  Gal- 
vye,  primo  die  mensis  Augusti  anno  Domini  Millesimo,  quadragentisimo  trieeaimo 
quinto." — Orig. 

The  endowment  provided  for  in  the  foregoing  instrument  is  supposed  to  have  been 
intended  as  an  expiation  for  murders  committed,  in  the  preceding  century,  by  tl. 
of  the  Blakes,  on  the  rival  tribe  of  Athy;  and  alluded  to  in  Hist.  Galway,  p.  54.  The 
deed  itself  bears  the  following  endorsement,  written  after  A.  D.  14*4  : — "The  four 
markes  ster.  bestowed  by  William  Blake  and  the  rest  of  his  nation  upon  the 
colledge.'' 

"  Dispensacio  Maritagii  pro  Vatiero  Blake  ct  Juliana  Lynch. 
"A.D.  1472. 

"  I.  H.  S. 
"  Universis  et  singulis  ad  quorum  noticiam  presentes  litere  perveneriut,  salutem 
in  Domino,  et  presentibus  fidem  indubiam  adhibere.  Literas  sanctissimi  in  Christo 
Patris  ac  domini,  domini  nostri  Sixti  pape  quarti,  nos  Donatum  Dei  gratia  archiepis- 
copum  Tuamensis,  in  ipsis  Uteris  apostolicis  specialiter  nominatum,  cum  ea  qua  decuit 
reverencia  noveritis  recepisse,  tenoremqui  sequitur,  continentes:  Venerabili  in  Christo 
patri,  Dei  gratia  archiepiscopo  Tuamensi,  vel  ejus  vicariis  in  spiritualibus,  Philippus, 
miseracione  divina,  Episcopus  Portuencis,  salutem  et  sinceram  in  Domino  caritatem. 
Sedis  apostolice  providencia  circumspecta  non  nunquam  rigorem  juris  mansuetudine 
temperet,  et  quia  sacrorum  canonum  prohibent  instituta  de  gratia  benignitatis  indul- 
get,  prout  personarum  et  temporum  qualitate  pensata,  id  in  Deo  salubriter  expedire 

.  ..oscit 


217 

cognoscit,  sane  ex  parte  Valteri  Blake  laici  et  Juliane  Lynche  mulieris  Enachdunensis 
diocesis,  nobis  oblata  peticio  continebat,  quod  ipsi,  ex  eertis  rationabilibus  causis, 
desiderant  invicem  matrimonialiter  copulari,  sed  quod  quarto  consanguinitatis  gradu 
invicem  sunt  conjuncti;  et  hujus  impedimentum  scientes,  sese  pluries  actu  fornicario 
cognoverunt,  desiderium  eorum  in  hac  parte  adimplere  non  possint,  dispensacione  apos- 
tolica  super  hoc  non  obtenta:  quare  suplicari  fecerunt  humiliter  iidem  exponentes  eis 
super  hiis  per  sedem  ipsam  de  absolutionis  debite  beneficio  et  oportune  dispensacionis 
gratiam  misericorditer  provideri.  Nos  itaque  ipsorum  exponentium  animarum  saluti 
providere  volentes,  eorumque  in  hac  parte  suplicacionibus  inclinati,  auctoritate  domini 
Pape  cujus  primarie  curam  gerimus,  et  de  ejus  speciali  mandato,  super  hoc  vive  vocis 
oraculo  nobis  facto,  circumspectioni  vestre,  cum  ut  asseritur  ecclesia  Enachdunensis 
ecclesie  vestre  Tuamensis  canonice  unita  existat,  committimus ;  quatenus  si  est  ita, 
ipsos  exponentes  areatu  incestus  hujusmodi  absolvatis,  et  injunctainde  eorum  cuilibet, 
pro  modo  culpe,  penitencia  salutari,  et  aliis  que  de  jure  fuerint  injungenda,  demum 
cum  ipsis  exponentibus  quod  impedimento  consanguinitatis  hujusmodi  non  obstante 
possint  inter  se  matrimonium  libere  contrahere,  et  in  eo  postquam  contractum  fuerit 
licite  remanere,  misericorditer  dispensetis,  dum  modo  dicta  mulier  propter  hoc  ab 
aliquo  nupta  non  fuerit,  prolem  exinde  suscipiendam  legittimam  decernentes.  Datum 
Rome  apud  Sanctum  Petrum,  sub  sigillo  officii  primarie,  sexto  kl.  Octobris,  pontifica- 
tus  Domini  Sixti  Pape  quarti  anno  primo.  Post  quarum  quidem  literarum  apostoli- 
carum  presentationem,  receptionem,  et  lecturam,  per  nos  ut  premittitur  factas,  per 
prefatos  Walterum  et  Julianam,  ut  ad  executionem  ipsarum  literarum  et  contentorum 
in  eisdem  procedere  deberemus,  debita  fuimus  cum  instancia  requisiti.  Nos  igitur, 
antefatus  archiepiscopus  mandatum  ipsum  apostolicum  volentes  reverenter  exequi,  ut 
tenemur,  imposita  eisdem  exponentibus,  pro  modo  culpe,  penitentia  salutari,  ac  aliis 
premissis  mea  parte  premittendis,  ipsos  Valterum  et  Julianam  a  reatu  hujusmodi  in- 
cestus absolventes,  ut,  impedimento  consanguinitatis  hujusmodi  non  obstante,  matri- 
monium inter  se  libere  contrahere  possint,  auctoritate  apostolica  qua  fungimur  miseri- 
corditer dispensamus,  prolem  suscipiendam  legittimam  decernentes.  Datum  et  Actum 
Galwye  vi.  die  Aprilis,  sub  nostri  sigilli  testimonio,  Anno  Domini  Millesimo, 
cccc.lxxii." — Orig. 

"Colacio  archiepiscopi  super  Rectoriam  et  Vicariam  de  Furanmor,  etVicariam  deMevay. 

"  A.D.  1487. 
"  I.  H.  S. 
"  Willielmus,  miseracione  divina,  electus,  consecratus,  metropolitanus  Tuamensis, 
dilectis  filiis  Gardiano  ecclesie  collegiate  sancti  Nicholai  ville  Galwie,  nostre  Enach- 
1RISH  ARCH.  SOC.  15.  2F  dunensis 


2l8 

dunensis  diocesis,  suisque  collegialibus  fratribus,  salutem,  gratiam  et  benedictionem. 
Votis  illis  libenter  annuimus,  et  gratum  prebemus  assensum,  per  que  eeclesiarum 
vaccantium  nobis  subjectarum  incommoditatibus  consulatur,  ac  venerabilium  presbi- 
terorum  collegialiter  viventium,  indigencie  pariter  et  inopie  succurratur,  cultusque 
divinus  nostris  temporibus  suscipiat  incrementum.  Hinc  est,  quod  nos  fructuum, 
proventuum  et  reddituum  vestre  ecclesi<%  ]«-r  nostruin  predecessorem  in  collegiatam 
erecte,  attento  vestro  numero,  exilitatem  pariter  et  tenuacitatem,  v-trumque  ■ 
laborem  in  diurnis  et  nocturnis  officiis  quibus  estis  assidue  mancipati  considei 
et  attente  pre  oculis  habentes,  rectoriam  et  vicariam  ecclesie  paroehialis  de  Fnran- 
mor,  nostre  Enachdunensis  diocesis,  que  de  jure  patronatus  layeorum  existunt.  qui- 
bus que  cura  imminet  animarum;  necnon  et  vicariam  d<-  Meray,  eciam  ejl 
nostre  diocesis,  que  eciam  de  jure  patronatus  layeorum  cxistit,  et  cui  eciam  cura 
imminet  animarum,  de  consensu  patronorum  diligenti  super  hoc  habito  tractatu, 
predicte  vestre  ecclesie  et  collegio  perpetuo  et  realitcr.  salvis  nostris  ordinariis  juri- 
bus  et  oneribus,  vz.  procuracionibus  annuatim,  scilicet,  ex  dicta  ractoria  et  vicaria 
de  Furan  viginti  et  unum  un xias  legalis  monete,  et  ex  dicta  vicaria  de  Miurv.  annua- 
tim, septem  unxias  legalis  monete,  solvendum  annuatim  per  equales  porciones,  post 
festa  consueta,  unimus,  annectimus  et  incorporamus :  dummodo  dicta  rectoria  et 
vicaria  de  Furan  mor,  necnon  et  vicaria  de  Meray  debitis  propterea  ne  defraudentur 
obsequiis,  et  animarum  cura  in  eis  nullatenus  negligatur,  sed  earum  prorsus  congrue 
supportentur  onera  consueta.  Nulli  ergo  omnino  hominum  liceat,  saltern  nobis  sub- 
jectorum,  hanc  paginam  nostre  unionis,  annexionis  el  incorporacionifl  infri 
ei  ausu  temerario  contraire.  Siquis  autem  hoc  attempture  presmnaerit,  indigna- 
tionem  omnipotentis  Dei,  et  nostram,  se  noverit  incur<urum.  Datum  Galwie  i: 
Concep tionisbeate Marie, sub  nostri  sigilli  testimonio,  Anno  Domini  m°.cccc:lxxxvii/' 
et  nostre  consecrationis  anno  primo. — W.  Joy." — Orig. 


"  Colacio  archiepweopi  super  rectoriam  de  Rawyn. 

•A.  1>.  1488. 

"I.  II.  s. 

"  Willielmus,  miseratione  divina,  electus,  consecratus  metropolitanus  Tuan> 
dilectis  filiis  gardiano  ecclesie  collegiate  sancti  Xicholai  ville  Galwye,  nostre  Enach- 
dunensis diocesis,  suisque  collegialibus  fratribus,  salutem.  gratiam  et  benedictionem. 
Votis  illis  libenter  annuimus,  et  gratum  prebemus  assensum.  per  .  -arum 

vaccantium  nobis  subjectarum  incommodatibus  consolatur,  ac  venerabilium  presbite- 
rorum,  collegialiter  vivencium,  indigencie  pariter  et  inopie  succurratur,  culr 
divinus  nostris  temporibus  suscipiat  incrementum.     Hinc  est  quod  nos.  fructuum, 

proventuum 


219 

proventuum  et  reddituum  vestre  ecclesie,  per  nostrum  predecessorem  in  collegiatam 
erecte,  attento  vestro  numero,  exilitatem  pariter  et  tenuacitatem,  vestruinque  etiam 
laborem  in  diurnis  et  nocturnis  officiis,  quibus  estis  assidue  mancipati,  considerantes, 
et  attente  pre  oculis  habentes,  vicariam  parochialem  ecclesie  Sancte  Marie  de  Eathuna, 
ejusdem  nostre  Enachdunensis  diocesis,  per  mortem  bone  memorie  Donati  y  Donaill 
ultimi  ejusdem  possessoris,  seu  alias  quovismodo  vacanteru,  et  ad  nostram  collationem 
pleno  jure  spectantem,  diligenti  super  hoc  habito  tractatu,  et  cui  eciam  curam  immi- 
net  animarum  predicte  vestre  ecclesie  et  collegii  perpetuo  et  realiter,  salvis  nostris 
ordinariis  juribus  et  oneribus  ac  procurationibus,  nobis  et  successoribus  nostris  debitis 
et  consuetis,  univimus,  annectivimus  et  incorporavimus,  ac  per  presentes,  eidem 
ecclesie  et  collegio  unimus  annectimus  et  incorporamus,  cum  omnibus  suis  juribus, 
fructibus,  redditibus  et  obvencionibus  quibuscunque,  inducentes  vos  eundem  G-uar- 
dianum  nomine  vestro  ac  dicti  collegii,  et  successorum  vestrorum  imperpetuam  posses- 
sionem seu  titulum  ejusdem  vicarie,  et  jurium  et  pertinenciarum  ejusdem,  per  anuli 
nostri  traditionem,  vobis  desuper  factam.  Dum  modo  dicta  vicaria  debitis  propter  ea 
non  defraudetur  obsequiis,  et  animarum  cura  in  eadem  nullatenus  negligatur,  sed 
ejusdem  prorsus  congrue  supportantur  onera  consueta.  Nulli  ergo  omnino  hominum 
liceat,  saltim  nobis  subjectorum,  hanc  paginam  nostre  unionis,  annexionis  et  incorpo- 
rations infringere,  vel  ei  ausa  temerarie  contraire ;  siquis  autem  hoc  attemptare  pre- 
sumpseret,  indignationem  omnipotentis  Dei  et  nostram  se  noverit  incursurum.  Datum 
Galwie  duodecimo  die  mensis  Aprilis  sub  nostri  sigilli  testimonio,  Anno  Domini  mil- 
lesimo,  cccc°lxxxviii.°  et  nostre  consecrationis  anno  primo." — Orig. 

"  Resignatio  vicarie  de  Moculyn. 

"A.D.  1488. 

"  I.  H.  S. 

"  Reverendissimo  in  Christo  domino,  domino  Willielmo,  miseratione  divina,  electo, 

consecrato  metropolitano  Tuamensis,  suus  humilis  et  devotus  orator  Cornelius  O'Hal- 

lurayn,  perpetuus  vicarius  parochialis  ecclesie  de  Moygcullyne  vestre  Enachdunensis 

diocesis,  cum   omni  qua  decet  reverencia,  salutem.     Vestro  reverendissimo  domino 

electo  scire  placeat,  qualiter  ego,  habita  super  hoc  provida  et  satis  sufficienti  delibe- 

racione,  spiritu  bono  ductus,  considerans  mei  ingenii  exilitatem,  meeque  literature  et 

sciencie  insufficienciam,  onerisque  et  cure  animarum  michi  et  humeris  meis  impossite 

gravitatem,  dispossui  ad  pedes  vestre  paternitatis,  humiliter  procidendo,  eidem  mee 

perpetue  vicarie,  ad  manus  vestre  paternitatis  resignare,    ad  instanciam   perpetue 

unionis  fiende  de  eadem  vicaria,  per  vestram  paternitatem,  collegio  ecclesie  Sancti 

Nicholai  de  Galwy,  gratia  sustentacionis  perpetue  ejusdem  collegii,  et  augmentacionis 

2  F  2  divini 


220 

divini  cultus  et  servicii  in  eodem  ;  cui  quidem  perpetue  mee  vicarie  de  Moygcullyne, 
ego  predictus  Cornelius  O'Hallurayn,  vestra  humilis  et  devota  creatura,  ad  pedt 
tre  reverendissime  paternitatis  provolutus,  ad  manus  et  potestatem  restrain,  per  pre- 
sentes,   effectualiter  et  simpliciter  resigno.     Quapropter    vestram    rcverendissimam 
donacionem,  in  cujus  manibus  libra  justicie  non  mutatur,   instancia  quanta  p 
deprecor,  quatenus  intuitu  divine  caritatis,  et  augmentacionis  divini  cultus  et  Berrien 
continue  in  eodem  collegio,  predictam  vicariam  ipsi  collegio  annect<re  et  unire,  ac 
perpetue  incorporare,  velitis.     In  fidem  vero  et  testimonium  predicte  mee  perpetue 
resignacionis,   infrascriptum  publicum   notarium  banc   re<-ignacionem  in   ; 
publicam  formam  reddigere  curavi.     Hiis  testibus  presentibus.  vz.  TLoma  CfDonaill. 
Patricio  Blake,   Odone  Mc.  Maellayn,   Tbadeo  rufFo  Makyan.   et  inulti-  aliis.     1 
majore  evidencia  hujus  mee  perpetue  resignacionis,  ob  defectu  sigilli  proprii,  sigillum 
Johannis  lyncbe  fyz  Edmundi  presentibus  apponi  feci.     Hec  n-ignacio  facta  est,  per 
me  dictum  Cornelium,  coram  vestra  dominacione,  apud  Galwy,    in  vigilia  omnium 
sanctorum,  Anno  Domini  millesimo,  cccc°lxxxviii.° 

"  Et  ego  vero,  Willielmus  Molgan  clericus  Enaelidunensis  diocesi>.  pul>- 
licus  auctoritate  Imperiali  notarius,  quia  cum  predicta  resignack)  om- 
nibus modo  ordine  et  forma  quibus  supra  Beret,  una  cum  prenomill 
testibus  presens  interfui,  eaque  omnia  et  singula  sic  fieri  vidi  et  audivi. 
Ideoque  jussu  et  rogatu  prefati  Comelii  ut  premittitur  resignantis, 
anno,  die,  menseet  loco  quibus  supra,  IndicionevcT"  BBptima  pontificatus 
sanctissimi  in  Cliristo  patris  ac  domini  nostri,  domini  InnocentiL  divina 
providencia  pape  viil  anno  quarto,  predictam  resignacionem  in  hanc 
publicam  formam  reddegi,  signo  et  nomine  meis  solitis  et  consuel 
mivi,  rogatus  et  requisitus  in  fidem  et  testimonium  omnium  et  singulo- 
rum  premissorum." — Orig. 

"  Conventum  inter  Old.  de  Burgo  et  Majc  ey. 

"A.  D.  1488. 

"I.H.S. 

"  In  nomine  Domini,  amen.     Inter  Dominum  Willielmum  de  Burgo  sue  nationis 

capitaneum  ex  parte  una;  et  Joliannem  Blake  majorem  ville  de  Galwy,  ac  Dominicum 

Lyncbe  fyz-Johannis  burgensem  ejusdem  ville  ex  parte  altera,  sic  eoncensum.  vz.  quod 

prefatus  dominus  TVillielmus  obligavit  se  suosque  beredes  et  -  efatis  ma- 

jori  et  Dominico,  ac  collegio  ecclesie  sancti  Nicholai  de  G-alwey,  eorumque  successoribus 

qui  pro  tempore  fuerint,  ad  tuendum,  protegendum  et  defendendum  dictum  collegium. 

in  omnibus  et  singulis  suis  juribus  et  obventionibus,  tarn  ex  parte  ecclesie.  quam  eciam 

temporalis 


221 

temporalis  seu  secularis  curie,  nunc  et  in  posterum,  ad  ipsum  Collegium  quoquo  modo 
spectantibus,  videlicet  ex  parte  ratione  curie  ac  extra  eandem,  jam  impetratis  et  im- 
posterum  impetrandis.     Ita  vero  quod  dictum  collegium,  videlicet  qui  nunc  sunt  et 
qui  pro  tempore  fuerunt,  singulis  diebus  sollemniter  dicent  unam  collectam  seu  oratio- 
nem  specialem,  in  principali  missa  ad  attenticum  altare,  pro  bono  statu  in  vita,  et  eorun- 
dem  animabus  post  mortem,  videlicet  prefati  domini  Willielmi  et  Slanine  sue  uxoris, 
heredum  et  successorum  ac  antecessorum  suorum.    Ita  vero  quod  predicti  major  et  Do- 
minicus  impetrabunt  pro  Ricardo  de  Burgo  filio   eorundem    domini  Willielmi   et 
Slanyne,  canonicatum  ecclesie  Tuamensis,  et  prebendam  de  Killmaellayn,  et  rectoriam 
et  vicariam  de  Athnary,  cum  suis  juribus  et  pertinenciis,  etc.     Tali  vero  condicione 
interposita,  vz.  quod  predictus  dominus  Willielmus  et  uxor  sua  predicta,  ac  eorum 
filii  et  heredes  non  impedient,  per  se  vel  alios,  prefatos  majorem  et  Dominicum,   aut 
alios  quoscunque  eorundem  nomine  impetrare  seu  impetrari  facere,  verbo  vel  facto, 
rectoriam  et  vicariam  de  Furanmor,  ac  vicariam  de  Meary  Enachdunensis  diocesi,  ad 
instanciam  dicti  collegii,  sed  ipsos  et  dictum  collegium,  ad  hoc  adjuvabunt,  et  ab  in- 
sultibus  et  contradictione  omnium  et  singulorum  contradicentiumjuxta  posse  defendent. 
Ita  tamen  quod  predicti  major  et  Dominicus,  ac  collegium  predictum,  tanquam  pro 
speciali  stipendio,  gratia  defensionis  ejusdem  collegii  in  hiis  et  aliis,  concedent  prefato 
domino  Willielmo  et  Ricardo  ipsius  filio  predicto,  fructus  et  proventus  prefate  rectorie 
et  vicarie  de  Furanmor,  et  vicarie  predicte  de  Meary,  post  impetracionem  ad  instanciam 
collegii  de  hiis  lactam,  usque  ad  mortem  rectoris  de  Athnary,  si  interim,  scilicet  ante 
ipsius  rectoris  mortem,  rectoriam  et  vicariam  predictam  de  Athnary  adepti  non  fuerint 
prefati,  viz.  dominus  Willielmus  aut  Ricardus.  Ita  quod  immediate  post  ipsius  rectoris 
mortem  vel  ante,  cum  rectoriam  et  vicariam  predictam  de  Athnary  adepti  fuerint, 
prefatum  collegium  gaudere  habeat,  sine  aliqua  contradictione,  prefatis  rectoria  et  vi- 
caria  de  Furanmor  et  vicaria  de  Meary,  cum  suis  fructibus  et  obvencionibus.  In  fidem 
vero  et  testimonium  omnium  et  singulorum  premissorum,  partes  predicte  sigillum 
prefati  domini,  domini  Willielmi,  uni  parti  harum  indenturarum,  ac  sigilla  prefati 
domini  majoris  et  Dominici  Lynch  predicti,  alteri  parti  apponi  fecerunt.    Datum  apud 
Galwy  xv.  die  mensis  Januarii  Anno  domini  millesimo  cccc0lxxx°viii°.    Et  ulterius, 
si,  quod  absit,  contingeret  prefatum  Ricardum  de  Burgo  mori,  antequam  adeptus  fuerit 
prefatam  rectoriam  et  vicariam  de  Athnary,  ac  canonicatum  et  prebendam  predictam, 
quod  tunc  obligantur  prefati  major  et  Dominicus  impetrare  omnia  ilia  Theobaldo  de 
Burgo  ejusdem  Ricardi  germano,  omnibus  et  singulis  premissis  in  eorum  effectu  et  ro- 
bore  permanentibus.     In  fidem  vero  premissorum  sigillum  Gardiani  prefati  collegii 
presentibus  indenturis  est  appensum." — Orig. 

"  Unio 


222 


"  Unio  ecclesiarum  de  Kyllcommyn  et  KyUruyn  Collegio. 
"  A. D.  1488. 
"  I.  EL  S. 
"  Willielmus,  miseracione  divina,  electus,  consecratus  metropolitanus  TuanK  • 
universis  Christi  fidelibus,  presentes  litteras  visuris  vel  audituris,   salutem,  gratiam, 
et  benedictionem,   et  presentibus  fidem  indubiam  adhibere;   universitati  iiquidem 
vestre  serie  presencium  innotescentes,  ac  votis  illis  gratum  prestantes  assensum,  per 
que,  precipue  in  collegiatisecclesiisnostrejurisdiccioni  subjectis,  continue  benedicatur 
altissimus,  ac  divinus  cultus  nostris  temporibus  recipiat  incrementum :  qualiter  consi- 
derantes  exiguitate  et  tenuitate  fructuum,  reddituum  et  proventutun  eccl 
collegiate  sancti  Nicolai  ville  Galvie,  in   qua  secundum   nostrum  predecessorem  et 
nostram  ac  apostolicam  ordinacionem,  Gardianus  ut  caput,  ac  octo  vicarii  ut  membra, 
perpetue  cum  collegialibus  insigniis  divina  officia  celebrare,  ac  ecclesiastica   sacra- 
menta  ministrare  teneantur,  inter  se  prelatum  et  capitulum  constituentes  vicarias 
ecclesiarum  parochialium  de  Kyllcommyn  et  Killruyu,  nostre  Enachdunensis  di 
predicte  ecclesie  collegiate  perpetue  ad  sustentacionem  predictorum  Gardiani  et  tHL 
vicariorum  predictorum,  in  honore  Sancti  Nicolai,  sub  cujus  vocabulo  dicta  ecclesia 
edificata  existit,  univimus,  anneximus  et  incorporavimu^.   el  per  presentee  unimus, 
annectimus  et  incorporamus.     Ita  quod  liceat  dictis  Gardiano  el  vkariis.  auctoritate 
propria,  possessionem  dictarum  vicariarum,  juriumque  et  pertinenciarum  absque  con- 
tradictione  alicujus  apprehendere,  ipsarumque  fructuum  et  proventua  inipsorum  usus 
prout  ipsis  videbitur  secundum  Deum  ac  dicti  collegii   utilitutem   converters     Ita 
tamen  quod  dicte  vicarie  debitis  non  defraudentur  obsequiis,  et  animarum  cura  in  ei> 
nullatenus  negligatur,  ordinaria  onera   eccksiastica  supportentur.     Datum   Galwie> 
xxiii0.  die  mensis  Januarii,  sub  nostri  sigilli  testimonio,  anno  Domini  m.uilclxxx  vm.c 

et  nostre  consecrationis  anno  Secundo." — Orig. 

-W.  Joy. 

"  Manus  pro/- 


"  Littere  inhibitorie  pro  Collegio  de  Galvye  contra  Bichardum  De  Burgo,  super  orran. 

"  A.D.  1492. 

"  I.  H.  S. 

"  Willielmus,    miseratione   divina,   arcliiepiscopus   Tuamensis.   universis  Christi 

fidelibus  ad  quos  presentes  littere  pervenerint,   salutem.  gratiam  et  benedictionem. 

Noverit  universitas  vestra,  quod  nos,   visis  quibusdam  litteris  apostolicis  pro  Eicardo 

De  Burgo  clerico  Cloynfertensis  diocesis,  super  rectoria  et  vicaria  de  Furan-mor,  in 

nostre 


223 

nostre  Enachdunensis  diocesi,  ac  creatione  novi  canonicatus  ad  instanciam  ejusdem 
Ricardi,  et  erectione  unius  illorum  in  prebendam,  in  quibus  quidem  litteris,  inter 
cetera,  asseritur  et  continetur,  quod  creatio  et  erectio  predicta  fieri  habeant  dum- 
modo  ad  ipsam  noster  accedat  assensus.  Nos  igitur  considerantes  creationem 
et  erectionem  predictas,  si  fierent  pro  augmentacione  cultus  divini  in  ecclesia 
nostra  Enachdunensis,  non  solum  fore  inutiles  sed  prorsus  omnino  ineflicaces,  prout 
per  facti  experientiam  satis  bene  et  luculentur  sumus  informati:  nedum  ad  erec- 
tionem et  creationem  predictas,  si  fierent  pro  augmentacione  cultus  divini,  prout 
non  existit  ut  premittitur,  nostrum  non  prestamus  assensum;  verum  eciam  ne 
fiant  ob  tales  rationabiles  causas,  viz.  ne  in  dicta  ecclesia  animarum  cura  ne- 
gligatur,  et  ipsa  debitis  defraudetur  obsequiis;  et  quia  in  ecclesia  ipsa  cathedrali 
nullus  cultus  divinus  propterea  augeri  speratur.  Et  eciam  ac  super  omnia,  quia  pre- 
dicta rectoria  ac  vicaria  ad  collegium  ecclesie  sancti  Nicholai  ville  Galwie,  nostre  eciam 
Enachdunensis  diocesis,  nostra  unione  et  incorporatione  cum  suppletione  omnium  et 
singulorum  defectuum,  pertinere  dinoscuntur,  de  cujus  quidem  collegii,  et  maxime  in 
hac  parte,  gravi  prejudicio  agitur.  Judicibus  igitur,  in  dictis  litteris  deputatis,  ne  ad 
creationem  et  erectionem  predictas  aliquatenus  procedant,  delegata  potestate  subintel- 
lecta  per  condicionem  in  ipsis  litteris  appositam,  et  nostra  ordinaria  auctoritate 
expresse  inhibemus.  Et  ne  de  dicta  inhibitione  in  posterum  hesitari  contingat,  pre- 
sentes  litteras  nostri  sigilli  munimine  fecimus  roborari.  Datum  Galwie  xii.  die 
mensis  Novembris,  sub  nostri  sigilli  ac  notarii  publici  nostri  infrascripti  scripture  et 
subscriptionis  testimonio.  Anno  Domini  Millesimo  cccc°  nonagesimo  secundo,  et 
nostre  consecrationis  Anno  septimo. 

"  W.  Joy.   [loc.  sigil.] 

"  Et  ego  vero  Willielmus  Molgan  clericus  Enachdunensis  diocesis,  publi- 
cus,  auctoritate  Imperiali,  notarius,  quia  cum  omnia  et  singula  premissa 
per  dictum  Reverendissimum  in  Christo  Patrem  ac  dominum  egerentur, 
dicerentur  et  fierent,  una  cum  nonnullis  prefatis  aliisque  clericis  et 
laycis  presens  interfui ;  eaque  omnia  et  singula  sic  fieri  vidi  et  audivi : 
Ideoque,  jussu  et  rogatu  predicti  domini  nostri  Archiepiscopi,  omnia  et 
singula  premissa,  per  eum  ut  prefertur,  anno,  die,  mense  et  loco  quibus 
supra,  Indictione  vero  xi.  gesta  seu  facta,  in  hanc  publicam  formam 
reddegi ;  signo  et  nomine  meis  solitis  et  consuetis  signavi,  rogatus  et 
requisitus,  in  fidem  et  testimonium  omnium  et  singiilorum  premisso- 
rum." — Orig. 


224 


"  Unto  ecclesiarurn  de  Shrutker  et  Kenlagh,  pro  Collegia. 
"  A.I).  1501. 

"  Willielmus,  miseratione  divina,  Tuamensis  archiepiscopuB,  dilectu  filiis  Wardiano 

ecclesie  collegiate  ville  Galvie,ceterisque  suis  collegialibus  fratribus,  salutem  in  Domino 
sempiternam.  Votis  illis  libenter  annuimus  et  gratum  prebemus  assensum,  per  quem  ec- 
clesiarurn nobis  subjectarum  commoditatibus  consolatur,  ac  ven era bilium  presbiterorua 
collegialiter  viventium  indigencie  pariter  et  inopie  succurratur,  cultusque  divinus 
nostris  temporibus  suscipiat  incrementum.  Hinc  est,  quod  nos,  fructuum,  reddituum 
et  proventuum  vestre  ecclesie  collegiate  a  tanto  vestro  numero,  exhilitatem  et  tenui- 
tatem,  vestrumque  eciam  laborem  in  diurnis  et  nocturnis  officii  s.  quil  -idue 

mancipati,  considerantes,  etattente  pre  oculis  habentea,  vicarias  parochialim 
rum  de  Sruther  et  Kenlaghyn,  nostre  Tuamensis  diocesis,  de  mero  concensu  magistri 
Thome  de  Burgo,  earundem  ecclesiarurn  perpetui  vicarii,  ac  spontanea  sua  voluntate, 
habito  super  hoc  diligenti  tractatu,  predicte  vestre  ecclesie  collegiate,  perpetuo  et 
realiter,  salvis  nostris  ordinariis  juribus  et  oneribus,   nobis  1  --oribus  n 

debitis  et  consuetis,  unimus,  annectimus  et  incorporamus  cum  effectu,  dummodo  dicte 
vicarie  debitis  propterea  non  defraudentur  obsequio,  et  animarum  cura  eisdem  nulla- 
tenus  negligatur,  set  eorundem  prorsus  supportentur  onera  consueta.  Null: 
omnino  hominum,  saltern  nobis  subjectorum,  liceat  hanc  paginam  nostre  unionis,  an- 
nexionis  et  incorporacionis  infringere,  vel  ei  ausu  temerario  contraire.  Si  quis  autem 
hoc  attemptare  presumpserit,  indignacionem  omnipotentis  Dei  et  nostram  se  noverit 
incursurum.  Datum  Galvie,  decimo  septimo  die  mensis  Augusta,  sub  nostri  sigilli 
testimonio,  Anno  Domini  millesimo  quingentesimo  primo.'1 — Orig. 


"  Confirmacio  Walter i  episcopi  Cluanensis.  pro  Collegio. 
"  A.D.  1506. 
"  Walterus  miseratione  divina  Cluanensis  episcopus,  ac  eadem,  per  illustrissimum 
Regem  Anglie  Henricum  septimum,  ad  ecclesiam  metropoliticam  Taamensu  preeenta- 

tus:  Universis  Christi  fidelibus  has  literas  visuris  vel  audituris.  salutem,  gratiam  et 
benedictionem.  Ad  vegitacionem  sive  augmentum  cultus  divini,  quem  augmentar> 
derare,  debemus  non  minus  nos  censemus  obligatos,  quam  nu^tri  lVlici  memorie  in  eadem 
Tuamensis  ecclesia  fuere  intercessores,  Donatus,  viz.  et  Willielmus  qui  pro  tempore 
rexerunt  ecclesiam  Tuamensis,  qui  spiritu  sanioris  consilii  considerantes  parochianos 
parochialis  ecclesie  Sancti  Nicolai  ville  Galvie,  Enachdunensis  diocesis,  modestos  et 
morigeratos  homines  inter  silvestres  ac  montanos  commora: .  •  sdem  moribus  cum  pre- 

dictis  montanis  non  utentes,  "propter  impetraciones  varias  sujiL-r  vicaria  die  I 


225 

tunc  per  vicarios  in  antea  solite  gubernare,  a  prefate  nacionis  hominibus  cotidie  fiebant 
in  tantum  vexatos  fore,  quod  secundum  decenciam,  ritum  et  modum  Anglicanum  quem 
tenebant,  et  eorum  predecessores  soliti  fuerunt  tenere  ab  antiquo,  officia  audire  divina, 
et  ecclesiastica  percipere  sacramenta  non  potuerint;  et  ab  illis  indoctis  hominibus 
depredabantur,  perturbabantur  et  interficiebantur,  nonnullaque  dampna  et  incommoda 
personarum  et  rerum  sustinere  cogebantur,  et  rnajora  nisi  eis  celeri  remedio  succur- 
retur  proferre  habebant  verisimiliter  infuturum :  plena  deliberacione  super  hoc  preha- 
bita,  antedictus  Donatus  primo  ecclesiam  predictam  Sancti  Nicholai  in  Collegiatum 
erexit,  et  pro  sustentacione  vicariorum  et  Gardiani  in  ilia  deputatorum,  prout  in  literis 
desuper  confectis,  quartam  Archiepiscopalem  dicte  parochie  yille  Galvie,  pro  se  et  suis 
successoribus  in  puram  et  perpetuam  elemosinam,  unacum  aliis  donacionibus  inibi 
expressis,  donavit,  et  ad  dictam  ecclesiam  collegiatam  pleno  jure  pertinere  voluit,  ac 
alia  ibi  ordinavit.  Ac  demum  Willielmus  suus  successor,  ut  eo  firmius  ilia  donacio,  con- 

cessio  et  ordinacio  illibate  perdurent,  quo  fuerint  majori  rob 

volens  adjicere  sui  munimenis  firmitatem,  predictas  donacionem,  concessionem  et  ordi- 
nacionem,  etiam  per  sedem  apostolicam  confirmatas,  ratum  et  gratum  habuit,  ac  dictam 
erectionem,  et  omnia  quecunque  inde  secuta,  ex  certa  sciencia  confirmavit  et  ratifica- 
vit,  rata,  et  grata  et  confirmata  declaravit,  prout  in  literis  suis  intuentibus  potest 
apparere.  Nos  vero  antefatus  Walterus  predictas  ereccionem  in  collegiatum,  ac  quarte 
archiepiscopalis  donacionem,  concessionem,  ordinacionem  et  confirmacionern  a  nostris 
predecessoribus,  pro  suarum  et  nostrarum  salute  animarum  factas,  ratum,  gratum  et 
firmum,  in  quantum  possumus,  habemus.  Et  hoc  sub  warantizacione,  fidejussione  et 
intercessione  Dei  et  hominum.  Et  ne  de  hujusmodi  ratificacione  ab  aliquibus  impos- 
terum  hesitari  contingat,  presentibus  sigillum  nostrum  quo  utimur  ad  majora  duximus 
apponendum.  Datum  Galvie  sexto  die  mensis  Aprilis,  Anno  Domini  Millesimo  quin- 
gentesimo  sexto." — Orig. 

It  appears  by  the  foregoing  deed  of  confirmation  that  Walter  Blake,  Bishop  of  Clon- 
macnois  (for  whom  see  Harris's  Ware,  vol.  i.  pp.  174,  613),  was  appointed  by  Henry 
VII.  to  the  see  of  Tuam ;  which  must  have  taken  place  between  the  death  of  Arch- 
bishop Pinson,  in  A-  D.  1503,  and  the  above  date.  This  appointment  was  not  known 
to  Harris,  who  mentions,  however,  a  previous  provision  for  the  same,  by  Pope  Sixtus 
IV.,  which  never  took  effect,  having  been  made  in  the  life-time  of  Donatus  O'Murray. 
Bishop  Blake  never  filled  the  see  of  Tuam,  Pope  Julius  II.  having  advanced  the 
celebrated  Morogh  O'Fihely  (better  known  by  the  name  of  Maurice  de  Portu)  thereto. 
He  was  (probably)  the  Walter  Blake,  brother  of  Geffrey,  who  appears,  s.  p.  in  the 
genealogical  fragment,  ante,  p.  213. 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.  1 5.  2   G  Receptio 


226 

"Receptio  Sandari  Lynche  et  Anastacie  ejus  Uxoris,in(^fraternUatem  Fratrum  mim 

"A.  D.  1521. 
"  Ihesus  semper  assit. 
"Dilectis  suis  in  Christo  Sandar  Lynche  fytz-Johanni,  et  Anastacie  Lynche  ejus 
uxori,  Deo  et  beato  Francisco  devotis,  frater  David  O  hyrella  ordinis  fratrum  minorum, 
super  omnes  fratres  in  provincia  Hybernie  provincialis  minister,  salutem  in  Domino, 
ac  bonis  perfrui  sempiternis.    Pius  vestre  devocionis  affectus,  quem  ad  ordinem  geritis 
exigencia  digne  requirit,  ut  quia  in  temporalibus  non  possumus  vicem  vestre  caritati 
respondere,  in  spiritualibus  tamen  quam  in  nobis  suppetit,  et  prout  in  nostra  apud 
Deum  desideriis  servamus,  vobis  recompensare  debemur :  propter  quod,  vos  ad  contra- 
ternitatem  nostram,  et  ad  universa  et  singula  fratrum  nostrorum  suffragia,  in  vita  r 
pariter  et  in  morte,  plenam  vobis  et  specialem  participacionem  omnium  spiritualium 

bonorum,  viz.missarum,orationum,  suffragiorum,  officiorum ,  dc-vocionum,  medi- 

tacionum,  predicacionum,   lectionum,  jejuniorum  et  abstinenciarum,  disciplinarum, 

vigiliarum, laborum,  ceterorumque  bonorum  spiritualium  vobi- 

conferendo,  que  per  ffratres  mihi  commissos,  fieri  dederit  auctor  omnium  bonorum 
Dei  filius,  ut  multiplici  suffragiorum  presidio  adjuti,  et  hie  augmentum  gratie,  et  in 
futuro  mereamini  eterne  vite  premia  possidere.  In  cujus  rei  testimonium  sigillum  mei 
officii  duxi  presentibus  appendendum.  Datum  in  nostro  conventu  montis  f^rnandi, 
Anno  Domini  M.CCCC.XXI."— Orig. 

"  Conventum  inter  Donaldum  O'Flaherty  et  Yardianum  Galcie. 
"A.D.  1527. 
"  In  Dei  nomine,  Amen,  hujus  presentis  instrumenti  serie,  cunctis  innotescat  qm>d 
anno  protunc  Domini  MDXXVI10.  et  r.  r.  Henrici  octavi  xxix.  die  quarto  mensis 
Maii,  coram  Ricbardo  Martyn,  majore  ville  Galvie,  cum  diverse  oonbnrg 
dem  ville,  in  mei  notarii  presentia  infrascripti,  testiumque  infrascriptorum  preeentk, 
personaliter  constituti,  nobilis  vir,  viz.  Donaldus  O'Flaherty.  decanua  Enachdui. 
parte  ex  una,  et  Willielmus  O'Doncliu  vardianus  hujus  prelibate  ville  Galvie,  de  et 
cum  consilio  et  assensu  omnium  vicariorum  ejusdem  collegii  parte  ex  altera,  unanimi 
assensu  confederati  et  concordati  sunt;  necnon  ecium,  et  tactis  primitufl  sanctifl  evan- 
geliis,  recyproce  ac  mutue  sibi  ipsis  benefacere  fideliter  promiseront,  et  se  firmiter 
obligaverunt  modo  et  forma  sequentibus :  viz.  quod  prefatus  Donaldus  debet  et  tenetur, 
prout  per  presentes  se  obligavit,  semper  a  tempore  data  presencium,  durante  vita  sua. 
protigere  ac  deffendere  ipsos  vardianum  et  vicarios,  qui  pro  tempore  foerint,  necnon  et 
suos  procuratores,  firmarios  et  omnes  suos  subditos,  in  ipsorum  dominio,  decimi-. 
lacionibus,  obvencionibus,  juribus,  fructibus,  et  pertinenciis  quibuscunque,  contra  et 
versus  Bernardum  O'Flaartey ;  necnon  et  omnes  et  singulos  alios  existentes  sub  pot  estate 

predict! 


227 

predicti  Donaldi,  aut  versus  quos  habebit  ullam  potestatem :  Ita,  viz.  quod  predictus 
Donaldus  debet  et  tenetur  presentare  et  exhibere  antedictis  vicariis,  quamcumque  per- 
sonam, dampnum  aliquod  eis  ferrentem,  aut  ejus  sufficientia  pignora,  in  omnibus 
quibus  judicio  curie  ejusdem  ville  condemnatum  erit ;  aut  idem  Donaldus  ex  suis 
propriis  pro  tali  persona  satisfacere  realiter  tenetur :  necnon  similiter  omnes  existentes 
sub  potestate  ipsius  Donaldi,  qui  tempore  elapso,  aliquod  dampnum  ipsis  vicariis  fecit, 
excepto  predicto  Bernardo :  si  hec  probare  valeant  tales  delinquentes  aut  eorum  pignora, 
dictus  Donaldus  ipsis  vicariis  prout  debet,  ipsis  vicariis  propter  dampna  jam  eis  illata, 
ipsum  Bernardum  in  utroque  foro  prosequentibus,  ipso  Donaldo  dictos  vicarios  suosque 
firmarios,  contra  ipsum  Bernardum  et  alios  quoscumque,  a  tempore  dati  presencium, 
durante  vita  sua,  fideliter,  ut  premittitur,  defendente,  et  protigente.  Insuper  si  pre- 
dicti Vardianus  et  vicarii  conquerelati  fuerint  de  neccligencia  ipsius  Donaldi  in  premissis 

quoad  preterita,  stabit  et  stare  debet et  arbitrio  domini  Patricii  Kyrwan, 

Marcii  ac  Nicholai  Stephani  Lynche,  unacum  majore  qui  pro  tempore  fuerit.  Sed 
quantum  ad  futura,  judicio  majoris  et  curie,  idem  Donaldus  cum  ipsis  vicariis  stare 
debet  et  tenetur,  ipsis  vicariis  suisque  successoribus,  pro  bono  statu  ipsius  Donaldi, 
devote  et  quotidie  orantibus,  denique  supplicantibus,  in  recompensacione  premissorum. 
In  quorum  omnium  premissorum  fidem  et  testimonium,  ambe  partes  me  infrascriptum 
publicum  notarium  desuper  hoc  instrumentum  conficere  rogarunt,  cum  subscripcioni- 
bus  dicti  Vardiani  et  Nicholai  Lynche,  pro  dicto  Donaldo.  Hiis  testibus  presentibus, 
viz.  Willielmo  Martyn,  Anthonio  Lynche,  Stephano  Jacobi  Lynche,  Marco  et  Nicholao 
Lynche,  Phinano  O'Hallurayn,  cum  multis  aliis.  Datum,  Galvie,  die,  mense  et  anno 
quibus  supra. — Nicholaus  Molgan,  publicus  Notarius." — Orig. 

"  Confirmacio  beneficiorum  pro  Collegia. 
"A.D.  1541. 

"  Christophorus,  miseratione  divina,  Tuamensis  archipresul,  universis  et  singulis 
Christi  fidelibus,  has  nostras  literas  inspecturis,  pariterque  audituris,  salutem  atque 
fidem  indubiam  adhibere.  Universitati  vestre,  tenore  presencium,  innotescimus,  qua- 
liter  honorabilis  vir,  magister  Thomas,  Stephani,  Dominici  Lynche,  protunc  ville 
Regis  Galvie  major,  ceterique  ejusdem  ville  generosi  burgenses,  clarissime  nobis  ex- 
possuerunt,  quod,  salubri  sagacitate  ac  laudabili  industria,  bone  memorie  viri  venera- 
bilis  ac  locorum  ubique  percelebris  Dominici  Lynche  suorumque  omnium  comburgen- 
cium  collegium  viii.  vicariorum  et  unius  wardiani,  ex  et  cum  institucione  bone 
memorie  Reverendissimi  domini  Donati  y  Mureadhayd,  quondam  Tuamensis  archi- 
episcopi,  necnon  cum  confirmacione  Romani  episcopi,  juxta  modum  antiquitus  obser- 

vatum,  in habuerunt.     Et  consequenter  ut  predictum  collegium,  eo  modo,  eaque 

2  G  2  forma 


228       • 

forma,  quibus  in  sui  primaria  institucione   ordinatum   erat,    sub    patrocinio  atque 
tuicione  majoris  ac  tocius  curie  ville  Regis  Galvie,  cum  confirmacione  omnium  benefi- 
ciorum,  que  protunc  illud  collegium  quiete  et  juste  possidebat,  et  aUorum  beneficio- 
rum,  quibus  predictum  collegium  potestate  seu  tirranitate  laicali  hactenus  spoliatum 
existit,  ad  presens  tamen  juris  communis  ac  Regia  disposicione  quoad  laicos,  et  eciam 
clericos  detentores  vacancium,   nova  collacione,   confircnaremus,  humiliter  supplicant. 
Nos  igitur  antefatus  archiepiscopus,  predicti  Thome  Lynche  Galvie  majoris,  suorum- 
que  omnium  fratrum  et  comburgensium  justis  ac  piis  peticionibus  inclinati,  co. 
rantes  eciam  predictum  collegium  laudabili  divorum  servicio,  ac  divini  cultus  mm 
exercicio  sedulo  et  ferventer  intendere  seu  aur-cultare,  de  consilio  noetrorum  sutf'ra- 
ganeorum  in  provinciali  consilio  nobis  astancium,  ac  illius  sacre  congregacionis  diffini- 
torum,  sepedictum  collegium  cum  omnibus  suis  beneficiis,  que  a<l  presens  <jui-  I 
juste  possidet,  confirmamus,  necnon  omnia  alia  beneficia  quondam  per  antescriptum 
collegium  possessa,  posteaque  per  alios  occupata,  disposicione,  ut  prediximus  I 
nunc  vacantia,  eidem  collegio  cum  omnibus  suis  juribus  et  pertini 
assignamus :    ipsum  collegium,   seu  alium  ejus  nomine,   in   corporalem  et  actualem 
possessionem  illorum  beneficiorum  noviter  sepedicto  collegia  collatorum,  indue  • 
omnes  illicitos  detentores  exinde  prorsus  amovendo.     Datum  Galvie,  25  die  mcnaki 
Aprilis  anno  invictissimi  regni  Regis  Henrici  octavi  33."' — Orig. 

From  the  foregoing  instrument,  we  find  that  the  Archbishop  of  Tuam.  Christopher 
Bodikyne,  had  admitted  the  King's  supremacy.  In  it  he  styled  the  Pope  merely 
"  Romanus  Episcopus."  But  in  a  subsequent  instrument  executed  in  the  reign  of 
Philip  and  Mary  (which  see,  p.  233),  gave  the  Pope  his  usual  title  <>f  dignity,  and 
alluded  to  the  past  changes  as  a  schism,  "  tempore  preteriti  scismati8.n  Afterwards, 
in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  Archbishop  Bodikyne  again  conformed  to  tl 
of  the  state,  and  consequently  retained  lii-  see.  This  prelate  'bed.  according  I 
"full  of  days,"  in  A.D.  1572. 


"An  ordre  in  the  behalfe  of  the  CoUedge  against  Richardi  Blake  ami  hit  Hen 

■■A.  J).  1542. 

Memorandum    that   upon   suche    debate   and    rariaunce   depen 
Richard  Blake  of  this  the  Ks  towne  of  Galwey  of  that  one  partie,  and  the  warden  and 
Corall  vickeryes  of  the  sain  towne  of  that  other  partie.   concernyng  certayn  ] 
rent  appoynghted  perpetually  to  the  Colledire.   for  augmentacion  of  Divyi.    S 
the  said  Richard  suppoossinge  the  said  warden  and  vickeryes  to  levie  and  reae  yerely 
more  than  their  duetie  of  hym:  the  said  Wykeryes  and  Wardi  --ns  and  al 

ing  hym  to  holde  certayn  porcon  of  suche  rent  due  unto  theim  yerely  t<>   their   . 

arr 


229 

arrerags  and  losses.  Whereabouthes  he  the  said  Ric.  purchassed  nowe  of  late  the  Ks 
writt  of  Sbpena  agenst  certayn  of  the  said  corall  vickerys,  as  Sir  Johan.  Bremegham 
late  Warden,  and  Sir  Eoger  Cornell,  whiche  notwithstanding,  the  said  Richard  by  his 
owne  free  wyll,  And  also  Sr  Patrick  Blake  warden,  with  all  his  conbrethern,  corall 
vickeryes  of  the  sam,  premitting  their  juraments  upon  the  holly  Ewangelistes,  sub- 
mitted themselfs  and  become  bounde,  the  one  partie  unto  the  other,  in  payne  of  one 
houndred  poundes  sterling  to  stande,  abyde  and  performe  the  ordere,  adwarde,  lawde, 
and  judgement  of  us,  Mr.  Henry  Joes,  mayor  of  the  sam  town,  James  Skeret,  Richard 
Martyn,  John  Ffrenche,  Thomas  Lynche,  Thomas  Martyn,  and  Nicholas  Blake,  bur- 
genses  of  this  self  town  :  Wherfor  we  the  fornamed  Judges  elected  by  the  said  parties, 
with  mature  deliberacion  and  circumspecte  consideracion  of  all  their  variaunce,  have 
Judged,  adwarded  and  Decred  the  said  Richard  and  his  heires  and  executores  to  pay, 
or  cause  to  be  paid,  to  the  Warden  et  vikeryes  for  the  tyme  being  for  evere  more,  not 
onely  xm.*'  iiiiorrf.  sterling,  yerely  in  and  for  the  tenement  or  houses  next  to  the 
lytell  yeat  att  the  weste  syde,  according  his  granfather  John  Blaks  testament,  but  als 
and  as  well  vm.a-  sterling  lyckewyse  yerely,  for  every  acker  of  lande  that  he  the  said 
Richard  hawe  and  shall  hawe  of  the  xl.  ackres  being  without  the  town,  as  the  auncient 
Dede  made  by  his  progenitores  doth  specifie ;  which  ded  hath  ben  allued  and  con- 
fermed  be  the  court  and  consaill  of  the  sam  town,  as  the  decre  thereupon  yeven  in 
the  favor  of  the  said  Warden  and  vickeryes  conteyned  more  att  large ;  without  any 
further  vexsacion  or  excepcion  to  the  contrary,  under  the  peayne  to  for  expressed  : 
and  also  have  adwarded  and  decred  the  said  Richard  his  heires  et  successores  to  be 
quite  and  fullye  dischardged  in  all  other  suche  rent  that  the  said  Warden  and  corall 
vyckeryes  proclamed  of  hym  beforce  of  the  said  auncient  Dede :  And  from  hence 
forthe  the  said  Richarde  and  his  successores  to  be  good  and  comfortable  aideres  to  the 
warden  and  wyckeryes  for  the  tyme  being  ;  and  they  as  well  kynde  and  lowing  ora- 
tores  unto  hym  and  his  successores  for  evere  more,  without  any  further  vexacion  or 
truble :  prowydith  allways  Richard  Blake  to  retorne  the  forsaid  writt  in  full  dis- 
charge of  the  said  Sir  Roger  and  Sir  John,  under  the  peyne  to  for  mencioned.  Yeven 
att  galwey  the  xi.  day  of  Octobre,  the  xxxiiii"  yere  of  the  Reigne  of  our  Soveraigne 
Lorde  King  Henry  theight  1542 :  and  our  sealls  and  seigne  manuells.  Prowydeth  the 
said  Ric.  and  his  coheires  to  be  fully  discharged  concernyng  Gylle  Blake  and  Thomas 
Dof  Blakes  porcion  of  the  rent  within  the  town. 

"  Harry  Joes,  mayre.  "  James  Skerrett. 

"  Thomas  Martin.  "  Rychard  Martyn. 

"  Per  me  Richard  Blake.  "  Per  my,  John  Blake  fyz  Richard." 

"  Tomas  Lynch.  .  Orig. 

"  Johan.  Ffrenche. 
For  the  "auncient  Dede"  here  referred  to,  see  ante,  p.  215. 

"  Morgadg 


23c 

"  Morgadg  of  the  juelles  of  if  Chyrdu 
"A.  D.  1546. 

"  Be  it  knownn  to  theim  that  ben  present  and  to  come,  that  we  Thomas  Kyrwan 
and  Richard  Bodykyn  of  Galwey  merchaunts,  proctores  of  Sanet  Nicholas  is  chyrche 
of  Galwey  aforsaid,  by  the  will  and  assent  of  Mr.  Stephen  Lynche  mayor,  and  others 
the  good  mres  of  the  said  towne,  hawe  yeve  and  concesse  to  James  Lynche  fitz-Ric.  of 
the  sam  towne  merchaunt,  the  grete  crose  of  shylver,  two  sconces  of  shylver.  two 
candell  or  tapire  styckes  of  shylver,  a  pyxe  for  the  sacrament,  with  fouer  chalk  - 
shylver,  apperteanyng  to  the  said  chyrche,  to  gadge  or  pledge  for  thre  score  poundes 
sterlinge  ;  which  the  said  James  imployde  and  bestowed  in  glase,  lede,  woexe,  candel- 
stycks  and  lectorne  of  brase,  and  certayne  bryck  being  very  necessary  and  nydyfull 
for  the  reparacon  and  usadge  of  the  said  chyrche.  To  hawe  and  to  holde  all  the  said 
juells,  chylvere  or  plate  aforsaid,  and  every  parcell  thereof,  to  the  said  James  Lynche 
his  heires  and  assignes  forever;  to  suche  tyme  he  or  they  shalbe  paid  in  the  said  thre 
score  poundes  sterling  :  with  this  condicion,  that  at  eny  tyme  we  the  said  proctores, 
or  otheres  for  the  tyme  beinge  proctores,  shall  or  doe  pay  or  cause  to  be  paid  to  the 
said  James  his  heires  or  executores,  the  said  thre  score  poundes  sterling,  that  then 
this  writting  be  woyd  and  of  non  effecte,  and  the  said  juelles,  all  and  every  parcell 
thereof,  to  retorne  to  the  service  and  usadge  of  the  said  chyrche,  in  fermor  state,  this 
writting  in  every  thing  notwithstanding.  In  Wittenes  whereof,  we  caused  our  me- 
raltie  seale  of  the  said  towne  to  be  set  hereto,  with  our  seigne  manuell,  the  xx"1  of 
Novembre  the  xxxviii'h  yere  of  the  moste  prosperus  reigne  of  or  Soveranrne  Lorde, 
King  Henry  theight,   1546 Thomas  Kyrvane,  proctowre."     \_Loc.  SigU.^ — I 

It  is  probable  that  the  foregoing  curious  transfer  was  nothing  more  than  a  device 
or  cover  to  protect  the  few  articles  which,  after  the  previous  confiscation,  had  re- 
mained for  the  public  service  of  religion.  About  this  time  the  Corporation  deter- 
mined to  surrender  the  church  and  college,  and  all  their  ecclesiastical  .s,  to 
the  Crown;  as  appears  by  the  following  petition  to  that  effect,  prepared  for  presen- 
tation to  King  Henry  VIII. 

"  Ad  excettentissimum principem  Ilenrieum  Octavum,  Regan  ac  Dominion  nostrum. 
"  Serenissimam  Regie  MajestatisExcellenciam,  ejus  celcitudini,  veri,  ligei,  fidele? 
subditi  et  oratores  assidui,  maior,  conburgenses  et  communitas  ville  sue  Galvie,  clavis 
Conacie,  infra  regnum  suum  Hibernie,  qui  inter  rebelles  silvestres  ac  montanos  hiber- 
nicos  existunt,  eandem  villain  versus  eosdem,  propriis  sumptibus  cum  quotidianis 
vigiliis,  nomine  sue  excellence,  manutenentes  et  diligenter  defendentes,  onini  humili- 
tate  et  honore  quibus  decet,  supplicant  et  implorant,  quatenus  collegium  ecclesie  sancti 

Nicholai, 


231 

Nicholai,  parochiis  ej  usdem  ville  sue  Galvie  Diocesis  Enachdunensis videlicet, 

Guardiani  et  octo  vicariorum  collegialium,  more  Anglorum  debite  et  honeste  erudito- 
rum,  in  una  aula  ac  mensa  comorancium,  cum  quotidiano  cantus  servicio,  quondam 
per  Reverendissimum  in  Christo  patrem  Dominum  Donatum  tunc  Archiepiscopum 
Tuamensem,  prelibate  ecclesie  ratione  perpetue  unionis,  ordinarium,  auctoritate  ordi- 
naria,  primitus  supplicacione  et  precibus  dicte  communitatis,  fundatum  et  institutum, 
atque  de  quarta  sua  Episcopali  in  quibusdam  aliis  beneficiis  ac  unionibus  donatum, 
communia,  ut  tunc  moris  fuerat,  per  Episcopum  Romanum  vel  ejus  auctoritate  con- 
firmatum.  Nunc  denuo,  regia  auctoritate,  graciose  fundaretur,  et  institueretur,  aut 
in  pristinum  statum  confirmaretur,  cum  gardino  et  duodecim  vicariis,  utque  in  pos- 
terum,  re  et  nomine,  Collegium  Regis  nominaretur,  reputaretur  et  acciperetur,  imper- 
petuum,  per  eosdem  majorem,  ballivi  et  comburgenses,  qui  pro  tempore  fuerint, 
ej  usdem  ville,  auctoritate  Regia,  regendum,  gubernandum  et  defendendum,  cum  privi- 
legio  exemptionis  a  Diocessani  ac  ordinaria  alia  quacumque  jurisdictione,  regia  et 
ipsorum  majoris  et  comburgensium,  qui  pro  tempore  fuerint,  ejusdem  ville  auctori- 
tate et  jurisdictione  duntaxat  exceptis;  per  quos  vero  majorem  etburgenses  sicut  hac- 
tenus,  nomine  Regis,  ex  predictis  vicariis,  unus  guardianus,  de  anno  in  annum,  sit 
elegendus,  et  vicarii  ad  presentacionem  eorum  majoris,  ballivorum  et  comburgensium, 
per  guardianum  et  convicarios,  more  hactenus  usitato,  elegendi,  per  ipsos  vero  majorem, 
ballivos  et  conburgenses,  corrigendi,  puniendi  ac  inde  penitus  ejiciendi,  et  removendi 
juxta  sua  merita  et  demerita  sint,  imperpetuum.  Pro  augmentacione  vero  divini 
cultus,  ac  ampliori  sustentacione  dictorum  Guardiani  et  duodecim  vicariorum  colle- 
gialium, ac  aliorum  inibi  serviencium,  ex  habundantissima  Regie  Majestatis  gratia, 
Rectoriam  ejusdem  ecclesie  collegiate,  jure  quo  nescitur,  hactenus  et  nunc  per  monacos 
ac  abbatem  monasterii  collis  victorie,  ordinis  Cisterciencium  Tuamensis  diocesis  pre- 
dicte,  sub  colore  unionis  occupatam,  propter  quam  infinite  contenciones  et  discordie 
inter  rebelles,  diversis  temporibus,  emerserunt;  in  grave  dampnum,  depredacionem  et 
depaupertacionem  communitatis  predicte  ville  Galvie,  predicto  collegio  donari  et  uniri 
prememorati  major,  ballivi  et  communitas  ferventer  supplicant,  postulant  et  requirant; 
unacum  perpetua  unione  et  confirmatione  omnium  et  singulorum  beneficiorum,  jurium 
et  pertinencium,  que,  jure  ordinario  vel  alio  quocunque  modo,  ad  dictum  collegium, 
devenerunt,  pertinebant  aut  pertinere  vel  concernere  debebant,  principaliter  et  pre- 
cipue  vicaria  et  quarta  episcopalis  ejusdem  ecclesie  Sancti  Nicholai,  cum  desertuosis 
rectoriis  et  vicariis  de  Ra/iuyn,  Maycoittyn,  et  Foran  more  ac  Rosquam;  necnon  et  aliis 
exiguiis  vicariis  de  Ctayer,  Kylcomyn,  Meary  predicte  diocesis,  eciam  vicaria  de  Skryn, 
que  omnia  et  singula  queque,  quite  possessa,  tam  desertuosa,  infructuosa  et  exigua 
sunt,  et  minime  sufficiunt  ad  debitam  sustentacionem  eorum  guardiani  et  vicariorum, 

suorumque 


232 

suorumque  servitorum,  adeoque  propter  inopiam,  communem  meneam  quibusdarn  tem- 
poribus  anni  eos  deserere  oportet.     Ea  propter,  non  solum  debitam  confirmacionem, 
corroboracionem  ac  perpetuam  unionem  omnium  et  singulorum  terrarum,  tenemento- 
rum,  messuagiorum,  rerum,  reddituum,  sensuum,  et  revercionum,  ex  concessionibug, 
suffragiis,  elemosinis  aut  legatis  que  eidem  collegio,  pro  sua  sustentacione  aut  augmen- 
tacione  divini  cultus  in  eodem,  hactenus  concessa,  aut  in  posterum  concedenda  vM 
assignanda  sunt  per  quoscunque.     Verum  eciam  ut  loca  sive  monasteria  in  fran> 
dicte  ville  Galvie  extra  muros,  in  quibus  fratres  mendicantes  consueverunt  residere, 
jus  sepulture,  decimas  neque  privilegia  aliqua  mendicantibus  concessa  habeair 
ullatenus  habere  valeant,  nee  servientes  in  eisdem  premiseifl  ie  cetera  gandere  | 
mant,  immo  eadem  monasteria  cum  pertinenciis,  pro  capellis  eidem  collegio,  et  pro 
augmentacione  ibi  serviencium  assignari,  prefati  major  et  communitas  supplicant  ac 
plurimum  desiderant,  ex  uberiori  autem  gratia,  de  mera  et  largiBsima  B  -llen- 

cie  liberalitate,   in  perpetuam  elemosinam  officium  rae  serenitatis,  quod  vulgariter 
dicitur/ees,  aut  reversionem  ejusdem,  cum  suis  fructibus  et  pertinenciis.  in  eadem 
villa  Galvie,  completo  saltim  termino  seu  firma  honesto  viro   B  berto  Cowly.  auper 
magistro  Rotulorum  Regis  Cancellarie  hujus  regni  Hibernie,  inde  debita  *.-t  a-ignata, 
pro  augmentacione  numeri,  ac  divini  cultus,  et  sustentacione  ampliori  ejusdem  < 
gii,  assignari  et  graciose  concedi,  omni  diligentia  qua  possint  sue  celdtudin 
fidelissimi  oratores  Regiani  majestatem  cum  fiducia,  prelibati   Major,  ballivL  bn 
ses  et  comunitas  solicitant,  supplicant  et  implorant,  adeoque  servientee  in  dicto  col- 
legio, de  die  in  diem,  pro  bono  statu  ac  prosperitat.-  Ri  gie  serenitatia  predecessorum 
et  successorum  ejus,  imperpetuum,  preces  animose  fundere  valeant,  eciam  et  coge- 
rentur,  ut  quoque  aures  sue  Majestatis  potius  premissis  inclinareutur." — Orig. 

King  Henry  VIII.  died  before  the  foregoing  petition  could  be  presented  It  was 
afterwards  re-directed,  and  presented  to  his  successor,  Edward  VI.,  who  thereupon 
granted  the  charter,  under  which  the  warden  and  vicars  hold  to  this  day. 

It  is  stated  in  this  petition,  that  the  monks  of  the  abbey  de  Col.  <k- 

moy  (for  which  see  Archdall's  Monastkon,  p.  266),  possessed  the  rectory  of  the  col- 
legiate church,    "jure  quo  nescitur."     But   the  origin  of  the  right  lias  since  been 
ascertained,    and   will  be  found  in  the  following    passag     in  our  author 
"Inter  excerpta  R,  P.  Francisci  Brown  Capucini  e  vetnstis  Patria?  indefatigabili  cura 
undequaque  qusesitis  membranis   e   scripto  quodam  poene  votustat<:  ■  perio 

Comitem  de  Muntir-moroghow  cum  consensu  Caroli   Regis  Connactia;  dedisse  E.  D. 

Abbati,  &  Conventui  de  Knockmuy  Lismacuan  Pagum  in  Clonferg (f> 

bus  prsesentibus  Carolo  Rege  Connactia?,  E.  D.  filio  ejus.  C.  Arehiepiscopo  Tuamensi. 
H.  Episcopo  Anaghdunensi,  L.  Elfinensi,  D.  Comite  Magluirg.  F.  0.  Flanegagn.   D. 

Maccoir,.  a 


233 

Maccoiraghty,  &  T.  Cormacain  cantore — (f.)  Clanfergaile  regiuncula  24Pagorum,  in 
qua  nunc  Galvia.'''' — Ogyg.  p.  30. 

"  Dispensacio  pro  Nicholao  Blake  et  Sescilia  uxore  ejus. 
"A.D.  1556. 
"  Universis  sancte  matris  ecclesie  filiis  ad  quos  presentes  pervenerint :  Cristopho- 
rus,  miseracione  divina  et  Apostolice  sedis  gratia,  Tuamensis  archiepiscopus,  Saluteni 
in  Domino  sempiternam  :  Cum  dilecti  nobis  in  Christo  Nicholaus  Johannis  Blak  et 
Sescilia  Lynche,  layci  dicte  nostre  diocesis,  non  obstante  quod  in  pari  quarto  equali 
totidem  dispari  consanguinitatis  gradibus  attingunt,  matrimonium  in  facie  ecclesie, 
tempore  preteriti  scismatis  contraxerunt,  illudque  carnaliter  consumarunt,  et  prolem 
inde  procreaverunt,  unde  nobis  humiliter  supplicarunt  ut  impossita  eis  penitencia 
salutari  pro  incestu  jam  comisso,  et  in  eodem  contracto  matrimonio  amplius  legittime 
remanere  valerent,  prolem  susceptam  et  suscipiendam  legittimam  decernendo :  auc- 
toritate  sedis  Apostolice  cum  eis  benigne  dispensare  dignaremur  :  Cum  enim  summus 
pontifex  Paulus  quartus  Reginaldo,  miseracione  divina,  sancte  Marie  in  Cosmedin 
sancte  Romane  ecclesie  prespitero  cardinali,  ac  in  regnis  Anglie  et  Hibernie  de  latere 
legato,  concessit  ut  cum  talibus  in  eisdem  regnis  dispensare  valeret:  necnon  etiam 
potestatem  subdelegandi  aliis  prelatis  in  suis  diocesibus  eidem  cardinali  comisit.  Cum 
enim  nos  eandem  potestatem  ab  eodem  cardinali  in  nostris  diocesibus  accepimus,  cum 
prefatis  Nicholao  et  Sescilia  eadem  auctoritate  qua  fungimur  in  hac  parte  dispensa- 
mus,  et  dispensatum  esse  declaramus  per  presentes,  ut  illis  expressis  impedimentis 
non  obstantibus  legittime  amplius  remanere  valeant  impossita  eis  penitentia  salutari 
pro  modo  culpe,  prolem  susceptam  et  suscipiendam  legittimam  decernendo.  Datum 
sub  nostri  sigilli  testimonio,  die  Martii  secundo,  anno  1556. 

"  Cristophorus  Tuamen. 

"  M.  propria.'1''  —  Orig. 

"  Confirmation  by  Richard  Blake,  of  his  Auncestors  Gifts  to  the  Colledge. 

"  A.D.  1558. 

"  Mem.  that  whereas  the  warden  and  corall  viccaries  of  Galway  apiered  before 
and  in  presence  of  the  maior  and  councill  of  Galway,  and  alledgeth  how  that  on 
Richard  Blake  of  the  sam  bourgees,  dothe  ussurpp  and  detainethe  from  them,  certain 
yerly  rents  due  unto  them,  upon  certain  lands  and  tenements  legated  to  them  be  the 
sept  of  Blakes,  to  say,  William,  Cille,  Henry,  Walter  fitz-John  yong,  and  Henry  fitz- 
Thomas  duf  Blak,  without  assent,  which  rents  the  said  Ric.  holdeth  wrongutfully  all 
theasse  xv.  yers  paste,  and  therupon  broght  present,  note  onely  thold  donacconn  and 
IRISH  arch.  soc.  15.  2  H  deade 


234 

deade  of  the  said  Blaks,  but  also  showth  fourthe  a  decrey  given  in  ther  ffaivor,  con- 
cerning the  same  rents,  bearing  date  at  Galway  the  ix.,h  of  January  an°  r.  r.  Henrici 
octavi  primo,  mdix.  together  and  an  arbitrement  made  betuxt  them  and  the  said  Ric. 
concerning  the  same  mater,   bearing  date  at  Galway  the  xi."1  day  of  October  an°  r.  r. 
H.  octa.  xxxmi.  [1542]  wherein  the  said  Richard,  his  heirs  and  assignee,  was  con- 
dempned  to   pay  unto  the    said  wardean,  viccaries  and  to  ther  successoures,    the 
wholl  quantitie  and  somes  mencioned  in  the  said  old  deade  made  and  delivered  by  the 
said  Blakes.     And  considering  the  sam  in  every  condicon  requiereth  the  mayor  and 
concell  aforsaid,  not  onely  to  compell  the  said  Richard  to  restore  unto  them  tharre- 
radgs  of  theass  xv.  yers  past,  but  also  and  as  well  to  compell  the  said  Richard  and 
his  heires  to  seass  from  hensfourth  of  his  unjuste  usurpasson   in   that  behalf.     The 
said  Richard  therunto  answered  and  said,  that  altho  the  said  mater  to  be  alwais  judgid 
and  arbitird  agenst  him  and  against  his  forfathers,  yet  he  afirmeth  that  in  the  sam 
arbitrement  it  was  adwardid  to  him,  to  have  suche  pledge  as  the  said  wardian  and 
vicarres  had  of  him ;  and  said  also  that  he  holdeth  the  sam  anuall  rents  onel . 
pledges,  and  not  for  any  other  contradiccon  or  contempt  of  his  predt.-cessoui  • 
cions.     And  requiereth  to  have  his  said  pledge,  and,  having  the  sam,  he  is  content   I 
confirm  his  forfather's  graunts,  graunted  to  the  said  colladge,  as  well  of  him  dur 
his  naturall  lyf,  as  also  of  and  from  his  heirs  and  assigns  for  evermor.     So  the  said 
wardian  and  viccariis  consultid  together,  and  be  conssent  of  the  mayor  and  consaill 
aforsaid,  in  awoyding  fourther  chardges  or  demaunds  to  ensue  in  that  behalf,   therlor 
imediately,  the  wardian  and  vicariis  delivered  unto  thands  of  the  said  Blak,  wholl 
payment  and  ffull  satissfaccion  in  all  his  demaunds,  to  his  owen  deassir  and  full  con- 
tentacon.     And  lyckwiss  the  said  Richard,  and  his  sonn  and  principall  heir,  John 
Blak,  tendering  the  benediccon  of  ther  predeccessours,  and  also  fearing  the  malle- 
diccon  and  cours  of  ther  said  forfathers,  which  at  ther  wills  might  make  ther  franc k 
almes  (ad  pias  causas)  and  to  thentent,  that  the  said  Richard  and  John,   ther  i 
and  assigns,  may  be  nombered  amongest  that  rest  of  ther  said  predecessourB,  and  to 
thagumenctacon  of  God's  divin  servic,  quotidially  ussid  in  the  said  churche  be  the  ^aid 
wardian,  viccariis  and  ther  successours  for  ever  mor.     Ther  for  we  the  said  Richard 
and  John,  of  or  owen  voluntary  wills,  for  and  in  the  honor  of  God,  do  hierby  theass 
presents  confirm,  not  onely  all  and  singler  our  said  forther's  graunts,  riramnona  and 
gifts,  given  to  the  said  wardian  and  viccariis,  and  to  ther  successours.   in  ther  owen 
kynnds  and  in  every  condiccon,  as  in  thold  donaccons   ruaketh  mencon,  within  and 
without  Galway,  as  the  divicon  is  made,  and  as  it  is  written  be  partialis  in  the  said 
colladgs  bowke;  but  also  and  as  well  we  do  giv  and  graunt  unto   the  said  wardian 
and  viccariis,  and  to  their  successours,  all  and  singuler  the  said  rente     -  ,.rk^ 


sterling  yerly  within  and  without  Galway,  upon  the  veray  sam  lands  and  tenements 
as  mak  mencon  in  the  said  colladge  is  bowke,  any  clames,  titells,  challandgs  or  rights 
that  we  have  had,  or  that  hierafter  our  heirs  or  assignis  might  have  hadd,  or  of  right 
ogt  to  have  in  any  the  said  yerly  rents,  to  the  contrary  notwithstanding.  And  lyck 
as  our  said  predeccessours  willed  and  comaunded  us  to  obey  and  perform  ther  wills, 
upon  payn  of  ther  mallediccon  or  curs,  lyckwiss  we  do  chardge  and  comaund  all  or 
heirs,  successours  and  assignis,  into  whoss  hands  any  parte  or  parcells  of  the  said  lands 
or  tenements  cometh,  to  obey  and  performe  this  our  donacon,  ffrom  tyme  to  tym,  and 
pay  the  said  anuall  rents  as  in  the  said  colladg  bouk  menconed,  and  this  upon  payn 
of  our  curss  and  mallediccons.  Alwais  requiering  thordinary  for  the  time  beinge,  to 
causs  the  sam  to  be  observed,  and  lickwiss  comaunding  the  maior  for  the  tyme  being 
to  se  the  same  put  in  execucon  accordingly,  upon  payn  menconed  in  the  said  old 
donacons.  To  have  and  to  hold  the  said  yerly  rents  perpetually  for  evermore,  to  the 
said  wardian,  vicariis  and  to  ther  successours,  of  and  from  us  our  heirs,  executours 
and  assignis  for  evermor  be  theass  presents.  In  witnes  hierof,  we  not  only  confirmid 
the  said  arbitrement  with  our  hands,  but  also  and  for  the  more  assuraunc  set  hier- 
unto  our  signis  and  sealls,  and  willid  the  notary  to  writ  and  sign  the  sam,  at  Galway 
the  third  day  of  Marche,  annis  r.  r.  Phi.  et  Marie  quarto  et  quincto,  mdlviii0.  Being 
present,  the  Reverend  father  in  God  Cristopher  archebusopp  of  Tuamencis,  Mr.  Jamy 
Linch  fitz-Ric.  maior,  Ric.  and  Walter  Linch  bailivis,  Jamy  Kyrevan  and  David 
Kyrewan  proctouris  of  the  said  churche,  Thomas  Martin  Johnneg  and  Nichas  Linch 
fitz-Stephen,  Thomas  and  Nichas  Blak,  and  Thomas  Colman  Notary,  and  other  divers. 
— per  me,  Richard  Blake  fyz-Sefre — per  my,  John  Blake  fyz-Rychard." — Orig. 


•> 


"  Order  touching  Srowker,  etc. 

"A.D.  1569. 

"  By  the  L.  Presydent  and  Counsell  of  Connaghte. 

"  Where  as  complaint  hath  bene  made  unto  us  by  the  Warden  and  Collegiatts 

of  Sc.  Nycholas  churche  of  Galway,  that  John  Boorke,  nowe  Cheryfe  of  Connaght, 

and  Walter  and  Willm.  Boourke  fitz  John  fitz  Meyller  wrongfully  dispossessed  them 

of  the  profitts  and  fruicts  of  the  vicaradges  of  Srowher,  Skryne  in  Tome,  and  Kenlagh 

(parcell  of  the  lyvinge  united  unto  their  sayd  colledge),  pretending  title  there  unto  in 

the  right  and  behalf  of  Sir  John  mc  Willm  prest,  Dermot  0  Rowan  and  John  0  Do- 

roghe :  against  whome  the  sayd  Warden  and  collegiats  produced  an  order  before  us,  in 

the  deffence  of  their  title,  passed  and  geven  by  Sir  Thomas  Cusak  and  others  her 

Matts  comyssioners ;  whereby  it  dose  appeare  that  the  sayd  John  mc  Willm,  Dermot 

0  Rowane  and  John  0  Doroghe  had  not  any  lawfull  title  or  intereste,   in  or  to  the 

2   H  2  said 


236 

said  pvemysses,  and  the  above  named  defendants,  beinp  also  called,  to  answere  before 
us,  cowld  shewe  nothing  matteriall  to  deffeat  the  same.     We,  therefore,  after  due 
hearing  and  examenyng  of  the  matter,  do  confyrme  and  rattiffie  the  sayde  order  taken 
by  the  sayd  Comyssioners,  as  just,  and  agreeing  with  equit  &  good  conscyence.     And 
also,  do,  by  theis  presents,  order,  adiudge  adwarde  and  decree  that  the  sayd   John 
Boorke,  sheryfe,  and  Walter  and  Willm.  Boourke  shall  hensfourthe  in  no  wyse  inte- 
rupte  or  moleste  the  pis;  of  or  in  their  quiet  and  peaceable  possession  and  en 
the  vicarrodgs  of  Srowher,  Skryne  in  Tome,  and  Kenlagh  aforesayd,  but  shall  suffer 
them  or  their  assignes,  in  quiet  and  peaceable  maner,  to  receve,  perceive,  and  tak  up, 
from  tyme  to  tyme,  all  such  fruicts,  profyts  and  comodvties.  whatsoever,  to  them 
belonging,  without  eny  theire  lett  or  ympechment.     And  further,  it  is  orderd  that 
the  sheryfe,  John  Boorke,  shall  sattisfie  the  sayd  complaynents  of  or  for  all  things 
taken  up  by  hym,  synce  the  date  of  the  above  menconed  order  (which  was  takene  the 
vii.  of  January  1568.)  savinge  for  such  of  the  sayd  profitts  a~  lie  enjoyed  by  the  graunt 
of  John  Mc  Willm  prest,  who  served  as  currate  in  the  sayd  viccaradge  of  Sk 
(under   the   sayd  pis.)  being   the   iiii.,h  parte  of  the  profitts  of  the   I 
sayd  (and  this  in   consyderacon  of  a  contract  made    with    the  >ayd  John  Boorke) 
whych  iiii.th  parte  also  he  shall  only  have  for  the  tjine  paste,  and  hen;fourth 
forgoe  and  disclayme  frome  the  whole,  permytting   the  p1'.   the  quiet  and  peaceable 
possession  &  sysyne  of  the  premysses,  without  his  disturban<  .  ;id  pu.  viz. 

the  Wardene  and  collegeats,  and  their  successours,  have  not  further  cause  to  com- 
playne.    Yeven  at  Gallway  the  x.'h  of  December  1569. 

••  Concordat  cum  originali. 
••  John  Crokton.  I 

"  Inquisittio  of  the  Duties  and  Riyhts  of  St.  Nicholas  kit  ChurcJie. 
■  .1.  D.  1609. 

"Visu  Hi  ami   plegii  of  our  Soveraigne  1.  and  kinge,  James,  in  the 
yeare  of  his  raigneof  Englande,  France  and  lrelande,  and  of  Scotland  the 
xlii'".  tacken  before  Oliver  Brown  mayor  of  the  town  of  Galwi 
cholas  Ffrench  fitz-Peeter,  and  Doniiuicke  Browne,  bailiffs  of  the 
by  thinquisittione  and  oath  of  the  persons  following,  tutching  such  duties 
as  belongeth  unto  the  parishe  churcheof  Saint  N 
saide,  according  the  old  ancient  coustome,  tyme  out  of  1 
be  collected  and  tacken  up  by  the  Church  Wardiane, 
towards  the  reparacione  of  the  said  church,  viz. 


"  Nomina  Juratorum. 
i.  Ulicke  Lynch  fitz-Edd.  of  Gallwey,  alderman. 

2.  Thomas  Browne  of  the  same,  alderman. 

3.  Anthony  Kirvane  of  the  same,  merchaunt. 

4.  James  Lynch  fitz- Henry  the  younger  of  the  same,  merchaunt. 

5.  Arthur  Lynch  fitz-James  of  the  same,  merchaunt. 

6.  Patricke  Blake  fitz-John  of  the  same,  merchaunt. 

7.  Edmund  Athie  of  the  same,  merchaunt. 

8.  Martine  Lynch  fitz-Martine  of  the  same,  merchaunt. 

9.  Arthur  Bodkyne  of  the  same,  merchaunt. 

10.  Nicholas  Martyne  fitz-John  of  the  same,  merchaunt. 

1 1.  Christophor  Bodkyne  fitz- Richard  of  the  same,  merchaunt. 

12.  Clement  Kirvane  fitz-Patrick  of  the  same,  merchaunt. 

13.  Martine  Bige  of  the  same,  merchaunt. 

1 4.  Teig  Ballaghe  of  the  same,  showmaker. 

15.  Gillepatricke  mc  Coghlane  of  the  same,  weawer. 

1 6.  Dermott  mc  ffollane  of  the  same,  brogmakere. 

17.  Willm  0  Many  of  the  same,  cottner. 

1 8.  Walter  Shoy  of  the  same,  Taylour. 

19.  Nicholas  Nolane  of  the  same,  Goldsmyth. 

20.  Muriertagh  Mc  Inylley  of  the  same,  Glower. 

21.  Donnell  O'Mollhane  of  the  same,  Cooper. 

22.  Connor  Duffe  of  the  same,  Fisherman. 

23.  Davy  OFfodaghe  of  the  same,  Boathman. 

24.  Loughlin  of  the  same,  fresh- water  fisherman. 

"  1.  First,  we  fynde,  that  according  the  olde  ancient  custome,  theheires  or  exec,  of 
every  gent,  fremane,  Burgesse  or  merchaunt  of  this  towne,  their  wiffs  or  children,  of 
what  degree  soever  he  or  they  be,  that  shall  departe  this  worlde,  is  to  deliver  or  pay 
unto  the  church  wardain,  towards  the  reparacon  of  the  church  aforesaid,  the  second 
best  garment  (viz.  gowne  or  cloke)  he,  or  they  soe  departed  had  at  the  tyme  of  his 
death,  or  the  value  thereof,  at  the  choies  or  discretion  of  the  said  heire  or  exec. 

"Item,  weffynd  that  all  the  comonaltie  or  laymen  of  the  said  towne,  which  hath  or 
would  have  there  buriall  within  the  body  of  the  said  parish  church,  are  to  pay  or  de- 
liver, the  best  cloacke  or  maunttell  he  or  they  soe  departed  had  at  the  tyme  of  his  death, 
or  the  just  value  thereof,  to  the  church  wardian,  towards  the  reparacion  aforesaid,  or 
otherwise  to  be  buried  in  the  church-yard. 

"  2.  Item, 


238 

"2.  Item,  we  flynd,  that  all  and  ever)-  yong  artificer  of  the  inhabitants  of  this  tovrne 
or  the  subarbes  thereof,  viz1,  as  massons,  carpenters,  joyners,  honppen,  fresh  watter 
and  salt  watter  fishers,  gold  smythes,  blake  smythes,  brassersor  pott  makers,  tinckers, 
peatterers,  English  and  Irish  tayolors,  Irish  and  English  showmakers.  glowers,  weawers. 
and  cottoners,  with  all  and  every  other  craft,  science  or  trade  what  soever  he  or  ti 
of,  shall  at  his  first  coming  to  be  free  with  the  rest  of  his  professed  occupation,  before 
he  exercise,  or  occupie  his  arte,  sattisffie  and  pay  unto  the  church  wardeine,  fiv  shil- 
linges  ster.  towarde  the  reparation  aforesaid. 

"  Item,  we  ffyndeit  convenient,  that  all  and  every  such  person  or  persons  whatsoever 
from  hence  fourth,  in  this  towne,  as  shall  tacke  chardge  uppon  hime  or  them  to  be 
masters  of  a  boath,  either  by  sea  or  river,  shall  sattisfie  and  pay,  for  his  income  to  the 
church  wardiane,  fiv  shillings  ster.  towards  the  reparacion  aforesaid,  excepting  such 
fishermen  as  formerlye  paied  the  same. 

"3.  Item,  we  ffynde  it  lickewise  decent,  that  all  and  every  such  backers,  as  are  at 
this  present  or  hereafter  shalbe  in  this  towne,  or  the  subarbes  thereof,  and  chiefBye 
Walter  Shoy,  Humphrey  Poinard,  William  Reagh,  Dermott  O'Nolane  and  Moyller 
O'Hallorane,  and  ther  successors  backers,  shall  pay  unto  the  church  wardiane  afore- 
said, towards  the  foresaid  reparacone,  the  some  of  ffyve  shillings  BterL  yncome,  apiee, 
forbyding  any  other  hereafter  to  use  or  occupie  that  traid,  without  the  speciall  liscence, 
and  agreement  of  the  said  church  wardian,  and  the  rest  of  that  company. 

"  4.  Item,  we  ffynde  it  meette,  that  Walter  Costelly,  Margrett  Coocke  widow,  and 
Eaffe  the  candell  makers,  shall  pay  unto  the  church  wardian  aforesaid,  fiv  shillings 
ster.  the  yire,  to  the  use  aforesaide ;  inhibiting  any  other  what  soever  hereafter,  to  use 
or  occuppie  that  trade,  without  the  speciall  liscence  and  agreement  of  the  forsaid  com- 
pany and  church  wardiane. 

"  5.  Item,  we  ffinde  in  like  manner,  that  Donnell  mc  Eobagenow  tannere.  and  all 
others  that  is,  or  shalbe  hereafter  of  that  trade,  shall  according  the  rest  of  the  an.: 
sattisffie,  and  pay  unto  the  church  wardian  aforesaid  fyve  shillings  su-r.  apice,  towards 
the  reparacion  aforesaid ;  forbiding  any  other  hereafter  to  use  or  occupie  that  trade 
without  the  liscence  and  agreement  of  the  foresaid  church  wardiane,  and  the  rest  of 
that  company  of  tanners. 

"6.  Item,  we  ffynd,  that  in  the  old  ancient  tyme,  it  hath  been  used  and  accustomed 
in  this  towne,  that  every  manner  of  persone  or  persones  what  soever,  which  did.  or 
should  brywe  within  this  towne  or  the  suborbes  thereof,  aille  or  beere  to  sell,  should 
pay  unto  the  church  wardiane  aforsaide,  one  pottell  of  the  said  beere  or  aille,  for  every 
bry wing ;  which  we  doe  lickewise  confirme  and  alowe  hereby ;  And  for  that,  in  consi- 
deracione  as  the  same  cannott  be  tacken  up  and  reared  by  the  church  wardiane.  we 

thinke 


239 

thinke  it  ffitt  that  every  such  brywer,  shall  at  allhallontyd  and  May,  by  even  portiones, 
yearlie  for  ever  more  hereafter,  sattisfie  and  pay  twelf  penc  a  pice  in  liew  of  the  said 
beere,  towards  the  reparacion  of  the  parish  church  aforsaid. 

"  7.  Item,  we  ffynde,  that  there  is  due  to  the  church  wardiane,  towards  the  rapara- 
cion  aforesaide,  out  of  every  vessell  of  acquvittir  which  is  or  shall  be  retaylled  in  this 
towne,  one  pinte  thereof,  so  as  allwaies  the  said  vessell,  exceede  fower  gallones ;  and  if 
the  same  be  a  hogsett  or  a  butte  there  is  noe  more  due  there  uppon,  which  we  doe 
lickewise  confirme. 

"  8.  Item,  we  ffynd,  that  there  is  due  to  the  church  wardiane  uppon  any  townsman, 
or  merchaunt  straunger  what  soever,  which  bringeth  or  procureth  any  shippe,  or . 
barke,  be  it  great  or  small,  into  this  towne  or  port  of  Gallwey,  ladden  with  what  co- 
modities  soever,  one  peny  for  every  tone  of  her  said  ladding ;  and  also  wine,  salte,  irone, 
Batry  and  Honny  (for  which  there  is  two  pence  a  tone  due)  to  be  collected  by  the 
church  wardian  duley,  towards  the  raparacion  aforesaid. 

"  9.  Item,  we  ffynd,  that  there  is  due  to  the  church  wardian  three  shillings  four  penc 
ster.  upon  the  tatch  house,  next  adioyning  unto  the  great  stone  house,  wherein  now 
dwelleth  John  Nolane,  belonging  unto  Marcus  Duffe  Lynch,  which  diew  was  left  there- 
upon by  Mr.  Stephen  Lynch  fits- Arthur  of  Gallwey  alderman  deceased,  towards  the 
reparacion  of  the  parish  church  aforesaid,  to  be  yearlie  collected  and  tacken  up  by  the 
church  wardian  for  the  tyme  being,  for  ever,  at  allhallontyde,  per  annum. 

"  10.  Item,  we  ffynde,  that  Nichls  Blake  of  Gallwey  aforesaid  merchaunt,  deceased, 
by  his  last  will  and  testament,  bequeatted  and  leifte  towards  the  reparacion  of  the 
church  aforesaid,  to  the  church  wardiane  for  the  tyme  beinge  every  allhallontyde  for 
ever,  outof  the  high  tatch  house,  right  against  Peetter  ogeFrench  fitz-Petter  is  mansione 
stone  house,  which  thatch  house  is  now  in  the  possession  of  Richard  Lynch  fitz-. James  Roe. 

"11.  Item,  likewise  we  ffynde,  that  Mr.  Domnick  Browne  of  Gallway  alderman,  de- 
ceased, by  his  last  will  and  testament,  leift  towards  the  reparacion  aforesaid,  the  some 
of  three  shillings  and  fower  pence  ster.  to  be  yearlie  received  and  taken  up  for  ever,  by 
the  church  wardian  for  the  tyme  beinge,  out  of  the  rent  of  the  land  called  Athey 
Thomas  reagh,  in  the  west  syde  of  Gallwey  aforesaid. 

"  12.  Item,  we  ffynde,  that  by  comone  consent  of  all  thinhabitants  of  this  towne,  it 
hath  bene  grauntted,  and  thereuppon  acoustomed,  that  at  all  tymes,  when  any  mas- 
sons  or  glassiers  did,  or  hereafter  shall,  woorke  uppon  the  parish  church  aforesaid,  the 
wholle  gents  and  merchaunts  of  the  said  town,  are  by  tournes  to  fynd  them  diett,  and 
the  common  or  lay  men  to  fynde  woorkemen,  or  labourers  during  the  said  woorke. 

"  1 3.  Item,  we  ffynd,  in  like  manner,  that  is  acoustomed  of  ancient  old  tyme,  that 
when  there  is  any  worke  of  reparacion  or  glassing  uppon  the  said  parish  church,  the 

wardiane 


240 

wardiane  of  the  colladge  and  the  rest  of  the  viccars  are  to  give  the  massone  or  ghu 
ther  Breakfast,  dally  during  the  woorke,  and  if  there  be  any  great  worke  they  are  to 
diett  one  masson  altogether. 

"  14.  Item,  wefFynde,  that  every  gent,  merehaunt  or  free  man  of  thinhabitams 
ought,  of  righte,  acording  the  auncient  use,  to  pay  fower  pence  a  pice  at  Easter,   pec 
ann.  for  their  comonyone  monney,  both  for  him  self,  his  wiffe,  children  and  flamy Ilie; 
and  every  householder  of  lay  men  or  artificers,  two  pence  a  pice,  towards  the  n 
cion  aforesaid,  and  every  yong  man  two  penc  a  pec. 

"  15.  We  the  Jury,  whose  names  are  above  written,  doe  by  virtue  of  our  oath'-, 
ffynde,  that  all  the  forsaide  diews  and  duties  therein  sett  down,  doth,  of  right  accord- 
ing as  in  the  old  ancient  tyme  it  hath  been  used,  belong  and  apperteyne  unto  the 
parish  church  of  St.  Nicholas  in  Gallway  aforesaid,  towards  the  reparaciom-  thi 
the  which,  in  owere  consciences,  we  ffynde  ought  hence  forth,  for  ever  more,  to  Vx- 
dully  collected  and  taken  up  by  the  church  wardiane  for  the  tymi 
aforesaide;  and  for  that  the  same  hath  bene  of  late  neglected,  to  (he  great  rayane, 
decaye  and  want  of  reparacione  of  the  parish  church,  as  well  through  the  neglig 
of  the  forsaid  church  wardianes,  as  also  of  our  magestrates  not  forwarding  the  sai 
assisting  them  in  the  collection  thereof:  We  think  it  henceforth  meettet  the  same  may 
be  confirmed,  and  that  the  comone  seale  may  be  hereunto  fixed  as  a  president  or  1 
ment  thereof.     Wittnes  our  hands,  the  last  day  of  October,  Anno  Domini  1 609. 
"  Willyk  Linch,  Foreman.  William  O'Many  Cottoner,    -     _ 

Anthony  Kyrowan.  Coghlin  Luderagii  Fisher, 

Patrick  Blake.  Nicholas  Nolane. 

Arthur  Lynch.  Edmund  Atiue. 

Davy  O'Fowdy,  Master  of  the  Both-   Christo.  Bodkin  f.  Richard. 
men  at  the  Wood  Key,  is  signe.     Markus  Bige. 

Walter  Shoy.  Tegg  Bali. age.  is  signe. 

Conor  Duff,  Master  of  the  Fishers     Gelly  Patkyk  hTCoghlav    ■  -  _ 
of  the  See,  is  signe.  James  Lynch  fitz-IIenky."" — ( 


Among  the  foregoing  curious  items,  may  be  perceived  somi   - 

bearing  municipal  authority,  and  the  monopolizing  spirit  of  the  time.     Buttbei\:_ 
James  I.  was  the  golden  age  of  monopoly.     That  pernicious  system  r. 
prevailed  to  a  large  extent  in  Ireland;  and  to  have  reached  even  these 
districts.     Of  this  there  are  numerous  evidences  on  record.  Thus,  on  18  Feb.  19°-" 
Robert  Blake,  Jeffry  Lynch,  Nicho.  Martin,  John  Bodkin,  and  Edmond  Kerwai 

Gal  way, 


241 

Galway,  merchants,  obtained  a  monopoly  of  the  sale  of  good  and  wholesome  wines  there, 

during  the  lives  of  Richard  Blake  and  Peter  French Same  to  Martin,  Richard,  James, 

and  Peter  Darcy  of  Athenry,  to  make  and  sell  aqua- vita;  or  usquebagh  during  their 
lives. — Id.  On  ist  May,  170.  Jac.  I.  James  Viscount  Doncaster  and  his  deputies,  li- 
censed to  keep  taverns  and  sell  wines,  usquebagh,  and  aqua-vitae  in  Ireland,  for  22 
years.  For  several  similar  grants,  see  the  Patent  Rolls  of  James  I.  passim.  On  7th 
June  40.  Jac.  I.  Sir  Henry  Folliott  obtained  a  monopoly  of  the  whole  fishing  and 
taking  of  salmon,  herrings,  and  all  other  kinds  offish,  for  41  years,  in  the  ports,  bays, 
creeks,  or  floods  of  Ballyshanan,  Bondrois,  and  Callebeg.  This  grant  extended  to  the 
counties  of  Donegal,  Fermanagh,  Leitrim,  and  Sligo — Id.  A  treatise  on  Monopolies 
in  Ireland  would  develope  many  curious  historical  facts. 

NOTE  L.      Seepage  39.     "  Bourkes  of  Mayo  County.'''' 

The  genealogical  account  of  "  Bourke  Viscount  Mayo,"  given  in  Lodge's  Peerage 
of  Ireland,  Ed.  1754,  vol.  ii.  p.  313,  is  one  of  the  most  perfect  pieces  of  family  history 
contained  in  that  work.  Archdall,  in  his  edition,  A.  D.  1789,  has  given  the  account 
entire,  but  divided  into  two  portions.  One  will  be  found  in  his  memoir  of  "  Bourke 
earl  of  Mayo,"  vol.  iii.  p.  414;  and  the  other  in  that  of  "Bourke  viscount  Mayo," 
vol.  iv.  p.  227.  It  may  be  observed  that,  although  Archdall,  in  the  latter  account, 
has  stated,  that  John  the  eighth  (and  last)  Viscount  Mayo  died  in  1767,  "since  when 
the  title  has  lain  dormant,"  p.  249;  and  in  the  former  that,  "  John  then  earl  of  Mayo 
was,  on  13th  January,  1781,  created  viscount  Mayo  of  Monycrower  in  the  county  of 
Mayo:"  yet  he  afterwards  mentions  "Sir  [  ]  Bourke,  Lord  Viscount  of  Mayo  and 
Baronet,"  as  then  (1789)  living.  That  there  were  successive  claimants  for  the  title 
after  the  death  of  the  eighth  viscount,  one  of  whom  was  living  at  that  time,  is  certain,  but 
want  of  means  and  other  opposing  circumstances  have  ever  since  prevented  its  esta- 
blishment; and,  it  is  stated,  that  the  same  causes  operate  against  the  right  heir  to  the 
present  day.  Lodge  also  mentions  that  Sir  Theobald  Bourke,  the  third  Viscount 
Mayo,  "had  a  son  Luke,"  who,  according  to  the  genealogist,  "  died  young." — Vol.  ii. 
p.  236,  Ed.  1754.  But  this  Luke  was  old  enough  to  be  a  captain  in  the  army,  as  the 
Editor  has  lately  ascertained  from  his  epitaph,  yet  remaining  in  an  old  chapel  attached 
to  a  ruined  abbey,  within  two  miles  of  the  ancient  church  of  Ballynakill,  in  the  parish 
of  that  name,  barony  of  Leitrim,  and  county  of  Galway.  "  Here  under  is  interred 
Captain  Luke  Bourke,  son  to  the  Right  Honorable  Theobald  Lord  Viscount  of  Mayo, 
and  D.  Elynor  Fitzgerald  daughter  to  Sir  Luke  Fitzgerald,  of  Tier  .  .  .  han,  who  died 
the  1  oth  of  March,  1 684."  This  epitaph  may  be  found  useful,  in  case  the  title  shall 
hereafter  be  claimed. 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.  15.  2  I  O'Ferrall 


242 

O'Ferrall,  in  his  MS.  Book  of  Irish  Pedigrees,  preserved  in  the  Office  of  Arms, 
Dublin,  gives  the  following  account  of  the  founders  of  the  different  spreading  bra. 
of  the  "  Bourkes  of  Mayo  County." 

"  Sir  William  Burk,  ancestor  to  the  Viscounts  Mayo,  and  the  rest  of  the  Burkes 
of  that  county. 

"  His  1st  son,  Edmond,  called  the  Scott  (Albanach)  from  his  being  in  Scotland 
twenty-two  years  with  his  mothers  relations.     She  was  daughter  to  the  King  oi  - 
land. 

"  2nd  son,  Richard,  was  ancestor  to  the  Burkes,  called  M'  Walter  of  Lwach. 

"  3rd  son,  John,  ancestor  to  the  Burkes,  called  Mac  Seonin  {Jennings). 

"  4th,  Philip,  ancestor  to  the  Burkes,  called  Mc  Philhin,  or  Philip,  GMont.  & 

"  John  Miagh  Burk  (son  of  John  the  3rd)  was  called  Mac  Seonin. 

"  Gibbon  (eldest  son  of  Philip  the  4th)  was  ancestor  to  the  Burks,  called  from  him 
Mac  Gibbon. 

"  Philip  (2nd  son  of  Philip)  a  quo  the  surname  of  Philips  of  the  lower  Owks(H<K 
Philbiri). 

"  Theobald  (3rd  son  of  Philip)  a  quo  Sliockt  Tebott,  of  Magh-Odhar,  near  Crogh- 
Patrick. 

"  Meyler  (4th  son  of  Philip)  a  quo  Mac  Meyler. 

"  Thomas,  the  son  of  Edmond  the  Scot,  was  called  M    William  Eighter. 

"  His  (Thomas's)  eldest  son  was  Edmond  na  Pepoije.  also  -'/    WUliom  Eighter. 

"  Walter  (2nd  son  of  Thomas)  was  ancestor  to  the  Burkes  of  Balenrobe,  Loch 
Measg,  Kinlogh. 

"  Thomas  (3rd  son  of  Thomas),  ancestor  to  the  Burkes  of  Maine. 

"  John  (4th  son  of  Thomas),  ancestor  to  the  Burkes  of  Tvriogk, 

"  Emon  na  fesoige's  eldest  son,  Ulick  Burke,  was  ancestor  of  Lord  Viscount  M 
and  the  Burkes  oiPartry,  Ballycechan,  &c  {Bally reckon  is  in  the  mountains  of  Partry.) 

"  Richard  Burke,  of  Cuarsky  (2nd  son  of  Emon  nafesoige),  was  ancestor  to  the 
Burkes  of  Tyraicly  :  some  say  he  was  the  eldest  sou. 

"  From  them  also  descended  the  families  of  Ballaghaddy  (near  Partry),  Partry. 
Castlelecky,  Ballyveghan,  Castlebar,  and  Ballinrobe. 

"  Walter  Fada  Burke  was  ancestor  of  the  Burkes  of  Partry." 

Compare  the  foregoing  with  Hib.  Dominicana,  pp.  318,  319. 

It  may  be  necessary  here  to  observe  that  most  of  these  Mayo  families  write  tln-ir 
name  Bourke.    The  Galway  families.  Burke. 


NOTE 


243 

NOTE  M.  See  page  40.     "  Order  of  Hermits  of  St.  Augustine.'''' 
The  following  deed  of  endowment  of  this  foundation,  A.  D.  15 17,  is  preserved  in 
the  Collegiate  Library  of  Galway,  before  referred  to. 

"  Sciant  presentes  et  futuri,  quod  ego  Ricardus  Edmundi  De  Burgo  dedi,  concessi 
et  hac  presenti  carta  mea  confirmavi  Ricardo  Nangle,  sacre  pagine  professori,  ordinis 
heremitarum  Sancti  Augustini,  ac  patri  Donato  O'Maille  priori  ejusdemque  conventui 
monasterii  nove  ville  Gal  vie,  ejusdem  ordinis  Sancti  Augustini,  eorumque  successor  i- 
bus  in  dicto  monasterio  degentibus,  de  consensu  et  consilio  Reverendissimi  in  Christo 
patris  ac  domini,  domini  Thome  Dei  gratia  pro  tunc  archiepiscopi  Tuamensis,  in  puram 
et  perpetuam  elemosinam,  Ecclesiam  meam  parochialem  de  Boskam,  Enachdunensis 
diocesis,  cum  cimiterio  ex  parte  occidentali  muri  ejusdem  ecclesie,  cum  quadam  parti- 
cula  terre  sita  prope  dictam  partem  occidentalem,  vulgariter  nuncupatam  Timahdtte, 
prout  mete  et  bunde  undique  docent  et  proportant,  viz.  in  latitudine  usque  ad  magnos 
lapides  occidentalis  partis  de  Tyrnahalle,  et  in  longitudine  a  mari  superius  usque  ad 
murum  prope  silvam,  cum  alia  magna  sacerdotali  terra  vulgariter  nuncupata  Gort  in 
tagart,  prout  mete  et  bunde  undique  docent  et  proportant,  per  longum  et  latum  prout 
se  extendunt ;  cum  libertate  pascuale  octo  vaccarum  et  sex  caballorum,  pro  anima  mea, 
parentum  successorumque  meorum :  habendum  et  tenendum  predictam  ecclesiam  cum 
suo  cimiterio,  Tyrnahalle  et  Gort  in  tagart,  cum  pascuali  libertate  predictarum  octo 
vaccarum  et  sex  caballorum,  cum  omnibus  suis  emolumentis,  obvencionibus  et  perti- 
nenciis  prefatis,  dictis  priori  conventuique  prefati  novi  monasterii,  suisque  successo- 
ribus  et  assignatis  suis,  qui  pro  tempore  fuerint,  de  me,  heredibus  et  successoribus  seu 
assignatis  meis,  imperpetuum ;  de  capitalibus  dominis  feodi  illius,  per  servicia  ecclesias- 
tica,  et  ordinis  suffragia  recompensando.  Et  ego  vero  prefatus  Ricardus  de  Burgo, 
heredes,  executores  et  successores  seu  assignati  mei,  predictam  ecclesiam  cum  suo 
cimiterio,  Tyrnahalle  et  Gort  in  tagart  cum  prefato  libertate  octo  vaccarum  et  sex 
caballorum,  omnibusque  suis  pertinenciis  prefatis  dictis  priori  et  conventui,  eorum- 
que successoribus,  qui  pro  tempore  fuerint,  contra  omnes  gentes  warantizabimus  et 
imperpetuum  defendemus.  In  cujus  rei  testimonium,  huic  presenti  carte  mee,  ob  de- 
fectum sigilli  proprii,  sigillum  domini  Henrici  Brangan,  pro  tunc  Wardiani  ecclesie 
collegiate  ville  Galvie,  apponi  feci.  Hiis  testibus  presentibus,  viz.  Roberto  fusco 
Lynche,  Johanna  Martyn  ejusdem  uxore,  Jacobo  White,  Johanne  Mc  Kyachra  et  Me- 
monia  Myleyn,  et  multis  aliis.  Datum,  Galvie,  xvii0.  die  mensis  Julii,  anno  regni  Regis 
Henrici  octavi  nono,  et  Domini  M.D.XVII. — Et  nos  Edmundus  confirmamus  manu 
propria. — Et  nos  dominus  Thomas  Tuamensis  Metropolitanus,  hanc  concessionem  fac- 
tam  aprobamus,  admittimus,  et  manu  nostra  propria  confirmamus.  Thomas  Tuamen.  M. 
"Et  nos  Edmundus  confirmamus,  manu  propria." — Orig. 

2  I  2  NOTE 


244 

NOTE  N.  Seepage  41,  note  b.  "Sir  Charles  Coot." 
By  letters  patent  dated  1 3th  May,  1645,  Sir  Charles  Coote,  knight  and  baronet,  "in 
consideration  of  his  courage,  wisdom  and  circumspection,"  was  appointed  to  the  office 
of  Lord  President  of  the  province  of  Connaught,  "in  as  full  and  ample  manner  ■  3 
Charles  Willmott,  late  Lord  Viscount  Willmott  of  Athlone,  the  Lord  Viscount  Rane- 
lagh,  or  the  late  Earle  of  Clanricarde,  had  or  enjoyed  the  same."  To  this  appointment 
were  annexed  certain  curious  Instructions,  which  will  be  found  enrolled  on  "  Crom- 
well's Roll,"  No.  1,  preserved  in  the  Rolls  Office,  Dublin. 

NOTE  O.     See  page  42,  note  ". 

The  following  "State  letter"  affords  ample  testimony  that  there  were  active  trai- 
tors, within  the  walls  of  this  devoted  town,  during  the  siege  : 

"Dublin  Castle,  20"'.  May  1656. 
"  Gent. 

"  The  Council  having,  of  late,  received  large  testimony  of  the  singular  good 
vices  performed  by  Mr.  Dominick  Bodkin,  Mr.  Nicholas  Oge  French,   and  Richard 
Kirvan  (inhabitants  of  the  towne  of  Galway)  for  and  in    behaulfe  of  tin    E 
interest  during  the  late  Rebellion,  not  a  little  conducinge  (as  we  arc  informed)  to  the 
advantage  of  the  state,  though  (tis  probable)  they  had,  by  such  their  ample  te*tifieing 
of  their  affeccions  to  the  English,  prejudiced  their  private  interests,  and  contracted  a 
malice  (from  those  of  their  own  naccon,  among  whom  they   are  now  to  ' 
may  prove  dangerous  to  them.     Their  lordships  have  therefore  thought  fitt.  1. 
to  recommend  the  consideration  of  their  meritts  unto  you,   that  finding  the  same  to 
bee  as  hath  been  alledged,  you  may  in  your  proceedings  (in  the  determining  of  their 
respective  qualifications  and  claymes)  afforde  them  what   convenient   dispatch 
may,  with  such  just  and  reasonable  favour,  as  may  be  conceived  meete  and  agreeable 
to  your  instructions  for  a  reward  and   encouragement  of  well  doing.     Yours  Tho. 
Herbert To  the   Commissioners  for  adjusting  the  claymee  of  the  Irish,  at  Ath- 
lone."— Original  Privy  Council  Book,  A.  D.  1656. 

These  men  were,  accordingly,  well  recompensed  for  their  "singular  good  serv: 
Thomas  Lynch  Fitz- Ambrose,  Matthew   Browne,  and  Lieutenant   Charle*  Browne, 
also  received  ample  rewards. — Hist.  Gahcay,  Append.  VII.  :  and  one  Julian  Br 
who  performed  the  part  of  Rahah  on  the  occasion,  also  received  her  reward. 

NOTE  P.  See  page  43,  note  d.     "Lough  Lurgan,  the  Bay  of Gaiicay." 

In  our  author's  Ogyg.  p.  164,  an  old  Irish  poem  is  quoted  for  the  "  three  most  an- 
cient lakes  of  Ireland ;"  one  being  Lough  Lurgan.  the  present   bay  of  Galway.     This 

poem 


245 

poem,  which  begins,  "  Goam  araip  ppur  ap  pluaj,"  Adam,  father,  stream  of  our 
hosts,"  has  by  some  been  attributed  to  iEngus  Ceile  De,  who  nourished  about  A.  D. 
800;  and  by  others  to  iEngus  Roe  O'Daly,  who  died  in  A.  D.  1350.  See  O'Reilly's 
Irish  Writers,  p.  97.  But  our  author  in  the  passage  referred  to  says,  that  in  place  of 
Lough  Lurgan,  another  antiquary  has  Lough  Lummy,  a  lake  in  Desmond  (for  which 
see  Keating's  Hist.,  lib.  i.) ;  and  adds  "  iste  lacus  longo  post  tempore  legitur  proru- 
pisse,"  for  which  he  refers  to  the  Book  of  Lecan,  fo.  284.  He  then  hazards  a  conjec- 
ture respecting  Lough  Lurgan,  viz.  that,  perhaps,  it  was  formerly  separated,  by  land, 
from  the  sea,"  "  qui  quondam  fortasse  firma  terra  a  salo  discretus,  donee,"  &c,  until 
the  Western  Ocean  overcame  the  barrier,  of  which  the  three  islands  of  Aran  seem  to 
be  the  remnant.  This  conjecture  was  probable,  and  the  situation  and  appearance  of 
those  islands,  with  respect  to  the  main  land,  would  seem  to  support  it,  but  no  such 
circumstance  is  recorded;  notwithstanding  which,  the  writer,  in  Hist.  Gal  way,  pp.  4, 
319,  has  incautiously  asserted,  that  the  separation  alluded  to  had  been  actually  men- 
tioned by  our  ancient  annalists.  But  he  has  since  ascertained  that  such  is  not  the 
fact ;  and  therefore,  whether  Lough  Lurgan,  or  the  bay  of  Galway,  had  at  any  period 
of  time  been  separated  from  the  ocean,  must  ever  remain  matter  of  conjecture,  for  his- 
tory is  entirely  silent  on  the  subject. 

The  mountains  of  Burren,  in  the  north  of  the  County  of  Clare,  shelter  this  bay 
on  the  south,  as  far  as  Black  Head,  called  in  Irish  Ceann  66ipne,  i.  e.  the  head  of 
Burren.  Towards  the  east  of  Burren,  near  an  arm  of  the  bay,  and  south  of  Galway 
town,  are  the  ruins  of  Corcumroe  abbey  (Corcumdhruadh),  for  which  see  Archdall's 
Monasticon,  p.  44.  It  was  so  called,  because,  when  built,  A.  D.  11 94,  the  territory  of 
Corcumroe  comprehended  the  present  barony  of  Burren.  It  was  also  called  the 
"  Abbey  of  Burren."  See  the  Annals  of  Innisfallen,  at  A.  D.  1267,  which  state,  that 
Connor  na  Sudaine  O'Brien,  Prince  of  Thomond,  was  interred  in  the  "  Abbey  of  the 
East  of  Burren."  Also  in  Cathreim  Toirdhealbhaigh,  or  the  "  Wars  of  Thomond,"  com- 
piled A.  D.  13 18,  it  is  stated,  that  he  was  interred  in  the  "  Monastery  of  East  Burren" 
and  that  the  monks  raised  a  monument  over  his  remains — "  CI^up  00  h-uotucciD  a 
maimpoep  oiprip  6oipne  50  h-uapol  onopac  e,  aj  na  mancuiB,  a-up  00  cojbaoop  a 
lia  op  a  luibe."  Dutton,  in  his  Statist.  Survey  of  the  County  of  Clare,  p.  325,  note, 
states  that  "  Some  giddy  young  gentlemen  amused  themselves  with  mutilating  some 
part  of  this  ancient  monument."  Several  acts  of  a  similar  nature  have  been  recorded, 
during  the  last  three  centuries,  in  Ireland. 

Near  this  is  the  island  of  Muckiwsh,  TTIiJicinip,  containing  the  ruins  of  two  old  cas- 
tles, which  formerly  belonged  to  the  O'Loughlins,  chieftains  of  Burren.  One  of  these 
castles,  called  Shan-Muckinish  or  Ballynacregga,  has  been  lately  repaired,  and  is  now 


246 

in  good  preservation.  The  other,  Muckinish  Noe,  or  New  Muckinish,  lies  a  httle  to 
the  east  of  Ballynacregga,  and  close  to  the  shore  of  Pouidoody  bay,  so  well  known  for 
its  extensive  oyster  beds.  This  castle  is  now  in  ruins.  In  A.  D.  1585.  Uaitl, 
Owny  O'Loughlin  of  the  castle  of  Gregans,  otherwise  "the  O'Loughlin,"  wa-  d 
his  name.  From  this  castle  the  district  of  Burren  was  originally  called  the  Barony 
of  Gregans.  See  the  Division  of  Connaught,  A.  D.  1586,  in  Brit.  Museum.  Cotton. 
Titus  B.  xiii.  fo.  399.  Charles  O'Loughlin,  Esq.  of  Newtown  Castle,  in  the  parish  of 
Drumcreehy,  is  now  "chief  of  his  name;"  or,  as  he  is  commonly  called  in  the  district. 
"  King  of  Burren."  See  the  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters,  at  A.  D.  1584,  for  an  ac- 
count of  the  capture  of  Torlogh  O'Loughlin,  on  Muic-init,  and  of  his  having  been  put 
to  death  at  Ennis,  by  Captain  Brabazon;  and  the  same  Annuls,  at  A.  D.  1582,  for  this 
captain's  services  against  the  Irish  of  Mayo,  where  "  he  destroyed  the  whole  territory."' 
These  "  services"  are  not  noticed  in  the  "  Genealogical  History  of  the  Family  of  Bra- 
bazon," printed  at  Paris,  4to.  A.  D.  1825. 

A  little  to  the  west  of  the  abbey  of  Corcomroe,  near  the  "New  Qi.  Fin- 

varra,  in  Irish  Pioncug  Beapa,  a  rising  little  town,  which  may  be  seen  from  the  oppo- 
site or  north  side  of  the  bay.     Near  it  is  a  monument,  erected  to  Donogh  M 
a  famous  Irish  poet.     "  In  this  district  formerly  lived  the  O'l  talys,  a  celebrated  bardic 
family,   several  of  whom  first  came  to  the  county  of  Galway  in   the  tinu 
Roe  O'Kelly,  on  his  marriage   with  Banalt  O'Brien.     In  A.  I).  1514.  Teige  O'Daly. 
professor  of  poetry,  who  maintained  a  house  of  general  hospitality,   died  at  Finvarra, 

and  was  interred  in  the  monastery  of  Corcomroe Four  Masters.     A  short  dwtoooe 

south  of  Finvarra  point,  on  the  shore  of  the  bay,  lie  the  scattered  fragments  of  the  old 
castle  of  6aile  in  bheacam  (now  called  Ballyvaughan),  taken  by  Sir  Henry  Sidi. 
his  route  from  Limerick  to  Galway,  in  A.  D.  1569. — Four  Masters.  Wi-tward, 
between  this  and  Black  Head,  Ceann  boipne,  are  the  ruin-  of  5^eunn  C'bneac. 
Glaniny.  Both  these  last-mentioned  castles  are  noticed  in  the  MS.  in  the  British 
Museum,  Titus  B.  xiii.,  already  referred  to.  The  coast  to  the  westward  from  Glaniuv 
Castle  to  Black  Head  is  steep,  and  is  the  only  place  of  shelter  for  men-of-war  within 
Galway  Bay. — See  Nimmo's  Piloting  Directions,  p.  171,  for  a  description  of  the  north 
and  south  shores  and  inlets  of  this  extensive  bay. 


NOTE  Q.     Seepage  45,  note*.     "Joyce  Country — The  Shoyes." 

Joyce  Country,  in  Irish  Diithaidh  Seoigheoch,  i.  e.  the  district  or  inheritance  of  the 
Shoyes  or  Joyces,  is  the  name  by  which  the  mountainous  barony  of  Boss,  in  Iar-Cvu- 
naught,  is  still  frequently  called.  See  the  "  Genealogies.  Tribes,  and  Customs  of 
Hy-Fiachrach,"  published  by  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society.  A.  D.    1844.  p.  324. 


whe 


247 

where  the  Seoaigh  or  Joyces  ofWest  Connaught,  "Seoai£  lapraip  Chonnacc,"  are 
enumerated  among  the  Welsh  tribes,  who,  according  to  that  authority,  came  to  Ireland 
in  the  time  of  Dermod  Mac  Murrogh,  King  of  Leinster.  But  these  tribes  did  not  settle 
in  the  western  parts  of  Ireland  until  the  century  after.  The  Shoyes  or  Joyces  settled 
in  the  district  of  Partry,  west  of  Lough  Mask,  under  the  O' Flaherties,  about  the 
middle  of  the  thirteenth  century;  although  the  O'Flaherties  themselves  had  no  juris- 
diction there,  or  any  where  west  of  Lough  Corrib,  until  after  A.  D.  1235 :  "  The  Joyes 
depended  upon  the  O'Flaherties,  and  were  always  contributory  with  (to)  them,  and  did 
usually  yield  them  risings  out." — Inquis.  A.  D.  1607,  quoted  in  Hist.  Gal  way,  p.  100. 
A  paper  in  the  British  Museum,  "  On  the  present  State  of  Connaught,"  signed  Corners 
Clifford,  and  others,  about  A.  D.  1596,  states:  "The  Joies  are  followers  to  the  O'Fla- 
herties, and  depend  much  upon  Sleight  Ulicke  Bourke."  On  this  passage  there 
occurs  the  following  marginal  note,  made,  as  I  conjecture,  by  Sir  Richard  Bingham, 
Governor  of  Connaught:  "  Theis  are  still  in  action  of  rebellion.'' — Titus,  B.  xii.  The 
name  of  this  tribe  has  undergone  various  orthographical  changes  to  reduce  it  to  an  An- 
glicised form.  Thus  we  find  it  written,  Yoes,  Joes,  Joas,  Jose,  Josse,  Joy,  Joyes,  Joyce" — 
A.  D.  1 501,  William  Shioy  or  Joy,  was  archbishop  of  Tuam,  Ware;  1507,  William 
Josse,  bailiff  of  Gal  way;  1542,  Henry  Jose,  Mayor  there;  1629,  Andrew  Joes,  merchant 
there. — Annals.  As  a  curious  instance  of  the  prejudice  of  the  "  old  English"  inhabitants 
of  that  town  against  the  "  mere  Irish,"  it  has  been  observed  that  none  of  the  O'Fla- 
herties ever  held,  or  would  be  suffered  to  hold,  any  office  therein,  because  they  were 
of  the  mere  Irish ;  but  their  followers,  the  Joyces,  were  admitted  to  every  civic  employ- 
ment, because  they  were  of  British  extraction. 

In  the  Records  of  the  Herald's  Office,  Dublin,  vol.  x.,  there  appears  a  pedigree  or 
genealogical  account  of  the  Joyces,  professionally  compiled  by  "  Daniel  Molyneux, 
King  at  Arms  in  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland,"  for  a  Mr.  Gregory  Joyes,  who  died  at 
Madrid,  A.  D.  1 745.  Although  this  pedigree  is  stated  to  have  been  compiled  "  ex 
antiquis  monumentis,  approved  of  by  said  Daniel  Molyneux,  Father  Francis  Browne, 
of  the  order  of  St.  Francis"  [certainly  a  learned  maxi,  for  whom  see  Ogyg.  p.  30],  "  who 
was  well  versed  in  the  genealogy  of  the  families  of  Galway,  and  Peter  Albert  de 
Launay,  first  King  at  Arms  in  Belgium,''''  yet  it  is  mostly  fabulous,  and  bears  inter- 
nal evidence  of  gross  fabrication.  Its  exordium,  and  a  few  of  the  early  generations, 
may  suffice  to  shew  what  value  should  be  attached  to  that  document. 


Pemobilis 


a  It  may  still  be  traced  in  "  Villers  Saint  Josse,"       ciently  called  Armoric  Gaul, 
and  "  Josse-Sur-Mer,"    in  that  part  of  France  an- 


248 


" Pernobilis  et  Pervetusta  Joyseorum  familia,  in  Geneologia  Domini  GregorU  Joyet. 
"  Majores  Joyseorum  orti  sunt  in  Anglia,  familia  veteri  et  honorabili,  atque  a 
Regibus  Wallia?.  ut  colligitur  ex  antiquis  monumentis  approbate"  a  Domino  Daniele 
Molineux,  Armorum  Rege  in  regno  Hibernia?,  et  a  Reverendo  Patre  Frai 
Browne  ordinis  Sancti  Francisci,  bene  versato  in  genealogia  nobilium  familiarum 
Galviensium,  item  Dominus  Petrus  Albertus  de  Launay,  Eque>  Auratus,  nobilis 
ordinarius  Domus  Regia?,  et  Primus  Armorum  Rex  Provineiali-  Belgio,  pro  suo 
Majestate  Catholica,  sub  titulo  Brabantia?,  fidem  facit  et  attestater  Bruxellis  i 
Maii  Anno  1666,  familiam  Joyeseorum  esse  antiquam  et  nobilem  similiter.  Dominus 
Jacobus  Wareus,  Eques  Auratus  et  Regia?  Majestati  a  concilia  secretioribnfi  in  regno 
Hiberniae,  in  comentario  de  prsesulibus  Hibernia?,  a  prima  conyersione  jr('"tis  Hiber- 
nica?  ad  fidem  Christianam  ad  nostra  usque  tempora,  refert,  quod  in  seculo  14°  Emi- 
nentissimus  Thomas  Joise  (recte  Jorsey  vel  De  Jorse)  fuit  Cardinalis  S.  Sabina?.  et 
quod  Walterus  Joise  ordinis  prsedicatorum  (frater  dicti  Thoma?  et  Cardinalis)  fuit 
consecrates  Archiepiscopus  Armaehanus  in  Hibernia,  a  Nicholao  Cardinale  Ostien^L, 
ut  ex  Bulla  Clementis  V.  data  8  Idus  Augusti  Pontificates  -ui  2.  inter  Archiva 
Turris  Londinensis  asservata,  liquet;  et  quod  forte  is  idem  rail  Waltcru-  Anglicus 
quem  Raphael  Vollaterranus  Commentarioruni  Urbanorum  libr.  21.  Edwardi 
Anglia?  fuisse  confessorem.  et  Genua?  in  Italia  sepultum  assent  Arehiepiscopatum 
is  resignavit,  160  Novembris,  Anno  131 1.  Hie  sex  habuit  fxatres  ulterius.  qui  omnes 
ejusdem  fuerunt  ordinis  pra?dicatorum.  Rolandus  de  Joise  Dominicanus  itidem  et 
dicti  Walteri  frater  germanus,  consecrates  est  archiepiscopus  Armaehanus.  Is  porro 
Archiepiscopatum  se  abdicavit,  Martii  200  anno  1321.'' 

"  1.  Dominus  Thomas  Joyes,  ex  stirpe  Regis  Britannia?  sive  Wallia?.  aut  Anglia?, 
appulit  in  Hibernia  Tuamoni,  duxit  sibi  in  uxorem  illustrissimam  dominam  Honoram 
O'Brien,  ex  semine  illustrissimi  domini  O'Brien  istius  provincia?  principis.  Inde, 
classe  sua  trajiciens  mare  in  occidentalem  partem  Connacia?.  habuit  ex  ea  super  mari 
filium;  quern,  quia  super  mari  natus  fuit,  Mac  Mo  rah.  i<l  est  filium  maris,  nuncupa- 
vit.  Hie  loci  istius  principatem  tenens,  varias  terrarnm  partes  i>tius  provincia 
occupavit,  quas  ad  ha?c  usque  tempora  posteri  ejus  hereditarunt.  Ab  aliis  etiam 
alterius  filii  Mac  Thomas  nomine  multa  pra?dia,  multa  loca  publica  nvultos  montes 
nominavit;  qua?  etiam  nunc  ab  incolis  occidentalis  Connacia>  iisdem  nominibus  plus- 
quam  sexcentis  annis  appellantur. 

"  2.  Dominus  Mac  Marah  Joyes,  seu  filius  maris,  aliquot  post  annos,  defuncto 
patre,  duxit  in  uxorem,  alterius  istius  nomine  occidentalis  Connatia?  principis,  0' Fla- 
herty, filiam.     Herede  ibi  relieto,  filiisque  aliis  et  nliabus,  reversus  est  in  Tuamoniam, 

ubi 


249 

ubi,  mortua  prima  uxore,  secundam  sibi  accepit  dominam  Dorotheam,  illustrissimi 
domini  O'Neillan  filiam,  ex  qua  filios  et  filias  genuit,  ita  ut  in  magnum  numerum  ejus 
crevisset.  Dominus  Mac  Thomas  Joyce,  filius  secundus  post  filium  maris  natus,  sibi 
loca  varia  assumens,  simul  cum  haareditate  sibi  a  patre  et  fratre  relicta,  ex  uxore  sua 
altera  principis  O'Flaherty  filia,  habuit  prolem,  crevitque  in  gentem  maximam  claris- 
simorum  virorum,  qui  praeclaris  suis  virtu  tibus  bellicis,  ad  haec  usque  bella,  qui 
plurimos  Hibernos  funditus  delevere,  suas  ditiones,  suas  hereditates  et  splendorem 
retinuere. 

"3.  Dominus  Gulielmus  Joyes,  ex  stirpe  filii  maris  et  primae  uxoris,  oriundus, 
in  oris  Galvia?  sese  conferans,  uxorem  duxit  Agnetam,  ex  nobilissima  Moriceorum 
familia.  Versus  Italiam,  Neapolim  et  Romam,  deinde  in  Graeciam  navigans,  captus 
est  a  Saracenis,  et  ductus  in  Africam.  Ibi  septem  annos  commoratus  est.  Deinde 
Barbarorum  manus  effugiens  in  Hispaniam  impulsus  fuit,  ubi  praeclarae  ejus  virtutes 
cselitus  remunerabantur  :  nam  monitus  indicio  aquilae  supervolantis  et  demonstrantis 
locum  thesaurum  invenit  incredibilem.  Domum  inde  reversus,  masnia  urbis  Gal- 
viensis,  ecclesias  et  alia  aedificia  extrui  curavit.  Demum  cum  ei  dicta  uxor  Jacobum, 
Henricum  et  Robertum  peperit,  plenus  meritis  vitam  cum  morte  commutavit;  et 
sepultus  est  in  monumento  quod  sibi  et  suis  posteris  erigendum  curavit,  in  celebri 
fratrum  minorum  conventu  Galviae. 

"  4.  Dominus  Jacobus  Joyes,  praeclaras  indolis  vir,  junctus  in  matrimonio  fuit 
pernobili  matronae,  dominae  Christianae  French ;  ex  qua  unum  tantum  filium,  Johan- 
nem  suscepit.  Dominus  Henricus  Joyce,  natu  secundus,  uxorem  sibi  assumpsit 
nobilissimam  dominam  Catherinam  Browne  eximii  domini  Thoma  Browne,  Athen- 
riensis  aliquando  Vicecomitis,  filiam.  Ex  qua,  cum  liberos  non  suscepisset,  patriam 
curam  supra  fratris  sui  hasreditatem  adhibuit,  alias  sibi  atque  alias  haereditates  com- 
parando  maximas;  quas  postquam  Vicetenentis  Regis,  et  praetoris  sive  gubernatoris 
comitates  Galviensis  officio  perfunctus  est,  instante  morte,  primo  nepotum  suorum, 
simul  cum  sua  haereditate  quoad  partem  reliquit,  reliquam  hasreditatis  partem  alios 
inter  nepotes  divisam,  et  ad  ecclesias  reficiendas  omandasque  testatus  est,  sepultusque 
est  cum  suis." 

To  the  foregoing  corruptions  of  history,  and  much  more  ejusdemfarince,  here  omitted, 
the  following  high  official  testimonies  are  annexed.  "  Omnibus  et  singulis  ad  quos 
presentes  pervenerint,  Ego  Chichester  Fortescue  Eques  Auratus,  Ulster  Rex  Armorum, 
et  principalis  Heraldus  totius  Hiberniae,  salutem  :  Sciatis  quod  Ego  praedictus  Rex 
Armorum  potestate  et  authoritate  a  RegiaMaj estate,  sub  magnosigillo  Hibernias,  mihi 
concessa,  certiores  vos  facio,  quod,  &c.  In  cujus  rei  testimonium,  nomen  titulumque 
meum  hisce  adscripsi,  et  sigillum  meum  officiale  apposui.  Dublinii  die  decima 
irish  arch.  soc.  no.  1 5.  2  K  septima 


25° 

septima  mensis  Decembris,  anno  Domini  milesimo,  septingentesimo  nonn. 

the  Lord  Lieutenant  and  General  Governor  of  His   Majesty's  Kingdom  of  Ireland. 

Westmoreland.     At  the  humble  request  of  Sir   Chichester   Forteecue   Knt.   i 

Given  under  our  hand  and  seal  of  Arms  at  His  Majesty's  Castle  of  Dublin,  the  i"  day 

of  January,  I7Q1. 

"[Signed]     R.  Hobart." 

It  may  be  necessary  here  to  observe,  that  the  family  in  question  did  not  stand  in 
need    of  this  fabricated  account   of  its  origin  and  descent.       .  ill  be   found 

faithfully  detailed  in  Mac  Firbis's  great  collection  of  Irish  '  _  I  ved  in 

the  library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  Dublin.     See  also  the  "Genealogies,  Trii 
and  Customs  of  Hy-Fiachrach,"  p.  325.     To  this  day  the  Joyces  retain  some  of  the 
great  characteristics  of  the  ancient  Irish.     "  Populus  magnus  sicut  I  j<rocer* 

homines  statural,  et  fortissimi." — Usser.  in  Primord.  p.  726.      -  Min- 

strelsy, vol.  1.,  p.  332;  Lond.  1831. 

NOTE  R.     See  page  46,  note*.     u  Edmond  Burk.n 
On  29th  Oct.  A.  D.  1327,  this  Edmond  "  Burk"'  or  De  Burgo  (after  the  death  of 
his  father  the  Red  Earl)  andWalter,  the  son  of  William  De  Burgo  (which  Walter  is  not 
mentioned  by  Lodge)  were  appointed  to  the  offices  of  ju  the  peace  in  the 

counties  of  Connaught,  Tipperary  and  Lymerick,  with  power  to  protect  the  land- 
Richard  late  Earl  of  Ulster  in  those  counties — Rot.  Pat.  20  Edw.  II..  for  which 
Calendar  of  the  Patent  Rolls,  Ireland,  p.  33,  N°  13.     And  on  5  Sept  A.  D.  1333,  the 
same  Edmond,  three  months  after  the  murder   of  his  nephew  William  third  Earl  of 
Ulster,  at  Carrickfergus,  obtained  a  grant  of  all  the  land*  and  the  said 

earl  William,  in  Connaught,  during  the  minority  of  his  heir  (Eliz.  afterwards  wife  of 
Lionel  Duke  of  Clarence)  rendering  therefore,  to  the  Exchequer,  £200  yearly.  And 
a  writ  of  liberari  facias  thereupon  issued,  directing  Re.  S       schml  of  C 

naught,  to  deliver  unto  him  the  possession  of  the  same. — Rot.  Pat.  8  Edw.  IIL  See 
the  same  Calendar  of  Patent  Rolls,  p.  40.  N°.  119.  This  writ  was  the  cause  of  his 
death,  and  also  that  of  the  Seneschal,  de  Flete,  a>  related  by  our  author. 

In  Hibernia  Dominicana,  p.  224,  the  following  _  he'archh- 

Athenry.   "  Obitus  Domini  Edmundi  de  Burgo,  Mae  an  larla,  qui  in  Saccuni  immi- 
fuit  in  Claustro  Fratrum  de  Roba,  &  submersus  in  Lacu  Mask  per  Mac-Padin.  k  alios 
de  Roba,   Anno  Domini    1337."     Brief  as  this  entry   is,   it  varies  in  three  points 
from  the  account  given  \>y  our  author.     It  is  moreover  stated,  note  (')  that  the  victim 
was  called  "  Edmundus  na  Fiesoga,  i.  e.  Barbatus."    Archdall  has  here  added  error 

to  error Monast.  p.  495.     See  the  annals  of  Cloninacnoise,  and   I  Four 

Masters,  for  their  accounts  of  the  transaction.  A.  D.  1 ;  ;s 


25l 

Of  the  "  Fryer's  House  of  Balinrobe,"  mentioned  by  our  author,  p.  47,  Ware  is  silent; 
wherefore  Archdall,  in  Monast.  p.  495,  says  of  it,  "  when  or  by  whom  founded  is  not 
recorded."  But,  in  a  description  of  the  County  of  Mayo  by  Eobert  Downing,  A.  D. 
1684,  preserved  in  MS.  in  the  library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  it  appears,  that  in 
"  the  now  Shire  Town  called  Ballinrobe,  taking  its  name  from  the  River  or  Rivillett, 
(the  Robe,  in  Irish,  Rodhba)  is  the  ruins  of  an  auncient  Augustinian  Mindicant  Friery 
or  Priory,  built  by  Tutallus  [Cuarnl]  O'Maly,  lord  of  the  Owles,  in  the  Reigne  of 
Brianus  Boruvius  King  of  Ireland,  about  the  beginning  of  the  Eleventh  Century. 
There  was  likewise  a  small  abbey  or  cell  of  the  Joanitar,  called  Taghown  or  St.  John's 
Hotise,  now  altogether  gone  to  ruine;  and  a  small  cell  called  Kilcrava,  it  was  a  small 
House  of  Nunns."  Their  possessions  appear  to  have  been  few.  On  2nd  July,  1608, 
Thomas  Nolan  of  Ballinrobe,  gent,  obtained  a  grant  by  patent,  of  the  four  quarters  of 
land  in  Ballinrobe,  for  ever. — Rot.  Pat.  150.  Jac.  I.  p.  1. 

This  Thomas  Nolan,  before  the  date  of  the  above  grant,  resided  at  "the  Crevaghe," 
now  called  Creagh,  in  the  barony  of  Kilmain  and  Co.  Mayo.  In  the  Indenture  of  Com- 
position for  that  county,  A.  D.  1585,  which  see,  Appendix  I.,  it  was  provided  that 
he  should  have  the  castle  of  the  Crevaghe,  and  3  quarters  of  land  thereto  adjoining, 
free  from  the  Composition  rent,  "  in  respecte  of  his  sufficiencie  to  act  as  a  Gierke  in 
the  said  Countrey."  This  provision  may  be  taken  as  a  proof  of  the  low  state  even 
of  elementary  education  in  the  West  of  Ireland,  at  that  period.  To  this  may  be 
added,  as  a  matter  merely  coincident,  that  the  next  grantee  of  those  very  lands  in 
the  succeeding  century,  under  the  Act  of  Settlement,  was  Mr.  James  Cuff,  ancestor 
of  the  late  Baron  Tyrawley,  and  of  the  present  proprietor  of  the  Crevaghe,  whose 
first  appearance  here  was  in  the  capacity  of  clerk  or  secretary  to  Cromwell's  Commis- 
sioners of  Transplantation  to  Connaught,  as  appears  by  the  following  order  :  "  By 
the  lo.  Deputy  and  Councill.  It  is  ordered  that  Mr.  James  Cuff  be  and  is  hereby 
appointed  secretary  to  Sir  Charles  Coote,  and  the  rest  of  the  Commissioners  appointed 
and  nominated  in  a  commission  bearing  date  this  day,  for  the  setting  out  of  lands  to 
the  transplanted  Irish  and  inhabitants  of  Connaught  and  Clare.  Dated  at  Athlone, 
thei6th  June,  1655.  T.  H.  C.  C." — Orig.  Council  Book,  Dublin  Castle.  On  12th  April 
following,  Mr.  Cuff  was  himself  appointed  a  Commissioner  of  assessment  for  Mayo,  (Id.) 
where  he  afterwards  acquired  considerable  grants  of  forfeited  lands,  and  among  others, 
of  the  town  and  manor  of  Ballinrobe,  forfeited  by  the  descendants  of  Thomas  Nolan. 

The  above  Thomas  Nolan  was  one  of  the  first  "  English  Tavern"  Keepers  in  Con- 
naught. When  the  old  Irish  Biataghs  (see  Stat.  Kilkenny,  p.  4,)  and  "  houses  of 
hospitality"  ceased,  they  were  succeeded  by  "  English  inns"  or  taverns.  On  21st  De- 
cember, A.  D.  1 61 6,  a  license  was  granted  to  "  John  Coman  of  Athlone,  merchant,  and 

2  K  2  Thomas 


252 

Thomas  Nolan  of  Ballinrobe,  esq.  to  keep  taverns,  and  sell  wines  awl  spirituous  liqu<  . 
The  former  in  Loughrea  and  all  Galway  co.  except  the  town  and  pariah  oi'  Atheni 
the  town  of  Galway,  and  the  barony  of  Kilconnell;  also,  in  the  town  of  Burrysowle, 
and  in  the  baronies  of  Moriske,  Burrysowle,  Irrus,  Costellagh,  and  Gallon  in  Mayo  co., 
in  Athlone,  in  Roscommon  and  Westmeath  co'.,  in  Ballymote  and  all  Sligo  co.  except 
the  town  of  Sligo,  in  Ballintobber  and  all  Roscommon  co.  except  the  baronies  of  Ath- 
lone and  Boyle,  and  the  towns  of  Ardcarne  and  Elffin. — To  the  latter  in  the  town 
Callow,  and  in  the  whole  barony  of  KUconnelL  and  in  the  town  and  barony  of  Kilmahje 
in  Mayo  co.  during  their  own  lives,  and  those  of  Barnaby  Coman  brother  of  John, 
John  Nolan  son  of  Thomas,  of  Peter  Nolan,   son  of  Richard  Nolan  late  of  A' 
merchant,  deceased,  and  of  Jane  or  Jennet  Coman  daughter  of  the  ^aid  John." — Rot. 
Pat.  140  Jac.  I.  p.  2.  d.  N°.  58.     This  was  one  of  the  extensive  Monopoli  -  _  at 

that  period,  for  more  of  which  see  ante,  p.  240. 

NOTE  S.     Seepage  52,  note  '.     "  Moycullin  barony — Gnomore,  Gnobeg." 

In  the  document  before  referred  to,  p.  44,  note  e,  preservedin  the  British  Museum, 
and  entitled  the  "Division  of  Connaught,  A. D.  1586,"  Titus-  B.  xiii.  fo.  399.  this  barony 
is  described  as  follows:  "  The  barony  of  Muckullen,  containing  Cosarg  [Coip-paipjt], 
Gnovore,  Gnobeg,  Loghcurb and Keildromedirge,  20  mylee  Long,  20  broad;  and 
this  rate,  plowlands  5.     Murrogh  ne  doe  chief  in  the  saiw. — Parishi  -  6,  viz.  Vicar;  _ 
of  Rahune,  Killaen,  Galway,  Muckullin,  Kylcumayne,  Killinkelogh. — Gentlemen  and 
castles  (20)  viz.  Rory  O'Flahairte  of  Muykullen  ;  Murrogh  ne  doe  of  Nowghe  and  of 
Achneuir  (Aghnenure)  Thomas Colman,  Mynlagh(2fenfo) ;  Jonick  O'l; 
Owen  O'Halorane,  Bearne;  (Barna)  Domynick  Lynche,   Tyrellan;   Rollond  Skeret, 
Short  Castle;  (Castlegar)  Donell  oge  O'Hologhan,  Qwarown  Brown  {Carrotcbrotrt,): 
Wm.  .&  Redmond  Mc  W".  Ffiegh,  Kellyn;  Redmond  Mc  Thomas.  Ballvmuritty :  Red- 
mond ^eogh,  Ballindully;  Richard  Beg.  Cloynecanyn;  Darby  Angny,  Lyaacowry; 
John  Blake  fitz-Ricard,  Kiltullagh;  John  Blake  fitz-Ricard.  Kiltorog;  Thomas  Bk 
Ballemicro;  Thomas  and  John  Blake.  Turlagh  ne  sheamon  ;  Mnrierl   .  .or.  Tul- 

lekyhan;  Martyn  Lynch,  New  Castle."— Much  of  tin  phical  information  con- 

tained in  the  foregoing  document,  could  not  be  procured  elsewhere,  at  the  present  day. 
All  the  castles,  with  the  exception  of  that  of  Menlo,  the  residence  of  Sir  Valentine 
Blake,  baronet,  are  now  in  ruins. 

The  barony  of  Moycullen  was  created  A.  D.  1585:  and  it  was  so  called  from  the 
castle,  which  was  itself  named  from  Magh,  a  plain  or  field,  and  Uttinn,  mentioned 
ante,  p.  52,  note  (z).     It  was  formed  of  the  two  ancient  territories  of  Gnomore  and 

G 


253 

Gnobeg,  for  the  origin  of  which,   see  Ogyg.  p.  387,  "  Gnomore  et  Gnobeg  duo  filii 
Lugadie,"  &c,   and  Mac  Firbis's  Book   of  Irish  Pedigrees,    "bona   t>eatbnuib,"  7c. 
O'Dugan,  in  his  topographical  poem  before  referred  to,  p.  143,  states,  that  in  the 
twelfth  century,  Mac  Conraoi  was  chief  of  Gnomore,  and  O'Heyny  chief  of  Gnobeg. 
"  ITIej  Conpaoi  pei6  00  jjjabap  Mac  Conry,  meek,  you  shall  find 

Qp  ^no  mop  na  mioncallao,  Over  Gnomore  of  smooth  callows, 

O'h  aonaib  cm  ^r\6  m-beaj  m-buan,  O'Heyny  over  Gnobeg,  lasting, 
Neao  nac  oaibbip  lp  nac  Diombuan.  A  nest  not  poor,  not  transient." 
See,  likewise,  Cambrensis  Evers,  p.  27.  After  that  period,  the  O'Flaherties  seized 
upon  this  territory,  after  having  been  driven  from  their  own  ancient  inheritance,  on 
the  east  side  of  Lough  Corrib,  by  the  De  Burgos.  The  latter  afterwards  pursued 
them  across  the  lake;  and,  in  A.  D.  1256,  Mac  William  Burke  plundered  Gnomore 
and  Gnobeg,  and  possessed  himself  of  all  Lough  Orbsen  (Corrib). — Four  Masters.  In 
A.  D.  1584,  Morogh  na  doe  (na  d-tuagh,  i.  e.  of  the  battle-axes)  O'Flaherty,  who  had 
been  previously  appointed  by  Queen  Elizabeth  chief  of  all  the  O'Flaherties,  was  heredi- 
tary chieftain  of  Gnomore,  and  resided  in  the  castle  of  Aghnanure.  Bory  (Roderic  or 
Roger)  O'Flaherty,  our  author's  grandfather,  was  hereditary  chieftain  of  Gnobeg,  and 
resided  in  the  castle  of  Moycullen.  Between  these  kindred  chiefs  there  long  subsisted 
violent  territorial  disputes,  of  which  a  curious  detail  will  be  found  in  Appendix  II. 

NOTE  T.     Seepage  60,  note  \     "  O'Halloranr 

The  MS.  fragment  in  Trin.  Coll.  Lib.,  H.  2,  1 7,  here  referred  to  for  this  ancient 
family,  states  that  "  O  Halloran  is  the  chief  of  the  twenty-four  townlands  of  Clan 
Fergail ;  and  of  these  are  the  O'Antuiles  and  O'Fergus  of  Koscam."  "  O  h-GU- 
mupcm  caipeac  cecpi  m-baile  picec  cloinoi  pepjaili,  ajup  oipein  hi  Ctncuili  ujup 
hi  Pepjupa  Ropa-caim."  See  also  the  Book  of  Ballymote  for  same,  fo.  54.  This 
document  refers  to  the  twelfth  century.  These  twenty-four  townlands  of  Clan  Fer- 
gail lay  east  of  the  river  Gallimh,  or  Galway.  The  name  Clan  Fergail  is  now  obso- 
lete; but  Roscam,  on  which  are  the  remains  of  a  round  tower,  is  still  well  known. 
It  lies  about  two  miles  S.  E.  of  Galway.  Mac  Firbis,  in  his  Book  of  Irish  Genea- 
logies, gives  the  pedigree  of  the  O'Halloran  family  for  twenty-five  generations,  as 

follows : 

"  Gocaib  lTluijmeo&oin  (a.  e.  Eochy  Moyvane,  A.  D.  358,  father 

358)  arcnp  of 


6piain,  acaip  Brian,  father  of 

Gonjupct,  Aengus, 


ffluipceapcaij, 


2  54 


ITluipceapcai^. 

Ctllrhupain, 

Pipjallaij, 

Choncoille, 

Clooa, 

Diapmaoa, 

Conchabaip,  chara-luipeach, 

t)orhnuill, 

Caioj  calcaip, 

pheapjail, 

ao6a, 

Chonchabaip, 

^yolln-poepain  net  poola, 

Dlaoilpuanaio, 

t)omnuill, 

Oaibich, 

Grhlaoib, 

Caioj, 

^illecpipr, 

t)orhnaill, 

Seonac, 

t)ubaic. 


Mortogh, 

Allmuran,  a  quo  O'Halloran, 

Fergallach, 

Cucolle. 

Aodh, 

Derrnot, 

Connor  of  Cath-lury, 

DonnelL 

Teige,  the  -t."    _ 

Ferrall, 

Hugh, 

Connor, 

Gilla-Stephen  of  the  pin 

Mulrony, 

Donnell, 

David, 

Aw!< 

Teige, 

Gillchrist, 

Donnell, 

J oh nock. 

Davock"  {David  Ope). 


In  the  thirteenth  century,  the  O'Hallorans  were  dispossessed  of  their  ancient  inhe- 
ritance of  Clan  Fergail,  by  the  De  Burgos  ;  and  were  obliged  to  emigrate,  with  the 
( ^Flaherties,  to  Iar-Connaught,  where  they  built  the  castle  of  O'Hery  in  Gnomore ; 
and  also,  according  to  tradition,  the  castle  of  Rinvile  in  Northern  Connemara. 
our  author's  Ogyg.  p.  376,  for  this  old  family:  and  the  "History  of  Ireland. 
Doctor  Sylvester  O'Halloran  of  Limerick,  who  states,  vol.  iL.  p.  389.  that  he  was  him- 
self "descended  from  the  House  of  Clann  Fergail."  But  there  was  another  family  of  this 
name  in  Thomond,  for  which  see  Catlireim  Tltoirrfhealbhaialt.  or  the  Chronicles  of  the 
Wars  of  Thomond,  at  A.  D.  1 309,  which  family  was  l>  descended  from  the  stock  of  the 
O'Briens,  and  the  other  Dalcassiaus." — O'Brien,  Diet.  p.  514.  The  learned  historian 
claims  for  "  the  House  of  Clan  Fergail"  the  celebrated  St.  Finbar  of  Cork,  and 
Aileron,  surnamed  an  c-eajnam,  or  the  wise,  for  whom  ao  Dasher  in  Primord. 
pp.  818,  966  ;  O'Conor's,  Annal.  Ulton.  pp.  56,  57,  and  Petrie's  Tara,  p.  99.  He  also 
claims  for  this  family  the  "  invincible"  William  Ockhani,  mentioned  by  Harris,  in 

Ware, 


255 

Ware,  vol.  ii.,  Writers,  p.  82  ;  but  Wadding  renders  this  claim  more  than  doubtful. 
See  Harris,  in  loc.  ult.  citat.  An  account  of  the  historian  O'Halloran  will  be  found 
in  Fitzgerald's  History  of  Limerick,  Appendix,  p.  lx. 

In  A.  D.  1585,  the  "  O'Halloran"  was  one  of  the  contracting  parties  in  the  Inden- 
ture of  Composition  for  Iar-Connaught  with  Queen  Elizabeth,  which  will  be  found  in 
Appendix  I.  It  appears  from  the  "Description  of  Connaught,"  preserved  in  the 
British  Museum,  and  quoted  in  the  last  additional  note,  S,  p.  252,  that  Jonick  O'Hal- 
loran was  proprietor  of  the  castle  of  O'Hery,  in  Moycullen  barony.  On  27th  March, 
A.  D.  1 61 9,  "  the  east  quarter  of  Barney  was  granted  by  patent  to  Teige  and  Moyler 
O'Halloran." — Rot.  Pat.  Jac.  I.  And  on  28th  Nov.,  1638,  Stephen  Lynch  obtained  a 
decree  in  Chancery  against  Edmond  O'Hallorane,  of  Barney,  for  £410.  19s.  Sd.,  and  the 
lands  of  O'Hery  to  be  charged  therewith." — Orig.  enrolled.  This  decree  is  supposed  to 
have  led  to  the  transfer  of  the  Barna  estate  to  the  Lynches,  by  whom  it  is  possessed  to 
this  day.  The  following  documents  relating  to  the  O'Hallorans,  who  since  that  time 
have  shared  the  vicissitudes  of  most  of  the  ancient  Irish  families,  are  considered  suffi- 
ciently curious  for  preservation.  They  are  taken  from  the  originals,  in  the  possession 
of  the  Editor : 

"  Carta  Dermicii  O'' Halloran. 
"  A.D.  1594. 

"  Sciant  presentes  et  futuri,  quod  ego  Dermicius,  alias  Dermoid  duff  Mc  Shane 
O'Halloran  de  Bearna  in  comitatu  Galway  generosus,  pro  quadam  summa  pecunie  mihi 
per  Edmundum  Halloran  de  Galwey  mercatorem  pre  manibus  solute,  dedi,  concessi, 
vendidi  et  barganizavi,  et  hac  presenti  carta  mea  confirmavi  eidem  Edmundo  omnia  et 
singula  maneria,  dominia,  castra,  messuagia,  terras  et  cetera  hereditamenta  quecunque, 

cum  omnibus  et  singulis  eorum  pertinenciis  in  villis,  campis,  locis de  Rine- 

moyly,  Ayrdnegrivagh  et  Tulaghvor,  que  mihi  jure  hereditario  pertinent,  in  baronia 
de  Balynahensy  infra  comitatum  predictum.  Habendum  et  tenendum  omnia  et  sin- 
gula premissa  superius  expressa,  cum  omnibus  et  singulis  eorum  pertinenciis  prefato 
Edmundo  Halloran  heredibus  et  assignatis  suis,  imperpetuum ;  de  capitalibus  dominis 
feodi  illius,  per  servitia  inde  debita  et  de  jure  consueta.  Et  ego  vero  predictus  Dermi- 
cius alias  Dermoid  O'Halloran  et  heredes  mei  omnia  et  singula  premissa  prefato  Ed- 
mundo Halloran  heredibus  et  assignatis  suis,  contra  omnes  gentes,  warrantizabimus, 
acquietabimus  et  imperpetuum,   per  presentes,  defendemus.     Et  ulterius  sciant  me 

prefatum  Dermicium  alias  Dermoyd  O'Halloran  fecisse,  ordinasse in  loco  meo 

posuisse  dilectum  mihi  in  Christo  Nehemiam  Ffolain  generosum,  meum  attornatum 
ad  intrandum,  et  possessionem  et  seisinam  capiendum  pro  me,  vice  et  nomine  meo,  de 
et  in  omnibus  et  singulis  premissis,  cum  omnibus  et  singulis  eorum  pertinenciis.     Et 

post 


256 

post  hujusmodi  possessionem  et  seisinam  sic  inde  captas  et  habitas,  deinde  pro  me,  vice 
et  nomine  meo,  plenam  et  pacificam  possessionem  et  seisinam  inde  et  de  qualibet  inde 
parcella  prefato  Edmundo  deliberandum  et  tradendum.  Habendum  et  tenendutn  sibi, 
heredibus  et  assignatis  suis,  secundum  tenorem,  vim,  formam  et  effectum  huju-  pre- 
sents carte  mee  inde  ei  confecte.  Ratum  et  gratum  habens  et  habiturus  totum  et  quic- 
quid  predictus  attornatus  meus  fecerit  in  premissis  per  presentes.  In  cujus  rei  testi- 
monium presentibus  sigillum  meum  apposuL  Datum  vicesimo  septimo  die  JuniL 
Anno  regni  domine  Elizabethe,  Dei  gratia  Anglie,  Francie  et  Hibernie  Regine,  fidei 
defensoris,  etc.  tricesimo  sexto. 

"  Present  Nicholas  Lincu.  fyz  Marks. 
Hew,  is  sign. 
TTlc  t)abnc. 

Dorby  alias  Diermovd  0  Hallor^n.  •+"" 

"  I  Eremond  Hallorine  sonne  and  heyre  of  the  within  named  Ed.  Halloraine  do 
release  unto  Edmond  Flahertye  of  Rinvite  esq.  all  my  right  to  the  castle  and  land- 
Rinvile,  by  virtue  of  this  deede  or  any  other  deede  whatsoever.     In  witnesse  when 
have  heereunto  subscribed  my  name  the  last  of  October  Anno  Dni  1638. 

"  Erkmond  Halloraine. 
"  Present  Hugh  Flahertye.   Nicholas  Browne." 

"  Carta  Joh.  O'Halloran, 
"  A.  D.  1594. 
"  Sciant  presentes  et  futuri  quod  ego  Johannes  O'Halloran  de  Galwev.  piac&tor, 
dedi,  concessi  et  hac  presenti  carta  mea  confirmavi  Ambrose  Martin  de  Galwev  pre- 
dicta  mercatori,  omnia  et  singula  manerium,  castrom,  messuagium,  terras,  tenement*, 
prata,  pascua,  pasturas,  boscos,  suboscos,  moram,  montium,  aqua^.  gurgitaa  piscaram 
et  alia  hereditamenta  quorumcunque,  cum  omnibus  et  singuUB  eorom  pertineneiis  que 
habeo,  habui,   seu  quovismodo  in  futuro  habere  potero,  vel  aliquifl  alius  habet  vel  ha- 
bere debet,  vel  aliqui  alii  habent  vel  habere  debent,  ad  meum  usum  in  villi-. 
hamletis  de  Renvt/le,  vel  in  aliquo  alio  loco  in  ErconnaghU  in  comitatu  Galwey  pre- 
dicta;  habendum  et  tenendum  omnia  et  singula  premissa  superius  expressa,  oono 
recitata  et   specificata  cum  omnibus  et  singulis   eoruni    pertineneiis.   prelate  Am- 
brose Martin  heredibus  et   assignatis    suis,    ad   usum    predicti   Ambrose,  heredum 
et  assignatorum  suorum  imperpetuum,  de  capitalibus  dominis  feodi  illius  per 
vicia  inde  debita  et  de  jure  consueta.      Et  ego  vero  predictus  Johannes  G"Halloran 
et  heredes    mei  omnia   et    singula   premissa    superius    expn  -  -  -       recitata, 

et  specificata  cum  omnibus  et  singulis  eorum  pertinenciis.  prefato  Ambrose   Mar- 
tin  heredibus    et   assignatis    suis   contra   omnes  gentes  warrantizabimus,    acquiet- 

abimus 


257 

abimus  et  imperpetuum  defendemus  per  presentes.  Et  ulterius  sciant  me  prefatum 
Johannem  O'Halloran  fecisse,  constituisse,  ordinasse,  deputasse,  et  in  loco  meo  possu- 
isse  dilectum  mihi  in  Christo  Edmond  boy  M'Bryne  de  Irislona,  et  Dermod  M'Hyue 
de  Shanvalliard  in  Erconnaght  predicta,  yeomen,  meum  verum  et  legitimum  atturna- 
tum,  ad  intrandum  et  possessionem  et  seisinam  capiendum  pro  me,  vice  et  nomine  meo, 
et  post  hujusmodi  possessionem  et  seisinam  sic  inde  captas  et  habitas,  deinde  pro 
me,  vice  et  nomine  meo,  plenam  et  pacificam  possessionem,  et  seisinam  omnium  et  sin- 
gulorum  premissorum  superius  expressorum,  cum  omnibus  et  singulis  eorum  perti- 
nenciis,  prefato  Ambrose  Martin  heredibus  et  assignatis  suis  deliberandum,  secundum 
tenorem,  vim,  formam  et  effectum  hujus  presentis  carte  mee,  inde  ei  confecte  per  pre- 
sentes. In  cujus  rei  testimonium,  presentibus  sigillum  meum  apposui.  Datum  apud 
Gallwey  vm.°  die  Septembris,  Anno  Domini,  1954. 

"  John  O'Halluran,  bis  mark"  {viz.,  a  curiously  shaped  fishing-hook). — Orig. 

"  Morrertagh  O"1  Hallurane  and  Teig  is  Dede,  the 
"  17  of  Oct.  1606. 
"  Be  yt  knowen  into  all  men  by  theis  presents,  that  wee  Morrirtegh  fytz  Davocke 
O'Hallorane,  and  Teige  fytz  Davocke  O'Hallorane  of  Rynvilly  in  the  county  of  Gal- 
way  yeomen,  have  gywen  and  graunted  into  our  welbeloued  land- lord,  Morrogh  ne 
Moyer  O'Flaherty  of  Bonnowen  in  the  county  of  Gallewey  aforesaid  gentle,  all  that 
quarter  of  land  sett,  lying  and  being  in  Rynvilly  within  the  Barony  of  Ballenehensy  in 
the  county  of  Galewey  aferesaid,  frome  us  our  heires,  executores  and  assignes,  into 
the  said  Morroghe  ne  Moyer  O'Flaherty  his  heires,  executors  and  assignes,  sole  and 
proper  use  for  ever,  uppon  condicion  and  forme  folowinge,  viz.  to  sey,  that  yfe  in 
cause  that  the  said  Morrirteghe  O'Hallorane,  Teige  O'Hallorane  or  ther  heires  sheold 
happen  to  dwell  in  and  uppon  any  part  or  parcell  of  that  land,  that  then  he  or  they 
shall  yeald  and  pay  into  the  said  Morroghe  ne  Moyer  O'Flaherty  his  heires,   exe- 
cutores and  assignes,  the  just  some  of  six  shillings  and  eight  pence  sterr:  corant  law- 
full  money  in  England,  for  and  out  of  every  cartron  of  that  quarter  of  land,  that  he 
or  they  shall  occupie  or  meynure  yearly,  otherwyse  yf  it  shald  happen  that  the  said 
Morroghe  ne  Moyer  O'Flaherty  his  heires  or  assignes  shall  occupie  or  meynure  anny 
cartrone  of  that  quarter  of  land,  that  then  he  his  heires  or  assignes  shall  yeld  and  pay 
into  the  said  Morirtegh  O'Hallorane  and  Teige  O'Hallorane  or  their  heires,  the  just  some 
of  wane  {one)  shilling  and  eight  pence  ster.  yearly :  provided  allweys  that  the  said  rent 
of  six  shillings  eight  pence  ster.  is  to  be  paid  yearly  out  of  every  cartrone  in  Eynvilly 
to  Morroghe  ne  Moyer  O'Flaherty,  in  respect  of  and  consideracion  of  his  lordshipe  in 
that  soylle.     In  withnes  whereofe  we  have  sett  hirinto  our  signes  and  sealles.  this  1 7 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5.  2    L  of 


258 

of  October  1606 — Teig  O'Hallorane  is  sign  &  seall — Morteigh  O'llallorane  is  sign 
and  seall. — Present  at  thensealling  and  delivery  hereofe,  wee  whose  Mtm.-  inswethe. 
— Nichas  Martin,  Richard  Lynce  fytz-Nicli.  Davy  O'Dowan,  testis." — Orig. 

"  Dee.de  of  the  Clagann,  A.  D.  161 2. 
"  Be  it  knowen  to  all  men  by  theis  presents,  that  wee  Margarett  nyne  Dermott 
nior  (yHalluran  late  of  the  Clegan  in  the  countie  of  Galwey,  and  Onora  nyne 
Jonecke  O'Halluran  of  the  same,  for  a  certaine  soome  of  mono}-  to  us  in  hand  well  and 
truely  contented,  satisfied  and  paid,  have  remised,  released,  and  for  us  and  our  fa 
for  ever,  quitt  claimed  by  these  presents,  unto  Morugh  ne  Moyre  O'Flaherty  of  Bo- 
noven  in  the  countie  of  Galwey  aforesaid,  gent,  in  his  full  and  peaceabL  d  and 

seisin  being,  his  heires  and  assignes  for  ever,  all  that  our  rijrliT.  title,  claime,  demand 
and  interest,  which  ever  we  have  had,  or  which  for  ever  hereafter  we  shall  have,  our 
heires,  executors  and  assignes,  of  all  and  singuler  the  cartron  of  land  with  tliappurte- 
nances  called  Knockbane,  the  cartron  of  land  of  Lacknehae,  the  cartron  of  Knock  mcGil- 
lechrist,  the  haulf  quarter  of  land  in  the  Kealmor,  the  cartron  of  land  of  Knockyle.  the 
cartron  of  Kleganbig  and  Fallereagh,  and  the  cartron  of  the  Kyllyne  called  Sranelana, 
with  their  hereditaments  and  appurtenances,  situated  in  the  (J  lagan  in  the  barony  of 
Ballenehense  within  the  countie  of  Galwey,  soe  as  neither  we  the  said  r  and 

Onora  nor  our  heires,  nor  any  other  person  or  persons  whatsoever  by  us.  for  u»,  or  in 
our  or  any  of  our  names,  any  right,  title,  claime,  demande,  or  interest  of  and  in  the 
lands,  tenements  hereditaments  with  thappurtenances  aforesaid,  or  in  any  parte  or  par- 
cell  thereof;  and  that  we  may  not  dispose,  claime,  or  sell  the  Bsme  for  ewer  hereafter, 
but  of  all  actions,  rightes,  titles,  claime,  demaund,  and  interest,  shalbe  excluded  for 
ever  by  these  presents.  And  we  the  said  Margarett  and  Onora  and  our  heires,  all  and 
singuler  the  lands,  tenements  and  hereditaments  with  the  appurtenances  aforesaid, 
unto  the  said  Morogh  O'Flahertie  his  heires  and  assignes  for  ever,  against  us  and  our 
heires,  and  against  all  other  person  or  persons  whatsoever  lawfully  haveing,  claimeing 
or  which  for  ever  hereafter  shall  lawfully  claime,  into  the  lands,  tenements,  and  here- 
ditaments with  thappurtenances  aforesaid,  or  into  any  parte  or  parcell  thereof,  anie 
right,  title,  state  or  interest,  of,  by  or  under  u»  the  arid  Margarett  and  Onora,  our 
heires  or  assigns,  shall  save,  warraunt,  acquitt  and  defend  for  ever,  by  these 
In  witnes  whereof  we  have  hereunto  set  ouer  signes  and  seales,  dated  the  fifteenth  day 
of  September  A°.  D".  1612. — Margrett  nyn  X  Dermot  mor  (THalloran.  Onuer  inn 
X  Jonicke  O'Halloran. — Beinge  presente  at  the  signing,  sealing  and  delivery  of  this 
deede  we  whose  names  are  subscribed. — Forinan  mcDermote  Follan  is  marke.  p.  p. — 
Morrogh  X  Marrey  O'Dovane,  is  marke. — Davy  X  O'Dovane  is  marke. — Kn , . 
X  og  mc  Knohor  mc  Owen." — Orig. 

"  Donoqhe 


259 

"  Donoghe  m'.  Moyller  et  al.  is  dede  A.  D.  1614. 

"  Be  yt  knowen  to  all  men  by  theise  presents,  that  wee  Donogh  mcMoyller  O'Hal- 
loran,  Moyller  Granae  O'Halloran  and  Teige  mac  Donoghoe  O'Halloran  of  Bearney, 
in  the  county  of  the  towne  of  Galway,  gent,  for  and  in  consideration  of  the  some  of 
sixteine  poundes  ster.  currant  money  in  England,  to  us  before  the  perfectinge  hereof 
payed  and  contented,  of  and  by  the  hands  of  Morough  O'Flahertie,  alias  Morough  ne 
muyer  O'Flahertie  of  Bonowen  in  the  countie  of  Galway,  gent,  have  graunted,  bar- 
gainned,  sould  and  confirmed,  lyckas  by  theis  presentes  wee  doe  give,  graunte,  bargann, 
sell  and  confirm,  unto  the  said  Morough  ne  muyer  O'Flahertie  all  that  the  castell,  com- 
monly caled  the  castell  ofEinviel-okuoy,  and  three  cartrones  of  land  thereunto  ajoyn- 
ninge,  viz.  the  cartron  of  Inveran,  whereuppon  the  said  castell  is  situated,  the  cartron 
of  Ardenegrevagh,  and  the  cartron  of  Korrwoher,  all  situated  lyenge  and  beinge  in 
Ier-connagkt,  within  the  barrony  of  Ballinehinsey  in  the  said  county  of  Galway :  To 
have  and  to  hould  unto  the  said  Moroghoe  O'Fflahertie  his  heires  and  assignes  for  ever; 
to  hould  of  the  chief  lords  of  the  ffee,  by  the  services  thereof  due  and  by  lawe  accustomed. 
And  we  have  appointed  our  welbeloved  in  Christ  Ffargananym  mcSearvreh  of  Moerysh 
gentleman,  our  true  and  lawfull  attorney  to  deliver  livery,  seisin  and  possession  of  the 
said  castell  and  landes  with  thappurtenances  unto  the  said  Moroghoe  O'Fflahertie, 
accordinge  the  purporte,  effect  and  true  meaning  of  this  our  present  deed ;  hereby 
ratefienge  and  confirminge  all  and  whatsoever  our  said  attorney  shall  doe  or  happen  to 
be  don  in  the  premisses,  firmely  by  theis  presentes.  In  wittnes  whereof  we  have 
hereto  putt  our  handes  and  seales,  the  last  day  of  the  month  of  Aprill  An".  Dom.  16 14. 

"  Present  when  the  said  Ffarganannim  mac  Searvreh  the  attorney,  delivered  livery, 
seisin  and  possession  of  the  castell,  towne  and  landes  within  specified,  unto  the  said 
Moroghoe  O'Fflahertie,  wee  whose  names  ensue,  Edmond  O'Halloran  mcDonell  O'Hal- 
loran, testis— Ffernando  Folain — William  O'Duan — Rory  Oge  Duan,  testis Orig. 

'■'■Erevan  CPHalloraine  his  deede  of  Mullaghglasse. 
"  A.  D.  1645. 
"  Be  it  knowne  unto  all  men  by  these  presents  that  I  Erevan  O'Halloraine  of  Mul- 
laghglasse in  the  countie  of  Galway,  gent,  for  the  sum  of  seaven  pounds  fouer  shillings 
ster.  currant  lawful  money  of  and  in  England,  to  me  before  hand  well  and  truely  con- 
tented, satisffied  and  paied,  have  given,  granted,  confirmed,  bargained  and  sold,  like  as 
by  these  presents  I  doe  give,  graunt,  confirme,  bargaine  and  sell,  unto  Edmond  Ffla- 
herty  of  Roynvoyly  in  the  said  county  of  Galway  Esqr.  his  heires  and  assignes  for  ever, 
all  that  the  cartron  of  Mullaghglasse,  with  the  appurtennances,  being  in  the  barony  of 
Ballynehensy  within  the  county  of  Galway,  and  all  woods,  water-ways,  easures,  pro- 

2  L  2  fitts. 


260 

fitts,  comodities,  houses,  lands,  tenements,  hereditaments  and  appurtenances  thereunto 
belonging  or  in  anie  wise  appertaining:  To  have  and  to  hould  all  and  singuler  the 
foresaid  hereditaments  before  given,  graunted,  bargained  and  sold,  unto  the  said  Ed- 
mond  Fflaherty  his  heires  and  assignes  for  ever,  to  his  the  said  Edmond  Fflaherty.  las 
heires  and  assignes  sole  and  proper  use  and  behoofe  for  ever,  from  the  cheefe  lords  of 
that  fee,  for  such  services  as  are  thereout  due  and  accustomed.  And  I  the  said  Erevan 
O'Halloraine  my  heires  and  assignes,  all  and  singuler  the  aforesaid  hereditan. 
before  given,  graunted,  bargained  and  sould,  unto  the  said  Edmond  Fflaherty  his  heires 
and  assignes,  against  all  manner  of  persones,  shall  save,  warrant,  acquitt  and  defend  for 
ever,  by  theis  presents.  And  further  be  it  knowne  that  1  the  said  Erevan  O'Hallo- 
raine, with  my  proper  hands,  have  delivered  full  and  peasable  possession  and  seisin  of 
all  and  singuler  the  aforesaid  hereditaments,  unto  the  said  Edmond  Fflaherty,  accord- 
ing to  the  true  meaning,  intent  and  effect  of  this  my  present  deed;  provided  alwaies  and 
uppon  condition  that,  whensoever  hereafter  I  the  said  Everan  O'llallorain,  my  heires 
or  assignes,  doe  well  and  truely  content,  satisfie  and  paie  unto  the  said  Edmond  O'Ffla- 
herty,  his  heires  or  assignes,  the  full  and  just  sum  of  seaven  pounds  fouer  shilling  - 
currant  lawfull  money  of  and  in  England,  of  a  good,  fine  and  weaghtie  coined  silver,  as 
at  this  day  is  currant  in  that  reahne,  having  five  shillings  to  every  ounce  troy-weaght, 
and  fouer  Irish  ounces  to  every  pound  therof,  in  one  entheix  paynu-nt,  that  then  and 
from  thenceforth,  itshalbe  lawfull  forme  the  said  Erevan  O'Hallorain  my  heires  and 
assignes,  into  all  and  singuler  the  said  hereditaments  to  reinter,  and  the  same  to  have 
againe  and  repossesse  as  in  my  former  estate,  anie  thing  herein  contained  to  the  c 
trary  notwithstanding.  In  wittnes  whereof.  I  tin-  said  Erevan  O'Hallorain  hav 
hereunto  my  hand  and  seale,  the  19th  of  November  1645. 

"  Erevan  O'Halloraine  (seal). 
"  Being  present  C.  Dowan  testis,  &c" — Orig. 

"Indenture,  c/h  Jan.  1681,  between  Nicholas  Lynch  fitz-Marcus  of  Barney  in  the 
county  of  the  town  of  Galway,  gent,  and  Ffinyne  Hallorane  of  Galway,  gent,  recit 
John  Whaley  of  Newford  co.  of  Galway.    esq.  (Grantee   ohder  the  Art  of  Settlement) 
in  consideration  of  £644  1 3s.  9^.,  to  him  paid  by  the  said  Nicholas  Lynch,  by  deeds 
dated  15th  and   16th  October   1681,  released  unto  the  said  Nicholas   Lynch,  among 
others  the  lands  following :  and  that  the  said  Pfinyne  Hollerane  paid  unto  tl. 
Nicholas  £83  4s.  2d.  sterling,  part  of  the  said  larger  sum.  and  in  trust  received  f 
said  Ffinyne  towards  the  same  :  the  deed  therefore  witnessed,  that  the  said  Nicholas 
Lynch,  in  consideration  thereof,  granted  and  released  unto  the  said  Ffinyne,  one-third 
part  of  the  lands  of  Pollneromy,  Gortetlevey,  Parke  ne  Toriny,  part  and  parcell  of 
the  quarter  of  land  of  Cnocknecaragh,  and  a  rateable  proportion  of  the  said  John 

Whaley's 


26l 

Whaley's  interest  in  the  moiety  of  Mincloone,  (Domnick  Browne  of  Carrabrowne  & 
Richard  Martine's  interest  therein  always  foreprized  and  excepted)  and  also  a  propor- 
tion of  the  quarter  of  land  of  Rahune,  lying  on  the  left  hand  of  the  King's  high-way 
leading  to  Barney ;  and  then  in  the  occupation  of  Lisagh  Hallorane,  all  situate  in  the 
west  liberties  of  Galway.  To  hold  the  same  to  the  said  Ffynine  his  heirs  and  assigns, 
for  ever.  Witness  Thady  Mc  Namara — Dominick  Halloran — George  Halloran — An- 
drew Ffrenche. 

"On  15th  Feb.  1709,  the  same  Feenine  Halloran  demised  to  William  Brock  of 
Glanineagh,  C°.  Clare,  one-third  part  of  Poulnaruma  and  TiefgarrafF ;  which  the  said 
Feenine  held  in  common  with  his  nephew  Myles  Halloran,  together  with  the  said 
Feenine's  proportion  of  Mincloone,  for  31  years  at  the  yearly  rent  of  £6  10s.  ster- 
ling— Regd.  13th  May  17 18." 

Since  that  time,  the  O'Halloran  family  has  lost  even  those  remnants  of  its  ancient 
inheritance.  Individuals  of  the  name  still  abound  in  Iar-Connaught  and  the  western 
islands ;  but,  with  very  few  exceptions,  they  are  all  reduced  to  a  state  of  poverty. 

NOTE  U.     See  page  69,  Note  q.     "  The  Craft  of  evill  spirits." 
"  William  Sacheverell,  Esq.  late  Governour  of  Man,"  who  was  contemporary  with 
our  author,in  his  account  of  that  island  (London,  8vo.,  1 702),  and  of  "  some  remarkable 
things  there,  in  a  letter  to  Mr.  Joseph  Addison  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxon"  (the  well- 
known  writer  in  the  Spectator),  speaking  of  the  "  light  generally  seen  at  People's 
Deaths,"  says,  p.  15,  "I  have  some  Assurances  so  probable,  that  I  know  not  how  to  disbe- 
lieve them.''''  The  Governor  then  givesan  instance,  of  the  truth  of  which  he  was  "  assured 
by  a  Man  of  great  Integrity,"  and  thus  continues  :  "Whether  those  fancies  proceed 
from  Ignorance,  Superstition,  or  Prejudice  of  Education,  or  from  any  traditional  or 
heritable  Magic,  which  is  the  opinion  of  the  Scotch  Divines  concerning  their  second 
sight,  or  whether  Nature  has  adapted  the  organs  of  some  Persons  for  discerning  of 
Spirits,  is  not  for  me  to  determine,  since  I  design  the  whole  for  an  Introduction  to  a 
Story  which  happened  in  the  year  1690,  upon  the  late  King's  going  into  Ireland,  of  a 
little  Boy  then  scarce  8  years  old,  who  frequently  told  the  Family  in  which  he  lived, 
of  two  fine  Gentlemen  who  daily  Convers'd  with  him,   and  gave  him  Victuals,  and 
something  out  of  a  Bottle,  of  a  greenish   Colour,  and  sweet  taste,   to  drink.     This 
making  a  Noise,  the  present  Deemster,  a  Judge  of  the  Island,   a  Man  of  good  Sense 
and  probity,  went  into  the  Mountains  to  see  if  he  could  make  any  Discovery  what 
they  were  ;  he  found  the  Boy,  who  told  him  they  were  sitting  under  a  Hedge  about 
a  Hundred  Yards  from  him.     The  Deemster  bid  the  Boy  ask  them,  why  he  could  not 
see  them,  accordingly  the  Boy  went  to  the  Place,  put  off  his  Cap,  and  made  his  Reve- 
rence, 


262 

rence,  and  returning  said,  It  was  the  Will  of  God  they  should  not  be  Been,  but  the 
Gentlemen  were  sorry  for  his  Incredulity.  The  Deemster  pull'd  a  Crown-piece  out 
of  his  Pocket,  and  ask'd  the  Boy  what  it  was ;  the  Boy  answer'd  he  could  not  tell,  he 
bade  him  ask  the  Gentlemen;  the  Boy  went  as  before,  and  returning  told  him,  they 
said  it  was  silver,  but  that  they  shew'd  him  a  great  deal  of  such  silver,  and  much 
yellow  Silver  besides.  Another  day  a  Neighbouring  Minister  went  into  the  Moun- 
tains, the  Boy  told  him  they  were  in  a  Barn  hard  by,  exercising  the  Pike  :  he  went 
to  the  door  of  the  Barn,  and  saw  a  Pitch- fork  moving  with  all  the  proper  Postures  of 
Exercise,  upon  which  rushing  into  the  Barn  the  Fork  wa-  struck  to  the  roof,  and  no 
Person  to  be  seen.  Another  day  the  Boy  came  and  told  Captain  Stevenson  that  one 
of 'em  came  with  his  hand  Bloody,  and  said  he  had  been  in  a  Battle  in  Ireland  ;  the 
Captain  mark'd  the  day,  and  tho'  they  had  no  News  in  mar  a  Month  after,  it  agreed 
exactly  with  the  time  Colonel  Woohley  had  given  the  Irish  a  considerable  Defeat  I 
could  give  you  an  hundred  other  Instances  during  their  stay,  which  was  al>ove  t 
Month,  but  at  last  the  King  came  with  his  Fleet  into  Ramsey  Bay.  which  one  of  them 
telling  the  other  before  the  Boy,  he  answer'd,  it  was  well  the  King  wa<  there  in  Per- 
son, for  had  he  sent  never  so  many  Generals,  hi-  Affaire  would  not  Prosper;  and 
speaking  to  the  Boy,  told  him  they  must  now  go  with  the  Kin-  into  Ireland  ;  that 
he  might  tell  the  People  of  the  bland,  there  wou'd  be  a  Battle  fought  betwixt  Mid- 
summer and  St.  Columbus  Day,  upon  which  the  future  Fortune  of  Ireland  would 
depend,  which  exactly  agreed  with  the  Action  of  thi  That  the  War  would 

last   10  or  n  Years,  according  to  one  Information,  or  12  or  13  according  to  another, 
(which  is  the  only  Variation  I  could  observe  in  the  whole  Story)  the  Boy  I  ry 

young,  and  having  forgot  great  Part  of  it  himself  before  I  came  into  the  Island  :  but 
that  in  the  end  King  William  would  be  Victorious  cm  t  all  hi-  Enemies     He  that 
considers  the  Youth,   and  Ignorance  of  the  Boy,  which  rendered  him  incapable  of 
carrying  on  an  Imposture,  must  needs  allow  there  is  something  uncommon  i*  d.  <  1 
there  had  been  a  Conspiracy  of  all  the  best  of  the  People  to  deceive  me.  and  even- 
Person  mentioned  is  still  living,  and  ready  to  attest  (if  need  require)  upon  Oath  what 
I  have  alledg'd.     For  myself  lean  assure  you  I  have  transmitted  it  with  the  uti. 
fidelity,  tho' much  short  of  my  Original   Information,  and  only  beg  you  to  a 
the  whole  as  a  Testimony  of  the  Real  Esteem  of  Sir,  your  most  humble  servan:.  W 
Sacheverell." 

Boldly  as  our  good  governor  had  inveighed  against  "Ignorance.  Superstition,  and  Pre- 
judice of  Education"  in  the  beginning  of  his  letter,  it  i-  evident  that,  towards  the  end  of 
it,  his  own  credulity  became  sadly  bewildered.  FromSpeetator  No.  1 10,  it  may  be  inferred 
that  the  enlightened  Addison  himself  believed  the  narrative,  and  even  alluded  to  it  in 

the 


263 

the  following  words.  "  Could  I  not  give  myself  up  to  this  general  testimony  of  man- 
kind, I  should  to  the  relations  of  particular  persons  who  are  now  living,  and  whom  I 
cannot  distrust  in  other  matters  of  fact."  The  learned  priest  Verstegan,  who  belonged 
to  the  generation  before  our  author,  in  his  "  Restitution  of  decayed  Intelligence,"  p.  85, 
has  related  an  occurrence  which  he  also  seems  to  have  firmly  believed,  viz.  "  A  most 
true  and  maruelous  strange  accident  of  the  pide  piper,  that  hapened  in  Saxony  not 
many  ages  past;  which  great  wonder  hapned  at  Hamel  in  Brunswicke  on  the  22  day  of 
July  in  the  yeare  of  our  Lord  1376."  These  instances  may  suffice  to  shew  that  other 
learned  men  have  agreed  with  our  author  in  opinion,  that  "  the  craft  of  evill  spirits  is 
more  than  our  judgements  can  sound  out."  Ware  gravely  ridicules  O'Brasil,  and  those, 
qui  "  oleam  et  operam  perdiderunt"  in  search  of  it. — Antiq.  c.  xxviii. 

See  ante,  p.  20,  note  (u)  for  the  celebrated  Mananan,  the  son  of  Lir,  who  gave  name 
to  the  isle  of  Man,  as  we  are  informed  by  some  of  the  learned  historians  of  that  "  king- 
dom;" and  who  further  state,  that  the  old  Statute  Book  of  Man  describes  him  thus: 
"  Mananan  Mac  Ler,  the  first  man  who  held  Man,  was  ruler  thereof,  and  after  whom  the 
land  was  named,  reigned  many  years,  and  was  a  paynim :  he  kept  the  land  under  mists 
by  his  necromancy.  If  he  dreaded  an  enemy,  he  would  of  one  man  cause  to  seem  one 
hundred,  and  that  by  art  magic."  But  see  Mac  Firbis's  account  of  the  Belgse  of  Ireland, 
preserved  in  MS.  in  the  library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  Dublin,  which  states,  that 
old  authorities  relate,  that  the  inhabitants  of  the  isle  of  Man  sprung  from  Beothach,  son 
of  Iartas,  and  from  Semians  and  Fergus  the  red-sided.  "  a  oepio  pleacca  ele,  piol 
6heocaij  mic  lapccnp,  ajup  piol  Semianp,  ajup  piol  Peapjupa  lecoepcc  ipeao 
pud  i  TOanuinn."  According  to  Orosius,  Man  was  first  inhabited  by  the  Scots  of  Ire- 
land. Even  still,  many  of  their  adventurous  descendants  resort  thither,  and,  no  doubt, 
are  much  indebted  to  the  "  Mists.'1''  But  this  appears  to  have  been  the  case  from  the 
earliest  period,  "  in  earn  tamquam  in  asylum  Ultonienses  confluxerunt." — Gratian. 
Luc.   12. 

NOTE  V.     Seepage  82,  note, 8.     "  Rats." 
The  following  curious  communication,  on  the  subject  of  this  note,  is  taken  from  the 
original,  preserved  in  the  Manuscript  Library,  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  B.  I.  1.  3.  p.  316. 

"  To  Dr.  Molineauz  at  his 
House  in  Dublin. 

"  DonegaU  the  gth  of  June  1708. 
"  Sir, 

"  Altho  I  have  delayed  writing  to  you,  yet  I  have  not  forgot  my  promise :  I 
thought  it  better  that  the  account  I  send  you  should  be  slow  than  lame,  rather  tedious 
when  it  comes,  than  imperfect. 

"  I  have 


264 

"  I  have  made  dilligent  inquiry  about  Ratts  in  this  Country :  and  find,  that  it  is 
certain  (there  being  no  reason  why  the  whole  country  should  deceive  me  in  an  affair  of 
this  nature,  wherein  they  can  have  no  interest  to  tell  a  lye)  that  there  is  a  con-iderable 
tract  of  Land  about  Donegall  wherein  there  is  not  one  Ratt,  tho'  Ballyshannon  on  the 
one  hand,  and  Killybeggs  on  the  other,  the  first  ten,  and  the  latter  1 2  mile-  distant  from 
it,  have  enough  to  send  Colonies  to  the  adjacent  Countries.     This  is  the  mi  1 
because  Donegall  is  a  sea  port  town,  as  well  as  the  other  two,  tho'  not  near  so  much 
frequented  by  ships:  but  such  as  ships  come  to,  even  sometimes  now,  tho  former! . 
am  told)  it  had  greater  trade.     I  have  seen  one  or  two  ships  there,  which  might  easily 
have  left  some  ratts  for  breed,  for  they  say  generally  ships  have  enough  of  that  Cargo 
to  spare.     So  that  notwithstanding  Donegall  is  not  so  much  frequented  with  bhipping, 
yet  there  has  not  been  opportunities  wanting  for  rats  to  come  thither  from  shij 
tis  well  known,  that  in  the  time  of  the  wars,  the  Grayhound  Man-of-War,  which  wanted 
not  rats  (as  is  probable)  lay  sometimes  in  the  river  not  above  halfe  a  mile  from  Done- 
gall, which  place  they  might  safely  goe  to  from  the  ship,  which  i-  cu-tomary  to 
animals.  But  it  is  not  only  the  town  of  Donegall  that  is  blessed  with  tin  1'  that 

vermin,  the  whole  Parish  of  Drumholm.  and  two  or  three  more  of  tin-  adjacent  Pa: 
pertake  of  the  same  happiness,  tho'  they  have  tin-  in  common  with  other  places,  that 
they  are  alike  pestered  with  mice.  I  was  at  first  doubt  full  whither  or  no  Ballyshan- 
non  and  Killybeggs  had  Rats,  but  now  I  have  gott  a  perticular  account  from  Henry 
Caldwell  Esqr.  a  considerable  merchant  who  is  eldest  son  to  Sr  James  Caldwell,  that  he 
has  had  damage  done  him  by  rats  in  his  store-house  at  Killybeggs,  and  an  intel 
person  told  me,  that  about  a  fortnight  before  this,  at  Killybeggs,  he  was  disturbed  all 
night  by  ratts,  and  saw  severall  in  the  morning,  for  they  were  bo  bold,  that  they  ran 
about  the  Bed,  and  for  demonstration  that  there  are  many  at  Ballyshannon  Mr.  Cald- 
well told  me  a  very  odd  story,  viz.  thai  the  men  who  take  car*  lerable  salmon 
fishing,  which  he  farms  from  the  Lord  Folliott,  do  Prophesie  whither  there  will  be  few 
or  many  salmon  catcht  that  year,  by  the  number  of  rats  tiny  see  upon  a  little  Island  in 
the  river,  where  they  make  up  their  fish.  So  if  they  see  many  rats  they  expect  many 
salmon,  if  few  Rats  they  Conclude  they  will  take  but  a  few  fi>h.  I  do  not  mention 
this  as  if  there  was  any  thing  to  be  depended  on  as  to  the  ol  the  persons 
concerned  in  the  fishing,  tho  theyT  build  much  upon  it,  but  I  give  it  a-  an  instance  that 
there  are  Rats  in  abundance  at  Ballyshannon,  tho  they  do  not  come  within  2  or  3 
miles  of  my  house,  which  is  not  above  five  or  six  at  i'urthest  from  Ballyshannon. 

"  As  to  the  other  Story  which  you  have  heard,  concerning  some  part  of  the  Bar 
of  Boylogh  and  Bannogh  viz,  that  Cattle  cannot  five  there  in  summer.  I  can  find  no 
great  matter  in  it.     It  is  sandy  ground,  as  I  am  told,  and  I  believe  little  grass  grows 

there 


265 

there  in  a  dry  summer,  and  perhaps  there  may  be  unwholesome  herbs  amongst  it,  this 
makes  the  people  drive  off  their  cattle  in  summer,  and  by  that  means  they  have  top 
grass  in  the  winter.  I  am  apt  to  believe  that  all  sandy  ground  is  much  of  the  same 
nature,  for  I  observe  that  my  own  cattle  do  not  much  love  to  stay  upon  a  sandy  warren 
that  is  near  their  pasture.  I  suppose  it  is  for  the  same  reason  that  the  cattle  do  not 
thrive  in  the  Rosses  (that  is  the  name  of  the  place)  in  summer,  so  I  apprehend  no  great 
matter  in  the  relation,  but  if  you  think  it  worth  a  more  exact  scrutiny,  at  any  time,  I 
shall  be  ready  to  obey  your  commands. 

"  This,  sir,  is  a  tedious  letter,  but  I  choose  rather  to  be  impertinent  than  defective. 
Could  I  be  so  happie  as  to  be  able  to  serve  you,  you  should  always  find  how  ready  I 
would  be  to  show  how  much  I  am,  sir,  your  most  affec''  humble  servant, 

"  Tho.  Wadman." 

NOTE  W.  See  page  84,  note  m.  "  Athenry." 
This  town  was  founded  by  a  colony  of  Anglo-Norman  settlers,  who  were  brought 
thither  shortly  before  the  middle  of  the  thirteenth  century,  by  the  De  Burgos ;  and  from 
that  time  until  towards  the  close  of  the  sixteenth  century,  it  was  a  place  of  considerable 
importance  in  the  west  of  Ireland.  In  A.  D.  1249,  a  battle  was  fought  here  between 
the  Irish  and  English,  of  which  the  following  account  is  given  in  the  Annals  of  Clon- 
macnois,  as  translated  by  Conly  Mac  Geoghegan,  and  preserved  in  the  MS.  Library 
of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  F.  3.  19. 

"  A.  D.  1249.  The  [Irisli\  nobility  of  Connaught  went  to  Athenrie  to  prey  and 
spoile  that  towne,  on  the  day  of  our  Lady  the  blessed  Virgin  Mary,  in  the  middest  of 
harvest.  There .  were  a  great  armye,  with  Terlaugh  mac  Hugh.  The  sheriff  of 
Connoght  with  many  Englishmen  were  in  the  said  towne  before  them.  The  sheriff 
and  Englishmen  desired  them,  in  honnor  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary,  whose  day  then 
was,  to  forbeare  with  them  that  day,  which  the  said  Irish  nobility  refused  to  give  any 
respect,  either  in  honor  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  or  holly  roode.  They  assaulted  the 
town  against  the  will  of  the  said  Terlaugh,  which  Jordan  de  Exetra  the  sheriffe  and 
Englishmen  seeing,  they  rushed  forthe  to  meet  with  the  said  Irishmen,  where  the  Virgin 
Mary  wrought  miraculouslye  against  the  said  nobillity.  When  the  Irish  nobility  saw  the 
Englishmen,  and  horsemen  well  appoynted  with  harnish,  armes  and  shirts  of  mail,  make 
towards  them,  they  were  daunted  and  affrighted  at  theire  sight,  and  presently  discom- 
fitted.  Hugh  mac  Hugh  O'Connor  was  killed  in  that  presence.  Dermott  Roe  mac 
Cormach  O'Melaghlen,  the  two  sonnes  of  O'Kellie,  Bryen  and  Dery  mac  Manus, 
Carick  an  Tivall  mac  Neale  O'Connor,  Brithgalagh  mac  Keigan,  the  sons  of  Dermott 
Backagh  O'Connor,  the  two  sones  of  Loghlyn  O'Connor,  Daniel  mac  Cormack  mac  Der- 
irish  arch.  soc.   15.  2  M  moda 


266 

moda,  Finanagh  mac  Braiman,  Cowmowan  mac  Cassurley,  with  many  more,  were  killed 
in  that  place."     See  also  the  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters,  at  the  same  year. 

This  victory  gave  confidence  to  the  new  settlers,  and  the  town  consequently  in- 
creased. On  14th  October,  1 3 10,  a  murage  charter  was  granted  to  the  bailiffs  and  good 
men  of  Athnery  (Athenry)  empowering  them,  for  three  year^  from  the  then  feast  of 
St.  Luke  the  Evangelist,  to  levy  and  take  the  customs  therein  specified,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  enclosing  the  town  with  a  stone  wall. — Rot.  Pat.  3,  4  Edw.  IL  m.  3.  This  is 
one  of  the  earliest  Anglo-Norman  documents  of  the  kind  now  remaining  on  record  in 
Ireland.  The  commodities  specified  in  it,  and  the  customs  chargeable  on  them,  are 
here  extracted : 

"  De  quolibet  crannoco  cujuscunque  generis  bladi  venali,  unum  obulum — de  quo- 
libet  crannoco  salis,  unum  quadrantem;  de  quolibet  equo  vel  eqoa,  hobimo,  bate  vel 
vacca  venali,  unum  obulum ;  de  quolibet  carcasio  bovis  vel  vacce  venali,  unum  obulum ; 
de  quolibet  corio  bovis  vel  vacce,  hobbini,  equi  vel  eque,  frisco,  salsato,  aut  tannato,  unum 
quadrantem;  de  quinque  baconibus,  unum  denarium;  de  decern  ovibus  vel  caprie,  unum 
denarium;  de  quinque ^ora's  unum  denarium;  de  decern  agnis  unum  obulum;  de  qua- 
libet  centena  pellium  ovium  tanatarum  vel  schorlingorum,  duos  denarios ;  de  qualibet 
centena pellium  agnorum,  caprarum,  leporum,  cuniculorcm.  mdpwm,  Mftrw  sea  squir- 
rellorum  unum  obulum  ;  de  qualibet  centena  pellium  eervorum,  bi&arum,  damorum  vel 
damarum,  unum  denarium;  de  qualibet  centena  Pa nni  hibernici,  quatuor  de:. 
de  qualibet  centena  linee  tele,  duos  denarios;  de  quolibet  Panno  integro  ang/icauo  cujus- 
cunque coloris,  duos  denarios;  de  quolibet  Panm  hibernico  integro,  unum  obulum  ;  de 
qualibet  folynga,  unum  quadrantem;  de  quolibet  dolio  vini,  quatuor  denarios;  de  qua- 
libet centena  ferri,  quatuor  denarios;  de  qualibet  centena  de  canabo,  quatuor  denarios; 
de  quolibet  salmone,  unum  quadrantem,  de  qualibet  lampreda,  unum  quadrantem;  de 
qualibet  pisa  uncti,  cepi,  butiri  et  casei,  unum  denarium ;  de  qualibet  carrectata  de 
tandust,  unum  denarium;  de  qualibet  carrectata  maeremii,  unum  obulum:  de  qualibet 
carrectata  bosci,  unum  quadrantem;  de de  qualibet  centena  cere,  quatuor  de- 
narios ;  de  quolibet  sumagio  mellis,  unum  denarium ;  de ;  de  qualibet  centena  de 

Verdegris,  vel  alterius  cujuscunque  coloris,  duos  denarios  j  de  duobus  millibus  ceparum, 
unum  obulum;  de  qualibet  meysia  alkcum,  unum  denarium;  de  quolibet  summagio 
piscis  maris,  frisci  vel  salsati,  unum  obulum ;  de  duobus  miliarum  quorumcunque  da- 
vorum,  unum  denarium;  de  qualibet  centena ferroru hi  equormn  et  clicorum  ad  carrec- 

tas,  unum  denarium;  de  qualibet  centena ,  unum  obulum;  de  qualibet  centena 

piscis  sicci,  unum  denarium ;  de  qualibet  centena  a ngulllurum,  unum  quadrantem;  de 
decern  petris  canabi,  unum  quadrantem ;  de  qualibet  centena  de  tes/is,  unum  denarium ; 
de  qualibet  centena  cujuscunque eris  vel  cupri  opera ta  vel  non  opera ta.  qua- 
tuor 


267 

tuor  denarios ;  de  qualibet  pari  roiarum  ad  carectas,  unum  obulum ;  de  duabus  solidatis 
cujuscunque  mercimonii  quod  non  nominatur  in  litteris  istis,  unum  obulum." — Rot. 
Pat.  ut  supra. 

In  A.  D.  131 6,  another  battle  was  fought  near  Athenry  between  the  natives  and  the 
settlers,  in  which  the  former  were  again  signally  defeated.  This  battle  is  described  in 
the  unpublished  Annals  of  Clonmacnoise  before  referred  to,  as  follows.  "  A.  D.  13 16. 
Ffelym  O'Connor  heareing  of  the  returne  of  William  Burke  to  Conaught  from  Scotland, 
he  proclaimed  that  all  his  people  from  all  parts  where  they  were,  with  such  as  would 
joyn  with  them,  wou'd  gather  together,  to  banish  William  Burke  from  out  of  Conaught,  at 
whose  command  all  the  Irishrie  of  Conaught  from  Easroe  to  Shew  Veghty  or  Eighty 
were  obedient  to  him,  and  came  to  that  place  of  meeting.  Donnogh  O'Bryan,  prince  of 
Thomond,  O'Melaghlen  king  of  Meath,  O'Roirk  of  the  Breifnie,  O'Fferall  chieftaine 
of  the  Annalie  called  the  Convackne,  Teige  O'Kelly  king  of  Imanie,  with  many  others 
of  the  nobility  of  Ireland,  came  to  this  assembly,  and  marched  towards  Athenrie  to 
meet  with  William  Burk,  the  lord  Bremingham  and  others,  the  English  of  the  province 
of  Conaught,  where  they  mett,  and  gave  battle  in  a  place  neare  the  said  towne,  in  which 
battle  the  Irish  men  were  discomfitted  and  quite  overthrone. 

"Ffelym  O'Connor  king  of  Conaught  was  therein  killed,  alsoe  Teige  O'Kelly,  king 
of  Imanie,  and  eight  and  twenty  of  the  chiefest  of  that  familie,  Magnus  mc  Donell 
O'Connor  tanist  of  all  Conaught,  Art  O'Hara  prince  of  Swynie,  Melaghlen  Carragh 
O'Dowdye,  Conor  oge  O'Dowdye,  Murtagh  Mc  Connor  O'Dowdye,  Dermott  mc  Dermott 
tanist  of  Moylorge,  Mortagh  mc  Tachleagh  mc  Dermoda,  Mortagh  mc  Dermoda  mc  Ffe- 
rall,  Mullronye  oge  mc  Magnussa,  John  mc  Murogh  O'Madden,  Donnell  O'Boylle, 
Donnell  mc  Hugh  mc  Conchenan  prince  of  the  O'Dermotts,  and  his  brother  Mortagh, 
Donnogh  O'Moylloye  of  Ferkeall  with  his  people,  the  sone  of  Murrogh  O'Manon  and  a 
hundred  of  his  people,  Neale  Ffox,  prince  of  Teaffa  men  with  his  people,  Ferall  m°  John 
Galda  O'Ferall,  Wm.  Mc  Hugh  oge  O'Fferall,  Thomas  mc  Awley  O'Fferall,  five  of  the  fa- 
mine of  the  Mc  Donoughes,  viz.  Tomaltagh,  Murrogh  Murtagh,  Connor  Mortagh,  and 
Melaughlen  m°Donnough,  John  mac  Kiegan,  O'Connor's  chiefe  judge,  Conor  and  Gil- 
lernew,  the  sons  of  Dalere-docker  O'Develen,  the  men  called  fear-imchar-nehonchon, 
Thomas  O'Connolan  of  the  kings  guard,  all  which  persons  with  many  others  of  Mounster, 
Meath  and  Conaught  (which  were  tedious  to  resite)  were  slaine  in  that  battle,  as  a  cer- 
taine  Irish  poet  pittifully  in  an  Irish  verse  said — 

"  IDop  mac  pij  nac  abpaim  a  amm,  bo  mapba  lp  an  mop  maioin, 
Oo  plua5  mi6e  lp  muman,  cpi'iaj  lem  cpioi  in  carujao, 

"  This  battle  was  given  upon  the  day  of  Saint  Lawrence  the  Martyre,  Felym  O'Con- 
nor then  being  but  of  the  age  of  2  3  years;  in  the  fifth  year  of  whose  reign,  Bowrye 

2  M  2  mcCahall 


268 


mc  Cahall  roe  O'Connor  (before  mentioned)  deposed  him  for  one  half  yeare  who  Voting 
killed  as  before  is  declared,  Ffelym  succeeded  for  another  half  yeare,  untill  he  was  slaine 
at  Athenrye  aforesaid."     See  also  the  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters  at  A.  D.  1 316. 

For  more  than  two  centuries  after  this  decisive  engagement,  Athenry  continued  tc 
increase  in  wealth  and  population;  but  about  the  middle  of  the  sixteenth  century  it 
began  to  decline.  The  causes  of  its  decay  are  well  described  in  the  following  extract 
of  a  letter  from  Sir  Henry  Sydney,  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland,  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  20th 
Aprill,  A.  D.  1567,  which  appears  in  voL  i.  p.  90,  of"  Letters  and  Memorials  of  State," 
published  by  Arthur  Collins,  Lond.  Fo.  1 747  :  "  From  thence  I  went  to  your  Hi. 
towne  of  Galowaye,  the  state  whereof  I  found  rather  to  resemble  a  Towne  of  Warre, 
fronteringe  upon  an  Enemye,  then  a  civill  Towne  in  a  Countrie  under  one  Soveraigne. 
They  watche  their  Walls  nightelie,  and  gard  their  Gates  daielie  with  armed  Men.  They 
complayned  much  of  the  Warres  of  Mac  William  Exeter  and  Oflartye  again^te  the  Erie 
of  Clanrycardes  two  Sonnes  which  he  hath  by  two  Wives  and  both  alive,  and  the. 
yonge  Boyes  in  the  Lief  of  ther  Father,  yet  likelie  long  to  live,  doe  strive  who  shall* 
their  Father's  Heire,  and,  in  the  same  Strife  comitte  no  small  spoiles  and  damage  to 
the  Countrie.     From  thense  I  travelled  thoroughe  a  greate  and  an  aunciente  Tovrne  in 

Connoghte  called  Anrye.  {Athenry) The  Towne  is  large  and  well  walled,  and  it  ap- 

perith  by  Matter  of  Record  there  hath  be  in  it  three  hundred  good  Hovr<eholdert,  and, 
since  I  knewe  this  Land  there  was  twentie,  and  now  I  finde  but  /over,  and  they  poor, 
and  as  I  write  readie  to  leave  the  Place.  The  Crye  and  Lamentation  of  the  poor  Pe<  pie 
was  greate  and  pityefull,  and  nothinge  but  thus,  Succor,  Succor,  Succor.  The  Erie  ol 
Clanricarde  could  not  denye  but  that  he  helde  a  hevie  Hande  over  them.  For  which 
I  ordered  him  to  make  them  some  Recompence,  and  bounde  him  Dot  t<>  exacte  upon 
them  hereafter." 

This  "  pityefull"  appeal  does  not  appear  to  have  had  any  effect,  for  the  "  greate 
and  auncient  Towne"  of  Athenry  still  continued  to  decay.  Sir  Henry  Sydney,  alter  a 
lapse  of  nine  years,  again  visited  the  place;  and,  in  a  dispatch  to  the  lords  of  the  Coun- 
cil in  England,  dated  28th  April,  1576,  contained,  vol.  1.,  p.  102.  of  the  "  Letters  and 
Memorials  of  State"  before  referred  to,  he  writes  as  follows :  "  After  I  had  remayued 
in  Galway  three  whole  Weeks,  I  departed  from  thence  the  x.\iitb  oi  Marclie.  and  passed 
thorough  Athenrie,  the  most  wofall  Spectacle  that  ever  I  looked  on  in  any  of  the  Qtuen't 
Dominions,  totally  burned,  Colledge,  Parishe  Churehe.  and  all  that  was  there,  by  the 
Earles  Sonnes;  yet  the  Mother  of  one  oftheim  was  buried  in  the  Churehe.  1  tokc 
Order  for  the  Reedifinge  of  the  Towne,  and  the  Woorke  is  begonne:  and  I  have  taxed 
for  the  Satisfienge  of  the  old  Inhabitants  indifferently  upon  that  Countrie.  w 
the  Abilities  of  eche  Person,  and  the  Qualitie  of  their  Fawlte.  as  I  thought  m<  - 

sonable : 


269 

sonable ;  which  shalbe  confirmed  and  ratified  by  Order  of  Commissioners  authorized 
under  the  greate  Seale,  accordinge  to  the  Meaninge  of  her  Majesties  Lettre  graunted  to 
theim  of  Athenrie,  and  the  Somme  of  this  Taxation  amounteth  to  twoe  Thowsand 
Pounde :  and  I  doubt  not  to  levye  it,  and  the  rather,  for  that  the  Earle  is  entred  into  band 
of  v.  M.  l.  [£5000]  to  see  as  well  this  performed,  as  the  first  Order  taken  at  Lymericke 
agaynst  his  Sonnes  in  my  Predicessors  Tyme.  I  have  cut  the  Towne  almost  into  two 
equal  Partes,  it  beinge  before  full  as  bigge,  with  a  faier  high  Wall,  as  the  Towne  of  Cal- 
lyce.  I  tooke  from  the  Earle,  the  better  to  answere  the  Expectation  of  the  People, 
twoe  principall  Castells  and  Keys  of  strength  ;  the  one  called  the  Castle  of  Bellane- 
slowe,  which  standeth  betwixt  Qalway  and  Athenrie;  the  other  called  Clare,  and 
seated  betwixt  Galway  and  Mac  William  Ewghters  Countrie  ;  and  by  this  Kind  of 
Proceedinge,  having  greatlye  satisfied  the  old  Inhabitaunts  of  Athenrie." 

The  works  directed  by  the  Lord  Deputy  "  for  the  reedifinge  of  the  towne,"  had 
scarcely  commenced,  before  it  was  again  attacked  by  the  "  Earle's  Sonnes."  "  They 
took  and  sacked  it,  destroyed  the  few  houses  wch  were  lately  built  there,  set  the 
new  gates  on  fire,  dispersed  the  masons  and  labourers  who  were  working,  and 
broke  down  and  defaced  the  queen's  arms." — Hist.  Galway,  p.  87.  See  also  the  same 
work,  p.  94,  for  further  proceedings  taken  in  A. D.  1584,  "to  rebuild  and  improve" 
Athenry.  But  this  ill-fated  town  was  yet  to  experience  further  vicissitudes.  In  A.  D. 
1596,  the  celebrated  Irish  chieftain  of  Tirconnell,  Hugh  Ruadh  (or  the  Red)  O'Donnell, 
made  a  predatory  incursion  into  Connaught,  where  he  committed  much  devastation, 
and  in  his  progress  took  and  destroyed  Athenry.  The  following  translated  extract 
from  the  "  Life"  of  that  extraordinary  man,  preserved  in  MS.  in  the  library  of  the 
Royal  Irish  Academy,  details  the  particulars  of  that  transaction : 

"  A.D.  1596. 
"  O  Donel  appointed  Mac  William  Burke  (Theobald a)  to  meet  him  at  Athenry,  and 
he  came  accordingly.  That  town  lies  a  short  distance  to  the  East  of  Ath-cliath  Mea- 
dhruidheb.  It  was  a  powerful  fortress  and  difficult  of  attack.  On  that  occasion  the 
(Irish)  soldiers  assaulted  the  fort,  and  cast  fire  and  firebrands  at  the  gates  on  all  sides, 
and  burned  all  the  wooden  defences  of  that  strong  fortress  on  the  outside.  They  then 
took  scaling  ladders,  and,  placing  them  against  the  walls  and  battlements  of  the  fort, 
ascended  to  the  top  of  the  high,  thick,  strong,  fortress.  Some  of  them  leaped  from 
the  battlements  down  on  the  streets,  and  maintained  their  ground,  though  many  of 

their 

a  This  was  Theobald,  first  Viscount  Mayo,  better  b  A  place  now  called  Maaree,  about  six  miles 

known  to  his  countrymen  by  the  name  of  "  Tibbott       S.  E.  of  Galway. 
na  long,"  Theobald  of  the  Ships. 


270 

their  best  heroes  were  wounded  in  a  sharp  conflict.  The  gates  were  instantly  forced 
open  by  the  host,  who  pressed  forward  to  the  centre  of  the  castle  ;  and  proceeded  to 
break  open  the  stores,  the  well-guarded  apartments,  and  strongly  secured  bed-chambers. 
They  remained  in  the  castle  until  they  stripped  it  of  all  the  riches  and  treasures  which 
it  contained.  They  destroyed  the  entire  fortress ;  but  the  people  of  the  Queen  made 
great  havoc  of  those  who  attacked  that  royal  castle.  Numerous  and  invaluable  were 
the  spoils  of  every  kind  taken  in  that  fortress,  of  riches  and  treasures  of  brass  and  iron, 
of  armour  and  cloathing,  and  of  every  thing  necessary  and  useful  to  the  people  therein, 
which  they  had  previously  collected.  O'Donel  and  his  host  remained  in  the  town  that 
night,  and  evacuated  it  in  the  morning,  after  stripping  it  of  every  thing  valuable.  And 
they  then  sent  their  scouts  and  scouring  parties  to  prey  Clanrickard,  on  both  sides  of 
the  river."     See  also  the  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters  at  the  same  year. 

The  day  after  O'Donnel  had  thus  stormed  and  plundered  Athenry,  the  Earl  of 
Clanricarde  dispatched  the  following  report  to  the  Lord  Deputy : 

"  Lough  Reogk,  Jan*.  16"  1596. 
"  My  very  good  Lord, 

"  May  it  please  your  lordship  to  be  advertised,  that  this  15th  of  Januarv 
Hugh  Eoe  O'Donnell,  Tibbott  Bourke  Mc  Walter  Kyttagh.  with  many  others  of  their 
adherents  of  Ulster,  and  of  this  province,  came  into  this  countrie  of  Clanricard,  with 
3000  foot  and  200  horse,  and  burned  and  spoyled  thone  half  of  the  country,  and  assaulted 
divers  castles  therein,  but  wone  none  of  any  account  as  yet,  and  divers  of  their  men 
were  killed  and  hurt  about  the  castles  ;  they  have  entered  Athenree,  where  thev 
encamped  the  last  night,  whether  they  got  the  castle  or  not,  is  more  than  I  vet  heard. 
They  report  that  they  will  remain  in  Clanricard  until  after  skrafetyde.  which  they 
may  well  perform  if  forces  be  not  sent  presently  by  your  lordship  to  resist  their 
violence.  The  poor  country  is  so  ruinated  and  brought  to  such  desolation  that  thev 
no  not  how  to  live  for  want  of  releife.  The  enemy's  do  bragge  that  they  will  hue 
seidge  to  my  owne  howses,  which  I  hope  shal  be  to  little  effect ;  although  I  doubt 
divers  other  holds  in  the  country  maie  be  lost  for  want  of  reliefe.  Doubtless  thev  will 
not  leave  any  corn  or  cottage  unburnt  in  three  days  within  the  whole  countr 
which  we  beare,  and  God  willing  will  most  contentedly,  in  respect  that  we  sustain  the 
same  for  our  daily  service  and  due  obedience  to  our  natural  and  most  gracious  prince's, 
from  whom  we  will  never  swerve,  for  any  losses  or  afflictions  whatsoever.  I  have 
sent  to  my  Lord  Thomond  for  his  aj'de,  whose  coming  I  expect  daily,  although  not 
yet  come ;  but  God  knoweth  our  forces  both  are  nothing  in  respect  to  theirs,  but  God 
willing  our  best  endeavours  shall  not  want,  and  still  as  occasion  shall  be  ministered 
your  lordship  shall  be  advertised  thereof;  within  the  meane  time  I  leave  to  your  lord- 
ship 


271 

ship  careful  and  most  honourable  consideration ;  and  humbly  take  leave  from  Lough 
Reogh  the  xvi.th  of  January,  1 596. 

"  Your  Lordship's  most  humble 
at  command, 

"  Clanricarde." 

{From  the  original  in  the  British  Museum,  Cotton.  Lib.  Titus  B.  xiii.] 
The  Mayor  of  Galway  also  made  the  following  communication  : 
"  My  most  humble  duty  remembered,  may  it  please  your  lordship,  Hugh  Roe 
O'Donell,  and  other  the  rebells  of  Tyrconell,  coming  of  late  to  this  province  of  Con- 
naght,  assembleth  with  them,  Tibbott  McWalter  Kittagh  Bourke,  whom  he  made 
Mc. William,  with  all  the  rebells  and  renagates  of  Connaght,  wasted,  burned,  and 
destroyed  this  last  week,  almost  this  whole  countie  of  Galway ;  wherein,  on  Saturday 
last,  they  sallied  Athanrie,  burnt  the  gates  thereof,  and  having  entered  the  same,  after 
continuing  there  one  night,  in  the  morning  sallying  the  castle  there,  and  being  with- 
stood, took  all  the  wall-towers,  and  as  manie  of  the  inhabitants  as  waited  them  they 
withhould  prisoners,  and  put  to  ashes  all  the  rest  of  the  towne,  besides  the  said  castell 
that  resisted  them,  and  the  bodies  of  the  abbey  and  churche ;  and  thence  afterwards 
upon  Sunday  last  at  twilight,  came  to  our  subburbs,  and  sent  a  priest  and  another 
layman  to  our  gates,  then  being  shut,  offering  that  they  would  do  no  harm,  if  we  will 
relieve  them  with  wine  and  other  necessaries,  to  which  we  answered  for  that  night, 
that  we  mistrusted,  O'Donnell  himself  was  so  nigh,  and  if  so  was,  our  auncient  cus- 
tome  hath  been  not  to  open  our  gates  at  night  for  any  affairs,  with  which  the  messen- 
gers departed.  The  next  morrowe  O'Donnell  sent  a  line  under  his  own  hand,  praying 
to  send  him  victuals  and  other  necessaries  for  his  money,  except  powder  and  ammuni- 
tion, otherwise  he  should  annoy  us  the  best  he  could  :  whome  wee  aunsweareth  he 
did  pick  a  quarrell  for  himself  and  the  rest  of  his  associates,  breaking  their  allegiance 
to  their  natural  prince,  destroying  townes,  contrie  and  goods,  of  her  maties  loyall  sub- 
jects ;  that  unless  they  would  revert  to  goodness,  to  God,  their  prince,  and  neighbours, 
we  could  not  afford  them  no  relief.  Upon  return  of  which  answer  he  staid  our  messan- 
ger  till  he  caused  divers  houses  of  our  subjects  to  be  fired;  and  the  wind  being  at 
east  north-east,  right  against  that  side  of  our  town,  hindered  us  much  in  not  disco- 
vering the  enemies  till  the  flame  was  up,  and  then  O'Donell,  Tibott  Bourke  McWilliam, 
M'Dermoud,  and  all  the  chieftaines  that  were  with  them,  being  in  the  Abbey-hill, 
began  to  retire,  and  sent  some  loose  shott  to  play  upon  our  town,  and  being  confrunted 
with  like  loose  shott,  as  the  inimies  thronged  on  this  side  of  the  hill,  a  greate  piece  of 
ordinance  was  by  us  discharged,  which  scattered  them,  and  clustering  again  another 
greater  peece  was  let  flie,  which  utterly  daunted  them,  that  they  retired  so  farr  that 


272 

our  loose  shott  gained  the  hight  of  the  ridg  of  the  hill,  and  saved  the  houses  that  were 
not  burnt,  and  we  heare  the  rebells  had  then  wounded  and  killed  some  vi.  per- 
sons, and  that  night  camping  in  the  farther  part  of  our  ffranchises,  6ent  some 
bands  to  fire  the  houses  that  before  were  rescued  from  them ;  but  before  that  afternoon 
we  discovered  them,  so  that  saving  one  house,  lying  beyond  the  greene,  they  missed  of 
their  purpose,  and  the  day  following  they  burnt  every  vilage  down  to  the  county  of 

Mayo,  and very  well  even  to  the  poole  of  Loghcoirbe  to  leave  nothing  undes- 

turbed,  amongst  which  about  twenty  villages  appertaining  to  us  were  not  pretermitted. 
Their  speeches,  as  wee  understand,  are  very  blasphemous  against  us  and  all  the  rest  of 
her  majesties  constant  subjects,  threatening  they  shall  shortly  be  worst-  usc-d  by  the 
Spaniards,  then  the  poor  inhabitants  of  Athenry  hath  been  used  by  them,  whom  t:. 
left  mother  naked  without  anie  whitt  in  the  world  to  live  on.  And  thus,  &c.  Galway 
the  xix'h  of  Januarie.     Your  L.  most  humble  at  command, 

"  Oliver  oge  French,  Maior." 

[From  the  original  in  the  British  Museum,  ut  supra.'] 

Athenry  never  recovered  from  the  effects  of  these  repeated  outrages.  After  this 
time  it  was  that  the  "  blind  prophesie"  noticed  by  our  author,  p.  8+,  ante,  was  applied 
to  it,  In  A.  D.  1634,  the  following  petition  (now  first  printed  from  the  original  draft 
in  the  Editor's  possession)  was  presented  to  the  Parliament  then  sitting  in  Dublin. 

"  To  the  honorable  the  Knight>.  Cittizens  and 
Burgesses  in  Parliament  assembled. 
"  The  humble  petition  of  the  Portriffe,  Burgesses  and  Comonaltie 
of  Athenry. 
"  Shewinge,  that  wheras  the  Towne  of  Athenry,  being  scituated  in  themidest  of  the 
countie  of  Galway,  was  built  and  fortified  for  defence  in  the  very  beginning  of  the 
conquest  of  this  kingdome,  by  the  first  plantators  of  the  said  county,  and  continued 
in  greate  wealth  and  power,  untill  that  in  ye  tyme  of  the  late  Rebellion.  ye  same  was 
by  the  Rebells  taken  by  suddayne  assalte,  and  was  then  burned  and  sacked,  and  soon 
after  was  infested  with  the  contagious  sicknes  of  the  Plague  which  then  visited  most 
partes  of  this  Kingdome,  since  wch  tyme  the  said  Towne  decayed  in  trade  and  was  dis- 
peopled, untill  y'  by  direction  of  ye  state  and  by  the  consent  of  all  y*  inhabitantes  of 
the  sd  county,  both  for  the  convenience  of  the  scituation,  for  the  ease  of  the  people, 
and  for  the  restoringe  of  that  Towne  to  its  former  state  and  condicion,  it  was  appoynted 
that  the  comon  Gaole  of  the  shire  should  bee  built  and  kept  there;  and  that  the  As- 
sizes, Quarter  Sessions  and  County  courts  should  be  alsoe  houlden  and  kept  t": 
which  accordingely  for  awhile  continued  therein,  in  wch  tyrne  though  very  short  that 
Towne  recovered  soe  much  of  its  former  beauty  y'  without  doubt  it  would  by  this  have 

beene 


*73 

beene  in  a  fayer  and  florishing  estate,  but  by  reason  y'  the  sheriffs,  for  gratuities  or 
some  privat  consideration,  hould  theire  countie  courts  in  divers  obscure  villages,  where 
neyther  lodginges  nor  entertaynments  can  bee  expected ;  and  that,  by  the  favor  of  the 
Custos  Eotulorum  and  of  the  Justices  of  the  peace,  the  quarter  sessions  are  kept  at 
other  places  in  the  said  countie,  and  ye  generall  Assizes  are  alsoe  removed  to  Gallway, 
and  yet  the  said  Gaole  and  prisoners  being  still  left  in  the  said  Towne  of  Athenry,  the 
poore  inhabitants  thereof,  bearinge  the  charge  and  danger  of  the  prisoners,  and  havinge 
noe  benefitt  by  the  courte,  the  said  towne  is  fallen  againe  into  its  fformer  misery  and 
desolation,  out  of  wch  there  is  but  smale  hope  of  rayseinge  it,  unles  yor  honnors  favor 
bee  expended  towards  it.  For  as  much,  therefore,  as  it  is  equall  and  just  that  they 
that  feele  the  burthen  of  the  Gaole,  should  tast  of  the  bennefitt  of  som  of  the  said 
courts ;  and  for  that  by  the  statute  the  county  courts  should  be  kept  in  some  one  cer- 
teyne  place;  and  for  that  the  said  towne  is  well  waled  and  fortified,  and  seated  in  the 
most  convenient  place  of  the  said  county ;  and  for  that  it  would  much  conduce  to  the 
weale  publique  of  the  whole  county  aforesaid,  for  encresinge  of  trade  and  comerce,  to 
have  the  said  towne  well  peopled  and  frequented ;  your  petitioners  most  humbly  pray 
that  the  said  quarter  Sessions,  Assizes  and  county  courts,  by  your  honors  comaund, 
may  bee  continually  kepte  in  the  said  Towne  of  Athenry,  or  els  that  the  said  Gaole 
may  bee  removed  to  some  of  the  townes  where  the  said  Courtes  are  kepte,  And  youre 
petitioners  will  ever  pray,"  &c. — Orig. 

See  p.  196,  ante,  for  a  deed  of  feoffment  by  Philip,  the  son  of  William  Erla,  of  pre- 
misses in  Athenry,  in  A.  D.  1391-  A  coeval  indorsement  on  this  deed,  states  that  the 
grantor  was  called  Bermingham,  "  Carta  de  Brernigham  dicto  Phillipo  Erla.1'  This 
indorsement  seems  to  prove  the  truth  of  an  old  tradition  that  the  sept  of  "  Erla" 
was  a  branch  of  the  Berminghams,  formerly  barons  of  Athenry,  and  the  most  ancient 
Anglo-Norman  barons  of  Ireland.  The  title  is  now  extinct,  or  perhaps  only  in  abey- 
ance. Mr.  Kilroy  of  Galway,  the  respectable  proprietor  of  the  hotel  there,  is  mater- 
nally descended  from  the  Erla  family.  Some  individuals  of  the  name  Erla,  may  still 
be  traced  in  the  vicinity  of  Athenry,  but  sunk  in  poverty.  The  old  "  Cittie"  itself, 
once  the  bulwark  of  the  Anglo-Normans  in  Connaught,  is  now  reduced  to  the  state  of 
an  insignificant  village. 

NOTE  X.     Seepage  105.     "  Abbey  of  Tombeola." 

O'Heyn  and  De  Burgo  have  collected  all  the  information,  probably  extant  in 
Ireland,  respecting  this  old  foundation ;  but  it  is  also  probable  that  further  particu- 
lars may  yet  be  discovered  in  the  Irish  Monastic  Eecords  preserved  in  Rome,  and 
other  parts  of  the  Continent  of  Europe.     Belonging  to  the  same  order  as  Tombeola, 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.  NO.   1 5.  2    N  viz. 


274 


viz.,  that  of  the  Dominicans,  was  "  Our  Lady's  Church"  mentioned  by  our  autl. 
39,  ante.    The  following  unique  compact  relating  to  this  latter  foundation  ha-  been 
transcribed  by  the  Editor,  from  the  Original  still  preserved  in  the  coir. 

"  A.  D.  1651. 
"  This  Indenture  witnesseth,  that  whereas  Saint  Dominick's  abbey  near  Gall  way 
in  the  Weast  Francheses  of  the  same,  commonly  called  Our  Lwly^s  charcft,  in   I 
combustious  and  warlicke  tymes,  is  found  noisome  and  of  dangerous  consequence  to 
the  safety  and  preservation  of  this  Toune  of  Gallway,  if  possessed  by  i  ..<:$,  as 

late  experience  declared  when  the  same  was  possessed  by  The  Lord  Forbous,  and  the 
Parleiment  partie  under  his  conduct.  Whereupon,  the  Mayor,  sherifs,  free  Burgesses 
and  Commonaltye  of  the  said  Towne  of  Gallway,  and  the  Count  ie  of  the  said  Tc 
Gallway,  conceaved  it  necessary  to  pull  downe  and  demolish  the  said  Abbey  for  the 
preservation  and  safty  of  the  said  Toune.  Whereunto  they  craved  the  consent  of 
father  Pierce  Buthler  now  prior  of  the  religious  Order  of  the  Dominicans  in  Gall- 
way, and  the  rest  of  the  said  convent,  who  for  the  good  and  securii  -aid  Toune 
and  Corporacion,  their  freinds  and  benefactors,  have  thereunto  consented ;  the  said 
Toune  and  Corporacion  promissing,  assumeing,  and  undertaking,  in  tyme  of  peace  to 
re-edifie  soe  much  thereof,  as  appears  in  the  scedule  hereunto  annexed  to  have  beene 

by  them  broken  downe,  and  leave  the  said  abbey  in  a-  g 1  case  a-  they  Law  found 

it  when  they  pulled  it  doune,  or  as  much  woorke  a~  the  same  may  come  into  in  true 
vallue,   within  their  francheses,  as  to  the  prior  and  convent   of  the  said 
the  tyme  beeing,  shalbe  tought  meete  and  required  :  in  consideration  and  pursuance 
whereof,  wee  Oliver  French  Knight,   mayor  of  his   Ms  of  Gallv, 

French  Fitz  Edd.  and  Peeter  Lynch  Fitz  Anthony  sherif)  free  boigcnoBB 

coumonality  of  the  said  Toune  of  Gallway.  doe  by  theise  presents  promisse,  cove- 
nant, undertake  and  assume  to  and  with  the  prior  and  convent  of  the  said  Abbey  of 
St.  Dominick's  Order  and   their  succe»or#.   that  the   Corporati.  !way  shall 

after  theise  warrs  in  hand,  and  peace  establidied  111  tins  Kingdome,  build,  erect  and 
re-edifie  the  said  Monasterie,  and  leave  the  same  in  as  good  condition,   plight,  man- 
ner and -forme  as  the  same  was  at  the  tyme  of  pulling  doune  and  den.  i  the 
same,  and  alsoe  to  perforate  all  such  covenants,  provisos  and  undertakeings,  as  t: 
Corporation  of  Gallway  have  formerly  engadged  themselves,  under  their  commoi. 
for  or  concearning  the  re-edifieing  of  the  said  Monasterie;  and  that  wee  the  said  ( 
racion  shall  build  and  erect  as  much  woorke  as  the  same  will  come  unto,  there  or  any 
where  else  without  this  Towne.  or  in  the  liberties  thereof,  on  their  owne  groui. 
the  said  prior  for  the  tyme  being,  in  dischardge  of  our  ooi  •            s,  the  honnor 
B.  Lady  and  advanceing  of  Holly  Church,  and  y'  before  any  other  woorke  shall  be 


*75 

donn  for  any  other  religious  work,  within  the  corporacion  or  francheses  of  the  same. 
In  Wittness  whereof,  wee  the  Maior,  Sheriffes,  free  Burgesses  and  Coumonalitye  have 
heereunto  putt  our  coumon  seall ;  Given  at  our  Toulsell  of  Gallway,  the  twentie 
day  of  September,  in  the  yeare  of  our  Lord  God  one  tousand,  six  hundred,  fiftie  and 
one." — Orig. 

The  following  document,  relating  to  the  same  foundation,  may  be  considered 
curious,  as  describing  the  particular  divisions  and  dimensions  of  the  old  church 
alluded  to. 

"  A  true  relation  and  returne  of  the  undernamed  persons,  qualified  by  the 
Mayor  and  Prior  of  the  said  Convent,  to  try  the  particulars  that  were 
demolished  and  pulled  doune  of  S\  Dominickes  abbey,  otherwise  called 
our  Ladie's  Church,  in  the  West  Francheses  of  Gallway,  upon  presseing 
occations,  in  order  to  the  preservation  of  this  Toune  against  the  Par- 
lement  forces  under  the  comaund  of  Sr.  Charles  Coote,  now  incamped 
aboute  this  Towne,  io°  Augusti  1651. 
"  Ittim  first,  there  are  sixtie  seaven  feete  longe  in  the  side  of  the  church,  next  the 

doore In  the  side  oppositt  to  the  same,  from  the  pincle  of  the  stiple,  sixtie  fower 

foot  longe. — From  the  stiple  to  the  pincle  of  the  queere,  seaventie  fower  foote  longe. 
Fortie  fower  foote  in  breath,  betweene  both  the  wall,  with  fower  arches  in  the  midle, 
in  the  bodie  of  the  church. — Twenty  two  foote  broade  in  the  queere  betweene  both 
the  wales — In  the  chapel,  towards  the  north,  nyneteene  foote  longe,  sixteene  foote 
broade,  and  twelve  foote  in  bight  in  the  wall.  In  the  wale  of  the  bodie  of  the  church 
and  queere,  twenty  three  foote  in  hight  to  the  battlement,  and  the  wale  in  tickness 
two  foote  and  nyne  enciis. — Lasorous  house  is  twentie  seaven  foote  longe,  twenty 
foote  broade,  eighteen  foote  high,  with  two  chimneys,  six  windowes,  one  of  which  is 
two  lights  and  the  rest  one  light.— In  the  bodie  of  the  church  three  windowes  of  three 
lights,  and  two  gables  of  three  lights. — In  the  chaple  three  windowes  of  three  lights, 
and  one  gable  of  three  lights. — One  gable  of  five  lights  in  the  pinicle  of  the  queere, 
one  gable  of  two  lights  in  the  side  of  the  queere,  six  windowes  of  one  light  in  the 
north  side  of  the  queere,  and  one  window  of  two  lights  in  the  north  (south)  side. — All 
this,  besids  the  battlement  and  breast  wall  of  the  same,  together  with  a  small  stiple, 
the  most  of  all  being  made  of  hued  stone,  weare  demolished  and  pulled  downe  as  afore- 
said  If  any  of  the  said  battlement  or  hued  stones  be  brought  home  for  the  use  of  St. 

Nicholas'  Church,  payment  or  satisfaction  is  to  be  made  to  the  said  religious  order. 
"Walter   Browne   Fitz-Marcus.    Christo:   Bodkin.   Alexander    Linche. 
Martin  French,  Chamberlyne  [         ]." — Orig. 

For  a  view  of  "  Our  Lady's  Church,"  taken  before  it  was  so  demolished,  see  the  great 

2  N  2  map 


276 

map  of  Galway,  made  A.  D.  1651,  and  preserved  in  the  library  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin.  On  the  above  compact,  John  O'Heyn  (for  whom  see  Harris's  Ware,  voL  ii. 
p.  295),  writes  as  follows  :  "Ecclesia  erat  vetustissima,  sed  a  Fundamentis  de-tructa 
est  ex  Concilio  Catholicorum  Civium,  ne  Inimicus  Cromuellus,  obsessurus  <-undem 
Locum,  Fortalitium  sibi  faceret  in  ilia  Ecclesia.  Ex  conimuni  tamen  <  totus 

Magistratus  spopondit,  quod,  advertante  Pace,  totus  Conventus  recedijUaretotr  in  Forma 
priori,  Expensis  Civium,  et  si  sperata  Tranquillitas  affulsisset  in  Patria.  id  fa 
proculdubio,  erant  enim  valde  pii,  et  potentissimi  Divitiis  nmltis  accedentibus  ex 
ingenti  Commercio  maritimo,  quo  hie  Locus  exuberat  specialiter  prae  reliqui- 
Partibus." — Epilog,  p.  22. 

NOTE  Y.     Seepage  109,  note  (m).     "  Mageogkegan/a,, 
In  A.  D.  1567,  the  head  or  chief  of  this  great  and  ancient  Irish  family  wa»  Coaly 
Mac  Geoghegan  of  Kinaleagh  (Cineal Fiachack)  in  Westmeath;  respecting  whom  Queen 
Elizabeth,  in  that  year,  directed  the  following  letter  (now  first  printed)  under  hi 
manual  and  signet,  to  the  lord  deputy  and  chancellor  of  Ireland. 

"  Elizabeth,  '"  By  the  Queue 

"  Right  trusty  and  welbeloved,  wee  greete  you  well.     Wh«         '  (  Mm 

Geoghegan  of  Kenaleagh,  our  faithfull  and  lowinge  subject,  hath  humbly  submitted  him- 
self to  our  trustie  and  welbeloved  Sir  Henry  Sidney,  knight  of  our  order,  and  deputy 
of  our  realme  oflreland,  recognising  himself  as  a  faithfull  subject  to  us  and  our  a 
offrino-e  to  surrender  his  estate  for  him  and  his  sequele,  and  to  receave  from  u>  an 
estate  according  to  our  pleasure.  We  in  consideration  of  his  said  Mibmission  and  offers, 
are  pleased  to  accept  and  allow  him  as  our  liege  man  and  faithfull  subject  :  and  are 
pleased  that  he  shall  receave  from  us  these  graces  and  special]  favors  in  maner  and 

forme  followinge First,  that  the  said  Conley  Mac  Geoghegan  deliver  unto  you  our 

said  deputy,  a  full  and  pleyne  particular,  note  and  extent  of  all  the  manors.  casteD* 
lordshipps,  landes,  tenements,  signories,  rules,  rents,  duetyes.  custumes,  and  comodi- 
ties  whereof  he  is  by  any  maner  of  meane  seised  at  this  present  And  after.  1 
and  order,  that  our  chauncellor  shall  accept  and  receave  of  the  said  Conley  Mac  G 
o-an,  by  dede  to  be  inrolled  in  our  court  of  Chancery  within  that  our  realme  of  Lrland, 
the  submission  of  the  said  Conley  Mac  Geoghegan,  and  the  surrender  and  resignation 
of  his  name  of  Conley  Mac  Geoghegan,  and  of  all  the  said  manors,  castells,  lordships. 
sei<moryes,  rules,  hereditaments,  comodities,  and  profits,  with  all  and  singular  their 
appurtenances. — After  which  submission  and  surrender  so  made,  our  pleasure  is,  that 
you  our  said  deputy  cause  our  letters  patents,  under  our  great  scale  of  that  our  realm.-,  t. 


277 

be  made  to  the  said  Conley  Mac  Geoghegan  during  his  lyfe;  the  remaynder  to  his  sonne 
Rosse  alias  Roger  and  the  heyres  males  of  his  body;  and  the  remainder  after  them  to 
the  heyres  males  of  the  body  of  the  said  Conley  lawfully  to  be  begotten,  of  all  the  said 
eastells,  manors,  lands,  tenements,  and  hereditaments,  to  hold  of  us,  our  heires  and 
successors,  in  capite  by  knight's  service,  and  yeldinge,  payenge,  contributinge  and 
doinge  to  us,  our  heires  and  successors,  all  souch  rents,  services  and  attendance,  as 
now  by  any  lawe,  composition,  use  or  custome  he  is  bound  or  might  have,  with  souch 
words  of  variance  as  to  you  our  said  deputy,  by  assent  of  the  said  Conley  Mac  Geoghe- 
gan, shalbe  thought  convenient.  Neverthelesse,  yf  it  shall  seeme  necessary  to  our  said 
deputy  to  alter  or  change  the  said  rents,  duties  and  attendance,  which  the  said  Conley 
is  presently  holden  to  doe,  into  other  kynds  meeter  for  our  service,  we  authorise  you 
so  to  do.  Item,  our  pleasure  is,  in  consideration  that  all  manner  of  obedience  is  by  the 
said  Conley  Mac  Geoghegan,  for  him  and  his,  offred  to  us,  that  is  due  from  a  good  and 
faithfull  subject,  that  the  said  Conley  and  his  said  heyres  males  of  his  body,  their 
issues,  ofspringe,  posteritie,  sequele,  servants,  tenants  and  followers,  shall  to  the  utter- 
most of  their  powers,  contynue  for  ever  faithfull,  true  and  loyall  subjects  to  us, 
our  heires  and  successors,  as  others  our  subjects  of  that  realme  are  bounden  by 
their  allegiance  to  do  :  And,  in  like  manner,  shall  accept,  obey,  effectually  accom- 
plishe  and  fulfill  the  statutes,  lawes,  writts,  processe  and  ordinances  of  us  our 
heires  and  successors.  And  if  you  our  said  deputy  and  counsayll  there  thinke 
necessary  to  deale  with  the  said  Conley  more  particularly,  we  are  pleased  that  you 
shall  and  may  add  to  the  said  letters  patents  so  to  him  to  be  made,  such  farther  articles 
and  covenants  on  his  parte  to  be  observed  by  him,  his  said  heires,  sequele  and  followers, 
for  their  better  instruction  how  to  behave  themselves  towards  us  our  heires  and  suc- 
cessors, and  to  all  other  our  lovinge  subjects,  as  to  you  shalbe  thought  mete  and 
convenient.  In  consideration  whereof  let  it  be  expressed  in  the  said  letters  patents, 
that  we  accepte  him,  his  said  heires,  posteritie,  servants  and  followers,  into  our  pro- 
tection, to  be  used,  supported,  favored,  maynteyned  and  defended  as  any  outher  of  our 
lovinge  subjects,  and  to  be  free  and  exempt  from  the  exactions,  servitude  and  oppres- 
sion of  all  others,  contrary  to  our  lawes,  demandinge  any  thinge  of  him  or  them. 
Yeven  under  our  signet,  at  our  Pallais  of  Westminster,  the  last  day  of  February  1567, 

in  the  tenth  yere  of  our  reigne. 

"  To  our  trustie  and  welbeloved  our  deputy 
and  chauncellor  of  our  realme  of  Ireland 
for  the  tyme  beinge,  or  to  the  justices 
of  our  said  realme,  and  our  chauncellor 
there." — Rot.  Pat.  de  ann.  1 1  °.  Eliz.  <l. — 


From  the  original  roll. 


Conly 


278 


Conly  Mac  Geoghegan  had  by  his  third  wife,  Margery  Nugent,  daughter  of  CI 
topher  lord  Delvin    (Delbkna),  Hugh  boy  (buidke,   or  the  yellow:)   '  ..    who 

died  ioth  June  1622,  leaving  Art  or  Arthur  Geoghegan  of  Castletown  in  the  county 
of  Meath,  Esq.,  named  in  the  note,  p.  108,  his  son,  who  married  Giles  or  Julia  (also 
named  therein),  daughter  of  James  Mac  Coghlan,  and  had  Hugh  his  eldest  and 
Edward  or  Edmond  his  second  son,  also  named  in  the  note  as  joint  patentee  with  his 
mother  Giles,  in  the  letters  patent  or  grant  there  referred  to,  bearing  date  1 5th  May 
1678.  In  this  grant,  the  castle  and  lands  of  Bunovzen,  &c.  were  limited  to  Giles  for 
her  life,  remainder  to  Edward  and  hi-  heirs  male,  remainder  to  Edward  Geoghegan 
the  younger,  grandson  and  heir  to  Art,  and  his  heirs  male,  remainder  to  Conly 
Geoghegan  late  of  Lerha  and  his  heirs  male ;  with  remainder  to  Francis  earl  of  Longford 
and  his  heirs  for  ever,  according  to  a  deed  of  settlement  made  by  said  Art,  of  those  la:, 
dated  22nd  June  1666.     By  privy  signet  dated  at  Whitehall,  20  Oct.  1677  :^ng 

directed  Giles  and  Edward  her  son,  to  pass  certificate  and  patent  of  the  lands  allot<-d 
to  said  Art  in  Connaught,  in  common  with  other  transplanters,  pursuant  to  the  Art 
of  Settlement. — Rot.  Pat.  290  Car.  II.  3  p.  f. 

Edward  Geoghegan  the  patentee  of  Bunowen.  \ra;  succeeded  by  his  son  Ch^ 
whose  eldest  son,  Edward,  died  A.  D.  1765.  aged  73  year-.  Hi-  son  Kichard  suc- 
ceeded, and  conformed  to  the  Protestant  faith  on  1 8th  April.  1756:  the  certificate  of  which 
conformity,  numbered  28  for  that  year,  is  preserved  in  the  Rolls'  Office,  Dublin,  lb- 
appears  to  have  been  a  lover  of  science,  and  a  man  of  enterprizing  genin&  Scon  after 
his  conformity,  he  visited  Holland  to  ascertain  the  Dutch  method  of  reclaiming  land 
from  the  sea ;  and  on  his  return  home  he  succeeded  in  recovering  a  considerable  tract 
of  the  lands  of  Ballyconneely  near  Bunowen,  1  ly  erecting  a  weir  or  dam  to  oppose  the 
encroachments  of  the  ocean.  On  this  work  he  placed  the  following  inscription : 
"  Hos  terminos,  Deo  favente,  posuit  mari  Richardus  Geoghegan,  qui  persaepe  corruen- 
tem  aggerem  luctando  restituit,  pauca  ducens  solera  •  venntue  esse  imp  -•  - 

bilia.  Opus  perfectum  fuit  anno  Domini,  1758.'"  This  crentleman  was  enthusiastic 
respecting  his  Milesian  origin;  and  he  was  often  heard  to  declare,  that,  although  not  the 
"chief  of  his  name,"  yet  that  he  prized  his  ancient  Irish  descent  beyond  the  pedL 
or  title  of  the  proudest  peer  of  France  or  England.  In  A.  D.  1 780.  he  erected  a  con- 
spicuous octagonal  building,  on  the  site  of  the  "  old  fortress  of  a  down  (dun)  on  the 
top  of  the  hill"  of  Doon,  mentioned,  p.  109,  by  our  author,  as  a  monument  to  com- 
memorate the  concession  of  free  trade  to  Ireland,  as  appears  by  the  following  inscrip- 
tion thereon:  "Deo  liberatori  Hibernise,  A.  D.  1780,  has  ae  -  -  eravit,  anno 
eodem,  gratus  et  laetus,  E.  G."  He  died  4th  Jan..  1800.  aged  83  years.  His  eldest 
son  and  heir,  John,  assumed  the  surname  of  O'Neill  only,  by  virtue  of  the  R  ;       -  . 

manual, 


279 

manual,  dated  19th  Dec,  1807;  and  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son  and  heir,  John 
Augustus,  the  present  talented  and  accomplished  proprietor  of  Bunowen ;  who,  the 
elder  branch  having  failed,  is  now  the  head  or  chief  of  the  Milesian  family  of  Ma- 
geoghegan  of  Ireland. 

NOTE  Z.  See  pp.  112,  113,  note  (r).  "  Imay,  Ballymac-Conroy,  Castle  of  Down." 
The  island  of  Imay  or  Omey  (called  also  in  old  writings  Imaith  and  Umma,  but 
the  meaning  of  the  word  does  not  appear),  is  situate  on  the  western  coast  of  Iar-  Con- 
naught,  and  gives  name  to  the  parish  of  Omey.  This  parish  is  bounded  north  by  that 
of  Ballinakill,  east  by  Ballinakill  and  the  parish  of  Moyrus,  south  by  Moyrus  and  the 
parish  of  Ballindoon,  and  west  by  the  Atlantic  ocean.  The  island  of  Omey  is  men- 
tioned at  an  early  period  of  our  ecclesiastical  history.  The  account  of  the  erection  of 
the  monastery  founded  there  by  St.  Fechin  in  the  seventh  century,  and  referred  to, 
ante,  note r,  p.  11 2,  is  here  translated  from  the  Latin  of  Colgan,  as  follows : 

"  On  a  certain  night,  the  holy  man  being  in  the  monastery  of  Easdara  [Ballysa 
dare  in  the  present  county  of  Sligo],  was  by  an  angel  admonished  in  his  sleep,  that 
it  was  the  divine  will  that  he  should  go  to  a  certain  island  of  the  ocean,  which  is  called 
Imaidk  \Omey\,  situated  in  the  western  district  of  Connaught.  St.  Fechin  obeys  the 
admonitions  of  the  angel,  and,  with  the  intention  of  gaining  many  souls  to  Christ, 
and  increasing  the  monastic  institute,  he,  accompanied  by  some  disciples,  sought  the 
island  just  mentioned,  where  he  proposed  to  dwell  and  build  a  church.  But  the  inha- 
bitants, by  the  suggestion  of  the  Devil,  endeavoured  by  all  means  to  exclude  him ; 
whence,  at  night,  they,  several  times,  cast  into  the  sea  the  spades,  axes,  iron  tools,  and 
other  instruments  which  his  monks  used  in  the  work  of  building ;  but  as  often  as  they 
were  thus  cast,  so  often,  being  cast  back  on  shore,  they  were  found  by  the  monks  in  the 
morning.  But  when  the  man  of  God  and  his  monks,  thus  meeting  with  the  opposition 
of  the  people,  persisted  in  continual  labours,  watchings  and  fasts,  and  the  people, 
hardened  in  malice,  denied  them  all  nourishment,  at  length  two  of  the  brethren 
perished,  being  exhausted  through  want.  But  St.  Fechin,  having  poured  forth  for  his 
servants  a  prayer  to  the  Lord,  in  complying  with  whose  will  those  who  were  thus  ex- 
hausted had  perished,  merited  that  they  should  be  recalled  to  life.  And  when  the 
rumours  of  the  occurrence  had  reached  the  ears  of  the  king,  Guarius  the  son  of  Colman, 
he  took  care  that  sufficient  nourishment  in  meat  and  drink  should  be  brought  to  St. 
Fechin.  He  added  also  his  royal  phial,  which  even  to  this  day  is  called  Cruaeh 
Fechin.  Afterwards,  all  the  islanders,  being  converted  to  Christ,  were  baptized  by 
St.  Fechin,  and  they  consigned  themselves  and  their  island  to  the  use  and  service  of  St. 
Fechin  and  his  successors.  The  man  of  God  founded  another  monastery  in  a  neigh- 
bouring 


28o 

bouring  island  which  was  formerly  called  Inis-iarthuir  [but]  at  present  Ardoilen." 
To  this  Colgan  adds  as  a  note  (12).     "  This,  from  being  a  noble  monastery,  was  made 
a  parish  church  of  the  diocese  of  Tuam,  in  which  St.  Fechin  is  held  in  great  veneration, 
as  the  patron  of  the  church  and  the  island;  from  which  also  we  have  received  tip 
Book  of  the  life  of  St.  Fechin,  of  which  we  have  made  mention  above  in  the  n  I 
the  former  life  of  St.  Fechin,  N.  1." 

Gaurius,  the  king  mentioned  in  this  extract,  was  the  generous  and  hospitable 
Guaire  king  of  Connaught,  who  died,  according  to  the  annals  of  Tigernach,  in  A.  D. 
663.  From  the  foregoing  narrative  it  appears  that  Omey  was  one  of  the  last 
retreats  ofPaganism  in  Ireland.  In  A.D.  1017,  the  Four  Ma-ters  record  the  death  of 
Fergus,  vicar  of  Iomuith  {Omey).  Upwards  of  three  centuries  ago,  a  branch  of  the 
ancient  family  of  O'Toole  of  Leinster  settled  in  Omey,  under  the  protection  of  the 
western  O'Flaherties. 

"  The  CfTooles  of  Conmaicne-mara'''  (Conamara). 
On   12"1  Sept.   1540,  the   Lord   Deputy  of  Ireland  wrote  to  King    Henry  VIII. 
that  the  peace  with   "the  Otholeys  {the  G'Tooles  of Li  adeth  upon  M 

nexte;  and  yt  it  is  thought  good  by  us  all  here,  that  if  they  will  not  com  to  >uche  con- 
dition of  peace  as  shalbe  thought  by  Your  Magesties  Counsell  to  1"-  1"  vour  1. 
and  suertie,  that  we  shall,  with  all  diligence,  procede  to  their  utter  baniskment,  whiche  is 
more  to  be  don  with  peyne  then  with  any  grete  power.     For  theos  same  Otholes  be 
men  inhabyting  the  montynes,  wher  they  neyther  sowe  come,  neyther  yet  have  inha- 
bytation,  but  only  the  woodes  and  marrcyses.  and  yet  do  more  harme  to  your  E 
Pale,  then  the  moost  parte  of  all  Irelande." — State  Papers,  Lond.  1834.  vol.  iii.  p.  239. 
See  also  p.  266,  for  a  subsequent  communication   to  the  kintr    respecting 
wherein  he  is  told  that  "this  Thirrologh  i-  but  a  wretched  person,  and  a  man 
grete  power,  neyther  having  house  to  put  his  hedd  in,  nor  yet  money  in  his  poi 
buy  hym  a  garment,  yet  may  he  well  make  two  or  three  hundred  men.     Assurin. 
Hieghnes  that  he  hath  doon  more  hurte  to  your  English  Pale  then  any  man  in  Irlande." 
On  this  occasion,  Tirlogh  and  his  brother  Art  oge  petitioned  the  King  f  t  grants  o{  the 
territory  of  Fercullen,  and  the  manor  of  Castle-Kevin,  in  the  present  county  of  Wick- 
low,  for  which  see  the  same  State  Papers,  p.  270:  and.  for  the  King's  letter  directing 
patents  to  be  passed  to  them,  see  same,  p.  279.     The  curious  conditions  on  which  these 
patents  were  granted,  have  been  omitted  in  the  published  State  Papers  alluded  t<  1 :  but 
they  will  be  found  enrolled  on  the  Patent  Roll,  32.  33  Hen.  VIII.   Rolls  Orhce.  Dublin- 
Anterior  to  this  period,  a  branch  of  these  "  O'Tooles  of  Leinster"  emigrated  to  the 
west  of  Ireland,  and  settled  in  the  island  of  Omey  in  Iar-G  mnaught,  where  their  descend- 
ants still  remain,  note  ",  ante,  p.  1 17,  but  mostly  reduced  to  a  state  of  poverty.     In  the 

Office 


281 

Office  of  Arms,  Dublin,  I  find  the  following  "  Pedigree  of  the  O'Tooles  of  Conmaicne- 
mara  in  West  Connaught." 

"  Tuathal  {Toole)  O'Toole. 

Dunchain  O'Toole. 

Dermod  Sugach  O'Toole. 

Dermod  Oge  O'Toole. 

Awley  O'Toole. 

Hugh  O'Toole. 

Toole  O'Toole. 

Felim  O'Toole. 

Theobald  O'Toole. 

Edmond  O'Toole,  of  Conmaicne-mara." 
In  A.  D.  1586,  the  last-named  Theobald  (Tibbott)  O'Toole,  who  is  described  as  "  a 
supporter  of  the  poor,  and  keeper  of  a  house  of  hospitality"  (i.  e.  a  Biatagk),  was  hanged 
by  a  party  of  Sir  Eichard  Bingham's  soldiers,  who  were  sent  on  a  predatory  excursion 
to  Iar-Connaught. — Four  Masters.  The  present  O'Tooles  of  Conamara  are  reduced  to 
poverty;  and  are  utterly  ignorant  of  their  origin. 

"  Ballymac  Conroy."     See  page  1 1 3. 

In  Irish  6aile  mic  Conpoi,  the  townland  of  Mac  Conroi.  This  Conroi  was  the 
first  chief  of  the  territory  of  Gnomore,  in  Iar-Connaught.  See  Additional  Note  S, 
p.  253.  Many  centuries  after  his  time,  some  of  his  descendants  emigrated  westward 
towards  the  coast,  and  settled  in  this  district  of  Ballymac  Conroy,  to  which  they  gave 
name.  After  the  introduction  of  the  English  tongue  into  Iar-Connaught,  the  name  of 
the  clan  Mhic  Conroi  was  anglicised  "  Mac  Conry,"  "  M'Enry,"  and  finally,  but  im- 
properly, "  King,"  as  if  the  original  name  was  Mac  an  Righ,  i.  e.  son  of  the  King.  The 
district  of  Ballymac  Conroy  was  also  anglicised  "  Kingstown  ;"  and  thus  the  ancient 
name  was  wholly  obliterated.  The  following  instrument  appears  to  have  been  entered 
into  before  these  latter  changes  were  made : — 

"  This  Indenture  made  the  twelfthe  of  Aprille  Anno  Domini  1 6 1 5,  betwine  Morroghe 
ne  Moyer  O'Fflaherty  of  Bonnowen  in  the  county  of  Gallwey,  esqr  one  thone  partie, 
and  Knohor  {Connor)  mc  Conry  of  Balle  mcConry  in  thaforesaid  county  also  gentl.  one 
thother  partie:  witnessethe  that  I  the  said  Morroghe  ne  moyer  O'Fflaherty  have 
demissed  unto  the  said  Knohor  mcConry  his  heires,  executors  and  assignes,  for  ever, 
all  that  the  haulfe  cartrone  of  Eigherpoete  set.  lyinge  and  beinge  in  Balle  mcConry 
within  the  barrony  of  Ballenehensse,  in  length  and  breathe  as  it  dothe  extend,  together 
with  all  turffes,  meadowes,  pastures,  mountaynes,  watters,  flyshings  and  all  other 
thappurtenances  thereinto  belonginge  :  To   have   and  to    hold  to  the  said  Knohor 

irish  arch.  soc.  no.  1 5.  2  O  mcConry 


282 

m'Conry  his  heires,  executors  and  assignes'  sole  and  proper  use  and  occuppacion  for 
ever;  yealdinge  and  paying  by  the  feast  of  all  Bte :  yearly,  the  just  some  of  six  shillings 
and  eight  pence  sterling,  together  with  fower  pence  ster.  to  the  said  Moroghe  and  his 
heires,  collectors  or  sargents:  And  also  yealdinge  the  king's  rents  and  all  other  contri- 
butions together  with  O'Fflaherty  is  rent,  if  any  should  grow,  over  and  besides  tha- 
foresaid  some  of  six  shillings  and  eight  pence  ster.  and  I  the  said  Morroghe  ne  .' 
O'Fflaherty  mine  heires,  executores  and  assignes,  the  said  Knoher  m'Conry  hifl  heires, 
executores  and  assignes,  in  the  possession,  use  and  occupation  of  the  same,  shall  save, 
warrant,  acquite  and  defend  against  all  manner  of  personne  and  personnes  whatsoever. 
In  withness  whereofe  wee  have  hereinto  interchangeably  sett  our  haunds  and  sealls, 
the  day  and  year  first  above  wrytten.  Morrogh  MF.  ne  Mover  O' Flaherty.  Present 
wee  whose  names  insueth  :  Te.  O'Fflahertie. — Donnelle  oge  si' Conk t,  is  marke. 

— Edmond  m'Donnell  mcConry Richard  Lynche." — Or  if/. 

The  last-named  witness  was  a  Galway  lawyer,  by  whom  legal  instruments  were 
prepared  for  the  natives  of  Iar-Connaught  at  this  period.  These  instruments  were 
sometimes  written  in  Irish,  often  in  Latin,  but  generally  in  English,  although  it  was 
then  almost  an  unknown  tongue  in  the  district.  Those  in  English  usually  con- 
tain certificates  of  having  been  read  and  explained  in  Irish  to  the  contractu  ! 
The  following  testamentary  disposition  by  one  of  the  Clan  M'Enry,  has  been 
transcribed  by  the  Editor  from  the  original,  preserved  with  other  curious  documents 
in  the  diocesan  Registry  of  Tuam  : — 

"Jesus,  Maria. 

"  The  last  will  and  Testament  of  Bryan  M  Enry,  made  the  i3'b  of  Ffebrua: 
the  yeare  of  our  Lord  God  1691,  in  the  presence  of  Patrick  Martin.  Ed.  Mc  Bryan, 
Murragh  Mc  Bryan,  &c.  First,  I  bequeathe  my  soule  to  God  Almighty,  and  my 
body  to  be  interred  in  the  church  of  Kill.  2.  I  bequeath  a  good  in-calfe  cow  and 
calfe  of  a  yeare  old  next  May  to  my  sister  Sicily.  3.  1  bequeath  a  hefier  of  a  yeare 
old  last  May  to  my  Unkle  Murrogh,  and  a  mare  to  my  father,  and  ■  Mar;. 

ban  Mc  Enry.     4.  I  order  a  cowe  of  two  yeare  old  la-t   May  to  be  given  I 
Martin,  and  three  sheep   to  be  given  to  my  wife.     5.  Edmond  Mc  Moyler  owes  me 
seaven  shillings,  and  John  Mc  Myler  two  shillings,  which  I  order  to  be  given  to  the 
three  priests.     6.  Mr.  Patf  Martin  owes  me  nine  shillings.  Bryan  Mc  Enr. 
twelve  shillings,  John  Shoy  five  shillings  and  ten  pence.  Owen  M"  Derm 
Mc  Dermott   and  Donnell  Moghan  owes  me  five  shillings.     7.   I  owe  William  S 
rett  ten  shillings,  Edward  Martin  one  shilling,   Anstas   Martin  three  shillings,  and 
John  Kelly  three  shillings,   which  is  to  be  paid  out  of  the  above  debt,  as   Pat'. 
Martin  shall  think  fitt."— Orig. 

-  C 


283 

"  Castle  of  Down.''''     See  page  113. 

The  castle  of  Down  or  Doon,  in  Irish  Caiplean  an  t)una,  was  situate  on  a  high 
rugged  rock  on  the  mainland,  N.  E.  of  the  island  of  Omey.  Its  site  is  now  occupied 
by  the  ruins  of  an  old  house,  but  the  outer  walls  of  the  original  building,  four  feet 
thick,  are  still  traceable.  Opposite  the  castle,  on  the  south  side  of  the  inlet  of  the 
ocean  called  Streamstown  Bay,  stood  the  chapel  of  Kill,  said  to  have  been  erected 
about  250  years  ago,  by  one  Dubhdara  Mac  Conroi ;  who,  according  to  tradition,  was 
put  to  death  by  the  O'Flaherty  who  then  resided  in  Doon  castle.  The  chapel  and 
castle  may  be  seen  marked  on  Larkin's  large  map  of  the  county  of  Galway. 

In  this  vicinity  lived  the  bard  Mac  Sweeny  (mentioned  ante,  p.  112,  note  r)  who 
has  celebrated  the  castle  of  Doon,  in  a  curious  poem  in  his  native  language,  entitled 
"GBpan  an  phuca,"  the  song  of  the  Puca  or  Goblin,  a  hairy  sprite  somewhat  akin 
to  the  well-known  Brownie  of  Scotland,  but  more  mischievous.  This  production  I 
am  induced  to  insert  here  as  a  specimen  of  modern  Irish  versification.  It  is  popular 
among  the  natives  of  Iar-Connaught,  and  is  generally  sung  to  music. 

"  Qbpdn  an  phuca. 

"  Gipeocai6  me  aip  maiom  a  n-ainm  an  oomnaij, 
Qjup  pacpaib  me  a  comnaibe  aip  cnocainin  ban, 
t)eanpai6  me  ceac  ann  ap  leaccaob  an  bocaip, 
Q  D-pogup  oo'n  corhjap  a  bup  ajup  call. 
Q  n-cnc  a  m-bei6  ajam  peap  bealai  j  ajup  bocaip, 
Caiopeam  luce  eolaip,  peap  loinje  ajup  bdib, 
6iai6  pjol  aj  luce  ealaoan  'p  aj  ojdnaij  65a, 
Q  lopj  an  eolaip  a  ceacc  aip  mo  ppaio. 

Ip  e  lompdo  na  5-cailleac  lp  na  peanoaoine  epionna, 
tD'pdj  meapball  aip  m'mncinn,  ip  neull  ann  mo  ceann, 
Ca  a  pa6  50  b-puil  an  puca  ann  6  aimpip  na  ofleanna, 
^o  b-pacai6  na  oaoine  e,  acr  nt  puil  piop  cia  an  c-am  ; 
Miop  b-e  pin  00b  aic  liom-pa  a  ceacc  pdice  an  jeimpe, 
Q  Beir  oeanarh  iopbaipe  a  pcij  an  mo  ppaio. 

'S 

a  It  is  generally  believed  that  the  Puca  has  sur-  going  out  on  that  night,  for  fear  of  encountering  this 

vived  the  deluge.     He  is  supposed  to  be  particularly  formidable  phantom  of  the  imagination.     To  reason 

busy  on  All-Hallow- eve ;  and  many  persons  avoid  with  them  on  the  subject  is  useless. 

2  O    2 


284 

'S  50  m-bfonn  pe  'net  cac  ip  'na  rhaoa  'pan  oioce, 

'S  nap  ooicce  'na  phuca  e,  na  na  pean  jeappdn  ban. 

Q  comappanaij  oilipe  cujalo  6am  conjnam, 
Qjup  oibpeocaio  me  an  puca  amac  ap  an  die, 
Cuippeao  paof  jeapa  e  ip  paoi  oaoippe  na  h-urhlacc', 
7\an  a  reacc  aon  oioce  coloce  niop  ^atpe  lond  an  TTldmb. 
Chinn  pe  aip  a  n-^piallac  ip  aip  piidopuij  00  6upca, 
Ip  aip  an  meio  peandipio  00  bi  'p  an  die, 
dec  peolpao-pa  piop  e  30  bun  cnuic  an  ounac, 
Pflap  a  b  puil  caiplean  a'  phuca  ruap  1  n-a  bdpp. 

Pa^paio  m£  ann  pin  e  50  j-caireeap  pdire  an  £eimpe, 

Cabaipe  mapcuioeacc  00  riiaopaib,  opeam  eipj$eap  poim  la, 

Ho  tonnpoioeao  pe  Caipiol  rpe  ceapc-ldp  na  TTIuimneac, 

CImac  50  Sliab  caopac,  no  anonn  oo'n  cip  ban  : 

Mo  ceibeao  pe  'na  ceannpopc  aip  maijipqiio  bpui jne, 

Sioxaib  paea  Cpuacain  no  Pmnbeapa  mea6ad, 

No  a  paipe  pean  caiplean  aip  aipopean  no  puaiopeao, 

^o  bun  cnuic  an  ua^nip  no  anonn  50  Sliab  6djane. 

Cuippio  me  pjonpa  le  h-lomaipe  an  liondin*", 

'S  ni  leijpio  m^  aniap  €  rap  TTIhdm  an  tuipe  moip, 

lTluna  n-oeanaio  pe  aicjjeapp  rpe  6haile  na  h-inpeB, 

N'dir  a  m-beio  penepi  maioin  ip  neoin. 

Mi  leijpio  me  ropam  aip  calum  na  aip  euinn  e, 

'S  biaio  aipeacup  jpinn  ajam  poime  'p  an  poo, 

lp  ma  capcap  00  lac  eh,  peap  mair  rd  'pan  dp  po, 

6ampi6  6e  piopa  oe'n  leicceann  no  an  c-ppon. 


- 


!>  See  ante,  p.  120,  '  lomaipe  an  liondin — See    this  place  de 

e  The  hill  of  Down  or  Doon,  on  which  stood  the  scribed,  p.  .">  1 . 
castle  of  that  name,  mentioned  pp.  113,  283.  *  Ballynahinch.  for  which  *r 

"i.e.    Cnoc  meada  piUll.-For  this    well-  "John  Joyce,    better    known    by  the    name  ■ 

known  hill,  see  p.  147.  Shane  na  Baine.-Ue  was  one  of  the  giganUc  race 

e  i.  e.  Sliab  6drna  na  o-cuar,  a  mountain  inhabiting  the  Boss  mountains ;  and  was  remarkable 

in  the  county  and  barony  of  Roscommon.  The  name  for  bis  stature,  strength,  and  good-humour.     He  has 

is  incorrectly  translated  "  white  mountain1'  in  the  been  frequently  mentioned  by  modem  tan* 

Statistical  Survey  of  that  county,  p.  1 9.  fair  specimen  of  a  rural  Irishman. 


285 

'S  ea6  Rlaiciap  O'tDuBam  an  piopanad  lucmap', 

Cpann  peapca  na  cuipe  nap  clip  a  n-aon  5066, 

t)a  B-pajao  pe  jpeim  pfobam,  no  coppain  na  guailne  aip, 

Ceajpao  pe  an  puca  lp  mo  cainic  a  piam. 

T?acpamn-pi  a  m-bannaio  oa  5-cuippioe  rap  cuan  e, 

N  ac  0-ciucpa6  an  puaij  aip  an  bealac  po  map, 

'S  nac  peapao  an  cleapaio  a  n-aon  ceapo  oe'n  coije, 

Niop  Jaipe  lona  Conooin  no  Cuaomumain  Ui  6p>aini. 

Ua  muimjin  mair  aj-am-pa  ap  jnfom  phaopuij  Seoijij, 
^o  b-p6acpaio  p6  pop  e  le  cumap  a  cnam, 
Cineal  na  n-jaipjioeac  lp  na  pioipioe  cpojanca 
^bluaip  le  Scponjbou  cuj-amn  ap  bpeacain  anallk. 
t)a  5-cappaioe  66  an  puca  a  5-ceapc-lap  a'  bocaip, 
Ce  cum  an  cpacnona  no  camall  poim  la, 
6heir  p£  '56  lapcao  16  baea  lp  le  oopnaio 
Jjo  j-cuippea6  pe  moit)  aip  $ar\  pilleao  50  bpar. 

Ca  B-puijpeao-pa  capall  com  maic  leip  an  b-piica, 
6heic  meanmnac,  lucmap  aj-  lmceacc  'p  aj-  coioeacc, 
'S  06  mbao  ciop  aj  ceann  Qcla  00  coijpeao  pe  uallac, 
6heic  pe  a  leac-uaip  aj  jeacaio  Baile  aca  cliac. 
Capab  66  6aci '  a  n-oeipe  na  h-of6ce, 
'S  6  o^anaih  aoip  opfpil  a  pic  n-oiaio  mna, 
Chiomain  p6  leip  e  50  coin  Rinne  maoilem, 
'S  cauepion  pjpiobca  cape  le  na  ceann. 


Chuuio 


■  O'Dubhain,  Anglice  Duane,  an  old  Milesian  fami-  '  Lackey  or  Malachy  O'Malley,  a  wit  and 
ly  of  Iar-Connaught,  anciently  attached  to  the  O'Fla-  "  Rhymer"  who  lived  near  the  mountains  of  Partry, 
herties,  and  still  highly  respectable.  Of  this  family  and  of  whom  many  facetious  stories  are  still  related, 
was  Counsellor  Mat.  Duane  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  London,  The  ludicrous  employment  of  Puca-driver  here  as- 
distinguished  in  the  last  century  for  his  learning  and  signed  him  by  his  friend,  Mac  Sweeny,  gave  occa- 
antiquarian  knowledge.  See  an  interesting  letter  sion  to  several  good-humoured  sallies  between  these 
from  him  in  the  Irish  Magazine,  Dublin,  1809,  p.  rival  wits,  which  are  still  remembered  by  their  ad- 
425.  mirers. 

>  The  district  of  Thomond  or  Clare.  m  Rinvile,  the   residence  of  Henry  Blake,   Esq. 

k  This  alludes  to  the  British  extraction  of  the  This  place,  with  Aughris,  the  seat  of  Geoffrey  Coneys, 

Joyces,  for  which  see  ante,  p.  45 ;  and  Additional  Esq.,  and  the  other  localities  mentioned  in  the  suc- 

Note  Q,  p.  246.  ceeding  stanzas,  are  well  known  in  this  district. 


286 

Chuaio  an  puca  50  ^aillirh  aip  maioiri  oia  haoine, 
Gj  iappai6  aobap  bpipce  oe'n  eaoach  00b  peupp, 
Chaimj  an  oeipeanap,  lp  cuic  aip  an  oloce, 
C^up  copaij  pe.  05  caoine  n-uaip  a  o'lmei^  an  la  ; 
6hi  pe  aj  p5peaou6  'pa5  imceacc  rap  cimcioll, 
55o  b-pujao  pe  oloean  apcij  leip  na  mnuib. 
Seolao  50  h-Gacpuip  lp  50  baile  Conpoi  e, 
Gmac  cpe  cnoc  maoir.ip  ip  cope  lnnip  meaooin. 

Q  corhappana  oilpe  pa  buachailioe  65a, 
Qn  rheib  ajaib  cuijiop  claonap  mo  cuip, 
Cijioe  cu5am-pa  a  n-ionao  mo  conjanca, 
^o  5-ceapam  an  cuipc-peo  a  n-arai6  cpl  la, 
Cuippeamuio  ceac  ann  a  n-ainm  a  lepuic, 
^o  n-oibpijeam  a'  puca  amac  ap  a  laun, 
'S  6  ainm  biap  peupcu  aip  Cpiocan  a  c-piompa, 
Gjupcaiplean  ITIic  Suibne  cuap  1  n-u  bupp. 


But  the  most  popular  of  Mac  Sweeny's  compositions  is  an  ironical  description  of  a 
"  Conamara  Wedding,"  wherein  he  recapitulates,  in  a  strain  of  considerable  humour, 
the  preparations  made  for  the  feast,  and  enumerates  the  guests  to  be  invited  on  the 
occasion.  It  has  been  said  of  the  description  of  an  entertainment  at  Templehouse  in 
Sligo,  in  the  last  century,  that  it  might  be  considered  "as  the  ne  plus  ultra  of  all  the 
subjects,  that  the  wit  of  man  has  ever  devised,  to  excite  and  continue  the  loudest 
peals  of  laughter." — Walker's  Memoirs  of  the  Irish  Bards,  vol.  i.  p.  331,  Dub.  Ed.  1818. 
To  apply  this  to  the  following  effusion  might  be  thought  presumptuous;  but  we  may 
safely  affirm  that  no  one  who  understands  the  Irish  language  can  hear  the  "  Cona- 
mara Wedding"  recited  or  sung  by  a  native,  without  acknowledging  the  comic 
powers  of  the  author".  Had  Mac  Sweeny  received  the  advantages  of  our  well-known 
countryman,  O'Keeffe,  he  would,  probably,  have  displayed  equal  wit  and  humour. 

6ainip 
n  In  the  first  four  stanzas,  a  rich  assortment  of  mu>i</."  The  eatables  are  next  provided,  beginning 
dresses  is  ordered  for  the  bride ;  and,  for  the  feast,  an  in  the  fifth  stanza,  with  a  profusion  of  fish,  from  tb* 
abundant  supply  of  wine  and  whiskey,  beer  in  boat-  herring  to  the  "  tortoise;"  in  the  sixth  stanza,  wild 
loads,  tea  and  spices  of  all  kinds,  including  "  nutmegs  fowl  in  great  variety  :  and  in  the  seventh,  all  kinds 
and  saltpetre:"  with  all  the  necessary  apparatus  of  of  meat,  from  the  ox  t"  the  badger:  with  a  humorous 
"  knives  and  forks"  (which,  it  appears,  were  not  hint  that  it  would  be  prudent  to  have  these  latter 
at  that  time  in  general  use  in  Conamara),  pipes,  viands  either  boiled  or  roasted.  In  the  three  follow  ■ 
tobacco,  cards,  backgammon  boxes,  and  "  bands  of      ing  stanzas  the  guests  are  enumerated.     These  coo- 


287 


bainip  phe^i  nf  h-Ga  jjia°. 
i. 

Q  labpaip  pheicin1',  jluaip  50  capaib, 
O  'p  cu  ca  cum  a  oeanea, 
Cabaip  leac  a  baile  abbap  papcail 

Cfjup  cloca  pabapiooa,q 
6p6ja  'p  pacenp,  cnocaio  jallba, 

Qjup  pibinije  oeapa  cpioca, 
^louep  ip  bobp  lp  jac  aon  nib  Deap 

t)dp  po  jann  b'aon  bean  'pan  pi^eacc. 
6106  pin  agab  pompebope, 
Spanjleo  pile  ip  bpep-cap  mop 
Pouoepeo  haippin,  uebje  pomatum, 
TDupp  mate  oeanea 
Chum  a  gleupca, 
Ce  habaij  peap  a  copujab. 


11. 


6ipje  aip  maioin  'p  jleup  bo  capall, 
'S  imcij  leac  50  h-eupja, 

Siop  50  ^aillim  map  b-puil  na  ceannaijee, 
Uabaip  leac  jac  n!  bap  peibip ; 


pion 


sist  of  the  great  Milesian  families  of  Connaught, 
with  some  "  Strongbonians"  and  "  Cromwellians," 
"  TiD  nap  coip";  and  they  end  with  the  neigh- 
bouring gentry,  and  others  of  Iar-Connaught,  who 
are  summed  up  with  some  keen  touches  of  wit.  To 
complete  the  irony,  the  father  of  the  bride  is  intro- 
duced, and  the  furniture  of  his  cabin  displayed,  viz., 
a  pot,  a  spinning-wheel,  and  a  kneading-trough  for 
dough;  although  bread  was  a  luxury  which  the 
family  never  tasted.  The  spirit  of  this  curious  poem 
would  be  entirely  lost  by  translation.  See  Tytler's 
"  Principles,"  chap.  xiii. 

0  "  The  wedding  of  Peggy  O'Hara,"  but  more 
generally  called  the  "  Conamara  wedding."  The 
number  of  English  v,  ords,  borrowed  for  want  of  corres  - 
ponding  terms  in  Irish,  shews  the  increase  of  the  Eng- 


lish language  in  Iar-Connaught.  These  alien  addi- 
tions would  be  indignantly  rejected  by  the  older  bards. 

i*  Laurence  Fechin,  i.  e.  Laurence  the  son  of 
Fechin.  The  surname  was  Coneely,  for  which 
see  ante,  p.  27,  note  '.  It  is  common  in  the 
west  of  Ireland  to  make  the  Christian  name  of  the 
father  answer  as  a  surname  for  the  son.  Hence 
Fechin  Coneely's  son  is  called  Laurence  Fechin. 
This  practice  has  tended  to  multiply  surnames. 
With  this  Laurence  the  irony  commences.  He  was 
a  little  lame  tailor  of  Cloghaun  (Clifden),  a  bad 
horseman,  and  certainly  the  most  unfit  provider  of 
a  feast  that  could  possibly  be  selected. 

1  Rascal.  A  slang  name  formerly  given  in  the 
west  of  Ireland  to  an  outside  great-coat.  This  is 
one  of  the  borrowed  words. 


pion  a'p  bpanDi,  piucpa  canoi, 

Piobap,  coppe  a'p  cea  leac, 
Gn  pjian  'p  an  pope,  'p  an  miaprhcnc  jeal, 

'S  na  DeapmaiD  coioce  an  peacap. 

Qn  puo  do  biap  an  bainip  mop, 
Cearpap  aip  piccio  oe  luccceoil. 
6anop  op  mupic  uj  an  j-ciiilpionn 
Ip  lao  50  pujac 
CI5  peinm  ciuin  aip  ceaoaib. 

in. 
Cabaip  leac  mupcapo,  miapan  cupcaipo, 

Cuppeen  mop  ip  ceapoc, 
6ioo  an  jac  lam  leac  cupla  lap 

Qjup  lao-pin  lun  lamaica1", 
GblaiD,  ualnucp,  cnocaio  jalloa, 

Cemonp  le  punch  a  oeanarii, 
Ume  oecancepp,  beoip  'na  ceann-pan, 
6106  do  bopo-pa  jleupca. 

6ainip  cacbapac  50  leop, 
Cucaib  milpe  ip  pancacep  mop, 
pion  a  n-jlainlo,  punch  a  5-canaio, 
Q  laim  jac  pcappuioe, 
Ct  m-beal  jac  bealaij, 
loip  oa  ceann  na  miopa. 

IV. 

Cabaip  leac  baD  oe  leann  maic  laioip, 

66n  luce  can  ip  piompa, 
Na  oeapmaiD  jpaiceip,  cabaip  do  paic  leac, 

Nucmej  a'y  palcpecpe ; 
Paca  capoaio,  bopca  caiplip, 

peac,  na  paj  na  oiplfje, 


Sm 


r  "Jamaica,"  i.e.  rum.     "Geneva"  i.e.  gin,  is      dered  genuine,  as  it  was  more  frequently  "smug 
often  substituted  for  this  word ;  but  rum  is  consi-       gled"  into  Conamara  than  Geneva. 


289 

Sm  ip  a  Ian  nac  b-puil  'pan  5-capoa, 
Cobac  laioip  ip  piopaib. 

Qn  puo  a  biop  an  paclaip  mop, 
,  Q  b-puil  an  Gipinn  oe  luce  ceoil, 

Spoipc  ip  aiceap,  glop  ip  caipmipe 

Ppip  an  ainnip, 

Q5  luce  eala6na  na  eipe. 

v. 
Sjolbapo  Ppancacs  pa£  jan  ariipup, 

tanja  ip  cpopj  ma  peioip, 
6peac  ip  bpaban,  ponnac,  j'jaoan, 

6106  50  po  maic  jleapca. 
Ni  mop  6uic  pionall,  fm  ip  peippill, 

po^nann  pin  oon  meio  pin. 
6pan  ip  ballac  ip  cnuoan  oeapj 

Oo  conjnam  cum  an  peapca. 

Caiepip  copbapb,  pluc  ip  pol, 

^liomac  muipe  ip  papcan  mop. 

^ac  lapjr,  aip  aiceap  ip  an  eclaoac, 

^0  piu  an  copcoipe. 

t)o  peip  mo  ruijpin  ni  beib  aip  eapbaio, 

Caicpip  a  cup  le  cede. 

VI. 

Paj  peap  junna  ip  cuip  amac  e, 

Q  mapbpap  oumne  eanlaio, 
Naopga  ip  peaboj,  miap  rnaic  opuioeog, 

Cpeabap  caoc  ip  ceippeac  ; 
Cupla  colum  biop  a  5-colamn, 

Sin  ip  buinnean  leana', 
tonnoub,  jealban,  cpucac  pearinap, 

Uibjeon,  ip  maic  an  c-ean  e. 

Cairpiom 

s  Sjolbapo  ppancac. — Afish  known  inEng-       ble  for  his  booming  in  the  leana,  "  the  sedgy  shal- 
lish  by  the  name  of  "  Maiden-ray."     Raia  clavata.         low."     Ardea  stellaris. 

'  6uinnean  leana. The  bittern,  remarka- 

1RISH    ARCH.    SOC.    1 5.  2P 


290 

Ccnrpiom  parpuipjloe,  d'  pujjail 
p  a  5-cup  ap  pceuepp  puap  aip  clap, 
Caca  ip  bapoal,  je  ajup  janoal, 
Coileac  ppancac,  bioo  piao  pancac 
Qn  a  opeam  pin,  'nuaip  a  Blop  piao  jleupca. 

VII. 

Paj  pjaca  mapcuijeacc  'p  bioo  ja  leajao 

6uproi|iije  na  cipe, 
Oeanpap  peunnao  50  luar  capaio, 

lp  muipbeocap  psaca  caopuc. 
Qn  piai^  mop  beannac",  bpoc  an  jleanna. 

Sin  'pen  etlicc  maol  leac 
Uan  ip  luan,  jubap  ip  mionan, 

Ni  copcapjaca  b-puije  ru. 

6106  luoij5  mair  biaoca  jleupra  aip  bopo, 
Cope  mop  pearhap,  ip  pijin  65, 
TTliolbuioe  ip  comin,  cupla  picin, 
Do  peip  mo  rui^pe.  ip  moioe  an  r-einneuc. 
lao  a  beir  bpuirce  ip  popcra. 

VIII. 

Sjiop  oe  pjioppab  plop  50  Slijeac 

"S  cabaip  O'Concubaip"  cpean  leur. 
ftpianai^,  Oulaij,  plairbeapraijj,  rDuilli^. 

O'Ceapbaill  "p  O'Neill  leur: 

u   Qn    piaiJ5   mop   6eannac.  —  The   ml  Walter  Coneys,  who  built  the  first  boose  in  Clifdto. 

mountain  deer.     See  p.  121,  note*.  see  p.  1  ll'.  n.>t<- r.    Th.'  ••  -reat  doctor,"  it  appears. 

*  The  Milesian  families  here   invited  wera   (he  was  an  itinerant  quack.  -  i  weB- 

O'Conors  Sligo,  the  O'Briens,  O'Dalys.  O'Flaherties.  known  "  smuggler"  of  the  name  of  Pa<: 

O'Malleys,     O'Carrolls,     O'Neills,    Mac    Carthys,  Cloch  a  Stone.  Gordon  mor,  or  Gordaa  the  great,  ■ 

O'Brien   Lord   Clare,    O'Rorke,   O'Hara,   and  Mao  testy  old  pedagogue ;   Bkhard  Martin,  the  late  00- 

Sweeny  Fanad.     Among  the  neighbouring  gentry,  lonel  of  duelling  celebrity ;  If.  St    George  ofHead- 

the  "  Strongbonians"  and  "  Cromwellians"  enume-  ford ;  the  Blakes  and  1 1  I  "Mistress  Davis." 

rated  in  the   succeeding  stanzas,   we  find  Geufl'ry  a  lady  who  used  to  boast  that  she  was  "  a  Crom- 

Coneys  of  Achrisbeg,  the  Bodkins,  the  Lynchesj  and  weOian  with  a  Williamiu 


291 

6iod  leac  Hlac  Capcaij,  Cijeapna  an  Chldip, 
O'Ruaipc  a  nfop  6'n  m-5peipne, 

Sin  'p  O'  h-6ajpa,  TTIac  Suibne  pdnaio, 

lp  Clann  (Dhoncaio  na  Ceipe. 

6106  Scpongbonianp  leac  50  leop, 

lTluincip  Cpomell,  516  nap  coip 

Qn  meib  o'  a  5-cine  nac  5-cuipim  an  puime 

6heipim  aip  pao  50  leip  661b. 

IX. 

Uiucpaib  an  lomao  aip  an  ccuipeao 

m6p  uaiple  na  cipe, 
Seacpun  Conep  a  b-puil  a  n-lomai6, 

66iDicInije  ip  tinpi je, 
&huicep  Conep  cpoice  jjjan  ceilj, 

'S  Seumap  6haba  Ppionnpa, 
Gnooccup  mop,  ip  mai^ipcip  Seon, 

'S  a  ihuincip  leip  cap  cimcioll. 

^luaip  aip  Paipje  TTlipcep  Scone, 
Supep-capjo  ip^opoon  mop, 
Ct  ccoinne  jpeice,  nf  nac  peioip, 
Ueoinj  pabouppa  cup  le  ceile, 
^jo  0-C1516  piaoaip  nu  copcaib. 

x. 
Cupla  paim  a  bi  'pan  lacaip, 

Qip  ap  mian  liom  cpaccao  aip  aon  piocc, 
Ripceapo  lTlaipcfn,  Sc.  ^eopje,  lTlanpepj, 

laplaij  ip  cijsjeapnai j  a  n-aoinpeacc; 
6punaij,  6lacaij  phupbaic  alamn, 

Ctjup  uaiple  bpeaj  na  h-Gipeann, 
&haicep  65  na  oeapmaio  pop, 

Oap  liom  niop  coip  a  cpeijionn. 

6106  jac  buine  map  cuaib  pe  a  5-ceim, 
Q  n-ionao  puioce  aip  leic  leip  pem, 
^an  aon  j'a  b-caicije  ace  pilioe 
placa  ip  pleapjaio  ealabna, 
Ce  h-ajaio  aipce  a  oeunam. 
2  P  2  XI 


292 


XL 


Nac  mop  an  oeapmao  pinne  an  peap 

t)o  cuaio  aj  cpuinniu^uo  an  peapci, 
hugo,  ITIapia,  Nopa  ni  Pharapcaij, 

Siobun  ip  mai^ipcpeap  Daibip. 
Qinnopm,  Ruaiopi^e,  6pi£io  ni  6hpuaoaip, 

lTlaipe  n!  Cuarail  ip  benup, 
6pijib  ip  Uomap,  mumcip  Cioeain, 

Ip  Sreapan  ceann  an  rheio  pin. 

6u6  e  puo  pein  an  jliomac  coip, 
Qp  aije  pajbab  pcnr  an  oip, 
Qp  tomoa  cpopjan  1  n-a  boran, 
Cupna  ip  qiomun  ip  maiot  iceam. 
Poca,  lopao  ip  cpiarap.'' 


The  ironical  song  or  mock-elegy  which  follows,  is  an  old  favorite  in  Iar-Couna    . 
It  has  been  attributed  to  Mac  Sweeny,  but  improperly,  lor  it  is  now  ascertained  to  be 
the  production  of  a  cotemporary  bard  of  perhaps  superior  powers,  the  late  Kichard 
Barret,  a  native  of  Erris  in  Mayo;  and  every  lri>h  reader  will,  we  think,  I 
at  finding  it  preserved  here.     It  is  entitled  Eoghan  coir,  which  may  be  paraphrased 
Owen,  the  honest  and  humane.     This  hero  is  still  remembered  as  one  of  the  most  ra- 
pacious "  land-agents"  of  his  time.     For  poignancy  of  wit.  and  felicity  of  expn 
these  few  stanzas  have  seldom  been  excelled.     Mr.  Knight,  in  his  Account  of  Erris, 
Dublin,  1836,  8vo.  describes  Barret  as  "a  man  of  real  genius,  though  entirely  unknown 
to  the  world.     His  humorous  compositions,  in  Irish,  were  exceedingly  pleasant.  1 
rally  ironically  satirical ;  he  extravagantly  praised  those  for  qualities  of  which  th«y  had 
the  opposites." — p.  121.     The  following  is  one  of  the  latter  description: — 

"Gojjhcm  coi|i. 

"  Nac  6  po  an  pjeal  oeacpac  'pan  efp-p, 
Q  n-anacaip  cpoioe  ajup  bpom, 
O  pa^bup  pe  Cpeajcm  an  line 

^o  o-cei6  pe  £0  o-ci  an  Pal  mop. 
Q  leir^io  oe  pjpeaoao  'p  oe  caoine 
Nfop  cluineao  'pan  o-rip-pi  pop, 
^18,  ni  puil  ajainn  a  n-ionjnao, 

O  cailleao.  papaoip  !     Gojan  coip. 

6hi 


293 

6hi  jnaoi  ajup  jean  aj  jac  n-aon  aip, 

Qn  peanouine  cpion  'p  an  c-65, 
6hl  an  paibbip  'p  an  baibbip  a  n-gpab  leip 

lTlap  jeall  aip  a  cpoibe  mair,  mop, 
Ce  coja  lp  le  poja  na  cipe 

X)o  caireab  pe  pfopaio  oip, 
lp  le  oaoine  bocca  eile  niop  ppib  leip 

froibeal  oe'n  c-pibin  o'ol. 

Ca  Gncoine  Ouabain  aj  caofneao, 

lp  ni  beib  Seajan  O'&aoijilla  b-pao  bed, 
O  cailleao  a  5-capaio  'pan  cip  po 

'p  e  b'pajbaio  a  5-cpoioe  paoi  bpon; 
Qn  anacaip  caraip  niop  pineab, 

'p  e  meapaim,  pa  liaj  na  poo, 
Qoin  neac  buo  rheapa  oo'n  ofp-pi 

lond  an  buine  bocc  maol,  Gojan  coip. 

6uo  po  rhair  ag  cogbail  an  ciopa  e, 

6u6  fteafi  aije  mi  no  66, 
^o  n-biolcaio  an  bo  aip  an  aonac, 

No  an  jioca  00  bioeao  'pan  c-peol. 
'S  e  oubaipr  Seamap  pheabaip  mic  Riabaij, 

lp  e  aj  ajaipc  aip  Rfj  na  n-beop, 
t)o  peip  map  bi  pe-pion  00  oaoinib 

^up  ab  ariilaib  beio  Cpiopoa  66. 

Qon  agup  peace  annpa  line, 

Gjup  oce  bo  cup  piop  paoi  66w, 
Cpa  jlac  pe-pion  ceab  le  na  oaoine 

Qgup  niop  labaip  pe  gioj  niop  mo. 
Ca  pe  beapbea,  pjpiobca, 

5UP  calam  ip  cpioc  gac  beo, 
lp  com  pao  ap  beiomio  'pan  c-paojal-po 

Ca  mipoe  ouinn  bpaon  beag  b'ol. 

"  A.  D.  1788. 


NOTE 


294 


NOTE  A. A.     Seepage  115,  note  w.     "  Bofia  isle.'' 

The  island  of  Bonn  was  surrendered  to  the  Parliamentary  forces  on  the  14th  of 
February,  1652.  The  articles  of  capitulation  will  be  found  among  the  curious  collec- 
tion of  that  class,  announced  for  publication  by  the  Irish  Archeological  Society.  The 
few  extracts,  from  other  original  sources  relating  to  this  island,  which  follow  here, 
may  be  found  useful  by  the  future  topographer. 

After  the  surrender,  the  "  State''  ordered  that  the  fortifications  at  Bonn  should  be 
repaired.  But  on  20th  Feb.  1655,  Sir  Hardresse  Waller,  and  Colonels  HJewBOD  and 
Sankey  represented  to  the  Council  of  State,  that  "the  works  at  Boffin  should  be  aban- 
doned, and  the  garrison  drawn  thence  to  some  other  place ;  and  £1 000  to  be  advanced  to 
block  up  the  harbour."  It  was  accordingly  ordered,  "  that  if  any  undertaker  will  un- 
dertake to  block  up  the  harbour  there,  and  secure  the  performance,  he  may  have  £600 
for  so  doing;  and  to  sell  the  barque  Elizabeth  of  Gal  way,  which  was  sent  to  Bumn  to 
carry  lime-stone  there." — Original  Council  Book,  Dublin  Castle. 

This  intention  of  blocking  up  the  harbour  was  afterward-  abandoned,  and  the  State 
again  resolved  to  fortify  the  island.     On  3rd  June,  1656,  it  was  ordered,  "  that  a  fort 
be  erected  and  built  on  the  island  of  Boffin,  and  that  tin-  other  fortifications  thi 
repaired,  for  the  defence  of  the  said  island;  and  that  of  the  22  guns  in  the  island,  6  or 
8  of  the  shorter  size  be  sent  to  Galway  for  the  State's  use,  and  that,  instead  of  t). 
longer  be  senttoBoffyn  with  good  carriages,  bullets,  &<■." — LI.    On  12th  June,  1656, 
ordered,  "that  it  shall  be  taken  into  consideration  to  send  an  able,  pious,  and  orthodox 
minister  of  the  gospell  to  be  settled  at  Bofin,  to  be  paid  with  the  company."'     Also 
"  that  Sir  Charles  Coote  do  consider  of  ordering  that  Colonel  John  Honnor,  the  gover- 
nor there,  shall  suffer  no  Irish  to  keepe  any  boats  upon  any  parte  of  that  a 
Ir-conaght,  the  co.  of  Mayo,  or  adjacent  islands;  also  to  exclude  all  ill-affected  Irish 
out  of  that  island,  and  clearing  the  same  of  all  dangerous  and  disaffected  persons."' 
Also,  on  same  day :  "  Whereas  this  Council  Board  is  informed  that  there  is  a  ne 
of  appointing  a  Justice  of  peace  for  the  island  of  Baffin,  to  take  care  for  the  mendinge 
of  highways  from  Galway  towards  the  said  island,  and  also  to  regulate  other  disi.irdt.-rs 
there — ordered  that  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  the  great  seale  be  and  are  hereby  de- 
sired to  put  Lieutenant  Colonel  Honnor,  governor  of  the  said  island,  in  the  commis?ion 
of  the  peace  for  the  counties  of  Galway  and  Mayo." — LI.     The  useful  work  her. 
gested,  viz.  "the  mending  of  highways  from  Galway  towards  the  said  Island,"  was  not 
effected,  in  consequence  of  the  political  chaDges  which  soon  after  took  place;  nor  was 
any  improvement  of  the  kind  attempted  for  more  than  150  years  after  that  period. 

On  1 2th  Aug.,   1656,  Sir  Charles  Coote,  Lord  President  of  Connaught.  certified 

"  that 


295 

"  that  the  town  of  Galway,  the  isles  of  Arran,  Inisbuffyn,  Clagganbay,  Lettermalin,  &c. 
were  then  garrisoned ;  and  conceived  most  necessary  that  they  should  be  continued  as 
standing  garrisons." — Original 'Council  Book.  Soonafter  this,  James  Darcy  petitioned  the 
Council,  setting  forth,  "  that  the  Commissioners  of  Loughreahave  lately  assigned  him 
a  proporcon  of  wast  and  course  mountayne  land  in  the  barrony  of  Ballinehinsy,  in  the 
territory  of  Ire-Connaught,  which  yieldeth  very  little  profitt  either  to  the  petitioner, 
or  any  other  inhabitants  that  might  be  drawn  to  reside  thereon :  And,  that,  although 
the  principall  profitt  of  the  said  land,  in  all  times,  hath  been  by  fishing  on  the  sea 
coast,  yet  the  Governor  of  Innes-Boffin,  and  others,  have'lately  seized  on  some  boates" 
(see  the  preceding  order  of  12th  June,  1656)  "  belonging  to  some  tenants  who  reside 
on  parte  of  the  said  landes,  and  would  not  permitt  the  said  tenants  to  take  any  fish  on 
the  said  coast  without  disturbance." — Order  :  "  Eefer  the  same  to  Sir  Charles  Coote, 
to  give  such  order  therein  as  he  shall  hold  just.  Council  Chamber  in  Dublyn,  the 
26th  Jan.,  165!-.     Thos.  Herbert,  Clarke  of  the  Councill." — Id. 

The  Council  books  from  which  the  foregoing  extracts  have  been  taken,  contain  im- 
portant documents  relating  to  the  general  history  of  Ireland,  at  that  period.  Other 
notices  of  Inisbofin  and  the  "  Owles,"  taken  from  the  same  sources  and  intended  for 
insertion  here,  are  reserved  for  an  opportunity  which  it  is  hoped  may  yet  occur,  of  il- 
lustrating the  History  and  Antiquities  of  Mayo,  particularly  its  western  districts.  The 
future  topographer  of  that  great  and  interesting  county,  will  derive  valuable  informa- 
tion from  the  "  Genealogies,  Tribes,  and  Customs  of  Hy-Fiachrach,"  printed  for  the 
Irish  Archaeological  Society,  A.  D.  1844. 

NOTE  B.B.     See  page  1 1 8,  note  x.     "  Robert  Martin." 

"  Trial  of  Mr.  Robert  Martin  for  the  murder  of  Lieut.  Henry  Jolly;  at  the  bar  of 
the  King's  Bench,  Dublin,  2nd  May,  1735. 

"  The  Court  being  sat,  and  the  following  jury  sworn,  viz.  Michael  Burke — Thomas 
French — Henry  Burke — John  Burke — Ross  Mahon — William  Boylan — John  Holli- 
day — John  Broughton — "Walter  Lambert — David  Poor — George  Davis — (  One  omitted.) 
The  first  witness  for  the  Crown  was  Lieut.  Geo.  Bell. — Was  not  present  at  the  time  of 
the  quarrell  between  the  prisoner  and  deceased,  but  very  soon  after  deceased"s  death, 
saw  him  lying  on  the  ground,  in  a  gore  of  blood ;  and  his  body  with  several  fresh 
bleeding  wounds,  three  of  which  were  on  his  right  side  close  upon  his  breast,  and  one 
of  them  pierced  out  of  his  back  quite  through  and  through  his  body.  Deceased  had 
also  two  wounds  more  on  the  left  side,  which  penetrated  the  very  cavity  of  his  body. 
Having  been  asked  by  the  Court  had  deceased  any  other  wounds,  he  said,  a  few  on  his 
left  hand  and  arm,  but  they  would  not  prove  mortal.    He  felt  to  know  if  deceased  had 

any 


296 

any  pulse,  and  found  none.  This  testimony  he  gave  at  the  Coroner's  Inquest  on  the 
deceased's  body  at  Galway.  The  Court  and  the  Prisoner  asked  this  witness  way  few- 
questions,  his  testimony  being  only  grounded  on  the  description  of  the  deceased's 
wounds. 

"  Captain  Edward  Southwell,  sworn — Mr.  Jolly  and  witness  were  diverting  them- 
selves in  a  billiard-room  at  a  coffee-house  in  Galway.  The  prisoner  Martin  furiously 
came  up  into  the  room,  drew  his  sword,  and  instantly  demanded  satisfaction  of  the 
rascal  who  spit  upon  him  as  he  was  passing  by.  Witness  answered  it  was  he  that  did 
it,  but  through  no  affrontful  design,  and  in  the  most  humble  manner  asked  his  pardon. 
Such  humility  little  availed,  for  Mr.  Martin  insisted  upon  further  satisfaction,  and, 

being  in  a  very  great  passion,  witness  said,  '  Let  me  go  to  my  barrack  for  a  sword I 

will  very  speedily  return,  and  comply  with  your  request  ;'  there  being  no  sword 
between  either  Mr.  Southwell  or  the  deceased,  Mr.  Jolly. 

"  Prisoner  asked  witness  was  the  first  attack  by  the  deceased  with  any  instrument 
not  a  sword,  at  the  billiard-table,  before  the  prisoner  drew  his  -word?    Answer. N 

"The  next  evidence  was  Robert  Watson,  the  coffee-boy,  who  swore  that  there  were 
four  yards'  distance  at  the  Billiard-table  between  Mr.  Martin  and  Mr.  Jolly:  the  latter 
standing  by  the  window,  and  Mr.  Martin  at  the  door  with  his  -word  drawn,  and 
approached  Mr.  Jolly.  That  Mr.  Jolly  took  up  a  chair  to  defend  himself,  through 
the  frame  of  which  the.  prisoner  made  several  thrusts  at  the  di  a 

"  The  evidence  on  behalf  of  the  prisoner  were  Julian  Mathews  Xich<  "      ] 

Donnolly  ;  and  others  who,  to  their  knowledge,  gave   their  several   testimonies  in 
favour  of  the  prisoner.     Donnolly's  testimony  appeared  very  much  in  his  favour,  and 
of  great  moment  to  the  jury.     The  Court  then  summed  up  the  evidence,  and  char; 
the  jury;  who,   after  some  stay,  brought  in   the  verdict  NOT  GUILTY.     Dublin, 
printed  by  E.  Waters,  Blind  Quay,  1735." 

This  report  was  evidently  a  hasty  and  imperfect  publication,  is-ued  immediately 
after  the  trial,  to  gratify  public  curiosity;  and  cannot,  therefore,  be  much  depended 
upon.     The  panel  was  from  the  venue  of  the  offence;  and  the  lenity  of  a  "Gal-/ 
jury"  has  since  become  proverbial.      The  traverser  ten   yea:  mbreoed 

Protestant  faith.  See  Certificate,  No.  96,  dated  14th  July.  1745,  on  tne  "Convert 
roll"  containing  that  year,  in  the  Rolls  Office,  Dublin,  in  which  he  is  described  as 
"  Robert  Martin  of  Dangan  in  the  county  of  Galway,  Esq."  He  died  an  aired  man 
about  A.  D.  1792.     Lieutenant  Jolly  was  interred  in  St.  Nicholas'  Church.  Galway; 

where  the  following  inscription  may  be  seen  on  a  small  mural  monument: "Near 

this  place  lies  the  body  of  Henry  Jolly,  Lieutenant  of  Grenadiers  in  the  Hon.  General 
James  Dormer's  Regiment  of  Foot." 


APPENDIX. 


IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5.  2  Q 


299 


APPENDIX. 


I 


I. 

Composition  beheeen  Queen  Elizabeth  and  the  Lords,  Chieftains,  fyc.  of  Connaught. 

A.  D.  1585. 

T  was  not  until  late  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth  that  the  province  of  Connaught  was 
brought  under  subjection  to  the  Crown  and  laws  of  England.  The  proceedings 
by  which  that  event  was  achieved  were  commenced  by  the  Lord  Deputy,  Sir  Henry 
Sydney,  in  A.  D.  1575;  and  completed  by  a  succeeding  Deputy,  Sir  John  Perrot,  in  A.D. 
1585.  The  project  was,  to  divide  the  province  into  shires;  then  to  induce  the  lords 
and  chieftains  to  receive  sheriffs  into  those  shires;  and,  finally,  to  prevail  on  the  chiefs 
themselves  to  surrender  their  Irish  titles  and  tenures,  and  to  receive  back  their  pos- 
sessions by  patents  from  the  Crown,  to  descend  in  hereditary  succession  according  to 
the  laws  of  England.  In  a  dispatch  to  the  lords  of  the  Council,  A.  D.  1576,  Sir  Henry 
Sydney  writes,  that  he  had  "  proved  before  theim,"  i.  e.  the  lords  and  chieftains  of 
Thomond,  "  (lately  annexed  to  the  presidenty  of  Connaught  by  the  Name  of  the 
countye  of  Clare,)  the  verie  Eoote  and  Origine  of  their  Euyne  was  the  uncertaine 
Graunte  and  vnstable  possession  of  their  Landes,  wherevpon  grewe  their  Warres,  I 
brought  them  to  agree  to  Surrender  all  their  Landes,  and  take  it  of  her  Highnes 
agayne  and  yeelde  bothe  Eent  and  Service." — See  "  Letters  and  Memorials  of  State," 
before  referred  to,  p.  125.     Fo.  London,  1747,  vol.  i.  p.  102. 

On  28th  April,  1576,  the  Lord  Deputy  further  informed  the  Council  that  he  had 
"  devided  Connaught  (besides  the  East  Breanie  or  Oreilies,  and  the  Annalye  or  Offeralls 
countrie)  into  fower  counties ;  namelye,  Sligo,  which  was  a  Parte  of  nether  Connaught 
and  Maio,  which  was  an  other  parte  of  the  same:  Galway,  which  was  called  Upper 
Connaught,  and  Rossecomrnen,  which  was  called  the  Playnes  of  Connaught. 

2  Q  2  "  Out 


3°° 

"  Out  of  the   countye  of  SlufO  I  had  nothing  but   I  at  those  humbly  e 

written  from  Ochonnor,  affirminge  that  he  durst  not  come.  the  Warn 

hapned  betwene  Odonnell,  and  Con  his  nephewe;  but  lewd  and  malitio  rather 

made  hym  afrayd,  as  I  take  it.     He  hath  tinder  his  Tyrannic  0  Dow  Mac 

Donoghes,  twoe   Okares,  and  Agare,  and  yet  he  hym  selfe  trybutarie  to  ODonmdL 
They  be  all  men  of  great  Landes,  and  they  shall  not  chuse,  but  yeelde  bothe  Bent  and 
Service,  to  the  Crowne;  all  but  Ochonnor  hym  selfe,  have  offered  it,  and  he,  to  be  dis- 
charged of  Odonnell,  will  most  willinglye  do  it;  I  loke  daylie  for  Oncarcke.  wfc 
Countrie  called  West  Breanye  is  also  a  Porcion  of  this  Countie,  with  whome  I  doubt 
not  but  to  conclude  for  a  good  Rente  and  Service  for  the  Que         i 
these  countries,  are  well  enhabited,  and  ritche,  and  more  Haunted  with  Straungi 
then  I  wish  it  were,  unles  the  Quene  were  better  answered  of  her  C 
moche  for  the  Countye  of  Sligo. 

"  Out  of  the  countye  of  Maio,  came  to  me  to  Galway,  first  scaven  principall  men 
of  the  Clandonells,  for  everye  of  theire  seaven  Linagies  one,  of  that  surname,  and  en 
bitinge  that  Countye,  all,  by  profession,  mercenarie  Soldiers,  by  the  name  of  GaUogi 
they  are  verie  stronge,  and  moche  of  the  wealth  of  the  countrie  is  under  theiiu:  I 
are  able  to  goe  where  they  will,  and  withe  the  Countenaunce  of  any  meane  L 
Force,  to  make  Warre  with  the  Greatest.     Theise  humblye  Bubmitted  theun 
and  their  severall  Linagies  to  her  Magestie,  protestinge,  by  othe,  and  byndinge  th 
selves  by  Endenture  and  Hostage,  never  to  stive  any,  but  with  Allowaunce  of  the 
Govornor.     Troth  it  is,  I  was  enformedby  Dyvers  Advertisments,  that  Mac  WilJ 
Ewghter  wold  not  come  to  me;  and  therefore  Idrewe  this  Plott,  that  I  wan  his  cfa 
Force  from  hym,  in  getting  theise  ClandoneBs:  But  it  fell  oul  otherwise  in  the  Ende, 
for  MacWilliam  verye  willinglye  came  hymselfe;  and  moche  the  rather,  by  the  good 
Perswasions,  and  Meanes  of  the  Deane  of  Ghrid  Churche,  one  of  this  ConnseU,  whome 
I  sent  into  Connaught,  when  I  went  in  Mounster,  onely  to  sonnde  the  D 
the  Potentates,  and  great  ones  of  that  Province;  and  therein  he  did  good  service,  and 
surelye  so  is  he  well  able,  both  for  his  owne  skill,  and  the  creditt  that  others  n  ; 
in  hym;  if  it  please  your  Lordship  to  bestowe  a  thankful!  lettre  upon  hym.  it  will  be 
verie  comfortable  to  the  olde  Man,  which  I  humbly  beseache  your  Lordships  to  doe. 
I  founde  Mac  William  verie  sencible,   though  wantinge    the  Euglishe   tongue,   yet 
imderstandinge  the  Lattin;  a  lover  of  Quiet  and  Civylitie,  detden  »us  to  holde  his  La- 
of  the  Quene,  and  suppresse  Irish  Extorcion,  and  to  expulse  the  Scotts,  who  swarme 
in  those  quarters,  and  in  deede  have  almost  suppressed  theim ;  in  some  Proffe  wli<  r 
he  taried  with  me,  most  of  the  Tyme  I  remayned  at  Gahcajj.  and  thence  went  with  me 
to  Athlone,  and  departed  not  till  I  went  from  thence,  where  verie  reverentlye,  by  Othe. 

he 


3oi 

he  shewed  his  feaultye,  and  did  his  Homage,  as  Humblye  bynding  hym  selfe,  as  well 
by  Othe  or  Indenture,  ever  hereafter  to  holde  his  Landes  of  her  Majestie,  and  her 
Crowne,  and  to  pay  yerelye  twoe  hundered  fyvetie  Markes  Sterlinge,  and  to  fynde 
twoe  hundered  Soldiors,  Horssemen  andFootemen,  for  two  Monethes  by  the  Yere;  and 
to  geve  theim  Foode  in  that  Proporcion,  as  I  trust,  in  Tyme,  shall  suffice  bothe  for 
their  Meate  and  Wagies.  In  one  of  his  Peticions  exhibited  unto  me,  he  humblye 
besought  (doubtinge  that  I  would  have  taken  away  the  Bonnaught  from  the  Clan- 
donells,  which  they  have  of  him  and  his  countrie)  that  they  might  (with  drawinge  it 
from  hym)  holde  it  of  the  Quene.  This  Devise  was  underhande  practized  by  me,  and 
they,  verie  glade  of  this  Overture  made  by  hym,  humblye  desiered  to  hold  it  of  her 
Majestie;  and  so,  by  Indenture  passed  betwixt  the  Galloglas  and  the  Quene,  they 
presentlye  doe.  This,  my  Lords,  is  an  entraunce  of  no  small  Consequence,  bothe  for 
the  reducinge  of  the  Countrie  to  her  Majesties  Obedience,  and  no  small  Increase  may 
be  made  besides  to  her  Commoditie,  and  the  Augmentacion  of  her  Revenue.  He 
received  his  Countrie  at  my  Handes,  by  Way  of  Senesshallshipp,  which  he  thanke- 
fullye  accepted.  The  Order  of  Knighthoode  I  bestowed  upon  hym,  whereof  he  semed 
verie  joyous ;  and  some  other  little  Triffies  I  gave  hym,  as  Tokens  betwene  hym  and 
me,  where  with  verie  well  satisfied  he  departed.  This  is  all  I  thought  necessarie  to 
write  of  Mac  William,  savinge  that  he  was  desierous  I  should  sende  thether  an 
Englishe  sheriffe,  as  I  have  lykewise  donne  in  all  the  other  Counties  within  that  Pro- 
vince, which,  of  late,  hath  bene  omitted :  Mac  William  protested  he  would  obey  hym 
I  sent,  and  geve  hym  Findinge  for  a  sufficient  Strenth  of  Men  on  Horssebacke  and 
Foote;  which  I  accomplished  accordinge  to  his  Desier,  and  sent  one  with  hym. 
Surelye,  my  Lords,  he  is  well  wonne,  for  he  is  a  great  man;  his  Lande  lyeth  a  longe 
the  West  North  West  Coast  of  this  Realme,  wherein  he  hathe  maney  goodly  Havens, 
and  is  a  Lorde  in  Territorie  of  three  Tymes  so  moche  Lande  as  the  Earll  of  Clan- 
ricarde  is.  He  brought  with  him  all  his  Betheren,  Mac  Phillipjnn,  who  in  Surname 
is  a  Bourke,  as  he  is;  and,  besides  theim,  a  great  Nomber  of  Owners  of  Landes  and 
Castells,  lienge  in  the  same  Countrey :  Omaylle  came  lykewise  with  him,  who  is  an 
originall  Irishe  Man,  stronge  in  galleys  and  Seamen;  he  earnestlye  sued  to  hold  of  the 
Quene,  and  to  pay  her  Rent  and  Service.  At  that  instant  were  also  with  me  Mac 
Phaten,  of  Englishe  surname,  Barrett;  Mac  Ivyle,  of  Englishe  surname,  Staunton;  Mac 
Jordan  of  the  lyke  Dexter,  Mac  Custelo  of  the  lyke  Nangle,  Mac  Morris,  of  English 
surname,  Prendergast;  and  theise  v  shewe  Matter  of  some  Recorde  and  Creditt,  that 
they  have  not  onely  bene  Englishe,  which  everye  man  confesseth,  but  also  Lordes  and 
Barons  in  Parliment,  as  they  theim  selves  affirme ;  and  suerlye  they  have  Landes  suf- 
ficient for  Barons,  if  they  might  weeld  their  owne  quietlye ;  but  so  bare,  barbarous 

Barons 


302 

Barons  are  they  nowe,  as  they  v  have  not  three  Hacki:  arrye  theim  and  ti 

Trayne  Home.     There  were  with  me  maney  more  of  lower  Degree,  and  no  deep* : 
Wealth,  as  the  Chiefe  of  Clanandros,  and  Mac  T/tomyn;  both  they,  and  maney  m 
Barretts,  Cusackes,  Lynches  {Lynottes)  and  of  sundrie  Englisfie  surnames,  now  degene- 
rate, and  all  lamentinge  their  Devastacion,  and  with  one  Consent  crienge  for  Justice  and 
Englishe  Government,  in  so  miserable  (and  yet  magnanimous)  Manner,  as  it  would  make 
an  English  Harte  to  feele  Compassion  with  theim ;  and  thus  for  the  Countye  of  M 

"  Touchinge  the  countye  of  Galway;  first,  I  finde  the  Towne  of  Gulvray  moche 
decaied,  both  in  Nomber  of  expert  sage  men  of  yeares,  and  younge  Men  of  Warre,  in 
respect  of  that  I,  have  seene;  which  great  Decay  hath  Growen  thorough  the  horrible 
Spoyle  donne  upon  theim,  by  the  Sonnes  of  the  Earle  of  Clonricharde,  in  so  moche  as 
it  was  evidentlye  proved  before  me,  that  fiftie  Howseholders  of  that  Towne  doe  nowe 
enhabite  under  Mac  William  Croghter.  And  it  seameth.  they  have  not  ou 
their  Wealth,  but  with  it  their  Wittes  and  Hartes;  Surelye  it  may  well  seme  they 
were  in  Pointe  to  have  geven  up  all,  and  almost  to  have  forgotten  that  they  received 
any  corporacion  of  the  crowne;  but  I  trust  they  are  nowe  revived,  and  I  hope  on 
mending  Hande.  Duringe  mine  Aboade  there,  the  Earle  of  Clanricarde  continuallye 
attended  on  me,  and  so  did  the  Earle  of  Thomounde,  the  Archbishopp  ol  Ttioiu.  the 
Bishopps  of  Clanfert  and  Kilmagkogh,  and  the  Baron  of  Athenric.  by  suruauit  Beri- 
mingkme,  as  poore  a  Baron  as  lyveth,  and  yet  agreed  on  to  lie  the  aum  ron 

in  this  Lande;   Oflahertye,  Okelley,  and  maney  of  their  Surnames,  which  are  verve 
great;  0  Madden,  and  all  of  any  Accompt  of  that  Surname;  Oit(wghton.  and  maney 
other  pettie  Lordes  ami  Capteines  of  Countries,  all  were  with  me,  con-  --     - 
they  ought  service,  cravinge  thai  fchej    might  hold  their  Landes  immediatlve  of  her 
Highnes:  Theise  are  the  principal]  of  this  Countye,  savinge  Boche  as  be  i 
Clanrickards  Sute  or  Surname,   as  Oheyne,  originall  Irishe,   and  in  old  Tyni 
great,  nowemeane:  Mm  Cough,  Mac  Hubbert,  Mac  Davye,  Mae  Ednumnd,  Mae  Red- 
mounde;  all  theise  Burls,  and  many  more,  but  all  holdinge  of  the  Earle  oi  Cla>, 
(by  due  Service  saj^eth  he)  but  Thorough  Oppression,  Bay  they,  but  all        -  tor 

Reformation  crye  for  Englishe  Governement  and  wokl  feyne  b<  dd  of  the  Queue  and  her 
Crowne....  I  departede   from    thence  the    xxii"'  of  Mai  -        through 

Athenrie.     I  went  thence  with  the  Earle  of  Clanrickarde,  and  was  verye  honora; 
enterteined  with  hym.     The  next  Night  I  lodged  in   the  KeUie*  Countrie,   and  the 
Night  followinge  in  the  Castle  of  Kossecommon. 

"  I  stayed  at  Rossecommon  but  a  night,  both  for  that  I  had  apointed  Provision  at 
Athlone,  which  is  in  the  Same  Countye:  as  also,  for  that  I  found  nothinge  there  laved 
in  to  furnishe  me  withall,  and  therefore  willed  the  Assemblie 

dur 


3°3 

duringe  my  abode  at  Eosscommon,  0  Chonnor  Donne  come  unto  me,  whose  Auncestor, 
they  say,  was  sometymes  called  Kinge  of  Connaught.  The  Castle  of  Eossecommon  I 
tooke  from  hym  in  my  former  Governement,  whose  Auncestors  possessed  the  same 
the  contynuance  of  cxl  Yeares,  and  never  came  into  English  men  Handes :  vnder  his 
Eule  there  are,  Obyrne  and  Offlun.  0  Chonnor  Eoe  came  not  at  me,  for  Feare  I  wold 
make  hym  make  Recompence  for  Hurts  donne  in  the  Rebellion  Tyme;  under  hym  is 
Oflanigan,  but  I  can  have  theim  when  I  will,  and  make  theim  bothe  Arme  in  Arme 
beare  and  drawe,  with  their  Fellowes.  Mac  Dermod  was  with  me,  and  one  under  hym 
called  Mac  Manus;  theise  people,  and  some  more  pettie  Lordes  enhabite  the  Playnes 
of  Connaught,  and  are  all  destroyed  by  the  Scotts  chieflye.  The  Countrie  is  large,  and 
of  excellent  Soyle ;  the  best,  and  all  the  rest  Beggars,  desireous  to  be  delyvered  from 
the  Tyrannie  of  their  stronger  Neighbours  they  all  craue  to  be  subiected  to  the  Eng- 
lish Governement.  A  number  of  perticular  Cawsies  were  ended  duringe  my  beinge  at 
jLthlone,  wher  I  remayned  ix  days  in  which  Tyme  was  executed  a  notable  Rebell  of 
the  Burks,  whome  I  cawsed  to  be  apprehended  in  the  countye  of  Gal  way;  and  by 
Order  of  Lawe,  (for  Burninge  comitted  by  hym  in  Westmeithe)  he  was  indyted, 
atteinted,  and  executed  as  a  Traytor,  (whose  Landes  I  have  Cawsed  to  be  seised  to  her 
Magesties  Vse);  and  thus  moche  for  the  countye  of  Rossecommon. 

"  I  look  day  lie  for  Ochonnor  Sligo,  Orwarcke,  and  Odonnell,  and  Con  Odonnell,  his 
Nephewe,  and  doubt  not  but  so  to  agree  with  theim,  as  the  Scottes  shalbe  sone 
banished  out  of  that  Province  of  Connaught." — Letters  and  Memorials,  Sj-c,  vol.  i.p.  104. 

The  foregoing  is,  perhaps,  the  most  interesting  of  all  the  dispatches  made  by  Sir 
Henry  Sydney,  during  his  then  government  in  Ireland.  It  has  been  introduced 
here,  as  explanatory  of  the  causes  which  led  to  the  Composition  with  Connaught, 
and  introductory  to  the  documents  connected  with  that  measure,  which  follow. 
See  in  the  same  Collection,  vol.  i.  p.  114,  a  curious  account  of  the  Deputy's  pro- 
ceedings with  O'Rourke,  O'Conor  Sligo,  O'Donnell,  and  the  O'Kellys,  which  con- 
cludes thus: — "The  O'Kellies  and  I  are  agreed,  and  Articles  of  the  same  drawne 
betwene  us  to  be  perfected  at  Michelmas  Terme  next ;  from  which  Terme  for  ever, 
they  shall  pay  for  their  Countrie  in  Rent  and  Service,  better  than  fyve  hundred 
Markes  gerelge."  Soon  after  that,  the  Lord  Deputy  was  recalled,  and  the  progress  of 
this  "  Civil  Reformation"  of  the  province  was  in  a  great  measure  suspended,  until  the 
government  of  Sir  John  Perrot,  in  A.  D.  1585s. 

The 

a  The  following  intermediate  State  document  may  Sir  Nicholas  Malby,   Knight,   for  the  better  gover- 

serve  to  develope  the  views  of  Government,  in  A.  D.  merit  of  the  Province  of  Connaght.     At  Westmin- 

1579,  respecting  the  "  Civil  Reformation"  here  re-  ster  the  last  of  March,  1579,  in  the  xxi.  yere  of  our 

ferred  to.     It  is  entitled,  "  Orders  to  be  obsarved  bv  Kaiffne. 


3°4 

The  achievement  of  the  "Composition,"  appear^   to  have  been  a  principal  object 
with  Sir  John  Perrot.     Accordingly,  on    15th  July,  1585,  a  commission  issued,  di- 
rected 


"  Elizabeth  R. 

"Ffirst,  forasmuch  as  We  have  determyned  to 
unite,  and  by  theise  presents  do  unite  the  Country  of 
Thomond  otherwise  called  the  Countie  of  Clare  to 
your  govennent  of  Connaght  as  yt  was  in  the  tyme 
of  Sir  Edward  Fitton  or  any  other  President*  or 
governor  of  that  province ;  Our  pleasure  is  that  you 
do  carefully  consider  of  the  nomber  of  Baronyes 
within  that  Countie,  and  after  view  &  consideracon 
of  the  same,  to  resarve  upon  the  said  Baronies  bui  1i 
yerely  somes  of  money,  services  of  men,  laborers  in 
our  works  &  cariadge  horses  by  consent  of  the  gentle- 
men and  freeholders  as  ratably  is  resarved  in  the 
rest  of  Connaght  by  the  late  Composicons  made  by 
you  there,  the  same  to  passe  by  Indentur  betwene 
you  &  the  said  gentlemen  of  Thomond. 

2.  "  Also  that  you  have  a  BpetiaU  regard  to  the 
comen  quiet  of  that  countrie  of  Thomonde  and  to 
prevente  such  hurts  hereafter  as  have  bene  don  be- 
twene those  of  Thomond  &  the  Inhabitaunts  of  Clan- 
ricard,  severelie  punishinge  those  on  both  sides  the 
mountayns  that  shall  give  any  mayntenaunce  to  the 
proclaymed  Eebels  of  the  Bourks,  &  others  that  live 
in  those  parts,  unlese  they  shalbe  lycenml  by  you 
to  gev  them  releefe  when  any  such  Rebell  shalbe 
protected  by  you,  &  not  otherwise. 

3.  "  Also  wheare  by  advice  of  our  Counsell  heere, 
wee  have  thought  it  necessary  that  the  north  parte 
of  the  cittie  of  Lymerick  from  Xewgate  upward  where 
the  Castell  standeth,  might  sarve  as  the  Sliire  towne 
for  the  Countie  of  Clare  at  the  tyme  of  the  assist  s, 
because  a  good  Jurie  maie  be  had  there  for  thorderly 
trial!  of  all  the  Coimtrie  causes,  That  uppon  your 
impartinge  of  those  our  orders  to  the  Lord  Justice 
of  that  Realme  that  he  and  you  resolve  upon  som 
meane  how  to  drawe  the  Major  &  inhabitaunts  of 
Lymerick  to  consente  thereunto  either  by  parliament 
or  otherwise,  or  at  least  for  a  tyme  t\  11  som  apte 
place  in  Thomond  maie  at  the  Countrie  chardges  be 


circuited  with  a  wall,  which  we  think  not  harde  to 
be  broght  to  passe  in  this  peaoaMe  tyme.  wherein 
we  are  contented  that  the  laborers  to  be  resarved  to 
us  in  the  •  omposicons  be  imployed,  &  do  refer  to 
you  the  choise  of  the  place,  »*b  we  conoeave  mak 
fitUe  be  at  Quyne,  Killaloe.  or  Innis.  yf  Clare  1 
ours,  but  graunted  to  thearle  of  Tliomond  ;.- 
fbrmid. 

4.  "  Forther  yt   i-   to  be  wissh'-d  that  in  • 
Countie  ol  <  onnaght  where  there  are  not  alredieapt 
&  saulfe  places  for  thi  of  the  Assises  It 
Cessions,  that  the  Countie  at  their  chardges  were 
induced  by  good  ] 

circuit  a  convenyent  place  apte  for  a  to»ne.  with  a 
walloflymi  places  we  are  contente  to 

incorporat  with  Buch  liberties,  to  drawe  inhabitaants 
to  yt.  as  to  other  Corporaoons  of  like  situacon  within 
that  Bealm  have  ben  graunted:  Ffor  passing*  of 
which  graunts,  these  shalbe  sufficient  warrant  to  the 
Governor  for  the  tyme  Ix-inge :  which  Our  determy- 
nacon  &  desire  to  ha'  '.aces  of  strength 

builded.  we  will  you  in  our  name  to  signihV  to  all 
those  under  your  intie 

peribrmeoneworkeintl  e         .at  thaptest 

place  be  at  -  Bures 

(Bvrxthoot)  for  the  County  •   Roscoman 

for  the  Countie  of  B<  acoman,  *;  at  BaUenaaloe  for  the 
County  of  Galloway. 

5.  '•  An  1  5ug     uppon  a  w^ 

ill  (  bruit  and  disabili- 
tio  of  liis  Countrie,  obtayned  -rante  for  a 

graunt  to  passe  in  Irelande  for  the  fredom  of  his 
lands,  in  considi  t  Irish  per  annum,  to  be 

payed  by  hym,  which  graunte  he  hath  nether  passed 
there,  nor  obsarvid  the  condicons  to  l>e  performed  on 
bis  parte:  we  tliink  it  unite  that  ye  treat*  with  hvm, 
to  yelde  to  such  Comp  -  t  the  cap- 

tayns  of  Countries  within  that  Province  have  con- 
1  unto,  ratibly  accordinge  to  the  quanutie  of 


3°5 

rected  to  Sir  Richard  Bingham  Governor  of  Connaught,  the  Earls  of  Thomond  and 
Clanrickard,  the  Baron  of  Athenrie,  Sir  Tyrrelagh  O'Brien,  Sir  Eichard  Bourke  Mac 

William 


his  countrie,  which  we  thinke  reasonable,  as  well 
in  respect  of  our  chardge  and  expences  as  setling  a 
Goverment  ther  for  defence  of  hym,  and  other  of  his 
qualitie,  as  also  that  the  condioons  to  be  observed 
by  hym  have  not  ben  kepte  accordinge  to  the  worde 
and  meaninge  in  our  former  graunte. 

6.  "  Also,  we  thinke  yt  convenyent  that  Connaght 
be  restored  to  the  auncyent  boundes,  &  that  the  go- 
verment thereof  be  under  you,  especially  of  all  the 
lands  of  Connaght  &  Thomond,  beinge  within  the 
waters  of  Shenyn,  Loughrye,  &  Lough  Erne;  &  be- 
cause Maguyer  chalengeth  som  Hands  in  the  Lough, 
&  som  uppon  the  mayne  uppon  Connaght  side,  Our 
pleasure  is  that  you  make  chalenge  of  a  rente,  by  waie 
of  Composicon,  for  so  muchtherof  as  is  out  of  Ulster, 
thinking  yt  also  reasonable  that  for  his  lands  in 
Connaght  he  shall  beare  with  that  province  accord- 
inge to  the  quantitie  of  the  soyle,  &  to  the  Composi- 
tions resarved  uppon  others,  wherein  our  pleasure  is, 
he  be  as  favorably  dealte  withal,  as  any  other  of  Con- 
naght that  hath  compounded  (the  goocbiess  of  the 
soyle  considered). 

7.  "  Also  whereas  at  our  chardge  a  bridge  hath 
ben  lately  buylded  at  Ballenslowe  uppon  the  river  of 
Sucke,  &  that  there  is  great  liklihode  that  the  same 
should  be  shortlie  overthrowne  yf  the  Castell  there 
weare  in  the  kepinge  of  thlrish,  or  any  doubtfull 
or  undutifull  subject;  We  have  thought  mete  in 
respect  of  our  service  that  the  said  Castell  be  con- 
tyneued  in  our  hands  &  possession,  being  in  the 
comen  passadge  to  Galloway:  And  therfor  do  will 
you  to  kepe  yt  to  our  use,  with  a  warde  therin 
accordinge  to  the  chardge  now  assigned  in  our 
establishment  of  thArmy,  tyll  such  tyme  as  yt  maie 
further  be  assured  to  us,  either  by  release  from  the 
arle,  by  Composicon,  or  Act  of  parliament. 

8.  "  Also  where  the  arle  of  Ormond  claymeth 
certayn  lands  in  the  Countrie  called  O'Kellies  Coun- 
trey,  &  claymeth  also  by  a  graunt  from  us  to  have 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   15.  2 


them  free,  whereuppon  the  fermors  of  the  same  Iandes 
deteyne  xl1'  per  ann.  wherewith  you  are  chardged  as 
parcell  of  the  Composicons.  We  have  ordred  that 
the  Earle  shall,  within  twelve  monethes  next  ensu- 
inge,  acquaynt  our  Counsell  learned  in  that  Realme 
with  his  tytle,  &  yf  yt  fall  out  to  be  good  and 
sufficient,  then  thearle  shall  be  compounded  withall 
&  consideracon  had  of  hym  to  the  value,  and  you 
to  receive  the  hole  Composicon  of  the  Okellies,  And 
tyll  the  tytle  be  decided  &  the  Earle  satined,  the 
said  xl1'  per  ami.  shalbe  allowed  to  you  uppon  your 
accompte  yerely,  by  the  Auditor  for  wch  this  shalbe 
sufficient  warranto  to  hym  &  to  his  Deputie. 

9.  "  Also  where  Sir  Edward  Fiton  late  President 
in  Connaght,  hath  in  his  custodie  certeine  books  of 
the  devicon  of  Connaght,  &  other  conteyninge  orders 
taken  in  his  tyme,  &  bondes  of  recognisaunces  for- 
feited by  divers  persons  to  the  some,  as  we  be  in- 
formed, of  ten  thousande  pounds ;  Our  plesr  is  that 
you  repaire  to  our  Justice,  requiringe  hym  to  de- 
maund  in  our  name  the  said  bookes  &  bonds  of  the 
said  Sir  Edward ;  And  that  our  said  Justice  cause 
a  doble  to  be  made  of  them,  And  the  duplicate  to 
be  delivered  to  you,  the  originalls  to  remayne  in  our 
Exchequir  there,  wth  the  chiefe  Remembrauncer  of 
that  Court.  Nevertheles  no  execucon  to  be  don  in 
the  levienge  of  the  said  debts,  without  the  privitie 
of  the  lord  Justice  and  the  reste  of  our  privie  Coun- 
sell  there. 

10.  "And  we  have  thought  good  to  let  you  knowe, 
that  we  take  in  good  &  acceptable  parte  the  manner 
of  your  procedinge  hetherto  in  your  chardge,  because 
you  have  used  the  sword  no  further  than  to  such 
as  have  ben  in  open  hostilitie  and  rebellyon,  and 
that  to  the  rest  you  have  extended  our  clemency, 
after  a  mylde  and  curteous  maner  of  dealinge ;  in 
wch  course  we  wysh  you  to  continewe,  beinge  a  mat- 
ter most  pleasinge  to  us,  when  we  hire  that  our 
subjects  shew  their  loialtie  without  force  or  con- 

E 


3o6 

William  Eughter,  Sir  Donyll  O'Connor  Sligo,  Sir  Brian  OTioyrke,  Sir  Morou. 
Doe  O'Flaherty,  and  others:  reciting,  "  Wher  our  province  of  Connaught  and  Tho- 

mond. 


straynte  to  be  used  by  our  ministers:  And  therefor 
our  pleasure  is  that  you  make  often  advertisments 
as  well  to  our  Justice  there,  (to  whom  the  knowledge 
of  the  whole  Realme  appertayneth),  as  to  as  of 
the  state  of  that  Province,  &  of  the  particular  dif 
con  of  the  chiefe  gentlemen  to  our  service,  to  thend 
that  we  may  uppon  your  good  report  reward  & 
cherish  those-  that  be  well  affected  to  justice  &  obe- 
dience ;  and  on  the  contrarie  parte,  punish  the  tricked 
&  ill-disposed  wlh  all  severitie. 

11.  "And where wehaveappoyntedtoyouyerelj . 
thympost  orcustome  ofWynes  within  the  Town 
Gallaway,  as  parcell  of  your  intertaynement  ap- 
poyntedinthestablishment;  Our  pleasure  is  that  you 
do  yerely  indent  with  thofficer  of  our  Casualties,  or 
w,h  his  deputie,  as  well  for  receipt  of  all  such  somes 
us  shall  growe  uppon  that  ympost,  as  for  fynes  or 
any  other  casualties  thai  -hall  com  to  your  hands 
within  your  chardge:  And  forth. 
much  of  them  to  your  disposicon,  as  you  shall  think.- 
good  to  bestowe  either  in  the  necessarie  repanu  "ii> 
of  our  howses,  or  for  reward  of  service  under  you. 
-ii  as  the  same  appere  in  your  accompte,  81  be 
grounded  uppon  good  &  reasonabl'  - 
whereof  we  assure  ourselves  of  your  care  \  cuiiMdc- 
racon,  that  nothing  shall  be  unnecessarily  or  vaynebj 
bestowed. 

12.  "  And  forasmuch  as  nothing  is  more  neces- 
sarie to  be  loked  unto  carefully  by  you.  then  that 
record  be  duly  kepte,  as  well  of  all  manner  of  com- 
posicons,  as  of  all  other  rents,  proffitts,  or  casualties 
that  shall  come  unto  us  within  your  rule ;  we  will 
that  not  onely  in  such  eases,  lint  in  all  controv.  mil  - 
betwene  partie  Jc  partie,  thorders  taken  by  you  be 
resestred  by  the  Clearke  of  the  Counsel]  in  Con- 
naght :  And  ffurther  that  all  processes  that  shall 
passe  from  you  for  apparances  or  otherwise,  l>e  sent 
under  the  seale  of  the  Province ;  &  so  likewyse  for 


.''•  ire  wyshe  not  Vj  be  ;rraunte<L  but 
in  cases  of  greate  nece-- 

•  1  i:a.  vTALSYHGHAM." 

Rot.  Pat.  1\  Eliz.  M.  9,/    BdU  Off.DAtm. 
netary  Walsinghai  :  raft  of  the  for.- - 

••  Orders."  i-  -till   presented    in    I 
Library,  British  Museum,  Titos,  I).  XI! 
p.  226.    It  contains  the  following  interesting  clauses, 
which  do  not  appear  in  the  inrolment. 

x.  ••  Also,  where  we  are  desirus  that 
should  be  erected  in  tl  :v  in 

convenient  plao    of  Ir 
and  educacon  of  youth  in  krni  1 
■  civ,-  tin-  town  of  (.  loufi-rt,  within  that   ; 
Connaui_rht.  to  be  aptlie  Beat)  ■:.  and 

comodity  of  the  ryver  of  Shenin  running  by  it,  and 
because  it  i-  also  neeretothe  midle  of  the  Realme, 
whereby  all  men  may  with  small  travel 

children    thether.    we    have    I 
viewe  the  place,  and  consider  with  what  char- 
same  may  be  circuited  with  a  wall,  and  what  build- 
in-   then    already,    and   what   net-i-- 
addid,   and  what    mai 

Clonfert    and  Elfine   ,'■■  that 

Colledge)  might    2 
lernid  men  there.     And  wi: 
of  that  Province  be  not  sufmi 
were  well  divided  into  swerall  dtocesses. 
we  will  that  you  ad-, 
thend  we  may  hereafter  j^ 
tice  to  assemble  I 

a  oontribuyoon  to  be  ycldid  for  the  mainten^ 
lernid  men  in  that  or  some  •  :  '.ace  in 

Irlande :  for  we  rinde  that  the  Runagates  of  that 
oacon,  which  under  pr  ly  in  the  Uniwr- 

-  beyond  the  seas,  doe  retome  freight  with  suprr- 
stitiorj  and  treason,  are  th- 
sturre   up  or  subjects  to  undutiful' 


3°7 


mond,  through  the  contynuall  dissention  of  the  Lords  and  Chieftaines  challenging 
authorities,  cuttings  and  cessings,  under  pretexte  of  defending  the  people  under  their 
several  rules,  have  run  to  all  errors;  and  understanding  the  good  inclination  of  these 
our  subjects,  through  the  good  rnynysterie  of  our  truly  and  well  beloved  Sir  John 
Perrott,  our  Deputy,  &c.  to  embrace  all  good  wayes  and  meanes  that  may  be  devised, 
to  conserve  them  in  our  obedience,  and  their  rights  and  titles  reduced  from  the  un- 
certaintye  wherein  it  stood,  to  continue  certain  for  ever  hereafter."  The  commis- 
sioners were  empowered  to  call  before  them  "all  the  nobilitie,  spiritual  and  temporal, 
and  all  the  chieftaines  and  lords  of  the  saide  countries  and  barronies,  and  in  lieu  of 
the  uncertain  cesse,  cuttinge,  and  spendings  aforesaid,  to  compound  after  their  best 
discretions,  and  to  devise  and  lay  down  all  things  that  shall  tend  to  the  real  good  and 
quiet  of  that  countrie  ;  which  after  the  passinge  of  the  same  by  Indenture,  is  meant 
to  be  ratified  by  Act  of  Parliament." — Orig. 

The  following  proposals  were  made  by  the  Commissioners.  "  The  Chieftaines 
of  Countries,  Gentlemen,  and  Free-holders  of  that  Province  of  Connaught,  to  passe 
unto  the  Queenes  Majesty,  her  Heirs  and  Successours,  a  graunt  of  tenne  shillings 

English, 


for  whom  we  mean  shortly  to  provide  by  parlement ; 
and  in  the  mean  season,  will  you  to  apprehend  all 
such  as  you  shall  lerne  to  remayne  within  yor  rule, 
that  be  so  evill  affected. 

10.  "  And  wher  Report  hath  bene  made  unto 
us,  by  or  Deputy  of  that  Realme  and  by  you, 
that  Sir  John  Burk,  comonly  called  Mc  William 
Enter,  hath  shewid  great  forwardnes  in  or  ser- 
vice embrasing  all  civility,  and  shewing  good  ex- 
ample to  the  Irishe  Captens  there  in  their  Compe- 
titions :  For  as  much  as  it  is  also  evident,  that  he  is 
dissended  of  a  noble  house  of  Englishe  race,  we  are 
therefore  resolvid  to  nobilitate  hym  w"'  the  Honor 
and  Titell  of  an  Erie,  during  his  lief;  and  that  his 
eldest  sonne  shall  also  be  a  Baron,  to  hym  and  to 
the  heires  males  of  his  body,  and  to  have  estates  ac- 
cordingly of  so  much  as  is  their  own,  with  a  salvo 
jure  to  all  other  that  have  right ;  for  performance 
whereof  imder  or  Letters  Patents  we  now  send  war- 
rant to  or  justice  accordingly  :  willing  you  to  con- 
feree with  the  said  Sr  John  Burk  and  his  said  Sonne 
and  heire,  towelling  the  names  which  they  like  to 
beare  in  their  creacons,  to  thend  it  may  be  accom- 

2    R 


plished  accordinglie.  The  like  order  we  have  also 
given  for  Morroghe  ne  doe  Oflarty  to  be  made  a 
Baron.  And  therefore  leave  to  our  Justice  and  to 
you,  to  appoint  a  convenient  tyme  and  place  for  their 
apparaunces  before  hym,  to  perfourme  the  ceremony 
of  their  creacons. 

13.  [Concludes  as  follows]  "And  whereas  we  un- 
derstand, that  divers  howses  freight  with  Friers  re- 
maine  in  some  parts  of  that  Province  unsuppressed ; 
or  pies'"  is  that  you  cause  them  to  abandon  those 
places,  and  to  compell  them  to  chaunge  their  cotes, 
and  to  live  according  to  or  lawes;  which  howses  may 
be  apt  places  for  the  habitacon  of  such  English  men, 
as  we  meane  shall  have  Estates  in  our  lands  in  those 
parts.'' — Orig.  draft. 

Titus,  B.  XII.,  No.  143,  p.  598,  contains  a  re- 
vised transcript  of  the  draft  alluded  to,  but  the  three 
foregoing  clauses  are  omitted.  For  "  Sir  John  Burk, 
Mac  William,  Euter,"  see  ante,  pp.  300-1  ;  and 
Lodge,  Ed.  1789,  Vol.  IV.  p.  288.  He  was  com- 
monly called  Shane  mor,  Johannes  niagnus,  and 
died  A.  D.  1580.  For  "  Morroghe  na  doe  Oflarty," 
see  ante,  p.  60 ;  and  the  sequel  hereof. 


3o8 

English,  or  a  marke  Irish,  upon  every  quarter  of  land  containii;  j  i  2C  Acres,  manured, 
or  to  be  manured,  as  the  phrase  went,  and  was  significantly  set  downe,  that  lev  ret  either 
home  or  come,  that  was,  with  tillage  or  cattell,  in  lieu  and  consideration  to  bee  dis- 
charged from  other  Cess,  taxation,  or  tallage,  excepting  the  rising  out  of  Horse  and 
Foote,  for  the  service  of  the  Prince  and  State,  such  as  should  be  particularly 
upon,  and  some  certaine  dayes  labour  for  building  and  fortifaction  for  thi 
the  people  and  kingdome." — Government  of  Ireland  under  Sir  John  Parrot,   Knight, 
4to London,  1 626,  p.  80.    The  narrative  then  continues  as  foil*  ms  :  "According  to  which 
Commission,  and  the  directions  therein  contained.     These  Commissioners  did  travaile 
through  the  several  Counties  of  Connaught,  first  calling  and  conferring  with  the  Lords, 
Chieftaines,  Gentlemen,  and  Free-holders  in  their  several!  Precincts  and  P 
to  finde  their  dispositions,  how  farre  they  wen'  willing  I  scend,   and  yeeld  to 

such  a  course,  for  the  satisfaction  of  their  Prince,  and  freedome  of  thema 
further  burthens,  to  make  their  charge  certaine,  and  that  bul  small.     Th 
well  propounded,  and  discretely  prosecuted:  most,  and  in  a  manner,  all  the  principall 
possessors  of  land  in  that  Province,  as  they  were  generally  deall  withall.  did 
this  contribution."  —  Id* 

The  reasons  which  induced  the  aboriginal  Irish  lords  and  chieftain-   I 
so  readily    "to  this    contribution,"  are  thus    stated   by   a   learned  modern  writer. 
"  Harassed  by  the  perpetual  aggressions  of  the  warlike  English  families,  who  had  settled 
in    the   chief  towns,   and    fenced    themselves    round    with    formidable    t 
entrenchments — divided  also  by  family  feuds,  and  shorn  in  a  irreat  measure  of  their 
honours  and  power,  the  native  princes  gladly  accommodated  thi 
proposals,  in  the  hope  of  a  settled  form  of  government,  and  perhaps 
as  defence  against  the  Anglo-Irish  lords,  their  rivals  in  power,  who  were  better  armed 
and  disciphned  than  they.     The  old  leading  families  of  that  province  surrendered  the 
exorbitant  power  which  they  had  hitherto  exerted  over  their  wretched  vaaaala     Hut 
experience  soon  proved  that  the  promised  protection  was   inadequate!;.  ..  and 

they  quickly  returned  to  their  Irish  customs,  and  easily  prevailed  on  their  vassals  to 
be  governed  by  the  maxims  of  their  brehon  laws.'" — (J'C         I        MS&    S  123. 

■  After 


b  Gratianus  Lucius  alludes  to  their  proceeding  .1- 

follows Camb.  Evers.  p.  29.     "Percuni  Bcriptum, 

quod  iter  quorundam  a  Joanne  Perrotto  BSbemue 
prorege,  per  Conaciam,  &  Tomoniam,  anno  post 
Christum  natum  1585,  stati  redditus  Regime  :  ac 
priscis  possessoribus  prsescribendi  causa,  delegatorum 


accurate  prosequitur.  In  t>-to  iHo  decursu.  nulla 
peni  <litii>  fuit.  in  qua.  .'ripnis  Hibemioe  possessor 
oensum  prisci  tributi  vice  delegate  statuentibus  dob 
referrebat  (,)u.»l  etiam  dob  obscure  scriptor  rerum 
'n  Hibimia  Joanne  FbtfuUb  prorege,  gestarum  in- 
nuit Lib.  Imp.  paff.  - 


3°9 

"  After  treaties,  succeeded  Inquisitions  to  find  what  quantity  there  was  in  each 
Barony,  and  who  were  found  owners  thereof.  Indentures  were  drawne  betweene  the 
Deputy  in  the  behalfe  of  the  Queene  on  the  one  part,  and  the  chiefe  possessioners  in 
the  several  Precincts  on  the  other,  expressing  so  many  quarters  and  quantities  of 
Land,  with  the  Rents  thereon  reserved,  and  such  other  covenants  as  were  therein  con- 
tained."— Government,  he.  p.  82. 

The  Commissioners  commenced  with  the  "  County  of  Clare  and  Thomond."  Then 
followed  the  districts  comprehended  within  the  newly  created  "  County  of  Galway." 
Among  these,  the  following  "  Indentures  of  Composition"  were  entered  into  for  the 
territory  of  Iar-Connaught.  Those  of  the  other  counties  of  the  province  will  be  found 
in  succession ;  but  as  they  all  agree  in  form,  the  technical  verbiage,  to  avoid  prolixity, 
has  been  omitted  in  each  except  the  first.  Almost  all  the  Ecclesiastical  lands  of  Con- 
naught  are  held  under  these  important,  and  hitherto  nearly  unknown,  documents. 
The  original  inrolments  are  preserved  in  the  Record  Branch  of  the  office  of  Paymaster 
of  Civil  Services,  Dublin ;  and  the  following  are  now,  for  the  first  time,  printed. 

INDENTURES  OF  COMPOSITION. 

A.D.  1585. 

I. 

"  The  Country  of  the  0' 'FJlahertyes  called  Eyre-  Conaght. 

"  THIS  INDENTURE  made  betwixte  the  Right  Honorable  Sir  John  Perrotte 
Knighte,  Lorde  Deputie  Generall  of  Irlande,  for  and  on  the  behaulfe  of  the  Queenes 
most  excellent  Matie  of  the  one  parte,  and  Sr  Moroghe  ne  doe  of  Aghnenure  in  the 
county  of  Gallway  Knight,  otherwise  called  O'Fflahertie — Donell  Crone  O'Fflahertie  of 
the  Cnocke,  competitor  for  the  name  of  O'Fflahertie — Teig  ne  Boolye  {na  buile)  of  the 
Arde,  otherwise  called  O'Fflahertie  of  both  Con  o  Marrice — Owine  fitz-Donyell  Cog-hie" 

O'Fflahertie  of  Bonowen,  gent Moroghe  O'Fflahertie  of  the  sam,  gent. — Roger  O'Ffla- 

harty  of  Moycullen",  gent. — Danyell  M'Rory  O'Fflaharty  of  the  Owre,  gent Rory 

O'Fflaharty  and  Danyell  his  brother,  sonnes  to  Moroghe  ne  Mooe — Mc  Thomas0 — Mc 

Connor 

1  ThisDonyellCogliie(t)orhnaillancoTai6)  The  latter  was  afterwards  known  by  the  name  of 

had  to  wife  Grace  O'Mailly,  well  known  in  modern  Morogh  na  Maor — See  p.  108,  ante,  note  "'. 

times  by  the  name  of  Grauna  Weak ;  and  by  her  d  This  Roger  O'Fflaharty  was  chieftain  of  Moy- 

he  had  the  two  sons  above-named,  "  Owine  and  Mo-  cullen,  and  grandfather  of  our  author, 

roghe."     The  first  was  slain  in  a.  d.  1586,  by  the  e  Mac  Thomas,  chief  of  the  Joyces.     See  ante. 

soldiers  of  Sir  Richard  Bingham Four  Masters.  P-  44,  note  f,  and  additional  note  P,  p.  21G. 


Connora  —  O'Halloran  —  Mc  Cahill    Boy    M'  1  >■  _and    M' Enry'— Dominyeke 

Lynche  of  the  Ballaghe,  gent — Domynicke  Browne  of  Beamy,  gent.— William  Mar- 
tyne  of  Gortetleva,  gent — Richard  Martyne  of  Ballyerter,  gent— Anthony  Linche  of 

the  Dengine,  gent — Marcus  Linch  fitz-Nichollas  of  Furbog         a      I and  Patrick 

ffrence  of  Curcholline,  gent. — for  and  in  the  behalf  of  themselves  and  the  rest  of  the 
Cheiftaynes,  freeholders,  Gent,  ffarmers  and  inhabitants,  having  land  or  holdings 
within  the  countrey  or  terretorie  of  the  O'FFLAHAETYES  CONTEET  called 
EYRE-CONAGHT,  their  heires  and  assignes,  of  the  other  pari 

"  WYTNESSETH,  that  wher  the  said  whole  Cuntry  of  Eyre  Conanght  is  devided 
into  fower  barronyes,  that  is  to  witt,  the  barrony  of  Moycullvn,   the  barrony  of  Bal- 
lynehynsye,  the  barrony  of  Boss,  and  the  barrony  of  the  illes  of  Arrt-n,  which  con- 
teyneth  in  themselves,  as  well  by  auncient  Division  as  by  late  Inquisition  and  pi 
ments  hereunto  annexed,  the  nomber  of  318  quarters  of  land,  esteineing  everie  quar- 
ter, with  his  pastur,  woodd  andbogge,  at  120  acres,  as  by  a  particular  layinge  downe 
of  the  same,  in  manner  and  forme  followinge,   yt    may  appeare — FIESTE  in  the 
barrony  of  Moycullen  there  is  a  quantitie  of  land  called  Gnnmore  and  Gno 
which  contayne  52  townes,  consistinge  of  138  quarters,  that  is  to  saw  within  Gno- 
more,  in  Aghnenure,  4  q" — in  Ardcollume,  4  q" — in  BaHymymyn,  4  q" — in 
showne  or  Fwoaghe,  2  qrs — in  Russhyne,  2  qrs — in  the  I  1  q* — in  the  h 

1  qr — in  the  Corre,  1  q' — in  Ballyraghaine,  4qr> — in  Ballyturlagoma,  4q" — in  Balli- 
roschall,  4  qrs — in  Ballywoghterarde,  4  q" — in  Bally  vickgillcwvo.  4  q" — in  Ballynera, 
4  q" — in  Ballyclonlorge,  4  qrs — in  Curragheduffe,  2  q" — in  Ru-muck.  2  qr* — in 
Leytrmyllane,  2  q" — in  Ballynemoght.  4  q™ — in  Killanelhire,  1  qr — in  LewghilL,  1 
qr — in  Clocke  Mc  Cahill  oge,  1  qr — in  Tierny,  1  qr — in  Killeame,  2  q** — in  Letercally, 
1  qr — in  Ballynhenry,  4  q™ — in  the  Ower,  2  qr' — in  Kildaycanioge,  1  qr — in  Killu- 
ryne,  1  qr — in  Kylgeane,  1  qr — in  [nyse  vickenchine,  2  qn — and  in  Ballynaghekear- 
nyn,  4  qrs — which  in  that  part  of  Gnomore  cometh  to  79  quarters,  th.  moy tit-  whereof 
is  said  to  belonge  to  Moroghe  O'Flahertie  is  cept,  and  the  other  1 
O'Flahertis  cept.  And  within  Gnobegge,  in  Moycullen,  4  q" — in  Ballyclonvduff,  4 
qrs — in  Ballycoshowne,  4  qr' — in  Ballybarnae,  4  q" — in  Ballineforbagh.  4  q" — in 
Ballynspiddell,  4  qrs — in  Coyleroe,  1  qr — in  Moyascraghe,  4q" — in  Oheyrie,  4  q" — 

in 

f  Mac  Connor,  chief  of  a  branch   of  the  O'Fla-  of  Muredach  mor.  for  whom  Bee  Genealogical  table. 
herties,  sprung  from  Hugh,  the  son  ofRory  .  if  Lough  h  Mc  Enrv.  chief  of  the  ancient  Clan  C<.>nr.» 

Kime  ;  for  whom  see  the  Genealogical  table,  post.  Conroy.  corrupted  in  latter  times  to  "King."     This 

s  Mc  Donghe,    chief  of  another   branch    of  the  sept  was  located  in  Iar -(  _  -al  centuries 

OTlaherties   called  the   Clan   Donogh,   now   Mac  before  the  O'Flahertks.     See  oafe,  p.  261. 
Donough,  sprimg  from  Donogh  aluinn  second  son 


311 

in  Tullockyhamon,  4  qrs — in  Ballimoilgorryne,  4  qrs — in  Ballyquirecke,  4  qrs — in 
Corcullen,  4  q" — in  Lettermillayne,  2  qrs — in  Innishomictriere,  2  q" — in  Airdberrae, 
1  qr — in  Ballynteny,  1  qr — in  Ballilwye,  2  qrs — and  in  Eynvilly  Ohwye,  2  qrs,  within 
that  parte  of  Gnobegge  that  is  said  to  be  belonging  to  Gilleduffe  O'Flahertie,  cometh 
to  59  q™,  and  for  the  whole  within  that  barrony  cometh  to  138  qrs.  In  thebarrony  of 
Ballynehynsye  there  are  33  townes,  consistinge  of  84  quarters,  that  is  to  say;  in 
Ballinehinsie,  4  qrs — in  Ballymoylyne,  4  q™ — in  Ballymongan,  4  qrs — in  Ballindwyne, 
4  qrs — in  Ballynclarie,  4  qrs — in  Ballylurie,  4  qrs — in  Ffeame,    1  qT — in  Manynbegge, 

1  qr_in  Ballyfihensie,  4  qrs  —in  Moynes,  4  qrs — in  Moyrushe,  2  q" — in  Urishelenane, 

2  qr' — in  Ardmore,  2  qrs — in  Dowghan,  1  qr — in  Ballyvickenrie,  4  qrs — in  Ummy, 
4  qrs — in  Carrowvegge,  1  qr — in  Carrowahie,  1  qr — in  Faydarge,  2  qrs — in  Soyle- 
hearne,  4  qrs — in  Cluggin,  2  qrs — in  Moydollan,  2  qrs — in  Ballinekillie,  4  qrs — in 
Moybillie,  2  qrs — in  Moyhard,  2  qrs — in  Abarrae,  2  qrs — in  Dawrosse,  2  qrs — in  Ryn- 
villy,  5  qrs — in  Coyshinkillarie,  2  qrs — in  Clannancrewee,  1  qr — in  Ballickynealie, 
2  qrs — in  Kilkernne,  1  qr — and  in  Inishtrevan,  1  qr — which  are  the  whole  within 
that  barrony,  which  is  said  to  belong  to  Teig  ne  bully  O'Flaherty,  and  Daniell  Coggie' 
sonnes  called  Owen  and  Moroghe  O'Fflahertie,  cometh  to  the  aforesaid  number  of  84qrs. 
In  the  barrony  of  Kosse,  there  are  nine  towns,  consistinge  of  62  qrs  of  land,  that  is  to 
say,  in  Ballyrosse,  4  qrs — in  Ballynenaght,  18  qrs,  gotten  by  the  O'Flaherties  from 
some  of  the  Boorks,  as  is  said,  for  an  Ericke — in  Ballykillebride,  4  qrs — in  Ballyglan- 
trig,  4  qrs — in  Ballyneclobricke,  4  qrs — in  Ballydowlagh,  4  qrs — in  Dwaght,  2  qrs, 
which  is  said  to  be  the  Joysce  lands,  bearing  Signiorie  as  well  to  O'Fflahertie  as  to 
Mc  Thomas — in  Tomsnawe,  2  qrs — in  Dowrusse,  1  qr — in  Tirenekillie,  1  qr — in  the 
Carricke,  1  qr — in  Tomnenean,  1  qr — in  Brewnan,  1  q^ — in  Moynteroyn  and  Cwy- 
laghe,  1  qr — in  Glynglassie,  4  q" — in  Carrae,  1  qr — in  Fowaghe,  1  qr — in  Sleive- 
parthrie,  4  qrs — and  Ballybwyan,  4  qrs — which  in  the  whole  within  that  barrony, 
cometh  to  the  aforesaid  nomber  of  62  qrs.  In  the  barrony  of  Arren  there  are  three 
illands,  one  called  Arrenmore  consisting  of  24  qIS,  and  the  other  two  consist-in^  of 
6  qrs  a  piece;  which,  in  the  whole,  cometh  to  36  q",  being  the  Queen's  Maties  inheri- 
tance.— All  which  being  drawen  into  one  totall,  cometh  to  the  aforesaid  nomber  of 
318  quarters. 

"  The  said  Sir  Moroghe  O'Fllaherty,  knight,  Donyll  Crone  O'Fflaherty,  compety- 
tor,  Teige  ne  Bulie,  Owine  fitz  Doniell  O'Fflaherty,  Moroghe  O'Fflaherty,  Roger 
O'Fflaherty,  Donyll  Mc  Rory  O'Fflaherty,  Rory  O'Fflaherty  and  Donyll  his  brother 
sonnes  to  Moroghe  ne  Mooe,  Mc  Thomas,  Mac  Connor,  O  Halloran,  Mc  Cahill  boy 
Mc  Donoghe,  Mc  Enry,  and  the  rest  of  the  gent,  freeholders,  &  inhabitants  of  the  said 
contrey,  acknowledginge  the  manifold  benefitts  and  easments  they  finde,  in  possesinge 

of 


3I2 

of  their  lands  and  goods  since  the  peaceable  goverment  of  the  said  Lo.  Deputie,  and 
the  just  dealings  of  Sr  Richard  Binghame,  knight,  their  chei:  as  well  t._ 

comon  mallefactors  and  spoylers,  as  also  agaynst  the  unmeasurabl 
sions  of  all  sorts  of  men  of  warr,  heretofore  layd  upon  them ;  have,  inconsideracon  there- 
of, and  for  that  the  said  Right  honorable  the  Lo.  deputie  dothe  promise,  eovcnaunt  and 
graunte  to  and  with  the  said  cheiftaines,  gent.,  freeholders  and  inhabitants  of  th 
Earconnaght,  for  and  in  the  behalf  of  the  Queen"-  Mat",  that  they  and  every  of  them 
their  heires  and  assignes,  for  their  lands  within  the  said  contrey,  shall,  from  and  after 
the  date  hereof,  be  freelie  and  wholy  dischardged,  acquitted  and  exonerated  for  ever, 
off  and  from  all  manner  of  cesses,   taxes,  chardges,  exaccons,  cuttings,  yroposicons, 
purveying,  eateing,  findinge  or  bearing  of  soldiers,  and  from  all  other  burdens  what- 
soever, other  than  the  rents,  reservacons,  and  chardges  hereafter  in  this   Indenture 
specified,  and  to  be  enacted  by  parleament:  willingly  and  thankfully  for  theni  their 
heirs  and  assignes,  given  and  graunted,  licke  a-  they  her*  by  doe  give  and  graunte,  to 
the  said  right  Honorable  the  Lo.  Deputy  and  his  heirs,  to  the  use  of  the  Qn 
most  excellent  Ma'"  her  heirs  and  successours  for  ever,  one  yearelie  rent  char ■■_ 
tenn  shillinges  of  good  and  lawful  current  money  of  England,  goinge  oul 
qr  of  280  qrs  of  the  aforesaid  number  of  318  q"  of  land,  which  in  the  whole  amountcth 
yearelie  to  the  some  of  £140  ster.  payable  at  the  feastes  of  St.  Michael]  tha 
and  Easter,  by  eaven  porcons.  the  first  payment  to  beginne  at  the  feast  of  St.  M 
tharchangell  next  ensuing  the  date  hereof,  and  soe  yearele  t'er  ever  at   the  severall 
feasts  aforsaid,  at  her  highnes'  Exchequer  within  the  -arae  realm  of  Ireland,  or  to  the 
hands  of  the  Vice  threr,  or  generall  receaver  of  the  same  realme  for  the  tyme  beinge; 
and  for  lacke  of  money  to  be  payed  in  the  Exchequer  aforesaid,  the  same  thresurer 
or  generall  receaver  to  receive  kyne,  to  the  value  of  the  said  1  -  1  muche  there- 

of as  shall  remayne  unpayed,  at  the  rate  of  13".  4*  ster.  for  everie  good  and  lawfull 
beof.     And  if  yt  fortune  the  said  rente  of  £140  ^ter.  to  be  behind  and  unpayed,  in 
parte  or  in  all,  in  manner  and  forme  afoesaid.  that  yt  shalbe  Lawful]  un: 
right  honnorable  the  Lo.  Deputie,  or  other  governour  or  governoun  of  this  realme 
for  the  tyme  being,  to  enter  and  distrayne  in  all  and  singular  the  lands,  tenements 
and  heredytaments  of  the  said  280  qrs.,  and  the  di>m-s:-e  taken  to  detayne  and  keepe, 
tyll  the  said  yearelie  rent  as  afore  be  fullie  and  wholie  satisfied  and  payd  :  pr<  \ 
alwayes,  that  if  yt  fortune  anie  parte  of  the  quarters  aforesaid,   subject  to  thi- 
position,  to  be  so  waste  as  yt  beareth  nether  home  or  come,  that  the  same  shall  not 
be  layd  upon  the  rest  that  is  inhabited,  but  shall  be  forborne  both  in  rente  and  arrea- 
radges,  duringe  that  tyme. 

"  And  further,  the  persons  above  named,  for  them  their  heires  and  assigns,  doe 

-aaunt 


3*3 

covenaunt,  promise  &  graunte  to  and  with  the  said  Right  honnorable  the  Lo.  Deputie 
and  his  heires,  for  and  in  the  behalfe  of  the  Queens  most  excellent  Mat'6  her  heires 
and  successors,  not  onelye  to  aunswer  and  beare  yearlie  for  ever,  to  all  hostings,  roods 
and  jurneyes  within  the  said  province  of  Connaght  and  Thomond,  whereas  and  at 
what  tyme  they  shalbe  thereunto  comaunded,  by  the  lo.  deputie  or  other  Governour 
or  Governours  of  this  realme,  or  by  the  chcif  officer  of  the  said  province,  fiftie  good 
hable  footemen,  well  armed,  uppon  their  owne  proper  costs  and  chardges,  over  and 
besids  the  rent  aforesaid  :  But  also  to  aunswer  &  beare  to  all  generall  hostings  pro- 
claymed  in  this  realme,  twenty  footemen  well  armed  and  furnished  with  carriadge  and 
victualls,  uppen  their  owne  proper  costs  and  chardge,  dureing  the  tyme  of  the  said 
generall  hostinges,  if  the  lo.  deputy  or  other  governour  of  this  realme,  for  the  tyme 
being,  doe  require  the  same. 

"  And  further  yt  is  condiscended,  concluded  and  agreed,  as  well  by  the  said  right 
honnorable  the  deputy,  for  and  in  the  behalf  of  the  Queens  most  excellent  Ma,ie,  as 
also  by  the  said  Sir  Moroge,  Donyll  Crone,  Teige  ne  bully,  Owen  Fitz  Donyell, 
Moroghe  O'Fflahertie,  Roger  O'Fflahertie,  Donyell  McRorie,  Rorie  and  Donyell,  sonns 
to  Moroghe  ne  Moe,  McThomas,  McConnor,  O'Hallorane,  Mc  Cahill  boy  McDonghe, 
McEnry,  and  the  rest  of  the  freeholders  and  inhabitants  of  the  said  contrey,  in  manner 
and  form  followeinge,  viz.  that  the  names,  stilles,  and  titles  of  captayneships,  taynist- 
ships  and  all  other  Irishe  aucthorities  and  jurisdictions  heretofore  used  by  the  O'Ffla- 
hertyes,  together  with  all  ellection  and  customarie  division  of  land,  occasioning  great 
streeffe  and  contention  emongest  them,  shall  from  henceforthe  be  utterlie  abollyshed, 
extinct,  renounsed,  and  put  backe  within  the  said  countrey  of  Eyrconnaght,  for  ever, 
but  that  their  lands  and  inherytants  shall  lynialie  discend  from  the  father  to  the 
sonn,  accordinge  to  the  course  and  order  of  the  lawes  of  England.  In  consideracon 
whereof,  and  for  that  her  Matie  doth  moste  gracouslie  mynde  of  the  benefitt  and 
advancemement  of  everie  good  subject  according  to  his  degree,  by  redusinge  of  their 
uncertayne  and  unlawfull  manner  of  takings  from  others,  to  a  certayne  and  more 
beneficiall  state  of  liveinge  for  them  and  their  heires,  then  their  said  pretended  titles 
or  claymes  did  or  could  hitherto  afforde  them  ;  the  said  right  Ho:  the  lord  deputie 
for  and  in  the  behalfe  of  the  Queen's  most  excellent  Ma,ie-,  and  also  the  aforesaid 
chieftaynes,  gent,  freeholders  and  inhabitants,  one  the  behalf  of  themselves  and  the 
rest  of  the  said  contrey,  their  heires  and  assignes,  doth  covenaunt,  promise,  graunte 
and  agree  to  and  with  the  said  Sir  Moroghe  ne  doe,  knight,  otherwise  called  O'Fna- 
herty,  that  for  the  better  mayntenaunce  of  the  degree  of  knighthode,  whereunto  yt 
hath  pleased  her  Matie  to  calle  him,  he  shall  have,  hold,  receive  and  take,  by  letters 
patenttes  from  her  Ma*  to  him  his  heires  and  assignes,  the  castle  of  Aghenure,  and 
irish  arch.  soc.  1 5.  2  S  fower 


3I4 

fower  qrs  of  land  with  their  appurtenaunces  belonginge  to  the  fame,  in  the  barrony 
of  Moycullen,  as  a  free  demayne  to  his  said  castle,  freelie  exonerated  and  di 
of  and  from  this  composicon;  also  the  castle  of  Fowhaghe  in  the  barrony  aforsaid, 
and  fower  qrs  of  land  with  their  appurtenaunces,  as  a  free  demayne  to  be  joyned  to 
the  said  castle,  freelie  exonerated  and  dischardged  of  and  from  this  composition;  also 
the  castle  of  Ballinneaghe,  and  fower  q™  of  land  with  their  appurtenaunces  in  the 
barronny  of  Eosse,  as  a  free  demayne  to  be  joyned  to  the  said  ca.-tk-.  freelie  exonerated 
and  dischardged  of  and  from  the  said  composition  ;  and  also  the  castle  of  1 
kearowahie,  and  3  qrs  of  land  with  their  appurtenaunces  in  the  barr  dlyne- 

hinsie,  to  be  joyned  as  a  free  demayne  to  the  said  castell,  exonerated  and  dii 
of  and  from  this  composition,  withe  the  goods  and  chatties  of  person?  attaynted  of 
fellony,  that  shall  happ  or  chaunce  to  dwell  and  inhabit  within  ti.  •   id  quarters 

of  land  so  to  him  assigned,  and  all  other  casualties  and  amerciaments  that  shall  from 
tyme  to  tyme  growe  within  the  same  ;  and  that  he  and  his  heires  an-.  -  shall 

hold  all  and  singular  the  premisses  of  the  Queen's  most  excellent  Ma'"  her  heirs  and 
successours,  by  knight  service,  that  is  to  say  by  the  xx"1  parte  of  a  ki.  _ 
her  castle  or  mannor  of  Arkine  in  the  greate   iland  of  Arren,  with  suit  and  service 
to  the  curte  barron  and  leete  of  the  said  cannor. 

"  And  that  also  Teig  ne  bullie  O'Fflahertie  ai  all,  for  his  better  may. 

ance  of  livinge,  have,  receive  and  take  by  letters  patients  from  1  :a  his 

heires  and  assignes,  the  castle  of  Ard  in  the  barrony  of  Ballenehinsie,  standinge  on 
the  land  of  Moyrus,  and  6  qrs   of  land  with  the  appurtenances  next  adjoyning  I 
said  castle,  in  the  townes  of  Moyrusse,  Moynish,  Fynish,  and  Illamashine,  as  a  ir^ 
demayne  to  the  same,  exonerated  &  discharged  of  and  from  the  said  comp  -  A 

of  and  from  all  other  rents  or  demaunds  of  the  said  Sir  Moroghe  ne  doe  or  his  heirs; 
and  also  shall  have,  hould,  possesse  and  injoy  to  him  and  his  heir  ssignes,  the 

castle  of  Ballenehinsie,  and  nine  other  q™  of  land  subject  to  the  composition,  whereof 
he  is  said  to  be  now  seized  as  of  his  inheritance,  in  Ballenehensie,  Ballh  Ballin- 

clare,  Ballindowyn,  and  other  villadges  in  the  said   barronj  of  Ballini 
acquitted  and  dischardged  of  and  from  all  rents  and  demaunds  of  the  said  S      II 
and  his  heires:  and  that  the  said  Teig  ne  bullie  and  his  heirs  shall  hold  all  an.. 
gular  the  premisses  of  her  Ma*  her  heires  and  successors,  by  knight  service,  viz.  by 
the  xx"1  parte  of  a  knight's  fee,  as  of  her  castle  or  manor  of  Arkyne  in  the  . 
iland  of  Arren  aforsaid,  with  suite  and  service  to  the  courte  barron  and  lete  of  the  said 
mannor.     And  that  after  the  decease  of  the  said  Teig  ne  bullie.  all  such  rents,  duties 
and  customs  as  are  claymed  to  be  belonging  to  the  name  of  O'Fflahertie,  shall  in  con- 
sideracon  that  the  same  is  but  extorted,   be  thenceforth   utterlie  determyned  and 
extinct,  for  ever.  "  -^nc^ 


o 


3l5 

"  And  that  also  Donell  Coggye's  two  sonnes,  called  Oene  and  Morogh  O'Flahirtie, 
shall,  for  their  better  mayntenaunce  of  livinge,  have,  receive  and  take  by  letters  pat- 
tentes  from  her  Ma'10  to  them  their  heires  and  assignes,  the  castle  of  Bonowne  in 
the  barrony  of  Ballynehinsie  and  six  qrs  of  land  with  their  appurtenaunces  next 
adjoyning  to  the  same,  in  Ballyndwyn,  Mannynemore,  Ballycare,  and  Ballimongaine, 
as  a  free  demayne  to  the  said  castle,  exonerated  and  dischardged  as  well  of  and  from 
this  composition,  as  also  of  and  from  all  other  rents,  duties  and  demaunds  of  the 
said  Sir  Moroghe  ne  doe,  Teige  ne  bullie,  and  their  heires;  and  shall  also  have,  holde, 
possesse,  and  injoye  to  them  their  heires  and  assignes,  tenn  other  quarters  of  land 
subject  to  this  composition,  whereof  they  are  said  to  be  now  seized  as  their  inherit- 
ance, in  Ballynehensie,  Ballymongan,  Ayrdmore,  Ballymollen,  Dwoughan,  Mannyne- 
begge,  Ballykinnalie,  Ballynclare,  Lehenaghe,  Croghnett,  the  Killny  and  Fahikeraghe 
in  the  said  barrony  of  Ballynehinsie;  and  that  they  and  their  heires  shall  hold  all  and 
singular  the  premisses  of  the  Queen's  Matie  her  heires  and  successours,  by  knights 
service,  that  is  to  saye  the  xxth  part  of  a  knight's  fee,  as  of  her  said  mannor  or  castle 
of  Arkyne  in  the  greate  iland  of  Arran,  with  suite  and  service  to  the  courte  barron 
and  lete  of  the  said  mannor. 

And  that  also  Swyrveraghe  Ffolane  and  his  brother,  in  respect  of  the  civill  bring- 
ing upp  of  the  said  Swyrveraghe  is  sonne  called  Nehemias  Ffolan,  shall  have,  hold, 
possess,  and  injoy  to  them  and  to  their  heires  and  assignes,  two  qrs  of  land  in  Moyrusse 
and  Leytterdohartee  in  the  said  barrony  of  Ballynehency,  freelie  exonerated  and  dis- 
chardged as  well  of  and  from  this  composition,  as  also  of  and  from  all  rents  and 
demaunds  of  the  said  Sir  Moroghe  and  Teig  ne  bullie  and  their  heires;  and  shall  also 
hold  the  same  of  her  Matie  her  heirs  and  successours  by  knights  service,  viz.  by 
the  xlth  part  of  a  knights  fee,  as  of  her  said  mannor  or  castle  of  Arkine,  with  suite 
and  service  to  the  courte  barrone  and  lete  of  the  said  mannor. 

And  that  also  Roger  O'Flahertie  of  Moycullyne,  for  his  better  mayntenance  of 
livinge,  and  in  respect  of  his  good  and  civil  bringing  up  in  Englande,  shall  have, 
receave,  and  take,  by  letters  pattentes  from  her  Ma,ie,  to  him  his  heires  and  assignes, 
the  castle  and  house  of  Moycullen  and  fower  qrs  of  land  with  their  appurtenances 
belonging  thereunto,  in  the  said  Moycullen,  and  also  fower  other  qrs  of  land  in  the 
townes  adjoininge  to  the  same  in  Gnobegge,  whereof  he  is  said  to  be  now  seized  as  of 
his  inheritants,  freelie  exonerated  and  discharged,  for  ever,  of  and  from  this  composi- 
tion ;  and  all  other  his  landes  in  Gnobegge  aforesaid,  discharged  of  and  from  all  the 
rents,  duties,  and  demaundes  of  the  said  Sir  Murrough  and  Teig  ne  bullie,  and  their 
heirs ;  and  that  he  and  his  heirs  shall  hold  all  and  singular  the  premisses  of  the  Queen's 
Ma"e  her  heirs  and  successours,  by  knight  service,  viz.  by  the  xxth  parte  of  a  knight's 

2  S  2  fee 


316 

fee,  as  of  her  said  mannor  or  castle  of  Arkine,  with  suite  and  service  to  the  courte 
barron  and  lete  of  the  said  mannor. 

"  And  that  also  MThomas  in  the  barrony  of  Rosse  gent,  shall  have,  hold, 
and  enjoy,  to  him  his  heires  and  assignes,  one  qr  of  land  in  Dowray  freely  acquitted, 
exonerated  and  dischardged  as  well  of  and  from  this  composition,  a~  also  of  and  from 
all  rents,  duties,  and  demaunds  of  the  said  Sir  Morough  ne  doe,  or  any  other  their 
heires  and  assignes,  the  same  to  be  holden  of  her  Ma'"  her  heires  and  ra  by 

knight's  service,  that  is  to  say,  by  the  xltb  parte  of  a  knight's  fee,  as  of  her  said  mannor 
of  Arkine;  and  that  after  the  decease  of  the  said  MThomas,  all  such  rents,  duties,  and 
customs  as  are  challendged  to  be  belonginge  to  the  name  of  MThomas,  except  he 
can  prove  by  lawe  the  same  to  be  due  be  reasone  of  holdinge  their  landes  of  him.  shall 
from  thence  be  utterlie  determyned  and  extinct,  for  ever. 

"  And  where  there  remayneth  in  the  barrony  of  Rosse,  57  q"  of  land  subject  to 
this  composition,  as  the  inheritance  of  the  Joyes  and  other  freeholders  of  that  barrony, 
it  is  covenaunted,  graunted,  promised,  and  agreed  as  aforesaid,  that  the  said  Sir 
Moroghe  ne  doe  and  his  heires,  shall  have  to  him  and  his  heires  one  yearly  rent 
chardge  of  5*  ster.  goinge  oute  of  every  quarter  of  the  said  57  quai  t  and 

besides  the  said  composition,  amountinge  by  the  year  to  £14.  5'  ster.  not  chardging 
the  porcon  of  the  wast  land  uppon  the  inhabitted,  in  lull  recompenceof  all  duties,  cut- 
tings and  expenses  by  him  challendged  of  the  said  freeholders,  with  all  the  goods  and 
chattels  of  persons  attainted  of  fellony  that  shall  hap  or  chaunce  to  dwell  and  inha- 
bite  within  the  said  landes,  and  all  other  casualties  and  amercements  thai 
growe  from  tyme  to  tyme  within  the  same;  and  that  they  and  every  of  them  their  heires 
and  assignes,  according  to  his  and  1  heir  porcon  of  land,  shall  hold  the  same  of  the  said 
Sir  Morough  and  his  heires,  by  knight's  service,  viz.  by  the  xltt  parte  of  a  knight's 
fee,  as  of  his  castle  or  mannor  of  Bally-Innyn  in  the  barrony  ofB  said,  and 

shall  also  doe  suite  to  his  courte  barron  and  lete  of  his  said  mannor. 

"  And  where  there  remayneth  in  the  barony  of  Moycullen,  122  q"  of  laud  su 
to  this  composition,  it  is  also  covenaunted,  granted,  promised,  am: 
that  the  said  Sir  Moroughe  shall  have  to  him  and  hi?  heirs,  one  yearly  rentchardge  of 
5s'  ster.  over  and  besides  the  said  composition,  goinge  out  of  every  quarter  of  tl. 
122  qrs,  which  amounteth  yearly  to  the  some  of  £30.  5'  ster.  not  chardging  the  porcon 
of  the  wast  land  upon  the  inhabited,  in  full  recompence  of  all  duties,  cuttings,  and 
expenses  by  him  challendged  of  the  inheritors  of  the  said  quarters;  and  that  thev  and 
everie  of  them,  their  heires  and  assignes,  for  his  and  their  porcons,  shall  hold  the  same 
of  the  Queene's  Matie  her  heires  and  successors,  by  knight's  ?erv  ice,  viz.  by  the  xl* 

parte 


3l7 

parte  of  a  knight's  fee,  as  of  her  said  castle  or  mannor  of  Arkyne  in  the  greate  iland 
of  Arren,  and  shall  doe  suit  to  the  courte  barron  and  lete  of  the  said  mannor. 

"  And  where  there  remayneth  in  the  barony  of  Ballynehinsie,  69  qrs  subject  to 
this  composition,  it  is  also  covenaunted,  graunted,  promised,  and  agreed  as  aforesaid, 
that  the  said  Sir  Morough  and  his  heires  shall  have  to  him  and  his  heires  one  yearlie 
rentchardge  of  5s'  ster.  over  and  besides  the  said  composition,  goinge  out  of  every  qr  of 
the  said  69  qrs,  which  amounteth  yearly  to  the  some  of  £17.  5s'  ster.  not  chardging  the 
porcon  of  the  wast  land  uppon  the  inhabited,  in  full  recompense  of  all  duties,  cuttings, 
and  expenses  by  him  challendged  of  the  inheritors  of  the  said  qrs ;  and  that  they  and 
everie  of  them,  their  heires  and  assigns,  for  his  and  their  porcons,  shall  hold  the  same 
of  the  Queene's  Mat'6  her  heires  and  successors,  by  knight's  service,  viz.  by  the  xl"' 
parte  of  a  knight's  fee,  as  of  her  said  castle  or  mannor  of  Arkyne  in  the  greate  iland 
of  Arren,  and  shall  doe  suit  to  the  courte  barron  and  lete  of  the  said  mannor. 

"  And  that  also  Wm.  Marten  of  Gallway,  gent,  in  respect  of  his  office  and  service 
in  the  same,  shall  have,  hold,  possess,  and  enjoy,  to  him  his  heires  and  assignes,  half 
a  qr  of  land  called  Gortytleave,  with  all  and  singular  their  appurtenances  belonginge 
to  the  same,  freelie  exonerated  and  dischardged  of  and  from  this  composition;  and 
shall  also  hold  the  same  of  her  Mat'0  her  heires  and  successours,  by  knight's  service,  viz. 
by  the  xlth  part  of  a  knight's  fee,  as  of  her  castle  or  mannor  of  Arkine,  in  the  greate 
iland  of  Arren,  and  shall  doe  suite  to  the  courte  barron  and  lete  of  the  said  mannor. 

"  And  the  aforesaid  cheiftaynes,  gent,  freeholders,  and  inhabitants,  for  them  and 
either  of  them  their  heires  and  assignes,  have  and  by  theis  presents  doe  give  full 
power,  consent  and  assent,  that  this  present  deed  indented,  and  every  word,  clause, 
sentence,  condicon,  and  article  therein  contayned,  shalbe  enroled  in  her  Mat,e  high 
courte  of  Chauncery,  there  to  remayne  of  record,  for  ever. 

"  IN  WYTNESE  whereof,  to  this  parte  of  this  Indenture  remayninge  in  the  cus- 
todie  of  the  said  Right  honorable  the  Lo.  Deputie,  for  and  in  the  behalfe  of  the  Queen's 
most  excellent  Matie  her  heires  and  successors,  the  said  cheiftaynes,  gent,  freeholders, 
ffermours,  and  the  rest  above  named,  have  hereunto  put  their  seales  and  subscribed 
their  names,  the  second  of  September,  anno  Domini  1585,  and  in  the  xxviith  yeare  of 
the  reyng  of  our  Soveraigne  lady  Elizabeth,  by  the  grace  of  God  Queene  of  England, 
Fraunce  and  Irelande,  defender  of  the  fayth,  &c.  Provyded  that  anie  thing  conteyned 
in  this  Indenture,  shall  not  extend  to  prejudice  anie  manne's  right  or  title  to  any  lands 
contayned  in  the  same. 

"  Sr.  Morrogh  ne  do  O'Fflahertie        Servreagh  O'Folan. 

his  -f-  mark.  Anthony  Linche  fitz-Thomas. 

Dominick  Browne.  William  Martyne." 

II. 


3i8 


II. 

"  Many  O'Kelle's  Country:'' 

"  THIS  INDENTURE  made  betwixte  the  Eight  Honorable  Sir  John  Perrotte 
knt.  lord  Deputie  generall  of  Irelande,  for  and  on  the  behaulfe  of  the  I  moBt 

excellent  Majestie,  of  the  one  parte,  and  the  lords  spiritual  and  temporall,  cheiftaines 
gent.  fFreeholders,  fermors,  and  inhabyttants  having  lands  or  holding-  in  IMANY, 
called  the  O'KELLIES  COUNTRY,  on  both  sydes  of  the  river  of  Suck  in  the  pro- 
vince of  Connaught:  that  is  to  say,  the  reverend  father  in  God  William,  archbisl 
Twemme — Stephen,  byshopp  of  Clonferte — John,  byshope  of  Elphine — and  Edinond, 
deane  of  Klonknoyse — Ullicke,  erle  of  Clanrickard — Hugh  O  Kelly  .Hone, 

otherwise  called  O'Kelly — Teige  McWilliam  O'Kelly  of  Mullaghmore,  and  Connor 
oge  O'Kelly  of  Killiane,  compettitors  for  the  name  of  tan  nnor 

ne  Garroge  O'Kelly  of  Gallaghe— Shane  ne  nun-  O'Kelly  of  th(  Criaghe,  gen. — William 
O'Mannyne  of  Mynloghe,  otherwise  'ailed  O'Mannine — Mon 
Killtullaghe,  otherwise  called  O'Concannon — Shane  O'Naghten  of  Moynure, 
wise   called  O'Naghten — Edmond   McKeoghe   of  Awenaghe,    otherwise  called   Mac 
Keoghe — Donogh   O'Murry  of  Ballyinurry.   otherwise    called    O'Mi  —I      ioghe 

O'Fallone  of  the  Milltowne,  otherwise  called  O'Fallone — Teig<    M1  Owen 
otherwise   called   Mc  Edmond — Collo    Mc  Connore   of  the  -  I 

Mc  William  Carragh  of  the  same — Connor  Mac  Gerraght,  otherwise  called  McGir- 
raghte — Edmond  wony  O'Concannone  of  Cawlre,  freeholder — Sir  Tl. 
of  Athleague,  knt. — Thomas  Dillone  of  Curraghboy,  esquire — Jol 
murry,  gen. — Nathaniel  Smith  of  Dromolgagh,  gen. — Fraunces   Shan 
gen. — Edward  Mostine  of  the  Graunge,  gen. — Robert  Join  .      — 

Richard  Beetaghe  of  the  Cregge,  gen John  Burke  of  the  Turrocke,  gen. — William 

Mostune  of  the  Downe,  gen. — John  Moore  of  Clonebegnett.  and  Richard  1>  a 
Ratharrowe,  gen — Fimes  Clave  of  Kyncklare,  gen. — K 

gen — George  Goodeman  and  Miles  Cavanaghe,  fTermores  of  S'  J  lem 

Sir  Henry  Wallope  Knight,  ffermor  of  S'  Peters  of  Athlon — Domini  k  Lynch  of 
Galway,  termor  of  the  abbey  of  Cnockmoy — and  Ullick  Derry  Linch  of  Gurrandar- 
raghe,  freeholder,  of  the  other  parte. 

"  WTTNESSETH,  that  wheare  the  said  country  or  territorie  of  Imanav.  called 
the  O'Kellie's  Country,  is  derided   into   fyve  principall  baronies,   that   is  to  wytt, 
Athlone,  Kilconnell,  Teaquine,  Killyane,  and  Moycarnane,  which  contaii  • 
by  auncient  devysion,  as  by  late  Inquistion,  665!  qrs  of  lande,  everie  qr  containing     I 
acres. — FIRSTE,  in  the  barrony  of  Athlone.  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  known 


3*9 

name  of  O'Murrey,  and  Mac  Edmond's  eraght  (oijpeaco,  inheritance)  called  the 
Heyney,  46  q™ — Mac  Keogli's  eraght  called  Moyfinn,  55  qrs — O'Ffallone's  eraght 
called  Clonedaghe,  47  q" — Eraght  Hugh,  called  Toahaleage  (cuctr,  country)  i$\ 
qrs — Eraght  Mc  Gerraght,  33  qrs — O'Noghten's  eraght  called  the  Ffaas,  35  qrs — the 
Slaightines,  being  dispersed  within  the  former  eraghts,  16  qrs;  which  in  the  whole 
cometh  to  2875  qrs.  In  the  barrony  of  Kilconnelle  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called 
Eraght  Carbry,  26  qrs — Toachalla,  30  q" — Toahbreny,  26  qrs,  whereof  belongeth  to 
the  earl  of  Ormond  24  q" — Pobble-Keowghe,  295  qrs;  which  in  the  whole  cometh  to 
107  qrs.  In  the  barony  of  Teaquin  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  Eraght  O'Manyne, 
24  qrs — Killyboggy,  21  qrs — Eraght  I.  Dermoda,  23  qrs — Sleigt  Teighe  M'Donoghe, 
33  qrs — Teagh  ne  palice  15  qrs — in  Killosallane,  4  qrs,  which  is  conveied  over  by  state 
of  inheritance  to  the  aforesaid  Thomas  Dillon  of  Curraghboy — also  Corcomoy,  24  qrs; 
which  in  the  whole  of  that  barony  cometh  to  140  qrs.  In  the  barrony  of  Killian  there 
is  a  quantity  of  land  called  Aghyarte,  12  qrs — Sleight  Teige  O'Kelly,  8  qrs — Eraght 
Dermott,  8  qrs — The  Slewe  12  qrs ;  which  in  the  whole  of  that  barony  cometh  to  40 
qrs.  In  the  barony  of  Moy-carnane  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  Clonmacknoyne, 
otherwise  Shane  ne  Moye's  country,  on  both  sides  of  the  Succe,  89  qrs;  which  in  the 

whole  of  that  barrony  cometh  to  89  qrs All  which  being  drawn  into  one  totall,  cometh 

to  the  aforesaid  number  of  665^  quarters. 

"  The  aforesaid  lords,  chieftaines,  &c.  graunt  to  her  Ma"e  the  Queene,  a  penny 
and  one  third  of  a  penny  out  of  every  acre  of  the  aforesaid  665  \  qrs,  which  amounteth 
in  every  year  to  665  marks  sterling ;  and  for  lack  of  money  to  be  paid,  the  Treasurer  or 
general  receiver  shall  receive  kine  to  the  value  of  the  said  rent,  or  so  much  thereof  as 
shall  remaine  unpaid,  at  the  rate  of  1 3s'  4d'  for  every  good  and  lauful  beofe,  or  as  kine 
shall  be  worthe  and  solde  in  the  markett  of  Athlone,  the  tyme  of  payment. 

"  The  said  lords,  chieftayns,  &c.  acknowledging  the  manifold  benefitts  and  easments 
they  finde,  &c.  doe  covenant  to  aunswere  and  beare,  yearlie  for  ever,  30  good  hable  horse- 
men and  220  footmen  well  armed,  to  all  hostings,  roods  and  jurneyes  within  Connaught 
and  Thomond;  and  10  good  hable  horsemen,  and  40  footmen  well  armed  and  furnished 
with  arms,  garrans  and  victuals,  to  all  generall  hostings  proclaymed  in  this  realme. 
And  they  shall  further  bear,  yield  and  pay  yearly,  300  sufficient  labourers  with  their 
tooles  and  victuals,  to  work  4  daies  every  year  where  the  chiefe  officer  or  commis- 
sioner of  the  said  province  shall  assigne.  And  that  the  sleight  of  the  Naghtenes  shall 
answeare  and  beare  the  accustomed  duties  and  service,  to  her  Majestie's  house  of 
Athlone. 

"  It  is  agreed  by  the  lord  Deputy,  on  behalf  of  the  Queene,  and  the  said  Hugh 
O'Kelly,  otherwise  called  O'Kelly,  Teige  and  Connor  O'Kelly,  compettitors  for  the 
name  and  tanestshippe  of  O'Kellie,  and  others  of  the  Irishry  above  named,  that  the 

captaineshippe 


320 

captaineshippe  &  tanistshippe  of  the  said  country,  called  the  O'Kellie's  cuntry,  which 
hath  been  hertofore  used  by  the  said  O'Kellies,  &  all  colleccon  and  Iri-h  cu-tomary 
devision  of  lands  used  amongst  them,  shall  from  henceforthe  be  utterlye  abolished, 
extinct,  renounced,  and  put  backe  within  the  said  country,  for  ever. — In  ret 
whereof,  and  for  that  her  Majesty  doth  graciously  meane  the  maintaininge  of  such  of 
the  Irishry  as  willingly  submitt,  the  lord  Deputy  doth,  for  the  Queen,  covenant  and 
promise  that  the  said  Hughe  O'Kelly,  otherwise  called  O'Kelly,  shall  have  and  take 
by  letters  patent,  the  4  quarters  of  land,  now  in  his  possession,  in  Eraght  O'Murry 
in  Mc  Edmond's  country  in  the  barony  of  Athlone,  viz.  Lisenuske,  Ferrenbi 
Lyssdallon  and  Moydowe,  with  the  moyety  of  all  the  goods  of  felons,  &c.  within  the 
same  ;  to  be  holden  by  knight's  service:  And,  for  further  augmentacon  of  his  living, 
that  he  shall  have,  during  his  natural]  life,  £56  19s.  6d.  out  of  the  several  lands  fol- 
lowing, viz.  upon  the  eraght  of  O'Murray  and  Mc  Edmond,  one^  qr  of  Killeaghe,  ^  qr 
of  Corragarowe,  \  qr  of  Carrowmader,  Ferrenbreagye,  Shanbally  Mc  Conner.  M<yly- 
terraghe,  Lisseneponre,  Killenreoghe,  Fyermore,  the  erapht  called  ^k-ight 

Gillebert,  and  eraght  Mac  Hughe,  the  qr  of  Cloghane,  Kewne,  Funshenaghe,  Clonlos- 
taghe,  eraght  Mc  Hughe  19  q",   the  eraght  called  Clonodaghe,   the  qr  of  Kilchele, 
Ardnecolenan,  Carowkewle,  Gortenduffe,  Kilvane,   tin-  q'  of  Turr^ck.   in  era. 
Geraght,  the  qr  of  Aghgowre.  Bunnynibber.  Aghgadd,  Clvnlergine,  the  eraght  called 
the  Feaies,  the  cartron  of  Tibraghane,  Killaghane,  a  cartron  _  <  arnmewre, 

Carronderry,  Moyvennan,  Carronlaghane.  CarronloLrlic.  tlie  -5-  qr  of  Carronkewen, 
Drineka,  Clonark,  Clongawnaghe,  Shanvally-nanty,  in  the  eraght  called  Moynnne, 
the  cartron  of  Carrowmore,  Derndoly,  the  ^  quarter  of  Tawnaghe.  Knocke-Cowle-ne 
Caldry,  Carrige,  Ardmolane,  Cornegewre,  Dondonyll.  in  the  barony  of  Moycarnan, 
upon  the  whole  country  called  Cloynvicknoyne,  upon  the  eraght  called  the  Slewe,  in 
the  eraght  of  Toavreny,  the  eraght  of  Aghoarte,  and  Crohonc  Sleight  Teige  O'Kelly, 
upon  the  qr  of  Bealladryne,  the  qr  called  Moyvameon,  (  rregarrowe,  Clondalye, 
Carrownegapple,  Cregane,  Carrowganvy,  Carrownefrevy,  Carrow-blenirlasse,  Carrow- 
morekillyane,  the  q*  of  Moynterdony,  Moyrushe.  Ballynecorre.  Clonkure,  E:  . 
upon  the  eraght  called  Toecallae,  tin-  <ir  of  Lyssedoulane,  the  qr  of  Carrownienagh, 
Lisknedane,  Barneboy,  Loghanebreane,  Carrownenagh.  and  in  the  barony  of  Teaquine, 
upon  the  septs  of  O'Manyne  &  O'Concanon,  and  the  septs  of  the  archbishope,  which 
in  the  whole  conieth  to  the  sum  of  £56   lgs.  Gil. 

"  That  the  said  Teige  Mc  William  O'Kelly  shall  have  by  letters  patentts,  soe  many 
qrs  of  land  as  he  is  now  justly  seized  of,  in  the  barronies  of  Teaquine  &  Kilconnell, 
that  is  to  say,  the  qr  of  Mullaghuiore,  the  qr  of  Farrenefahye,  the  q*  of  Cornegal- 
laghe,  the  qr  of  Carrownesire,  and  the  qr  of  Carrowueboe.     That  the  said  Connor 


32I 

oge  O' Kelly  shall  have  the  four  q™  of  land  in  and  about  the  town  of  Killian;  to  hold 
by  knights  service.  Upon  this  condition,  that  the  said  Hughe,  Teige,  and  Connor 
oge  and  their  heirs,  shall  henceforth  behave  themselves  like  good  subjects;  shall  put 
no  ymposition  or  chardge  upon  the  inhaby tors  of  the  said  lands ;  shall  be  obedyent  to 
the  Queen's  laws ;  shall  not  maintain  or  succour  any  of  her  enemies ;  and  shall  bring 
uppe  their  children  after  the  Englishe  fashions,  and  in  the  use  of  the  Englyshe  tounge ; 
and  that  after  the  decease  of  the  said  Hughe  O'Kelly,  otherwise  called  O'Kelly,  the 
lands  aforesaid  be  discharged  of  the  aforesaid  rents.  IN  WYTNESSE  whereof,  the 
aforesaid  lords,  chieftains,  &c.  have  hereunto  put  their  seales  and  subscribed  their 
names,  the  sixth  day  of  August,  Anno  Domini  1585. 

"  W.   Tuamen S.   Clonferten. — Joh.   Elphine. — O'Kelly.— Connor 

Oge. — Con  Mc  Garet. — Mc  Coffe. — Donoghe  O'Miorry. — O'Nagh- 

tine Thom.    le   Strange. — Thom.    Dillone John    Crofton. — 

Francis   Shane. — Robt.  Johnson John  Birte. — WM.   Mostin 

Miles  Cavanaghe. — John    Norris. — Nehemias   Claye.. — Richard 
Dohorte. — Robt.  Semper. 

"  J.  Perrot. 

"  Althoghe  by  this  within  written  Indenture  of  Composition  with  the  O'Kellies 
cuntry,  they  are  charged  to  her  Majesty  after  the  rate  of  13s.  40?,  sterling  upon  every 
quarter  of  land,  yet,  forasmuche  as  they  were  the  first  that  yealded  to  that  Composi- 
tion in  that  province,  and  thereby  occasioned  others  to  do  the  lyke,  and  that  also  the 
rest  of  the  whole  province  of  Connaught  doth  beare  by  their  Composition  but  10s. 
sterling  a  quarter,  having  in  some  places  farre  better  londe  then  the  O'Kellies  hath, 
and  not  borne  heretofore  soe  greate  a  burden  as  they  have  done,  I  the  Lo.  Deputie 
think  it  very  reasonable,  and  therefore  doe  covenant  and  agree,  that  the  said  O'Kellies 
country  shall  beare  but  as  the  rest  of  the  said  province  doth,  (that  is  to  saye)  10s. 
sterling  upon  every  quarter  of  lande  chardgeable  to  Her  Majesty,  and  soe  to  continue 
until  her  Majesties  pleasure  be  knowne. 

"  J.  Perrot." 

III. 

"  OP  Madden1  s  Country. 

"  THIS  INDENTURE  made  betwixte  the  Right  Honorable  Sir  John  Perrotte 
kn'.  lord  Deputy,  &c.  of  the  one  parte,  and  Stephen  bishop  of  Clonfert — Donyll 
O'Madden  of  Longford,  otherwise  called  O'Maddcn — Owen  Balluff  O'Madden  of  Lus- 

magh,  gen — Cogh  O'Madden  of  Killyan,  gen Edmond  Mc  Downy  of  Rathmore,  gen. 

— Donyll  Mc  Brasill  of  Dryowen,  gen. — Cathall  Carragh  O'Madden  of gen. — 

irish  arch.  soe.  1 5.  2   T  and 


322 

and  other  the  freeholders  and  inhabitants,  having  lands  or  holdings  within  the  barony 
of  Longford,  otherwise  called  SYLLAXMUTGHIE  in  the  county  of  Gal  way,  of  the 
other  parte. 

"  WHEARE  the  said  barony  of  Longforde  contayneth  in  itself,  as  well  by  ancient 
division  as  by  late  Inquisition,  233  quarters  of  laude,  everie  quarter  containing  120 
acres.  FIESTE  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  Lusmoghe,  20  q™ — also  the  manor 
of  Millicke,  4  qrs,  belonging  to  the  Queen — Lysmofadda,  3  q" — the  parish  of  Borrish, 
7  q™ — Knockmoy  darregge,  41  q",  whereof  7  q™  as  is  said  belong  to  her  Map 
right  of  the  abbey  of  Clonfert,  and  5  qrs  as  is  said  beareth  chiefly  to  the  bishoprick 
of  Clonfert — also  Kilmacoaskeagh,  12  q™ — also  Annaghe  Carroll,  2  qr* — the  parish  of 
Moynteronan,  7  qrs — Kenaghan,  Lessinmore  and  Bullinekille,  5  q™ — Glaster,  2  q" — 
Cloughenock  Inisherke,  1  qr — Clonfertt,  2  q",  which  belongcth  to  the  bishoprick  of 
the  same — also  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  Magher  in  Erllae,  20  q™ — Toh 
lemoy,  9 \  q" — Tirran,  4  q™ — Portomna,  6  q™ — Tohe  Mc  Moroghe,  10  q" — Sleight 
Collow,  9  qrs — Tohe  Bolloge,  14  q" — Tohe  Raherrill,  10  qr\  whereof  as  is  said  1  qr 
beareth  chiefry  to  the  bishoprick  of  Clonfert — Boylosky,  9  q" — .'.  -  q™ — 

Gort  O'Madden,  2  qrs — the  Sonagh,  2  q™ — tlie  Lorggie  and  Cappaghe-na. 
2  qrs — Corbally,  4  q™ —  Benigher,  1  qr — Ballybagge,  1  <( — Ballynebrannaghe, 
I  qr — Killeran,  4  qr8 — Clonlaghan,  1  qr — Balleneclanty,  4  q" — Kflltormer,  1  qr — the 
Moy,  4  qrs — Leyssyreaghan,  2  qr"  —  Oghill  bege,  1  qr  —  Aneghcallowe,  1  qr — Toll 
Mc  Sallagh,  1  qr — Rahen  and  Killdolisk,  1  qr — Clonemaskrye,  1  qr — Clonowlise, 
\  a  qr — Clare,  1  qr — Ballemaghen,  1  qr — Androgowle,  2  q" — Clonfeaghan,  1  qr — 
Feabegge,  1  qj — all  within  the  said  barony  ;  and  all  which  being  drawn  into  one 
total  cometh  to  the  aforesaid  number  of  233  quarter-. 

"  The  aforesaid  lords  and  chieftains,  acknowledging  the  manifold  benefitts  and 
easements  they  finde,  doe  covenant  to  aunswere  and  beare  4  good  horsemen  and  12 
footmen,  well  armed  with  carriage  and  victualls,  to  all  hostings,  roods  and  journies 
within  Connaught  and  Thomond  ;  and  2  good  liable  horsemen  and  6  footme:. 
armed,  to  all  generall  hostings  proclaimed  in  tins  real: 

"  It  is  agreed  by  the  said  lord  deputy  that  the  said  Donell  O'Madden,   for  his 
better  mayntenance  of  lyvinge,  shall  have  and  take  by  letters  patent.   8  quar: 
land  as  a  demeasne  to  his  castells  of  Longford  and  Clonfeaghan,  free  ;  to  be  held  as 
of  the  Queen's  manor  of  Mylicke  by  knight's  service;  and  aho  5,-'.  ?ter.  out  01 
quarter  of  147  qrs  of  lande,  in  recompense  of  all  rents,  duties,  spendings  and  demands 
claimed  by  the  said  O'Madden,  of  the  freeholders  of  the  said  q™. 

"  That  the  lord  bishop  of  Clonfert  shall  have  6  qrs.  free  as  a  demayne  to  his  house 
and  manor  of  Clonfert. 

•  That 


323 

"  That  Owen  O'Madden  shall  have  4qrs  free  adjoining  his  house  of  Cloghan;  and 
also  22  qrs  subject  to  this  composition,  whereof  he  is  said  to  be  seized,  as  of  his 
inheritance  in  Lusmagh. 

"  That  the  earle  of  Clanrickard  shall  have  the  castle  or  manor  of  Portumny  and 
4  qrs  free,  whereof  he  is  said  to  be  now  saized  as  of  his  inheritance,  fully  discharged 
of  all  rents  and  demands  of  O'Madden.  IN  WITNESSE  whereof  the  said  Lords, 
Chieftains,  &c,  have  hereunto  put  their  seals,  and  subscribed  their  names,  the  second 
day  of  September,  Anno  Domini  1585. 

"Stephen  Clonfert. — Owin  O'Madden's  marke. — Edmd.  MacDowny's 

marke Donnell   Mac  Brass  all's   marke Cahall    Carragh's 

marke Jno.  Bourke." 


IV. 

"  That  Part  of  Connavght  called  Clanrickard.'''' 

"THIS  INDENTURE  made  betwixte  the  Eight  Honorble  Sir  John  Perrott,  &c.  of 
the  one  partye ;  and  Ulick  earl  of  Clanrickarde — the  rev.  father  in  God  William  arch- 
bishop of  Toeme — Stephen  byshop  of  Clonferte — Thomas  electe  byshop  of  Kilmac- 
kaghe — The  lord  barron  of  Leitryme — Packard  Bourke  of  Derry  Mc  Laghny,  es- 
quire— Sherone  Mc  Khowge  of  Killenedyaine,  otherwise  Mc  Kowge — Ullick  Car- 
raghe    Mc  Hubbert    of  the    Dissharte,    otherwise    called   Mc  Hubberte — Hubbert 

Mc  Edmund  of  Gortnemackin,  gen Robert  Johnesone  of  Binmore,  gen. — William 

Mostonne  of  the  Downe,  gen — Shannock  Me  William  Roe  of  the  Naile,  otherwise 
called  Mac  William  Roe — Walter  Wall  of  Droghtye,  chiefe  of  his  name — Redmond 
Dolphine  of  Rarroddy,  chiefe  of  his  name — Hugh  Mc  Swine  of  Cloghervanae — Oene 
Mc  Swine  of  Kiltullage,  gen — Oene  Mantagh  O'Heine  of  Downgorye,  otherwise 
called  O'Heine — Connor  Crone  O'Heine,  taneste  to  the  said  O'Heine — Hubbert  boy 
Bourk  Mc  Redmond,  otherwise  called  Mc  Edmond— Dermod  O'Shaghnes  of  Gort- 
ynchgory  —  Johne  O'Shaghnes  of  Ardmollyvan,  compettytors  for  the  name  of 
O'Shaghnes — Nehemias  Follane  of  the  Newtone,  gen. — Edmond  Mc  Ullick  Bourke 
of  Ballily,  gen. — Rickaf  d  Mc  William  of  Rahale,  gen. — Shane  oge  Bourke  of  Man- 
nyne,  gen. — and  Brien  reoghe  Mc  Killkelly  of  Cloghballymore,  gen. — of  the  other  parte. 
WYTNESSETH  that  wheare  the  whole  country  or  territory  of  CLANRICKARD  is 
divyded  into  six  principall  baronies,  that  is  to  wytt,  Loughreaghe,  Killetaraghe, 
Clare,  Donkillin,  Athenry,  and  Leitryme,  which  contain,  as  well  by  auncient  devy- 
sion  as  by  late  Inquisicon,  958  quarters  of  lande,  everie  quarter  120  acres: — FIRSTE, 
in  the  baronye  of  Loughreaghe  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  Pobbill  Clan-Henry 

2  T  2  of 


324 

of  the  East,  28  q™ — Ballinekilly,  9  qr* — Ballynecreggy,    2   q™ — Raleine  and   Carrow- 
begge-Conoglior,    3   qrg — Ballwikearaghe,    4  q" — Graghewylle,    12    q™ — Balli: 
rane,   4  qrs— Pubbell   Me.  Hubert,    12    q™  —  Pubbill  Moyntirffiusi       -         —  Eraghe 
Mc  Cowge,  17  qrs — Ballingarry,  3  q™ — The  septe  of  Davie  Roae  his  land,  otherwise 
called  Roae,   7   qrs — Killcarvanane,   2  q™ — The   Bealane,   4  q",   bel 
Maty,  as  is  said,  in  right  of  the  nunry  of  Kilcrenadie  —  the  mannor  of  Lough. 
12  q"  adjoininge  to  the  house,  and  in  the  parke,  4  q" — Bi  me.    1  q' — 

inoyle,   2  qrs — Rayradae,    2   q™ — Carowemore,    1    qr — Cahairegealle,    1  qr — Be,, 
howly,    1  qr — and  Downsander,    2  q™ — Ballyheine,   2  q" — Cahaireneinuck.    1    qr — all 
which  in  the  whole  within   that  barony  cometh   to   154  quartern     In  the  bar' 
Kiltarraghe  there  is  a  quantitye  of  land  called  Eraght  Redmond,   27  q™ — Ballylisa- 
brayne,4qrs — Ballycahalayne,  2qrs  [various  other  quarters  enun  Killowvei 

otherwise  called  O'Heine's  lands,  16  q" — all  Keynnaley  alias  Sheaghnesconntrie,  ici 
q" — also  Termon  Kill  Mr  Kuogh,  6  q" — and  several  q™  belonging  to  the  See  of  Kill- 
macoughe,  &c,  all  which  cometh  to  185  quarters.     In  the  barrony  of  Clare  tfa 
a  quantity  of  land  called  the  half  cowrine  [corhpoinn.  division,  share],  of  Corroefy  une, 
18  qrs — the  half  cowryne  of  Bealanae,   18  qrb  —  the  halfcowri  _  iiriiue  18  q" — 

Twoyeghellae,  17^  qrs — Leckaghebegge,  3  q" — Twoy-Castell-Crevie,  17  q" — the 
land  of  William  Ml  Thomas  his  sept,  17  q™ — Moynter  M'  Hue.  31  q" — The  land  of 
Shane  bwyes  sept  of  Castell  Mc  Haekett,  34  q" — the  Hanele's  lands.  14  q" — the 
lands  of  Edmond  Mc  Redmond's  sept,  14  q" — the  lands  of  old  Walter  M  Ri sdmondi 
sept,  10  qrs — the  lands  of  William  Granae  M'  Ramon's  sept,  14  qr> — Killm' reamon, 
12  q™ — the  Beahaghe,  4  qr" — Killnemannaghe,  2  qr' — Prowtestowne,2  q™ — the  man- 
nor of  Clare,  14  qrs — Fairaghe,  4  q™ — Derry  M°  laghnie,  4  q" — the  lands  ofM 
terheine  of  Balliheylye,  4  qrs — which  in  the  whole  cometh  to  287  .1  of  which 

qrs  belong  to  her  Majestic     In  the  barony  of  Donkillane  there  is  a  quantity  of  land 
called  Ayte  Corewally,   18  q" — Aytevallyline,  14  q" — Ayte  Ballym*  CraL.      -       — 

Kenalgory,   18  q™ — Rahin,  2  q™ — Ardrahen,  1  qr — Raivane,  2  qr' — Killile.  3  q" I;..- 

hanlone,  ^q* — Srue,  2  qrs — SheanganoiiLrh<'.  1  qr — Killcolgane,  7  q™ — Kinvarae,  1  qr — 
Drommikowe   of  Oilineady,  3  q™ — Donkelline,  3  qrs — Ayte   M    William  D 
q™ — Killogilline,  i  qr — Clonisky,  ^  qr — Ayte  Sleight  M  Tibbot,  10  q™ — Oranbegse, 
Liseineknave,  4  qrs — Ronevile,  2  qrs — Erigeny,  4  qn — Cowlrae,  2  q" — Mearyemore.  3  q" 
— Mearyebegge,  2  q™ — Ballinemannaghe,  1  qr — DerrydonilL  2  q" — Ayte-Clan-W 
alias   Crane  more,    12    qrs — Kildroinderrigg,    13    qrs — Roscanie,    1    qr — 1. 

1  qr — Cloghearneshamone,   2  q" — Twelery,    1    qr — Rackoskrae.   2^  q" — Leavalirva, 

2  q" — Cahirmoyler,  1  qr — Kearowe   Sheoing,   1  qr — Ynlaghe,   i  qr — BallymarishalL 
1  qr — which  in  the  whole  in  that  barony  cometh  to  176  quarters.     In  the  bar 

Athenry 


325 

Atlienry  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  Eraght  Dolphine,  27  qrs — Magheryfal- 
taghe  otherwise  called  Magheryaltaghe,  24  qrs — Carnan,  2  q" — which  in  the  whole 
in  that  barony  cometh  to  53  quarters.  In  the  barony  of  Leitrim  there  is  a  quantity 
of  land  called  Twey  Kynallyhine,  and  Ay t  Clan-Shane,  1 2  qrs — Ay te  Clan-Edmond, 
12  qrs — Ayte  Clan -Davie,  9  qrs — Crannagh  Me  Knavin,  4  q™ — Leyhayt  Mc  Edmond, 
6  qrs — Dronkeary,  4  qrs — Tullagh,  2  qrs — Pobbell-ne-hally,  12  q™ — the  castell  of 
Leotrime,  7  qrs — Cloncaslane,  2  qrs — Clondagawe,  4  qrs — Killmuckray,  1  qr — Tin- 
naghe,  2  qrs — Annaghebrid,  1  qr — Balledowgane,  2  qrs — Ballynekilly,  2  qrs — Kill- 
cowly,  2  qrs — Bealananen  and  Bealafenton,  4  qrs — Ballynleylys,  1  qr — Dowry,  2  qrs 
— Carrowcroyne,  1  qr — Carrawowny,  1  qr—  Killineane,  2  qrs  — Sheangorry-ne- 
Mylodaghe,  1  qr — Shanvoy,  4  qrs — Ballenronan  and  Clonrashe,  2  qrs — which  in  the 
whole  in  that  barony  cometh  to  1 03  quarters ;  and  all  which  being  drawn  into  one 
totall  cometh  to  the  aforesaid  number  of  958  quarters. 

"  The  said  chieftains,  lords,  &c.  do  covenant  to  aunsweare  and  beare  40  good  hable 
horsemen  &  200  footmen,  well  armed  with  carriage  and  victualls,  to  all  hostings,  roods 
and  journeyes  within  Connaught  and  Thomond;  and  20  good  hable  horsemen  and  50 
fbotemen  well  armed  and  furnished  with  arms,  garrans,  and  victuals,  to  all  generall 
hostings  proclaymed  in  this  realme. 

"  It  is  agreed  by  the  lord  deputy,  on  behaulfe  of  the  Queen e,  that  the  earl  of 
Clanrickard  shall  have  34  qrs  in  the  barony  of  Loughreagh  free,  as  a  demeane  to  his 
manor  of  Loughreagh.  There  belonge  to  the  heires  of  Sir  Dorby  O  Shaghnes,  knight, 
1 01    qrs  in  the  barony  of  Kiltarraghe;  and  to  Nehemias  Ffolane  2  qrs  adjoining  to 

the  Newtowne That  the  sd  earl  shall  have  10s  ster.  out  of  every  qr  of  64  qrs  within 

that  barony.  In  the  barony  of  Clare  there  are  287  qrs,  whereof  belong  to  the  queen 
in  right  of  Abbey-land  41  qrs;  and  by  the  attainder  of  Tybbott  Bourke  5  qrs  & 
there  belong  to  the  archbishop  of  Tweame,  2 1  qrs.  That  Rickard  Bourke  of  Derryma- 
claghny  shall  have  22  qrs,  whereof  he  is  now  seized  as  of  his  inheritance.  The  manor 
of  Clare  are  7  qrs  of  land  in  the  possession  of  Dominick  Browne  of  Gallway,  alderman, 
and  James  Darcy  has  3  q™  in  the  towns  of  Collene,  Cloncrye  and  Carrow-I-Cullan.  That 
the  said  earl  shall  have  14  qrs  free  in  the  lordship  of  Clare,  as  a  demesne  to  his  house 
of  Corryfinne ;  and  a  rentcharge  of  3s1  out  of  every  other  qr  of  the  residue. 

"  In  the  barony  of  Donkellyn  there  are  four  qls  in  Oranmore,  in  possession  of 
Dominick  Browne  of  Galway,  merchant.  William  Martine  of  Galway  gent,  has  2  qrs 
adjoyning  to  the  town  of  Cahirforvace.  That  the  said  earl  of  Clanrickard  shall  enjoy 
28  qrs  free  as  a  demeane  to  his  castell  of  Kilcolgan;  and  have  13s'  ^  out  of  every 
qr  of  33  qrs  in  the  barony  of  Atlienry. 

"  That 


326 

"  That  the  baron  of  Leitrim  and  his  heirs  shall  have  10  qn  free,  and  13'  41  oute 
of  every  other  qr  in  the  barony  of  Leitrim,  the  Queen's  and  Churchland-  excepted. 

"  That  the  archbishop  of  Tweame,  and  the  bishop  of  Kill  M'Keogfa  shall  have 
several  q"  all  particularly  named,  free. 

"  That  Rickard  Bourke  shall  have  8  q™  free,  adjoyning  his  house  of  Derry 
Mc  laghnie  and  Ballinderry. 

"  That  the  heirs  of  Sir  Dorby  O'Shoghnes  shall  have  8  q"  free,  ady  \ 
manor  house  of  Gortynchygorye. 

"  That  William  Martene,  in  consideration  of  his  services  diveralydon 
shall  have  2  q"  in  Cahirforvase  in  the  barony  of  Donkell 

"  That  Nehemias  Follaine,  in  respect  of  his  travaile  and  pains  taken  for  her 
Majesty,  in  the  search  of  the  quantity  of  land  within  the  said  Clanrickard,  shall  have 
2  q"  in  the  Newtowne  in  the  barony  of  Kiltaraghe,  free, 

"  That  Dominick  Browne,  in  respect  of  the  like,  shall  have-  2  q"  free  adjoini:- 
the  castle  of  Lyedegane  and  Cahirforvace,  in  the  barony  of  Donkellyne,  free. 

"  That  James  Darcy,  for  the  like  consideration,  shall  have  the  three  q™  before 
named  in  the  barony  of  Clare  free. 

"  And  for  as  much  as  divers  of  the  meane  freehoulders  of  the  said  territorie  of 
Clanrickard,  and  the  tenants  dwellinge  upon  their  lands,  are  and  shall  Iks  greatlie 
burdened  by  this  composition,  if  the  petty  lords  and  captain*-  next  above  diem  be 
allowed  to  take  such  rentes  &  customarye  dutyes,  as  they  pretend  to  belong  to  them; 
for  remedy  whereof  it  is  condescended,  concluded  and  agreed,  thai  the  above  named 
McKowghe,    Mc  Hubert,    M°  William   roe,    the   Ffealtaghe    Dolphinaghe,    « »"  1 1 
Mc  Redmond,  Mc  Cremon,   and  all  others  of  that  sort  of  petty  lords  or  capt.. 
have,  hold,  possess,  and  enjoy  all  their  castles  and  lands,  to  descend  from  ech  of  thein 
to  their  heirs  by  course  and  order  of  the  laws  of  England;  and  after  the  dec*.  1 
everie  of  them,  now  livinge,  the  aforesaid  rents,  duties,  and  all  exaeeons  shall, 
thenceforth  be  utterlie  determyned  and  extinguished  for  ever.  IX  W ITNESSE  whereof 
the  said  lords,  chieftains,  &c.  have  hereunto  put  their  seales  and  subscribed  their  names 
the  second  day  of  September,  Anno  Domini,  1585. 

"  Clanricarde. — S.    Clonfert. — Tho.   Dcacen. — William  Mosten. — 
Richard   Bourke. — Hu.  Mc  Swine. — Redmond    Dolphine. —  Own 

MANTAGH     O'HeINE. NEHEMIAS     FoLLANE. — TlRLAGH     O'HeIGXE. — 

James  Dorcte." 

V. 


327 


"  Mac  Davye's  Countreye." 

"  THIS  INDENTURE  made  betwixt  the  Right  Honorable  Sir  John  Perrotte  Knt. 
lord  Deputy,  &c.  of  the  one  parte,  and  William  Archbishop  of  Tweame — Sir  Hubert 
Bourke  Mc  Davie  of  Glenske,  knight — Davie  M°Edmond  of  Kilcroan,  gen. — Thomas 
McHenrie  of  Ballymo,  gen. —  Richard  Betaghe  of  the  Cregg,  gen — Hobbert  bwy 
Me  Edmond  of  the  Moate,  gen. — Shane  Mc  Ullicke  Bourke  of  Rahenille,  otherwise 
called  Mc  Walter,  chiefe  of  his  name — Shane  Mc  Ullicke  of  Killmogher,  gen. — and 
others  the  freeholders  and  inhabitants  having  lands  or  holdings  within  the  barony  of 
BELLAMOE,  and  Mc  DAVIE'S  COUNTRY,  by  east  the  river  of  Succke  in  the 
countie  of  Roscommon,  of  the  other  parte3. 

WYTNESSETHE,  that  whereas  the  said  baronie  of  Bellamo,  and  the  lands  by 
east  the  river  of  Suck,  conteyneth,  as  well  by  ancient  division  as  by  late  Inquisition, 
212^  qrs  each  containing  120  acres. — FIRSTE  in  the  barronie  of  Bellamo  there  is  a 
quantity  of  land  called  Loghlaunge,  8  qrs — Clafaghne,  1  qr — Cloncae,  ^  qr — Rosemo- 
lan,  1  qr — Ballyne,  i\  qrs;  all  which  are  belonging  and  adjoining  to  Mc  Davie's  howse 
or  manor  of  Glinske — also  Ballynekillie,  ^  qr,  belonginge  to  the  bishoprick  of  El- 
phine — Cloncomyske,  4  qrs — Tonreggie,  4  qrs  —  Cornemucklaghe,  Tossecreggan  and 
Gylcaghe,  8  qrs,  whereof  \  a  qr  lyeth  by  east  the  ryver  of  Succke, — Dengenterragh, 
4  qrs — Dromenehea,  z\  qrs — Garrowghe,  4  qrs,  whereof  1  qr  lyeth  on  the  east  side 
of  the  Succke — Downoman,   4  qrs,  whereof  2   qrs  lyeth  on  the  same  east  side  of  the 

said 

a  Two  Indentures  of  Composition  appear  to  have  \  qr — in  Cortdrissy,  J  qr — in  Liskea,  1  qr — in  Kill- 
been  entered  into  for  Mac  Davy's  country.  The  se-  nelag,  1  qr — in  Kearoweroney  Mc  Rist,  1  qr — in 
cond  Indenture  is  that  given  above.  The  first  was  Croghill,  1  qr- — also  in  Glinske  and  Donemayne, 
entered  into  on  4th  Sept.,  1585,  and  in  it  the  en-  8  qrs — also  Tohe  Mc  Walter,  27^  qrs — in  Boker- 
tire  territory  is  stated  to  contain  only  192  qrs,  viz.  ran  and  Lisborly,  2  qrs — -which,  in  the  whole,  with- 

"  There  is  in  the  said  barrony  of  Bellamo  a  quantity       in  that  barony  of  Bellamo  cometh  to  113  qrs Also 

of  land  called  Tohe-Killebeggenet,  18  qrs — Tohe-  th  re  is  a  quantity  of  lande  by  easte  the  Sucke,  in 
rioghe,  15  qrs — Fferrynlynode,  4  qre — Tohetogher,  Magher  Connaght,  within  the  countie  of  Roscom- 
39  qrs,  viz.  Sleight  Shane  garaf,  and  Sleight  Ty-  mon,  belonging  to  Mc  Davy,  and  his  kinsmen,  con- 
bete,  2  q" — in  the  towne  of  Urriegher,  4  qrs — Lis-  sistinge  of  85  qrs."  Sir  Hubert  Bourke  Mc  Davie, 
drissaghan,  2  q,s — Kearoweneny,    1  qr — Kearowe-  afterwards  "came  in,"  and  made  discovery  of  the 

roo,  1  qr in  Letully,  2  qrs — in  Tylbegge,  2  qrs —  concealed  lands,  which  occasioned  the  second  inden- 

in  Tome-Croymer,  2  qrs — in  Kearowderry,  1  qr — in  ture  of  composition  given  above;  in  which  his  "  in- 

Derrymoy,    2    qrs— in   Bonedober,     2  qrs— in    the  dustrie  and  dilligente  search"  appear  to  have  been 

Shrede,  1  qr— in  Ardclone,    1   qr— in  Curraghebay,  amply  rewarded. 


328 


said  river— also    Cornveagh-Shonen,    \  qr — Farrontynod,    5  q™ — There  are  a. 
Toatogher  within  the  said  barrony,  theis  parcells  of  land  following,  viz.  Killveg.  2  q" — 
Tomeghroyne,   2  qrs — Lyederry,   2  q" — Derrymod,   2  qr! — Mondobber,    2   q" — Car- 
rowderre,  1  qr — Carroweroe,',  1  qr — Ardclone,  4  qr  — Killylegge,  1  q' —  ~ 

Croghill,  1  qr — Carrowroe-ne-Dowclonaghe,  1  qr — Lyssedryssaghan,  2  'jr' — D: 
4  qr" — Castelreoghe,  1^  qrs — Kylmore,  1  qr — Kyllmoghare,  1  qr — Laghill  and  Cran- 
tage,  1  qr — Carrowreoghe.  1  qr — Rysseruse,  1  qr — Kilmore-dromly,  ^  qr. — Curra<rh- 
netnmyd,  1  qr — Calleriegh,  1  qr — Carrownvallie,  1  qr—  Clonaghgarrowe  and  Gortnowe, 
1  qr — Gortnegier  and  Clondowill,  1  qr:  also  in  Toa  M'  Walter  within  the  said  baronv, 
there  are  theis  parcells  of  land  following,  viz.  Attvmeghan.  4  qrt — Cladagh,  1  qr — 


Leavally,   1^  qr — Moylisse,  1^  qr 


-Carroweroe  and  Downbreane,   1 


I  qr 


-Kilberran, 


1  qr — Killevoher,  1  qr — Kinclaremore,  1  qr — Rissenuske,  1  'jr — the  Parck.  1  qr — 
Lynelaghe  and  Tweamarde,  1  qr — Cappanaghe,  1  qr — Cloncon  and  Killteakle,  1  qr — 
allso  Ballyneuleskaghe,  4  q"—  Tskerrigan  and  Tobberneclogge,  1  qr — Clonmore  and 
Gurtyne,    1   qr — Clonmarkan  and  Lamnro,  \  qr — Lomanagi.  jh,    1    qr — 

Loghiuelan  and  Trilie,  1  qr — Bokerran  and  Lisburlie,  2  qr\  the  areh- 

bishoprick  of  Tweame — Killmurry,  ^  qr  belonging  to  the  same,  which  in  the  whole 
within  that  barronie  cometh  to  the  number  of  1 29  q". 

"  In  Mc  Davie's  country,  by  east  the  river  of  Sucke,  there  is  a  quantity  of  land 
called  Awflare,  4  q™ — Farrer,  4  q" — Skehenegan,  4  q" — Kiltultoge,  4  q" — Ballyna- 
kerell,  4  q" — Ardlaghen,  4  qr! — Rackinylie,  2  qr' — Carroweduffe,  1  qr — Lysselun- 
sheghane,  1  qi — Ballynowe,  4  q" — Crive,  3  q™ — Runebackan,  1  qr — Ramene,  4  q" — 
Curresdowne,  2  q" — Killenredd,  2  q" — Carvally,  4  qn — Akagher,  4  q™ — Dondermod, 
|-  qr — Clongalgan,  4  q" — Balleferran,  4  q" — Ballevorgan,  4  q™ — Ballegoll.  4  q" — 
Ballyturle,  2  q™ — Ymlaghvegge,  1  qr — Imlaghnegrie,  1  <\ — Woram  alias  VVarham. 
4  qrs,  belonging  to  the  archbishop  of  Tweame — Clonycormocan,  4  q",  whereof  2  q™ 
belongeth  to  her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  R  -common — Ymlaghmore,  2  q" 
belonging  to  her  Majesty  in  right  of  said  abbey — Runemoate,  1  qr — Dromtample, 
1  qr — Leamore,  4  qrs.  And  so  the  whole,  within  that  part  of  Mc  Davie's  country  br- 
east the  river  Suck  in  the  countrey  of  Roscommon,  cometh  to  the  nomber  of  88^  q™. 

"  The  said  lords,  chieftaines,  gentlemen,  freeholders,  and  the  rot  of  the  inhabi- 
tants, as  well  of  the  said  barony  of  Ballamoe  as  Mc  Davie's  countrey,  by  east  die  river 
of  Suck  aforesaid,  acknowledginge  the  manifold  benefits  and  easements  they  fit. 
doe  covenant  to  aunswere  &  beare,  yearlie  for  ever.  3  good  hable  horsemen  and  8  foot- 
men well  armed  to  all  hostings,  roods  and  jurneyes  within  Connaught  and  Thomond; 
and  2  good  hable  horsemen  and  4  footmen  well  armed  to  all  generall  hostings  pro- 
claymed  in  this  realme. 

-  It 


329 

"It  is  agreed  by  the  lord  deputy,  on  behalfe  of  the  Queen,  that  the  said  Sir 
Hubert  Burke  Mc  Davy,  knt.  for  the  better  supportacon  and  maintenance  of  the  dig- 
nity of  knighthood,  whereunto  it  hath  pleased  her  Majesty  to  call  him,  and  in  respect 
that  by  his  industrie  and  dilligente  search,  there  are  a  great  number  of  quarters  of 
land  found  out  by  presentment,  which  was  like  to  be  concealed;  shall  have,  hold, 
possess,  and  enjoy  to  him  and  his  heirs,  not  only  such  castles  and  lands  as  he  doth  now 
possess  by  the  name  and  callinge  of  Mac  Davye,  but  also  such  as  he  is  now  justlie 
seized  of  as  of  his  proper  inheritance,  which  are  said  to  be  in  the  whole  the  number 
of  104  qrs,  whereof  he  shall  hold  24^  qrs  as  a  demayne  next  adjoining  to  his  castles  of 
Glinske  and  Downamore,  and  to  such  other  of  his  howses  as  he  shall  make  choice  of, 
free;  and  that  he  shall  hold  by  knight's  service,  viz.  by  one  knights  fee,  as  of  the 
manor  or  house  of  Athlone  ;  and  shall  have  chief  rents  out  of  the  said  other  qrs  in 
full  recompense  of  all  duties,  exactions  and  customary  spendings,  by  him  claymed 
upon  the  freeholders  of  the  same. 

"  That  Shane  ML'  Ullicke  Bourke,  otherwise  called  Mac  Walter,  shall  have  5  q" 
free,  as  a  demayne  next  adjoyninge  his  howse  or  castle  of  Renaltaghe,  in  the  baronie 
of  Bellamoe. 

"  That  Shane  Mc  Ullicke  of  Kymogher  shall  have  2  qrs  free,  as  a  demayne  of  Kyl- 
nevogher. 

"  That  Hobert  Mc  Edmond  shall  have  1  qr  free,  next  adjoininge  his  house  of 
Gortnedie  in  said  barony. 

"  That  Richard  Betaghe,  in  respecte  of  the  good  service  he  hath  done  to  Her 
Majesty  in  tyme  past,  and  intendeth  to  do  in  tyme  to  come,  shall  have  2  qrs  free,  as  a 
demayne  next  adjoyninge  to  his  house  or  towne  of  the  Cregg. 

"  That  Davie  Me  Edmond  shall  have  2  qrs  free,  as  a  demayne  next  adjoyninge  his 
house  of  Kylcroan,  and  Lyssedrisseghan. 

"  That  Thomas  Mc  Henry  shall  have  3  qrs  free,  next  adjoyninge  his  castell  of 
Bellamoe.  IN  WYTNESSE  whereof,  the  said  lordes,  chieftaines,  &c,  have  hereunto 
put  their  seales,  and  subscribed  their  names,  at  Galway  the  3rd  day  of  Feby  1585. 

"  Sir  Hobart  Bourk's  marke. 
"  Davy  M1'  Edmonde's  marke. 
"  Shane  Mc  Ullick's  marke. 
"  Mc  Walter's  marke. 
VI. 
"  Brymeghani's  Country,  or  Barony  of  Donemore. 

"  THIS  INDENTURE  made  betwixt  the  Right  Honorable  Sir  John  Perrotte 
Knight,  lord  deputie  generall  of  Irelande,  for  and  on  behalfe  of  the  Queene's  most 

irish  arch.  soc.  1 5.  2  U  excellent 


33° 

excellent  Majestie  of  the  one  partie,  and  Ullick  earle  of  Clanrickard — William  arch- 
bishoppe  of  Tweame — Edmond  Brymidgham  lord  barron  of  Athenrie — Tibbotl 

Mc  Jonen  of  Tobberkeoghe,  gen Donyll  O'Higgin  of  Killclona,  gen. — lames  dutte 

Brymidgham  of  Feartemore,  gen. — Robert  Fowlle  of  Feartemore,  gen. — Waltei 
midgham  of  Myltoun,  gen.,  and  others  the  freeholders  and  inhabitants,  having  lauds 
or  holdings  in  the  barony  of  DOWXMORE,   within  tin-  county  of  Gain 
other  parte. 

"  WYTNESSETHE,  that  whereas  the  said  baronie  of  Donm  .  an- 

cient division  as  by  late  inquisition,  contains  183  q™,  each  qr  containing  12c  acres,  viz. 
FIRSTE,  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  the  third  of  Walter  Brymighanv 
qrs;  whereof  is  said  to  belong  to  the  bishoprick  of  Clonmacknoyse  4  ■ 
bishoprick  of  Tweame  6  qrs,  to  the  dean  and  parish  of  Tweame  5  q",  and  to  h<  1 
in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Killcrenade  as  is  said,  1 1  q" — also  'l>>h<--Tirlagli-vau^han, 
43  1™»  whereof  belong  to  Her  Majesty,  in  right  of  the  Trynitye  abbey  1  : 
as  is  said,  4qrs;  and  also  to  Her  Majesty  in  righl  of  the  abb  S     ;   bn  of  Tv. 

3  qrs — also  Tohe-Downmore,  63  qrs;  all  which,  in  the  whole  barony  of  1 
aforesaid,  cometh  to  the  number  of  183  quarters. 

"  The  aforesaid  lords,  &c.  doe  covenant  to  aunsweiv  >  :  good  ha' 

men  and  4  footmen  well  armed,  with  carriage  and  victualls,  t<>  all  hosti 
journyes  within  Connaught  and  Thomond:  and  1  good  liable  horseman  and  2 
men  well  armed,  to  all  general  1  hostings  proclaimed  in  this  realm 

"  It  is  agreed  that  the  lord  baron  of  Athenry  shall  have  59 
to  his  manors  or  castells  of  Downmore  and  Turlaghvaghan,  and  a 
of  5s  ster.  out  of  everie  qr  of  the  residue  of  all  said  q™. 

"  That  the  earle  of  Clanrickard  shall  have  tin-  abbej    of  K:l  : 
thereto  adjoyning,  free. 

"  And  wheare  the  manor  of  Feartymore  is  said   I 
Fowell,  gen.  shall  have  the  said  manor  and  6  qrs  fn 

"  That  Tybott  bwy  M°  Johnyne  shall  have  the  castell  •■:    . 
adjoyning  same,  free.     And  that  they  shall  all  held  of  the  Queen,  a-  of  hei 
manor  of  Lyssekenanan  within   the  aforesaid   county  of  Galway.      INWI TNESSK 
whereof,  the  aforesaid  lordes  and  gentlemen  have  hereunto  put  their  -        -         I  sub- 
scribed their  names,  at  Galway  the  fourth  day  of  September,  Anno  Domini  15^5. 

••  W.  Tiam — Clanrykard. 

•■  E.  Athenry — Tibdott  BOT,  hi-  ma:  - 

••  Robert  Fowle.'" 

VII. 


VII. 

"  Countie  ofMayoe." 

"  THIS  INDENTURE  made  betwixte  the  Right  Honorable  Sir  John  Perrot  knight, 
lord  deputie  generall  of  Irelande,  for  and  on  the  behalfe  of  the  Queenes  most  excellent 
Matic  of  the  one  partye,  and  the  reverend  fathers  in  God,  William  archbyshop  of  Tweame 
— Owen  ellecte  byshopp  ofKillalae — Sir  Richard  Bourke  of  the  Newton  knight,  other- 
wise called  Mc  William  Eyghter — Walter  Kettagh  of  Bealeck,  gen. — William  Bourke 
of  Ardnery,  gen. — Edmond  Bourk  Mc  Oliver  of  Ropa,  gen. — Richard  Barrett  of  Ross, 
otherwise  called  Mc'  Padin,  chief  of  his  name — Pierce  Barrett  of  Ballasseekery,  gen. — 
Myly  Mc  Evily  of  Kinturk,  otherwise  called  Mc  Evily,  chiefe  of  his  name — Edmond 
Bourke  of  Castlebar,  tanest  to  the  said  Mc  William  Eyghter — William  Bourke  of  Bal- 
lenecarrae,  otherwyse  called  the  blinde  abbote — Moyller  Bourke  of  Castle  Mc  Kerra, 
gen.  — Tybbott  Reoghe  Bourke  of  Boherfayne,  gea. — Edmund  Evagher  Mc  Jordan  of 
Bellalaheu,  otherwise  called  Mc  Jordan — Moyler  Mc  Jurdan  of  the  Newcastell,  gen. — 

Walter  Leaghe  M°  Stevane  of  Corran  Mc  Stephane,  gen Jordan  Mc  Thomas  of  Bal- 

lahaghe,  gen. — Richard  Mc  Moryse  of  the  Bryse,  otherwise  called  Mc  Moryshe  chiefe 
of  his  name — Davy  Mc  Moryshe  of  Castell  Mc  Geralte,  gen. — Walter  Mc  Erydry  of 
castell-Reoghe,  gen. — William  Bourke  of  Shrowell,  gen. — Edmond  Bourke  of  Conge, 
gen. — Riccard  oge  Bourke  of  Cloynecashell,  gen. — Molaghlyne  O'Mayle  of  Belclare, 
otherwise  called  O'Mayle  chiefe  of  his  name — Teige  roe  O'Mayle  of  Cahairenemart, 
gen. — Ouan  O'Mayle  of  the  same,  gen. — Dermot  Mc  Arte  of  Clare,  gen. — Gilleduffe 
Mc  Gibbon  of  Ballynekillye,  gen. — Ricard  oge  Mc  Gibbon  of  Glankyne,  gen. — Sher- 
rone  Mc  Gibbon  of  Lackane,  gen. — Nicholas  fitz-Symons  of  Dunmacknynye,  gen — 
Walter  Mc  Phillipyne  of  Brehe,  otherwise  called  M°  Phillypyne  chiefe  of  his  name — 
Ferraghe  Mc  Tirrlage  roe  of  Carrickmadye,  gen. — Edmond  oge  Mc  Gibbon  of  Derry- 
macgornan — William  Bourke  of  Torrane,  gen. — Riccard  oge  Mc  Tomyne  of  Ballicroen, 

gen Edmond  Barret  of  Dowlaghe,  gen. — John  Browne  of  the  Neyle,  gen. — Richard 

Barret  of  Kyrenan,  gen. — and  John  Caree  of  Downmacknyny,  gen.  of  the  other  partie. 

"WYTNESSETH,  that  wheare  the  whole  country  or  terrytory  of  MAYOE  ys 
devyded  into  nyne  principall  barronies,  that  ys  to  wy tte,  the  barrony  of  Crosbohine  alias 
Clanmorys,  the  barronies  of  Kilmean,  Muryske,  Burreshowle,  Envyremore  alias  Irrish, 
Moyne  alias  Tyrrawly,  Burreskerra  alias  Kerra,  Bellalahen  alias  Gallene,  &  Clane- 
Costellae  ;  which  (omyttinge  Clan-Costelloe)  contain,  as  well  by  auncient  devy- 
syon  as  by  late  inquisition,  14485  qr\  each  qr  containing  120  acresa. — FIRSTE,  in  the 

barronie 

3  The  "Boundaries  of  Mayo"  have  been  found  as       Conge,  the  22nd  xlugust  1607,  before  Sir  Anthony 
follows,  by  an   Inquisition  taken  at  the  abbye  of       St.  Leger,  Master  of  the  Rolls,  &c.     "  The  countie 

2    U   2 


barronie  of  Crosbohine  alias  Clanrnorys,  there  is  a  quantity  of  laud  called  tb 
consisting  of  7  qrs— alsoe  Derowle,  14  q™— the  Morning.   12  q"— Ballycowle  ft  ( 
gare,  9  qrs— Caslane  Enlagh-Karowe,  13  qr'— Ballekenknavy,  12  qrs— Castc-llkeyle,  3 
q" — Castell  McGerralt,  4  qrs— Down  mc  nynye  and  Caetellreaghe,  22  q"— I 

4  •{" 


of  Mayo    consisteth    of  ten    baronies,    vi/..    Kill- 
mean,  Eosse,  Murske,   Borcsowle,  Irrus,  Ty  rawly. 

Galleng,  Costello,  Clanmorrice,  and  Kerra That 

the  same  county  is  hounded  with  the  county  of  Gal- 
waye  on  the  sowthe  and  sowthe  west     Firete  the 
barony  of  Kilmean  doth  bound  with  the  lord  Bir- 
mingham  countrye   at   A  th. soil  us.    in   the  east   of 
Ballycheraghe,  from  thence  to  the  forde  of  Ardower, 
and  from  thence  the  bogg called  < ilayssebrydd  to  tin- 
river  of  Shrower,  and  from  thence  to  Cloghane  Col 
rigg  in  the  east  of  Kynlagh,  from  thence  to   the 
ford  of  Athleaagh,    and  from   thence   tin-   rh 
Moyne  to  Loghcorbe,  which  logh  doth   bonnde  the 
said  county  to  the  river  of  I-'allmer  :  and  from  th 
to  the   mountayne  of  Mamenne,    and  them 
great   mountayne   to   the   river   of  Loghtaf... 
which  river  doth  extend  to  the  sea  called  K.  U 
and  from  thence  to  the  rocke  called  Carrigi-olna  on 
the  sowthe  side  of  the  black  rocke  calk-d  Inish  bo 
fine:  and  so  the  mayne  ocean  sea  on  the  west,  north- 
weast,  and  north,  boundinge  thence  the  baronii ■-  of 
Murske,  Borresowle,  Irrus,    and  Tyrawly,   to   the 
river  of  Move,  and  from  that  river  to  the  river  of 
Bonryowe  right  agaynste  Belleeke.   which  river  i- 
011  the  northe  of  Ardnerie,  and  from  that  river  to 
bogg  of  Lahagh  in  Tyowe  on  the  sowth  of  Ball] 
cotle,  and  from  thence,  the  west  and  of  the  moun- 
tayne of  Lynedanc,  to  Mullycowes  in  Belclare  in 
O'llirareogh's  coimtrie,  in  the  county  of  Sligo:  from 
thence  to  Bellahy  mealing  between  the  counties  of 
Mayo  and  Sligo,  from  thence  to  Srowan-even-lode, 
in  the  north  side  of  Ballmilen,  and  from  them 
Bellanefohy  on  the  north  side  of  Killcohnan  in  Cos- 
tallo,  from  thence  to  Clownagonain  neer  Bungare 
in  the  county  of  Rosscommon :  from  thence  to  Bella - 
meuda  on  the  easte  of  the  monastery  of  I'llare  in 
Costello,   from  thence  to  Curragh  Mc  Eneanta  nier 


neigh    in   the   county  mon.    from 

thence  to  the  Legan,  Killtullagh  in  J>illero»n  in  the 
county  of  Roscommon  aforesaid,  from  fence  to  the 
forde  of  Cowlenedrcnv  in  Sillerown,  in  the  com 
Roscommon  aforesaid,   from  thence  to  the   pass  of 
&  ]l.>:ih-ne-leeklen  in  Ermylton  in  the* 
ham  liis  country,  from  Ath*-- 

sollus,  v  hi  ;<-  i!.    ..foresaid  mearin-  dyd  U-gynn. 

•' Tliesare  the  uttenii 
Mayo  ..11   all   Bides.      And   whatMM  vned 

within  the  aforesaid  boi 
wee  tinde  that  the  barrony  ..f  Kiln 

_ 
81    q  •.   lie    :-  -- 

Rosse  1  ut  ]),,«  it  i»  inha 

we  know  not.  Th.-  barony  of  Burres-owle  consisteth 
of  131  q™,  when  of  32  are  inhabitted  of  the  chardge- 
able  land,  the  rest  free  and  waste.  The  ban.ny  of 
Mur-k.-  consisteth        -  86  are  inha- 

bited, til.   !  ponj  of  Iri-~  o  I 

eth  40  .|r".  whereof  of  the  .harp:.1  tted  4. 

the  rest  Era   and  waste.     The  barony  of  Gallen  con- 
teyneth   183  <\'\  whereof  are  of  the  chardgat  i 
habitted  40  q™,  t!  The  barooy 

of  Tyerauly  consisteth  <  f  are  inha- 

bit ted  52  q™,  tin-  rest  free  and  waste.     The  bai 
of  Clanmonshe  consisteth  ■ :    .  ■-.  hereof  are 

inhabitte.l  ofthi   chardgeable  Ian 
free  and  waste.      By  an  In. nil- 
there  are  of  quarter.-  in  the  ban.: 
.|r-:  yet  wee  fynde  that  it  is  commonly  heald  tocoa- 
teyne  83  q™,  whereof  of  the  chardgeable  q™  are 
inhabitted  4 7.  the  rest  waste.     The  barony  of  Kerra 
consisteth  of  281   q",  whereof  are  inhabitted  of  the 
chargeable  lands  04  qB,  the  rest  free  and  was: 
Grig.  InqtCU.  Rolls  Off.  Dublin. 


333 

4  qrs — Keankylly,  14  qrs — Alieana,  6  qrs — Clogher,  2  qrs — Barreila,  4  q" — Knockan- 
coyle,  1  qr — Ballenstrangforde,  3  qrs — Balle  mcadame,  4  qrs — the  cepte  of  Rickard 
fynn,  8  qrs — the  cept  of  Moyntercullenan,  4  qrs — Clonbane,  4  q™ — Bally  mc  Rickarde, 
2  q" — Kilenhene,  2  qrs — Rouske,  2  qrs — Cowleroe,  2  qrs— Clondyver,  1  qr — Carrolagh- 
emore,  1  qr — Ballechrunan,  4  qrs — Termon,  24  qrs,  belonging  to  the  archbishop ricke  ol 
Tweame — alsoe  the  abbey  of  Ballynsmalle,  x  qr,  belonging  to  her  Majesty — Killvon- 
dane,  2  qrs,  belonging  to  the  Queen  in  right  of  the  abbay  of  Mayoe — Crosbohine, 
1  qr — Kylcowle,  4  qrs,  belonging  to  her  Maty  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Mayoe — Kep- 
paghe  and  Derradae,  2  qrs — Knockdorchy  and  Ballynester,  1  qr,  belonging  to  her  Maty 
in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Mayo— Glaneghelrine  and  Skrykene,  1  qr — Lyannaghe  and 
Purte,  1  qr — Ballyhumillane  and  Singanaghe,  1  qr — Ballymalavalle  and  Ballymago- 
rane,  1  qr — and  Ballyclanristarde,  1  qr,  in  all  200  qrs.  In  the  barronie  of  Kilmeane 
there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  Connyckenecowlye,  128  qls,  whereof  belongeth  to 
William  Bourke  M°  Shane  and  his  freeholders,  80  qrs,  and  to  Edmond  Bourke 
Mc  Thomas  Evagherye  and  his  followers,  48  qrs — alsoe  Moynter-Creaghane,  22  qrs — 
Eyghterhyre,  80  qrs — Loughmaske,  1 2  qrs — Ballynrobae,  4  qrs — Ballynclontye,  4  qrs — 
Kenlaghe,  10  qrs — also  belonging  to  the  archbishopricke  of  Tweame,  22  qrs — to  the 
Queen  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Conge,  1 6  qrs — also  1  qr  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Ballyn- 
robae— also  Moyne,  2  qrs — Lackfynne,  2  qrs — also  2  qrs  belonging  to  her  Maty  in  right 
of  the  nunrye  of  Innyshmeane  and  Ballyncaloe — also  Dowrishe,  2  q".  The  whole  in 
that  barony  cometh  to  321  qrs.  In  the  barronie  of  Muryske,  in  the  Owles,  there  is  a 
quantity  of  land  called  Lorge  owle  O'Mayle,  36  qrs — Ilane-ne  Moghea,  36  qrs — also 
belonging  to  the  archbishoprick  of  Tweame,  7  qrs — and  1  qr  belonging  to  her  Maty  in 
right  of  the  abbey  of  Muryske,  in  all  80  qrs.  In  the  barronie  of  Burreshowle  there  is 
a  quantity  of  land  called  the  sept  of  Clanphillypins,  consisting  of  24  qrs — the  cepte  of 
McTybbot  16  q,s — Termonaghegowre  24  qrs,  belonging  to  the  archbishoppe  of 
Tweame — 4  qrs  belonging  to  her  Maty  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Ballyntober — alsoe  these 
parcells  of  land  followinge,  belonging  as  is  said  to  the  erle  of  Ormonde,  viz.  Ackeall, 
4  qrs — Tyrenare  and  Boireshowle,  1 2  qrs— Balleveaghan,  6  qrs,  whereof  2  qrs  belong  to 
the  archbishoprick  of  Tweame — also  Baleagowre,  4  qrs — Kennarde,  4  qrs — Lecarrobo- 
her,  4  qrs — Clogher,  4  qrs — Ballyhallynan,  4  qrs — Roslea  and  Rosnebrare,  6  qrs,  belong- 
ing to  the  archbishoprick  of  Tweame — also  Money,  2  qrs — Ferrentyre,  2  qrs — Kellma- 
glasse,  2  qrs,  belonging  to  the  archbishoprick  of  Tweame — also  Cagall,  2  qrs — which  in 
the  whole  cometh  to  124  qrs  within  that  barronie. — In  the  barronie  of  Enviremore 
alias  Irrysh,  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  the  Came,  4  qrs — Eyre-Irryshe,  4  qrs — 
Leame,  4  qrs — Toeskerte,  2  qrs — Ymlevegger,  2  qrs — Ballecroye,  4  qrs,  belonging  as  is 
said  to  the  earle    of  Ormonde — also  Glankoa-lehinskey,  4  qrs — Dowghekeaghane,  4 

qrs— 


334 

q» — Carrownenowghyne,   2  qrs— Ballymonyll.   1   qr — Glanmoy  and  Dawnecart;. 
qr — Innvre  and  great  Innyskey,  2  q" —  Letereghe,  1  qr— Kilteyny,   1  qr,  bd 
her  Ma'y  in  right  of  the  abby  of  Ballintober — the  Crosse,  3  q™,  belong] 
in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Crosse — Termon-kilhi.. 

1  qr  belongs  to  the  Bishopricke  of  Killalae — Termon-kerraghi  ,  1  q" B  .1  ^ 

belonging  to  same — Ballecroye,  1  qr,  belonging  to  same — the  whole  in  that  barronie 
432  <T-     In  tlie  barony  of  Moyne  alias  Tyrawly,  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  the 

cowrine  of  Ballynewe,  alias  the  Newtowne,  40  qr" — cowryne  ne  1:        .• .   23  q™ 

cowryne  Bealicke,  48  qrs— Barred's  cowryne,  18  q" — T<  fi  if—Tbt 

Laggan  and  the  Clandonyles,  36  q™—  Toe  Keherrenan,  18  q" — Toae  Boawynym 
Glanhosty,  27  qrs — Ardenery,  44".  whereof  2  qr-  belong  to  the  bishoprick   of  Kil- 
lalae — In  the  said  barony  belong  to  the  bishopricke  of  Killalae   39  q"_ 
Grange  of  the  Newtowne,  4  qr\  belonging  to  her  Ma,J  in  right  of  the  abbey  of 

moy — also  belonging  as  is  said  to  the  dean  and  chaunter  of  Killalae.  2  qn also  be- 
longing to  the  Queen  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  RaYrana,  2  q™— which  in  the  whole 
within  that  barony  cometh  to  287  q' .     In  the  barronie  of  Burreskarre  alii 
there  is  a  qr  of  land  called  cowryne  Downmonye,   21  q" — cowryne  Ball;. 
q«_ cowryne  Moyonylie,  2 1  q™— cowryne  Kentorl       1  -       — 
Castellkerrane,  22  qrs— the  hall' cowryne  ofClonyne,   io£  q" — the  half  a 
Lortane,   io£  qrs— Sleight  Dlicke  Bourke,  and  Sleighl  Davy  duff  Bourke. 
of  21  q™— the  cowryne  ofTorlaghe,  21  q™ — the  cowryn                   1-Barrye.   21  q"— 
Slewoney,  24  qrs— Drom  and  Ball                8  qR — Balliutobber,  8  q",  h 
Queen  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Ballyntobber— Levally  i                  8  q"— Clnndowane. 

2  qra— Kearoweenny,  4  q"— Ballyovey,  4  q",  belo  . 

Tweame,  which  in  the  whole  in  that  barronie  cometh  to  253  q".     In  the  bam.: 
Bellalahin  alias  Gallen,  there  is  a  quarter  of  land  called  (  -S  ,  i(   a" — Clan- 

manny,  16  qrs — Toa?  Boycolloe,  16  qrs — Toe  Newcastell,  16  qn— Cawlekearnye  and 
Toaj  Bellaghaghe,  64  q" — Keanaufe  and  Killedane.  6  q™,  belonging  to  the  bishoprick 
ofAchonry — also  Bellalahen,  16  qrs — also  belonging  to  the  Queen  in  right  <>f  the 
abbey  of  Strade,  4  q™ — which  in  the  whole  of  that  barronie  cometh  to  1S0  q".  All 
which,  being  drawn  into  one  totall,  cometh  to  the  aforesaid  number  of  1448^  q"; 
whereof  belong  to  the  Queen  58  qrs,  to  the  lords  spiritual  icii  q»  and  to  the  earl 
of  Ormond  40  qrs. 

The  said  lords  chieftains  &c  acknowledging  the  manifold  benefits  and  1. 
they  find  in  possessing  of  their  lands  and  goods,  since  the  peaceable  government  of  the 
said  lord  Deputie,  and  the  just  dealings  of  Sir  Richard  Binghame.  Km.  do  gran 
the  Queenes  most  excellent  Majesty  her  heires  and  successors  for  ever,  one  yearlie 

rent-chai 


335 

rent-chardge  of  tenn  shillings  good  and  lawful  current  money  of  England,  goinge  out 
of  everie  quarter,  which  in  the  whole  amounteth  yearly  to  the  some  of  £600  ster. 
and  for  lacke  of  money,  the  thresurer  or  generall  receiver  to  receive  kyne  to  the 
value  of  the  said  rent:  and  further,  they  doe  covenaunt  to  aunswere  and  beare  yearlie 
for  ever,  to  all  hostings,  roods  and  journies  within  the  said  province  of  Connaughtand 
Thomond,  40  good  liable  horsemen  and  200  footemen  well  armed,  and  furnished  with 
arms,  garrans  and  victuals;  and  15  good  liable  horsemen  and  50  footmen  to  all  gene- 
ral hostings  proclaymed  in  this  realme. 

The  sd  lo.  Deputie  for  and  in  the  behalfe  of  the  Queens  Majestie,  and  also  the 
aforesaid  lordes,  chieftaynes,  &c'  doe  covenant,  promise,  grant  and  agree,  that  the 
said  Sir  Richard  Bourke,  otherwise  called  Mac  William  Eughter,  in  respecte  of  the 
auncientie  of  his  name,  and  for  the  better  supportacon  and  mayntenaunce  of  the  de- 
gree of  knight-hood  whereunto  it  hath  pleased  the  Queens  mo.  excellent  Majestie  to 
call  him,  shall  have  by  letters  patten  ts,  to  him  his  heirs  and  assigns,  the  castells  or 
mannors  of  Ballyloughmaske,  Kinlaghe  and  Ballynrobae,  and  34  qrs  of  land  belonging 
to  same — alsoe  a  yearlie  rent-chardge  of  3s'  4a"  out  of  every  qr  of  66  townes  in  said 
barony  of  Kilmean,  of  the  freeholder's  lands,  viz.  the  Bourkes,  Jonynes,  Clanmoylers, 
and  Sleight  vick  Tybbott,  in  recompence  for  all  rents,  beoves,  spendings  and  cus- 
tomary exaccons,  who  all  shall  hold  of  him  by  knight's  service — alsoe  3s'  4d'  out  of 
every  qr  of  26  towns  in  the  barony  of  Kerrae,  viz.  the  lands  of  the  Bourkes  in  Toss- 
troyme,  Klyncowane  and  M°  Ivyles — also  3s'  4d'  out  of  every  qr  of  10  townes  in 
Burresowle,  viz.  the  lands  of  Sleught  Walter  bouy,  Sleight  Mc  Kaage  boy,  the  Clan- 
donyles  and  the  Bourkes — also  27s'  6d'  upon  6  qrs  of  Mc  Phillipine  and  his  kinsmens 
lands — also  15s'  ster.  divided  upon  3  qrs  of  sd  Mc  Phillipines  lands  in  Dromrany — also 
5s'  out  of  every  qr  of  160  qrs  of  freeholders  lands  in  the  barrony  of  Moyne,  viz.  the  Bar- 
retts, Bourkes,  Lynots,  Clanpaidyne,  Cusaks,  Carowes  and  Clandonylls—  also  the  castle 
of  Newtowne  in  the  barronie  of  Moyn,  and  10  qrs  about  the  same  free.  And  that  he 
and  his  heirs  shall  hold  the  same  of  the  Queene,  by  the  20"1  part  of  a  knights  fee,  as 
of  her  manor  or  bowse  of  Strade  in  the  said  county ;  and  one  fayre  chiefe  horse,  yearlye 
to  be  presented  in  her  Ma'JS  name  to  the  lord  Deputie,  with  these  words  engraven 
with  gold  "  unde  veni  redeo." 

That  the  archbishop  of  Tweame  shall  have  such  mansion  places  as  he  possesseth 
in  the  townes  of  Mayo,  Conge,  and  Aghagower,  with  12  qrs  in  the  barony  of  Kilmean 
and  Clanmores,  free. 

That  Thomas  earl  of  Ormond  and  Ossory,  said  to  be  seised  of  40  qrs  belonging  to 
the  manor  of  Boresowle,  shall  have  the  same  free. 

That 


336 

That  Ulicke  earl  of  Clanrickard  shall  have  the  castle  and  towne  of  Moyne  in  the 
barrony  of  Kilmeane,  and  6  q"  free,  whereof  2  qrs  lyeth  in  Ballymar?  • 

That  Owen  electe  byshop  of  Killalae  shall  have  the  towne  of  Killalae  in  the  bar- 
rony of  Moyne,  and  6  qr"  free. 

That  Edmond  Bourke  of  Castlebarr  shall  have  the  towne  and  castell  of  CasteUbarr 
in  the  barrony  of  Borreskarrae,  and  io  q"  free:  and  also  22  q™  Bubject  to  this  compo- 
sition, whereof  he  and  his  kinsmen  are  now  said  to  be  seized  in  the  said  ban 

That  William  Bourke  of  Srowle,  shall  have  the  towne  and  castle  of  Cloghan  in  the 
barony  of  Kilmean,  and  8  qrs  free:  and  also  other  18  q"  in  the  said  baron  v.  wi 
he  is  said  to  be  seized  as  of  his  inheritance,  subject  to  this  composition. 

That  William  Bourke  the  blind  abbott,  shall  have  the  castle  of  Ballynakear: 
the  barony  of  Burriscarra,  and  8  q™,  G 

That  Edmond  Bourke  ofEoppogh  Bhall  have  the  castle  and  towne  of  Bo] 
the  barony  of  Moyne,  and  4  q™,  1 1 

That  Davyd  Bourke  of  Castle-reoghe  in  the  baron;  oi 
of  Carragenoisse  and  6  <jr'  free;  and  the  moiety  of  Cm  nd  6  q"  subject  to 

this  composition,  lying  in  Castlereoghe,  Corane  and  Carrowgai 

That  Walter  kittaghe  Bourke  shall  have  the  castles  of  Beallycke  and  1 
in  the  barony  of  Moyne,  and  8  q"  free:  and  also  other  12  qn  subja  I  to  thil 
tion,  whereof  he  is  said  to  be  now  seized  as  of  his  inheritance. 

That  William  Bourke  of  Ardnery  shall  have  the  castle  and  towne  of  Ardnery  and 
4  qrs  free;  and  also  Castleleccane  &  4  q™  free;  and  othei  nvposition 

in  Ballycashell  and  Ballaghe-adallae,  in  the  said  barony. 

That  Edmund  Bourke  of  Congae,  who  is  said  to  be  seized  of  20  q"  a>  his  inheritance 
in  the  barony  of  Kihuaine,  shall  have  6  qri  adjoining  to  his  casl  airke  and 

Ballycurryne,  free. 

That  Rickard  oge  Bourke  of  Clovnagashell,  who  is  said  to  I  k   k  used  of  20 
inheritance,  in  the  barony  of  Kilmeane.  shall  have  8  qn  adjo]        _       is  said  b< 
Cloynagashell,  free. 

That  Mac  Morys,  otherwise  surnamed  Fitzgerrald  en-  Pre,       .  chiefe  lord  of 

the  said  barrony  of  Crossbohinc,  for  the  better  maintenance  of  his  living,  shall  have 
the  castle  or  manor  of  the  Barrye  and  4  q™  free;  and  4  q"  in  the  Tarinon  whereof  he 
is  said  to  be  now  seized  as  in  right  of  the  name  and  lordshippe  of  M  Moryshe,  free; 
and  also  the  castle  or  manor  of  Mornyne,  and  5  qri.  subject,  whei  -  -aid  to  be 

now  seized  as  of  his  owne  and  his  kinsmen's  inheritance:  and  also  a  rent-charge  of 
5s-  ster.  out  of  every  other  qr  in  that  barrony,  amounting  in  the  year  to  £35  15'. 

That 


337 

That  Edmond  Vaghery  otherwise  called  Jordan  De  Exeter,  chief  lord  of  the  bar- 
rony  of  Bellalaghen  otherwise  Gallen,  shall  have  the  castle  of  Bellalahane  and  8  qrs, 
whereof  he  is  now  seized  in  right  of  the  name  of  M°  Jordane,  free ;  together  with  other 
i  o  qrs  in  Tohe  Bellahaghe  and  Cowlekearine,  and  shall  have  5s  out  of  every  qr  of  1 1 8 
q",  in  full  recompence  of  all  rents,  dutyes,  &  exaccons. 

That  John  Brown  of  the  Neile  in  the  barony  of  Kilmeane,  who  is  said  to  be  seized 
of  [  ]  qrs  in  his  inhery tance  in  sundry  baronies  within  said  county,  shall  have  1 2 
qrs,  free. 

That  Nicholas  Fitzsymons  of  Downmacknynye  in  barrony  of  Clanmoryshe,  who  is 
said  to  be  nowe  seized  of  22  qrs  in  the  said  barony  as  his  inheritance,  shall  have  8  qrs 
adjoininge  to  his  said  castles  of  DoAvnmacknynye  and  Castellreoghe,  free,  whereof  2 
qrs  lyeth  in  the  town  or  village  of  Ballycullane. 

That  Peires  Barrett  of  Ballyasykeary,  shall  have  the  said  castle  and  towne  of 
Ballyasykeary  in  Moyne  barrony,  &  4  qrs,  free. 

That  Moyler  and  Tybbot  Eeoghe  Bourke,  sonnes  to  Walter  Foda  Bourke,  shall 
have  5  qrs  each,  to  be  joyned  to  such  of  their  castells  as  they  shall  make  choyce  of, 
free. 

That  Shane  Mc  Hubberte  of  Downenemony,  otherwise  called  the  Parsone  of 
Downemony,  with  respect  that  the  town  and  land  is  greatly  incumbered  in  holding 
of  the  Cessyons  there,  shall  have  4  q"  adjoining  thereto  in  the  barony  of  Burreskarra, 
free. 

That  Farragh  Me  Donill  of  the  Clonyne,  in  respect  of  his  good  service  done  on 
her  Ma,ics  side  at  the  meeting  of  Srowle,  shall  have  4  q"  adjoining  to  said  castle,  or  to 
anyother  of  his  houses  in  the  said  barrony  of  Burriskarra,  free. 

That  Kichard  Barrett  of  Kyherrenan,  in  consideracon  of  his  service  done  at  the 
said  meeting  of  Srowle,  shall  have  2  qrs  adjoininge,  in  the  said  barrony  of  Moyne, 
free. 

That  Thomas  Nollane  of  the  Crevaghe  in  the  barrony  of  Kilmeane,  in  respecte 
of  his  sufficiencie  to  serve  as  a  clerke  in  the  said  countrey,  shall  have  the  castle  of 
Crevaghe  and  3  qrs,  free. 

That  Moyler  Bourke  fitz-Thomas  of  Clowneduffe  in  the  barrony  of  Kerrowe,  shall 
have  2  qrs  in  said  towne,  free. 

That  Jordan  fltz- Thomas  of  Bellahaghe  in  the  barrony  of  Bellalahin,  shall  have 
4  qrs,  free. 

And  for  as  much  as  divers  of  the  meane  freehoulders  of  the  sayd  county  of  Mayoe, 
and  the  tenaunts  dwelling  upon  their  lands,  are  and  shall  be  greatlie  burdened  by 
this  composition,  if  the  petty  lords  and  the  Captaines  next  above  them,  be  allowed 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5.  2    X  to 


33« 

to  take  such  rents  and  customarye  dutyes  as  they  pretend  to  belong  to  the  sayd  petty 
captainshippes,  which  had  their  beginning  but  by  compulsary  means,  agreeable  to 
the  disorder  of  the  time:  for  remedy  whereof  it  is  condescended,  concluded  and 
agreed,  that  the  above  named  Mc  Evilie,  Mc  Paddyne,  Mc  Phillippyne,  O'Maile,  and  all 
others  of  that  sort  and  calling,  and  every  of  them,  shall  have,  hold,  possess  and  enjoy, 
to  them  their  heirs  and  assigns,  not  only  such  castles  and  lands  as  belongeth  to  the 
name  and  callinge  of  Mc  Evilie,  Mc  Paddyne,  Mc  Phillippyne  and  O'Mayle,  but  also 
such  castells  and  lands  as  they  or  any  of  them  be  now  justlye  seized  of  as  their  inheri- 
tance, the  same  to  descend  from  ech  of  them  to  their  heires  by  course  and  order  at 
the  laws  of  England ;  and  in  respect  of  confirming  unto  them  the  same,  that  after  the 
decease  of  everie  of  the  said  petty  lords  or  captaines,  nowe  livinge,  the  aforesaid  rents 
and  duties  shall,  from  thenceforth,  be  utterlie  determyned  and  extinguished  for  ever. 

Provyded,  also,  where  there  appeareth  certain  emulacon  or  envy  betwixt  the  above 
named  Mc  William  Eyghter  and  his  kinsmen,  whereof  there  are  some  competfv  I 
that  by  reason  of  their  byrth,  being  descended  of  Mc  Williams  of  greater  fame  and 
rejtutacon  than  the  said  Sir  Richard  Bourke,  thinke  themselves  more  worthy  of  the 
English  successyone  now  devysed  by  this  composicon;  and  others,  standinge  up^n 
their  expectancye  of  succeedinge  his  place,  wisheth  the  continuance  of  that  customary 
name,  that  it  shall  rest  in  the  consyderacon  of  the  lord  deputie  for  the  tyme  beinge, 
howe  and  in  what  sorte  the  above  named  castles,  manors,  lands,  rents  and  signorys, 
belonging  to  the  name  of  Mc  William,  shall  be  disposed  or  lymited  to  the  said  M'  Wil- 
liam and  his  said  kynsmen.  IN  WITNESSE  whereof  the  aforesaid  lords,  chieftaines 
and  others  have  hereunto  put  their  seales,  and  subscribed  ther  names  the  1 3'*  day  of 
September,  Anno  Domini  1585. 

Provyded  always  that  all  such  lands  as  John  Browne  aforesaid  hath,  of  his  proper 
inheritance,  within   the  barronies  of  Gallen  and  Clanmorysh,  being  30  q"  and   3 
carrows,  shall  be  discharged  from  all  rents,  sendees  and  demands  of  M  M  - 
Mc  Jordan,  other  than  a  yearly  rentchardge  of  I2d  out  of  every  quarter. 

"  W.  Tweam. — Owin  Electe,  Killala Richard  BorRKE. — Walter 

KlTTAGHE.  —  WmBOURKE.  —  MCE\ILLE. EDMONDBOCRKE  >P  OLIVER'S 

marke. — Peeter  Barrett  McPaddine — William  Bocrke  alias  the 
Blind  Abbott. — Mc  Jordan's  marke. — Walter  Leaghe  Mac 
Stephen.— Rickard    Oge    Bocrke. — Walter    Mac    Ercddery. — 

M°Morrtshe Davuj  McMorryshe. — William  Bocrke  of  Srowle. — 

Jordane      M°  Thomas Edmond     Barrett — One      O'Mayle  — 

O'Mayle. — Nicholas    Fitz-Simons. — Rickard    If  Gibbon. — Teig 

Roe  O'Mayle Richard  oge   Mc  Jonyne. — Shane  If  Gibbone. — 

Richard  Barrett William  Garvey  of  the  Leyhing." 

"  BeUahavrnet 


339 

"  Bellahawnes  Barony  e,  commonly  called  Mac  Costilo  his  Country. 

"  WHEARE  the  province  of  Connaughte  and  Thomonde,  through  the  continuall 
dissention  of  the  lords  and  chieftaines  within  the  same,  eche  whereof  challenging  to 
themselves  auctorities,  cuttings  and  cesings,  uncertain,  unlawful  and  unprofitable, 
under  pretence  of  defending  of  the  people  under  their  several  rules,  have  run  into  all 
errors  of  forgetting  of  their  duties  to  her  Majestie — and  contemning  the  ways  of  justice : 
We  the  lord  Deputie  directed  a  commission  to  Sir  R.  Bingham  &  others  dated  the 
15th  July  in  the  27th  year  of  her  Majesties  reign,  who  accordingly  executed  the  same. 
But  we  found  that  the  barony  of  Bellahawnesse  in  the  co.  of  Mayo,  commonly  called 
Mac  Costilo  his  country,  was  omytted,  for  that  the  commissioners  could  not,  as  they 
alleged,  conveniently  take  view  thereof,  through  the  hard  passage  and  travel  thither, 
by  means  of  the  great  bogges,  woodes,  mores  and  mountaines,  and  other  evill  waies  in 
and  to  the  said  baronie,  so  as  no  composition  was  taken  thereof.  Albeit  Sir  Theobald 
Dillon,  who  inhabiteth  the  said  lande  by  himselfe  and  his  tenants,  made  suite  unto  the 
said  commissioners  to  take  view  thereof,  to  thend  that  he  and  the  contre  there,  might 
compound  and  yeilde  a  yearly  compensation  unto  her  Majestie,  both  for  the  better 
reducinge  of  the  people  there  to  sevilitie,  and  that  they  might  yeilde  obedience,  and 
knowe  their  dutie  unto  her  Highnes,  which  before  were  vere  uncivell  and  barbarous, 
and  the  countrye  there  a  verie  resceptacle  of  Scotts,  and  a  harbour  of  other  lowse  and 
evill  people,  through  the  strenghth  and  fastnesse  thereof:  wherefore  he  humbly  desired, 
that  a  commission  might  be  graunted  for  the  viewing  and  estimating  the  said  baronie, 
which  commission  did  accordinglie  issue,  and  Sir  Thos  Lestrange  knt.  then  chief  com- 
missioner of  Connaught  and  Thomond,  and  others  commissioners  therin,  took  Inquisi- 
tion by  jury  of  said  barony,  which  founde  upon  their  oaths,  that  yt  contained  247  or 
252  porcons  or  small  qrs,  whereof  in  respecte  of  the  unfruitfulnes,  barranes  and  badness 
of  the  soile,  and  the  small  quantity  of  arable  land  within  the  same,  being  for  the 
most  parte  woods,  mores,  mountaines  and  unprofitable  bogge,  they  have  put  4  of 
the  said  qrs  to  one  ordenarie  qr  of  1 20  acres,  and  so  did  find  in  their  consciences  that 
the  said  barony  or  countrie  contained  no  more  than  63  q"  meete  to  be  charged,  as  by 
the  said  Inquisition  may  appeare. 

Upon  return  of  which  Inquisition  letters  were  addressed  unto  us  the  Lord  Deputie, 
from  the  said  Sir  Thomas  Lestrange,  concerninge  the  premises,  the  tenor  whereof 
ensueth — 

"  May  it  please  yb  honour 

"  We  have  been  aboute  and  over-viewed  Mac  Castilloe  his  countrie ;  and  now,  at 
the  gent's  requeste  fore  whose  cause  we  tooke  the  paines,  these  are  to  certefie  your 

2X2  Lordship, 


34-o 

Lordship,  how  we  have  found  it,  that  it  is  barren  amongst  the  most  barren ;  which 
thing  beinge  so,  and  yet  standing  in  so  discomodious  a  place,  yet  can  be  hardlie  brought 
aboute  to  be  peopled  with  civill  inhabitaunts,  excepte  a  respect  of  some  extraordinarie 
freedoms  or  Immunitye  drawe  them  thither.  In  this  cause  I  have  neither  auctaritie 
nor  discertion  from  your  honnor  to  deale,  and  therefore  do  whollie  refer  the  determi- 
nation thereof  to  your  Lordship's  consideration,  which  wyll  I  doubt  not  [ie]  both  wyse 
&  juste;  wyse  in  alluringe  the  inhabitaunts  to  a  place  which  by  want  thereof  might 
rayse  a  greate  discomoditie  to  her  Majestie's  subjects,  and  just  by  ymposing  no  greater 
rent  on  the  gent,  then  the  barrones  of  the  soyle  will  beare ;  whereof  I  desire  your  lord- 
ship most  earnestlie,  a  gentle  and  favrable  consideration,  in  respect  myne  eyes  are 
wytnes  how  lytle  it  is  worthe  in  regard  of  the  quantitie  of  grounde  that  it  contains. 
Thus  with  mjr  humble  commendations,  I  committ  your  lordship  to  the  Almightie, 
from  Athleage  the  iotb  of  Sept.  1587. 

"  Whereof  the  said  Theobald  Dillon,  in  behaulfe  of  himselfe  and  his  tenaunts,  and 
rest  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  said  baronie,  made  humble  suite  that  the  said  Inquisition 
might  from  henceforth  stande  and  conteynied.  Whereupon  entering  into  the  consi- 
deration of  the  same,  and  that  the  said  Theobalde  Dillon  inhabiteth  the  said  barronie, 
and  hath  by  his  industrie  brought  the  people  there  to  obedience  and  subjection :  We 
have  therefore  concluded  and  agreed  that  the  said  countrie  shall  only  be  charged  after 
the  rate  of  fower  skore  and  three  quarters,  at  10s  sterling  the  quarter,  and  so  to  con- 
tinew  until  her  Majesty's  pleasure  therin  be  known.  Given  under  Her  Ma 
privie  seale,  the  Is'  Dec.  1587. 

•'  J.  Pekrot." 

VIII. 
"  Sligo. 
"  THIS  INDENTURE  made  betwixt  the  Eight  Honorable  Sir  John  Perron 
knight,  Lord  Deputy  Generall  of  Ireland  for  and  on  the  behaulfe  of  the  Queene'e  most 
excellent  Maty  of  the  one  party  e,  and  the  rev'1  fathers  in  God  John  Bishop  of  Elphine — 
Owyn  bishop  of  Aconry — Owine  electe  bishop  of  Killalae — Sir  Donyll  O'Connor  of 
Sligo,  knight — Pheolyme  O'Harte  of  Ardtarmon  otherwise  called  O'Hart.  chief  of  hie 
name — Owine  O'Connor  of  the  Grawndge,  gen. — Edmond  O'Dowey  (0  Dotrda)  of 
Killglasse,  otherwise  called  O'Dowey  chief  of  his  name — Hubbert  Albenaghe  of  Rathly. 
gen. — Breene  McSwyne  of  Ardneglas,  gen. — Davy  Dowdy  o\  Castle-Connor,  gt-n. — 
Cormocke  O'Harry  (0  Hara)  of  Cowlany  otherwise  called  O'Harey  buy.  chief  of  his 
name — Ferrall  O'Harry  of  Ballinefennock  otherwise  called  O'Harry  reogh,  chief  of  his 

name — Breene  O'Harry  of  Tulwy,  gen Owene  O'Harey  of  Cowlany.  gen. — Ferrdor- 

raghe  Mc  Donoghe  of  Cowleae,  otherwise  called  Mc  Donoughe  Tyrreryll,  chief  of  his 

name — 


34* 


name — Mellaghlyne  Mc  Donogh  of  Ballyndowne,  gen. — Melaghlyne  M°  Donogh  of 
Cowlwonye,  gen. — Morryshe  M°  Donoghe  of  Clonemahyne,  gen. — Cene  M°  Hughe  of 

Bryckleawe,  gen. — John   Croftone  of  Ballyrnote,   gen George  Goodman  of  Tagh- 

tample,  gen. — Manus  Reoghe  of  Rathmollyne,  gen. — Manus  Mc  Teig  bwy  of  Lyscon- 
nowe,  gen. — Alexander  Mac  Swyne  of  Loughtnevynaghe,  gen. — Urryell  Garry  of 
Moye,  otherwise  called  O'Garry,  chiefe  of  his  name — Rory  O'Garry  of  Kearowercoghe, 
gen. — &  Manus  Mc  Bryene  Reoghe  of  Levally,  gen. — of  the  other  partie. 

"  WYTNESSETH  that  wheare  the  whole  Country  or  terrytory  of  Slego  ys 
divided  into  5  principall  barronies,  that  is  to  wytte,  the  barronies  of  Carbry,  Tire- 
eragh,  Maghery-layny,  Tire-erryell,  Corryn,  and  the  half  barrony  of  Cowlovyne,  which 
contain  as  well  by  auncient  devysion  as  by  late  Inquistion,  909  qrs  of  land,  each  1 20 
acres.* — FIRST,  in  the  barronie  of  Carbry,  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  Cowrine 

Sleight 


a  The  "  Boundaries  of  Slygo"  have  been  found  as 
follows : 

An  Inquisition  taken  at  Slygo  the  25th  July, 
1607,  before  Sir  Anthony  St.  Leger  Knight,  mas- 
ter of  the  rolls,  &c.  the  Jury  find  '  That  the  said 
county  of  Slygo  is  in  length  from  the  leape  of  Gow- 
regallen  in  the  sowthe  parte  of  Assaroe,  where  the 
ryver  of  Thanry  doeth  enter  into  the  sea  on  the  north 
syde,  conteynuing  in  length  forty  myles,  and  in 
breadth  from  Beallafernan  joyninge  with  Brena 
O  Roirke  on  the  easte,  to  the  Belahye  meareinge 
with  the  county  of  Mayo  on  the  west,  and  conteyn- 
inge  in  breadthe  other  fortye  myles.  Item  the 
boundes  of  the  saide  county  eastwarde,  begyneth  at 
Mully  I  node  at  the  Corlewes,  and  soe  in  compasse 
to  the  leape  of  Gowregollen,  and  forwarde  towards 
the  sowthe  to  Belahedirge,  and  to  Belagarry  at 
Bealaghe,  and  to  Shroan,  Killassirre,  and  forwarde 
to  Bealanany,  and  to  the  river  of  the  Moye,  and  to 
Trayohill  on  the  west  border  of  the  barony  of  Tyre- 
raghe,  whereof  the  seven  towns  of  Cowlekeearny  is 
forceably  healde  from  the  said  barony,  since  the 
making  of  the  composition  by  the  county  of  Mayo  : 
and  that  wee  finde  by  office,  and  by  a  decree  given 
by  Sir  Richard  Bingham,  and  the  prooffes  of  dy  vers 
other  suffitient  men,  that  the  said  seaven  towns  hath 
beane  in  antient  tyme,  and  ought  to  be  parcell  of  the 
saide  county  of  Slygo :  and  from  the  said  Trayhohill, 


the  sea  on  the  northe  side  doethe  bounde  the  said 
comity  of  Slygo  to  Assaroy  aforesaid  ;  and  from 
thence  to  the  castle  of  Camlyn,  and  to  Callkinvoher 
betwixt  Farmanaghe  and  Carbery  on  the  easte  parte, 
and  soetoSroan  Carry  wonny  betwixte  the  barony  of 
Carbery  and  the  Breany,  and  forward  to  Garromore 
glandallen,  and  Cnockevockedy,  and  Farren  nefe- 
nyha,  and  soe  forwarde  to  Shrohe  ne  Coillemore  on 
the  sowthe  part  of  Loghgill,  betwixt  the  barony  of 
Tyre-Irrill  and  the  said  Breny,  and  to  Keane  ne 
Rahabane,  and  to  Keanne  ne-hargyny,  and  soe  to  the 
easte  end  of  Shroe  Kedycoman,  and  to  Altconra 
throug  Bradlewe,  and  to  Belafernan,  and  to  Ebber- 
ne-howngyre,  and  to  Bomnonyn-Aghwoghell,  en- 
tringe  in  the  easte  end  of  Logharowghe,  and  soe  to 
Shuanbuy,  and  to  the  said  Molly  I  node,  where  firste 
wee  began  at  Corrlewe.  There  is  twentie  quarters 
betwixte  Bondroyes  and  Assaroe,  which  by  dyvers 
good  proffes  beside,  some  of  the  Jury  have  fownde  to 
be  parcell  of  the  saide  county  of  Sligo,  yett  it  is 
in  the  possession  of  O'Donnell.  There  is  twenty 
quarters  of  the  barony  of  Tyre-Irrell  in  the  posses- 
sion of  the  countie  of  Leytrym,  since  the  making  of 
the  Composition,  which  they  finde  by  office,  warrant, 
and  other  good  prooffes,  to  be  of  right  parcell  of  the 
saide  county  of  Slygo. 

That  the  said  county  doth  consist  of  five  baronies 
and  a  halfe,  viz.  the  baronies  of  Tire-Irrill,  Corren, 


342 

Sleight  Owyne  O'Connor,  consisting  of  28 \  qrs — Cowrine  Sleight  Moryertaghe  back- 
aghe  O'Connor  of  Downaly,  27^  q™ — Cowrine  Moygleny  now  in  the  possession  of 
O'Donyll,  20  q™ — whereof  belong  to  the  Queen  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Assharroy,  4 
q™ — Cowrine  Sleight  Briene  O'Connor  of  Knocknerty,  26^  q™  and  j-  parts — Cowrine 
Sleight  Tirrellagh  Carraghe  O'Connor  of  Askelly,  30  q" — whereof  belong  to  her  Mat! 
in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Sligo,  ^  qr — Carowe-Rohablern,  1  qr — BaUyl^eolane,  1^  q' — 
Bally  Connor,  2  qrs — Ballekilegane,  1^  qr — Bradkyllyne,  ^  qr — Bally  Mc  Inyrrleyne, 
i£  qr — Rossyveolane,  1^  qr — Killaspickbrony,  1  qr,  said  9^  q"  belonging  to  the  Bishop- 
rick  of  Elphin — the  Benan,  4  qrs,  belonging  to  her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  abby  of 
Agrosse — Carrowe-Iheffenan,  1  qr — Carrowe  Mc  Idewan,  1  q' — and  1  qr  belong*  to  her 
Majesty  in  right  of  the  abbay  of  Kilcrenaude — which   in  the  whole  of  that  barony 

cometh  to  150  qrs In  the  barronie  of  Tyreragh  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called 

Cowryne  Sleight  Cosney  of  Ardglasse,  32  q" — Cowrine  Sleight  Rorye  O'Dowde  of  Dow- 
neall,  42  q™ — Cowrine  Sleight  Teige  O'Dowde  of  Isker-Owen,  40  q" — Cowryne  Sleight 
Donogh  O'Dowde  of  Castleconnor,  40  q™ — alsoe  belonging  to  her  Majesty  in  bkarmore 
as  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Ardnaree,  1  qr — alsoe  adjoininge  to  the  said  abbeye,  ^  qr — 
Killanly  \  qr,  belonging  to  the  bishoprick  of  Killalae — Kilglasse,  1  q'  belonginge  to 
same — Altyferrenan,  1  qr  belonging  to  her  Mat5  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Boyle — 
Grandgemore,  3  qrs  also  belonging  to  her  Mat5  in  right  of  said  abbey — Grandgeboegg, 
4  q™  also  belonginge  to  her  Mat5  in  right  of  same — Skryne,  4  q™  belonging  to  the 
bishopricke  of  Killalae — Dromarde,  ^  qr  belong*  to  same — Carrow  I  harry  1  qr  h 
as  is  said,  to  same — The  Barigge,  ^  qr  belong*,  as  is  said,  to  same,  which  in  the  whole 
within  that  barony  cometh  to  170^  q" — In  the  barrony  of  Magheryiayny  there  is  a 
quantity  of  land  called  Eaden-Sleane,  3  q™ — Leytryme,  4  q" — Lyssenehy,  1  qr — Car- 
rowmore,  1  qr — Carrownelicke,  1  qr — Sleight  M'  Manus,  6^" — Tht-  Loughane,  1  qr — 
Carowene  crive,  1  qr — Dromcon,  1  qr — Knocktotan,  1  qr — Conggall,  2  q" — 


Leyna,  Carbery,  Tyreraghe,  and  the  halfe  barony  of 
Cowlovine. 

Tho  barony  of  Leyna  consisteth  of  205  J  q"  ;  inha 
bite.d  35£,  whereof  free  22£,  waste  105. 

The  barony  of  Carbery  consist ethe  of  150  qre; 
inhabited  45,  free  32i,  waste  105. 

The  barony  of  Corran  consisteth  of  158  qre;  inha- 
bited 42  q1^,  whereof  free  34  qre,  waste  116  qre. 

Tlie  barony  of  Tyreraghe  consisteth  of  170  q™; 
inhabited  36  qrs,  whereof  free  12  qrs,  waste  134  q™. 

The  barony  of  Tyre-Irrill  doeth  consiste  of  205 


q",  inhabited  41  q^,  whereof  free  18  q",  was:. 

q» 

The  halfe  barony  of  Cowlovyn  doeth  consiste  of 

20  q^;  inhabited  7  q™,  whereof  free  Sq".  wmt 

qr* — soe  they  finde  the  whole  county  to  conteyne  the 

number  of  90£i  q".  inhabited  in  all  267,  whereof 

free  in  all  142  q".  waste  in  all  712  q". 

Note. — The  205$  in  Loyna  should  be  but  1 4 
Also  an  error  in  the  total — viz.  .     -  7  inh. 

712  waste,  979 Orig.  Inquis.  Mull*  Offict. 


343 

of  Clare,  3  qrs — Ballynecary,  4  qrs — Kilteyleyny,  4  qrs — the  town  of  Cawlanii,  4  qrs — 
Rabarryne,  1  qr — The  Leauie,  Shancoghe  and  Carowe  ne  Ganvy  3  qrs — Remore,  3 
qrs — and  various  other  lands — also  Cawrine  Inaspicke  of  Ballyary,  1 8  qrs — Cowryne 
Sleight  Shane  oge,  34  qrs — Cowryne  Sleight  Arte  Mc  Rory  of  Bally klare,  9  qrs — Sleight 
alty  Roe  of  the  Claddaghe,  7  qrs — Dowgher,  7  qrs — Moynecrannaghe,  2  q™ — Carrow 
Mc  Ellaroe,  1  qr — clonyne  Iarry,  ^  qr — in  the  whole  barony  205  q". — In  the  barony  of 
Tyrrcryell,  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  Cowryne  Sleight  Cormyck  of  Cowlwony, 
26  qrs — Cowryne  Sleight  Tomultaghe  McBryene  of  Clonmahine,  10  qrs,  whereof 
belongeth  to  her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Boyle,  3  qrs — Cowryne  Sleight 
Donyle  came  of  Tollemoylle,  and  Cashell  Loghe  Dreggan,  22  qrs — also  the  five  townes 
and  a  half  called  Clanarvy,  22  qrs — Cowrine  Sleight  Rory  Mc  Donoghe  of  Cowlea,  17 
qrs — Cowrine  Sleight  Teig  Mc  Briene  of  Ballyndowne,  29  qrs — also  Cowrine  Sleight 
Cormock  Ballagh,  1 1  q",  whereof  1  qr  belongeth  to  the  Queene  in  right  of  the  abbey 
of  Inchy vickerinne — also  Cowrine  Sleight  Hughe  Me  Mulronye  of  Brickleave,  14  qrs, 
whereof  3  qrs  belongeth  to  her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Boyle — also  Barr- 
corryne,  12  qrs  also  belongeth  to  her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Inchy  vickerinne, 
3§  9l° — Killrashe,  2  qrs —  belongeth  to  her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Lough- 
kee — also  Dromdowan,  4  qrs,  belong15  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Elphine — also  Dromcollyn, 
1  qr,  belong8  to  same — Taunaghe,  2  qrs,  belong8  to  same — Kill  mc  callane,  4  qrs,  belong5 
to  same — Rosse,  2  qrs,  belong8  to  same — Killmoydownyed,  £  qr,  and  Shancoghe  \  q', 
belong8  to  Her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  Trinity  abbey  aforesaid — Kilvicken-Iram,  4 
qrs  belong8  to  Her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  said  abbey — Ballyagheshennaghe,  4  qrs 
belong8  as  is  said  to  the  Archbishoprick  of  Tweame,  which  in  the  whole  of  that  bar- 
rony  cometh  to  205  qrs. — In  the  barrony  of  Corrine,  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called 
Cowrine  Sleight  Dermott  Mc  Donoghe,  1 9  q™ — Banyneddane,  1 3  qrs,  belong8  to  Sleight 
Dermod  Mc  Donoghi  aforesaid — Cowrine  Sleight  Cahall  Mc  Donoghe  of  Ballyncloghe, 
10  qrs — Cawrine  Sleight  Teige  Mc  Donoghe  of  Raamollyne,  32  qrs — also  Ballynedowie 
6  qrs,  belong8  to  said  Teige  Me  Donoghe — Cowrine  Sleight  Brian  Keaghe  of  Bally- 
onaghan,  4  qrs — Cowrine  Sleight  Morissh  Mc  Donoghe  of  Rossrife,  16  qrs — Cowrine 
Clayne  Kowanehy,  in  Ballyedderawen,  4  qrs — Cawryne  Sleight  Tourult  Mc  Donoghe 
of  Ballymote,  22^  qrs,  belonging  to  her  Majesty  as  in  right  of  the  Castell  of  Bally- 
mote — also  Portynch,  3  qrs — Bally neleasse,  2  qrs — Imlaughe  Naghton,  1  qr,  all  which 
6  qrs  belong  to  her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Boyle — the  Grandg,  4  qrs,  belong8 
to  Her  Maty  in  the  same  right — Cowlenemannagh,  1  qr,  belong8  to  Her  Maty  in  the  same 
right — Dromratty,  5  qrs,  belong8  to  the  bishoprick  of  Achonry — Imlaghfaddae,  2  qrs — 
Kylvoryne,  qr — Clonoghyll,  2  qrs — Killosalwy,  1  qr — Kiltoran,  1  qr — Tampall-Man- 
nagh,  2  qrs — all  which  belong  to  the  said  Bishoprick  of  Achonry. — Also  there  is 

belong8 


344 

belong8  to  Her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Ballymote,  i^  qr — also  Clonyvybane, 
i  qr,  belonging  to  Her  Ma,y  in  the  same  right ;  which  in  the  whole  of  that  Barrony 
cometh  to  158  q". — Alsoe  the  halfe  Barony  of  Cawlovyn  consisting  of  20  q™,  all  which 
being  drawn  into  one  totall  cometh  to  the  aforesaid  nomber  of  909  q". 

"  The  said  lords,  chiefl'taynes,  &Ci  acknowledging  the  manifold  benefits  &  easements 
they  finde,  do  graunt  to  the  Queen's  most  excellent  Majestie  her  heirs  and  succes- 
sors for  ever  one  yearly  rent-charge  of  term  shillings  ster.  out  of  everie  quarter  of  land 
aforesaid;  and  covenaunt  to  answere  and  bear  yearlie  for  ever  20  good  hable  ho: 
&  60  footemen  well  armed,  to  all  hostings  roods  and  journies  within  the  sa  province  of 
Connaght  and  Thomond;  &  10  good  hable  horsemen  and  30  footemen  well  armed,  to 
all  generall  hostings  proclaymed  in  this  realme. 

"  That  the  said  Sir  Donill  O'Conor*,  in  respecte  of  his  loyaltie  &  faithfulnesse  to 
the  Queene,  shall  have  by  letters  patents  to  him  his  heirs  and  assigns  the  castells  or 
manors  of  Slego  in  the  barony  of  Carbry,  and  Meynlaghe  in  the  barony  of  Ma. 
lenye,  and  all  the  lands,  appertayninge  as  well  to  the  name  and  calli;._  Conor 

Sligoe,  as  also  which  belong  or  appertayneth  to  Sleight  Owine  O'Conor,  from  whom  the 
said  Sir  Doniell  is  said  to  be  descended,  or  by  his  owne  purchase  or  otherwise,  &*" 
which  are  accounted  to  be  32  qrs,  freed ;  and  shall  also  have  a  yearly  rentcharge  of  1 3: 4" 
going  out  of  every  qr  of  the  residue  of  the  said  q",  being  80  q"  of  the  land  of  Sleight 
Muryertaghe,  Sleight  Briene,  and  Sleight  Tirlaghe  O'Connor,  and  those  of  Cawrine 
Moygany,  in  full  recompence,  &c-  and  tbat  he  and  the  heirs  of  ln-  father  shall  bold  the 
aforesaid  Castles,  &c-  by  the  service  of  2  knight's  fees,  as  of  ber  Majesties  castle  of 
Ballymote,  and  he  is  to  give  one  fayre  chief  horse  yearly,  to  the  Lord  Deputy,  with 


»  Sir  Henry  Sydney  describes  his  proceedings  with 
O'Conor  and  O'Donnell  as  follows: — "  loth  June, 
1576 I  founde  Odonnell  verie  humble  and  tract- 
able. And  whereas  he,  and  his  Auncestors,  have  had 
a  rent  of  iii.  c  Markes  Yerelye  out  of  Occhonnor  Sli- 
gaglis  Countrie,  fabulouslye  chalenged  to  have  bene 
paied,  ever  since  St.  Patrick's  Daves,  but  probablye 
averred  on  both  sides,  if  half  bene  taken  for  theise 
fower  or  fyve  Discents  by  the  Odonnells  (but  never 
without  Vyolence  alleagedOcAonnor)and  so  Ithinke 
Odonnell  agreed,  in  the  Ende,  to  stay  Exactinge  of 
it,  until]  I  had  sente  Commissioners  to  examyne  his 
Clayme,  and  the  others  Deniall ;  and  upon  their  Cer- 
tificate I  to  take  Order  and  this  to  be  done  in  August 


next ;  which  Order  will  I  hope  fall  out  to  be  seche. 
as  the  Quenes  Majestie  shall  be  entituled  to  the  Bent 
and  Service  from  tlu-im  bothe.  Occhonnor  com- 
pounded in  Englande  to  geve  an  hundered  Markes 
Yerelye,  to  be  dischardged  of  Odonnell,  and  so  hath 
liis  Countrey  _-r.ninted  hvm.  under  the  Great  Stale 
of  England;  but.  if  I  can  derive  di^hards?  hym 
from  Odonnell.  he  shall  pay  better.  He  desien-d  me 
to  constitute  a  Sheriff  in  his  Countrie  wishinge  rather 
a  Forriner,  then  any  of  the  Soyles  Brede.  which  I 
graunted,  and  sent  one  with  Commission.  I  have 
great  Confidence  that  this  Ochonnor,  who  is  the 
same  that  1  brought  into  England,  will  prove  ..  e 
Subiecte." — Letter*,  xc,  voL  Lp.  114 


345 

these  words  graven  in  gold,  quo  vici  vincor:  and  he  shall  also  have  8B  out  of  every  qr  of 
154  quarters  in  the  barony  of  Tirreraghe  ;  10s  out  of  every  qr  of  20  q™  in  the  barony 
of  Cowlovine;  6s  io'1  out  of  every  qr  of  156  qrs  in  the  barony  of  Magheryleynye ;  6s  6d 
out  of  every  qr  of  1 66  qr8  in  the  barony  of  Tirreryelle  ;  and  9s  3d  out  of  every  qr  of 
1 1  o  qrs  in  the  barony  of  Corren. 

"  That  the  lord  Bishop  of  Aghconry  shall  have  4  qrs  adjoining  his  house  or  town  of 
Skrine  in  the  barony  of  Tireraghe,  free ;  and  6  qrs  as  a  demesne  to  his  house  or  towne 
of  Achonry,  in  the  barony  of  Magheryleyny,  free. 

"  In  the  barrony  of  Corran,  that  Cormocke  O'Hary  bwy  shall  have  3  qrs  free, 
adjoining  his  castle  of  Co wlany: — that  Ferraghe  Carraghe  O'Hary  reoghe  shall  have 
3  qrs  free  as  a  demesne  to  his  castle  of  Ballinefenocke  otherwise  called  Ballyhary — and 
that  Hugh  Mc  Donoghe,  in  respecte  of  his  adge  and  removing  from  Ballimote,  shall 
have  4  qrs  free,  in  the  barony  of  Corrane. 

"  In  the  barrony  of  Tirrerel,  that  Ferdorroghe  Mc  Donoghe  of  Cowlea  shall  have 
3  qrs  adjoining  his  towne  of  Cowlea,  free. 

"  In  the  Barrony  of  Tirrereagh,  that  Edmond  O'Dowd  shall  have  3  qrs  as  a  demaine 
to  his  castle  of  Kylglasse,  free — and  that  his  cousin  and  heir  apparent,  Davy  of  Dowda, 
shall  have  2  qrs  free,  adjoining  his  house  of  Castle- Connor. 

"  That  Urrell  O'Gary  of  Moggary  shall  have  3  qrs  free,  adjoining  his  castle  of 
Moygarry  in  Cowlovine. 

"  That  Magaghline  M°  Donoghe  shall  have  2  qrs  free,  adjoining  his  castle  of  Cowl- 
wony  in  the  barony  of  Tirrarell. 

"  That  John  O'Creane  shall  have  3  qrs  free,  adjoining  his  house  or  towne  of  Bally- 
negare  in  the  barony  of  Carbry. 

"  And  for  as  much  as  the  meaner  sort  of  freeholders  of  the  said  county  of  Sligo,  and 
the  tenants  dwellinge  upon  their  lands,  are  and  shall  be  greatlie  burdened  by  this  com- 
position, if  the  petty  lords  and  captains  next  above  them  be  permitted  to  take  such 
rents  and  customarye  dutyes  as  they  pretend  to  belong  to  the  said  petty  captaine- 
shipps,  for  remedy  whereof,  it  is  condescended  and  agreed  that  the  above-named 
O'Harry  bwy,  O'Harry  reoghe,  Mc  Donoghe  of  Tirerell,  O'Gary,  O'Dowd,  and  all 
others  of  that  sort  and  calling,  shall  have  by  letters  patent,  not  only  such  castells  and 
lands  as  belongeth  to  the  name  and  callinge  of  O'Harry  buy,  0  Harry  reoghe, 
M°  Donoghe,  O'Gary,  &  O'Dowd,  but  also  all  such  castles  and  lands  as  they  or  any  of 
them  be  nowe  justlie  seized  of  as  their  inheritance,  the  same  to  descend  from  ech  of 
them  to  their  heirs,  by  course  and  order  of  the  lawes  of  England:  and  in  respect  of 
confirming  unto  them  the  same,  that  after  the  decease  of  everie  of  them  the  aforesaid 
rents  and  duties  shall  from  thenceforth  be  utterlie  determyned  and  extinguished  for 

IRISH    ARCH.    SOC.    1 5.  2Y 


346 


ever.     In  wittnesse  whereof  the  aforesaid  lords  chieftains  and  others  have  hereunto  put 
their  seales,  and  subscribed  their  names  this  23rd  day  of  Sept.  Anno  Domini  1585. 

"  Sir  Donell  O'Connor,  Slegoe. — Eugenics  Achaden.  Epa — Eugk.nius 
Electds  Aladen. — Owin O'Connor. — O'Dowde. — Beien M  Swine. — 
Hubert    Albanaghe.  —  Molaghline     Mac   Donoghe.  —  Coraocs 

O'Harrye. — Molaghlin  Mc  Donoghe,  junior. — D.   Doowda Fer- 

doraghe  Mc  Donoghe. — Ferrall  O'Haery. —  Morrishe  MDon  <ghe. 
— Manus  M'Teige  bwy. — Alexander M'  Swine. — Manus  Keoghe. — 
Urrill  O'Harry — Rory  oge — Manus  M  Briene."' 

IX. 
"  O'Royrk's  Country3-. 
"  THIS  INDENTURE  made  betwixte  the  Right  Honorable  Sir  John  Perron 
knight,  lord  Deputy  Generall  of  Ireland,  for  and  on  the  behaulfe  of  the  Que 

excelleut 


a  "  The  county  of  Leitrim  limitted  and  ap- 
pointed." A.  D.  1583. 

"  The  country  called  O'Rowrke's  country,  con- 
teyneth  the  Breny  O'Rowrke,  both  Moynter  Olys, 
Dartery,  Lorigain,  with  other  small  territories,  toge- 
ther with  Mc  Gwyre  his  lands  by  sowthe  the  Lough 
Erne,  joyned  together  and  made  and  appointed  to 
be  called  the  countie  of  Letrym,  being  limitted  and 
bounded  as  followeth,  viz EASTE,  with  the  coun- 
try called  Breny  O'Reighly  (now  the  comity  Cavan) 

as  the dereth  on  Mc  Gawran's  lands  (which 

are  included  within  this  countye)  and  the  ...  .  now 
the  county  of  Lougforde,  till  it  come  to  the  P.yver  of 
Shenan SOUTHE,  with  the   ryver  of  Sheanan, 


and  so  to  the  water  northwards  which  cometh  out  of 
the  great  Logh-Eme. — XORTHE.  with  th«r 
which  cometh  from  the  said  greath  Logh.  and  the 
Logh  Enie  itself,  into  the  land  of  Mc  Gawran,  and 
then  M'  Gawran's  lands  as  they  joyne  to  the  Breny 
1  CReighly. — The  county  is  devyded  into  vii  several 
hundrds  or  UarunyB,  wherein  these  territories  (• 
ing  are  conteyned.  liaving  witliin  them  the  number 
of  quarters  of  land  under  mentioned,  everie  q' 
teyning  120  acres  of  land,  viz. — 1.  LETRYM.    The 
territorie  called  Moynter  0\  aliru 

Moyenishe,  conteyning  Sk-i  g  -1  GranneD, 

_M  Connor,  and  Sleuight  Cahill  McGrann*U, 
conteyning  15  H  q"  of  land.    Also  Anaghduf.  Kyl- 


which  divideth  the  same  from  O'Hanlye's tahurk.  Kyliobrid,  Fynagh,  and  Kylif.  wr<-  1 


Roe  and  O'Bryn's  countryes,  and  a  part  of  Moylorge, 
aud  so  passing  to  the  northern  edge  of  the  territorie 
called  Tyrehoyle  parcel!  of  Moylorge  aforesaid,  to  the 
mountayne  called  Slewe  Corke,  extending  to  Logh- 

kyll WEST,  with  the  Logh  called  Logh  Kyll.  as 

it  crosseth  from  the  mountayne  aforesaid,  to  a  small 
water  or  spring  on  the  north  syde  called  Ffauran 
Mc  ffenoll,  and  so  directly  a  lytic  by  west  the  Newton 
up  to  the  mountayne  called  Slewmore ;  and  so  as  the 
same  Slewmore  runneth  betwixt  the  barony  of  Car- 
bry  in  the  county  of  Slygo  to  the  lands  of  Bundroyes, 


ing  27  q"  of  land,  making  in  the  whole  1 78A  q" 

2.  MOYLE.  The  territory  called  \. 
Bwtragh,  ulias  Clan  Melaghlyn,  which  conteyneth 
110  q". — 3.  DROMAHEB3E.  The  territory  called 
Carryn  Dromahyre,  cuuteyueUi  22  q™.  also  Carryn 
Cleyn-Logh,  21  qrs.  also  Mc  Kagan"s  lands  in  Clan- 
arwy  2 1  qrs,  also  Urlare  1 6  qn.  also  Ballyneglog 
the  lands  of  Sleuight  Owen  ORourk.  4  q".  the  land 
of  Sleuight  Donogfa  M«  G<  •irran,  12  qn.  and  the  land 
of  Sleuight  Cormack  Mc  Gawran  12  q"\  amounting 
together  to  135  q"  of  land — 4,  R<  'SSECLi  tGBEM 


347 


excellent  Majesty  of  the  one  partye,  and  John,  bishop  of  Kilmore — Lysaghe,  bishop 
of  Ardaghe — Sir  Briane  O'Royrke  of  Dromahire  knt. — Cahall  Mc  Connor  Carragh 
Magrannyll  of  Inishmurryne,  otherwise  called  Magrannell  of  Moynishe,  chiefe  of  his 
name — Tirlaghe  Mc  Molaghline  oge  Magrannylle  of  Dromarde,  otherwise  called  Ma- 
grannyle  of  Clonmologhlyne,  chief  of  his  name — Teige  oge  Maglanchie  of  Rossclogher, 
chief  of  his  name — Tyrelaghe  Magawryne  of  the  Largine,  chief  of  his  name — Owyne 
Mc  Phellime  O'Royrke  of  the  Garre,  gen. — Rory  Mc  Enawe  of  Inyshimylerye,  chiefe 
of  his  name — Melaghlyn  Mc  Owyne  Mc  Murrye  of  Loghmoyltagher,  gen. — Farrell 
Mc  Ternan  of  Cloyloghe,  gen. — Bryan  Mc  Loghlyne  of  the  Fayhee,  gen. — Phelyme 
Glasse  of  Cloncorycke,  gen. — Wonye  Mac  Sheane  O'Royrke  of  Loghnecouhye,  gen. — 
and  Tyernane  O'Royrke  of  Dromahyre,  gen.  of  the  other  parte. 

"  WYTNESSETH,  that  wheare  the  whole  territory  called  0*Royrk's  country, 
comprehending  Breny  O'Royrke,  both  the  Moynterolyes,  the  Largane,  Cowleovlyne, 
Kinaloghane  and  the  Dartry,  which  contain  in  themselves,  as  well  by  auncient  devysyon 
as  by  late  Inquisicion,  the  number  of  801  q",  every  q*  120  acresb.     FIRSTE  in  Breny 

I 


The  territory  called  Carryn  Ewill-Wylegh  con- 
teyneth  18  qrs,  also  Ballagh  I  mean  8  qrs,  Eosse 
Iaver  8  q»,  Clonlogher  2  qrs,  Kyllargy  4  qrs,  Kyl- 
len  Umery  2  qrs,  Drom  Leyse  4  qrs,  Moynter 
Kenny  alias  Mc  Kemiy's  lands  14  qr8,  and  Mc  Ker- 
non's  lands  4  qrs,  making  together  60  qrs. — 5. 
CAERE.  The  territory  called  Moyelys  18  qrs,  the 
territory  called  the  Carre  30  qrs,  and  the  territory 
called  the  Dartery  20  qrs,  amounting  in  all  to  68 
q"  — 6.  CO  WLO  VLYN.  The  territory  called  Kyn- 
nacloghan  conteyneth  Sleuight  Teg  ne  Geyrr, 
Sleuight  Hugh  Mc  Arte,  and  Sleuight  Keogh,  Bally- 
necuny,  Dromervella,  and  Oughter  Aghwe,  con- 
teyneth  37  qrs,  also  Cowlovelyn  contayning  28  qrs, 
and  Tullageaghe  44  qrs,  -which  doth  amount  toge- 
ther to  109  qrs 7.  LYSSEGOWLE.  The  terri- 
tory called  Toe  Rahe  30  qrs,  Moynter  Ffeodegan's 
land  30  qrs,  Clonowly  30  qrs,  Clanredmond  15  q", 
Knock-nyn  15  qrs,  and  Maghery-boy  15  qrs,  which 
make  in  all  135  qrs. 

"  We  whose  names  are  hereunto  subscribed,  hav- 
ing viewed  and  surveyed  the  territories  and  lands 
above  mentioned,  by  virtue  of  the  Queen's  Majesties 


letters  patents  to  us  or  any  three  of  us  addressed, 
bearing  date  the  8th  July  in  the  37th  year  of  her 
reign,  have  limitted  and  appointed  the  said  territo- 
ries to  be  one  shyre  or  county,  and  to  be  nominated 
the  comity  of  Letrym ;  and  have  divided  the  same 
into  7  severall  barronyes  or  hundreds  as  above  is  sett 
foorth,  which  our  doying  we  doe  certify  unto  your 
Lordship,  according  to  the  purport  of  the  said  com- 
mission to  be  returned  of  record.  In  Witness  whereof 
we  have  hereunto  put  our  seals,  and  subscribed  our 
names,  the  25th  of  September,  1583." — Orig.  Return 
in  Rolls  Off. 

b  The  "  Boundaries  of  Leitrim"  have  been  found 
as  follows : 

"  An  Inquisition  taken  at  Dromahare,  the  22nd  of 
Jul}',  1607,  before  Sir  Anthony  St.   Leger  Master 

of  the  Bolls,  &c The  jury  find  '  That  the  county  of 

Leytrim  extended  in  breadth  from  Douffcoulofflyn, 
mearynge  upon  Tayllagh-Donoghoy  in  the  county 
of  Cavan,  unto  Bundoyse  butting  upon  the  barrony 
of  Carbry  in  the  county  of  Sligo,  are  37  miles, 
whereof  the  sixte  parte  is  scarse  arrable  lande,  but  all 
mountayne,  bogg,  and  wood,  and  in  breadth  from 


Y  2 


348 


I  Royrke,   there  is  a  quantity   of  land  called  the  Dartry,    20  qrs— Karrhy,  30  q", 
whereof  1   qr  belongs   to   the   bishoprick   of  Killmore — Cowryne  Moylyshe,   J  8  q", 

belonging 


the  ryver  of  Shankryne  in  Mc  Gawran's  country,  to 
Carradroymroyske  at  the  Sheanan,  being  the  broad- 
est parte  of  the  county  are  ten  myles.  They  finde 
that  the  said  county  is  bounded  in  manner  and  forme 
followinge,  viz.  beginninge  at  the  ryver  of  Dowffe 
Cowlloffluyn,  yt  extendeth  forward  to  the  ford  or 
passage  of  the  Nybber,  from  thence  to  Ahanfadda, 
and  so  forwarde  to  Beallamowdyne  mearinge  upon 
the  county  of  Longforde,  from  thence  through  the 
bogge  of  Moyne-Cappoll  butting  forward  to  Skrairh- 
bunyunshine,  including  8  cartrons  of  the  county  of 
Longforde,  and  so  into  the  river  of  Sheanon,  and 
contynuinge  the  same  to  Beallakillesrenan,  and  for- 
ward to  Carradromroyske,  from  thence  to  Leyetrim, 
and  as  the  course  of  the  ryver  runneth  from  Logh- 
ayle  against  the  stream  into  that  Lough,  then  to 
Srowhane  nynled,  and  Lurgane  Caylly,  mearinge  to 
the  Dworyny,  from  thence  to  Cleynemockery  and 
Lognegyhe,  and  so  to  Kilsallogh,  and  then  holdinge 
the  meare  to  Skehyenaguna  adjoyninge  Cayshe-logh- 
dargane,  and  so  crosse  the  mounteyne  unto  Loghgill, 
and  going  oute  of  the  said  Logh  at  ...  .  harkillerod- 
dane  yt  extendeth  forward  to  Aylteclaydy,  including 
3  qrs  and  3  cartrons  of  the  county  of  Slygo,  called 
the  qr  of  Clogherbegg,  the  qr  of  Cloghermore,  Car- 
rowmaghery,  Coyaroish,  and  3  cartrons  of  Killefod- 
der ;  from  thence  to  the  meare  of  the  Mullin,  and  so 
to  Laighnehilline,  and  then  dyrectlie  to  Srownehowl- 
lagha,  then  buttinge  forwarde  to  the  streame  of 
Nrowhanesowne,  and  so  as  the  meare  extendeth 
betweene  Clownekyne  and  the  Clowaty,  and  from 
thence  to  Boynedoyne,  and  unto  the  ocean  sea,  and 
so  aboute  to  Bowndroite,  from  thence  agaynste  the 
streame  of  that  river  of  Droysse,  and  going  oute  of 
the  ryver  on  the  north  side  yt  includeth  a  qr  of  lande 
called  Carrowneboyhane,  and  into  the  river  of  Owyn 
nefaerand,  and  then  as  the  streame  runneth  into 
Lough  Melvin,  and  so  along  the  logh  to  Abbernelehe, 
and  then  includinge   all   the  islands,   yt  extendeth 


eastwarde  to  Bunowyn  Leiglehidd,  and  so  mearing 
forward  to  Srahareogh  near  the  river  of  K 
from  thence  to  Killtarsnye,   and  so  followinge  the 
streame  of  Killtarsnie.  which  boundeth  Killtvcownga 
and  Moyntertloddaghane.  from  thence  to  Beallamul- 
lanegeyre,  then  to  Beallenemialagh,  then  unto  Logh 
vackneane,  and  so  alonge  the  said  logh  between  the 
islands  of  Rosscorky  on  the  north,  and  h.. 
ragh  on  the  sowthe,  and  so  to  Beallacownga 
and  then  to  BeaUucowngabegg,  from  thence  it 
tendeth  to  Buncley  Aghaarly,  and  so  to  Laigebun- 
shanny,  then  forward  to  Carrycknecranmoy,  buttinge 
directly  to  Corrylvskey   and  Codaeky:   and  - 
Tonowsse,  then  to  the  Srowhanee,  and  mean;  _ 
Beallanelowree,   yt    reached]    to    Loghamuovnter- 
hollyh,  on  the  east  side  of  Slii-wnyerin  :  from  thence 
lowiccomyrke,     then    to     HayskeenagappulL 
boundinge  to  Beallanelaghmore  on  the  east*-,  mear- 
inge forwarde  to  Beallah  Radreynan.  and  forward  at 
....  haysker  Srahabowghane,    including    A   qr   of 
Mc  Gawran's    country    called    Leth    Carrowely8se- 
roughty :   then  yt  runnitli  to  Carroghbowlii.   from 
thence  to  Beallne  shancryne   and  so  aloi  _ 
of  Swawnenagh  and  to  Beallaneneane.   1 
dadowtl'e  Laygbyn,  and  then  to  LKjwffe  Cowll  I 
including  the    A   quarter  of  Sassagh.   wher. 
began. 

••  Item  they  tinde  that  the  said  county  is  divided 
into  5  principal]  barroj  :,.  saie — Lvttrim 

OIJ  q™, -whereof inhabitted 41,  free  12,1 
1.  Moyhill  69  qrs.  whereof  inhabitted  24  q™.  free  nihil, 
waste  45   q™ — 3.  Carryckallen  4U   q™    1  cartron. 
whereof  inhabitted  12  q™,  free  nihil,  waste  28  and  1 
cartron. — 4  Droruahearv  12oq"  3  cartrons,  whereof 

inhabited  1 8$  qR.  free  .  -  .'.4  q" 5.  Ross- 

clogher  39  qre.  whereof  inhabited  6i  q"  free  nihil. 
waste  32  A  :  the  whole  360}  q™.  That  Sir  Donnogh 
O'Connor  Slygo  doth  clayme  20  q"  of  Twobollin- 
bogher  to  be  parcel]  of  the  -    a 


349 

belonging  to  the  Newtowne — Also  Cowryne  Eylwaye,  18  qrs,  whereof  belong  to  the 
bishoprick  of  Killmore,  4  qrs — the  Bellaghe,  8  qrs  belong  to  the  said  bishoprick — Ross- 
ynver,  8  q"  belonging  to  the  same — Also  Clonlogher,  2  qrs,  Kilardgye,  4  qrs,  Killenur- 
nerye,  2    qrs,   Dromenleyssee,  4  qrs,  Ballynegleroaghe  and  Inyshe  Mc  Roe,    8   qrs  all 
belonging  to  the  bishoprick  of  Killmore — Cowryne  of  Dromahire,    22  qrs — Cowryne 
Cloynloghe,  2 1  qr" — Mc  Caggan's  land  in  Clanarwy,  2 1  qrs — Cowryne  Balyntogher  by 
west  the  said  Ballyntogher  22  qrs,  whereof  2  belong  to  the  bishop ricke  of  Ardaghe  in 
Killeyree  (which  22  qrs  are  already  chardged  in  the  composition  of  Slegoe,  and  there- 
fore hear  not  to  be  accompted). — Alsoethe  Orlare,  16  qrs — Cowryne  McKearnan,  4  q" — 
Cowryne  Sleight  Owyn  CTRoyrke,  3  qrs — Mc  Enawe's  land  called  Moynterkenny,  14 
qrs — Sleight  Donoghe  Mc  Gawrene,    12  qrs — Cowryne  Sleight  Cormack  Mc  Gawrene 
1 2  qrs — In  Moynterolyshe-eghtraghe,  otherwise  called  Clayne  Moylaghlyne,  there  is  a 
quantity  of  land  called  Coveryn  Claine  Melaghline  Me  Granell,  no  qrs,  whereof  belong- 
eth  to  her  Majestie  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Mohill,  6  qrs,  and  to  the  bishoprick  of 
Ardaghe,    20  qrs — alsoe  in  Moynterolyshe   oghteraghe,   otherwise  called  Moynyshe, 
there  is  a  quantitye  of  land  called  Coveryn  Sleighte-Eyre   Mc  Granill,  and  Sleight 
O'Muliney,  50J  qrs. — Alsoe  Sleight  Connor  Mc  Granyll  and  other  cepts  or  nasyons 
depending  on  them,  50^  qrs,  whereof  belongeth  to  the  Queen  in  right  of  the  abbey  of 
Boyle,    8   qrs — alsoe  Annaghduffe,    2  qrs — Kiltawhourke,    3   qrs — Killtubred,  4  q" — 
Ffyenaghe,  9  qrs — and  Killfover,  8  qrs,  all  belonginge  to  the  bishoprick  of  Ardagh — 
alsoe  in  Sleight  Teig  ne  Gier  O'Royrke,  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  Sleight 
Cahall  Ballaghe,   9  qrs — in  Sleight  Hugh  Mc  Arte  in  Kenell-lohan,    8   qrs — Sleight 
Keoghe,  2  q™ — Sleight  Shane,  ^  q* — Ballinecorry,  8  qrs — Droumorvella,  4  qrs,  belonging 
to  the  bishoprick  of  Killmore — also  Oaghter  Aghow,  5  qrs  belonging  to  the  same — 
in  Kenell-lohan,   8   qrs — also    Cowlevlvoyne,    Clane  Cahall  Ryoghe,  and  M'Kygan's 
lands,  28  qrs — also  Telaghe-Kaheghe,  parcell  of  the  county  of  Leytrime,  which  is  said 
to  belong  to  the  O'Reylye,  44  qrs — also  Toarahae  on  the  south  side  of  Lough  Earne  30 
qrs,  belonging  as  is  said  to  Maguyre — also  Tae  Moynter  Feodeghane  on  the  same  side 
of  the  lough,  consisting  of  30  qrs — also  Toe  Clan-Awley,  30  qrs — the  chief  Toce  of  Clan- 
Redmond, 
qrs  and  one  cartron  in  Carbry  to  be  likewise  parcell       have  been  likewise  beyond  man's  memory  reputed  as 
of  said  county  of  Slygo,  but  find  that  these  lands,  time       part  of  said  county  of  Lyetrim;   until  about  four 
beyond  the  memory  of  man,  are  in  the  possession  of      years  past,   and  that  the  O'Royrks,   from  tyme  to 
the  O'Royrks,  and  founde  and  presented  by  several       tyme,  have  had  and  received  yearly  achiefry  of  £12 
jurors  to  be  within  the  limits  and  bounds  of  the       or  12  cows  per  annum,  which  Mc  Gowran  himself 
county  of  Letrim.    That  44  qrs  of  Tyrlaghagh  called       with  this  rysinge  oute  at  all  tymes  did  willingly 
Magawran's  countiy,   and  not  included  within  the       paye,  until  about  fower  years  last  past,  as  aforesaid.-' 
circuit  of  this  county  as  herein  is  already  bownded,       — Orig.  Inquis.  Rolls  Off. 


35° 


Redmond,  1 5  qrs — the  half  Toce  of  Knock-Inye,  1 5  q™ — all  on  the  same  south  side  of 
the  lough-Earne,  and  belonginge,  as  is  said,  to  Maguyre — also  the  half  Tooe  of 
Magherbwy,  15  qrs,  belonging,  as  is  said,  to  the  same, — and  all  which  being  drawn  into 
one  totall,  cometh  to  the  aforesaid  nomber  of  801  q" — whereof  there  belong"-  to  the 
Queen,  14  qrs,  and  to  the  lords  spirituall,  89  q". 

"  The  said  lords  and  cheiftaynes,  acknowledging  the  manifold  benefits  and  1 
ments  they  finde,  do  graunt  to  the  Queenes  most  excellent  Majestye  her  heirs  and 
successors  for  ever,  one  yearlye  rent  charge  of  tenn  shillings  oute  of  everie  quai  I 
the  sd  lands;  and  covenant  to  aunswere  and  beare  yearlie  15  good  hable  horsmen, 
footemen  well  armed,  and  furnishede  with  armes,  garrans,  and  victuals  to  all  hosl 
roods,  and  journies  within  Connaught  and  Thomond;  and  8  good  hable  horsmen  and  40 
footemen  well  armed  and  furnished,  to  all  general!  hostings  proclaymed  in  this  realme. 

"  The  said  Lo.  Deputie  for  and  in  the  behalfe  of  the  Queen's  Ma j. -tie  doth  i 
nant  and  promise  that  the  sd  Sir  Brien  O'Rourke0,  in  respecte  of  his  submission  and 

pro;< 


c  Sir  Henry  Sydney,  in  A.D.  1574,  gave  the 
Lords  of  the  Council  the  following  account  of  his  pro- 
ceedings with  O'Rourke.  Sir  Brian,  the  above  con- 
tracting party,  was  executed  at  Tyburn  for  high 
treason  on  the  3rd  November,  1592,  for  which  see 
Stow's  Chronicle,  p.  762,  fol.  Lond.  1631: 

"  16th  June,  1576,  there  came  unto  me  thether, 
(Dvblin,)  shortly  after  Easter,  Owrycke,  O'Donnell, 
Con  Odonnell,  his  nephew  and  Enemye,  0  Chonnor 
Sligagh,  of  the  principall  of  the  Okellies;  and  all 
these  for  Matter  of  great  Consequence  to  be  ordered 
between  the  State  and  theim,  and  lykewise  betwixt 
one  an  other  of  theimselves.  And  first  of  Owrycke, 
I  found  hym  the  proudest  Man  that  ever  I  dealt  with 
in  Irelande,  and  usinge  him  thereafter  told  hym, 
that,  as  he  was  the  Quenes  Subjecte  and  ought  to 
hold  his  Lande  of  her,  so  he  should  behave  hymselfe 
in  Obedience  as  a  Subiecte,  and  for  his  Land  yeald 
both  Rent  and  Service,  or  els  I  wold  place  an  other 
in  the  same :  He  saied  he  wold  be  a  good  Subiecte, 
as  alwayes  his  Auncestors  had  bene,  and  spake  vary 
moch  Goode  of  theim  and  hymselfe,  and  wold  pay 
soch  Rent  and  Service  for  Ms  Countre  as  was  agreed 
upon  betwene  the  Governor  and  his  Father,  and 
alleadged,  that  he  had  a  Patent  at  his  Howse  for  his 


Lande ;   I  answered  hym  (as  in  dede  it  vie  true) 
that  I  was  ignoraunt  thereof,  but,  up<>!     - 
found  the  same  entred  in  tin 
that  ever  was  ma  I  the  xxxiiith  y.  1 

KJnge  Hetirie  the   Eight  ;    Sir  Anthony?   Stntlegrr 
beinge  then  Deputie  by  which  he  '  1  selfe 

to  pay  to  the  Kinge  xx/.  Irish  yerelye.  with  bit 
vice  of  some  Horsemen  and  Footemen.  as  by  the 
same  apearethe ;  of  which  nether  bu  r  he, 

ever  paied  any  Thinge,  and  tliat  he  confessed 
inge  to  compounde  Fi  <r  the  Arrerag  con- 

teyne  that  Bent  and  S.  rvice,  which  I  made  Light  of. 
and  lighter  of  the  former  Composition,  and  w. i 

■  ?f  yerelye. 
Besides  Service,   and  Finding  Warre,  he 

offered  sixeskore  Poondes  sterling* ;  all  which  I  re- 
fuzed,  lest,  he  being!  90  great  a  man,  as 
reputed  to  be,  an  overlyht  Compogkaon  with  hym 
might  be  a  President  of  greal  Hendraunce  to  the 
Quene.  and  compoundinge  witli  others  as  well  in 
Connaught  as  Vhttr.  Finally e  he  humblye  desiered 
that  there  might  Ih?  sent  mt  -.reate 

and  indifferent  Gommiss  jitrie, 

and  to   eertitie   trewlj  -:    and   Barrannes 

thereof,  and  thereupon  In  take  (_»rder,  and  not  be- 


35l 

profession  of  loyaltie  and  truth,  shall  have  and  take  by  letters  patents,  to  him  and  the 
heirs  males  of  his  father  Bryan  O'Rourke,  for  the  better  supportation  and  mainten- 
aunceof  his  present  state  of  knighthood,  as  also  of  any  further  degree  or  title  of  honor 
yt  shall  please  her  Majestie  to  call  him,  the  castells  or  manors  of  Dromahire,  Lewtrime 
and  the  Newtowne  in  the  said  O'Royrke's  country,  which  are  accounted  to  be  in  the 
whole  the  number  of  186  qrs,  whereof  60  qrs  to  be  a  free  demeane  to  the  said  castles  or 
manors;  and  he  shall  also  have  one  yearly  rent  charge  of  13s'  ^  out  of  every  qr  of  445 
qrs  of  freeholder's  lands,  viz.  the  lands  of  Maglanchy,  Owen  O'Royrke  of  Carr,  Tirre- 
lagh  Mac  Owen  of  Dearegyll,  Eory  M°  Enawe  of  Moynterkeny,  Magranyll  of  Moyinsh 
Magranull  of  Cammolaghane,  Phellyme  glasse  O'Royrke  of  Coulovloyne,  Owen 
Mc  Shane  O'Royrke  of  Kincoyll-loughane,  Mc  Murry,  Mc  Loghline,  Mc  Tiernane,  and 
M°  Kelly,  amountinge  to  £296  8s-  4a-  sterling.  And  that  they  and  every  of  them  shall 
hold  the  aforesaid  445  qrs  of  the  said  Sir  Brian,  and  the  heirs  males  of  the  body  of  his 
father,  by  knight's  service  and  the  rent  aforesaid,  viz.  by  the  40th  part  of  a  knight's 
fee,  as  of  his  said  castells  of  Dromahire  and  Lewtrime.  And  the  said  Sir  Brian  shall 
hold  the  said  castles,  manors,  and  lands  of  the  Queen  by  knight's  service,  viz.  by  three 
knight's  fees,  as  of  her  house  or  manor  of  Moychill  in  said  O'Royrke's  country ;  and 
one  fayre  chief  horse  yearly  to  be  presented  and  given,  in  her  Majesties  name,  ta  the 
Lord  Deputy  on  Mydsomer  day,  with  this  word  graven  in  gold  serviendo  guberno. 
And  for  as  muche  as  the  meaner  sorte  of  the  freeholders  of  the  said  countrye  are  and 
shall  be  greatlye  burdened  by  this  composition,  if  the  petty  lords  and  captains  next 
above  them  be  permitted  to  take  such  rents  and  customarye  dutyes  as  they  pretend  to 
belong  to  the  said  petty  captaineshipps,  for  remedy  whereof  it  is  condyscended  and 
agreed,  that  the  above  named  Maglanchie,  Magrannel  of  Moynishe,  McGranell  of  Clann- 
malaghline,  Mc  Murry,  Mc  Loghhline,  Mc  Tirnan,  Mc  Kelly,  and  all  others  of  that  sorte 
and  callinge,  shall  have  and  hold  to  them  their  heirs  and  assigns,  by  letters  patents, 
not  only  all  castles  and  lands  which  belongeth  to  the  names  and  calling  of  Maglanchie, 
Magrannel  of  Moynishe,  Me  Grannell  of  Clanmalaghline,  Mc  Murry,  Mc  Loghline, 
Mc  Tiernan,  M°  Kelly,  but  also  all  such  other  castles  and  lands  of  which  they  are  now 
justly  seized;  and  after  the  decease  of  every  of  them,  the  aforesaid  rents  and  duties 

belonging 

fore.  Hereupon  we  agreed,  and  that  to  be  donne  in  Cahelreive,  Obirne,  Mac  Ternan  and  Mac  Amur- 
August  next,  saveinge  that  he  requyred  to  have  cer-  roive.  But  I  would  not  graunte  theim  hym,  and 
teine  pettie  Lordes,  dwellinge  under  or  mere  hym  (of  yet  he  departed  satisfied,  and  since  hath  both  wryt- 
Duetie  his  Tributaries  sayeth  he,  vniustlye  oppressed  ten  and  sent  to  me,  verye  humblye,  that  I  shall  finde 
by  hym  say  they)  to  yeeld  hym  his  accustomed  ex-  hym  more  obedient  in  his  owne  Countrey,  then  I  did 
actions,  namelye,  the  twoe  Mac  Granells,  Omolin-  in  this  Cittie;  and  thus  moche  for  Owricke." Let- 
dye,    Mac  Glaugh,    Keneloghan,    Collofiuyn,    Mac  ters,  Sfc,  vol.  i.  p.  114. 


352 

belonging  to  the  names  of  their  petty  captainshipps,  shall  from  thenceforth  be  utterly 
determined  and  extinguished,  for  ever. — IN  WYTNESSE  whereof  the  aforesaid  lords 
&  chieftaines  have  hereunto  put  their  seales,  and  subscribed  their  names,  this  2  7^  day 
of  September,  Anno  Domini  1585. 

"  Bryen    O'Royrk — Mc  Murky Brien    Mc  Loghlyne Ferrall 

Mc  TlERNAN. 

"  Memorand,  that  albeit  there  are  135  q™  of  Mag-wire's  lands,  lying  on  the  south 
syd  of  Logherne,  and  44  q™  of  O'Riellie's  land  on  the  same  syd,  comprized  in  this 
booke ;  yet  they  be  not  heare  charged  with  any  composition,  but  drawn  in  to  be  made 
parcell  of  the  intended  county  of  Ley  trym." 


X. 

" Moylurge  alias  Mac  Dermotfs  Countrye,  O'Connor  Roe's  Countrye,  and  O'Connor 
Dune's  Countrye. — \_Roscojnmon"\.''1 
"  THIS  INDENTURE  made  betwixte  the  Right  Honorable  Sir  John  Per: 
Knt.  Lord  Deputie  generall  of  Ireland  for  and  on  behalfe  of  the  Queen's  mo-t  Excellent 
Majesty  of  the  one  parte,  and  the  Lords,  chieftains,  &c.  of  Moylurge  alia-  11 
countrye,   O'Connor  Roe's    countrye   and  O'Connor  Dunes  countrye.   viz.  William 
archbishoppe  of  Tweame — John  bishop  of  Elphine — Hugh  O'Konnor  of  Ballintobber 
otherwise  called   O'Konnor   Dune,   chiefe  of  his   name — Fergonanym    (/Hanley   of 
Knockensheigh,  chief  of  his  name — Sir  Thomas  le  Strange  knight  of  Alleage — Cuba 
O'Birne  of  the  Dyngon,  chief  of  his  name — Teige  Mc  Towmultaghe  of  Croghan,  gen. — 
Towmultagh   oge   of  Ballinkillen,  gen. — Towmultagh   M'  Hughe   of  Dromeharlagh, 
gen. — Oene  Ernney  of — Ferrall  Mac  Dermonde  Roe.  chief  of  his  name — Con- 
nor   oge  Mc  Dermod   of  the Taneste — Cahall  oge  M'  Mulmory  of  the  Eaden. 

gen, — Mulmory  Mc  Dermod,  gald,  chief  of  his  name — Duwaltagh  M  Toolie  O'Connor 
of  Bracklone,  gen.— Cahall  Mc  Toolie  of  CastlereaL'h.  gen. — Feagh  O'FtWne  <A  Sleav- 
lyne,  chief  of  his  name— Calloe  O'Floyn  of  the  Cladaghe,  gen. — Turrek;igh  K 
McSwiny  of  Cnocknetaghty,  gen.— Teig  O'Connor  Roe,  chief  of  his  name — I 
McTirrelagh  Roe  of  Clonj-birne,  gen.— Breene  O'FUanegan  of  Ballaoghter.  chief  of  his 

name— John  Crofton  of  Canvoe,  gen. — of  Balliugilly,  gen.— and  Edward  V 

of  Ballinderry,  gen.  of  the  other  parte. 

"  WITNESSETH  that  wheare  the  said  contries  and  territories  be  devided  into  thre 
barronies,  viz.  Boyle  otherwise  Moylurge,  Ballintobber,  and  Roscommon:  which  con- 
tain, as  well  by  auncient  devysion  as  by  late  Inquisition,  905  quarters  of  land,  each 
containing  1 20  acres. — FIRSTE,  in  the  barronie  of  Ballintobber  there  is  a  quantitye 
of  land  called  Tyrevrune-eaghtragh,  48  qrs  whereof  belong  to  Her  Majestie  in  r:_ 

the 


353 

the  abbey  of  Kilmor,  4  qrs,  and  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Elphine,  4  qra — Leaggan  I  Anlie, 
35  qrs,  whereof  belong  to  the  Queen  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  St.  Peters  Athlone,  2  q", 
and  to  the  Bishopricke  of  Elphine,  4  qrs — Knock  ne  Shie,  42  qrs,  whereof  belong  to 
Her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  S*'  Johns,  2  qrs,  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Knock- 
moye,  2  qrs,  and  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Clontoyskert,  8  qrs — In  Moynter  Eaa  are  these 
parcells  following,  viz.  Ballyglasse,  10  qrs — Ley  trim,  6^  qrs — Caggall,  3^  qrs — Kilteig> 
4  qrs — Ballineboavin,  4 — Cashelleneghan,  2  —  Dromdawe,  1  —  the  Kriagh,  4  qrs — 
Mollemuckte,  4  qrs — Raconnogher,  4  qrs — Ballenrie,  4  qrs — Carran,  1  qr — Lisnecrohie, 
1  qr — Ballynbogher,  qr — Clonybirne,  2  qrs — Ardsallaghe,  2  qrs,  whereof  belongeth  to 
the  Bishoprick  of  Elphin,  1  qr — Ballenovmerie,  4  qrs — the  Clonyne,  2  q",  whereof  1 
qr  belongeth  to  her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Derran — also  Carrowe  Roe,  1  q 
belongeth  to  her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  Abbey  of  Roscommon — Kilbrid,  4  qrs' 
belong8  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Elphin — Also  there  belongeth  to  Her  Majesty,  over  and 
besides  the  lands  aforesaid,  in  the  said  Moynter  Raae's  lands,  in  right  of  the  said 
abbey  of  Roscommon,  18  qrs—  also  Shelleronne,  44  qrs,  whereof  belongeth  to  the  Arch- 
bishoprick  of  Tweame,  4  qrs — Clayne  Kearne,  44  qrs,  whereof  belongeth  to  the  bishop- 
rick of  Elphin  in  Termon  Kellyne,  4  q™ — also  Cowryne  Clane  Connor,  42  qrs,  whereof 
belongeth  to  her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Roscommon,  3  q";  and  belongeth  to 
the  Bishoprick  of  Elphin,  8  qrs — Ballen  Rossemyn,  4  qrs — Beaghe,  1  qr — Sleight  Grany 
ne  Kellies  land  in  Clain-Connor  &  Maghery  Shiell  Tirrelaghe,  22  q" — whereof  be- 
longeth to  the  Queen  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Roscommon,  1  qr;  and  to  the  Bishop- 
rick of  Elphin,  1  qr — which  in  the  whole  within  that  barronie  of  Ballintober  cometh 
to   372   qrsa. — In  the  barronie  of  Roscommon,  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  the 

Clonties 

a  The   "Boundaries  of  Roscommon"  have   been  and  so  to  Raghra  where  the  river  of  Sucke  going 

found  as  follows :  into  the  river  of  Sheanan,  and  so  along  the  said  river 

"  An  Inquisition  taken  at  Roscommon  the  16th  of  Sucke  to  Carhyne,  and  from  thence  through  the 

of  July,  1607,  before  Sir  Anthony  St.  Leger  master  middle  arche  of  the  new  bridge  in  the  town  of  Bal- 

of  the  Rolls,  &c. — The  Jury  find  '  That  the  county  lanesloy,  including  the  howse  or  castle  of  Ballane- 

of  Roscommon  extendeth  in  length  from  Athlone  to  sloy,  and  a  small  island  between  the  howse  and  the 

Lahaghnelahareebane,  near  and  on  this  side  Beallana-  middle  streame  which  runneth  under  the  saide  bridge, 

fadd,  33  miles,  and  in  breadth  from   Beallaleige  at  and  so  to  Bealaga,  including  the  lands  of  Aghagad 

the  river  of  Sheanon  to  Owen-more  near  Coystullath  and  Aghagowre,   beyond  the  said  river  of  Sucke, 

(being  the  broadest  place  of  the  county)  16  miles.  bounding  on  the  county  of  Galwaye,  extending  for- 

They  find  the  true  mears  and  bounds  of  the  said  ward  to  the  brooke  or  streame  of  Owynbegg,  and  so 

county   to   begin   eastward,   at  the  middest  of  the  forward,   as  the  course  of  the  stream  runneth,  to 

bridge  of  Athlone,   at  the  monument  of  Sir  Henry  Downoman,  where  the  streame. .  .which  mearefalleth 

Sydney,  and  so  extendeth,   southward  as  the  river  into  the  river  of  Sucke,  agayn  from  thence  alonge  the 

runneth  to   Clowneburren   or  Clowne  Mc  Knoyse,  said  river  to  the  bridge  of  Beallamoe,  so  to  Bealla- 

IKISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5.  2    Z 


354 


Clonties  of  O'Connor  Roe,  otherwise  called  Cowrme  M'Brenan,  72  if:  whereof  belon? 
to  the  Queen  as  of  the  abbey  of  Boyle,  4  q",  as  of  the  abbey  of  Conge,  4  q",  and  to  the 

Buhopriek 


earn,  and  forwarde  to  Ahalahanlare,  from  thence 
boundinge  to  Pollnemoynge,  where  it  includeth  the 
said  river  of  Sucke,  and  then,  reteynninge  the  meare, 
extendinge  westwarde  to  the  wood  of  Dowfle  Deny, 
boundinge  forwarde  to  Lahagheoggry  between  the 
towe  woodes  of  Bocalagh,  on  the  sowthe  in  tlie 
county  of  Gallway,  and  Clowfilliffe  on  the  northe, 
and  so  extendeth  through  Lahagh  Corboghill.  be- 
tweene  Slyewe  I  boyn  and  Twovmacroym,  and  for- 
warde through  the  middeste  of  a  greate  bogge  called 
Moanemore,  and  so  alonge  to  the  streame  of  Clown - 
Irr  on  the  northe,  from  thence  it  runneth  through  the 
middest  of  Iskermore,  and  forwarde  to  Leanieneshen- 
nagh,   and  to  Cloysassann.     Then  contynueth  the 

meare  to  Leantagh  Moynter bounding  the 

next  parte  of  my  Lo.  Bermingham's  couutrcv,  and 
so  forward  to  the  edge  of  Clonmorrishe,  on  the  south 
side  of  Scarrvenemoe,  from  thence  to  the  river  of 
Owyn-more  on  the  northe,  and  so  to  the  edge  of 
Coystellagh,  and  from  thence,  through  a  brooke  or 
streame  called  Owynbegg,  extending  forwarde  to 
Aha-Inellanleh,  buttinge  west  and  north  west  to 
Grallagh-Uurtyne  Ruyncoalla,  and  soe  forwarde 
along  the  meare  runningc  betweene  Cnock  brack  and 
Leighballuroe,  from  thence  to  Ahetwoakerl  on  the 
northe  northe  west  of  the  same,  and  so  dyrecth  to 
Lyegane  Killtullagh,  from  thence  to  the  mean 
called  Cleyahagerran  and  to  Mannaghe-Attyflj  1  _ 
then  holdinge  the  meare  to  Cnockanbane,  and  for- 
warde to  Bunshuckyn,  and  so  along  the  meare  of  La- 
haghgarraneenyehen,  and  to  Lahagh  Learner*  1 
and  Pulliagh,  and  Lahagh-ne-trye  gvery,  and  from 
thence  to  Cley  Tomultagh,  and  still  west  north- 
west to  Tullagh,  from  thence  to  Portnetrynaspoycke, 
which  in  English  signetieth  the  meeting  place  of 
three  bushopps,  for  that  the  bounds  of  the  archbu- 
shopricke  of  Tweame,  the  buishopprick  of  Elphinn, 
and  the  buishopprick  of  Aghconry  doe  tneete  in  one, 
and  from  Portnetryenayspoyck  along  the  river  be- 


tweene Turlagbganyne  and  L'rrye,  and  so  to 

and  from  thence  to  the  river  of  Beallament,   and  so 
through  Kyelmoana,  and  southward  of  Go  .  .  .  fan 

thence  through  the CoylL  and  to  the  f   • 

Killmayue.  and  from  thence  as  the  streame  runneth 
to  lieallacrannan,  and  conteynninge  the  said  . 
on  to  Illane  Enehbrack.   from  thence  to  the  pa 
Ballohfearna,  and  so  through  the  bogg  to  the  meare 

betweene and  Annackallamore,  and  t: 

the  mayne  bogg  called  Cryeragh-  lane,   and 
Lj  --iane  on  the-  easte,  ajid  boundinge  forward 

to  Beallamota.  and  through  the  bogg 

raggmore.  and  from  thence  through  the 
ward  to  Kahatra.  and  so  includinge  the  i  e 
liotra  to  the  meare  of  Slewroe.  and  froi 
Claysh  Cloynogoynan,  and  so  northward  to  I. 
gara,  and  oomeinge  oute  of  the  said 
that  boundeth  the  fwv  townes  of  the  Kami, 
parte  of  the  county  of  Sligo,  and  b 
meare    still    runneth    to  Munhiniewoghter.    a 
through  the  bogg  to   Loghanbuy,    from  then 
Srowh  -purtloycke,     and    -  Yrlbmn, 

and  to  Boher  I.v--  lUnb. 

willa.  and  crossing  over  the  river  !•  . 

be  and  Owyn-roe-barabiislagh,  a:. 
ingethemountayneofCorlewegoeth  to  Ltnogli . .  . 
and  from  thenee  to  the  streame  which  & 
boundeth  the  towne  of  liallvmullai. 
tie-,  whereof  oni    ) ..hi.   is  included  in  the  said  oMHtt 
of  Roscommon  and  the  other  parte  in  tl> 
Slygoe,     and   so    to   Srowhane-Kill     _  in- 

cluding Killieketreanna.  buttinge  to  Beall 
alonge  one    meare  to    \ylle  Cony   and    to  Tttl 
begg,   and  from  theno 

ricke  on  the  ....  Ballyiicglearath.  and  then  in( 
midest  of  LoghayUen,  and  from  thence  into  tin  river 
of  Sheanon.  boundeth  the  county  of  Ltotrym  from  the 
county  of  Roscommon,   and  so  alonge  the  said  river 
into  Loghry,    wheare  it   includeth and  Clay 


355 

Bishoprick  of  Elphine,  2  qrs — also  in  Cowerine  Tuilske,  there  is  a  quantity  of  land 
called  Sleight  Phelyme  Cleary,  26  qrs;  whereof  belongeth  to  the  Queene  in  right  of 
the  abbey  of  Tuilsk,  2  q'\  and  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Elphin,  4  q™ — also  Clanartie, 
28  qrs,  whereof  belongeth  to  the  Queen  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Tuilsk,  1  qr,  in  right 
of  the  abbey  of  Knockmoy,  4  qrs,  and  of  Trinity  abbey  in  Loughkee,  1  qr;  also  there 
belongeth  thereof  to  the  deanery  of  Elphine,  2  J  qrs  — also  Coverine  Hanegan,  43  qrs; 
whereof  belongeth  to  the  archbishop  of  Tweame,  2  qrs ;  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Elphin, 
10  qrs,  and  to  the  deanery  of  same,  1  qr — Tyrevrune-oghtraghe  31  qrs,  whereof 
belongeth  to  the  Queen  in  right  of  the  abbey  of  Boyle,  2  qrs,  to  the  Archbishoprick 
of  Tweame,  2  qrs,  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Elphin,  1  qr — also  Cowerine  sleight  O'Conor 
Koe,  10  qrs — Sleight  Phelim  Ffenn,  6  qrs,  Sleight  Cahall  duffe,  \\  qrs ;  which  in  the 
whole  within  that  Barronie  cometh  to  2 1 6  qrs. — In  the  Barony  of  Boylle  otherwise 
Moylurge,  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  called  Ardagh,  68  qrs,  whereof  belongeth  to  the 
Queen  in  right  of  the  Abbey  of  Clonshanville,  2  qrs,  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Elphin,  as  is 
said,  6  qrs,  and  to  Theobald  Dillon,  28  q" — also  the  abbey  of  Boyle,  27  qrs,  which 
belongeth  to  her  Majesty  in  right  of  the  said  abbey — also  the  Trinytie  abbey,  6  qrs, 
belonging  to  her  Majestie  in  right  of  the  same — also  the  abbey  of  Inshevickrynie,  3 
qrs,  belong*  to  her  Majestie  in  right  of  the  said  Abbey — also  Cowrine  Bryan  Mc  Dyer- 
mod,  68  qrs — Claynecahill,  36  qrs — Tyrehovill  and  Kilty  Connogher,  32  qrs — also 
Kilbrenan,  4  qrs,  belong*  to  Her  Majestie  in  right  of  the  Trynitye  abbey  aforesaid — 
Ballyneheale,  4  qrs,  belong*  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Elphine — Cowerine  ne  tasce,  44  qrs, 
whereof  4  qrs  belongeth  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Elphin — also  Ifertnawe,  1  qr,  belonging 
to  the  Queen  in  right  of  the  Trinitie  abbey — also  Kilnemannagh,  2  qrs,  belong8  to  the 
Bishoprick  of  Elphin — Lisseogivoge,  \  qr — Creavollan  ^  qr — which  in  the  whole 
within  that  barronie  cometh  to  296  qrs. — Also  in  the  same  Baronie  there  is  a  quantity 
of  land  called  the  Kannae,  1 5  qrs — also  there  is  a  quantity  of  land  in  the  above  named 

barronie 

Inch,  and  from  thence  fallcth  into  the  river  of  Shea-  whereof  inhabited  90  qrs,  free  45   qrs,  waste  301 

non  agayne — and  soe  to  the  said  bridge  of ...  .  qrs The  barrony  of  Boyle  alias  Movlagh  (Moy- 

"  Item,  they  findealsoe,  that  the  said  county  con-  larg)  consisteth  of  344  q™,  whereof  inhabitted  89£ 

sisteth  of  fower  barronyes  andanhalfe,  viz.  Athlone       qrs,  free  44  qrs,  waste  210A  qrs The  half  barony  of 

consisteth  of  270£  qrs,  whereof  are  inhabited  124,  ....  consisteth  of  28  q™,  whereof  inhabited  9£  qrs, 

free  by  the  composition  12,  waste  134A The  bar-  free  13  qrs,  waste  ....     The  number  of  qrs  in  the 

rony  of  Rosscommon  consisteth  of  271  qrs,  whereof  said  comity,  inhabyted,  free,  and  waste,  are  1400  qrs 

inhabited  115,  free  8,  waste  148J The  lordship  of  whereof  inhabitted  at  this  instant  427£  qrs,  free  in 

Roscommon  consisteth  of  50£  qrs,  whereof  inhabited,  all  145  qrs,  waste  in  all  827A  qrs." — Orig.  Inquis. 

save  the  freedom,  nihil,  free  23  qrs,  waste  27A  qrs —  Rolls  Off. 
The  barony  of  Ballyntobber  consisteth  of  436  qrs, 

2    Z  2 


356 

barronie  of  Ballentobber,  called  Karraw  Reogh,  Carrow  Entaloghan,  Carrowentobber, 
Carrow-Beallagh  Kylly,  and  \  a  qr  in  Killester,  consisting  in  the  whole  of  \\  q"; 
whereof  belongeth  to  the  deanery  of  Elphine  \  qr;  all  which  being  drawne  into  one 
total,  cometh  to  the  aforesaid  number  of  905  qr>. 

"  The  said  lords,  chieftains,  &c  acknowledging  the  manifold  benefits  and  ea 
they  finde  in  possessinge  of  their  lands  and  goods,  since  the  peaceable  government  of 
the  said  Lord  Deputie,  and  the  just  dealinges  of  Sir  Richard  Binghame  Knt.  doe 
grant  to  the  Queens  most  excellent  Majestic,  her  heirs  and  successors  for  ever,  one  yearlie 
rent-charge  of  tenn  shillings,  good  and  lawful  money  of  England  goinge  out  of  every 
qr,  and  for  lacke  of  money  the  thresurer  or  generall  Receiver  to  receive  kyne  to  the 
value  of  the  said  rente.     And  further  do  covenant  to  aunswere  &  beare  30  good  hable 
horsemen,  and  30  footmen  well  armed,  with  carriage  and  victualls,  to  all  ho~ 
roodes  and  journies  within  the  said  province  of  Connaugbt  and  Thomond;  and  ic  _ 
hable  horsemen  and  4.0  footmen  well  armed,  to  all  general  host irigs  proclaimed  in  this 
realme. 

"  The  said  Lo.  Deputie  for  &  in  the  behalfe  of  the  Queene's  Majesty  doth  covenant, 
promise,  grant  and  agree  that  the  above  named  Hugh  O'Connor  dune,  for  his 
maintenance,  and  in  recompence  of  such  customarie  duties,  exactions  and  cutting 
he  pretended  to  have  of  O'Birne,  O'Hanlie,  O'Fflynne,  and  other  freeholders  of  the 
said  barronie  of  Ballintobber,  shall  have,  by  letters  patent,  to  him  and  his  heii- 
only  the  castle  of  Ballintobber,  and  all  other  eustle-  and  landes  a->  belonge  to  the  name 
and  callinge  of  O'Connor  dune,  but  also  such  lands  and  castles  as  he  i?  now  justlie 
seized  of  as  his  inheritance,  to  run  in  succession  to  him  and  his  heirs  by  coarse  and 
order  of  the  laws  of  England;  and  also  shall  haw  7  q"  of  land  fre .  as  ;i  demayne 
said  castle  of  Ballyntobber. 

"  That  Teige  oge  O'Connor,  for  his  better  maintenance  of  living,  and  also  in  re 
pense  of  such  customarie  duties,  exaccons  and  spendings  as  he  pretended  to  ha1 
O'Flanegan,  McBrenan,  and  other  freeholders  of  said  barronie  of  Roscommon,  shall 
have  by  letters  patent  to  him  and  his  heirs,  not  only  the  castle  of  Bellnemnlly,  and  all 
such  other  castles  and  lands  as  belong  to  the  name  and  calling  of  O'Connor  roe.  and  as 
he  is  now  seised  of  his  inheritance;  and  also  4  <\r>  free,  as  a  demayne  i 
Bealnemully. 

"  That   Bryen  Mc  Dermod  for  his  better  maintiiiance  of  living,  and  also  in  re- 
compence of  such  customarie  duties,  exaccons  and  spendings  as  he  pretended  to  have 
of  Mc  Dermod  roe,  and  other  freeholders  in  the  barronie  of  Boyle,  shall  have  by  I 
patents,  not  only  the  castles  of  Carrick  Mc  Dermod,  and  all  such  other  castles  and  lands 
as  belong  to  the  name  and  calling  of  Mc  Dermod ;  but  also  all  such  as  he  is  now  entitled 


357 

as  his  inheritance,  to  run  in  succession  from  him  to  his  heirs,  by  course  and  order  of  the 
laws  of  England ;  and  also  4  qrs  free,  as  a  demayne  to  his  castle  of  Carrick  M  Dermod. 

"  That  Hu.  Mc  Tirrelagh  roe  of  Clonybirne  shall  have  and  take  by  letters  patents, 
not  only  all  such  castles  and  lands  as  belong  to  the  name  and  calling  of  Tanestship  of 
O'Conor  roe,  but  also  all  such  as  he  is  now  seized  of  as  his  inheritance;  and  also  4  qrS 
free  as  a  demayne  to  his  castle  of  Clonibirne. 

"  That  Carbrie  O'Birne  of  the  Dingine  shall  have,  by  letters  patents,  all  such 
lands  as  belong  to  the  name  of  O'Birn,  for  life,  with  remainder  to  Dawghe  O'Birne  of 
Do  wen. 

"  That  Doualtaghe  O'Conor  of  Bracklowne  shall  have  2  quarters  free,  adjoining  his 
castle  of  Brakelowne  in  the  baronie  of  Ballintobber. 

"  That  Connor  oge  Mc  Dermod  shall  have  2  qrs  free,  as  a  demayne  to  his  house  or 
towne  of  Incheaghochar. 

"  That  the  house  or  manor  of  Roscommon  shall  have  23  qrs  of  land  free;  whereof  4 
qrs  of  Greene  O'Molloye's  farme  to  be  parcell.  And  that  the  house  or  manor  of  Boyle 
shall  have  20  qrs  free. 

"  That  Sir  Thos  le  Strange  shall  have  6  qrs  free,  as  a  demayne  to  his  house  or  towne 
of  Derran  in  the  baronie  of  Roscommon. 

"  That  John  Crofton  shall  have  6  qrs  free,  as  a  demayne  to  his  house  and  castle  of 
Castlebragade,  alias  Canvoe  in  the  barronie  of  Boyle. 

"  That  Edward  White  shall  have  4  qrs  free,  as  a  demayne  to  his  castle  or  house  of 
Ballenderie,  in  the  barronie  of  Ballintobber. 

"  That  William  Clifford  shall  have  4  qrs  free,  as  a  demayne  to  his  house  or  town  of 
the  calae,  in  the  barronie  of  Boyle. 

"  That  Theobald  Dillon  shall  have  6  qrs  free,  viz.  Carrowe-Ryogh,  1  qr  in  the 
barony  of  Ballintobber,  and  4  qrs  in  Bally  Mc  Moroghe  and  Bally-ne  Shie  in  the  baronie 
of  Boyle,  as  a  demayne  to  his  castle  and  mannor  of  Bynfaddae  in  the  county  of  Mayo. 

"  That  Mylles  Cavanaghe  shall  have  2  qrs  free,  as  a  demayne  to  his  castle  of  New- 
towne  in  the  baronie  of  Roscommon. 

"  That  Patrick  Morgan  of  Artaghe  shall  have  4  qrs  free,  as  a  demayne  to  his  house 
or  towne  of  Ballyneaden  in  the  Barronie  of  Boyle. 

"  And,  for  as  much  as  the  meaner  sorte  of  the  freeholders,  viz.  of  Mc  Dermode, 
O'Conor  Roe,  and  O'Conor  Done's  countries,  shall  be  greatlie  burdened  by  this  com- 
position, if  the  petty  lords  and  captains  next  above  them  be  allowed  to  take  such 
rents  and  duties,  as  they  pretend  to  belong  to  the  sayd  petty  captainshipps ;  for 
remedy  whereof  it  is  condescended,  concluded,  and  agreed,  that  the  above  named 
O'Berne,  O'Hanlie,  O'Fflanagan,  O'Ffiinne,  Mc  Breanan  and  Mc  Dermod  Roe,  and  all 

others 


358 

others  of  that  callinge,  shall  have  by  letters  patents,  all  such  castles  and  lands  as 
belongeth  to  the  name  and  callinge  of  O'Birne,  O'Hanlie,  O'Fflanagan,  O'Fflinne, 
Mc  Breanan  and  Mc  Dermod  Roe,  and  after  the  decease  of  every  of  them  now  living, 
the  aforesaid  rents  shall  from  thenceforth  be  utterlie  determined  &  extinguished  for 
ever. — IN  WITNESSE  whereof  the  aforesaid  Lords,  chieftains  &f  have  hereunto  put 
their  seales,  and  subscribed  their  names  this  3  rd  day  of  October,  Anno  Domini  I 

"  W.  Tuamen. — Connor  oge O'Connor  Roe. — Collo  O'Ffloyne. — 

John  Crafton Robt.  Nugent. — Teig  M'  Dermott. — Cahall  oge 

McMulrony. — Ferrall      Mc  Dermod. — O'Hanly. — Owen      Graxe 

Mulrony    Mc  Dermott Tho.    Dillon. — Bryan    O'Fflanigan. — 

WM.     Clifford — John    Birtshall Turlagh    M'  Swine — Car. 

O'Birn. — Bryan  Mc  Diarmod. — Hu.  O'Connor  M'  Tirlagh  Roe.'' 

XI. 
"  Com,  Clare  §  Thomond. 
"  Indenture  made  betwixt  the  Right  Honorable  Sir  John  Perron  Knight,  & 
the  one  partie,  and  the  Lords  spirituall  and  temporall,  chieftaii  1  that 

part  of  the  province  of  Connaught  called  Thomond.  that  i-  .rle  of 

Thomond — Murrough  lord  baron  of  Inchiequin — The  Reverend  fathers  in  God.  Mau- 
ricius  Bishopp  of  Kyllalowe — Daniell  elect  bishop  of  Kyllffynnoraghi — 1 
OTIorane,  dean  of  Kyllalow — Daniell  Sh.nnaghe,  deane  of  KyllfinoragL.  —  I  '■  nig,  arch- 
deacon of  the  same — Sir  Edward  Waterhouse  of  Downa>-ee.  knt. — Sir  Tyrrelagh 
O'Brien  of  Ennestyvey,  knt. — John  Mcnemara  of  Knappock,  otherwise  called  M'  Ne- 
marra  of  Westcloncullun — Donell  Reagh  M'  Nenmrragh  of  Gari  .-wist- 

called  Mc  Nemarraghe  of  Easte  Clonculluu — Teige  Mc  Mahoune  of  Clonderralae.  other- 
wise called  Mc  Mahoun  of  Castle  Corkowaskin — Tyrrelagh.  M  Mahoune  ofMoyurtye, 
chief  of  his  name  in  Weste  Corkowaskin — Moriertagh  O'Brien  of  Dr. :  gen. — 

Mahowne  0  Brien  of  Clondewan,  gen. — Owny  O'Laughleine  of  the  Gragans.  otherwise 
called  O'Laughlene — Rosse  O'Laughhn  of  Glancolluni-Kvllie.  tanest  to  the 
O'Laghlen — Mahone  and  Dermott  O'Dae  of  Tullaghadae,  chieffe  el'  their  na:  — 
Connor  Mac  Gilreoghe  of  Cragbreane,  chieffe  of  his  name — Tyrrelaghe  Mac  Teig 
O'Brien  of  Beallacorege,  gen. — Luke  Bradey  sonne  and  heire  of  the  late  bishopp  of 
Meath — Edward  White  of  the  Crattelagh,  gen. — George  I     •  :'  Dromoylen,  gen. — 

Boetius  Clanchie  of  Knockfynney,  gen. — John  M'  Neman  of  the  Moetullen.  gen. — 
Henry  O'Grady  of  the  Hand  of  Inchecronan,  gen. — Donnogh  M'  Clanchie  of  the  Urlion, 
chieffe  of  his  name — Donnogh  Garraghe  O'Brien  of  Balk.  -  2  n.  —  Conner  ('"Brien 
of  Curharcorcae,  gen. — and  George  Fanninge  of  Limerick,  merchant,  of  the  other  parte." 

This 


359 

This  Indenture  bears  date  the  17  th  August,  1585.  For  its  contents,  the  reader  is 
referred  to  the  original  record.  The  following  letter  of  Queen  Eliz.  in  favour  of 
Connor  earl  of  Thomond,  A.D.  1577,  taken  from  the  original  roll,  maybe  found 
useful  by  the  future  topographer  of  this  interesting  district : 

"  Elizabeth  R.  By  the  Queen. 

"  Eight  trusty  and  right  well  beloved  Counsellor,  we  grete  you  well.  And 
whereas,  our  right  trusty  and  right  welbeloved  Cousin,  Connoher,  Earl  of  Thomond, 
hath  here  of  late,  made  humble  suit  unto  us,  as  well  for  our  confirmation  of  all  such 
letters  patents,  as  he  either  passed  from  the  king  our  father  of  famous  memory,  or  from 
our  dear  brother  king  Edw.  vi.,  or  from  us,  that  might  concern  his  father's  creation  or 
state  of  his  earldom,  or  himself  and  his  succession,  or  for  assurance  of  any  lands  to  him 
in  possession,  reversion  or  remainder,  in  which  part  he  hath  also  besought  us,  that  his 
son  Donnoghe,  now  Baron  of  Ibrackan,  and  brought  up  here  in  our  Court  might  be 
nominated  by  us  in  the  remainder  of  his  Earldom,  altho'  the  same  be  not  needful 
if  he  be  his  lawful  and  eldest  son.  We  have,  in  consideration  of  the  dutiful  mind 
the  said  earl  pretends  to  bear  to  us  and  our  said  service,  not  only  consented  that,  for 
his  better  contentation,  such  a  confirmation  shall  pass  under  our  great  seall  of  this 
our  Realm  of  England,  including  all  the  benefits  of  his  other  particularities  concerning 
such  petitions  as  he  hath  exhibitted  here  to  us  and  our  Council,  wherein  albeit  we 
declare  our  opinion  or  disposition  unto  you  upon  every  of  his  said  suits,  yet  we  refer 
to  your  consideration  the  manner  of  our  grants,  to  pass  under  our  seale  there,  and  to 
be  limitted  as  you  shall  think  convenient  for  our  service  and  his  reasonable  relief. 
Further,  where  our  said  Cousin  hath  desired,  for  the  better  maintenance  of  his  estate, 
to  have  freedom  from  cesse  on  all  his  own  lands  within  the  county  of  Thomond,  which 
he  saies  are  comprised  in  eight  baronies,  besides  the  barony  of  Ibreckan,  and  pretend- 
ing an  ancient  freedom  in  the  said  whole  barony  of  Ibreckan,  desires  the  like  in  the 
rest,  or  at  the  least  in  some  of  the  other  baronies,  and  hath  shewed  forth  here  an 
exemption  or  freedom  for  certain  plowlands,  granted  unto  him  from  Sir  Wm  Drury 
knt.  now  president  in  Munster,  in  certain  of  his  said  baronies.  We  have  thought 
good,  for  the  respect  before  named,  to  agree  that  he  shou'd  take,  during  his  life,  the 
freedom  of  the  plowlands  so  set  down  by  our  president,  with  such  commodities  in  the 
same  grant  made  by  our  said  President,  and  in  like  manner  the  freedom  of  Ibreckan 
with  like  conditions,  if  it  shall  be  by  you  thought  meet ;  and  for  the  rest,  do  refer  to 
you  to  be  considered  of  as  you  shall  think  most  convenient  of,  for  the  estate  of  the 
country  and  our  services. 

"  Secondly,  where  the  said  earl  pretends  an  ancient  government,  by  way  of  com- 
mandment, over  the  freeholders  within  Thomonde,  especially  in  making  of  surnames, 

and 


36° 

and  after  the  decease  of  the  chief  of  every  name,  to  allow  the  next  captain  or 
which  he  saies  hath  been  heretofore  beneficial  and  profitable  to  him  and  to  his  ances- 
tors, that  were  captains  of  that  country ;  which  custom  he  either  prays  may  continue 
in  him,  or  else  for  his  relief,  if  the  land  be  or  shalbe  brought  to  an  ordinary  suco 
of  inheritance,  as  were  to  be  wished  both  there  and  in  the  rest  of  the  Irishrie,  that  the 
Wardships  of  their  heirs  may  be  at  his  disposition,  as  his  heir,  by  hifi  Tenure,  ought 
to  be  Ward  unto  us;  wherein  as  we  cou'd  be  contented,  if  you  think  it  so  good,  that 
he  had  some  such  preheminence  and  profit  in  the  meaner  freeholders  within  his 
Country,  in  nature  of  a  relief,  upon  the  death  or  charges  of  the  tenants,  forseying  that 
certain  choice  persons  be  exempted,  both  because  we  find  the  discommodyties  in  other 
parts  of  Munster,  where  principal  men  do  depend  upon  such  Capital  men  as  he  . 
also  because  those  principal  freeholders  in  Thomond  might  not  conceive  discontenta- 
tion  by  our  grant  of  their  tenures  to  the  Earl,  but  rather  that  they  might  be  induced 
to  surrender  their  lands,  ande  have  Estates  of  Inheritance  again  from  us.  so  a- 
may  hold,  some  of  our  Crown  in  Capite,  and  some  by  Knight's  servi 
respects,  and  some  other  inconveniencies  that  may  perhaps  appear  unto  you,  to  think 
such  a  large  grant,  unmete,  we  have  thought  fit  to  commit  the  whole  to  your 
deration,  letting  you  notwithstanding  to  know,  that  unless  you  Bee  the  inconveniency 
very  great,  we  wou'd  be  content,  in  respect  as  well  of  the  good  opinion  we  I 
loyalty  towards  us,  as  of  the  meanesse  of  his  estate  and  liability  to  maintain  the 
countenance  of  the  degree  whereunto  he  is  called,  without  such  helps,  having  n<    . 
quantity  of  land  or  rent  to  maintain  his  estate  withal],  that  he  shou'd  receivi 
such  relief  from  the  said  freeholders,  from  whom  hie  ancestors  when  they  wer 
taines  of  that  country,  had,  as  we  be  informed,  their  whole  maintenance  from  the  said 
freeholders,  as  his  poor  estate  might  be  thereby  relieved,  and  yet  our  servi 
greatly  hindered. 

"  Thirdly,   He  hath  alleged,  that  great  sums  of  money  are  due  to  him  u 
inhabitants  of  Thomond  by  us,  for  Cesses  reased  there  by  the  several  Warm 
yourself,  our  late  deputy  Sir  William  Fitz- Williams,  Sir  Edward  Fytton  a:.     B 
William  Drurye,  during  the  several  Governments  of  you  and  them,  which  sums  the 
inhabitants  have  substituted  him  to  receive  as  lie  saies.  and  i  rove  thai 

sums  thereby  are  due  to  him  and  to  his  country,  by  the  lack  whereof  he  allegetb  them 
to  be  greatly  impoverished  ;  wherein,  for  that  we  cannot  here  allow  any  sufficient 
proof  of  the  delivery  of  the  Cesses  assigned  to  be  paid,  or  of  warrants  or  command- 
ments of  Cesses  to  any  great  value,  we  have  thought  it  convenient  that  you  be 
informed  by  him  hereof,  and  thereupon  cause  due  Inquiry  to  be  made  concerning  the 
said  Cesses,  how  they  have  been  levied,  to  whose  hands  they  have  come,  and  what 

defalcation 


36i 

defalcation  hath  been  made  upon  the  wages  of  such  as  have  received  those  beofes  and 
other  Cesses,  to  the  end  that  the  ordinary  prices  heretofore  by  prerogative  answerable 
for  the  same,  may  be  satisfied  to  the  said  Earl,  and  to  the  people  in  his  country,  by 
such  as  ought  to  allow  it  upon  their  entertainments ;  and  in  the  mean  time  we  have 
thought  good  to  lend  unto  him  the  sum  of  £200,  which  sum,  upon  sufficient  proofs 
to  be  produced  by  him,  must  be  repaid  unto  us,  either  upon  the  entertainments  of 
such  as  have  received  the  said  Cesses,  or,  for  lack  of  due  proof,  to  be  repaid  by  him- 
self, which  he  has  promised  to  do;  the  manner  whereof,  and  how  it  might  most  duly 
to  be  answered,  we  refer  to  your  good  opinion  and  order. 

"  Fourthly,  He  desires,  that  the  Customes  of  Clare  and  Clanrode  may  continue  in 
him,  as  in  his  ancestors,  which  because,  as  we  are  informed,  they  be  but  certain  small 
privileges,  whereof  the  like  are  due  to  many  castles  in  Ireland,  upon  merchandizes 
of  wine  and  ale  brought  from  our  porte  townes  to  those  castles,  we  think  it  not 
amiss  that  the  same  be  granted  unto  him,  if  you  shall  find  it  a  matter  of  no  more 
importance  than  by  his  information  it  appears  unto  us,  and  so  as  thereby  our  customs 
and  imposts  due  in  these  ports  be  not  diminished. 

"  Fifthly,  he  desires,  that  the  Bonnaght  of  the  Galloglas  that  have  been  accustom- 
ably  paid  out  of  his  own  proper  lands,  may  be  reserved  to  himself,  now  that  the  Gal- 
loglas are  discontinued  as  he  informs  us ;  and  because  that  we  conceive  that  the  Bon- 
naght was  a  cesse  of  victuals  reased  universally  upon  the  whole  country  of  Thomond, 
for  the  wages  of  the  Galloglas  according  to  the  number  of  the  sparres,  whereof  part 
was  reazed  upon  the  possessions  now  in  the  earl's  hands,  and  part  upon  the  lands  of 
the  freeholders,  we  are  contented  that  so  much  of  that  Bonnaght  as  hath  been  leviable 
upon  the  earl's  particular  and  proper  lands  shall  be  remitted  to  him,  as  in  suspence 
whilst  the  service  of  that  Galloglas  shall  cease,  if  you  our  deputy  shall  know  no  cause 
to  the  contrary. 

"  Sixthly,  whereas  it  appears,  by  the  grant  of  the  king,  our  father,  of  noble 
memory,  King  Henry  viii.,  that  he  (the  Earl)  is  possessed  of  the  moiety  of  the  abbey  of 
Clare,  he  prays  to  have  the  other  moiety  also,  yet  in  our  hands,  with  the  territories 
of  Ince  and  Cohenny,  the  chantries  of  Termen-Shenin,  Termin-Tolloughe,  Termon- 
Mynough,  and  Termon-Skenoway,  we  are  well  pleased,  that  upon  a  survey  to  be  made 
thereof  by  our  surveyor  of  our  said  Realm,  he  shall  have  an  estate  of  all  the  said  Abbey 
lands,  frieries  &  chantries  to  him  and  the  heirs  males  of  his  body,  reserving  to  us  such 
a  rent  as  by  the  survey  shall  be  allotted,  and  that  with  as  convenient  speed  as  the 
said  survey  may  be  made,  and  certified  to  you  under  the  hand  of  our  said  officer. 

"  Lastly,  he  desires  the  island  of  Innescartts  upon  pretence  that  he  wou'd  convert 
it  to  a  Fyshe-Towne ;  nevertheless,  because  we  suppose  it  to  be  within  the  river  of 

irish  arch.  soc.  1 5.  3  A  Shennyn 


362 

Shennyn,  and  of  some  importance  to  the  city  of  Limerick,  we  have  thought  good  to  be 
advertised  therein,  and,  therefore,  require  to  be  informed  from  you  touching  the  situa- 
tion and  importance  of  the  place,  with  the  quantity  of  ground  and  value  to  be  letten; 
upon  which  certificate  we  shall  give  him  further  answer.  And  for  the  re-t  of  the 
articles  do  refer  them  to  you,  to  make  grants  and  estates  to  him  under  our  greal 
either  during  his  life  or  during  pleasure,  or  to  him  and  his  heirs  males  of  his  body,  in 
such  sort  as  the  former  part  of  this  our  letter  hath  directed  you,  either  absolutely  or 
in  discretion.  For  doing  whereof  this  shalbe  sufficient  warrant,  as  well  to  you,  as  to 
our  Chancellor  or  Keeper  of  the  great  seal  for  the  time  being,  for  the  sealin . 
delivery  hereof.  Given  under  our  signet  at  our  Castle  of  Wyndesor.  the  7"'  day  of 
October,  1577,  in  the  19th  year  of  our  reign. 

"  To    our  right  trusty  and  well  beloved   Counsellor.    Sir   Henrj    S 

knight  of  our  order,  and  deputy  of  our  Realme  of  Ireland,  and  to  our 
trusty  and  right  well  beloved  William  Gerrard.  esq.  our  Chancellor 
there,  and  to  every  other  our  Officers  and  ministers  there  for  the  time 
being,  to  whom  in  this  case  it  shall  appertain.'1 — (20'  Kliz.  d.  r.  11.) — 
Orig.  Roll. 


II. 

The  annexed  Pedigrees  of  the  ancient  tribe  of  Muintir  Murchadha  ol  M  .  ^eola, 
and  O'Flaherties  of  Iar-Connaught,  have  been  compiled  by  the  ablest  Irish  genealo- 
gists of  latter  times;  Cugocry  O'Clery  (one  of  the  Annalists  called  the  Four  M.. 
Duald  Mac  Firbis  of  Lecane,  and  Eoger  O'Ferrall,  an  Irish  antiquary,  whose  "  Line.* 
Antiqua"  is  now  preserved  in  the  Office  of  Arms,  Dublin,  where  it  is  considered  of 
high  authority.     It  has  been  judged  necessary  to  give  these  three  gene;;  re,  in 

order  to  enable  the  reader  curious  in  such  matters,  to  reconcile  the  chronology,  and 
some  few  discrepancies  which  occur  in  the  early  generations,  a  task  which  the  limits 
of  these  pages  preclude  us  from  attempting.  It  will  be  seen  that  O'Clery  confines 
himself  to  the  Western  O'Flaherties,  as  the  chief  line.  Mac  Firbis,  aided  probably 
by  his  pupil,  our  author,  Roderick  O'Flaherty,  gives  the  three  great  stocks  of  Balli- 
nahinch,  Aghnenure,  and  Moycullen,  with  some  of  the  correlative  branch  <.-.  ( 'Terrall 
omits  the  Moycullen  family  altogether.  Mac  Firbis.  in  his  abstract  of  A.  D.  1666, 
preserved  in  the  library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  states,  in  accordance  with  the 
Book  of  Ballymote,  fol.  54,  that  Morogh  (Gen.  table  II.  no.  17),  from  whom  the  tribe  took 
its  name,  had  a  second  son,  •'  Urrumhan,  who  had  six  sons,  viz.,  1.  Donnell.  from  whan 
descended  the  O'Donuells  of  Ardrath  ;  2.  Laighidh,  from  whom  the  CLees  ofHy- 

Briun 


THE  PEDIGREE  OF  O'FLAIIERTY, 

From  Morogh  na  maor,  qui  obiit  A.  D.  1626,  to  Duadi  Teang-umha,  King 
of  ConnaugJit,  A.D.  500;  extracted  from  O'Ckry's  Book  of  Pedigrees, 
p.  67,  in  the  Library  of  Vie  Royal  Irish  Academy,  Dublin. 


^enealac  ui  piairbeapcaij.  Pedigree  of  0' Flaherty. 

ITlupchao  na  maop  (ob.  A.D.  1G2G),     .      .  Morogh  na  mnor,  who  di«I  A.D.  IG26, 

(Tlac  Domnuill  an  005016, Son  of  Donel)  an chogaidh, 

TTlic  an  ^hiolla  6uiK, Son  of  Glllwluff, 

TTlic  TVlupchooa, Son  of  Morogh, 

ITliC  eojain SonofOwcn, 

IDic  eojain, Son  of  Owen, 

TTlic  Geoha  moip  nac  jtacao  oipgeae,  .  Son  of  Hugh  mor  nncli  gloendh  airgcit, 

lllic  Oomnaill, Son  of  Donell, 

TTlic  TTluipcecipraij, Son  of  Murtagli, 

rilic  RuaiDpi, Son  of  Rory, 

ITliC  Oeohn, Son  of  Hugh, 

TTlic  Ruuiopi  jlaip, San  of  Rory  glas, 

TTlic  muipeoaij, Son  of  Murednch, 

ITliC  maelculaipo, Son  of  Maekulard, 

TTlic  piairBeapcaij  6  ca  an  plonoao,     .  Son  of  Flaherty,  from  whom  (he  name, 

IDic  6irhin, SonofEvin, 

TTlic  Upotnain, SonofUrmnhn.it, 

ITliC  ITIupchaoa, Son  of  Morogh, 

TTlic  niaonaij, Son  of  Mnonnch, 

Tllic  piaicmao, Son  of  Flnthniadh, 

TTlic  Ptaiigalai^, Son  of  Finngalngh, 

TTlic  pioinn  pooba,     . Son  of  Flonn  Rodhbn, 

TTlic  amaljaiD, Son  of  Amalgadh. 

TTItc  CinnpaolaiO, Son  of  Cinnfnola, 

TTlic  Colgan, SonorColgan, 

ITlic  CXeoa, Son  of  Aodh, 

ITliC  Seunai5, Son  of  Seanagh, 

TT|iC  Ouac  ceanjvm.a  (A.  D.  500).    ...  Son  of  Duneh  Teangumhn,  A.  D.  500. 


f 


GENEALOGICAL  TABLE  OF  THE  FAMILY  0 

hducedfrom  its  great  Ancestor,  Eochaidh  Muighmcadhon,  to  the  present  Time;  extra 


of  (lie  Royal  Irish  Academy,  Dublin,  a  nd  othenuthentic  Som 


O'FMERTY  OF  IAR-CONNAUGHT, 

•led  frolDuald  Mae  Firbiss  Book  of  Pedigrees,  preserved  in  the  Library 


PEDIGREE  OF  O'FLAIIERTY  OF  IAR-CONMUGIIT, 


Extracted  frail 
h 


I.  Eochaidh  Muighmendhon,    King  of  Connnught,  afterwards  Monarch  of  Ireland  (o»i  oft.  A.  D.  36C). 
G.  Fergus.— 7.  Duach  Teang-nmhn,  King  of  Connaught — 8.  Scnnngh.— 0.  Aodli — 10.  Colgun,  from  whom  the  Clan  Colgi . 
nre  the  Muintir  Murchndha ;  and  from  the  latter  the  Clou  Cosgrnigh,  or  Mac  Aodlia  {Mac  Hugh  or  Hughes) — 13    Flatm 

Murchadha,  tho  tribe  name  of  the  O'Flaherties.  (Ho  died  A.  D.  891 — Four  Afrsfe™.)— 18.  UrchaC 

22.  Flaherty,  from 

23.  Maokuhtiril. 


]ng  of  Comianght — 3.  Dnnch  Gnlaeh.— 4.   F.ognn   Srcimli 5.  Mureartach  Maol.— 

1.  Cinnfhaola — 12.  Amhalgadh  Earelasngh,  and  Dungaloigh.     From  the  former 
TiAbha. — 14,  Fingalagh. — 15.  Flatliniadh — 1(1.  Maonach. — 17.  Morogh,  a  oim  Muintir 
and  Urumluiin.— 19.  Entliin — '20.  Urninhuin. — 21.  Enihin — 
O'Flaherty. 


24.   Murednch  Mar  O'FIn  ?rty 


INTI11  MUKCIIAOIIA,   OF  MOY  SEOLA. 


'II.  CLAN   DONOGH,  OF  I  AD -CONN  AUGHT. 


25.  It  vy,  of  Loitf 

26.  r  ' 


/ 


III.  SLIOCHT  MIIIC  CONCHABHAIR. 


28.  Mnredocli. 


29.  Connor.        29.  Donell.        29.  Flaherty. 


29.  Murednch. 

I— 

:m.   (  .>mi»i' 


25.  Donogh  ahiin 

26.  Donogh  oge. 

27.  Mortagli. 

I 

28.  Connor. 

29.  Hugh. 

30.  Morogh. 

31.  Donell. 

32.  Kory. 

I 

33.  Manns. 

34.  Morogh. 

I 

35.  Manus. 


25.  Hugh. 

I 

26.  Ron'. 

I" 

27.  Donagli. 


37.  Muredaclt. 


93.  Ouachita  T 


uigumlia.  11 


of  West-Connaugh 

sot],  the  thirteenth 

of  West-Connaugh 

Fergus,  King  of  C 

Flan  Roba,  bis  1 

Maonagh,  king  0 

Earca,  king  or  lo 

wife  of  Kennedy 

Creassa,  the  wife  ■  if  Teigo 

Urbhan — 104.  M  tonagh  hia 


m6r)  O'Flaherty  1 


III 


[To  face  Page  362.] 


O'FerralPs  Linea  Antiqua,  or  Account  of  the  A  ncient  Families  of 
to  A.  D.\10%  preserved  in  the  Office  of  Anns,  Dublin. 


:t  sounding,  third  s> 


O'Rorke,  No.  92)     ras  the  fourth  Christian  king  of  Connnught,  0 


i  of  Fergus  (as  before,  tituki 
O'Flaherties,  kings  or  lords 


,  Had  a  son  colled— 94.  Hugh  Sennngh.— 95.  Colgan  his  son— 9G.  Canfaola  his 
Christian  king  of  Connnught,  died,  A.  D.  G81.  Ho  hnd  two  sons:  1.  Awlcy  king 
;  2.  Dnngnll,  or  Toole,  ancestor  to  M°  Hugh  of  Montengh.     Some  say 

aught  (No.  92,  titulo  O'Rorke)— 97.  Awly,  son  of  Canfaola.— 98.  Florence, 

•99.  Fiangal  his  son — 109.  Flnthnia  his  son 101.  Morogh,  called  by  s< 

ord  of  YVest-Connaught,  died  A.D.  892 — 102.  Urbhan  his  son,  bod  an  elder  brother, 
of  West-Connaught,  who  died  A  D.  944;  whose  two  daughters,    1.  Beavoii 
prince  of  Thomond,  and  mother  of  Bryan  Borova,  slain  at  Clontarf,  1014;  nnd 

ip,  king  of  Connnught,  ancestor  to  O'Conor.— 103.  Moriagh,  son  of 

—105.    Moriagh  his  son — 10G.  Evin  his  son. — 107.    Flaherty  lib 

of  O'Flaherty.— 108.  Mukulard  hb  son— 109.  Morigb,  Magnus  (Muredaeh 

—110.  Roger  O'Flaherty  bb  son,  called  peon  Rudpfj  na  puaj  o  loc 

Cime.— HI.  Hi  5h  O'Flaherty  his  son.—l  12.  Muredaeh  O'Flaherty  his  son— 113.  Hugh  O'Flaherty 

114.  Ro  *r  O'Flaherty  his  son— 115.  Mnrtagh  O'Flohcrty  his  so/— 116.   Donald  O'Flaherty 

married  A  rrelia,  daughter  of  O'Bryan ;  nnd  had  two  sons,  Hugh  m6r  O'Flaherty,  and  Bryan 

Inherty 

117.  Hugh  O'l  aherty  built  the  church    of  Annaghdown,  1400 

Owen  O'Flaherty. 
O'Flaherty,    Doml 


Donald  O'Flaherty 119. 

120.  Owen  age  O'Flaherty,    Hugh  O'Flaherty,  a  quo  M*  Hugh 121.    Morogh 

naill  an  chogaidh,  and  Teige   na    buille  O'Flaherty 124.    Morogh  no  maor  of 

Ballinaliinch,  chi^f  his  narae—125.  Morogh  na  maor  had  five  sons,  viz.,  1.  Sir  Morogh,  2.  Edmond, 
3.  Bryan,  4.  Teigif  5.  Hugh.— 12G.  The  first  had  five  sons,  viz..,  Morogh  na  maor,  Edmond,  Tcigc, 
Bryan,  Patrick ;  tie  second  had  tlirce  sons,  vi*.,  Donald,  Morogh,  Edmond ;  the  third  had  two  sons, 
viz.,  Morogh,  Bryjui ;  the  fourth  had  three  sons,  viz.,  Tcige,  Rory,  Patrick  ;  the  fifth  had  one  son,  viz., 
Bryan.  Edmondj  the  second  son  of  Morogh  no  maor,  married  Mary  (recfe  Margaret),  daughter  of 
Sir  Christopher  larvy,  Knt.,  by  whom  he  had  the  three   sons  before  named,  viz.,  Donald,  Morogh, 

Edmond.     The  slond  of  these  married  Bridget  O'Donnellan,  by  whom  be  had  Morgan  nnd  Bridget 

[Here  O'Ferrall,  and  the  books  of  the  Office  of  Arms,  end  the  line  of  Hugh  mo>,  117.  That  of  his  brother 
Bryan,  the  second!  son  of  116,  is  given  as  follows :] 

117.   Brian  na  t-oinnseacli  OTlaln-rty  married  Agm-a,  daughter  "f  Kud 1,  sen  of  Sir  William  Burke. 

He  had  two  sons.-j-l  1 8.  Morogh  and  Maine  O'Flaherty— 1 1 9.  Donal  an  c6il  direach,  son  of  Morogh 

120.  Roger  Roe  O'Flaherty. — 121.  Roger  Roe  O'Flaherty.— 122.  Morogh  O'Flaherty  had  two  sons 

123.  Roger  and  leige  O'Flaherty — 124.  Telge  O'Flaherty  of  Aghnenure  or  I.cmonfield,  son  or  Roger 

125.  Donald,  sonof  Teige,  died  1594 — 126.  Sir  Morogh  na  d-tuadh  his  son,  His  will  dated  3 M  Feb., 
1593.    [This  bne,  with  the  affinities,  is  continued  tn  the  present  time.] 


29.  Donell  m  Comthach. 


IV.  SLIOCHT  LOGMAN  (IF  CONM AlfXE-MARA. 


V.  FAMILIES  OF  GNOMORF.  AND  GN0BEG  IN  SfOYCULLEN. 


Hugh  nitir,  nuch  glaeadh  airiied, 
.  Donnell. 
.   Owen  ofBcrrin  da  bhacog. 


i 


VI.  SLIOCHT  MIIIC   DIAUMADA  DUBH. 


33.  OwonliMae. 


.   Hugh,  a  quo  Mac  Hugh. 


31.  Morogh. 

I 

32.  Donell  cuii  dirt 

33.  Rory  ./toe 


34.  Donell  crone,  Chief  of  all 

I  the  O'FIaherties,  but 
deprived  bv  Queen 
Elizabeth. 

35.  Rory. 
3G.  DonelL 


34.  Tcige.  34.  Hugh. 

35.  Morogh  na  buille.  35.  Donnell. 


34.  Maonach- 

I 

35.  Morogh  fa  , 


37.    Meregh   mi  l.uilh: 


M.    Deiiiu-ll  on  hhaid. 


34.  Ron-  oge. 

35.  Donell. 


:n;    Mhi-m-Ii  1 

I 
37.  Rorv-. 


31.  GilUluff. 

I 

32.  Hugh. 


34.  Murtagh. 

35.  Ron-. 


30.  Tcige. 

I 

31.  Dcrmott  dubli. 

I 

32.  Morogh. 

I 

33.  Teige. 


37.   Rory  oge,  or  Rodoric  imtlmr  nf  Oai/aiii, 

I 

38.  Michael.  Ob.  s.  p. 


34.  Edmond  caoch. 

35.  Teige. 

I 
3G.  Edmond. 


35.  Owen. 

1 

36.  Owen  oge. 

37.  Edmond  huidl,.-. 


35.  GilldiuT. 

36.  Donell  on  chogaidh. 


36.  Morogh  na  d-tuagh,  ap- 

1    pointed  by  Queen 

Elizabeth  Chief  of 

aUthcO'Fliiliertie.s. 


3G.  Rorv. 

I 

ST.    lien- 11. 


37.  Owen.         37.  Moroghwa 

38.  Dwell.        38.  Sir  Men.gli 


37.  Donell.         37.  Teige.       37.  Edmond.       37.  Rory  Slieogh-       37.  Hugh  Duhh.       37.  Mnonnch.       37.  Donell  ruadh. 


37.  Brian  an  chobhtaigh.        37.  Momgli  <•[)■■■ 


37.  Moriagh.       37.  Donell. 


38.  Hugh. 

I 

19.  Brj'an. 


39.   Donald.  39.  Morogh. 

40.  Morgan. 


'■''.'-   Eil ml,  a  Cuplftin  in  the 


Id.   Ediiuind  laidir. 


.  M'lmiiii.b.       3S.   liriiin. 


38.  Teige.         38.  Hugh  oge.         38.  Donell  ruadh.  38.  Mortogh. 


38.  Morogh. 
Morogh  na  ugeimhteurh. 


oncis,  a  Captain  in 
the  23rd  Fusilccn, 
imnly      called 

Cctpcfn  oeapg, 

(red  Captain). 

Intend,  now  living. 


12.  Edm 


42.  John  of  Kill.'i.e. 


13.  tTolm,  a  Major  in  the 
45th  Regiment  of 
Foot.     Ob.  s.  p. 


13.  Joseph,  a  Lieutenant  in 
the  32nd  Regiment  of 
Foot.     Ob.  9.  p. 


39.  Meregh  na  d-fii.iii//i.  39.   Teige. 

40.  Brian  nge  no  mmhtliach. 


41.  Brian  oqe. 

I 

42.  Murrogh. 


43.  Theobald. 


44.  Thomas  I'arker. 


44.  John  Bourke. 


11.  ThvobaW  iJii'li.inl. 


363 

Briuin  Seola  ;  3.  Ceallach,  from  whom  the  Mac  Kilkelly's  of  the  same  ;  4.  Clercean, 
from  whom  (according  to  Lib.  Ballymote,  ut  supra)  the  O'Clerchean ;  5.  Maol-na 
n-gall,  from  whom  the  family  of  that  name ;  and  6.  Flaithbhertach,  from  whom  the 
O'Flaherties.  From  the  latter  also  sprung  the  Clan  Donogh  (now  Mac  Donogh),  Clan 
Connor,  &  Clann  Mac  Dermod  duff  of  Iar-Connaught."  Mac  Firbis,  in  his  larger 
work,  has  given  the  following  branch,  viz.  "  Eory  of  Aghnenure  in  Gnomore, 
father  of  Morogh,  father  of  Edmond,  Teige,  Aodh,  Eory,  Murcertach,  Brian,  and 
Donnell,"  but  not  having  connected  it  with  any  of  the  other  lines,  it  could  not  there- 
fore be  abstracted.  His  table  ends  at  No.  38 ;  but  the  two  descents  have  been  continued 
to  the  present  time,  from  family  documents,  tradition,  and  information  given  by 
the  late  Talbot  O'Flaherty,  Esq.,  (Gen.  table  II.  no.  42,)  and  other  members  of  the 
family.  Tradition  relates  that  two  brothers  of  the  Sliocht  Eoghan  race,  Donnell  and 
Brian,  emigrated  to  Dingle  {JDaingin  TJi  Ckuis),  in  the  County  of  Kerry,  where  their 
posterity  still  continue  respectable.  A  learned  member  of  this  branch,  John  T. 
O'Flaherty,  Esq.,  was  author  of  "  The  History  and  Antiquities  of  the  Southern  Islands 
of  Arran,  lying  off  the  West  Coast  of  Ireland,"  printed  in  the  Transactions  of  the 
Eoyal  Irish  Academy,  vol.  xiv. 

The  armorial  bearings  of  the  O'Flaherty  family  are,  Argent,  two  lions  counter- 
rampant,  supporting  a  dexter  hand,  couped  at  the  wrist,  gules  :  in  base,  an  antique 
galley,  oars  in  action,  sable. — Crest,  on  a  helmet  and  wreath  of  its  colours,  a  lizard, 

passant,  verta Supporters,  on  the  dexter,  a  lion,  gules,  argent,  armed  and  langued, 

azure  ;  on  the  sinister,  a  griffin,  argent,  armed  and  langued,  gules Motto,  "Fortuna 

fa  vet  fortibus." 

The 

a  This  crest,  according  to  tradition,  was  chosen       intelligit  hostem  alicubi  esse  in  insidiis" Erasm. 

from  the  following  incident :  In  days  of  yore,  one  of  Col.  Amicitia.  As  usual,   the  tradition  assigns  no 

the  chiefs  of  the  O'Flaherties,  retreating  from  his  ene-  date ;  but  that  may  be  supplied  from  the  Gen.  Table, 

mies,  was  overcome  by  fatigue,  and  taking  advantage  II.,    where   the   agnomen  of  Amhaladh    (Awley), 

of  a  sequestered  spot  to  rest  himself,  he  fell  fast  asleep.  viz.,  Earclasaigh,  signifies  an  eft  or  lizard.     This 

His  pursuers  were  close  approaching,  when  a  lizard,  refers  to  the  seventh  century.     Our  eccentric  his- 

a  creature  said  to  be  friendly  to  man,  by  running  up  torian  Taaffe,  Ireland,  vol.  i.  p.  556,  Dub.  Ed.  1809, 

and  down  his  face  and  neck,  and  gently  scraping  and  states  that  he  had  read  in  an  old  vellum  MS.,  to  which 

tickling  with  its  nails,  at  length  awoke  the  chief  in  he  gives  no  reference,  "  Concerning  the  migration  of 

sufficient  time  to  enable  him  to  effect  his  escape.  But  the  Hy-m-Briuin  tribe  towards  the  Shannon.    They 

the  latter  part  of  the  story  may  be  better  told  in  divided  themselves  into  three  columns,  the  standard 

the   words   of  Erasmus  : — "  Circumcursat  per  col-  of  each  was  a  serpent  of  burnished  gold."    Whatever 

lum  et  faciem  hominis  :  nee  finem  facit,  donee  pru-  credit  this  may  be  entitled  to,  it  would  appear  from 

ritu  scalptuque  unguium  excitetur.     Porro  qui  ex-  Mac  Curtin's  English-Irish  Dictionary,  voce  Lizard, 

pergiscitur,   conspecta    in   propinquo   lacerta ;   mox  that  the  serpent  and  the  lizard  bear  the  same  name 

3  A  2 


364 

The  length  to  which  the  foregoing  annotations  have  extended,  renders  it 
to  confine  the  remainder  of  this  Appendix  to  a  brief  detail  of  the  principal  transac- 
tions of  Iar-Connaught,  as  related  in  our  annals;  with  passing  notice-  of  its  ancient 
chieftains,  merely  as  an  illustration  of  the  annexed  genealogical  tables.  This  detail 
will  be  authenticated  by  several  original  documents,  never  before  published  :  and 
some  of  these  may  possibly  be  considered  interesting  even  beyond  the  limits  to  which 
they  relate.  Indeed,  the  narrative,  if  such  it  can  be  called,  is  itself  principally  intended 
as  a  medium  for  the  preservation  of  those  local  evidences,  many  of  which,  if  omitted 
here,  might  long  remain  unexplored,  or  probably  be  lost  for  ever. 

Duach  Teangumhab,  named  in  the  annexed  pedigrees,  who  has  been 
the  third  Christian  king  of  Connaught,  was  the  seventh  in  descent  from  Eochaidh 
Muighmheadhoin,  great  ancestor  of  the  Muinter  Murchadha,  or  O'Flaherties.      This 
prince  was  slain  in  the  battle  of  Seaghsa,  near  Coran,  in  the  present  Coun' 
A.  D.  500°,  in  which  battle  Murchertach,  the  son  of  Erca,  monarch  of  Ireland,  was 
victor.     Duach's  descendants,  Cinnfaela,  son  of  Colgand,    fell  in  the  battle  of  Eastern 
Seola,  A.  D.  653e.     From  this   Cinnfhaola  descended  Morogh.   or   Murchadh.  - 
Maonachf,  who  died  A.  D.  891s.     From  him  was  derived  the  tribe-name  of  the  ' 
herties,  and  their  correlatives,  i.  e.  the  Muintir  Murchadha'1.     At  this  period,  and  for 
many  ages  after,  this  tribe  dwelt  to  the  east  of  the  great  lake  Orbsen,  now  Lough  Corrib, 
on  the  fertile  plains  of  Moy  Seola,  which  now  form  the  barony  of  Clare,  but  which 
anciently  included  the  district  surrounding  the  present  town  of  Galway,  east  of  the 
river.     In  the  Annals,  the  tribe  is  indiscriminately  calk-d  Muintir  Murchadha.  and 
Hy-Briuin   Seola,  for  several  generations.     Their  territory  :-  stinguished  from 

that 

in  the  Irish  language.  sketch,  except  where  they  ii. 

h  "  Duaehus  linr/iia:  oris  dicitur.   forsan   a  tuba  to  affect  any  fart-.      ! 

a;rea,  ^Ere  ciere  vivos  Martemque  accendere  cantu  "  purposes  of  Irish  history,  th  u 

O'Conor,  Rerum.  Hib.  Script.  Annul.  Tig.,  p.  126,  n.  he  accurately  .1 

5.  Theancient,  and  certainly  more  pleasing  significa-  cote,  pp.  ]2*_o.  for  this  I>uach. 

tion  of  the  name,  is  thus  given  bvMaeFirbis: —  See  the  annexed  G< 

"Ouac  Ueanjr.urha  .1.  up  binne  uuplub-  '  Ti_-.  I  19;  Four  Mat 

pao  ao-beprt  anrainm  pin  ppip,  uaip  nip  f Gen. Table,  11  no.  !■ 

binne   ceol   cpoc  ma    jac  pocal  uabu.  s  Four  Masters.   The  Annals  of  Innisfallu 

Duaehus  Teangumha  was  so  named  from  the  sweet-  his  death  in  A.  I).  882  :  and  call  him 

ness  of  his  voice ;  for  the  music  of  the  harp  was  not  (Vnnaught." 

sweeter  than  the  sound  of  his  words." — p.  210.  h  Gen.  Table.  II — The  Four  Ma-:,  r-,  a:  A.  D. 

c  Annal.  Tig.  ad  an.  &  Four  Masters.  A.  D.  400.  record  the  death  of  Cleirchi 

All  our  Annalists  differ,  more  or  less,  from  the  com-  rogh,  prince  of  Hy-Briuin  Seola;  but  his  name  does 

mon  era :  hut  their  dates  will  be  observed  in  this  nut  appear  in  the  Gen.  Tables. 


3^5 

that  extending  westward  from  the  lake,  which  was  known  by  the  names  of  Dealbhna 
Feadha  or  Tire  da  Loch,  i.  e.  the  Dealbhna,  or  Delvin  of  the  country  of  the  two  lakes, 
(called  also  Gnomore  and  Gnobeg,  lying  between  Lough  Orbsen  and  Lough  Lurgan, 
or  the  Bay  of  Galway),  and  Conmhaicne-mara  now  anglicised  Connamara,  or  the  Sea 
Conmhaicne,  bordering  on  the  Atlantic  ocean.  The  Muintir  Murchadha  are  thus 
described  by  O'Dugan,  in  his  topographical  poem  before  quoted,  which  refers  to 
the  twelfth  century: 

Clann  Tffupcaoa  an  muippe  apcaijr,,      Clan  Murchadha  of  the  amiable  mansions 
CI5  iTHiincip  Icnno  piairbeapcaijr,.  Had  the  warlike  O'Flaherties1. 

Ceicheo  pe  net  njleo  oleajhap  To  flee  from  their  onset  is  meet; 

leo  peicerh  na  bpionnchalao.  To  them  belongs  the  watching  of  the  fair 

harbours. 
In  A.  D.  923,  it  is  recorded  that  the  people  of  Conmhaicne-mara  slew  the  Danish 
chieftain  Tomrar,  the  son  of  Tomralt.  It  appears  that  about  the  same  time  the  Danes 
made  several  predatory  incursions  into  the  west  of  Connaught.  In  A.  D.  927,  a  party  of 
these  invaders,  from  Limerick,  seized  upon  Lough  Orbsen,  and  destroyed  its  islands, 
but  they  were  soon  after  defeated,  with  considerable  slaughter,  by  the  Connaciansj. 
Murchadh,  king  of  the  Hy-Briuin,  died  soon  after  ;  and  his  son  Archad,  or  Urchada, 
who  was  styled  Lord  of  Iar-Connaught,  died  in  A.  D.  943k.  It  may  be  necessary  here 
to  observe,  that  the  chiefs  of  the  Muintir  Murchadha  were  frequently,  as  in  the  present 
instance,  styled  in  the  Annals,  lords  of  Iar  or  Western  Connaught,  which,  I  conjec- 
ture, meant  only  their  native  inheritance  of  Moy-Seola,  and  not  the  territories  west 
of  Lough  Orbsen,  which,  at  the  time  last  alluded  to,  and  for  centuries  after,  were 
under  the  rule  of  their  own  hereditary  chieftains1.  It  was  not  until  the  thirteenth 
century  that  those  districts,  now  properly  called  Iar-Connaught,  fell  under  the 
power  of  the  O'Flaherties,  as  will  appear  in  the  sequel.     The  foregoing  conjecture 

appears 

'  See  ante,  pp.93,  145,  253,  for  the  other  districts  Archad  dearg,    King  or  Lord  of  West  Connaught, 

beyond  the  lake  and  their  chiefs,  as  mentioned  by  had  two  daughters,  one  of  whom  was  mother  of  the 

O'Dugan.    O'Cabctin  (O'Kyne),  O'Oopcaoa  celebrated  Brian  Borumha,  Monarch  of  Ireland ;  the 

(0' Dorchy  or  Darcy),  and  O'^opmoj  (O'Gor-  other  of  ^065  an    cuip,    King    of  Connaught, 

mnge),  were  the  ancient  rulers  of  Partraighe  an  t-  ancestor  of  the  O'Conors.       See  the  annexed  Pedi- 

sleibhe,  or  Partry  of  the  moimtain  ;  now  the  barony  gree,  III.,  and  Keating,  A.  D.  1027  ;  where  we  are 

of  Ross,  sometimes  called  Duthaidh  Seoigheach,  or  told  that  Brian's  mother  was  the  offspring  of  the 

Joyce's  country,  and  for  which  see  ante,  p.  246.  prayers  of  the  saints  and  clergy.     "  t)o  peip  an 

JFour  Masters In  the  Chronieon  Scotorum,  this  C-Seancuip,  if  Oo  juioe  naotfl  7  cleipe  Do 

slaughter  is  assigned  to  A.  D.  930,  rainij  macaip  6hpiam  ftopoirhe." 

"  Gen.Table,  no.  1 7, 18.   This  Urchada,  also  called  See  last  note i. 


366 


appears  borne  out  by  the  same  annalists,  who,  when  recording  the  death  of  Donnchadh. 
son  of  Murchadh,  already  noticed,  A.  D.  959,  style  him  lord  of  Hy-Briuin  Seola  only". 
Towards  the  close  of  this  century,  a  fortified  residence  in  Moy-Seola.  probably  that 
of  its  chiefs,  was  destroyed  in  a  great  storm11;  soon  after  which  "Maelcereda,  Kin;/  of 
the  Hy-Briuin  Seola0,"  and  "  Muredhach,  son  of  Cadhla,  king  of  Conniaicne-rnara1'.'' 
died.  About  this  time  Brian  Boroimhe,  son  of  Kennedy,  King  of  Munster,  dispatched 
a  body  of  forces  to  Iar-Connaught,  which  committed  great  depredations.  On  this 
occasion  Muireadheach  (or  Murray),  son  of  Conor,  King  of  Connaught,  Donnell,  son  of 
Rudhraidh  or  Roderick,  son  of  Cosgrach,  presumptive  heir  to  the  principal!  - 
Iar-Connaught,  and  others  of  its  nobles,  were  slainq. 

Connaught  was  at  this  time  harassed  by  internal  wars  and  di-  About 

the  beginning  of  the  eleventh  century  the  O'Conors,  of  the  Sil  Murray  race,  made 
hostile    incursions  into  the  western  districts  of  the  province,   where    they    sought 
to  establish  themselves  in  several  localities,  some  of  which  they  succeeded  in  wrt 
for  a  time,  from  the  ancient  possessors.     Among  the  Irish  chieftain-,  even  to  a  late 
period,  it  was  considered  a  sacred  duty  which  they  owed  themselves  and   their  .. 
tors  to  preserve  their  rights  and  hereditary  possessions  inviolate  and  entire 
aggressors  ;  hence  these  encroachments  of  the  O'Conors  occasioned  violent  disputes 
and  conflicts  between    them  and   the  Muintir   Murchadha  or    O'Flaherties,    which 
continued  for  more  than  a  century  after  this  period.    To  similar  territorial  ag  \ 
maybe  attributed  many  of  the  unexplained  local  outrages  which  stain  our  ann 

In  A.  D.  1014,  the  prince  of  the  Muintir  Murchadha  and  Murtagh  (.('Cadhla,  chief 
of  Conmhaicne-mara,  joined  the  standard  of  Brian  Borumha,  and  both  fell   in    the 


nl  Four  Masters.  See  those  Annals,  at  A.  D.  971, 
for  the  devastations  committed  in  Connaught  by 
Murcha  O'Flaherty,  i.  e.  Glunillar,  King  of  Aileach. 
Care  must  here  be  taken  not  to  confound  the  O'Fla- 
herties of  Connaught  with  those  of  the  same  name  in 
the  North  of  Ireland,  who  were  of  the  Hy-Niall  race. 
In  A.  D.  1206,  Flaherty  O'Flaherty,  of  this  family, 
was  prior   of  Dungiven,  in  the  present  county  of 

Deny Four  Masters.  The  descendants  of  the  name 

are  now  invariably  called  Lafferty  or  Laverty,  in  the 
North  of  Ireland,  where  they  were  numerous. 

"  This  is  related  by  the  Four  Masters,  as  follows  : 
"  A.  D.  990,  Gn^cter  00  ]Hoca6  lnp  loco 
Oimbe  co  hobanc  in  aon  ucnp,  con  a- 
0|ieic  ajiir-  r-onnac,  .1.  cpicac    qiai^eo. 


A  great  wind  swallowed  the  island  of  I. 
suddenly  in  one  hoar,  with  it*  habitation  and  cir- 
cular wall,  which  was  thirty  feet"  TLi-  laki  b 
called  Lough  Hackett     It  i>  atnate  in  the  count* 
of   Galway,    betwi  I  adford   and 

Shroel 

"  Tigi-niai.il.  ad  an.  994 — Maolcarerd,  Four  M 
A.  D.  993. 

p  Ann.  Inisf..  by  Doctor  O'Conor.  at  A.  1 1 
i  See  the  "  Annals  of  Innisfalkn."  compi;. 
John  Conn-,  and  preserved  in  the  Lihrarv  of  Tri- 
nity  College,    Dublin,  at   A.  D.  988.      Tbea 
nals  are  of  modern  compilation  ;  and  their  chrono- 
logy varies  considerably  from  the  common  era.  par- 
ticularly about  this  period. 


367 

celebrated  battle  of  Clontarf r.  Muiredhach  O'Flaherty  was  slain  by  the  Connacians5, 
and  his  son  Murchadh  soon  after  died'.  The  island  of  Lough  Kime,  the  principal  resi- 
dence of  the  Muintir  Murchadha,  was  taken  and  destroyed  by  the  King  of  Connaught" ; 
and  Muredach  O'Flaherty,  prince  of  Hy-Briuin  SeolaT,  Murchadh  an  chapaill  O'Flaherty, 
and  Niall,  son  of  Murges,  presumptive  heirs  of  Iar-Connaught,  were  slain".  A.  D.  105), 
Amhailgadh,  son  of  Cathal,  son  of  Eory,  the  then  prince,  had  his  eyes  put  out  by  Aodh, 
or  Hugh,  surnamed  an  jar  Beapnai  j,  or  of  the  broken  spear,  King  of  Connaught,  who 
thereupon  established  his  rule  over  these  western  districts" ;  but  he  was  soon  after 
expelled  by  the  Muintir  Murchadha,  who  regained  Lough  Orbsen,  which  was  then 
considered  of  importance  by  the  contending  parties.  This  petty  but  destructive 
warfare  continued  with  unabated  virulence  for  many  years,  during  which  several 
chiefs  were  put  to  death  on  both  sides ;  at  length  Ruaidhri,  or  Roderick,  surnamed 
na  poije  buioe,  of  the  yellow  hound,  King  of  Connaught,  was  taken  prisoner  by 
Flaherty  O'Flaherty,  who  treacherously  and  unjustly,  say  the  Annalists,  caused  the 
king's  eyes  to  be  put  outy,  upon  which  he  was  dethroned.  Flaherty  then  conferred 
the  sovereignty  of  Connaught  on  Hugh  O'Conor,  from  whom  he  received  back  his 
own  hereditary  possessions  of  Moy-Seolaz.  But  he  did  not  long  enjoy  the  fruits  of 
his  success,  for  he  fell  soon  after  by  the  hand  of  the  assassin,  in  revenge  for  his  cruel 
treatment  of  King  Roderick.  His  death  is  thus  recorded  by  the  Four  Masters  : 
"  Goip  Cp.  1098,  piaicbepcac  ua  piaicBepcaicc,  cijepna  pi  TDuipeaoaij  ajup 
lapcaip-Connacc,  00  mapBao  00  miiaDuSan  ua  Cuanna,  1  cctonaib  oallca  Ruaiopi 
ui  ConcoBaip,  .1.  teuaibpi  na  poioe  bui6e,  pijr,  Connacc.  Gpoo  bliaoain  baip  piair- 
bepcaicc  aopuBpao."     Flaherty  O'Flaherty,  lord  of  Sil  Murray  and  Iar-Connaught, 

was 

r  Id.   Neither  the  Four  Masters,  nor  the  older  An-  against  the  laws  of  hospitality,  when  the  victim  was 

nalists,  enumerate  the  above  chiefs  among  the  slain  his  guest,  and  under  the  protection  of  his  roof,  a  crime 

in  this  battle.  inexpiable  in  Ireland.     This  barbarous  custom  was, 

*  Id.  however,  frequent  here,  and  in  the  neigbouring  coun- 

1  Ann.  Inisf.,  by  O'Conor.  tries.    See  addition  to  Hist,  of  Wales,  by  Caradoc  of 

"  Id.  Llancarvan,  at  A.  D.  1125. 

'  Ann.  Inisf.  by    Conry.     Tigernach   adds,   "  by  *  Four  Mast.  A.  D.  1097  ;  who  add  "  ajupcen- 

treachery."  nuF   Hluipeaoaij  00  jabBail  00  pioipi, 

w  Four  Masters,  A.  D.  1036.  and  he  again  obtained  the  principality  of  Sil  Mui- 

x  Tigernach.  readhaigh."  This,  although  repeated  more  than  once, 

y  Ann.  Ulton.,  A.  D.  1092.    The  Annals  of  Inisf.,  is  supposed  to  be  a  mistake  of  the  Annalists.      Mac 

by  Conry,  ut  supra,  inveigh  severely  against  O'Fla-  Geoghegan,  in  his  translation  of  the  Annals  ofClon- 

herty  for  this  barbarous  act,  committed  against  his  macnoise,  styles  this  Flaherty  "  Prince  of  Silmorey." 

sovereign  lord,  who  was  sponsor  for  four  of  O'Flaher-  But  the  Annals  of  Ulster  call  him  "  King  of  West 

ty's  children  ;  but,  above  all,  that  it  was  perpetrated  Connaught"  only  ;    and  state  that  he  was    put  to 


368 


was  killed  by  Madudan  Madden  O'Cuana,  in  revenge  for  his  foster-child"  Roderick 
O  Conor,  i.  e.  Roderick  of  the  yellow  hound,  King  of  Connaught.  Of  tin-  year  of  big 
death  the  poet  sung  as  follows:  — 


"  Ode  mbliaona  nocac  ap  rhile, 
O  £ein  mic  Oe  oaic-nepcaijj, 

Ni  pjel  pap  oct  ip  oepb  oeimin, 
Co  bap  peioil  piaicbepcaicc." 


Eight  years,  ninety  and  one  thousand, 
From  the  birth   of  the  -  d,  all 

strengthening. 
It  is  no  vain  story,  but  i-  truly  certain. 
'Till  the  death  of  the  faithful  Flahertach. 


This  chieftain  appears  to  have  acquired  considerable:  power  and  influence,  and  to 
have  taken  a  leading  part  in  the  affairs  of  Connaught.  He  effectually  resisted  the 
O'Conors,  and  put  an  end  to  their  incursions  on  his  territory.  To  his  time  ha- 
assigned  the  following  description  of  Hy-Briuin  Seola,  which  contains  an  acct 
the  chiefs  subordinate  to  O'Flaherty,  and  their  possessions,  with  the  principal  officers 
of  his  establishment,  and  the  lands  which  they  held  for  the  performance  of  then 
several  duties.  This  historical  fragment  is  preserved  in  a  manuscript  of  ancient 
vellum,  in  the  library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  H.  2.  17.   p.  188. 


"  Opicaipeacc  cineoach   n-ouchapa 

niuinncipi  mupcaoa,  ajup  cloin- 

oe  Pepgaile,  7  meaopai  je,  7  hua 

6pium  eola,  7  hua  m-bpuin  para, 

7  mumncipi  Pacaij;a  caipeac,  7 

a   n-apo   mac   n-ojlac,  7  a  n-ol- 

loman. 

.1.  O  h-Gllmupun  caipeac  cecpi  m- 

baile  picec  Cloinoi  Pepjaili ;  7  Dipein  hi 

Gnculi,  7  hi  pepjupa  popa-caim.    ITIac 

Cinnjamain  7  mac  Qrapnai  j,  ou  caipeac 

lTleaopaijji,  cona  ppemaib  pip  ouccopa 

pein 

death  by  the  Sil  Muireadhaigh.    The  above,  how- 
ever, requires  explanation. 

a  "  The  manner  in  these  days  was  to  bring  up 
noblemen's  children,  espetiallie  their  friends  or  princes 
and  great  men's  houses,  and  for  ever  after  would  call 
them  fosters,  and  love  them  as  well  as  their  own  na- 


Tcrritories  of  the  hereditary  proprie- 
tors oi'Muintir  Murchadha  ofClan- 
fergaiL  and  Mi  ■.  and  Hy- 

Briuin  Seola,  and  Hy-Briuin  ratha, 
andMuintir  Fahy ;  their  chi    I 
and  Mac  '  Iglachs,  and  01h 

O'Halloran  is  the  chief  of  the  tire 
four   ballys  [townlands]    of   Clanfer. 
and  of  these  are  O'Antuile*  and  I 
of  Roscam.     Mac  Cingamain  and  Ma 
thamaigh  arethetwotaoisea  .rv  . 

hh^ 

tural  father." —  .1/.. ,    Co  yhtga  ■ . 

b  "  O^Antuile  .1.  6pu£uio   0  pmu  m  I 
ler)  cloinne  Peapjcnle." — Mat  Fa 

c  For  Clanft-nrail.  Koscam.  and  H 

p.  253. 


369 


pein  p uirib  pein.  O  Oaclaeic  caipeac 
ceirpi  mbaile  n-oej  hua  m-6piuin  para  ; 
7  oipein  hi  Cenoeoj,  7  hi  Dumb,  7  hi 
lnooj  Cnuic  Cuaja,  7  hi  C-aij^in  f,eac- 
caij,  7  hi  Callanain  comapba  C1II1  Ca- 
rail.  Hua  Cenoubain  ollarii  leijip  1 
plairbepcaij,  a  cuair  na  coibpineab; 
acbepac  apailehuu  Caijio.  piaichi  hua 
m-bpunneola,  cona  ppemaib.i.  hi  peicin, 
hi  6albain,  7  hi  Ouib,  7  hi  lTlaoubain.  7 
mac  ^jillijannain  o  maijleaplaino  cai- 
pi  pcuip  hi  piaicbepcaij,  7  hi  Coljon  o 
baili  hi  Col^on  50  m-bpacai£  hi  piair- 

bepcaij. 


■>  O'Dathlaoich,  "O'tDalaiJJ." BookofBal- 

lymote,  fo.  54. 

e  Cnoc  tuadh,  now  Knockdoe,  see  page  147  supra. 

f  Ui  Laidhenain,  pronounced  O'Lynan. 

3  Lackagh,  £,eacaix,  now  Lackagh,  a  town- 
land  containing  the  ruins  of  a  castle  in  a  parish  of 
the  same  name  in  the  barony  of  Clare,  and  a  short 
distance  south-east  of  the  conspicious  hill  of  Knock- 
doe See  Ordnance  map  of  Galway,  sheet  70. 

h  Kilcahil,  Cill  Carail,  i.  e.  the  church  of 
St.  Cathal.  This  is  the  name  of  an  old  church  in 
a  townland  of  the  same  name  in  the  parish  of 
Annaghdown,  in  the  same  barony,  situated  imme- 
diately to  the  left  of  the  road  as  you  go  from  Gal- 
way to  Tuam.  The  ruins  of  the  church  shew  that 
it  was  very  small.  See  Ordnance  map  of  the  County 
of  Galway,  sheet  57,  where  the  position  of  the  ruins 
of  this  church  is  shewn,  under  the  name  "  St.  Cath- 
aldus'  church." 

■  0'  Canavan,  &c.  According  to  the  tradition  in 
the  country,  the  families  of  O'Canavan  and  O'Lee 
were  hereditary  physicians  to  O'Flaherty.  There 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.  15.  2 


having  their  own  tribe  subject  to  them. 
O'Dathlaoich15  is  the  taiseach  of  the  four- 
teen ballys  of  the  Hy-Briuin  ratha  ; 
and  of  these  are  the  O'Kennedies,  and  the 
O'Duinns,  and  the  O'Innogs  of  Cnoc- 
tuadhe,  and  0'Laighinf  of  Lackagh^,  and 
O'Callanan,  comharba  of KillcahilJA  O'Ca- 
navan1, medical  ollamh  of  O'Flaherty,  in 
Tuath  na  d-Toibrineadh,  but  others  say 
thatO'Laighidh  [O'Zee5].  The  chiefs  of  Hy- 
Briuin-Seola,  with  their  correlatives,  are 
O'Fechin,  O'Balbhain,  O'Duff,  and  O'Ma- 
dudhain,MacGilla  Gannain  of  Moyleaslainn 
is  master  of  the  horse  of  O'Flaherty.  The 
O'Colgans  of  Bally-Colgank  are  the  stan- 
dard-bearers of  O'Flaherty.  Mac  Ginnain  is 

the 

was  a  Dr.  Canavan,  the  lineal  descendant  of  O'Fla- 
herty's  physicians,  in  constant  attendance  on  the 
house  of  Lemonfleld  about  sixty  years  ago. 

J  O'Lee.  For  an  eccentric  physician  of  this  name, 
see  p.  78,  supra.  In  Duald  Mac  Firbis's  copy  of 
this  tract  the  reading  is,  Pud  ceanoubuin  7 
hua  £.01516  leaja  lTluincipe  ITIupcaoa  7 
Ua  Ctilella,  7  do  Uuair  na  ocoibpineao 
mo;  uoeip  leabap  ele  Hi  piairbeap- 
caij,  i.  e.  "O'Canavan  and  O'Lee  are  the  physi- 
cians of  Muintir  Murchadha  and  of  Hy-Ailella,  and 
they  are  of  the  tribe  of  Tuath-na-d-Toibrineadh. 
Another  book  says  of  O'Flaherty" — [i.  e.  another 
book  calls  O'Canavan  and  O'Lee  the  physicians  of 
O'Flaherty,  instead  of  calling  them  physicians  of 
Muintir-Miirchadha,  &c] 

k  Bally- Colgan,  ba\itt  Ui  Choljain,  i.  e. 
O'Colgan's  town.  This  place  retains  its  name  to  the 
present  day,  and  is  a  townland  now  divided  into 
two  parts,  called  Ballycolgan  Upper  and  Bally  - 
colgan  Lower,  situated  in  the  parish  of  Kilkilvery, 
near  Headford,  in  the  barony  of  Clare. 

B 


37° 


bepcat^.  JTIeic  Cinnam  comapba  Cilli 
Cuana,  7  hi  maelampaill  Dorhnai^ 
Pacpaic  bpecemain  hi  piaicbepcai^.  hi 
Cleipceain  o  pair  buiob,  conu  m-baili. 
Hi  f>aebucain,  7  hi  ITlaelin  oipcinnio 
Cilli  ceilbili.  Pli  t)ubain  o  cluuin  ai, 
luce  comioeacca  hi  plaiebepcai^  cum 
a  ciji  coiccinn.  Hi  TTleaUai^  o  CiU 
manac  ajjjup  o  CiU  nu  cuilan  cai- 
paij5  605051,  cona  ppeamaiB  oucupa.  H-l 
Oopijean,  7  hi  Caiceapaij  on  6eicij, 
cona  ppeamaib  oucupa.  O  h-Ginjli  o 
oaipe  1  Qinjli  cona  baili.  TTlac  6eolain 
o  CiU  leaBaip  oipcmeac  cluij  ouib  pa- 
cpaic, 

'  Kilcoona,  Clll  Cuana,  i-  e.  St.  Cuana'- 
church,  a  well-known  parish,  situated  to  the  south- 
east of  Headford,  in  the  same  barony. 

"'  0' Maelampaill.  This  name  is  written 
O'TTlaoilpabuill  in  Dual!  .Mac  Firbis's  copy 
of  this  tract.  The  name  is  still  extant,  but  pro- 
nounced O'Mullawill,  and  sometimes  anglicised  La- 
velle.  According  to  the  tradition  in  the  barony  of 
Murrisk,  or  Iar-Umhall,  this  family  is  of  Danish 
descent,  but  this  tradition  does  not  appear  entitled 
to  much  credit. 

"  Donaghpatrick,  Domnais  pacpaij.  i.e. 
of  St.  Patrick's  church.  This  is  the  name  of  a  parish 
in  the  north  of  the  barony  of  Clare.  Its  original 
church  stands  in  ruins  near  the  margin  of  Lough 
Hackett,  which  is  the  Loch  Cime  of  the  old  Irish 
writers. 

0  Rath-Buidhbh,  pronounced  Rd-icetv.  now  Raf- 
wee,  a  townland  in  the  parish  of  Killeany,  in  the 
barony  of  Clare.     See  Ordnance  map,  sheet  56. 

p  Cill-Cillbile,  now  Kilkilvery.  a  well-known 
parish  in  the  barony  of  Clare,  containing  the  town 
of  Ath-mic-Cing,  or  Headford. 

1  Cluain-ai,  q.  Cloneen?,  in  the  parish  of  Killeany. 
'   Kilnamanagh,   CiU  na  manac,  i.e.  church 


the    comharba   of  Kilcoona'.      O'Maelam- 
paillm  of  Donaghpatrick"  is   the    brehon 
[judge] of O'Flaherty.  O'Cleircinof  Kath- 
buidhbh".    O'Laebacain    and    O'Maoilin 
are  the  Erenachs  of  Cill-Cillbilep.      . 
O'Dubhaiis  \_(fl)iianeg]  of  Cluain-ai"  are 
the  attendants  of  O'Flaherty  at  his   1 
mon  house.     The  CMeallaigfas  of  Kilna- 
rnaiiaghrand  ofKillnaC'ailansare  the<  I 
of  Bogogi,  with  their  correlative-.   I  '  I 
egan,  and  O'Caitheasaigh.  from  Beithcach' 
\JBeagh~\,  with  their  correlative-.  O'Hain- 
gliu  of  Derry  Aingli  with  his  bally. 
Beolan,  of  KilLower*,  is  the  keey«-r  of  the 

black 

of  the  monks,  a  townland  containing  the  ruii. 
small  abbey,  situated  to  the  north  of  Long 
in  the  parish  of  Donaghpatrick.  in  the  n 
same  barony.     See  Ordnance  map.  sheet  44. 

•   Kill  na  Cattan,  now  obsolete. 

'   Beitheack,   i.  e.  land  abounding  in  birch  . 
Beagh,  in  the  parish  of  Kilcoona,  in  the  same  ba- 
rony   Th>  r  6aile  Ua  Charapai^. 
i.  e.  O'Casey'e  town,  in  the  same  parish. 

"    O'HainglL     This  i-   probably  the  nann 
anglicised  O'llanlv.     A  family  of  the  nam-   >till  re- 
sides at  Kilroe,  in  this  vicinity,  and  is  opulent  and 
table.     There  is  a  m<  1  I  family  of 

1 )' Hainlidltt:  or  O'Hanlv,  who  wen-  chi 
Dofa,   situated  between  Slieve  Bawn  and 
mm.  in  the  county  of  Kosconimon. 

1  KUluuer.  CiU  Ceubaip,  L  e.  the  chnv 
the  li.vk.  a  parish  situated  in  the  north-east 
barony  of  Clare.  Tin  black  bell  of  St-  Patrick  after- 
ward- passed  into  the  family  of  Geraghty.  and  was 
for  ages  exhibited  to  the  pilgrims  by  that  fam: 
Domlmaih  Crohn  Puibh.   or  Garland   Sunday,  on 
the  mountain  of  Croaghpatrick.  where  it  was  held 
in  the  highest  veneration.     It  was  in  the  possession 
of  a  branch  of  this   family  who   lived     . 


371 


cpaie,  cona  baili.  hi  Ooijin  7  1  Ou- 
bain  oipcinij  Cilli  huppa,  cona  mbaili 
leo,  7  Do  aipcin  puppa  1  Oubuin.  Oleic 
Cilli  cellaij;  ollamdin  hi  plaicbepcaijj 
a  pencup  7  a  pilioecc,  co  cpi  leacbailcib 
leo  oon  leicpin  .1.  Ceannopoma,  7  Ctc 
cino,  7  Caraip  na  hailiji  a  ceneal  m- 
6uicm.  O  Oomnall  na  h-Gpopaca  cai- 
peac  comoil  hi  piaicbepcaij,  cona  peim 
oucupa  pein  pai  1.  o  t)aijean  apoa  pm- 
cainn  paccaipi  1  tDomnaill,  7  hi  Chici- 
pain  o  lip  Cicapain,  7  hi  Conlaccna  o- 
baili  hi  Conlaccna.  6eacaooip  hi  piaic- 
bepcaij   1  n-6ocaill  7  baili  1  Con- 
laccna. 7  hi  Chooil  o  baili  1  Chooil,  hi 
maelmumi  o  baili  1  lTlaelmuini,  7  o  ac 
mic  cino  50  loc  a  n-oucaij  pin.  hipci- 
nec  Raca  hinoile  .1.  o  f,eaccapjaip  con- 

beacmaib 


near  Ballinrobe,  in  the  county  of  Mayo,  in  the  year 
1837,  but  it  is  said  to  be  now  in  the  possession  of 
one  of  this  family  who  removed  to  the  town  of  Cas- 
tlebar.  It  is  generally  believed  that  this  bell  was 
originally  of  pure  silver,  but  that  it  was  rendered 
black  by  its  contact  with  the  demons  on  Croagh- 
patrick,  when  the  apostle  of  Ireland  was  expelling 
them  thence. 

w  O'Dubhain,  now  O'Duane.  The  O'Duanes  and 
O'Lees,  in  the  thirteenth  century,  crossed  lough  Orb- 
sen  with  the  O'Flaherties.  Some  respectable  descen  - 
dants  of  these  old  families  still  reside  in  Iar-Con- 
naught. 

"  Killursa,  Clll  Phuppa,  i-  e.  St.  Fursey's 
church,  a  parish  forming  the  north-western  portion 
of  the  barony  of  Clare.  The  western  portion  of  the 
old  church  of  this  parish  is  of  extreme  antiquity. 

1  Ceann-droma,  i  e.  head  of  the  long  lull,  or  ridge. 

3B 


black  bell  of  St.  Patrick,  with  his  bally. 
0'Dubhainw  are  the  Erenachs  of  Killur- 
sa", with  their  bally  (and  St.  Fursa  cursed 
O'Dubhain).  The  Mac  KilkeUys  are 
the  ollamhs  of  O'Flaherty  in  history  and 
poetry ;  and  for  this  they  have  three  half 
ballys,  which  are  Ceann-dromay,  Athacind2, 
and  Cathair-na-hailighia  in  Ceneal  m-bui- 
thin.  O'Domhnaill  of  Ardratha  is  the 
master  of  the  feast  of  O'Flaherty,  with  his 
own  correlatives  under  him,  viz.,  O'Dai- 
gean  of  Ard-Fintainb,  who  was  O'Domh- 
naill's  reach taire  [steward],  and  O'Chichea- 
ran  of  Lis-chicheran,  and  O'Conlachtna  of 
Bally-conlachtna  are  the  keepers  of  the 

bees  of  O'Flaherty in  Eochaill  and 

Bally-conlachtnac.  O'Chodil  of  Bally- 
codil,  O'Maelmuine  of  Ballymaelmuine  ; 
and  from  Ath  mic  Cinn  to  the  laked  their 
country  extends.     O'Leathcargais  is  the 

Erenach 

This  name  is  now  obsolete. 

z  Athacind,  now  Headford,  a  well-known  town 
in  the  parish  of  Kilkilvery,  in  the  barony  of  Clare. 

a  Cathair-na-hailighi,  now  Cahemally,  situated 
to  the  south-west  of  the  town  of  Headford,  in  the 
parish  of  Killursa.  The  original  cathair,  or  Cyclo- 
pean stone  fort,  from  which  this  townland  derived  its 
name,  is  still   in  existence,  in  tolerable  preservation. 

b  Ard-Finntain,  i.  c.  Finntan's  eminence,  or  hill, 
now  Ardfintan,  a  townland  in  the  west  of  the  said 
parish  of  Killursa. 

c  Bally-conlachtna,  6aile  111  Conlaccna, 
i.  e.  O'Conlachtna's  town,  now  Ballyconlaght,  in  the 
parish  of  Cargins,  hi  the  barony  of  Clare.  See  Ord- 
nance map,  sheet  55. 

d  From  Ath  mic  Cinn  to  the  lake,  i.  e.  from 
Headford  westwards  to  Lough  Corrib.  This  district, 
which  was,  at  the  period  of  the  writer  of  this  tract, 


372 

oeacmaiD  hi  phlairbepcai^  leip.     hua  Erenach  of  Rathhindile,  and  he  has  the 

ITIuipjile    o   muine-inpaouin,    apopac-  tithes    of    O'Flaherty.       O'Murgaile    of 

cuipe  hi  phluicbeprai^.  O  ITIuelbinoi  on  Muinne-in-radain    is     the    Ardrachtaire* 

repmano.i.bailicolu  leip.  bit)uac7  hi  of  O'Flaherty.     O'.Maelbindi  of  the  ter- 

Dujoaonaopomaib.    hi  Paoapcaijcui-  mon  has  Bally- Coluf.  O'DuachandO'Dagda 

r'5  ceirpi  maili  oec  mumncipi   purai£,  of  the  Drums.     O'Faharty  is  chief 

cona  pooalcaib,  7  cona  ppeamuib  pipou-  fourteen  townlands  of  Muintir-Fahy*,  with 

caper  pein  puicib."  their  correlatives  under  them". 

The  foregoing  curious  and,  perhaps  at  the  present  day,  unique  description  of  the  es- 
tablishment and  dependencies  of  an  Irish  chieftain,  previously  to  the  twelfth  century. 
developes  a  state  of  society,  as  then  existing  in  Ireland,  very  different  from  the 
feudal  system,  which,  at  the  time,  prevailed  over  the  greatest  part  of  Europe.  The 
evils  of  that  system,  which  are  described  by  all  the  writers  on  those  times  as  insup- 
portable, were  never  felt  in  Ireland.  Almost  the  whole  of  Europe  was  divided  into 
small  societies  ;  a  few  towns  formed  a  petty  state,  and  these  states  were  continually 
at  war  with  each  other.  There  were  no  high  roads,  nor  any  security  f<>r  merchants, 
who  were  plundered,  and  often  murdered,  by  the  lords  and  chatellains;  whose  1 
and  towers,  on  the  banks  of  rivers,  and  in  mountain  passes,  were  little  better  than 
dens  of  robbers.     Murders,  rapines,  and  disorders  of  every  kind,  prevailed  to  such  a 

d(-L 


divided  into  ballybetaghs,  called  after  the  famili.  ■-  ol 
O'Codel  and  O'Maelmuine,  is  now  divided  into  mi- 
nute denominations,  and  the  names  of  the  large  bal- 
lybetaghs are  forgotten. 

e  Ardrachtaire,  i.  e.  head  steward 

1  Baile-  Colu.-  -There  is  a  townland  of  this  name 
close  to  the  southern  boundary  of  the  barony  of  Clare. 

?  Muintir-Fahy — These  names  are  still  found 
widely  interspersed  over  the  country,  but,  like  the 
generality  of  the  old  Irish  families,  they  are  mostly 
reduced  to  a  state  of  poverty. 

h  See  ante,  p.  130,  for  the  regal  establishment  of 
the  Kings  of  Connaught,  which  subsisted  at  the 
same  time  with  that  of  their  subordinate  chieftain 
O'Flaherty.  We  find  in  Scotland  the  same  clan 
system,  derived  from  the  Irish ;  but  there  it  conti- 
nued to  a  later  period  than  even  in  the  parent  coun- 
try. Martin,  in  his  Description  of  the  Western  Islands, 


already  quoted,  lia-  preserved  same  "f  the  charac- 
teristics of  this  very  u  i»,_ 
scribing  the  old  and  modern  ensbms  of  the  i?la: 
he  tells  us  (p.  124.  fcc.):  ■•  At  the  first  plantation 
of  the  isles,  all  matters  were  managed  bv  tsj 
authority  of  heads  of  tribes,  called  in  Irish  Thiarna. 
The  chieftain  was  usually  attended  with  a  retinue  of 
young  men  of  quality,  with  whom  it  was  usual  to 
make  a  desperate  incursion  upon  some  neighbour 
that  they  were  in  feud  with,  and  to  force  his  cattle, 
or  die  in  the  attempt  This,  he  adds,  was  not  con- 
sidered robbery  ;  for  it  was  usually  followed  by  reta- 
liation. When  the  chief  entered  on  the  government 
of  the  clan,  he  was  placed  on  a  pyramid  of  stones,  a 
white  rod  was  delivered  to  him.  and  the  chief  Dnrid 
or  orator  pronounced  a  stimulating  panegyric  on 
the  ancient  pedigree,  valour,  and  liberality  of  the 
family;   all  which  lie  proposed  to  the  young  chief- 


373 

degree,  that  the  social  compact  was  nearly  dissolved.  But  in  Ireland,  although  war- 
fare between  the  clans  was  prevalent  and  violent,  yet  the  laws  were  obeyed,  and 
individual  safety  so  much  respected  that,  we  are  told,  a  young  maiden,  bearing  a 
wand  with  a  ring  of  gold  on  the  top  of  it,  traversed  the  island  without  fear  of  being 
molested.  This  illustration  is,  doubtless,  overcharged,  but  the  subordination  which 
it  was  intended  to  illustrate  is  unquestionable1.  M.  Guizot,  in  his  General  History  of 
Civilization  in  Europe,  after  alluding  to  the  feudal  and  patriarchal  states  of  society, 
thus  describes  the  clan  system  of  Ireland  :  "  Un  autre  systeme  de  famille  se  presente, 
le  clan,  petite  societe  dont  ll  faut  chercher  le  type  en  Ecosse,  en  Irlande,  et  par 
laquelle  probablement  un  grande  portion  du  monde  Europeen  a  passe.  Ceci  n'est 
plus  la  famille  patriarcale.  II  y  a  une  grande  diversite  de  situation  entre  le  chef  et 
le  reste  de  la  population ;  il  ne  mene  point  la  meme  vie :  la  plupart  cultivent  et 
servent :  lui,  il  est  oisif  et  guerrier.  Mais  leur  origine  est  commune ;  ils  portent 
tous  le  meme  nom ;  des  rapports  de  parente,  d'anciennes  traditions,  les  memes  sou- 
venirs, des  affections  pareilles  etablissent  entre  tous  les  membres  du  clan  un  lien 
moral,  une  sorte  d'egalite.  Voila  les  deux  principaux  types  de  la  societe  de  famille 
que  presente  l'histoire.  Est-ce  la,  je  vous  le  demande,  la  famille  feodale  ?  Evidem- 
ment  nonj."  But  upon  this  state  of  society  in  Ireland,  the  feudal  system  was  suddenly 
obtruded  in  the  twelfth  century  ;  and  it  was  quite  impossible  that,  from  two  such 
opposite  political  elements  any  other  results  could  have  followed  than  those  which  are 

familiar 

tain  for  imitation.     The  chiefs  had  fixed  officers  to  of  the  Irish  chiefs  "  carried  the  title  of  King,"  which 

attend  them  upon  all  occasions.    Sir  Donald  Mac-  was  never  assumed  in  Scotland.     After  a  series  of 

donald  had  his  principal  standard-bearer,  and  quar-  struggles  for  centuries,  the  clan   system  at  length 

termaster.      Every  chieftain   had  a  bold   armour-  sunk  in  Ireland  under  the  superior  power  of  the 

bearer,  called  Galloglach :  also  a  cup-bearer,  purse-  Anglo-Norman  feudalists  of  England 
bearer,     steward,    physician,    orator,    poet,     bard,  »  And  it  probably  explains  the  reason,  why  some  of 

musician,    smith,    piper,    &c.      Before   battle,   the  the  early  Anglo-Norman  adventurers  passed  so  easi- 

Druid  harangued  the  army,  after  which  they  gave  ly,    without   molestation,    over  several  districts   of 

a  general  shout,  and  charged  the  enemy.    The  drink-  Ireland,  before  the  unsuspecting  natives  were  aware 

ing  bouts  were  attended  by  a  cup-bearer  ;    and  two  of  their  hostile  intentions See  Statute  of  Kilkenny, 

men  with  barrows  attended  punctually  to  carry  away  published  by  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society.    A.  D. 

those  who  got  drunk.     The  chieftains  bestowed  the  1843,  p.  35,  Note  v. 

cow's  head,  feet,  and  all  the  entrails,  upon  their  de-  J   Quatrieme   lecon "  Another   family   system 

pendants ;    such   as  the  physicians,    orator,    poet,  offers  itself,  the  clans,  a  sort  of  petty  associations  of 

bard,  musicians,  &c."     This  description  is  probably,  which  the  type  is  to  be  foimd  in  Scotland  and  Ire- 

so  far  as  it  extends,  a  picture  of  the  Clan  system  land,  through  which,  in  all  probability,  a  great  por- 

which    prevailed   in    the  greatest   part  of  Ireland  tion  of  the  European  world  has  passed.     This  was 

until   the   seventeenth    century.     The  most  potent  very  different  from  the  patriarchal  family.     There 


374 


familiar  to  all  acquainted  with  our  melancholy  history  since  that  period.  We  may 
therefore  conclude  that  the  future  historian  of  Ireland,  keeping  this  great  distinction 
in  view,  will  be  able  to  present  the  hitherto  misunderstood  annals  of  this  island  in  a 
different  light  from  that  in  which  they  have  hitherto  appeared  to  the  world,  and 
thereby  add  an  important,  nay  even  an  instructive  page  to  the  history  of  mankind. 

The  twelfth  century,  the  most  memorable  of  Irish  history,  opened  on  the  province  of 
Connaught  with  dissensions  and  wars,  between  it  and  the  princes  and  people  of  Monster. 
In  A.  D.  1117,  a  battle  was  fought  between  Brian,  son  of  Morogh  O'Flahertv.  joined 
by  the  sons  of  Cathal  O'Conor  and  the  Connaught  fore  •  TorlogL.  rmod 

O'Brien,  King  of  Munster  and  the  Dalcassians,  in  which  the  latter  were  defeated  with 
great  slaughter.  The  Dalcassians  took  the  held  a  second  time,  beaded  by  Dermod 
himself,  and  crossed  the  borders  of  Connaught.  They  laid  waste  the  territories  of 
Hy-Briuin  and  Hy-Fiachrach ;  but  the  Connacians,  under  the  command  .fCathal 
O'Conor  and  Brian  O'Flaherty,  routed  them  in  a  second  battle,  pursued  them  as  far 
as  the  mountains  of  Echtghek  and  Burren,  and  destroyed  considerable  numbers  in  the 
pursuit'.  Turlough  O'Conor,  King  of  Connaught,  soon  alter  marched  with  an  army 
into  Munster,  and  destroyed  Kincoradh  the  residence  of  tin    I  Munster.      He 

then  proceeded  to  Desmond,  burned  Cashel  and  Lismore,  and  destroyed  the  u-rnien 
land  of  the  latter.  Connor  O'Brien,  King  of  Munster.  met  him  in  battle  near  Ardfinan, 
and  gained  a  signal  victory ;  in  which  Mureadhach  O'Flaherty.  prince  of  Iar-COunaught, 
Hugh  O'Heyne,  lord  of  Hy-Fiachrach  Aidhne.  O'Lorcan.  and  many  other  nul 
Connaught,  were  slainm.  A  strong  castle  was  built  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  Gaillimh 
(Galway),   where   Flann  and  Giolla-Riabhach,   tin-    sons   of   Anslis  O'Hej 

asly 


existed  an  important  distinction  between  the  situa- 
tions of  the  chiefandthe  rest  of  the  population  :  they 
did  not  lead  the  same  life,  the  greater  part  tilled  and 
served,  whilst  the  chief  was  an  idler  and  a  warrior. 
But  they  had  a  common  origin,  and  they  all  bore  the 
same  name;  whilst  relations  of  kindred,  old  tradi- 
tions, identity  in  recollections,  and  feelings  of  attach- 
ment, established  a  moral  tie,  a  sort  of  equality, 
amongst  all  the  members  of  the  clan.  These  are  the 
two  principal  types  of  family  association  that  history 
supplies.  But  do  they  contain  the  feudal  family? 
Certainly  not.''  Perhaps,  in  one  respect  only,  there 
was  a  similarity  between  the  clan  population  and 
the  feudal  serfs ;  which  cannot  be  better  expressed 
than  in  the  words  of  the  same  talented  and  eloquent 


historian  :  "  II  n'y  avail  pour  cette  imputation  point 
de  soeiete  generate :  son  existence  etait  purement 
locale.  Hers  da  territoire  qu'ils  habitaient.  les 
colons  n'avaient  a  faire  a  personne.  ne  tenaient  a  per- 
1 1  a  rien.  11  n'y  avait  |*ur  em  point  de  des- 
tiiu-e  commune,  point  de  patrie  commone  ;  i  • 
fonnaient  point  un  peuple." — Id. 

k   No«    ca  Aughty.    or  more   tvrruptly 

Boughtn.     Tlii?  is  a  range  of  mountains.  I 
hvay  i    nun .  on  the  confines  of  CI.. 

1  Four  Mast.  A.  D.  1137. 

■  Id.  and  ••  Law  of  Tanistry  illustrated."  by 
Doctor  O'Brien,  in  Vallancey's  Collect,  vol  I.  p. 
562,  Ed.  Dub.  177o. 


375 

treacherously  killed  by  Conor  O'Flaherty;  who  was  himself  slain  in  a  battle 
fought  near  Athlone,  in  A.  D.  1132,  between  the  Kings  of  Munster  and  Connaught, 
in  which  the  latter  was  defeated  with  great  slaughter".  The  newly  erected  castle  at 
the  Gaillimh  was  thereupon  destroyed ;  and  Flaherty  O'Flaherty  was  slain  by  the  sons 
of  Loghlin  O'Loghlin,  in  revenge  for  the  death  of  their  father.  The  entire  of 
Connaught  was  laid  waste  from  the  river  Drowes  to  the  Shannon,  and  to  the  southern 
mountains  of  Echtghe.  Torlogh  O'Conor  fled  into  Iar-Connaught,  where  he  was 
pursued  by  the  O'Briens ;  who  plundered  the  territory,  taking  a  prey  of  a  thousand 
cows,  and  destroying  the  fort  at  the  Gaillimh".  Aodh  (Hugh)  O'Cadhla  (O'Kealy), 
prince  of  Conrnhaicne-mara,  [Conamara],  was  killed  by  his  own  clanp.  The  province 
was  again  miserably  ravaged  by  the  Momonians,  and  Roderic  O'Flaherty,  with  other 
persons  of  distinction,  was  slain11.  Torlogh  O'Brien  a  second  time  spread  devasta- 
tion over  the  country  of  O'Flaherty,  where  he  seized  great  preys  of  cattle  (bopairhe 
mop)  ;  and  in  his  progress,  prostrated  the  fortification  at  the  Gaillimh,  (muippuc  oun 
n-jaillriie)  in  which  latter  exploit,  one  of  his  principal  chieftains,  O'Loghlin  of  Cor- 
comroe,  was  drownedr.  Having  now  arrived  at  the  middle  of  the  twelfth  century, 
it  is  time  to  close  this  appalling  paragraph  of  outrage  and  crime;  which  must  have 
proved  as  disagreeable  to  the  reader  to  peruse,  as  it  has  been  revolting  to  the  editor 
to  narrate.  But  the  histories  of  all  nations  are  made  up  of  similar  details.  Thus, 
while  we  find  the  Irish  engaged  in  the  work  of  mutual  destruction;  we  must  remem- 
ber that  the  surrounding  nations  were  at  the  same  time  similarly  employed.  To  go 
no  farther  for  examples  than  to  the  neighbouring  Welsh  and  Saxons — what  appalling 
instances  of  human  destruction  do  we  not  meet  with  in  every  page  of  their  ensan- 
guined annals.  The  historian5  of  the  latter  people,  shrunk  from  the  narrative  of  their 
petty  broils,  which  he  compared  to  the  battles  of  kites  and  crows;  and  considered 
them  too  insignificant  for  a  place  in  history.  Some  writers  on  Irish  affairs  have 
explained  succeeding  disasters,  as  punishments  inflicted  by  Providence  on  the  nation 
for  "  their  old  accursed  feuds,  their  convulsions,  violences,  rapine,  oppressions,  revenge, 
their  spilling  of  one  another's  blood  to  death1."  But  another  solution  may,  perhaps, 
be  discovered  in  this  eternal  maxim,  that  "a  nation  divided  against  itself  cannot 
stand;"  and  that  maxim  will  be  found  verified  in  the  pages  of  Irish  history. 

Torlogh  O'Conor,  Monarch  of  Ireland  and  King  of  Connaught,  towards  the  close 

of 

"  Id.  and  Law  of  Tanistry,  utantea,  p.  565.  of  the  Royal  Society,  Dublin,  it  is  stated  that  he  was 

0  Four  Mast.  A.  D.  1117.  killed  by  O'Hogan  of  Munster. 

v  Id.  A.  D.  1139.  r  Four  Mast.  A.  D.  1150. 

'i  Id.  et  Inisf.  ad  an.    1145.     In  some  extracts  s  Milton, 

from  "  Annales  Anonymi,"  preserved  in  the  library  '  Walsh's  Prospect,  p.  307. 


376 


of  his  long  and  turbulent  reign,  projected  a  maritime  expedition  against  the  northern 
parts  of  his  dominions.  This  was,  perhaps,  the  greatest  national  armament  witnessed 
before  or  since  that  time  in  Ireland.  The  fleet  consisted  of  the  ships  of  the  Dun  or  fort  of 
Galway,  and  of  Conmhaicne-mara;  those  of  the  CVMalleys  of  the  Umhaill-  [the  Owles\ 
who  were  long  considered  the  best  mariners  of  Ireland";  and  those  of  the  territories 
of  Tirawly  and  Hy-Fiachrach,  all  in  the  west  and  north-west  of  Connanght.  Over  this 
fleet,  Cosnamhach  O'Dowda  was  appointed  commander  or  admiral:  and  a  pred 
descent  was  made  on  the  territories  of  Tirconnell  and  Inishowen.  The  Kinel-Eoghain 
with  their  chief,  Muircheartach  the  son  of  NialL  dreading  the  plunder  and  destruc- 
tion of  their  country,  sought  succour  from  the  Scots  of  Alban,  and  subsidized  the  fleets 
of  the  Gall-Gadelians  of  Arran,  Cantire,  the  Isle  of  Man,  and  other  parts,  under  the 
command  of  Mac  Skellig.  The  two  fleets  met  near  Inishowen.  and.  after  an  obstinate 
engagement,  the  Irish  gained  a  complete  victory;  but  with  a  considerable  I 
men,  among  whom  was  the  admiral,  O'Dowda'.  All  the  enemy's  -hip-,  with  their 
commander,  Mac  Skellig,  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  Connacians*. 

Soon  after  this  victory  King  Torlogh  died1 ;  and  although  the  Annalists  have  been 
loud  in  sounding  his  praise,  pompously  styling  him  "  the  Augustus  of  Western 
Europe,"  yet  it  is  certain  that  he  did  as  much  as  any  man  that  ever  lived,  to  render 
his  country  an  easy  prey  to  foreign  invaders.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  son  Roderic. 
in  whose  time  the  Anglo-Normans  landed  in  Ireland1.  It  was  not  until  A.  I> 
that  these  adventurers  first  set  a  hostile  foot  in  Connaught,  and  that  i-vent  is  thus 
related  in  the  Book  of  Leinster  :  "An  army  with  Miles  Cogan  to  Conaght,  unawares 

to 


u  O'Dugan,  in  his  topographical  poem,  which 
refers  to  the  twelfth  century,  thus  celebrates  the 
O'Malleys : — 

t)uine  mcnr  piarh  ni  paibe 
t)'ib  maille,  ace  na  mapaioe. 
Which  may  be  translated,  "  there  never  was  a  good 
man   of  the   O'Malleys,    who  was  not  a  mariner." 
They  have  preserved  the  same  character  to  modern 
times See  Four  Masters,  A.  D.  1560. 

v  Id.  A.  D.  1154.  See  also  Treatise  on  Hy-Fiach- 
rach, lr.  Arch.  Soc.  p.  352. 

B  The  above  is  the  most  considerable  maritime  en- 
gagement of  the  ancient  Irish  on  record ;  if  we  except 
the  celebrated  sea  light,  said  to  have  taken  place 
at  Dundalk  in  A.  D.  944,  and  which  see  detailed 
in  O'Halloran's  History  of  Ireland,  vol.  II.  p.  221 


from  a  MS.  entitled  the  "  War-  of  (  alhigban  (  :.- 
But  it  must  be  observed  here,  that  the  authen- 
ticity of  thai  MS.  is  doubtful.  By  our  best  Anti  - 
quaries  it  has  been  pronounced  a  Romance :  but 
O'Halloran's  honest  zeal  •■  to  render  that  justice  to 
our  ancestors  which   had  1»  ;.ird  them." 

(Dedication),  induced  him  to  treat  it  as  a  genuine 
document,  in  order  to  give  "out  inceetara"  the  credit 
of  the  brilliant  achievements  which  it  rvlau-s.  And 
that,  he  conceived,  was  doing  the  justice  to  which  he 
had  alluded.  Others  have  given  the  story  as  au- 
thentic history,  but  it  is  nut  to  be  found  in  any  of 
our  accredited  Annals. 

*  Four  Masters.  A.  D.  1156. 

!  Id.  AD.  1170. 


377 

to  the  countrymen  till  they  came  to  Roscommon.  Morrogh  O'Rory  [O'Conor]  came  to- 
wards them,  and  guided  them  through  Conaght.  His  father,  Roderick  the  king,  was  then 
on  his  regal  progress  through  Iar-Connaght,  when  he  got  intelligence  of  the  English. 
The  English,  in  their  marching,  burned  the  Maghary,  i.  e.  the  plain  of  Connaght,  and 
Oilfin,  and  Forta-noggy  (Fearta  Geige),  and  Imleagh-Ferdoragh,  and  Imleagh-Brocadha, 
and  Down-Imdhan  (Dunamon).  And  the  English  came  from  Athmogha,  [Ballime]  and 
through  Fidmonagh,  and  Sligy  More  (viz.  the  great  road  of)  Ligy-gnathaile,  and  over 
Athfiny,  by  Down-more,  and  to  Tuam  directly ;  and  made  no  prey  throughout  the  pro- 
vince, for  the  Connactians  secured  their's  in  their  holds  and  places  of  security ;  and  Tuam 
was  emptied,  and  the  English  burned  Killbeneoin  (Kilbannon),  and  Kill-Meadhuin 
(Kilmaine),  and  Lackagh,  and  Killcathgaly  (KillcahilVf,  and  Ross-Cannin  (Roscam),  and 
the  castle  of  the  fort  of  the  Galway.  And  the  English  were  three  nights  in  Tuam 
(da  Gualan),  without  either  meat  or  booty,  and  they  being  informed  that  the  Connac- 
tians and  Momonians  were  gathered  together  against  them,  which  the  English  believed 
as  truth,  for  Rory,  King  of  Ireland,  suffered  not  his  men  to  meet  them,  expecting 
their  meeting  in  a  set  battle,  the  English  stole  away  as  far  as  Toghar-mona-Connedha, 
when  the  Connaught  footmen  gave  an  onset  on  the  said  Toghar,  when  the  English 
had  been  [would  have  been~]  defeated,  were  it  not  for  O'Conor's  son  (Morrogh  O'Rory) 
that  encouraged  them.  And  that  night  they  came  to  Uaran,  and  they  stole  away  the 
next  day  to  Athliag,  where  a  small  party  of  the  Connactians  overtook  them,  which 
dealt  hardly  with  them  in  the  ford,  and  their  losses  were  unknown  (i.  e.  considerable) 
afore  they  left  Conaght.  Murrogh,  Rory's  son,  was  blinded  by  Sil-Muredhy  and  by 
Rory  himself,  for  his  wicked  deeds.  Connor  Moenmoy,  Rory  O'Conor's  son,  \was~\  forci- 
bly brought  out  of  the  island  of  Lough  Cuanby  Maelculard  O'Flathberty,  and  by  Ca- 
O'Flathberty,  and  by  Gilly-berry  O'Flathberty,  and  by  the  rest  of  his  favourites 
(friends),  he  being  in  restraint  for  the  space  of  a  whole  year  for  his  own  injuries 
(misdeeds).  Hugh  O'Flaherty,  King  of  Iar-Connaught,  died  in  Enachduin.  The 
river  of  Galway  was  dried  from  Oilean  na  Clodagh  to  the  sea,  from  sun- rising  to  twelve 
o'clock  the  second  day,  in  which  abyss  a  huge  multitude  of  fish  was  foundV 

After 

'■  For  these  places,  see  ante,  p.  369.  of  the  Royal  Dublin  Society.     See  also  the  Annals 

a  Extracts  from  a  translation  of  Annals  of  Lein  -  of  the  Four   Masters,    and   of  Inisfallen   (Comy), 

ster  made  in  the  year  1665,   by  Dudly  Firbisie,  for  A.  D.  1177:  the  latter  agrees  verbatim  with  the  An- 

Sir  James  Ware.     Mac  Firbis's   autograph  is  pre-  nals  of  Leinster.     In  the  former,   the  phenomenon 

served  in  the  Library  of  the  British  Museum.  Cod.  of    the  Gaillimh  is   somewhat  differently    related. 

Claren.  torn.  68,  and  there  are  transcripts  of  it  in  the  They  state  that  the  river  was  dried  up  for    three 

Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  and  of  the  library  days,  and  that  military  weapons,  and  other  "curi- 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.    1 5.                                          3  C 


37* 

After  the  foregoing  precipitate  flight  of  the  Anglo- .Normans  before  die  provincial 
force,  called  by  the  Leiuster  Annalist  the  "  invincible  army  of  Sil-Muredhy'".'  these 
*  invaders  were  for  some  years  deterred  from  venturing  into  Connaught.  But  in 
A.  D.  1 1 85,  Donal  Mor  O'Brien,  King  of  Thomond,  who  was  one  of  the  first  t<.  join 
them,  taking  advantage  of  the  violent  dissensions  and  wars  then  raging  between  the 
members  of  the  house  of  O' Conor,  made  an  incursion  on  the  western  parts  of  the 
province,  "accompanied  by  a  party  of  English,"  who  pillaged  and  destroyed  the 
country,  and  burned  houses  and  churches  in  their  progress1.  After  the  lapse  of  a  few 
years  we  find  the  English  again  in  the  province,  led  on  by  Cathal  Crovedearg  (or  the 
red-handed)  O'Conor,  King  of  Connaught".  The  old  territorial  disputes  subsisting 
between  the  O'Conors  and  O'Flaherties  were  again  revived.  Cathal,  the  son  of  Hugo 
O'Flaherty,  was  slain  by  the  son  of  Mortogh  Midhe  O'Conor.  Roderic  O'Flaherty 
lord  of  West  Connaught,  was  taken  prisoner  by  Cathal  Crovdearg*,  who  del. 
him  over  to  the  English,  by  whom  he  was  put  to  death'.  Thus  these  infatuated  men, 
by  their  dissensions  hastened  their  own  impending  doom,  and  entailed  irretr;. 
bondage  on  their  posterity. 

The  thirteenth  century  introduced  a  new  set  of  characters  on  the  arena  of  Iri-h 
history.     Of  these  one  of  the  most  remarkable  was  the  Anglo-Nonnaa  I1    1 
William  Fitz-AdelmB.  The  posterity  and  followers  of  this  man  stipplant.-d  th. 
O'Flaherties,  and  the  other  Celtic  tribes  of  Connaught:  whose  descendant-,  witl 
few  exceptions,  were  reduced    to  the  condition  of  "  hewers  of  wood  and  dr. 
of  water."     In  A.  D.  1201,  Cathal  Crovdearg,  and  this  William   Fitz-Adelm.  led  an 
army  of  Irish  and  English  into  Iar-  Connaught.    This  me  the  first  appearance  of  the 


osities,"  buried  in  it  from  the  most  remote  antiquity, 
were  collected  by  the  people  of  the  fort  and  surround- 
ing country.  Similar  "  antiquities"  may  very  likely 
be  found  on  the  drainage  of  the  neighbouring  lake, 
Corrib,  now  [1846]  in  contemplation. 

b  The  O'Conors.  Annals  of  Leinster,  at  A.  D.  1 1 7 1. 

c  Four  Masters. 

d  Id.  A.  D.  1185. 

e  Id  A.  D.  1197. 

1  Extracts  from  the  Annals  of  Loughkee,  in  the 
library  of  the  Royal  Dublin  Society,  A.  D.  1200. 
For  this  Roderic,  see  the  Gen.  Table,  II.,  No.  25. 
He  was  called  "  peun  TJuupi^  net  puaj  o  loc 
Cime,"  old  Rory  or   Roderic,   of  the  onslaughts 


or    excursions    from   lough  Kim.-:  fc.r  which  place 
see  ante. 

e  See  Carnbren-  ,,,  Eipug.  lik  ii. 

for  the  character  of  tin-  rieaoas  adventurer.    With 
him  the  Irish   annalists  agree  ;  ytt    Mac  Gtoghe- 
gan,  in  1  »I  —  translation  of  the  Annals  of  Clonmac- 
noise,  ami  Mac  Firms,  in  his  account  of  the  E   j 
families  of  Ireland,  preserved  in  the  library 
Royal  Iri-li  Academy,  endeavour  to  defend  him,  on 
th.    plea  of  enmity  in  Cambrensis.  and  prejudice  in 
the  Annalists :  but  the  arguments  made  use  of  in 
liis  defence  would   bejnstas  applicable 
culpation  of  Judas. 


379 

De  Burgos  in  this  province.  They  passed  the  Easter  at  Cong,  and  while  there,  the 
sons  of  that  Roderic  O'Flaherty  (who,  as  we  have  seen,  had  been  previously  betrayed 
by  Cathal  to  the  English,  by  whom  he  was  put  to  death)  conspired  with  Fitz-Adelm 
against  Cathal  ;  "but,"  say  the  Annalists,  "God  saved  him  from  their  treachery1", 
through  the  intercession  of  the  ecclesiastics,  who  were  witnesses  to  their  league  of 
mutual  fealty1."  Enraged  at  the  escape  of  the  Irish  prince,  Fitz-Adelm  spread 
destruction  over  his  devoted  kingdom.  The  Annals  of  Clonmacnoise  record,  that 
in  A.  D.  1204,  "William  Burke  took  the  spoyles  of  all  the  churches  of  Connoght, 
viz.,  of  Clonvicknose,  Clonfert,  Milick,  Killbyan  ;  the  churches  of  O'Fiaghragh, 
Twayme  (Tuam),  Kill-Beneoine,  Killmaoyne  (Kilmain),  Mayo  of  the  English 
{Cong)  of  St.  Ffechine,  the  Abbey  of  Athedalaragh  {Boyle),  Ailfynn,  Uaran,  Ros- 
common, with  many  other  churches.  God  and  the  patrons  of  these  churches 
shewed  their  miracles  upon  him,  that  his  entrails  and  fundament  fell  from  his  pri- 
vate place,  and  it  trailed  after  him  even  to  the  very  earth,  whereof  he  died  impe- 
nitently,  without  shrive  or  extream  unction,  or  good  buryall  in  any  church  in 
the  kingdom,  but  in  a  waste  town."  The  same  year  Mortogh  O'Flaherty,  lord  of 
Iar-Connaught,  died*,  whereupon  Cathal  Crovdearg  expelled  Mortogh's  son,  Hugh, 
out  of  his  territory  of  Moy-Seola,  which  he  conferred  upon  his  (Cathal's)  own  son, 
Hugh\  This  was  followed  by  the  death  of  Brian,  the  son  of  Roderic  O'Flaherty1. 
Richard  de  Burgo,  Lord  of  Connaught  and  Trim,  son  of  William  Fitz-Adelm,  obtained 
grants  of  the  entire  province;  and  on  the  12th  June,  A.  D.  1225™,  King  Henry  III. 
commanded  William,  Earl  Marshall,  lord  justice  of  Ireland,  to  seize  on  "  the  whole 
country  of  Connaught,  and  deliver  it  to  Richard  de  Burgo." 

The  Connaught  chieftains  were  at  length  awakened  to  a  sense  of  the  dangers  which 
surrounded  them,  but  even  that  did  not  prevent  their  unnatural  dissensions.  The 
whole  country  soon  became  a  scene  of  confusion  and  blood.  In  these  proceedings, 
which  will  be  found  fully  detailed  by  our  Annalists,  Hugh  O'Flaherty",  chief  of  Iar- 
Connaught,  acted  a  conspicuous  part.  He  joined  the  sons  of  Roderick  O'Conor  against 
Hugh,  king  of  Connaught  (son  of  Cathal  Crovdearg),  who  was  leagued  with   the 

English 

h  The  Annals  of  Clonmacnoise  relate,  that  the  (No.  113),  two  generations  given  by  O'Ferrall  (Gen. 

conspiracy  was  "  by  God  prevented ;  for  they  were  Table,  III.),  but  omitted  by  Mac  Firbis  (Tab.  II). 

by  great  oaths  sworn  to  each  other  before,  which  k  Id.  A.  D.  1207. 

whosoever  would  break  was  to  be  excommunicated  '  Id.  A.  D.  1214.     This  Brian  does  not  appear 

with  book,  bell,  and  candle."  A.  D.  1201.  in  the  Gen.  Tables.     His  father  I  take  to  be  Rory 

'  Four  Masters.  of  Lough  Kime  (No.  25). 

j  Id.  A.  D.  1204.     This  Mortogh  I  conjecture  to  '"  Four  Masters,  A.  D.  1225. 

be  the  same  as  Muredach  (No.  112),  son  of  Hugh  "  Gen.  Table,  No.  II.  26. 

3  C  2 


38o 


English.  These  latter  confederates,  in  A.  D.  1225,  invaded  the  country  of  O'Flal 
and  compelled  him  to  surrender  the  islands  of  Inis-Creamha  and  Oilen  na  Ci: 
lough  Orbsen,  together  with  all  the  vessels  on  the  lake,  to  Hugh  O'Conor.     (/Fla- 
herty then  fortified  himself  in  the  fort  at  Bun  na  Gaillmhe  (i.e.  at  the  mouth  oj  the 
river  of  Galway\  but  he  was  soon  after  taken  prisoner  by  O'Conor.  and  delivered  up 
to  the  English.     This  was  followed  by  his  total  expulsion  out  of  Moy-Seola,  which 
was  seized  by  Richard  De  Burgo  and  his  followers;  who  also  possessed  themseh 
the  castle  at  the  Gaillimh,  where  they  erected  another  strong  fortress.     Hugh  (/Fla- 
herty and  his  people  crossed  Lough  Oirbsen,  and  took  possession  of  th'  - 
districts,  to  which  the  name  of  Iar-Connaught  lias,  in  after-timi 
given.     He  was,  therefore,  the  first  of  the  O'Flaherties  who  could  properlv  be  called 
the  chief  of  the  territory  now  known  by  that  name0.     In  course  of  time  his  descen- 
dants acquired  greater  power  in  their  new  possessions,  than  perhaps  then 
ever  attained  in  their  ancient  inheritance. 

But  the  De  Burgos  thinking  themselves  insecure,  as  long  as  O'Flahertv  maintained 
his  independence  in  the  West,  they  resolved  to  subdue  him.  1  .r  secure  his  adl 
Accordingly,  on  the  return  of  the  English  to  ConnauL'lit  with  an  aruiv.  in  A.  1).  1235. 
he  was  the  first  they  determined  to  attack.  Abandoned  on  all  sides,  and  unable  to 
contend  with  their  superior  force,  wishing  moreover  to  prevenl  the  furthered 
of  blood  and  the  plunder  of  his  people,  the  humbled  chief  at  length  yielded,  and  en- 
tered into  a  treaty  with  them".  He  afterwards  consented  to  assist  them  a?aint  his 
old  allies,  the  O'Conors.  This  was  the  last  and  only  disgraceful  act  of  his  life.  He 
did  not  long  survive  it.  After  his  death  the  English  follower-  of  Richard  de  Bur-" 
erected  several  castles  throughout  the  territory  of  Muintir-Murchada  and  the  adjoin- 
ing districts'". 

Henry  III.,  King  of  England,  in  A.  I).  1244.  directed  letl     3  1     -•  \c-ral  Ii   - 
among  others,  as  is  said,  to  0'Flahertyr,  to  attend  the  Lord  Justice  of  Ireland  and  his 
forces  to  Scotland,  "ad  inimicos  nostros  ibidem  gravaudos."     A  reconciliation  having 
taken  place  with  Scotland,   the  Connaught  auxiliaries,  under  Felim  O'Conor,  joined 

II 


0  It  is  probable  that  the  O'Flahertii  - 
some  local  jurisdiction  in  these  western  districts  an- 
terior to  the  above  period,  but  there  is  no  direct 
evidence  on  the  subject.  The  destruction  of  so  many 
of  our  domestic  records  has  necessarily  left  several 
matters  of  this  local  nature  inexplicable  in  Irish 
history. 

•>  See  p.  57,  ante,   where  our  author  alludes  to 


the  assistance  given  on  this  occasion:  also  \ 
note",  and  the  Annals  of  the  Fran  \.  1>. 

1235. 

1  See  ante.  p.  i.  note  h.  for  further  particulars  of 
these  proceedings ;  and  some  account  of  the  descen- 
dant- of  those  who  settled  here  at  the  time. 

r  Sir  William  Betham's  Aatiq.  Researches,  p.  124. 
These  letters  may   l*  seen  in   Rymer.   voL  I    . 


38i 

Henry  in  an  expedition  to  Wales,  whence  they  returned  victorious.  Soon  after  which, 
Morogh  O'Flaherty,  and  his  brother  Roderic5,  laid  their  complaint  before  the  King, 
stating,  that  their  ancestors  and  themselves,  though  mere  Irish,  always  shewed  their 
fealty  and  service  to  him  and  his  predecessors,  by  assisting  the  English  to  reduce  the 
Irish.  That  they  had,  notwithstanding,  been  unjustly  expelled  from  their  territory,  to 
which  they  humbly  prayed  to  be  restored.  This  appeal  was  favourably  received  by 
the  King,  who  directed  his  letters  to  John  Fitz-Geoffry,  the  Lord  Justice,  in  the 
following  words :  "Rex  Justiciario  Hibern.  Salutem :  Monstravit  nobis  Mamorch  Offer- 
thierum'  et  Rothericus  Frater  ejus,  quod  antecessores  sui,  et  ipsi  (licet  Hibernenses), 
semper  tamen  firmiter  fuerunt  ad  fidem  et  servitium  nostrum,  et  predecessorum  nos- 
trum [it  should  be  nostrorum  j,  Regum  Angl.  ad  conquestum  una  cum  Anglicis  facien- 
dum super  Hibernenses,  et  ideo  vobis  mandamus  quod  si  ita  est,  tunc  non  permittas 
ipsos  M.  et  R.  repelli,  quin  possint  terras  vindicare  in  quibus  jus  habent,  sicut  quili- 
bet  Anglicus,  quia  si  ipsi  et  antecessores  sui  sic  se  habuerunt  cum  Anglicis,  quamvis 
Hibernenses,  injustum  esset  licet  Hibernenses  sint  quod  exceptione  qua  repelluntur 
Hibernenses,  a  vindicatione  terrarum  et  aliis  repellantur." — Prynne,  255.  Upon  this 
writ  Cox  observes,  "  the  King  did  design  that  all  the  Irish,  who  would  live  as  subjects, 
should  have  the  benefit  of  the  English  laws".'1  It  is  probable  that  the  King  did  so 
design,  but  it  is  certain  that  his  rulers  here  designed  otherwise.  Happy  would 
it  have  been,  had  the  just  feeling  expressed  in  that  letter,  been  always  observed  in  Ire- 
land. But  the  O'Flaherties  derived  no  benefit  from  the  royal  mandate.  On  the  con- 
trary, their  new  territories,  as  if  in  despite  of  it,  were  soon  plundered  by  the  English. 
Walter  de  Burgo  marched  against  them  with  an  army,  but  was  routed  with  consi- 
derable slaughter".  He  soon  after  made  another  excursion  against  Roderic  O'Flaherty ; 
plundered  his  territory  of  Gnomore  and  Gnobeg  (now  called  the  barony  of  Moycullen), 
and  seized  upon  Lough  Orbsen  with  its  islands".    The  persecuted  chief  was,  at  length, 

forcibly 

and  in  Leland,  Vol   I.  220  ;  but  O'Flaherty  does  not  history  of  that  city — Vol.  II.  p.  294. 

appear  in  either.     Sir  William  Betham,   however,  u  Cox,  loc.  cit. 

refers  to  a  "  Close  Roll  in  the  Tower  of  London."  v  Four  Masters,  A.  D.  1248. 

*  See  Gen.  Table,  II.  No.  27.  Neither  this  Morogh  w  Id.  A.  D.  1256.     In   this  year,  the  same  An- 

nor  his  brother  is  named  in  it.  nalists  relate,  that  the  son  of  Somairle  (Sorly)  Mae 

1  This  writ  is  given  at  A.  D.  1253  by  Cox,  I.  66,  Donnell,   sailed   with  a   fleet   from   the    Hebrides, 

from  Prynne.    The  orthography  shews  that  the  An-  (a  n-inpib  jail)  to  Conmaicne-mara,    in    Iar- 

glo-Normans   of  that   day   were    sad  bunglers   at  Comiaught,   where  he    captured  a  merchant  ship, 

Celtic  surnames.     But  Offcrthierum  is  not  farther  and  plundered  its  cargo  of  wine,  cloth,   copper,  and 

from  O'Flaherty,  than  Vinzaniozer  is  from  Winches-  iron.     Jordan  de  Exeter,  sheriff  of  Connaught,  pur- 

ter,  (  Wintaneeastra)  for  which  see  Milner's  valuable  sued  him  to  a  neighbouring  island,   where  his  ships 


382 


forcibly  expelled  from  Iar-Connaught*,  but  his  expulsion  was  only  temporary;  for  he 
found,  by  experience,  that  it  was  safer  to  rely  on  the  battle-axes  of  his  bold  Gall 
than  on  appeals  to  the  sovereign   against    Anglo-Norman  outrage   in   Ireland.       In 
his  time  the  Joyces,  a  family  of  British  extraction,  settled  in  the  northern  part  of  the 
territory,  by  the  permission  and  under  the  protection  of  the  O'Flaherl 

Before  the  close  of  the  thirteenth  century,  the  O'Flahertiea  became  m  th«- 

entire  territory  of  Iar-Connaught,  extending  from  the  western  banks  of  Lough  Orb- 
sen,  to  the  shores  of  the  Atlantic.      Separated  from  the  rest  of  the  kingdom,   in  that 
peninsulatedy,  and  then  almost  inaccessible  district,  they  interfered  but  little  in  the 
external  transactions  of  the  province,  and  are,   therefore,    bnt  seldom  noticed  in  our 
Annals  for  the  two  succeeding  centuries.     With  their  neighbours,  the  ancient  Clan- 
Mailly,   or  O'Mailleys  of  Umhaill  (  UmaUia)  or  "  the  Owles,''  they  lived  on  tei 
amity  and  mutual  defence.     But   this  friendly,  and  for  both  "  nations*"  necessary  al- 
liance, was  interrupted  by  an  untoward  occurrence.     In  A.  D.  131+-  at  a  meeting  or 
conference  between  the  chiefs  of  both  clans,  a  dispute  took  place,   in  which   Owen 
O'Mailly,  Cormac   Cruim   O'Mailly,  and  several  others,   were  -lain  by  the  peoj 
<)'Flahertya.     In  some  time  after,  Connor,  the  son  of  Owen  O'Mailly.  made  a  descent 
on  Iar-Connaught,   which  he  plundered,  and  loaded  his  vessel   with  the  - 
riches  he  had  taken.      But  on  his  return  home,  hi--  ship   was  cast   away  "  l>  I 
Ireland  and  Aran,"  and  all  the  crew,  except  one  man.  perished*.    Amongst  the  <  I 
herties  themselves,  feuds  were  frequent  and  violent  during  the  fifteenth  and  sixteenth 
centuries.    Many  of  those  will  be  found  detailed  in  our  Annals,  where  the  reader  will 
be  enabled  to  identify  several  individuals  named  in  the  annexed  Genealogical  Tables'. 

Until 


were  at  anchor.  An  engagement  took  plait-,  in 
which  the  sheriff  and  one  of  his  knights  were  slain  ; 
and  Mac  Sorly  returned  home  in  triumph  with  his 
booty. 

*  Id.  A.  D.  1273.  On  the  Roll  of  the  Pipe,  13, 
15,  Edw.  I.  the  following  entry  occurs:  "Rothery 
O'Flaverty  reddit  x.  marcas  de  fine,  pro  pace  haben- 
da." — Berm.  Toiver,  Dublin. 

y    Vide  ante,  p.  1,  note  b,  and  p.  57,  note  V. 

'•  This  term  was  usually  applied  by  the  settlers  to 
express  the  Irish  clan,  tribe,  or  family.  "Chief  of 
his  nation,"  which  occurs  so  often  in  the  Anglo-Nor- 
man records,  meant  chief  of  his  clan.  It  wa_s  some- 
times applied  to  the  settlers  themselves.  Thus. 
"  William  Blake  and  the  rest  of  his  nation." — fare, 


p.  -.'i>; 

Foui  M  . - 

b  Id.  A.  D.  1396.  Our  author,  BodericOTU 
in  hi>  MS    1  ir  Masters. 

preaervedinTrin.C0LLib.D1  that  on  thi> 

Occasion,    6  .thai  bmdht  ( •"Flaherty  was 

killed :  and  that  thirty-three  of  the  ( ■"Malley- 
drowned  It  would  appear  that  the  strife  did  not  end 
with  this,  for  the  same  Annals  further  relate,  that  in 
A.  D.  1418.  "Roderic,  bob  of  Mbwgfr OTfcfcrly 
(Gen. Table,  II.  No.  82).  Boderie,  ion  ofDermott  duff 
O'Flahirty  (Id  No.  31),  and  sixteen  others  of  the 
( I'Flahi  rtk-s  were  drowned  in  the  bay  of  UmaUia." 
probably  when  on  a  similar  plundering  excursion. 

c  See  the  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters,  ad  an.  1410. 


383 

Until  late  in  the  sixteenth  century,  the  English  knew  as  little  of  Iar-Connaught 
or  its  people,  as  did  their  forefathers,  in  the  days  of  Sir  John  Maundevyle,  of  "  the 
land  of  Prestre  John  or  the  men  of  Inde."  Leonard  Lord  Gray,  towards  the  end  of 
the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.,  was  the  first  Deputy  of  Ireland  who  deigned,  or  rather  ven- 
tured, to  approach  these  western  regions.  Thus  he  wrote  to  the  King  in  A.  D.  1538, 
"  to  the  same  towne  (Galwey)  cam  to  me  Hugh  Oflart  chieff  capitayne  of  his  countre 
called  Oyled,  and  submittyd6."  This  submission  was  expressed  in  the  following 
curious  indenture,  between  His  Majesty  and  the  "  Chieff,"  to  which  the  latter  af- 
fixed his  seal,  for  he  could  not  subscribe  his  name : — 

"  Hec  Indentura  facta  xiii?  die  Julii,  apud  villain  Regis  de  Galwey,  a?  xxxmo 
Illustrissimi  Regis  Henrici  VIII.  inter  dictum  potentissimum  Dominum  nostrum,  Hen- 
ricum  VIII.  ex  parte  una,  et  Hugonem  O'Flarte  capitaneum  patrie  sue,  ex  parte  altera; 
Testatum,  concordatum,  concessum,  et  conventum  fore,  inter  dictum  illustrissimum 
dominum  Regem  nostrum  et  prefatum  O'Flarte,  per  presentes,  et  prefatus  O'Flarte 
concedit  pro  se  heredibus  et  successoribus  suis,  quod  ipsi  et  eorum  quilibet  qui  erunt 
capitanei  patrie  sue,  solvant  aut  faciant  predicto  Domino  Regi,  heredibus  et  succes- 
soribus suis  Regibus  Anglie,  per  annum  cs.  ster.  et  eosdem  denarios,  solvend.  esse 
sub-thesaurario  dicti  domini  Regis,  regni  sui  Hibernia?,  ad  usum  dicti  domini  Regis, 
semel  in  anno,  ad  festum  sancti  Michaelis  archangeli:  Et  preterea,  prefatus  Hugo 
O'Flarte  concedit,  pro  se,  heredibus  et  successoribus  suis,  quod  ipsi  et  quilibet  eorum  qui 
erunt  capitanei,  invenire  debent  Regis  deputato,  pro  tempore  existente,  ad  omne  com- 
mune viagium,  quod  erit  constitutum  per  Regis  deputatum,  xl.  turbarios  bene  ordi- 
natos,  secundum  formam  belli,  sumptibus  suis  propriis.  In  cujus  rei  testimonium,  pre- 
fatus capitaneus  presentibus  sigillum  suum  apposuit,  die,  loco,  et  anno  supradictis." 

Irrot.  in  offic.  Vice-thesaurar.  Dub- 

At 

1415,  1422,  1439,  1503.     One  of  our  author's  MS.  of  Enachduin.     But  this  is  doubtful,  for  I  have  not 

notes  to  the  Four  Masters  (see  last  note,  b)  is  as  fol-  found  it  verified  by  any  other  authority.    This  chief 

lows:     "Brianus    65    O'Flaherty,   (.1.   Brian  na  is  No.  30  in  Gen.  Table,  II.     Morogh  (31),  son  of 

noinseacli)  occidentalis  Connacise  heres,  a  Rickardo  Brien  (30),  died  A.  D.  1419. Four  Masters.  Gil- 

65  de  Burgo  captus — MS.  L.  Mac  Firb.  68."  Hugh  duff,  nis  brother  (31),  died  A.  D.  1442 Id. 

Mor  O'Flaherty  nach  glacadh  airgead,  who  would  d  From  this  it  is  evident  that  the  Lord   Deputy 

not  take  money  (supposed  to  have  been  so  called  per  did  not  know  even  the  name  of  Hugh  O'Flaherty's 

antiprasirn ;    see    Sir   Henry   Piers'  description  of  country ;  but  finding  that  a  river  called  Aille    ran 

West  Meath,  in  Vallancey's  Collect,   vol.  I.  p.  114,  through  it  (which  river  is  now  called  the    Ally, 

Ed.  1770),  who  was  the  chief  of  the  name  in  A.  D.  abain   na    h-Gllle,   see  map,   et  ante  -p.  62 

1400,  is  stated  in  the  Book  of  Pedigrees,  Office  of  note  '■),  he  gave  the  name  of  the  river  to  the  district. 
Arms,  Dublin,  to  have  in  that  year  built  the  church  e  State  Papers,  Lond.  1834,  Vol.  iii.  p.  iii.  p.  61. 


384 

At  this  time  a  young  chief  was  growing  up  in  the  west,  who  was  destined  to  per- 
form a  conspicuous  part  in  the  affairs  of  lar-Connaught,  for  nearly  the  remainder  of  the 
sixteenth  century.  This  was  the  celebrated  and  still  remembered  Iforogfa  na  d-twi/ih 
[Murrough  of  the  battle-axes']  O'Flaherty*,  who  was  hereditary  chieftain  of  the  ter- 
ritory of  Gnomore,  which  formed  the  northern  portion  of  the  present  barony  of  Moy- 
cullen  in  the  county  of  Galway.  This  individual  became  the  most  distinguished  and 
powerful  of  his  name,  having  been  appointed  by  Queen  Elizabeth  chieftain  or  head  of 
all  the  O'Flaherties,  although  he  was  not  of  the  senior  branch.  On  succeeding  to  his 
inheritance,  he  made  the  castle  of  Fuathaidh1'  (Fough)  his  principal  residence;  and  from 
thence  he  made  frequent  incursions  on  the  territory  of  Thomond,  and  on  the  posses- 
sions of  the  English  in  the  vicinity  of  Lough  Orbsen.  At  Ipngth,  Conor  O'Brien, 
the  third  Earl  of  Thomond,  provoked  by  his  aggressions,  marched  against  him,  in  A.  L». 
1560,  with  an  army.  The  Earl  proceeded  from  Thomond  through  the  territory  of 
Clanrickard,  until  he  came  to  the  ford  of  Tir-oileau  [Tirellan),  now  corruptly  (Terry- 
land),  near  Galway.  Here  he  was  opposed  by  some  of  the  citizens,  who  endeavoured  to 
prevent  his  passage,  but,  having  been  supported  by  others,  he  crossed  the  ford,  and 
continued  his  course  through  the  country  of  the  Joyces,  by  the  <a^tle  of  Fuathaidh. 
and  Bonbonan  mountain.  Morrough  retreated  before  him  towards  the  western 
mountains,  and  the  Earl,  unable  to  come  up  with  him,  was  forced  to  return,  without 
having  achieved  any  action  worthy  of  so  perilous  an  expedition'. 

Soon  after  this,  the  Earl  of  Clanrickard  undertook  an  expedition  against  Mom 
as  well  to  prevent  his  incursions  on  the  Earl's  territorj  of  Muintir  Murehadha.  (now 
the  barony  of  Clare)  as  to  put  the  country  of  lar-Connaught  under  contribution.  He 
accordingly,  in  A.  D.  1564,  dispatched  a  considerable  body  of  troops  to  lar-C"iiuaught. 
Morrough,  as  before, retired  to  his  fastnesses;  whereupon  the  Earl  took  the  prey  of  the 
whole  country,  consisting  of  numerous  herds  of  cattle,  which  his  people  drove  on  to- 
wards the  pass  at  Galway,  on  their  way  to  Clanrickard.  These  were  pursued  by 
Morrough  with  a  chosen  party,  who  overtook  them  at  Trabane  (the  vhite  strand),  about 
two  miles  west  of  Galway ;  and  an  engagement  took  place,  in  which  the  Earl's  troops 
were  entirely  defeated.  An  account  of  this  occurence,  written  at  the  time,  si 
that  "the  Earl's  people  were  forced  to  turn  their  backs,   and  the  most  part  of  them 


r  According  to  tradition,  he  was  so  called  from  the  ancient  Irish, 
having  obtained  a   great  victory  over   a   superior  s  Gen.  Table,  1 1   Xo.  36. 

force,  with  a  small  body  of  galloglasses,  armed  only  h  This  castle  was  situate  near  the  present  town 

with  battle-axes. — See  Ware's  Antiq.  by  Harris,  eh  of  Oughterard — See  ante,  p.  58,  note  b. 
xxi.,  for  the  use  of  this  formidable  weapon  amongst  '  Four  Has 


385 

were  drowned  in  the  sea  and  river  of  Galway ;"  derisively  adding,  that  "  some  got 
over  the  river,  but  such  was  their  apprehension  of  death,  that  they  knew  not  how. 
Timor  pedibus  addidit  alasV'  This  affair  was  of  too  serious  a  nature  to  be  overlooked 
by  the  Government.  It  was  debated  whether  the  turbulent  chieftain  should  be  over- 
come by  force,  which,  considering  the  difficulty  of  access  to  his  country,  would  be  at- 
tended with  considerable  trouble ;  or  whether  he  ought  not  to  be  gained  over  by  con- 
ciliation, and  be  thereby  made  a  fitting  instrument  to  keep  the  remainder  of  his  name 
and  kindred  in  subjection.  Happily  for  Morrough  and  his  descendants,  the  latter 
course  was  determined  on.  He  was  proffered  a  free  and  general  pardon  for  all  his 
offences ;  and  that  he  should,  moreover,  be  appointed  by  the  Queen  to  the  rule  or 
chieftainship  of  the  whole  country  of  Iar-Connaught.  He  accepted  the  terms ;  and, 
accordingly,  a  pardon  issued  under  the  great  seal,  to  "  Morgho  ne  doo  O'Flarte  of 
Mogh  {Fougli)  in  the  province  of  Connaght,  gent.,  for  all  murders,  homicides,  killings,  &c 
by  him  at  any  time  heretofore  committed;"  in  consideration  whereof,  he  promised  to 
"  observe  the  Queen's  peace,  to  appear  and  answer  at  all  sessions  within  the  province 
Avhenever  called  upon,  and  to  satisfy  the  demands  of  all  the  Queen's  subjects,  accord- 
ing to  justice  and  equity\"  This  pardon  was  accompanied  by  letters  patent,  constitut- 
ing him  chieftain  of  Iar-Connaught.  The  curious  instrument  by  which  that  mere 
Irish  jurisdiction  was,  through  necessity,  countenanced  and  legalized  by  the  Queen,  is 
here  given  from  the  original : — 

"  Elizabetha  Dei  gratia,  Anglie,  Francie  et  Hibernie  Regina,  fidei  defensor,  &c.  om- 
nibus ad  quos  presentes  littere  pervenerint,  salutem.     Sciatis  quod  nos,  de  vera  obe- 

diencia 

J  See  p.  60,  ante  ;  also  Dutton's  Statistical  Survey  drinke  until  he  died  by  famyn."     These  malefactors 

co.  Galway,  p.   241.      About  this  time  a  horrible  were  at  the  time  branded  with  the  name  of  "  mur- 

scene  of  outrage  occurred  in  Iar-Connaught  among  derers."  Their  avowed  object  was  to  wrest  the  terri- 

the  O'Flaherties.     Hugh  og  (Gen.  Table,   II.  No.  tory   of  Gnobeg  from  the  descendants  of  Gilduff, 

33),  chief  of  the  territory  of  Gnobeg,  which  compri-  (Id.  No.  31),   by  cutting  off  the  entire  race;  but  in 

sed  the  southern  portion  of  the  present  barony  of  that  they  failed,   for  an  infant  child  of  Mortagh, 

Moycullen),  being  old  and  infirm,  his  son,  Mortagh  viz.  Rory  or  Roderic  (Id.  No.  35),  was  preserved, 

(Id.  No.  34),  assumed  the  chieftainship.    Some  dif-  and  succeeded  to  the  inheritance.     It  will  be  seen  in 

ferences   having   arisen   between   him   and   Donall  the  Geneaological  Table,  that  this  Rory  was  grand- 

Crone  (Id.  No.  34),  then  chief  of  all  the  O'Flaher-  father  of  our  author  (Id.  No.  37).     It  does  not  ap- 

ties,  and  the  septs  of  Edmond  O'Flaherty  (Id.  No.  pear  that  Morrough  of  the  battle-axes  had  any  hand 

34),  and  of  Moriertagh  reagh  ;   these  all  conspired  in  this  transaction ;  but  that  he  had  formed  designs 

against  Mortagh  of  Gnobeg,  and  murdered  him  and  on  Gnobeg  will  appear  in  the  sequel, 

four  of  his  children.     They  then  took  the  old  chief,  k  Original  Fiant  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  preserved  in 

Hugh,  and  him  they  imprisoned  in  his  castle  of  Moy-  the  Rolls'  Office,  Dublin,  File  xvii.  No.  1134. 
cullen,  where  they  "detained  him  without  meat  or 

IRISH    ARCH.    SOC.    1 5.  3D 


386 

diencia  Moroghe  ne  do  Mc  Teige  O^Flartye  erga  nos  et  succeseoree  noetroe,  qui  se  ad 
capitaneatum  patrie  de  Ehyrconagkt  humiliter  petiit  per  nos  adiuitti :  propteres  quod 
Donaldus  Crone  O^Flarty,  nunc  capitaneus  patrie  predicte,  non  est  sufficiens  nee  ido- 
neus  ad  officium  illud  exercendum,  nee  in  ullo  regimine  et  frubernatione  expertus,  ad 
illam  patriam  gubernandam,  minusque  habilis  ad  capitaneatum  illud  exequendum, 
turn  etiam  propter  disobedienciarn  suam  :  nos  igitur  plurimum  confidentes,  eundem 
Morogh  ne  do  Mc.  Teige  O'Fflartie,  de  gratia  nostra  speciali,  ac  ex  certa  scientia  et 
mero  motu  nostris,  ex  assensu  predilecti  et  fidelis  consiliarii  nostri  Henrici  Sidnc 
deputati  nostri  generalis  regni  nostri  Hibernie,  capitaneum  patrie  predicte  nominamus, 
ordinamus,  preficimus  et  deputamus,  per  presentes ;  habendum,  tenendum  et  occu- 
pandum  dictum  officium  capitaneatus  patrie  predicte,  cum  omnibus  et  singulis  com- 
moditatibus,  proflcuis,  advantages,  pertinenciis,  et  emolumentis  quibuscunque  eidem 
officio  quomodolibet  spectantibus,  eidem  Moroghe  ne  do  M'  Teige  O'Fflartie.  quam- 
diu  se  bene  gesserit  ut  noster  fidelis  subditus,  ac  patriam  predictam  et  nostra  bonos 
subditos  in  eadem  rite  tuerit  et  gubernaverit ;  accedatque  ad  nostrum  deputatui; 
alium  vel  alios  dicti  regni  nostri  gubernatorem  sive  gubernatores  pro  tempore  existen- 
tes,  et  ad  concilium  regni  nostri  predicti,  quandocunque  et  quotiescunque  sic  ad  eos 
accedere  habuerit  in  mandatis.  Ac  insuper  volumus  et  concedimus,  quod  predictus 
Morogh  ne  do  Ml  Teig  O'Fflartie  solvet  prefato  deputato  nostro,  pro  fine  nominationis 
ejusdem  Morogh  ne  do  M*  Teig  O'Fflartie,  ac  admissione  sua  ad  capitaneaturn  predic- 
tum,  quadraginta  pingues  vaccas,  et  eas  liberet  apud  Galwey,  secundum  placitum  et 
voluntatem  deputati  nostri  predicti;  reservatis  semper  nobis  et  successoribus  Hi 
omnibus  et  singulis  talibus  juribus,  servitiis,  oneribus  et  demandis,  que  extra  patriam 
predictam,  de  antiquo,  exeunt  et  nobis  sunt  debita;  et  idem  Morogh  De  di  M 
O'Fflartie,  ratione  capitaneatus  sui  predicti,  prestare  et  solv  ur.      Eo  quod 

expressa  mentio,  &c.     In  cujus  rei,  &c.  Teste  &c.  Datum  20°  die  Octobris,  anno  regni 
undecimo1,"  A.  D.  1569. 

In  the  interesting  account  of  the  battle  of  Shruel.  given  by  the  Four  I  A.  D. 

1570,  it  is  stated,   that  Morrough  of  the  battle-axes  was  present  with  the  B<>ui 
Mayo,  and  fought  in  that  battle  against  the  Queen's  forces.     This  -  -omewhat 

unaccountable,  particularly  after  his  recent  adhesion  and  appointment.      But  it  may 
be  possible  that  he  was  mistaken  by  the  Annalists  for  some  other  chief  of  the  name0'. 

All 


'  Rot.  Pat.  de  anno  12°  Eliz.  fac.  treasons,  murders.  &c.  granted  under  the  great  seal 

m  This  is  merely  conjectural.     The  Four  Masters  to  Murroujh  of  the  battle-axes,  l>v  Queen  Elizabeth. 

are  seldom  wrong.     It  is  a  singular  fact,   that  there  But  these  political  indalgi  1                   ncouraged  as 

are  on  record,  no  less  than  five  general  pardons,  for  sources  of  revenue,  from  the  fines  which  they  produced. 


387 

All  the  O'Flaherties,  particularly  those  of  Coumaicne-mara  and  Gnobeg,  became  in- 
censed at  Murrough  for  "joining  the  Queen  of  the  English;"  but  above  all,  for  pre- 
suming, under  pretence  of  her  authority,  which  they  despised,  to  claim  any  jurisdiction 
to  the  disparagement  of  Donell  Crone  (the  mighty  or  valiant)  O'Flaherty",  the  legiti- 
mate chief  whom  they  all  acknowledged. 

To  the  same  Annalists  the  reader  is  again  referred  for  subsequent  transactions; 
particularly  in  A.  D.  1572,  by  the  Mac  an  Iarlas,  the  sons  of  the  earl  of  Clanrickard. 
These  "  graceless  impes,"  as  they  are  termed  by  Holinshed,  levied  an  army  and  broke 
out  into  open  rebellion  against  the  Cculleox  gpanoa,  "the  ugly  hag,"  as  they 
themselves  commonly  called  the  Queen.  Amongst  other  projects,  they  resolved 
to  penetrate  into  Iar-Connaught,  and  seize  and  fortify  the  strongholds  there,  as 
ultimate  places  of  retreat,  to  enable  them  to  hold  out  the  longer  against  the  govern- 
ment. Morrough  of  the  battle-axes  communicated  their  plan  to  the  president  of 
the  Province,  who  immediately  proceeded,  with  his  disposable  force  and  cannon, 
to  Iar-Connaught ;  and  laid  seige  to  the  strong  castle  of  Achadh  na  n-Iubhar 
(Aghnanure),  then  held  by  the  descendants  of  Donell  O'Flaherty,  who  were  dis- 
affected to  the  State,  and  ready  to  join  the  Mac  an  Iarlas.  The  President  having 
taken  the  castle,  delivered  it  to  Morrough,  by  whom  it  was  soon  after  re-fitted  and 
fortified0 ;  and  it  thenceforth  became  the  principal  residence  of  himself  and  his  de- 
scendants. After  this,  he  rapidly  increased  in  power  and  possessions,  or,  as  described 
by  one  of  his  contemporaries,  he  "waxed  stronge."  The  Queen  had  it  in  contemplation 
to  raise  him  to  the  dignity  of  the  peerage1',  by  creating  him  a  baron,  but  that  inten- 
tion was  not  carried  into  effect.  Although,  in  general,  he  preserved  his  "  loialtie  to 
the  State,"  more  through  policy  than  inclination,  yet  he  was  guilty  of  frequent  and 
violent  acts  of  injustice  against  his  less  powerful  kindred  and  neighbours.  Of  those 
outrages,  I  select  one,  which  shall  be  told  in  the  words  of  the  parties  concerned ;  and 
will  be  found  to  present  a  curious  picture  of  the  state  of  society  at  this  period  in  Iar- 
Connaught. 

"  To  the  right  honorable  Sir  John  Perrott,  knight,  lo:  deputy 
of  her  Majesties  realm  of  Ireland.     A.D.  1584. 
"  Complaynninge  sheweth  unto  your  honnorable  good  lordshipp,  your  poore  and 
dayly  orator  Roger  Fflahartie  of  Moycullin'1  in  the  county  of  Gallwaie,  that  wher  he 

hath 
"  Gen.  Table,  II.  No.  34.  of  Banagher  was  rebuilt  by  O'Carroll  in  A.  D.  1544. 

0  About  this  period   several  of  the  Irish  chiefs       — Four  Masters, 
built  and  repaired  castles  in  various  parts  of  the  p  See  ante,  p.  307,  note,  par.  10. 

kingdom.     Thus  we  find  that  the  castle  of  Leitrim  1  Our  Author's  grandfather.     See  ante,  p  309, 

was  built  by  O'Rourke  in  A.  D.  1540,  and  the  castle       note  d. 

3D2 


3' 


hath  been  verie  unjustlie  and  tiraniously  expulsed  out  of  his  lands  and  inheritance  of 
Gnobegg,  in  the  said  countie.  and  his  castle  of  Moycullin  aforesaid  tab  .-  :.  and 

raised,  his  corne  burnt,  and  his  goods  and  catties  forciblie  taken  away  by  one  Morogke 
ne  doe  CP Fflahartie,  and  his  sonnes  and  ffollowers ;  and  the  renntes  and  proffitts  of  his 
said  launds  detained  these  ten  years  past,  with  certaine  unlawfull  contribucions  and 
ymposicions,  also  taken  and  exacted  by  the  said  Morogh,  uppon  and  out  of  your 
orator's  said  laund  of  Gnobeg,  countrarie  to  law  and  equitie,  as  by  a  note  hereof 
hereunto  annexed  more  particulerly  doth  appere  :  notwithstandinge  that  her  Ma- 
jestie's  most  honnorable  privie  counsaile,  hath  written  their  letters  unto  the  1L 
Justices  of  this  realme,  and  the  governnor  of  Connaght,  for  abolishinge  of  the  said 
unlawfull  ymposicions  and  exactions ;  contrary  to  divers  orders  sett  down  by  the 
severall  governors  of  this  realme,  for  redresse  of  the  harmes  comitted  unto  your  orator 
by  the  said  Moroghe.  And  for  as  much  as  the  said  Moroghe  never  came  in  to  any 
cessions  without  protection  or  some  other  assurance,  and  never  suffreth  any  of  her 
Majesties  officers  to  come  into  this  countrey  (a  greater  prerogative  than  any  subject 
ought  to  be  permitted  to  have)  whereby  your  orator  could  geatt  no  kind  of  restitucion 
or  remedy  against  him,  to  his  utter  undoinge  and  to  his  domadges  of  the  son. 
downe  in  the  said  note.  It  may  please  your  lo.  to  take  such  order  as  the  said 
Moroghe  maie  be  compelled  to  make  satisfaction  of  the  premisses,  and  to  desist  from 
hencforth  to  exact  any  such  thinge  out  of  the  said  countrey,  nor  interupt  your  orator 
in  the  quiet  and  peaceable  possession  of  his  said  inheritaunce,  and  he  shall  pray." — 
Ex  Orig. 

"  A  brief  noate  of  suck  lostes  and  domadges  as  Soger  Ffahertie  of 
Moycullin  gent,  hath   sustained  by  Moroghe  na  doe  0' FffaJiertie, 
his  sonnes  and  followers,  thes  tenne  yeares  j>ast.     May,  15*4- 
1.  Ffirst,  the  said  Moroghe  have  taken  upp  everie  yeare  out  of  the  said  " 
Rogers  owne  laundes  and  Inheritaunce  of  Gnobegg,  and  unlawfull 
contribucon,  never  used  afore  his  time,  of  the  some  of  xl.u  per  ann.  to  ;> 
say  xx.H  out  of  the  Spedle,  and  xx.u  out  of  Tollekihain  and  Balle 
Imulgauin.     So  it  amounts  theis  ten  years,  cc.u 
2    Itim,  he  hath  received  of  rente  out  of  the  said  Rogers  land.  - 
Bocunan,  Coyll  Roe,  Garmant  and  Ohaire,  the  some  of  ten"  stem  [ 
per  ann.  monting  theis  ten  yeares,  c.u 
3.  Itim,  he  hath  received  yearely  out  of  the  said  Rogers  laundes  in  ■ 
Cunamara,  vix.  Balle  mcEnry,  Bailie  I  luy,  Bailie  mcleymie,  and 
Ryne  myll  Ohuoy,  the  some  of  XL.  cowes  and  xx.1'  in  money  per  ann. 
which  amounteth  for  theis  tenn  yeares  iiiic  cowes  and  iic  u  in  money . 


\:  U. 

1111/  coves, 
n.c  li. 


IIII.    XX.  It. 


VIII.C  LV.  li. 


389 

4.  Itim,  he  hath  received  out  of  the  said  Eogers  laundes  of  Moycullin, ' 
to  say,  in  beoves,  corne,  butter,  and  money,  XL."  per  ann.  which 
amounteth  theis  ten  years  to  the  sum  of  iiii.cU,  with  xl.s  yearely  out 
of  Inish  mc  Trier,  maks 

5.  Itim,  in  an  order  for  buyldinge  the  castle  and  towne  of  Moy  Cullin  1 
aforesaid,   rased,  burned,  and  spoyled  by  him  the  said  Morogh,  his  j>         n.c  U. 
sonnes  and  followers,  the  som  of  ii.cli  J 

6.  Itim,  contained  in  the  said  Rogers  booke  againste  the  said  Moroghe ' 
and  his  sons  and  ffollowers,  in  prayes,  burning  of  corne  and  houses, 
besides  other  spoyles,  and  murtherin  of  his  tenauntes,  the  some  of 
vm.e  LVI." 

7.  Itim,  the  said  Rogers  chardges  theise  ten  yeares,  in  prosecutinge  and  \ 
folio winge  theis  suits,  cometh  to  the  some  of  m.h  sterr.  J 

Ex  oriq.  Sum  totall  is    <     947*  „ 

a  I  400  cowes. 

"  The  aunswere  of  Moroghe  ne  doe. 
"  Thereunto  cometh  the  said  Moroghe  and  saieth,  that  he  knoweth  not  what  landes 
or  tenementes  doth  the  complainante  demande,  for  the  truth  is,  that  Gnovegg  is  a 
great  pice  of  a  countrie,  wherein  many  freeholders  and  gent.,  as  well  of  other  nacons 
and  surnames  as  of  the  Fflaherties,  hath  severall  inheritaunces  and  freholds,  for  which 
eich  of  them  are  to  make  answer,  when  the  said  Roger  doe  or  will  exhibit  complaint 
against  them ;  wherfore  this  deff.  praieth  that  the  pi.  may  be  compelled  to  lay  downe 
in  his  bill,  in  certain,  what  towns  and  laundes  he  doth  demaunde  of  the  said  deff., 
that  he  may  make  answer  thereunto.  And  as  to  the  rasinge  and  breaking  downe  of 
the  castle  of  Muckullin,  the  deff.  saieth  that  divers  notorious  traytours,  as  Williame 
Negillaghe  O'Hallowran,  and  divers  other  notable  traytours  and  malefactours  of  the 
said  O'Hallorans,  did  garde  and  kepe  the  said  castle,  who  made  daily  incursions  out 
of  the  said  castle  uppon  her  Matics  good  subjectes  that  dwelled  in  the  countrie  there- 
aboutes,  and  comitted  divers  roberies,  spoiles,  and  owtrages  uppon  her  Ma"es  said 
subjectes,  to  ther  greate  hindraunce,  and  to  the  open  breach  of  her  Maties  peace ;  for 
redresse  whereof  the  said  deff.  was  forced,  being  then  as  nowe  he  is,  chief  captain  of 
that  countrie,  to  raise  upp  aforce  of  her  Ma"es  subjectes  to  withstand  and  represse  the 
owtragious  disorder  of  the  said  treytours,  which  he  could  be  no  meanes  bringe  to 
passe  till  such  tyme  as  he  toke  the  said  castle,  which  then,  for  the  comon  quiet,  he 
rased  and  defaced  some  part  thereof,  fearinge  least  the  said  malefactours,  or  others  of 
lick  disposicions,  would  inter  in  the  said  castle  againe,  and  of  new  fall  to  the  comittinge 

of 


39° 

of  like  hurttes :  without  that  he  burned  any  corne  in  the  said  towne  and  castle,  or 
toke  any  goods  from  thence,  which  if  he  had,  as  in  dede  he  did  not,  he  thincketh  that 
he  maie  lawfullie  doe,  seeinge  that  the  said  traitours  wer  with  the  corne  and  cattle  of 
the  said  towne  (yf  any  ther  wear)  from  tyme  to  tyme  relived  and  maintained,  as  the 
said  deff.  can  sufficiently  prowe;  without  that  the  said  Morogh  hath  tiranously 
or  wrongfullie  expulsed,  or  in  any  other  maner  deseised  the  said  Roger  of  the  said 
castle,  as  in  the  bill  is  slaunderously  alledged  ;  and  without  that  the  said  castle  and 
towne  doe  wholly  belong  to  the  said  pi.  And  as  to  the  goods,  money,  cowes,  rente, 
and  other  thinge  taken  owt  of  the  townes,  laied  down  in  the  first,  second,  and  third 
article  annexed  unto  the  compl9  bill,  the  said  Moroghe  saieth,  that  whatsoever  he  hath 
taken  owt  of  the  said  towns,  that  he  is  not  to  make  any  answer  unto  the  pL  ther- 
fore,  for  that  of  verie  truth,  neither  the  thinge  taken,  nor  the  lande  mencioned  in  the 
said  articles,  are  not  the  proper  goodes  nor  in  any  wise  the  lande  of  the  pi.  But  for 
verie  truth  and  to  satisfie  your  Honnor,  rather  then  of  any  neces-itie  that  he  ought 
to  answer  the  plaintif,  he  saieth  that  he  is,  by  her  Ma'ies  apointm',  capten  and  chief 
both  of  his  conntrey  and  nacon,  in  right  whereof  as  a  perquisitt,  remit,  and  chiefferie 
belonginge  to  the  said  captain,  he  doth  and  did  take  upp  yearely,  accordinge  to  the 
custome  of  the  said  countrie,  such  dewties  as  belongeth  to  the  said  captenshipp,  as 
all  those  (tyme  out  of  mynd  hath  done  before  him)  that  had  and  enjoyed  his  rome, 
which,  as  the  deff.  thinketh,  is  that  thinge  that  the  compl.  Laieth  downe  in  the  said 
Articles  to  be  wrongfully  taken.  And  as  to  the  beoves,  corne.  and  other  thinge 
taken  owt  of  Muckellin  contained  in  the  fowcrth  article,  the  delf.  saieth  that  he  toke 
no  more  there  then  that  which  he  ought  to  have  taken  a<  in  right  of  his  said  oa 
shipp,  which  in  dede  is  not  nere  so  much  as  the  compl.  complaineth  of,  yf  it  be  any 
thinge  at  all,  and  withall  saieth.  that  if  ther  were  any  ca  mplaint,  as  in  dede 

there  is  not,  that  the  compl.  hath  no  cause  to  complaine  but  only  for  the  vm"1  parte. 
for,  in  truth,  he  is  not,  nor  in  right  ought  not  to  have,  but  only  the  eight  ]  tl 
that  towne  and  castle;  and  as  for  the  order  mencioned  in  the  vth  artii  th  he 

ought  not  in  conscience  to  be  tied  or  hindered  thereby,  for  that  he  was  never  called  to 
answer  thereunto,  and  that  the  said  order  was  taken  onely  uppon  ban  .  >ns  of 

the  compl.  To  the  VIth  article  the  deff.  saieth  that  he  knoweth  not  what  is  men 
in  the  bookes  of  the  compl.,  which,  when  he  shall  see,  will  make  such  answer  there- 
unto as  becometh.  And  saieth  further,  that  he  thincketh  (not  confessinge  any  thinge 
in  the  said  article  to  be  true)  that  the  compl.  tenauntes  never  had  so  many  kyne. 
And  as  to  the  VIIth  article,  he  saieth  that  he  is  not  bounde  by  lawe  nor  consch 
answer  any  chardges  that  the  compl.  was  at.  for  that  if  he  did  spend  so  much,  that 
the  same  was  for  his  owne  pleasure,  and  not  of  any  neeessitie  that  he  was  driwen 

into 


39i 

into  by  the  deff.,  for  the  deff.  did  never  at  any  tyme  withhold  or  kepe  any  thinge 
from  him  that  of  right  he  ought  to  have.  And  the  said  deff.  saieth  further,  that  if 
he  were,  as  in  dede  he  is  not,  to  answer  or  satisffie  the  compl.  for  any  wronge, 
domadges,  chardges,  reparacons,  or  other  demaundes  what  soever,  that  nowe  he 
is  clerely  dischardged  thereof,  by  reason  that  it  was  fully  agreed  betwixt  the  said 
Roger  and  Moroghe  na  doe,  that  the  said  Roger  should  cleerly  forgive  all  manner  of 
wronges,  enjuries  and  demaundes  whatsoever  he  had  against  the  said  Moroghe,  in  con- 
sideracon  that  he,  the  said  Morogh,  should  give  leave  and  permitt  the  pi.  to  build  the 
castle  of  Moclrallin,  and  that  the  said  Moroghe  should  lickwise  release  and  forgive  all 
manner  of  demandes  that  he  had  against  the  compl.,  save  onely  such  right  he  lawfullie 
hath  to  the  said  castle,  as  by  good  and  sufficient  prouf  shall  apere  before  your  honnor." 

"  Referred  to  Sir  Richarde  Binghame,  Knt.,  to  take  order  thereon.  Jo.  Perrott." 
—Orig. 

The  foregoing  documents  are  preserved  in  the  old  collegiate  library  of  Galway. 
The  following  testimony,  afterwards  given  between  the  contending  parties,  has  been 
abstracted  from  the  Patent  Roll,  de  anno  29°  ElizT. 

"  Depositions  taken  ad  perpetuam  ret  memoriam  the  xx"  Aug.  1585. 

"  Teige  ne  bully  O'Flaherty8,  of  the  Arde,  in  the  county  of  Gahvay,  esq.,  of 
the  adge  of  threescore  years  or  there- aboutes,  saieth,  that  Gnobegg  was  the  auncient 
enheretance  of  GilledufF  O'Flahertie  ;  that  he  had  it  to  him  and  to  his  children  ;  and 
that  he  died  seized  thereof  and  his  heires  had  it  after  him.     Also  saith  there  was  an 
elder  brother  that  had  no  parte  or  portion  of  Gnobegg,  but  had  his  porcon  in  another 
place,  called  Gnomore.     Gnobegg  doth  conteyne  the  townes  of  Moycullen,  and  is  the 
chief  towne  in  the  same,  and  also  the  chief  towne  of  Clonduff,  the  townes  of  Bally- 
nacgillevay,  Theowre,  Killeahin,  Curraghduff,  the  town  of  Cosshoone,  the  towne  or 
great  quarter  of  Barney,  the  towne  of  Forbaugh,  the  quarter  of  Spiddell,  the  Kcyl- 
leroe,  Moyaskrogh  and  Bocnua,   the  towne  of  Ogharry,  the  towne  of  Tulkian,  the 
towne  of  Mulgorme,  the  towne  of  Ballequirke,  the  towne  of  Curcullen,  the  parcelles 
of  land  called  Lettermillanie  and  Germana,  the  islande  called  Inish  Mc  a  trire,  with 
the  lands  of  Connomarra,  Airdbeara,  Baillenlemy,  Baile-I-wile,  and  Runvyleohway. 
Gnobegg  is  bounded  from  Srwan  I  gravan  hard  to  Galway,  saveinge  the  liberties, 
and  so  alonge  the  ryver  of  Donkeylie'  to  Galway  aforesaid  by  easte.     Hughe  More 
Mc  GylledufF  was  son  and  heire  to  Gilleduff,  and  his  best  son,  and  was  possessed  of  all 
Gnobegg.     Hugh  Oge  O'Flahertie,  grandfather  to  Roger  O'Flahertie,  was  son  to  the 
said  Hugh  more,  and  the  premisses  dissended  to  him,  and  that  the  said  Hugh  o°-e  was 
seised  of  Moycullen  to  him  and  his  heirs,  and  died  seized  of  the  same.     Saith,  that 

Moriertagh 
r  Rolls  Office,  Dublin.  s  Gen.  Table,  II.  No.  35.  «   See  ante,  p.  62,  note  *. 


392 

Moriertagh  O'Fflahertie,  father  to  the  said  Roger,  was  son  and  heir<-  unto  the  said 
Hugh  oge,  and  he  never  knew  any  of  that  nacon  to  clayme  anie  thinge  of  the  pre- 
misses but  he ;  that  there  is  no  other  sonnes  to  the  said  Roger,  and  that  he  is  his 
right  and  lawfull  son  and  heire.  For  cause  of  knowledge  saith.  that  he  knew  the 
said  Murtagh  to  be  married  to  Evelin  ny  Kirevan,  during  which  mariadge  the  said 
Roger  was  borne.  That  O'Flahertie  did  use  to  eate  meate  amongst  them,  and  monie 
paied  to  him.  That  he  herd  the  secte  of  the  parcelles,  now  inhibitors  of  the  said  land 
confesse  that  there  was  due  to  the  secte  of  Gilleduff  40  pence  sterlinge  of  annuall 
rent,  but  nowe  of  late  Morogh  ne  do  waxing  stronge,  took  the  rent  lie  herd  saie. 

"Connor  Conny  O'Dowean  (Duane)  of  Bonoen,  agreth  with  the  said  Teigein  mat- 
ter and  substance.  Saith,  that  he  is  serjeant  of  O'Fflaherties  countrie,  and  so  was  his 
father  before  him ;  and  that  he  heard  the  premisses  of  his  father  and  other  auncient 
men,  and  thereoff  in  his  own  tyme  did  see  verye  muche. 

"  John  Bley,  priest,  of  the  adge  of  70  yeares  or  thereabout^,  saith,  that  for  Gille- 
duff he  did  not  knowe  him,  but  he  sawe  and  knewe  his  sept  to  have  and  enjoy  the 
foresaid  Gnobegg.  The  cause  of  his  knowledge  is,  that  he  was  parish  priest  of  the 
said  Gnobegg  all  that  time,  being  about  fortie  yeres  agoe,  and  amongest  the  benefac- 
tors of  the  churche  did  finde  him  written,  and  did  pray  for  him  accordinge  their 
customs.  Agreeeth  with  the  first  precontest  in  all  points,  and  touching  all  thetownes 
and  landes  aforesaid,  savinge  Leytermylian,  Garmana.  Connomarra,  and  Inche  mc  Atrire. 
Saith,  that  Mortagh  O'Fflahertie,  son  to  the  said  Hugh  Oge.  and  father  to  the  ^ayd 
Roger,  was  slayn  in  the  said  castle  of  Moycullen  ;  &  ther  is  no  doubt  but  that  the 
said  Roger  O'Flahertie  is  the  right  and  legittimate  son  and  heire  to  the  said  Murt:  - 
for  he  saieth,  that  the  said  Mortagh  and  Evelin  Kirevan.  hi-  wife,  were  maried,  and, 
as  he  remembreth,  yt  was  himself  that  baptized  the  said  Roger. 

"  Dermott  Mac  Murroughe  of  Bally mulgromie,  in  said  co.,  of  the  adge  of  60 
years,  saieth  that  Hugh  oge  was  son  to  Hugh  more,  aforesaid:  and  was  '  (  »'Flahi  1 
and  father  unto  Murtagh,  father  unto  the  said  Roger,  and  wa-  seized  of  the  towne  of 
Moycullen,  with  the  appurtenances  aforesaid,  before  he  was  O'Flahertie  and  a:- 
and  thereof  died  seized ;  and  further  saith  he,  to  prove  the  same  true,  the  said 
Murtagh  was  slayne  by  the  sect  of  Edmond  O'Flahertie,  viz  Bryen  O'Flaherty,  and 
Donell  Crona,  who  is  yet  alyve,  and  the  sect  of  Moriertagh  Ri  :;er,  and  four 

of  his  son  and  that  the  said  Hugh  oge,  then  O'Flahertie,  and  grandfather  to  the 
said  Roger,  was  taken  by  the  uiurderers,  and  with  them  detayned  without  meate  and 
drunke,  untill  he  died  by  famyn  att  Moycullen  aforesaid.  That  O'Flahertie.  viz. 
Hugh  oge,  and  his  son  Murtagh  O'Flaherty,  had  oute  of  the  islands  Eddy  the 
annuall  rent  of  ten  grotes  sterling,  as  their  inheritance     That  he  is  a  freeholder  in 

that 


393 

that  country,  and  were  borne  in  the  said  Gnobegg,  and  hath  remembrance  thereof 
these  fiftie  yeares,  and  hath  kept  howse  uppon  and  within  the  same,  cheefe  thirteen 
yeares,  and  so  deposed. 

"  Teige  Mac  Fynnine  O'Halloran  of  Ohayry  in  the  said  countie,  gent.,  of  the 
adge  of  70  yeares,  sworn,  saith,  that  O'Flahertie  had  services  and  duties  out  of  every 
parte  of  Gnobegg,  and  that  he  himself  did  paie  him  duty  oute  of  his  own  land  when 
he  dwelled  under  him.  That  the  said  Roger's  auncestors  had  an  annuall  rent  oute  of 
the  Islands  Eddy,  but  what  some  certaine  he  knoweth  not.  The  cause  of  his  knowledge 
in  the  premisses  is,  that  he  was  born  in  the  said  Gnobegg,  att  Renveile-Owhoye,  and 
dwelt  in  Gnobegg  many  yeres,  until  aboute  8  or  9  yeres  agoe  he  was  driven  away  and 
thrust  oute  of  his  castles  and  lands  by  his  kinsmen,  Moroghe  ne  doo,  since  which 
time  he  hath  dwelt  in  Clanricard. 

"  Owen  Mc  Teige  of  Clonduff  in  the  said  county,  gent.,  of  thadge  of  60  yeres, 
saith,  that  Hugh  oge  was  son  to  the  sd  Hugh  more,  and  '  lord  O'Flahertie  :'  that  he 
herd  say  that  Eoger,  his  predecessor,  had  as  of  anuall  rent  the  some  of  3s'  4d'  oute  of 
the  Islands  of  Eddy  ;  the  cause  of  his  knowledge  is,  that  he  sawe  the  said  Roger's 
grandfather,  Hugh  oge  O'Flahertie,  aforesaid,  to  be  '  Lord  O'Flahertie'  in  the  pre- 
misses, and  never  sawe  any  man  to  speake  any  thinge  against  him  in  the  same,  and 
was  born  in  the  countrie,  as  in  Clonduff,  and  there  hath  dwelled  all  his  life. 

"  Dermott  Mc  Brien  of  Tullykean  in  the  said  com.,  gent.,  of  thadge  of  50  yeres, 
saith,  that  the  said  Hugh  oge  was  '  O'Flahertie,'  and  died  seized  of  the  premisses  as 
of  his  inheritaunce,  and  was  son  to  the  said  Hugh  more ;  and  to  verefie  the  same,  he 
saith  that  when  his  son,  Mortagh  O'Flahertie,  was  slayn  in  Moycullen,  he  himself 
was  taken  by  the  murderers  and  detayned  by  them  untill  he  died  at  Moycullen. 

"  Owen  M"  Dermod  O'Hallaraine  of  Barney,  gent.,  of  thadge  of  50  yeres, 
saith  Hugh  more  was  son  to  Gilleduff,  as  he  hath  hard,  and  had  the  premisses,  and 
was  chief  lord ;  and  Hugh  oge  was  son  to  the  said  Hugh  more,  and  was  '  O'Ffla- 
hertie.' 

"Morogh  Mc  Gilleduff  Shoyogh  {Joyce)  of  Sean  Ballyard  gent.,  of  thadge  of 
40  yeres,  saith  that  Roger's  auncestors  had  3s'  4d'  sterling  of  annuall  rent  oute  of  the 
Islands  Eddy,  for  he  sawe  the  same  paid  to  the  said  Roger's  father,  Moriertagh 
O'Fflahertie.  The  cause  of  his  knowledge  is,  that  he  was  bredd  and  borne  in  Gnobegg, 
and  there  lyved  and  dwelt  until  the  said  Roger's  father  and  brethern  were  there 
slayne,  and  then  they  were  all  thrust  oute  by  Moroghe  ny  doo. 

"  Morertagh  Mc  Donell  of  the  Spiddle  gent.,  of  thadge  of  60  yeres,  saith,  that 
Hugh  more  Mc  Gilleduff  was  "  O'Flaherty,"  and  held  all  Gnobegg  as  well  before  he 
was   '  O'Flaherty'  as  after,  and  thereof  died  seized  as  of  his  inheritaunce  ;  that  Hugh 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5.  3  E  Oge 


394 


oge  was  seised  of  the  premisses  as  of  his  inheritaunce ;  that  Moriertagh  father  to  the 
said  Roger  was  son  to  the  said  Hugh  oge,  and  was  slayne  with  four  of  his  tonnes  art 
Moycullen;  and  that  there  belongeth  to  that  (Gilleduff's)  sect  out  of  Island  Eddy 
3s-  4d-  sterling,  for  he  was  with  Morertagh,  father  to  the  said  Soger,  in  Gallway. 
drinking  wine,  when  the  same  was  paid  to  him  by  the  Parcelles." — Orig.  lioU. 

These  disputes  were  probably  arranged,  about  the  time  that  the  Composition  was 
entered  into  in  September,  1585,  with  Sir  John  Perrott,  for  the  Queenc.  Immediately 
previous  to  that  measure,  and  as  part  of  the  preparation  for  it,  the  degree  of  knight- 
hood was  conferred  on  Morrough  of  the  battle-axes  ;  but  so  far  was  that  long-contem- 
plated arrangement  from  pacifying  the  province,  that  it  appears  rather  to  have  occa- 
sioned the  outrages  which  followed'1.  The  indenture  wa-  scarcely  signed,  when  Sir 
Richard  Bingham,  himself  a  party  to  it,  "  dispatched  seven  or  eight  bands  of  soldiers" 
to  Iar-Connaught,  who  plundered  and  burned  the  country  of  Sir  Morrough,  and  slew 
"men,  women,  and  children"  indiscriminately  throughout  the  entire  district'.  These 
proceedings  so  enraged  the  ill-treated  chieftain,  that  he  at  once  forgot  his  new  "  degree 
of  knight-hode,"  abandoned  all  his  former  deep  and  cautious  policy,  and,  in  an  evil 

moment, 


c  So  hostile  were  the  O'Flaherties  to  the  Compo- 
sition, that  not  one  of  the  name,  except  Murrough 
himself,  acknowledged  or  executed  the  indenture; 
they  would  not  even  allow  any  of  the  other  freeholders 
of  the  district  to  appear  on  the  occasion.  The  clause 
alluding  to  "  the  just  dealings  of  Sir  Richard  ]iin_- 
hame"  (see  ante,  p.  312),  was  considered  so  false 
and  insulting,  that  they  unanimously  refused  to 
subscribe  to  it.  That  extraordinary  man  was  uni- 
versally detested  by  the  native  Irish.  They  con- 
sidered him  as  a  sanguinary  monster,  and  full  dearly 
did  he  make  them  pay  for  the  imputation.  An  ac- 
count of  his  proceedings,  and  there  are  abundant 
materials  for  it,  would  form  a  most  interesting  piece 
of  Irish  history. 

d  Sir  Murrough  steadfastly  adhered  to  the  Compo- 
sition until  he  was  forced  into  rebellion,  as  above. 
In  A.  D.  1585,  he  attended  the  Parliament  which  met 
in  Dublin.  While  there,  an  information  was  exhi- 
bited against  him  by  one  William  Sweete,  to  recover 
the  penalties  incurred  under  the  Act  10  Hen.  VII.. 
against  Retainers:  "For  that,  on  the  1st  April,  in 
the  27th  year  of  the  Queen's  reign,  the  said  Morroghe 


ne  Dowe,  knight,  at  Kilmavnham,  in  the  county  of 
Dublin,  retained  in  his  service  William  Martvn, 
Anthony  Lynch  Fitz-Thomas.  Stephen  Eo  French, 
and  Cornelius  OTLilimn.  of  the  town  of  Galway. 
merchants ;  and  gave  to  them  four  several  cloaks  for 
their  liven',  to  serve  him,  the  said  Morroghe  na 
Dowe,  knight,  as  reteyneiB,  against  the  form  of  the 
statute  aforesaid  :  .'Jiam 

Sweete,  a*  well  for  the  said  lady  the  tjueen.  a-  far 
himself,  seeks  the  advice  of  the  Court  in  the  pre- 
mises,  and  that   the  aforesaid  Morroghe  ne  D 
knight,  shall  forf  il   £&  afore- 

said persons  so  by  him  retained  £2u.  and  that  the 
same  William  a  moiety  thereof  may  have,  according 
to  the  form  of  the  statute.*'  See. — Hot.  Mem,  ta  OJftt. 
Cap.  Rem.  Scacc.  de  an.  28°  Eliz. 

Among  the  slain  was  Owen,  the  eldest  son  of 
Domhnaill  an  chogaidh  (Gen.  Table.  II.  No.  37).  who. 
and  his  brother.  Morogh,  were  named  as  contracting 
parties  in  the  deed  of  Composition  dated  a  few  months 
before.  Their  mother  was  the  celebrated  Grauna 
Weale.     See  ante,  p.  309.  n  I 


395 

moment,  joined  the  confederates,  and  raised  the  standard  of  rebellion  against  the 
Queen.  In  the  numerous  conflicts  which  followed,  and  which  will  be  found  detailed 
in  the  Annals  so  often  referred  to,  his  losses  were  immense.  His  country  was  repeat- 
edly plundered,  and  several  of  his  sons  (of  whom  he  had  twelve)  and  grandsons  were 
slain  and  executed.  These  reverses  brought  Sir  Morrough  to  his  senses.  He  soon 
repented  of  his  rashness,  suddenly  withdrew  from  the  confederacy,  repaired  to  Dublin, 
submitted,  and  craved  pardon.  He  then  surrendered  all  his  titles  and  possessions  to 
the  Crown,  in  the  following  terms  : 

"Know  all  men  that  I  Sir  Morough  ne  doe  O'Flahertie  knight,  do  hereby  sur- 
render all  my  castles  and  lands  within  the  baronies  of  Moycullen,  Rosse  and  Ballyna- 
hinchy,  in  the  county  of  Galway  \the  castles  and  lands  are  all  named],  and  also  that  I 
do  disclaim  and  surrender,  for  ever,  the  name  and  title  of  chieftain,  and  the  name  of 
O'Flahertie,  and  all  Irish  customs  to  the  same  name  belonging :  Provided  always 
that  this  surrender  shall  not  affect  the  right  of  any  other  person,  to  any  of  the  pre- 
misses aforesaid.  Sealed  with  my  seal,  the  ioth  day  of  January,  in  the  30th  year  of 
the  Queen's  reign.  Mem.  quod  die  et  anno  supradictis,  prefatus  Murogh  ne  doe 
O'Flahertie,  apud  domum  de  Sancto  Sepulcro  juxta  Dublin,  scrip  turn  supradictum  ut 
ejus  sursum-redditionem  cognovit,  ac  ut  factum  suum  in  manibus  venerand.  &c. 
Adami  Dublin  Archiepiscopi*,  ad  usum  Domine  Regine,  ultro  et  sponte  tradebat — 
MORGHE  NE  DOE  +  is  marcke8."  This  surrender  was  followed  by  a  pardon,  and 
a  grant  of  all  his  manors,  lordships,  castles,  and  lands  "  in  O'Flahertie's  country,  in 
the  baronies  of  Moculyne,  Ballinehensie  and  Rosse  in  the  counties  of  Galway  and 
Mayo,  called  Iher-Connoght  ;  or  otherwise  known  by  the  names  of  Gnomore, 
Gnobegg,  Conomarra  and  le  Joyes'  country,  to  him  his  heirs  and  assigns  for  ever,  to 
be  held  of  the  Queen,  as  of  her  manor  of  Arkyn  in  the  great  island  of  Arin1'."     These 

ample 

1  To  induce  the  Irish  chieftains  to  embrace  the  Pro-  priest,  by  whom  he  is  seduced."  MS.  Lib.  Trin. 
testant  religion,  and  go  to  church,  was  one  of  the  great  Coll.  Dub.  How  far  Sir  Morrough,  when  deli ver- 
objects  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  government  in  Ireland.  ing  his  surrender  as  above  to  the  Archbishop  of  Dub- 
Thus,  captain  Thomas  Lee,  in  his  declaration  to  the  lin,  one  of  the  most  zealous  reformers  of  his  time, 
Queen,  A.  D.  1594,  writes  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  :  may  have  proved  conformable  in  religion,  has  never 
"  When  he  is  with  the  state,  he  will  accompany  the  been  ascertained. 

Lord  Deputy  to  the  church,  and  home  again,  and  will  S  Fiant.  File  81,  No.  5945,  Rolls'  Office,  Dublin, 

stay  and  hear  service  and  sermon ;  they  (the  Eng-  h  lb.  Fiant,    12th  Jan.  30th  Eliz.     This  was  an 

lish  of  the  Pale)   as  soon  as  they  have  brought  the  extensive  grant,   or,  in  the  language  of  its  day,   a 

Lord  Deputy  to  the  church  door,  depart  as  if  they  "  sweeping"  one ;  for  Sir  Morrough  had  no  territorial 

were  wild  cats,  and  are  obstinate,   but  he  (in  my  rights  whatever  beyond  his  paternal  inheritance  of 

conscience)  with  good  conference,  would  be  reform-  Gnomore.     But  such  grants  were  common  in  Ireland, 

ed ;    for  he  hath  only  one  little  cub  of  an  English  Many  extraordinary  instances  of  the  kind  are  re- 

3E2 


396 

ample  "  graces"  were  not  conferred  by  the  "  State,"  without  ample  engagements  on 
the  part  of  Sir  Murrough.  The  principal  of  these  was  the  pacification  of  Connaught; 
and  in  this  project  he  succeeded  so  well  with  the  leaders  of  the  rebellion,  that  they 
agreed  to  lay  down  their  arms,  and  submit  themselves  to  the  mercy  of  the  Queen. 
A  time  was  accordingly  appointed  for  that  important  service  The  Lord  Deputy,  with 
several  members  of  the  Privy  Council,  met  the  insurgent  chiefs ;  and  the  folio* 
submission  and  "  Articles  of  Peace"  were  entered  into  : 
"  W.  Fitzwilliam. 

"WHEREAS  Sir  Moroughe  ne  doe  O'Flartie  of  Ere-Connaght,  chief  of  hi 
William  Burke,  alias  the  blind  abbott,  eldest  of  the  low  Burke^,  Edmond  Burke 
Mc  Thomas  Evagherye,  Meyler  oge  Mc  Walter  Fadda  Burke,  David  ODowde  chief  of 
his  name,  Hugh  DufFe  McMoroghe  O'Flartie,  Shane  M'Moriee,  Walter  Me  Tibott 
alias  Mc  Tibott,  Shane  Mc  Thomas,  Tibott  Eeoghe  Mc  Tibott  M'Gibbo 
O'Donell,  Edmond  Mc  Tibott,  Robert  O'Mayle,  Walter  Kittaghe  Burke.  Walter  ne 
(  )  Teg  roe  O'Mayle,  and  Dualtaghe  O'Connor  of  tip-  sepl   of  O'Connor  Dan, 

beinge  the  chiefe  and  principall  of  such  as  latelye  entered  into  action  of  rebellion  in  th.- 
county  of  Mayo,  and  in  the  country  of  Ire-Conaght,  the  most  of  them  brought  into 
Galway  against  the  comminge  of  us  the  1.  Deputy,  1.  Primett,  the  1.  Bishop  i  :  M 
Sir  Robert  Dillon  and  Sir  Thomas  Le  Strange  knights,  commiss 
that  service,  ffare  as  Galway  aforesayed,  the  12  of  this  June  1589,  in  the  bodie  of  8 
Nicholas'  church,  exhibited  to  the  Right  honorable  Sir  William  Fitzwilliam,  knight, 
lord  deputy,  and  the  councell  then  present,  upon  their  knees,    there  hm 
sion,  the  teneur  whereof  ensueth. 

"To  the  Right  honorable  Sir  William  Fitzwilliam  knight,    1.  I  ral  of 

Ireland.     In  most  humble  manner,  and  according  to  the  1 

dutie  to  the  Queen's  most  gratious  majestie,  her  royall  crowne  and  dignitie.  and 
to  your  honorable  good  1.  makethe  our  lowlye  and  humble  submission.   Sir  M 
O'Flartie,  knight,  chief  of  his  name,  William  Burke  alias  the  blind  abbott,   chi 
the  low  Burkes,    Edmond  Burke  Mc  Thomas  Evagherie,    Walter  Mae   Tibot  abas 
Mc  Tibott,  Edmond  Mc  Tibott,  and  others  now  present,  to  the  Queen's  majestie  and 
most  benigne  favor,  and  to  her  crowne  and  scepter,  and  also  to  your  gcx>d  lord,  as  well 
for  our  selves,  being  now  present,  and  sett  upon  our  knees  before  your  L  with  lamen- 
tation and  grief  for  our  unhappye  revolt  from  our  naturall  dutie  and  allegiana.     - 
also  for  all  and  singular  our  tenants,  followers  and  servants,   and  all  other  our  most 
unhappie  associates  in  this  hatefull,  odious  action,  raysed,  put  in  execution  and  prac- 
tised 

corded,  particularly  in  the  sixteenth  and  seventeenth       Feb.  S"  Jac.  I.,   and  preserved  in  Offic.  Cap.  Rem. 
centuries.     The  above  surrender  and  grant  will  be       Scacc.  Dub. 
found,   in  hac  verba,  in  an  Inquisition  taken   7th 


397 

tised  in  the  county  of  Mayo,  and  the  countrie  of  Ire-Conaght,  or  elsewhere  whereso- 
ever within  the  province  of  Connaght,  whereof  we,  for  us  all,  being  from  them 
hereunto  authorysed,  and  they  swore  and  bound  to  us  by  oathe  and  faythe,  to  con- 
forme  and  stand  to  what  orders  or  conditions  soever  we  should  agree  and  consent  unto, 
Do  not  onlye  acknowledge  ourselves  to  be  right  heavye  and  humbly  sorry,  even  from 
the  bottom  of  our  hearts,  the  cause  or  occasion  thereof  whatsoever,  notwithstanding ; 
but  also  we  here  do  offer,  for  and  in  the  name  of  us  all,  to  stand  and  performe  what 
order  soever  your  good  1.  and  her  Majesties  privie  council  here,  shall  order  and  sett 
down,  as  well  for  our  former  faults  in  this  and  late  falling  from  our  duties,  as  also  for  our 
unfayned,  loyall  and  dutifull  obedience  to  her  Majestie,  her  crowne  and  dignitie,  during 
our  natural  lives  hereafter,  most  humbly  hassuring  your  honorable  1.  to  accept  this 
our  humble  and  unfayned  submission;  and  that  we  may  tast  of  her  Majesties  most 
gracious  mercy,  as  many  others  as  grevious  and  hatefull  offenders  heretofore  have 
been.  And  we,  from  the  bottom  of  our  hearts,  according  to  our  bounden  duties, 
shall,  not  onlie  daylie  and  continually,  most  humbly  praye  for  our  most  gracious 
sovereigne  ladye  and  Queene,  long  to  raygne  with  prosperitie  over  us,  with  faythfull 
promise  of  the  venture  of  our  lives,  and  the  spendinge  of  our  lands  and  goods  to  serve 
her  Majestie  att  all  tymes,  but  allso  for  your  honnours  longe  to  continew  in  honoura- 
ble state  amongst  us. 

"  Upon  which  there  petition  and  humble  submission,  we  the  1.  dep.  and  the  rest 
of  her  Majesties  councell  (whose  names  are  subscribed)  entringe  into  the  considera- 
tion of  the  matters,  and  of  the  great  desire  they  have  to  yeald  themselves  to  her 
Majesties  grace  and  mercy,  and  to  stand  to  such  directions  and  orders  as  we,  in  the 
behalfe  of  her  Highness,  shall  set  down,  have  with  the  full  and  whole  consent  of  the 
sayed  Sir  Morogh  o'flarte,  William  Burke,  Meyler  oge,  Hugh  Duffe  Mc  Morogh, 
O'Dowde,  Shane  Mc  Morice,  "Walter  Tibott,  Shane  Mc  Thomas,  Tibott  Reoghe  Mc  Tibott 
Mc  Gibbon,  (  )  O'Donell,  Walter  Kittaghe  Bourke,  Walter  ne  Mullye,  Teig  roe 
O'Mayle,  and  Dualtagh  O'Connor  of  the  sept  of  O'Connor  Dun,  concluded,  ordered 
and  agreed,  in  manner  and  forme  followinge: — 

"  i.  First,  that  every  sept  shall  deliver  in  suche  sufficient  pledges  for  the  obser- 
vation of  the  peace,  and  for  their  loyalties  and  obedience  to  her  Majestie  and  the  state, 
as  wee  the  1.  Dep.  and  councell  shall  nominate  and  think  meet. 

"  2.     That  the  sayd  Sir  Moroghe,  and  the  rest  of  the  Burke's  and  others  above 

named,  with  the  rest  of  their  confederates,   shall  presently  disperse  their  forces,  and 

everyone  torepayre  to  his  habitation,  and  to  live  as  becometh  goode  and  dutifull  subjects. 

"  3.     They  shall  forthwith  deliver  to  the  1.  Deputy,  such  Spaniards,   Portagalls, 

and  other  foreigners  of  the  Spanish  fleets,  as  are  now  amongst  them. 

4- 


398 

4.  "  The  said  Sir  Moroghe,  and  the  sept  above  named,  -hall  make  satisfaction  of 
all  spoyles  and  hurtes  done  by  them,  since  the  first  day  of  intelligeances  of  the  Com- 
missioners, as  the  1.  Dep.  shall  nominate  and  appoint  for  that  pur; 

6.  "  They  shall  pay  such  fine  to  the  use  of  her  Majestic,  for  their  undutiful 
breaking  out  into  action  of  rebellion,  as  the  1.  Dep.  shall  lay  down. 

7.  "  All  which  beinge  performed  by  the  sayde  Sir  Moroghe  and  the  rest,  accord- 
ing the  expresse  meaninge  hereof,  then  they  and  every  of  them  to  have  her  Majestie's 
gracious  generall  pardon  for  there  offences  past.  IN  WITNESS  whereof,  we  the  L 
Dep.  and  the  rest  of  her  Majesties  councell  have  hereunto  put  our  hands,  and  for  the 
better  accomplishment  of  the  premises,  the  said  Sir  Morogh  and  the  rest  above  named, 
in  behalf  of  themselves  and  of  the  rest  of  there  confederates,  have  likewise  hereu: 
put  their  hands.  At  Galway  the  20th  of  June,  in  the  31  yeare  of  the  reigne  of  our 
sovereign  ladye  Elizabeth,  by  the  grace  of  God,  queei:'  of  England,  France  and  Ire- 
land, defender  of  the  fayth,  &c. — In  the  presence  of  the  Archbishop  of  Tuam,  the  Erie 
of  Clanricard,  the  Bishop  of  Kildare,  the  Bishop  of  Elfin,  the  Bishop  of  Kilmacoughe, 
the  Lord  Birmingham,  the  Lord  of  Trimlaston,  the  Baron  of  Donkallin,  Sir  Snl 
Burke  (  )  Mc  Davie  knight,  the  mayor  and  aldermen  of  Galway,  and  divers 
others  whose  names  thereupon  endorsed. 

"William  Burke  the  Blind  Abbott's marke,  4-. — mr  Moroghe  ne  doe 
O'Flartie's  marke  +. — Walter  Kittagh  Burke's  marke  +. — 
Dualtaghe  O'Connor's  marke  -{-. — Tig  Roe  O'Mayley's  mark.  +. — 

Robert  O'Mayley's  marke  +. — Water   he  Mully's  marke  -+• 

Edm.  M?  Tibbott's  marke  +. — Tibbott  M'  Gibbon's  marke   -f . — 
Shane  Ml  Morice's  marke  +•—  Shank  M'  Thomas's  marke  +. 
John  Armachan. — Thomas  Midensis. — Robert  Dillon. — Lucas  Dil- 
lon— Thos.  Le  Strange. — Geofroy  Fentun. 
"  Subscribed  by  the  parties  within  named,  and  they  solempnilie  swore  upon  the 
hollye  Evangelists,  as  well  for  the  performance  of  the  peace,  and  all  and  every  the  arti- 
cles within  conteyned,  as  for  their  loyalties  and  duties  to  her  Majesty  henceforth ;   and 
for  payment  of  her  Majesties  Composition  money,   in  the  presence  of  those  whose 
names  are  underwritten. 

"W.  Tuamens U.  Clanricard. — Peter    Trimelston. — R.    Dunkel- 

lin Ed.  Athenry. — Thomas  Dillon. — Andrew  Morris.  M. 

Galway — Ricard    Burke. — Nath.   Dillon. — Will.  Bowen. — Will. 
Martin,   Sheriff  of  the  Co.  of  Galway. — Dominick   Browne. — F;.a. 

Sheres Edw.  Birmingham George  Morice.  baylife  of  Galway." 

[Brit.  Museum,  Cotton,  Titus  B,  xiii.  fo.  446.] 

This 


399 

This  was  the  last  political  act  of  the  life  of  Sir  Murrough  ne  doe.  Having  sur- 
rendered the  title  of  chieftain,  he  lost  whatever  influence  he  possessed  over  the  native 
clans',  and  soon  after  disappeared  from  history.  He  died  in  A.  D.  1593,  having  made 
the  following  will,  transcribed  from  the  original,  which  is  preserved  in  the  Preroga- 
tive Office,  Dublin  : — 

"  In  the  name  of  GOD,  amen — I  Sir  Mourgh  ne  doe  O'Fflaerty  of  Aghnenewre 
in  the  countye  of  Galwaie,  knight,  being  sicke  of  boddye,  weake  and  feeble,  but  of  per- 
fecte  memorye  and  remembraunce,  do  make  this  my  laste  Will  and  testament,  as  fol- 
loweth — Firste  I  bequeathe  my  soule  to  GOD  Almighty,  Christe  Jesus  my  Salviour, 
and  my  bodye  to  be  buried  at  the  disposicon  of  my  friends  as  they  shall  appointe.  I 
also  bequeth  that  my  lands  and  goods,  together  with  my  heyer  and  children,  shalbe 
chargeable  with  all  such  debts  as  I  rightlye  owe.  I  appointe  my  son  Rory  Sheoghe 
O'Fflarty  my  principall  heyer,  and  chiefe  of  and  over  my  children,  name,  kindred, 
and  countrye,  in  the  chiefest  place,  degree  and  preheminence ;  and  that  the  rest  doe 
yeald  reverence  and  dewe  obedience  unto  himj ;  and  leave  my  lands,  as  well  that  which 
I  have  by  dissente  and  by  purchase,  to  him,  and  all  the  reste  of  my  sonnes,  to  be  indif- 
ferentlie  betwixt  them  parted,  allwaies  the  elder,  viz.  Rory  Sheoghe  to  have  the  first 
eleccon  and  choice  of  eche  towne  and  parcell,  and  principall  porcon:  the  like  I  doe  of 
all  other  my  principall  stufe  furnetures,  Provyded  alwayes  that  my  children  shall 
agree  and  be  friendly  thon  to  thother.  I  leave  to  the  sonne  of  Teig  O'Fflartye,  the 
roome  and  place  of  a  sonne,  as  any  of  the  rest  of  my  own  yonger  sonnes  shall  havek, 

reserving  a  choice  to  the  thelder  before  the I  leave  all  variances,   contentions 

and  strifs  to  happen,  to  be  ordered  and  discided  by  my  deere  friends  Robuck  Ffrenche 
fitz  John,   and  Anthony  Linche,  in  all  matters  concerninge  my  landes,  lordshippes, 

goods, 

'  So  determinately  inimical  were  the  O'Flaherties  Book  of  Lecan,  fo.  440,  preserved  in  the  library  of 
to  the  State,  that  Sir  Murrough  could  not  prevail  the  Royal  Irish  Academy.  The  following  extract  is 
on  any  of  the  clan  to  come  in  and  submit,  except  from  an  old  translation  of  that  will  by  Doctor  Rey- 
his  own  son,  Hugh  dubh  (Gen.  Table,  II.  No.  37).  mond,  "  sometime  Fellow  Trin.  Col.  Dub.,"  and 
He  himself  appears  to  have  been  used  as  a  state  preserved  in  the  same  library ;  "  First  he  spoke  to  his 
stalking-horse  on  the  occasion,  to  insure  the  sub-  eldest  son,  RossaFailge  (Rossaofthe  rings)  and  said, 
mission  of  the  other  insurgent  chiefs  ;  for  his  pardon  '  my  power  and  privilege  to  my  Rossa  of  the  rings, 
had  been  previously  granted.  the  fierce  memorable  man  who  shall  govern  his  sub- 

j  This  passage  discloses  a  curious  remnant  of  stitutes.'  He  then  gave  Rossa  10  shields,  10  rings, 
the  ancient  clan  system  in  Ireland.  It  may  re-  and  10  cups:  and  said,  '  your  posterity  shall  never 
mind  the  reader  of  the  old  patriarchal  will  attributed  be  subjects  to  the  issue  of  my  other  sons.'  Cathaoir 
to  Cathaoir  Mor,  monarch  of  Ireland,  about  A.  D.  then  directed  his  chiefs  to  be  always  assistant  and 
174  ;  for  which  see  our  author's  Ogygia,  part  III.  obedient  to  the  prosterity  of  Rossa  Failge." 
ch.  59  •;  and  the  "  Book  of  Rights"  contained  in  the  k  See  Book  of  Genesis,  xlviii.  5.  Teig  here  named 


400 

goods,  chattells :  and  doe  appointe,  ordaine  and  make  them  my  executors  of  my  will 
which  I  declare  to  be  as  afforesaid.  IN  WITNESSE  of  which  to  be  the  will  of  the 
said  Sir  Mourgh,  wee  the  persons  underwritten  have  hereunto  subscribed  our  names 
the  third  of  ffebruary,  1593. — Walter  Ffeenche. — Arthur  Ffrenche. — Anthony 

Lynch  fitz  Thomas Richarde  Ffrenche. — Arthour  Lynch  fitz-a. — Moylleh 

M?  X  Dermott  O'Halluran. — Edmonde  M*  Morishe. — By  me  Rowland  Gowne. — 
Probat.  3"  die  Maii  an"  Dni  1594.1' 

Having  thus  far  traced  the  principal  transactions  of  the  descendants  of  Brian  na 
n-oinseach  O'Flaherty',  chief  of  the  eastern  part  of  Iar-Connaught,  which  forms  the 
present  baronies  of  Ross  and  Moycullen;  I  now  turn  to  tin-  western  clans,  the  princi- 
pal of  whom  was  the  Sliocht  Eoghain  (Owen)  descended  from  Hugh  mor™,  the  elder 
brother  of  that  Brian.  The  subordinate  branches  were  the  clan  Donogh,  clan  Connor, 
and  clan  Dermod  Dubh,  and  all  were  settled  in  Conmacne-mara,  sometimes  called 
the  two  Conamaras ;  which  at  the  date  of  the  Composition,  were  created  a  barony  bv 
the  name  of  the  barony  of  Balinahinch.  We  have  seen  that  Dona]  C'r<<ne  CTFlahertv". 
descended  from  Hugh  mor,  was  the  chief  of  all  Iar-Connaught  in  A.  I).  1569.  when 
he  was  set  aside  by  Queen  Elizabeth,  who  appointed  Morrough  of  the  battle-axes 
chieftain  in  his  place:  Quia  "  Donaldus  Crone  O'Flarty  nunc  capitaneus  patrie  predicte, 
non  est  sufficiens  nee  idoneus  ad  otiicium  illud  exercendum,  nee  in  olio  regimine  et 
gubernatione  expertus  ad  illam  patriam  gubernandum,  minusque  habilis  ad  capitane- 
atum  illud  exequendum,  turn  etiam  propter  disobedieneiain  suam ".''  But  notwith- 
standing that  patent,  Donal  continued  to  exercise,  oras-ert  his  right  to  the  chiv 
ship  of  all  the  O'Flaherties  until  his  dea'th,  and  never  acknowledged  the  patent  right 
of  Morrough.  But  there  was  another  powerful  competitor  for  the  title,  viz.  Donal 
an  chogaidh  (of  the  wars)  O'Flaherty  of  Bonowan.  whose  sons,  "  Owine  and  Moroghe,'" 
were  named  as  contracting  parties  in  the  indenture  of  Composition.  The  tan> 
next  in  succession,  as  the  ablest  and  bravest  of  the  clan,  was  Teige  na  buille  (the 
furious)  who  became  nominal  chieftain  after  the  death  of  Donal  Crone:  although  the 
title,  by  the  Composition,  was  legally  abolished  for  everp. 

When 


was  Sir  Murrough's  eldest  son  (Gen.  Table,  II.  No. 
37).  He  was  killed  A.  D.  1589,  in  Iar-Connaught, 
by  Sir  Richard  Bingham's  men.  His  son,  above 
adopted,  wasMorogh  na  m-bo.— (Id.  No.  38.) 

'  Id.  30. 

'«  Id. 

"  Id.  31. 


0  See  ante,  p.  387.  Donal  Crone  was  alive  in 
A.  D.  1585,  forin  that  year  he  appears  named  as  a 
contracting  party  in  the  indenturi 

where  he  is  described  as  ">  unpetitor  for  the  mi 

of  O'Fnahertic." — See   p.  309.   anu.     His  descen- 
dants (if  any)  are  unknown. 

1  By  an  Inquisition  taken  after  the  death  of  Teige 


401 

When  Morrough  of  the  battle-axes  "  waxed"  sufficiently  "  stronge,"  he  resolved 
to  subdue  those  western  clans,  or  compel  them  to  acknowledge  his  jurisdiction.  To 
further  this  project  he  surprised  the  castle  of  Balinahinch,  which  was  built  on  an 
island  of  the  same  name,  in  the  centre  of  Conmaicne-mara.  As  soon  as  Teige  na  buille 
and  the  sons  of  Donal  an  chogaidh  became  aware  of  Murrough's  designs,  they  imme- 
diately saw  the  advantage  he  acquired  by  gaining  the  castle,  and  that  advantage  they 
resolved  to  deprive  him  of.  Accordingly,  in  A.  D.  1584,  they  made  a  successful 
attack  on  the  island ;  and  although  it  was  boldly  defended  by  Murrough's  son,  Teige, 
they  succeeded  in  taking  it  and  the  castle.  Teige  thereupon  collected  a  considerable 
force  and  made  an  irruption  into  their  territory,  which  he  plundered  of  all  its  cattle. 
This  petty  warfare  continued  for  some  time  with  mutual  destruction.  The  Clan 
Eoghan  having  made  a  descent  on  the  island  of  Aran,  were  pursued  thither  by  Teige, 
and  a  battle  took  place,  in  which  several  of  the  western  O'Flnherties  were  slain'1. 
The  Annalists  say  that  the  matter  in  dispute  was  not  worth  all  the  bloodshed  it 
caused  on  that  day ;  but  we  have  seen  above,  that  there  was  a  greater  object  in  view  than 
the  mere  possession  of  the  island.  A  reconciliation  at  length  took  place.  The  Clan 
Eoghan  retained  the  castle,  and  with  it,  for  a  while,  their  independence  ;  and  thus 
ended  the  last  instance  of  clan  warfare  which  took  place  in  Iar-Connaught. 

Of 


at  Galway  17th  August  1607,  it  was  found  that 
Teige  tie  bolly  O'Flaherty  of  Arde,  chief  of  his  name, 
had  and  continued  the  title  of  O'Flaherty  from  the 
time  Sir  Henry  Sidney,  knt.  was  lord  deputy  of 
Ireland.  [There  is  some  error  here,  for  Teige 
could  not  assume  the  title,  until  after  the  death  of 
Donell].  That  he  was  seised  of  the  castle  or  stone 
fortress  of  Arde,  with  two  cartrons  called  the  two 
Ardes,  and  of  half  the  lands  of  Ballinehinch.  That, 
by  virtue  of  a  division  made  between  him  and  certain 
of  his  competitors,  he  was  seised  of  half  Ballindoon, 
4  qrs.  and  half  Ballynahinchy,  4  qrs.  And  he  was 
so  seised,  "  prout  erat  principalis  cognominis  sui,  et 
maxime  senex  ejusdem  cognominis  de  O'Flahertie, 
Anglice,  prout  erat  tanist  tempore  ineunte  composi- 
tionis,  et  etiam  diu  postea,"  of  the  castle  or  stone  for- 
tress of  Ballynahinchy  in  the  island  of  Ballenehinchy, 
and  of  the  fishing  of  the  Owenmore,  and  that  he  was 
peaceably  seized  thereof,  until  one  Thady  (Teig) 
Mac  Murrough  ne  dome  O'Flaherty,  by  force  entered 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5. 


and  built  the  lower  part  of  the  said  castle,  and  pos- 
sessed the  same  for  some  time,  and  until  the  said 
Teige  ne  bully  and  his  two  sons,  together  with  Mor- 
rough na  rnoyrc  O'Flaherty,  expelled  him  out  of  the 
said  castle  and  island;  which  the  said  Morrough  ne 
moyre  as  yet  unjustly  holds  the  possession  of.  That 
the  said  Teige  was  also  seised  of  several  head  and 
chief  rents  out  of  other  lands.  That  Morrough  ne 
moyre,  for  the  last  six  years,  by  force  compelled  the 
tenants  to  pay  him  the  said  rents.  That  the  said 
Teige  ne  boolly,  in  right  of  his  chieftainship,  was 
also  seized  of  chief  rents  out  of  the  Cleggan,  Ballyna- 
killy,  &c,  and  that  Morrough  ne  moyre  claims  8 
cartrons  in  the  island  of  Inishnee  under  a  mortgage, 
dated  the  10th  March,  1598,  made  by  Edmond 
O'Flaherty  (Gen.  Table,  II.  No.  37),  son  of  the  said 
Teige  ne  bvllie."--Orig.  Inquis.  Rolls  Off.  Dublin. 
Their  descendants  are  unknown. 
1  Four  Masters. 

3F 


402 

Of  all  the  western  O'Flaherties,  Donel  an  chogaidh,  although  not  the  chieftain, 
was  the  most  powerful  and  opulent.     He  died  before  A.  D.  1580,  leaving  by  his  wife 
Grace  O'Mailly  of  Burrishoole  (celebrated  in  after-times  by  the  name  of  Grauna 
Weak)  two  sons,  who  were  named  as  contracting,  though  not  consenting,  part: 
the  indenture  of  Composition  with  Queen  Elizabeth.     Of  these,   Donall  the    • 
was  slain  by  a  party  of  Sir  Richard  Bingham's  soldiers  in  A.  D.  1586.  and  Morogh, 
the  second  son,  surnamed  Maor1  (serjeant  or  steward),  became  the  principal  inheritor 
of  a  territory  which  embraced  a  line  of  sea-coast  extending  nearly  100  mile-.      <  »i 
this  advantage  Morogh  na  moor  availed  himself,  by  keeping  a  considerable  nunv 
galleys  generally  ready  for  service;  and  from  several  old  documents  he  appean  t<> 
have  been   sedulous  in  extending  his   landed  possessions5.     In  A.  D.  1599,  he 
ordered  by  the  Lord  Lieutenant  to  join  his  half-brother,  Tibbott  na  lontf  (Theobald 
of  the  ships,  the  first  Viscount  Mayo),  to  bring  the  Queen's  forces  round  the  wi 
coast  of  Ireland  in  his  galleys,  from  Galway  to  Sligo,  with  provisions  and  implements 
of  war,  to  assist  O'Connor  Sligo  against  Hugh  ruadh  O'Donnell"  ;  but  we  soon 
find  him,  with  a  large  body  of  forces  from  Iar-Connaught,  joined  with  the  latter 
celebrated  chieftain  against  the  Government".     With  him  he  proceeded    to  Mun- 

rter; 


r  From  this  word  maor,  was  derived  the  name  of 
the  royal  family  of  Scotland.  ' '  Stuart,  seu  Steward 
Anglica  etiam  vox  quaestorem  ad  recipiendos  pro- 
ventus,  utet  Scotice  Maor — MormhaorLeavna"(the 

great  steward  of  Lennox) Ogyg.  Part  iii.  c.  81; 

O'Conor,  Rerum  Hib.  torn.  i.  p.  57.  See  also  Mar- 
tin's Western  Islands,  pp.  98,  108 ;  Verstegan,  324; 
and  O'Brien's  Diet,  in  voce. 

s  Several  deeds  and  other  instruments,  about  fifty 
in  number,  extending  from  A.  D.  1590  to  1645,  and 
principally  relating  to  the  possessions  of  Morogh  na 
maor  and  his  sons,  are  now  in  the  hands  of  the  Edi- 
tor ;  but  he  regrets  that  want  of  space  prevents  any 
further  notice  of  them  here,  as  they  contain  several 
curious  particulars  of  the  state  of  society  during  that 
period  in  Iar-Connaught.  In  them,  several  indivi- 
duals, named  in  the  annexed  Genealogical  Tables, 
are  mentioned. 

'  On  Rot.  Pat.  3  Jac.  I.  dors.  47,  there  appears  a 
letter  from  James  I.,  directing  a  surrender  and  re- 
grant  of  lands  in  favour  of  Sir  Theobald  Burke.  Knt. 


(Tibbot  nit  lung,  the  lirst  Vuoomd  May...;,  and  hi;- 
two  brothers  by  the  half-blood.  Mormgh  O'Flahertie 
(na  maor)  and  Donnell  I.  Keggie  O'Flahertie  (Gen. 
Table,  II.  Xo.  38),  of  Iar-Connaught.  This  state 
letter  was  never  acted  upon.  DonelL  here  named, 
although  called  the  brother  of  Sir  Theobald,  was  his 
nephew,  "  by  the  half-blood."  When  Donell  an  cho- 
gaidh (Gen.  Tabic  II.  X...  36)  died.  Ins  widow. 
Grace  O'Mailly.  married  Sir  Rickard  an  iarain 
Bourke  (see  him  described  ant>.  p.  800,  under  the 
name  of  Mac  William),  by  whom  she  had  Tibbot 
na  long,  afterwards  Sir  Theobald. — See  Lodge's 
Peerage,  vol.  iv.   p.  235,  ed. 

"  Four  Hasten,  A.  D. 

'  Id.  A.  D.  1600.  The  following  note,  in  the 
handwriting  of  our  author.  Roderic  O'Flaherry. 
appears,  at  A.  D.  1599.  in  a  copy  of  the  Annals  of 
the  Four  Masters,  preserved  in  Trinity  College.  Dub- 
lin :       "25  Nov.    castrametatur    apud    Killtolagh 

prope    Galviam.     postridie    apud    Derrydonnell 

27  Nov.   reversus   est  [O'DonneU].   Cum  eo  tunc 


403 

ster" ;  but  after  the  defeat  of  the  Spaniards  at  Kinsale,  Morogh  na  maor  retreated  to 
his  native  fastnesses  in  Iar-Connaught,  where  he  peaceably  spent  the  remainder  of 
his  life. 

By  Inquisition  taken,  durante  vita,  15th  September,  1607,  it  was  found  that 
"  Morogh  na  Moyre  O'Flaherty  is  seized  of  the  castles  of  Bonowen,  Ballinahinchy, 
and  Kenvyle.  That  Donell  ne  Cogge,  father  of  the  said  Morogh,  and  whose  heir  he  is, 
was,  at  the  time  he  died,  seized  of  several  chief  rents  in  the  baronie  of  Ballinehinch. 
That  O'Flaherty  had  and  held  the  fines  and  customs  following,  in  and  through  the 
whole  baronie  of  Ballinehinch."  [This  shews  that  he  usurped  "  by  strong  hand"  the 
power  of  the  chieftain.]  "  Imprimis,  quandocunque  aliquis  furatus  erat  unam  vaccam, 
fur  solvebat  predicto  O'Flaherty,  septem  vaccas  pro  qualibet  vacca  sic  furata,  et  sic 
de  aliis  catallis.  Et  quandocunque  O'Flaherty  se  contulerat  ad  generalem  sessinam, 
quod  inhabitantes  solebant  elargire  illi  quandam  mensuram  sacci  [Anglice,  a  bott  of 
sack],  to  ties  quoties.  Preterea,  debuit  habere  quotannis  ex  qualibet  quarteria  terre 
infra  baroniam  predictam,  quasdam  mensuras  farine  Hibernice  vocatas  sruans,  cum 
sufficiente  butiro.  Et  preterea,  consuetus  erat,  quod  quandocunque  aliquis  capiebat 
aliquod  wreccurn  maris  vel  ambergreese,  sine  noticia  inde  data  O'Flaherty  vel  suis 
servientibus  [Anglice,  his  Serjeants'],  quod  quilibet  sic  faciens  finem  fecerat  ipsi 
O'Flaherty  ad  septem  vaccas,  toties  quoties.  Et  quandocunque  O'Flaherty  dederat 
aliquam  filiaram  suaram  in  matrimonio,  consuevit  habere  unam  sterilem  vaccam  duo- 
rum  annorum,  ex  qualibet  quarteria  inhabitata,  infra  baroniam  predictam*." 

Morogh 

fuerunt  Torlogh  Mc  Morogh  O'Brien,  O'Conor  Sligo,  lecta,  p.  559,  quoted  in  Gratianus  Lucius,  p.  41. 

et  Morogh  na  maor  O'Flaherty."  Sir  George  Carew  was  "  Presbyteri  filius."    The  late 

w  See  Pacat.  Hib.,  A.  D.  1G01.     "  The  O'May-  Sir  Francis  Burdett,  who  was  well  acquainted  with 

lies  and  O'Flagherties  had  a  purpose  with  six  hun-  Irish  history,  once  observed  to  the  Editor,  that  "  Ca- 

dred  men  (which  they  had   already  furnished)  to  rew  was  created  Earl  of  Totness,  in  England,  for  his 

invade  Kerry."   In  that  work,  c.  viii.,  there  appears  atrocities  in  Ireland." 

a  letter  to  Sir  George  Carew,  dated  3rd  July,  1600,  *  Original  Inquisition,  Rolls  Office,  Dublin.  See 
and  signed  "  William  Burke,  Morogh  yii  Moe  [na  in  the  same  Repository,  Rot.  Pat.  15°  Jac.  I.  fac. 
maor  ?]  O'Flarty."  In  that  letter  the  following  54,  for  an  instrument  perfected  by  the  gentry  and 
passage  occurs:  "So  that  your  Honour  consi-  "  freeholders"  of  Conamara,  empowering  Morogh  nu 
der  us  with  a  peece  of  money."  This  passage  has  maor  O'Flaherty  of  Bonowen,  in  the  county  of  Gal- 
all  the  appearance  of  an  interpolation.  "  My  faith-  way,  Esq.,  to  procure  grants  to  himself,  as  trustee 
ful  George"  (see  the  Queen's  letter  to  Carew,  c.  xiv.)  for  them,  of  their  lands,  then  recently  surrendered  to 
is  charged  with  not  having  been  a  faithful  narrator ;  the  Crown.  Among  these  parties,  the  present  "  old 
but  the  "  Pacata"  was  written  for  him,  and  not  by  stock"  of  Conamara,  viz.  the  Mac  Conroys  {Kings), 
him.  He  is  also  charged  with  having  destroyed  Clan  Conors,  Mac  Donoughs,  O'Duans,  O'Lees, 
many  old  Irish  books  and  records.    See  Roth's  Ana-  Mac  Coneelys,  &c  ,  may  trace  their  ancestors,  who  all 

3F  2 


4°4 

Morogh  na  maor  died  A  D.  1626.     The  following  abstract  of  his  last  will  has 
been  made  from  the  Inquisition,  post  mortem,  taken  on  that  occasion : — 

"  In  the  name  of  God,  Amen,  I,  Murrough  ne  moyre  O'Fflahertie.  of  Bonowen, 
in  the  baronie  of  Ballinahinch,  within  the  countie  of  Galway,  esquire,  being*;  weake 
and  sicke  of  bodie,  but  perfect  in  minde  and  memorie  God  be  praised,  do  make  my 
testament  and  last  will  in  manner  and  forme  followinge :  FirBte,   I  bequeathe  my 
soule  to  God  almightie,  and  my  bodie  to  the  grave  to  be  buried  amongst  my  ;. 
tors  in  Sainct  Fraunces'  abbey  neere  Gallway.     I  bequeath,  and  my  will  is,  that  all 
my  castles,  manors,  lands,  heretofore  estated  to  my  eldest  soune  and  heire,  Murrough 
na  marte  O'Fflahertie,  shall  be   absolutelie  in   the  said  Murrough     hie  fa 
assigns,  for  ever  ;  and  all  the  castles  and  lands  heretofore  estated  to  my  second  - 
Edmond  O'Flahertie,  shall  be  absolutelie   to  him  his  heires  and  assigns,  lor 
Item,  that  my  third  sonne  Bryen  O'Flahertie  and  his  heires  shall  have  th< 
excepting  only  the  aiery  of  hawkes  upon  Barnanoran  reserved  to  the  said  Murrough 
na  marte.     Item,   that  my  married  wife  Onora  Flahertie   alias  Bourke.  shall  have 
three  qrs  and  a  half  of  Ballindoone  whereupon  the  castle  and  town 
and  the  ^  qr  of  Bally  Mr  Eniely  thereunto  adjoinninge,  without  rente,  and  after  her 
decease,  to  be  and  remayne  to  the  said  Morrough  na  marte.     Item,  that  mee  fourthe 
sonne  Teige  O'Flahertie  shall  have   to  him  and  hi-  heires  tin-  <["  of  Kilkieran  and 
Inniscrevar  of  the  landes  allotted  to  Morroughe,  he  himself  redeeminge  them  from 
Geoffrie  Martin  and  others  who  may  challendge  anie  mortgadge  thereupon  ;  and  that 
Teige  shall  have  noe  power  to  alienate  or  mortgadge  the  said  lande.  without  the  . 
of  the  said  Morrough  na  marte.     Item,  that  my  seconde  sonne  Edmonde  shall  passe 
an  estate  unto  my  sixt  son  Hughe  and  his  heires  of  the  quarter  of  BallinikilL  with 
a  provisoe  that  Hugh  shall  not   alienate,  imortgadge,  or  sell  withoute  the   h 
of  Edmonde  or  his  heires.     Mee  will  is  that  my  said  children,  Edmond.  Brian.  . 
and  Hugh  and  their  heires,  shall  yearlie  paie  to  said  Morrough  na  marte  and  his 
heires  thre  shillinges  sterling,  oute  of  everie  quarter  for  ever:   and   that  tluv 
theire  heires  shall  aunswere  all  suites  and  services  due  the  mann  .owne  and 

Ballenehinse,  and  from  henceforth  shall  be  obedient  to  the  -aid  Morroughe'.     Item, 
if  anie  of  the  said  sonnes  die  without  issue  male  lawful!  a,  then  all  the  por- 

tions of  lands  of  him  or  them  shall  retorne  to  the  said  Mori      _ 
to  the  daughter  or  daughters  of  hym  soe  dieinge  a  proportion  of  marryage  goods 

ards 
acknowledged  Morrough  na  d-tuagh,  Teige  na  bttille.       our  own  lime. 
and  Morogh  na  maor,  as  their  chiefs  and  leaders.  Seep.  118.  n>  I 

But  at  the  time  alluded  to,  the  old  clan  feelings  pre-  *  See  the  will  of  Sir  Munxigfa  *a  d-twgk.  ante. 

vailed,  and  many  of  them  have  continued  even  to       p.  399. 


4°5 

towards  preferment,  as  to  the  dyscretion  of  fower  of  the  principallest  of  theire  indif- 
ferentest  kindred  of  each  side,  shall  be  thought  fytt.  Item,  that  my  said  sonne  and 
heyre  Morrough,  and  the  rest  of  my  sonnes  for  Edmond  and  Bryan,  and  my  sayd  wife 
Onora,  shall,  in  one  intire  paiement  satisfie  and  paie  to  my  fift  sonne,  Patricke,  who 
is  become  a  schollera,  20"'  sterling  when  he  is  readie  and  determined  to  goe  beyond 
seas  to  studie,  together  with  1 0h"  sterling  everie  yeare  duringe  his  continuance  beyond 
the  seas.  Item,  that  my  three  eldest  sonnes  shall  paie  proportionably  oute  of  the 
lands  allotted  to  each  of  them  all  the  debtes  which  I  doe  owe.  Item,  that  both  my 
daughters,  Soragh  ni  Flahertie  and  Owna  ni  Flahertie,  shall  have  suche  portions  for 
their  preferment  in  marriadge,  oute  of  all  the  lands  allotted  to  my  said  three  eldest 
sonnes,  proportionable  as  to  the  dyscretyon  of  Sir  Tybbott  Bourke,  knight,  or  his 
sonne  and  heire  Myles  Bourke,  and  Sir  John  Bourke,  knightb,  calling  to  their  assis- 
tance two  or  more  of  my  neerest  friends  in  Gallway,  as  shall  be  thought  fitt.  Item, 
that  mee  said  three  eldest  sonnes  shall  paie  oute  of  their  several  proporcons  of 
lands,  all  chardges  that  will  be  laid  oute  about  my  funeral  expenses,  devotions,  and 
legaties.  Item,  my  will  is,  that  my  saide  children  shall  remayne  loveing  brothers 
henceforward  ;  whereupon  I  give  them  my  blessing,  to  give  them  that  grace  for  to 
continue  :  and  if  anie  ambiguitie,  doubt,  or  question  should  differ  or  arise  betwixte 
them  in  the  misconstring  the  premisses,  my  will  is  that  the  said  Sir  Tybbott  Bourke, 
or  his  sonne  Miles  Bourke,  and  Sir  John  Bourke,  together  with  two  of  my  neerest 
friends  in  Galway,  shall  decide  that  controversy,  and  settle  them  friends  and  loveing 
brothers,  soe  often  as  anie  such  doubte  shall  arise  betwixt  themc.  And  the  rather 
that  they  have  been  formerly  acquainted  with  the  contentes  of  this  my  last  wyll, 
and  were  all  contented  I  should  soe  distribute  it,  to  avoyde  all  further  dissension. 
Item,  I  give  to  my  said  wife  Onora,  all  my  plate,  cowes,  garrans,  and  sheep, 
with  my  household  stuffe,  besids  her  third  of  all  my  lands.  In  witness,  I  have  here- 
unto putt  mee  hand  and  seale  the  13th  day  of  April,  in  the  yeare  of  our  Lord 
God,  1626. 

"  Mokrogh  na  Mot/re  0'FLAHERTiEd." 
The  only  sons  of  Morogh  na  maor,  of  whom  any  certain  accounts  remain,  were 
Morogh  na  mart  (Morogh  of  the  beeves),  the  eldest",  and  Edmond,  the  second,  still 

remembered 

a  He  became  an  Augustine  friar ;  but  that  it  was       Myles  Bourke,  the  testator's  nephew  by  the  half- 
considered  dangerous  to  state.  blood,  was  the  second  viscount  of  that  name. 

b   Of  Derrymacloughny,   brother-in-law   of  the  «  See  the  will  before  referred  to,  p.  399. 

testator,  and  cousin  of  the  Marquis  of  Clanricarde.  d  Inquis.  Rolls  Off.  23  Oct.  1627. 

Sir  Tibbott  Bourke  (who  was  soon  after  created  e  Gen.   Table,    II.  No.   38.     See  ante,    p.  108, 

Viscount  Mayo),  was  the   testator's   half-brother.       note"1.     On  1st  March,  1633,  livery  of  seisin  was 


406 


remembered  by  the  name  of  Emuinn  mac  Morogha  na  mam.  In  the  troubles  which 
followed,  A.  D.  1641,  these  brothers,  unfortunately  for  themselves  and  their  posterity, 
took  a  prominent  partf.  The  former  fitted  out  his  long-boats  or  galleys,  with  which 
he  commanded  the  western  coasts  of  Ireland  during  the  hostilities.  In  A.  D.  1642, 
they  both  joined  their  kinsman,  Morough  ne  doe  of  Aghnenure,  and  marched  with 
a  force  of  1800  men  to  besiege  the  fort  at  Gal  way.  On  that  occasion  their  men,  who 
were  called  by  the  Marquis  of  Clanricarde  "the  rude  kearns  of  Irr-Conaght"  (Me- 
moirs, pa.  176),  were  charged  with  having  committed  several  outrages,  and  some  mur- 
ders, in  the  town?.     Pending  the  hostilities  there,  Edmond  O'Flaherty  proceeded, 

with 


granted  to  him  for  the  sum  of  £40  Irish Rot. 

Pat.  8  Car.  I.  2.  p.  d. 

f  The  Memoirs  of  the  Marquis  of  Clanricarde, 
and  Carte's  Life  of  Lord  Ormonde,  detail  many  of 
the  proceedings  of  the  O'Flaherties  of  Iar-Connaught 
during  the  troubles.  The  most  active  of  the  li 
were,  Lieut. -Col. Morrough  na  doe  (Gen.  Table,  II. 
No.  39),  of  Corr  or  Lemonfield,  near  Aghenure, 
(great-grandson  of  Sir  Murrough  na  d-tuadh),  Sir 
Morogh  na  mart,  and  Col.  Edmund,  his  brother. 
Of  the  proceedings  of  the  latter  some  particulars  are 
given  above  and  in  the  ensuing  notes :  from  curious 
original  documents,  of  which  some  notice  will  be 
found  in  the  sequel. 

B  The  following  extracts,  taken  from  the  famous 
Depositions  relating  to  the  rebellion,  A.  D.  1641, 
preserved  in  the  MS.  Library  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin  (F.  2,  3),  have  reference  to  those  outrages  : 
"Thomas  Scott,  23rd  Dec.  1653,  saith,  That 
at  the  beginning  of  the  rebellion,  he  saw  in  the  street 
of  Galway  one  Morrogh  O'Flaherty,  stiled  colonel, 
of  Eer-Connagh  (being  a  tall,  swarthy  young  man), 
marching  down  the  street,  with  about  300  Irish 
rebels  following  him  :  that  they  broke  into  a  house, 
and  five  of  the  soldiers  stabbed,  with  their  skenes, 
Mrs.  Collins." — "  John  Turner,  ....  1642,  saith. 
That  the  Irish  people  of  Ere-Connaught  robbed 
the  English  inhabitants,  and  lulled  and  murthered 
several  of  them;  amongst  which,  they  cut  oft'  the 
heads  of  one  John  Fox  and  his  wife,  and  murthered 
a  Mrs.  Collins,  as  she  was  kneeling  at  her  prayers. 


and  tumbled  the  heads  of  Fox  and  his  wife  about 
the  streets :  yet  the  mayor  or  aldermen  did  not  in  anv 
way  punish  the  offenders.'" — "John  Sheely.  of  Gal- 
way. baker,  25  May.  1644,  saith.  That  in  Galway 
the  very  children,  according  to  their  powers,  ex- 
ceeded the  men,  insomuch  as  their  very  frie,  or  young 
children,  would  with  skeanes,  wherewith  generallv 
they  were  armed,  come  to  the  English  women,  and 
saw  with  their  skeanes  presented,  '  You  English 
jades,  or  doggs,  I  will  cut  your  throats!'  and  none 
durst  so  much  as  contradict  any  of  those  graceles 
impea." — 'Lieut.  Johh  Gell,  7  March.  1 653.  saith, 
That  it  was  commonly  spoken  in  Galway.  that  the 
O'Flaherties  of  Ire-Connaught  were  brought 
the  towne  purposely  to  murther  all  the  English; 
and  he  believeth  they  would  have  murthered  them 
all  accordingly,  had  not  some  priests  hindered  them, 
by  going  out  in  their  vestments,  with  tapers  and  a 
crucifix  carryed  before  them,  commanding  the  said 
murtherers  to  surcease.  And  where  some  goods  had 
been  plundered,  they  commanded  restitution  I 
made,  as  the  examinant.  being  then  in  the  1 
Galway,  was  credibly  informed." — "  Makt  Bo«  . 
spinsh  r,  aged  2  servant  to  Lieut  John  Gell. 

7th  March.  1653.  saith.  That  she  heard  by  seve- 
ral of  the  towne-people  that  it  was  the  Haior  and 
council  of  the  town  that  had  brought  in  the  said 
In  -Connaught  people  to  kill  and  murther  all  the 
English  Protestants,  because  their  own  hands  should 
not  be  embrued  in  their  blood.  That  she  herself  saw 
the  priests  of  the  towne.  and  other  priests,  being 


407 

with  a  company  of  one  hundred  men,  to  the  islands  of  Aran,  and  from  thence  he 
directed  his  course  to  the  west  of  the  County  of  Clare.  There  he  laid  siege  to  a  castle 
called  Tromra,  which  was  situated  close  to  the  sea-shore,  in  the  barony  of  Ibrickan. 
This  castle  was  inhabited  by  an  Englishman  of  the  name  of  Ward  and  his  family. 
After  a  desperate  defence  of  nearly  four  days  the  place  was  carried  by  storm.  The 
brave  owner  and  the  principal  part  of  his  family  were  slain,  and  the  castle  was  plun- 
dered and  burned  to  the  ground.  After  this  exploit,  the  perpetrator  returned  home 
with  his  booty.  He  afterwards  joined  the  confederate  forces  of  Connaught,  and  con- 
tinued in  action  during  the  remainder  of  the  war. 

In  the  beginning  of  May,  1653,  John  Browne,  of  the  isles  of  Aran,  came  before 
the  magistrates  in  Galway,  and  gave  information  on  oath  against  Colonel  Edmond 
O'Flaherty  and  others,  for  the  murder  of  Peter  Ward  of  Tromragh,  in  the  County 
of  Clareh.  A  party  of  soldiers  was  accordingly  dispatched  to  Iar-Connaught  in  pur- 
suit of  the  accused.  After  a  long  and  fruitless  search,  the  party  was  returning,  and 
passing  beside  a   small  dark  wood   near  Renvile,   their  attention  was  attracted  by 

the 


about  eight  in  number,  going  about  the  towne  in 
their  vestments,  with  tapers  burning,  and  the  sacra- 
ment borne  before  them,  and  earnestly  exhorting 
the  said  Murrough  na  mart,  and  his  company,  for 
Christ's  sake,  and  our  Lady's,  and  St.  Patrick's, 
that  they  would  shed  no  more  blood,  and  if  they 
did  they  would  never  have  mercy.  That  the  said 
Murrough  and  one  Edmond  O'Flahertie  were  at 
the  committing  of  the  said  murthers,  and  aiding 
and  abetting  the  same ;  and  that  she  doth  verily 
believe,  that  had  it  not  bene  for  the  said  priests, 
the  said  O'Flahertyes  and  their  company  had  killed 
all  the  English  Protestants  they  had  found  in  Gal- 
way."— "  Martha  Love,  wife  of  Capt.  Highgate 
Love,  23rd  Feb.  1653,  saith,  That  the  town  was 
full  of  Ireconnaught  rogues,  in  their  trowses  and 
broages,  all  armed  with  pikes,  skeans,  and  swords." 
— Pity  it  is  that  Mrs.  Love  did  not  tell  us  if  these 
trowses  fitted  close  to  the  limbs,  like  those  of  the  old 
Irish,  described  by  Ware,  Ant.  cap.  xi. :  "  Defemora- 
libusillisarctissimis,  Trowses  vulgo  dictis." — "  Close 
britches,  commonly  called  trowses."— Harris.  For 
at  the  present  day  the  Iar-Connaught  "rogues"  all 
wear  their  trowsers  loose  and  ample,  which  gives 


their  lower  limbs  nearly  as  much  liberty  as  the  High- 
landers of  Scotland  enjoy  in  the  kilt.  But  this  latter 
curious  article  of  dress  itself  requires  some  explana- 
tion. The  late  Major  Duff,  of  Muirtown,  near  Inver- 
ness, editor  of  the  Culloden  Papers,  a  volume  of  cu- 
rious and  valuable  letters,  from  the  year  1624  to  1745, 
published  from  the  originals  in  Culloden  House, 
astonished  some  of  his  Northern  friends  by  stating, 
in  a  note  to  one  of  the  letters,  that  the  kilt,  or  phila- 
beg  ("feile  bheag,'"  Armstrong's  Diet.)  was  not  the 
ancient  Highland  garb,  but  was  introduced  into  the 
Highlands  about  1720,  by  one  Thomas  Rawlinson 
an  Englishman,  who  was  overseer  to  a  company  car- 
rying on  Iron  Works  in  Glengarry's  country.  The 
convenience  of  the  dress,  he  added,  soon  caused  it  to 
be  universally  adopted  in  the  Highlands.  Surely 
some  patriotic  Highlander  will  here  rush  to  the  res- 
cue of  the  martial  philabeg  from  this  bold  assertion 
of  its  mean  and  modern  origin.  Pinkerton  says,  it 
was  "  quite  unknown." — Hist.  Scot,  part  iv.  c.  vi. 
See  also  Whitaker's  Hist.  Manchester,  book  I. 
c.  vii.  §  v. 

h  Tins  information  will  be  found  in  the  Depositions 
of  A.  D.  1641,  T.  C.  D.  vol.  xxi. 


408 

the  unusual  noise  and  croaking  of  ravens  hovering  in  the  air,  towards  the  centre  of 
the  wood.  On  arriving  at  the  spot  over  which  the  birds  still  continued  on  the  wing, 
the  soldiers  discovered  a  cavity  in  a  rock,  from  which  they  drew  forth  a  miserable- 
looking  man,  who  was  soon  recognized  as  the  unfortunate  object  of  their  pursuit'. 
With  him  they  found  a  poorly-attired  and  emaciated  female  who  afterwards-  proved 
to  be  his  wife,  the  daughter  of  Sir  Christopher  Garvey  of  Lehinch,  in  the  Cou 
Mayo  :  "  And  truly  who  had  seen  them  would  have  said  they  had  been  rayther  g 
than  men,  for  pitifully  looked  they,  pyned  awaye  for  want  of  foode,  and  altogether 
ghastly  with  feare3."  He  was  immediately  brought  prisoner  to  Galway.  and  com- 
mitted to  the  town  gaol,  Avhere  he  was  closely  examined,  as  follow-  : 

"  The  Examination  of  Colonel  Edmond  (/Flaherty,  taken  fjefore 
Robert  Clarke,  esq.,  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  precinct  of  Galtcay, 
May  24*  1653. 
"Being  examined  how  long  he  was  in  arms  against  the  Commonwealth  of  Eng- 
land?    Saith  he  was  called  hither  to  x\\\>  towne  of  Galhvay  by  the  archbishop  of 
Tuam,   who  was  president,  and  by   Francis  Blake  of  Galway,    who  was  then  com- 
mander in  chief  of  the  forces  in  the  said  towne  of  Galway,  raised  against  the  fort;  and 
that  he  came  with  the  company  under  his  command,  the  said  Francis  in 

beseeching  (besieging)  the  said  fort.      Saith,  that  going  from  the   towne  of  Gallway 
after  the  surrender  of  the  said  fort,  he  went  with  his  boats  to  the  i-lands  of  Aran,  and 
continued  there  some  fourteen  days,  until  the  islanders  did  complaine  of  the  burthen 
they  were  unto  them,   upon  which  deponent  and  his  company  went   in  their  boat*  I 
the  countie  of  Clare,  to  a  castle  called  Trennrowe.    which   was  .Mr. 

Ward,  whom  he  heard  was  an  honest  gentleman,  and  never  heard   of  him  1 
neither  doth  know  of  what  religion  or  nation  he  was  of;  and  came  to  said  castle  about 
Ist  May,    1642,   in  the  beginning  of  the  nij_rht.    and  came  within  a  musket  shot  of  the 
said  castle,  to  a  house  where  he  and  his  company  kept  their  court  of  guard.     B 
their  coming  to  the  said  howse,  they  made   some  shotts   from  the  castle  at  him,   and 
continued  suteing  all  night,  with  which  shotts  some  of  his  m<  wounded.    And 

>aith 


'  These  particulars  have  been  preserved  by  tradi- 
tion, and  are  given  above  as  related  by  the  late  Francis 
Lynch,  Esq.,  of  the  island  of  Omey,  near  Renvile 
in  Conamara.  Mr.  Lynch  died  about  twenty  years 
ago,  at  the  age  of  ninety.  He  used  to  add.  that  the 
party  was  beaded  by  a  Colonel  "  Bay  man.  governor 
of  the  island  of  Bofin  ;"  and  that  the  discovery  of 


O'Flaherty  w.i5  attributed  to  the  intervention  < : 
vidence,   to  bring  him  to  justice,   for  the  outrage  in 
the  county  of  Clare. 

J  Extract   from    -       B       ird   Bingham'*  ••  Hb- 
conrse  of  his  Services  in  1  _  .inst  the  B    ■ 

A.  D.  1586,"  preserved  in  the  Cotton  Library.  Bri- 
tish  Museum.  Titus  11.  XIII. 


409 


saith,  thoy  could  not  find  the  doore  nor  windows  of  the  said  castle  that  night,  but  eleven 
of  his  men  went  to  the  hale  which  was  jonying  of  the  castle,  thinking  to  get  in,  where- 
upon they  threw  stones  from  the  topp  of  the  castle,  by  which  one  of  his  men  was 
wounded  and  bruised  in  his  arm,  and  another  in  his  back,  and  also  they  let  falle  a 
bundle  of  strawe  upon  said  halle  by  which  it  was  burned,  and  the  next  morning  they 
sett  on  to  storme  the  castle,  in  which  storme  one  of  his  men  was  killed,  and  three 
wounded.  And  saith  he  continued  seige  to  the  said  castle,  from  Sunday  night  until 
Wednesday  morning,  at  which  time  conditions  were  made  by  John  Wardk  for  his  own 

life, 


k  This  John  was  son  of  Peter  Ward.  On  25th 
April,  A.  D.  1643,  he  gave  a  deposition  on  oath, 
from  which  the  following  is  an  extract  :■ — "  Saith, 
that  on  or  about  the  17th  day  of  April],  Anno  Dora. 
1642,  the  said  Peeter  Ward,  Alson  Ward  (his  wife), 
and  George  Ward  of  the  same  Gentl.  (son  to  the 
said  Peeter),  in  a  most  cruell  and  rebellious  manner, 
were  murthered  and  stripped  by  the  hands  and 
meanes  of  Edmund  O'Fflahertie,  Esqr.  and  others  of 
his  confederates,  in  maimer  following,  that  is  to  say, 
The  said  Edmond,  about  the  day  and  year  above 
mentioned,  came  by  sea  from  Igher-Conaght,  in  the 
Com.  Gallway,  accompanied  with  five  other  boates 
well  manned  with  armed  men,  and  landing  his  men 
at  or  near  Tromroe  aforesaid,  the  said  Edmond  then 
and  there,  in  a  most  rebellious  and  hostill  manner, 
with  collours  displaied,  assaulted  the  castle  of  Trom  - 
roe  aforesaid,  late  at  night  (where  this  deponent, 
the  said  Peeter,  George,  Alson,  and  others  fled  for 
refuge)  but  being  then  resisted  by  the  said  Peeter 
and  the  rest  in  there  owne  defence,  the  said  fflahertie, 
with  the  rest  of  his  forces  and  the  country  besides, 
continued  siedge  to  the  said  castle  for  three  daies 
and  three  nights,  during  which  time,  and  especially 
the  second  day  of  his  said  siedge,  being  the  18lh  day 
of  Aprill  aforesaid  or  thereabouts,  amonge  divers 
other  acts  of  hostility,  don  and  perpetrated  by  the 
said  fflahertie  and  the  rest  of  his  associats,  he  then 
and  there  murthered,  or  caused  or  consented  to  raur- 
ther,  the  said  Alson  and  George,  having  shott  or 
caused  to  shoote  with  a  bullet  the  said  Alson  under 
the  right  side,  whereof  she  died  immediately,  and 
IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5.  3 


likewise  gave  the  said  George  eighteene  woundes, 
whereof  he  likewise  instantly  dyed  upon  the  20th  day 
of  Aprill  aforesd,  or  thereabouts.  Wednesday  on 
the  momeing  (being  the  last  day  of  their  said  siedge) 
the  said  Edmond  O'Fflahertie  caused  the  said  castle 
to  be  fired,  and  entering  the  same  that  day,  the  said 
Peeter  Ward  was  then  and  there  traytorously  mur- 
thered by  the  said  fflahertie  and  his  company,  having 
recaived  divers  mortall  wounds  in  his  body ;  whoe 
together  with  the  said  Alson  and  George,  was  stripped, 
and  they  three  buryed  in  or  neer  the  said  castle 
walls,  from  whence  by  directions  from  Donnell 
O'Bryen  of  Dowgh  in  the  said  Com.  Esq.  they  were 
removed,  and  enterred  in  the  parish  church  of  Kill- 
murrv  afoesaid.  Yeet  notwithstanding,  Donnell  Mc 
scanlane  Mc  Gorman  of  Dunsallagh,  in  the  said 
Com.  Mass-preist,  caused  their  corps  to  be  digged 
up  againe,  and  buried  without  in  the  churchyard, 
for  noe  other  cause  (as  farr  as  the  deponent  could 
learne)  but  that  they  saide  no  unsanctified  or  hereti- 
call  corps  of  protestants  (as  they  tearme  them)  must 
remaine  within  their  churches. 

"  This  deponent  likewise  saith,  that  the  said 
Edmond  O'Fflahertie  was  abetted,  counselled, 
and  assisted  in  the  said  rebellious  and  traytorous 
designe,  by  the  undernamed  persons,  namely,  by 
Donnogh  O'Brien  of  Newtowne,  in  the  said  Com. 
esq. ;  Mohowne  M°  Dermod  of  Tromroe,  aforesaid, 
gent.  Therlagh  Mc  Dermod  and  Connor  Mc  Der- 
mod of  the  same  gent.  Richd  Fizpatrick  (sene- 
schall  of  Ibrackane  aforesaid,  and  then  and  now  re- 
ceaver  to  the  earle  of  Thomond  within  the  said  Ba- 

G 


4-ic 


life,  with  Teige  O'Bryen,  and  the  (par),  priest,  which  said  John  this  examinant  em* 
ployed  as  a  messenger  to  his  father  in  the  said  castle,  desiring  him  to  take  quarter 
several  times,  but  the  answer  of  Peeter  Ward  was,  that  he  would  nott  take  tin- quarter 
of  Bellian  or  Scuell.     \_Bellicke  or  Sruell?~\. 

"  Being  further  examined,  he  saith,  that  on  Wednesday  about  9  of  the  clock,  there 
came  out  of  the  castle  the  said  Warde's  twoe  daughters  and  twoe  younger  Bonnes,  and 
alsoe  there  came  oute  an  Englishe  man  and  his  wife;  but  upon  which  da}-  this  hxa- 
minant  remeinbereth  not.      And   further  saith,   that  the  sonne  and  heire  of  ti. 

P( 


rony)  Hugh  M""  Crutton  (M'Curtin)  of in 

the  said  Com.  gent.  Donncll  Mc  Scanlane  Mc  Gor- 
man aforesaid,  Teige  Fitzpatricke  of  flintraghtbegg, 
in  the  said  Com.  gentl.  Teige  Koe  O'Bryen,  son  to 
Sr  Donnell  O'Bryen  Knight  aforesaid,  Mohowne 
Mc  Encarrigy  of  Flenoremore,  in  the  said  <  om. 
yeoman,  and  divers  others  whose  names  this  deponent 
doth  not  remember.  This  deponent'-  cause  of  know- 
ledge (concerning  the  said  parties  their  ayding, 
counsellinge,  and  assisting  the  saide  fflaherty )  is. 
that  first  Donogh  O'Bryen  above  mentioned,  about 
the  eight  [eighteenth  V]  day  of  April!  aforesaid, 
did  entertaine,  with  meate,  drinke,  and  lodging,  the 
said  fflahertie  at  Newtowne  aforesaid,  whereby  this 
deponent  beleeveth  that  he  was  privy  to  the  said 
rebellious  enterprise;  and  also  that  the  said  Donogh 
O'Bryen  possessed  himself  of  woorth  a  hundred 
pounds  of  the  said  Peeter's cattle,  which  he  detaineth 
to  this  day.  He  alsoe  saith,  that  he  saw  and  ob- 
served the  rest  of  the  said  parties  in  amies  at  the 
seidge  of  the  said  castle,  and  divers  times  con- 
sulting and  advising  howe  to  surprise  the  same.  He 
also  saw  and  observed  that,  then  and  there,  the  said 
Teige  Roe  O'Brien  gave  out,  that  if  the  said  castle 
were  not  then  taken  by  the  said  Fflaherty,  he  hini- 
selfe  would  suddenly  come  and  besett  the  same  with 
his  forces.  He  also  observed,  that  during  the  said 
siedge,  the  said  Hugh  Mc  Crutton  did  use  to  take 
a  note  in  writeing  of  as  many  of  the  besiedgers,  as 
were  either  hurt  or  killed  against  the  said  Castle, 
openly  extolling  them  for  their  valour  and  good 
service  in  assaulting  the  said  castle,  to  noe  other  pur- 


pose  (as  this  deponent  then  understood  1  but  I 
intimation  to  the  rest  of  the  country,  and  to  ent-our- 
adg  them  to  like  rebellions  actions.     These  were  the 
motives  that  induceth  this  deponent  to  beJeeme,  that 
the   said    parties    were    ayding  -  lling.    and 

assisting  the  said  Fflahertie.     He  further  infor 
that  he  heard  it  credibly  affir  rail  persons 

in  the  said  siedge,  that  (hey,  meaning  the  Irish,  had 
his  Majestye's  commission  to  take  the 
amonge  other  castles  in  this  kingdome. 

••  He.   being   further   •  xamined.    saith.   tha: 

deponent,  about  ti  .muary  164 

a  place  called  Curragh-Catlin,  in  ntie. 

meetinge  with  the  saide  Teige  Roe  O'Brien,  b 
and  there  in  the  presence  of  this  dV  ; 
mac   O'Hieky.    in  or    neere  Bunratty.  in  the   ^aid 

:v.    Surgeon,    and  di\<  n 
words   ensuing,   or  others  like  them  iu  • 
(quoth  he)  the  Irish  are  reviled  by  all  •■! her  nations, 
because  of  their    <  _  ano- 

ther :  but  now  because  it  i-  a  general]  ca 

iod  confound  and  the  Devill  take  him  that  will 
not  assist  them  to  his  dyeing  day:  adding  further, 
that  in  England  the  King  »as  agai 
as  much  as  they  heere.  and  that  there  »^- 
hopes  of  agreement  there,  and  that  it  »a.«  their  b 

meaning  the  lri-h.  to  root  out  the 

affirming  that  it  was  his   Majesty's  -^  will  and 

pleasure  soe  to  doe.— Joh>  WakI'i     - 

Clare,  vol  xxi.     [The  remainder  ofthi-  . 

«ill   lie   found   curious.     Among   other    thui_- 

chaxges  the  then  earl  of  Thomond  with  highm-.i- 


4ii 

Peeter  came  oute  on  tuesdaye,  and  was  cominge  to  the  court  of  Guarde  where  Exami- 
nant  was,  and  was  slained  in  the  way  by  Sorrell  Folone,  who  is  now  gone  with 
Cusack.  And  being  further  examined  saith,  that  he  gave  quarter  to  each  of  them  that 
came  oute  of  the  castle,  except  him  that  was  killed  as  aforesaid.  And  saith,  that 
Peeter  Warde  did  keepe  his  chamber  in  the  said  castle,  from  Tuesday  night  until 
Wednesday  morning,  and  that  the  said  Peeter  Ward's  wife  was  slaine  by  a  shott 
through  the  window  of  the  said  chamber,  but  who  made  the  said  shott  he  knoweth 
not.  And  further  saith,  that  he  ordered  his  men  to  keepe  the  saide  Peeter  Warde 
awake,  with  intention  to  give  him  quarter,  and  the  said  Peeter  Ward  making  a  thrust 
out  of  the  doore  with  some  weapon,  was  taken  by  the  arme  and  drawen  foorth,  and 
there  slained.  And  further  said,  that  he  defended  himself  in  his  chamber,  for  foure 
and  twenty  hours  after  the  rest  went  foorth.  And  being  demanded,  saith,  that  he 
conveied  seven  persons  safely  to  Richard  White  in  Kilmurry,  which  was  the  place  they 
desired  to  goe  unto.  And  saith,  that  he  and  his  companie  plundered  the  said  house, 
and  divided  it,  havinge  firste  carried  the  saide  plunder  to  Strawe  island.  And  being 
further  demanded  wherefore  he  went  to  the  said  place?  saith,  he  went  thither  to 
quarter  his  men,  by  reason  the  winde  was  contrary,  that  he  could  not  goe  to  his 
owne  country.  Being  further  examined,  saith,  he  knew  John  Browne,  inhabitant  of 
Inishier  island,  who  was  with  him  at  taking  of  the  said  castle,  but  did  not  goe  with 
him  as  anie  of  his  company,  and  knew  nothing  of  his  intentions ;  but,  being  a  drum- 
mer, this  Examinant  did  use  words  in  threatening  of  him  to  goe,  which  when  he 
refused,  he  lay  hands  upon  him  and  guarded  him  to  the  boaets,  and  kept  him  with  him 
during  their  stay  at  Tromra  foresaid1 :  and  saith  he  doth  not  know  of  any  plunder  he 
had,  but  that  the  said  Browne  desired  a  silver  cupp,  which  this  examinant  refused  to 
give  him. 

"And  being  further  examined,  denied  that  he  hath  not  since  that  time  been  at 
the  taking  of  any  place,  or  in  any  other  service:  and  saith,  the  man  that  killed  Peter 
Ward  was  Teig  Mc  Donell  Mc  Owen  Mc  Enrya,  who  is  now  living  as  is  supposed ;  and 
the  other,  by  name  Dowdarra  oge  Mc  Enrya,  is  dead,  And  being  examined  whether 
he  was  under  protection  to  the  Common  Wealth  of  England,  when  he  was  taken? 
he  saith  he  was  not.     And  being  demanded  wherefore  he  came  not  under  protection? 

answered 

1  This  compulsion  was  a   remnant  of  the  old  clan       in  this  state  of  subjection  all  those  who  resided  within 
system.      The   Irish   chiefs    considered   themselves       the  territory,  as  instanced  above.     The  O'Flaherties 
entitled,   not  only  to  the  implicit  obedience  and  ser-       for  a  long  period  claimed  the  dominion  of  the  isles 
vice  of  every  member  of  the  clan,   but  also  to  the       of  Aran, 
ownership  of  their  very  persons ;  and  they  included 

3G2 


412 


answered,  because  he  was  affraid  in  respect  of  the  act  he  had  committed  against  I 
Ward.     And  further  saith  not EDM.  FFLAHERTYm". 

Soon  after  his  examination,  he  was  tried  and  executed  at  Gal  way;  where  his  k 
man,  the  Lord  Viscount  Mayo,  had  shortly  before  suffered  for  the  massacre  at  ShnteL 
And  thus  ignominiously  perished  two  of  the  most  leading  men  of  the  province  at  the 
time,  for  crimes  into  which  they  had  been  unfortunately  urged  by  the  un?ettled 
state  of  society  at  that  unhappy  period.    That  Colonel  Edmond  O'Flaherty  considered 
himself  acting   in  the  affair  within  the  rules  of  legitimate  warfare,  there   can  be 
little  doubt".     He  left  three  sons,  Donald.  Morogh,  and  Edmond.     Of  the  first  tradi- 
tion is  silent.     The  second  is  stated  to  have  gone  to  England,  and  to  have  chall 
a  Captain  Vernor,  whom  he  ran  through  the  body,  for  asserting  that  the  Irish  K 
strance  was  signed  by  mean  persons.     The  third  also  went   "  to  seek  his  fbrtnn 
England,  where  he  became  "  a  captain,"  but  in  what  corps  is  not  stated.     Be  returned 
to  Ireland,  served  under  James  II.,  and  afterwards  farmed  the  Ian'  die  (which 

formerly  belonged  to  his  father)  from  the  Blake  family,  who  obtained  a  grant  of  them: 
and  there  some  of  his  descendants  long  after  resided  The  captain  left  a  son,  Edmund, 
who  was  called  Emuinn  laidir,  or  strong  Ned  (O'Flaherty)  of  whom  more  in  the 
sequel. 

The  following  State  documents,  now  first  printed,  will  be  found  neo  • 
explain  the  concluding  part  of  the  foregoing  examination,  and  other  matters  concerning 

lar-Connaught 

1,1  Depositions,  Galway,  vol.  xxii. 

11  Col.  O'Flaherty  was  first  married  to  "Sowi 
[Sarah]  Boorke  [Bourke],  daughter  of  Walter 
Bourke  of  Turlogh  in  Mayo,  one  of  the  principal 
men  of  that  county,  great  grandson  of  Richard, 
lord  Mac  William  Oughter,  chief  of  the  "  lower" 
Bourkes,  A.  D.  1400 — See  Lodge,  vol.  ii.  315. 
Ed.  1754.  During  the  troubles  of  A.  D.  1641, 
Walter  Bourke  proved  a  steady  friend  to  the  Pro- 
testants of  Mayo.  Of  this,  a  curious  instance  ocean 
in  the  Depositions  of  A.  D.  1641,  before  referred  to — 
"  Thomas  Johnson,  vicar  of  Turlogheand  Killycomon, 
saith,  that  he  was  sheltered  in  the  house  of  Waller 
Bourke  of  Turloughe,  Esq.  who  not  only  gave  him 
clothes,  but  kept  and  defended  him.  Saith.  that 
while  there,  the  younger  priests  and  friers  demanded 
of  Stephen  Lynch,  prior  of  Strade,  in  deponent's  own 
hearinge,  if  it  were  not  lawful  to  kill  the  deponent, 


became  he  would  nut  turn  to  masse:  which 
answered  them  that  it  «a<  as  lawful  Earth 
kill  this  deponent,  as  to  kill  dogg:  and 

divers  of  tli  ,1  the 

dej ill  to  his  face,  that,  if  it  were  not  for  ofi. 

the  said  Mr  Bourk.  they  would  make  n 
science  nor  care  to  kill  him.  than  they  would 
a  pig  or  a  sheepe.     That  he  heard 
diers  at   Mr  Burk's  house  ear 
that  the    titulary    archbishop    of   Tuam.    Ifa 
Keely.  had  assured  them  that  they  should  Ml  need 
to  iVare.  for  that  the  EnglUh  should  not  have  p 
to  fight  against  them,  but  should    be   deliven-; 
their  hands,  soe  as  they  might  curt  their  tluva' 
kill  them  at  their  pleasures  :   and  that  they  should 
heare  the   holy    Ghost    say  masse  unto  them  thrice. 

before  they  went  to battaik.''  Jurat.  14  Jan.  1643 

Depositions,  Mayo,  voL  xxiii. 


4i3 

lar-Connaught,  and  the  province  at  large,  at  the  time.  They  have  been  extracted  from 
the  books  of  the  Irish  Privy  Council,  during  the  Protectorate,  which  are  now  preserved 
in  the  Castle  of  Dublin. 

After  the  reduction  of  Kilkenny  by  Cromwell,  a  council  of  war  was  held  in  that 
city,  and  the  following  order  made: — 

"  Persons  in  arms  against  the  Commonwealth  {except  priests  Sfc.) 
promised  protection  upon  their  submission. 

"  Ordered,  that  such  persons  of  the  enemie's  party,  (except  priests,  Jesuits,  and 
others  of  the  Popish  clergie)  as  shall  come  in  and  deliver  up  their  armes,  and  shall 
engage  themselves  to  live  peaceably,  and  submitt  to  the  authority  of  Parliament,  shall 
have  such  Protections  to  live  in  the  Parliament's  quarters,  as  other  protected  people 
have,  and  shall  have  the  benefitt  of  such  terms  as  the  Parliament  shall  hold  forth  to 
persons  in  their  condition.  And  if  the  Parliament  shall  hold  forth  any  terms  which 
they  shall  not  be  willing  to  submitt  unto,  they  shall  have  one  month's  time  (from  the 
publishing  of  such  terms  in  their  quarters,  where  they  shall  be  ordered  to  reside)  to 
provide  their  owne  security  elsewhere.  Provided  that,  in  the  mean  time,  they  act  no- 
thing to  the  prejudice  of  the  Commonwealth  of  England.  Provided  alsoe  that  such 
protections  as  shall  be  granted  to  the  said  persons,  shall  not  exempt  such  of  them  as  had 
a  hand,  or  were  actors  in  any  of  the  murders,  massacres,  or  robberies  that  were  com- 
mitted upon  the  English  and  Protestants  in  Ireland,  during  the  first  year  of  the 
rebellion,  or  in  any  murthers  or  massacres  since  the  said  first  year,  committed  upon 
any  person  not  being  in  armes,  from  being  questioned  for  the  same  according  to 
due  course  of  law.     Kilkenny,  2°  Jan.  16510." 

"  Places  in  Connaught  excluded  from  protection. 

"Whereas  the  places  hereafter  mentioned,  within  the  province  of  Connaught,  are 
known  harbors  and  receptacles  for  the  enemy,  and  other  bloudy  and  mischeivous 
persons,  who  from  thence  take  advantage  and  appointments  to  committ  murders, 
rapines,  thefts,  and  all  kind  of  spoyle  upon  the  English  and  others  in  the  said  pro- 
vince, under  the  protection  of  the  Parliament  of  England,  and  their  army  and  forces : 
For  the  prevention  of  such  mischiefs,  it  is  ordered,  that  the  County  of  Leitrim  (except 
the  baronies  of  Leitrim,  Moghell,  and  Drumahere)  be  excluded  from  protection.  In 
the  County  of  Roscommon,  O'Hanly's  country,  and  the  country  and  territories  of 
]  and  Ferchowle,  be  likewise  excluded.  The  county  of  Mayo,  (except  Kil- 
meane,  Carrow,  and  Tirawly)  be  also  excluded.  In  the  County  of  Galway,  the  baro- 
nies of  Mucullin  and  Ballinahinchg,  the  half  barony  of  Ross,    the    half   barony  of 

Buryshule, 
0  Orig.  Council  Book. 


414 


Buryshule,  the  half  barony  of  Arran,  and  the  half  barony  of  Killiane,  the-  parish 
Beunagh,  Killkerin,  Moylagh  in  the  barony  of  Teaquin;  the  parish  of  Ballinekilly  in 
the  barony  of  Collavin  (except  the  Rands)  be  likewise  excluded  from  protection. 

"  It  is  further  ordered,  that  Sir  Charles  Coote  do  cause  proclamation  of  this  order 
to  be  made  within  some  publique  places  within  the  said  counties,  to  thend  that  the 
inhabitants  of  the  said  baronies  and  places,  may,  before  the  io,h  March  next,  remove 
themselves,  families,  cattle  and  other  goods  into  the  parliament's  quarters,  and  to 
dwell  and  reside  in  such  waste  untenanted  places  there,  as  to  the  Lord  President 
(Coote)  &°,  shall  seem  most  convenient:  and  in  case  they  doe  not  remove  as  aforesaid, 
they  shall  be  excluded  from  protection,  be  accounted  as  enemies,  and  shall  be  taken, 
slayned  and  destroyed  as  enemies,  and  their  cattle  and  other  goods  shall  be  taken  and 
made  prey  of,  as  goods  of  enemies.     At  Dublin,  6"'  Feb.  165  ip." 

"By  the  Council  of  War  re.  Ordered. 
"  That  commissary  General  John  Reynolds,  be  and  is  hereby  authorized,  to  allow 
a  reward  to  any  person  or  persons,  that  shall  bring  in  the  person  or  head  of  any  rebefl, 
now  in  armes  against  the  Commonwealth  of  England,   and  under  the  command  of 
Colonell  Donough  O'Connor;  the  same  being  proved  or  otherwise  well  known  to  be 
the  person  or  head  of  such  rebell,  and  that  he  was  so  taken   or  slaynebv  su 
Provided  that  the  said  reward  exceed  not  forty  pounds  for  tin    person  or  head 
said  Donough,  and  forty  shillings  for  each  soldier  or  other  officer,  or  one  niontl. 
according  to  the  quality  of  the  officer.     And  provided  the  ?aid  reward  bee  not  . 
till  the  expiration  of  one  month  after  the  person  or  head  is  -  .;   in.     Dublin, 

IIth  Feb.  1652"." 

"  Onlcr  fur  Transplanting. 
"To  his  Highness  the  Lord  Protector,   his  council  for  the  affa. 
Ireland.     Barronies  in  the  Province  of  Connaught,  and  Cou: 
Clare,  appointed  to  receive  the  Inhabitants  of  certayne  counl 
the  other  three  provinces;  so  that  the  transplanted  per- 
receive  lands  suitable  (as  neare  as  may  be)  in  quantity  and  quality 
to  the  places  from  whence  they  are  removed. 
"  The  inhabitants  of  the  province  of  LTlster  (except  the  counties  of  Downe  and 
Antrim)  to  be  transplanted  into  the  barronies  of  Muctullin,    /'•  .-.<, .   and  Ballw 
sey,   in  the  territorie  of  Ere- Connaught',   and  county  of  Galwav  (except   what    is 

rved 


p  Orig.  Council  Book. 

1  Id. 

r  At  this  period,  Iar -Connaught  was  nearly  depo- 


pulated. The  opposite  district  of  Clare  was  also 
desolated  by  the  wars,  and  almost  entirely  deserted 
by  the  ancient  natives.    This  appears  by  a  petition  of 


4i5 

reserved  by  the  lyne  in  the  sea),  and  into  the  baronijs  of  Moyriske,  Barryshowle,  the 
half  barony  of  Irish  (Erris)  parte  of  Tyrawly  barony  (parte  of  it  being  given  to  the 
soldiers),  and  Costello  barony  (except  what  is  within  the  line  aforesaid)  in  the  county 
of  Mayo,  and  into  Tyaquin  barrony  in  the  county  of  Galway. 

"  The  inhabitants  of  the  countys  of  Corke  and  Wexford,  to  be  transplanted  into 
the  barronys  of  Dunkellyn,  and  Killtartan  in  the  county  of  Galway  (except  what  is  in 
the  lyne  on  the  sea),  and  into  Athlone  barrony,  and  the  half  barrony  of  Moycarnan 
(except  what  is  in  the  lyne  on  the  Shannon)  in  the  county  of  Roscommon. 

"  The  inhabitants  of  the  county  of  Kerry,  to  be  transplanted  into  Inchiquin  and 
Burren  barronys  in  the  county  of  Clare,  and  into  the  territories  of  Artagh,  in  the 
Barony  of  Boyle,  county  Roscommon. 

"  The  inhabitants  of  the  counties  of  Downe  and  Antrim,  to  be  transplanted  into 
the  barronys  of  Clanmorris,  Carew  (Carra),  and  Kilmaine,  in  the  county  of  Mayo. 

"  The  inhabitants  of  the  Counties  of  Kilkenny,  Westmeath,  Longforde,  King's 
County,  and  Tipperary,  to  be  transplanted  into  the  baronies  of  Tullagh,  Bunratty, 
Islands,  Corcomroe,  Clondrelaw,  Moyfartoe,  and  Ibrican,  in  the  county  of  Clare,  and 
into  the  half  barony  of  Ballamo,  in  the  county  of  Galway. 

"  The  inhabitants  of  the  countyes  of  Catherlagh,  Waterford,  and  Limerick,  into 
the  half  bar ronies  of  Loughrea  andLeitrim,  thebarronies  of  Dunmore  and  Kilconnell, 
and  the  half  barony  of  Longford  (except  what  is  in  the  lyne)  in  the  county  of  Galway. 

"  And  the  inhabitants  of  Kildare,  Eastmeath,  Queen's  Countie  and  Dublin,  into 
the  barronies  of  Roscommon,  and  Ballintobber,  the  half  barony  of  Bellamoe,  and  the 
barony  of  Boyle,  except  the  territory  of  Artagh,  in  the  county  of  Roscommon. 

"  Memorand.   that  Lowth  is  reputed  much  better  land  than  Wicklow,  and  to  be 

accordingly    estimated Dated,  Dublin,  12th  Feb.  1655. 

"Har.  Waller. — Cha.  Coote. — Robert  King. — John  Hewson Wm 

JEPSON. HlEROME  SaNKEY8." 

To  return    to   the   descendants   of  Morogh   na  maor.     The  most  remarkable  of 
these  was  Edmund  O'Flaherty,  before-named',  a  man  of  great  strength  and  stature, 
whose  name,  as  Emuinn  laidir,  or  "  strong  Ned,"   is  to  this  day  familiar  in  Iar- Con- 
naught. 

the  surviving    inhabitants  there,    to    Government,  at  the  most,  of  the  whole  country  (and  lying  in  the 

praying  to  be  relieved  from  the  monthly  contribu-  barony  of  Bonratty),  at  present  inhabited,  excepting 

tion.     "  The  said  county  of  Clare  having  in  it  nine  some  few  persons,  who,   for  their  own  safety,  live 

baronies  containing  above  1300  plough-lands,  is  now  in  garrisons." — Council  Book,  A   D.  1653. 
totally  ruinated   and   deserted   by  the  inhabitants  s  Id.  A.  D.  1655. 

thereof;   there  not   being  above  40    plough-lands,  '  Page  411,  ante,  Gen.  Table,  II.  No.  40. 


416 


naught.  Tradition  has  handed  down  many  wonderful  narratives  of  his  prowess  and 
achievements".  Among  others,  it  relates  that  he  had  frequent  rencounters  with 
captain  Eichard  Martin,  who  obtained  several  grants  of  the  confiscated  lands  of  the 
O'Flaherties,  under  the  Act  of  Settlement,  and  that  they  generally  fought  on  horse- 
back, sword  in  hand;  but  that  the  latter,  being  continually  surrounded  by  his 
followers,  always  escaped,  while  Emuinn  laidir  was  often  obliged  to  cut  his  way 
through  them,  to  avoid  being  overpowered.  He  was  first  married  to  Mable.  dai- . 
of  Brian  oge  na  samthaclT,  by  whom  he  had  a  son,  Edmund  ogew.  Secondly.  I  KV. 
Martin,  of  Coslough  in  the  county  of  Mayo,  by  whom  he  had  three  sons\  And 
thirdly,  to  the  daughter  of  McCormick  of  Castlehill,  in  Erris,  in  the  same  coun: 
whom  he  had  no  issue5.     In  A.  D.,  1720,  he  was  appointed  executor  in  the  will  of 


"  Emuinn  laidir  was  the  Hercules  of  Iar-Con- 
naught.  The  Irish,  like  the  Greeks,  were  fond  of 
celebrating  men  of  great  physical  powers.  The  my- 
thological heroes  were  deified  in  Greece.  Fion  Mac 
Cuil  and  the  Fion  Eirean  will  never  be  forgotten  in 
Ireland.  Some  remarkable  notices  of  human  size 
and  strength  will  be  found  in  our  ancient  writers. 
Thus,  we  read  in  the  Annals  of  Clonmacnoise,  at 
A.D.  1153,  that  "  the  head  of  Eochie  mac  Lughti," 
an  ancient  king  of  Munster,  taken  out  of  the  earth 
where  it  had  lain  for  centuries,  "  was  as  big  as  anye 
cauldron ;  the  greatest  goose  might  easilie  go  through 
the  holes  of  his  eyes,  and  in  the  place  or  hole  where 
the  marrow  was,  towards  the  throat,  a  goose  might 
enter." — Mac  Geoghegan's  Transl.  This  is  also  re- 
lated by  the  Four  Masters,  at  A.  D.  1157,  where 
Doctor  O'Conor  was  so  puzzled  by  5^6,  the  goose, 
that  he  left  a  blank  space  for  it  in  his  printed  trans  - 
lation.  See  also  Ogt/g.  part  iii.  c.  45,  and  the  ad- 
dition to  Caradoc's  History  of  Wales,  about  A.  D. 
1086  and  1179. 

Even  in  our  own  days,  some  curious  discoveries  of 
the  kind  have  been  made.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Molloy, 
late  parish  priest  of  Donaghpatriek,  in  the  barony  of 
Clare,  the  old  Ul  bpiuin  peola  of  the  O'Flaher- 
ties (See  Map),  is  said  to  have  discovered,  some 
years  ago,  in  an  ancient  earn  there,  a  skeleton  which 
measured  fourteen  feet  in  length,  but  he  had  it  soon 
after  secretly  interred,  in  order  to  put  an  end  to  idle 


curiosity,  and  to  prevent  it.-  tx-in::  carried  m 
virtuosos.      According  to   tradition,    the   can; 
raised  over  one  of  tin-  early  chief-  of  t).' 
tii-. 

*  Gen.  Tab.  II.  Na  10. 
■  Id.  Xo.  41. 

*  Id.  Xo.  41. 

1   ' '  Frivola  ha;c  fortasse  cuipiam  et  nimis  levia  ease 
videantur." — L'sscr.  in  Prefat.  a  Flav.  V 
th'V  may  possibly  1»-  excused,  when  it  shall  !- 
sidered  how  little  is  known  of  the  neat/em  <  >T 
ties  for  the  la-t   two 
have   been   ahno- 

affluent    and    fortunate    kinsmen    of    Lemw. 
Even  this  latter  brand:  1.  pertiap- 

from  similar  oblivion,  in  the  following  mam    - 
After  its  inheritance  had  been  granted  by  the  < 
t..   the   Earl  of  Clanrickard.  his  lordsh: 
May.  A.D.  1687,   demised  the  castle  and  lands  of 
Aghnenure,  LemonneM  .v 

Gerald  Dillon,  in  trust  for  Bryan  Friaherty  (Geo. 
Tab.  IL  Xo.  40.),  andMorogh.  his  son.  for  81  years, 
at  £76  yearly  rent.    The  Earl,  in  A.  I".  I 

.  to  Bryan  I  those  lands  I  1   - 

which  sum  was    t>orrowed  from  t!: 
on  a  mortgage  of  the  entire.     That  m 
afterwards  foreclosed,  and  lord  St.  George  became 
the  purchaser  of  the  principal  part  of  the  inheritance : 
leaving  a  comparatively  small  portion  u:  - 


417 


his  brother-in-law,  Bryan  O'Flaherty,  of  Lemonfieldz.  About  A.  D.  1749,  Edmund 
laidir  died,  in  distressed  circumstances,  at  his  estate  of  Cloonadrawena,  in  the  parish 
of  Ballinakill,  and  was  interred  in  a  small  chapel  attached  to  the  old  church  there*3. 
Towards  the  beginning  of  the  present  century,  his  bones  were  taken  up  and  placed 
in  a  niche  in  the  chapel  wall,  where  they  long  remained  objects  of  wonder,  for  their 
extraordinary  size. 

The  most  distinguished  of  the  descendants  of  Sir  Murrough  na  d-tuadhc,  was  colo- 
nel Morogh,  also  surnamed  na  d-tuadhd,  or,  as  anglicised,  "  na  doe" ;  who  took  a 
determined  part,  on  the  side  of  the  Irish,  in  the  commotions  of  the  seventeenth  century, 
in  the  course  of  which  he  was  strongly  opposed  to  his  noble  kinsman,  the  Marquis  of 
Clanricardee.  His  descendant  in  the  fourth  generation,  Sir  John  O'Flaherty,  of 
Lemonfieldf  (whose  mother  was  Janeg,  eldest  daughter  of  Theobald,  sixth  Viscount 
Mayo),  served  with  honour  and  applause  as  captain  in  the  65th  regiment  of  foot1'. 
He  was  also  deputy  governor  of  the  county  of  Gal  way,  and  died  A.  D.  1 808,  anno 
setat.  82. 

In  the  seventeenth  century,  the  entire  territory  of  Iar-Connaught  was  confiscated, 
and  such  of  the  O'Flaherties  as  survived  war  and  famine,  were  thrown  "  landless"  on 
the  world.  The  country  was  parcelled  out ;  and,  after  the  Restoration,  was  granted  to 
several  patentees'.     The  principal  of  these  were,  the  Earl  of  Clanricarde,  Richard 

Martin 


is  now  possessed  by  the  lineal  representative  and 
head  of  the  family,  Thomas  Henry  O'Flaherty,  Esq. 

z  See  ante,  p.  60,  note  u. 

a  Now  the  estate  of  Edmond  (Gen.  Table,  II. 
No.  44). 

b  See  ante,  p.  118,  note  ': 

<•'  Gen.  Table,  II.  No.  36. 

<*  Id.  No.  39. 

e  See  ante,  p.  406,  note  f. 

f  Gen.  Table,  II.  No.  43.  See  Lodge's  Peerage, 
vol.  iv.,  p.  246,  Ed.  1789,  for  Sir  John  and  his  bro- 
thers, with  their  alliances.  Also  vol.  iii.  p.  273,  for 
the  daughter  of  Valentine  Browne  (brother  of  Col. 
John  Browne),  and  Bridget  Talbot  (daughter  of 
Col.  James  Talbot,  and  cousin  of  the  Earl  of  Shrews- 
bury), viz.,  Letitia  (cousin  of  Jane,  mother  of  Sir 
John  O'Flaherty),  grandmother  of  Talbot  O'Flaherty 
(Gen.  Table,  II.  No.  42,  et  ante,  p.  363). 

s  She  was  the  "pearla  an  chuil  oh",  the  pearl 
of  the  golden  locks,  of  Carolan's  well-known  Irish 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5.  3 


song,  "  Lord  Mayo  "  See  Irish  Minstrelsy,  vol.  i. 
p.  232. 

h  He  was  one  of  the  party  which  composed  the 
forlorn  hope  at  the  taking  of  Martinique  and  Guada- 
loupe,  and  for  his  gallant  conduct  was  rewarded 
with  a  company.  In  the  commission  he  is  styled 
"  baronet."  In  a  subsequent  commission  of  the 
peace,  15th  January,  19  Geo.  III.,  he  is  styled 
"  knight ;"  but  neither  he  nor  his  successor  seems  to 
have  cared  much  about  either  title.  See  ante,  p. 
307,  par.  10,  where  it  appears  that  Queen  Elizabeth 
intended  to  create  their  direct  ancestor,  Morrough 
na  d-tuadh,  a  peer  of  Ireland. 

'  See  Abstracts  of  the  Grants  passed  under  the 
Acts  of  Settlement  and  Explanation,  attached  to  the 
Fifteenth  Report  of  the  Commissioners  on  the  Public 
Records  of  Ireland,  vol.  iii.  fo.  Lond.  1825.  The 
Editor  having  first  suggested  the  printing  of  those 
Abstracts  as  an  Appendix  to  the  Report  referred  to, 
he  takes  this  opportunity  of  mentioning,  as  a  literary 
H 


4i8 

Martin  of  Dangan;  John  Browne,  ancestor  of  the  Marquis  of  Sligo;  the  Archbishop 
of  Tuarn,  in  trust  for  the  see ;  Doctor  Seele,  Provost  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  in 
trust  for  the  College;  Sir  Thomas  Meredith,  one  of  Cromwell's  Privy  Council  in  Ire- 
land; Sir  George  Bingham  of  Castlebar;  Colonel  John  Whaley,  one  of  the  49  ofi. 
Edward  Geoghegan,  a  "transplanter;"  several  descendants  of  the  wealthy  burghers 
of  Galway,  and  others.  One  of  the  most  extensive  of  these  grantee-  wa-  Richard 
Martin,  Esq.,  a  "rank  papist;"  but,  so  far  as  the  acquisition  of  property  was  con- 
cerned, one  of  the  most  remarkable  men  of  his  time.  After  the  abdication  at 
James  II.,  he  joined,  or  rather  was  obliged  to  join,  the  forlorn  hope  called  the  Irish 
army  of  that  prince.  He  was  appointed  a  captain  of  foot,  and  having  been  "  commanded 
towards  Dublin,"  for  active  service,  he  "made  his  will."  The  original,  in  his  hand- 
writing, and  dated  5th  May,  1689,  is  now  before  me;  but  although  sufficiently  curious 
in  itself,  lean  here  only  glance  at  its  contents.     After  devising  hi-  :i  the 

"  baronyes  of  Muckulin,  Ballynehinch,  and  Ross,  in  Ire-Connaught,"  and  his  lands 
in  other  parts  of  the  counties  of  Galway,  Roscommon,  and  Mayo,  to  his  sons,  Robert 
and  Anthony,  and  providing  for  his  six  daughters,  it  proceeds : 

"  I  doe  bequeath  to  the  ffryers  of  St.  Ffrancis  abbey  in  Gallway,  five  pounds  - 
ling,  to  be  paid  them,   in  order  to  oblige  them  to  pray  for  me  continually  in  that 
church.     And  I  doe  recomend  to  my  wife  to  erect  some  parte  of  our  chappell  in  the 
said  abbey,  and  to  leave  some  monument  behind  us  in  the  said  chappell.  which  will 
verry  much  helpe  the  remembering  us  in  their  prayers.    I  Leave  forty  shillings  to  the 

fryers 

anecdote,  a  difficulty  which  he  had  to  remove,  before  Editor  became  fully  convinced  that,  without  their  aid, 
the  proposition  was  carried  into  effect.  This  arose  from  the  transactions  of  the  seventeenth  century,  which  are 
an  apprehension  under  which  some  of  the  Commis-  among  the  most  momentous  in  Irish  history,  can  never 
sioners  laboured,  that  the  publication  of  the  Abstracts  be  adequately  pourtrayed  bv  the  historian.  It  is  rea- 
in  question,  might  cause  the  descendants  of  the  de-  sonable  to  suppose  that,  during  the  period  to  which 
prived  Irish,  to  seek  for  a  restitution  of  their  ancient  these  Depositions  relate,  and  before  the  j.olitical  feel- 
estates  ;  and  which  caused  the  suggestion  to  be  at  first  ings  and  religious  prejudices  of  the  times  had  entire!  v 
rejected  But  after  adducing  reasons  to  shew  the  subsided,  prudence  might  have  prevented  their  con- 
absurdity  of  such  an  apprehension,  the  project  was  tents  from  being  generally  laid  before  the  public. 
at  length  adopted;  and  that  valuable  body  of  infor-  But  now.  after  a  lapse  of  more  than  two  centuries. 
niation  has  been  added  to  the  other  published  ma-  when  such  causes  no  longer  exist,  no  good  argument 
terials  for  Irish  history.  can  be  advanced  against  the  publication  of  the  en- 
But  another  class  of  recorded  evidence,  of  a  much  tire,  except,  perhaps,  the  argumentum  ad  ram,  for 
more  curious  nature  than  the  foregoing,  still  remains  the  expense  would  undoubtedly  be  considerable. 
for  publication;  namely,  the  Depositions  connected  Leaving  it,  however,  in  the  hands  of  those  competent 
with  the  rebellion  of  1641,  which  are  preserved  in  to  obviate  that  difficulty,  it  is  to  be  hoped  that. 
the  MS.  library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  After  sooner  or  later,  those  curious  doctunents  may  be  given 
a  close  inspection  of  most  of  those  documents,  the  to  the  world. 


419 

fryers  of  Eoss  abbey,  the  like  surae  to  the  abbey  of  Kinalehen,  and  the  like  sume  to 
the  Dominicans  and  Augustinians  in  Galway.  I  bequeath  to  my  parish  priest  forty 
shillings,  to  father  Bietagh  soe  much,  and  father  Teige  soe  much.  I  desire  my  wife 
be  kind  to  the  poore  of  this  country.     The  rest  I  leave  to  God. 

"  Eichard  Martin." 
The  testator  lived  upwards  of  thirty  years  after  the  date  of  this  will.  On  the  defeat 
of  James  II.,  he  submitted  to  King  William's  government,  and  obtained  a  free  and 
general  pardon.  He  then  petitioned  that  King,  setting  forth,  that  he,  the  petitioner, 
"  is  seized  of  several  thousands  of  acres  of  coarse  mountain  lands,  in  the  remotest  part 
of  the  county  Galway  called  Ere-Connaught,  beyond  Galway  in  the  kingdom  of 
Ireland;  which  with  great  care,  pains,  and  industry  he  acquired  under  the  Acts  of 
Settlement  and  Explanation.  That  the  said  lands  are  now  in  a  manner  wholly  waste, 
and  that  he  cannot  procure  tenants  to  live  on  them  without  great  encouragement. 
That  petitioner  is  so  sensible  of  your  Majesty's  grace  and  favour,  that  he  is  resolved 
to  lay  out  all  he  is  worth,  or  that  he  can  on  his  credit  raise,  to  improve  the  said 
lands,  and  hopes  that  his  example  will  induce  others  to  do  the  same.  That  your 
petitioner  designs  building  a  town,  in  a  place  called  Clare,  where  there  are  two  fairs 
kept  yearly,  by  prescription,  and  to  give  all  encouragement  imaginable  to  all  trades- 
men and  handycraftsmen  to  settle  and  plant  there,  and  hopes  that  if  the  said  lands 
were  erected  into  a  manner  [manor],  he  should  much  sooner  effect  his  intention."  This 
was  accordingly  granted  by  patent,  dated  5th  July,  A.  D.  1698,  by  which,  it  is  said, 
the  title  of  all  his  previous  acquisitions  was  ratified ;  and  that  seems  to  have  been  the 
principal  object  in  view,  for  the  promised  town  was  never  built.  In  conclusion,  it 
may  be  observed,  that  although  Iar-Connaught,  which  equals  in  size  some  of  our 
Irish  counties,  was  wrested  from  the  O'Flaherties,  and  transferred  to  new  masters  in 
the  seventeenth  century,  it  remains  to  this  day,  with  all  its  natural  advantages,  one 
of  the  least  improved,  and  least  productive  portions  of  the  same  extent  in  Ireland. 
Hence  the  poet  has  sarcastically  pointed  to 

"The  houseless  wilds  of  Connamara." 


III. 

As  the  present  volume  of  the  publications  of  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society  has 
commenced  with  Eoderic  O'Flaherty's  treatise  on  West  or  h- Iar-Connaught,  it  will 
conclude  with  some  smaller  treatises  or  essays  by  him,  on  historical  and  antiquarian 
subjects,  not  hitherto  published;  having  prefixed  a  few  notices  of  the  author  and  his 
works,  not  given  by  former  investigators: 

3  H  2  "  The 


420 


"  The  kingdom  cannot  too  much  express  its  obligations  to  Mr.  Boderie  0' Flaherty.''' 

C.  O'Conor,  Dissert.  Sect.  viii. 

By  the  Indenture  of  Composition  for  Iar-Connaught,  entered  into  with  Queen 
Elizabeth,  A.  D.,  15S5*,  it  appears,  that  our  author's  grandfather,  Rory  O'Flahi-rty, 
of  Moycullen1,  was  one  of  the  principal  contracting  parties  therein  ;  and  that  it  pro- 
vided for  his  better  mayntenance  of  livinge,  and  in  respect  of  his  good  and  civil 
bringinge  up  in  England™,  he  should  have  letters  pattentee  of  the  castle  and  boa 
Moycullen,  and  all  other  his  lands  in  Gnobegge11.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest 
son,  Hugh  O'Flaherty,  who  took  to  wife  Elizabeth  Darcy,  of  the  family  of  tin- 
brated  lawyer  of  that  name,  for  whom  see  Harris's  Ware,  vol.  ii.  p.  121.  This  Hugh 
was  the  last  chief  of  his  race.  He  resided  in  the  castle  of  Moycullen0,  and  died  20th 
October,  1631,  leaving  our  author,  then  an  infant  of  two  years,  his  only  son  and  heir, 
as  appears  by  an  Inquisitio  post  mortem,  still  remaining  on  records 

At  this  period,  Galway,  our  author's  birth-place,  had  within  its  walls  a  famou* 
school,  to  which  students  resorted  from  all  parts  of  Ireland0-.  This  establishment  was 
conducted  by  Alexander  Lynch,  one  of  the  ancient  natives  of  the  town,  and  a  man  of 

considerable 


k  See  ante,  p.  309,  where,  in  note  d,  for  Moycullen 
read  Gnobeg. 

I  Gen.  Table,  II.  No.  35. 

"'  Part  of  the  policy  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  govern- 
ment in  Ireland,  was  to  induce  the  Irish  chiefs  and 
others  of  rank,  to  send  their  children  to  be  educated 
in  England.  "  Quant  aux  Irlandais  de  race,  Taction 
du  governement  sur  eux  se  bornait,  en  temps  de  paix, 
ii  des  tentatives  pour  attirer  en  Angleterre  les  chefs 
et  les  princes,  qui  £taient  en  grand  nombre,  et  pour 
obtenir  que  leurs  fils  fussent  mis  sous  la  garde  et 
elevSs  dans  l'hotel  du  roi." — Thierry,  Histoire  de  la 
Conquete  de  V Angleterre  par  les  Normans.  Con- 
clusion, sec.  iv.  But  this  policy  not  succeeding 
generally,  King  James  I.  improved  on  the  plan,  by 
having  a  clause  inserted  in  all  grants  of  wardship, 
that  the  wards  should  be  "  maintained  and  educated 
in  the  English  religion  and  habits,  in  Trinity  College, 
Dublin." — See  the  patent  rolls  of  that  king,  passim. 

II  Ante,  p.  315.  By  inquisition  taken  16th  Nov., 
1605,  it  was  found  that  he  died  15th  Nov.,  1599, 
seized  of  the  castle  of  Moycullen,  and  various  lands 
in  Gnobeg,  which  he  held  in  capite,  by  military  ser- 
vice ;  and  that  Hugh  O'Flaherty  was  his  son  and 


heir. —  (frig.  Inq.  - 

"  See  ante,  p.  55,  note  k. 

P  Bolls  Office,  Dublin.  6°  Aug.  An    B  t  ar.  I.      It 
states  the  marriage  settlemi  I  lated  10th 

July.   1626,   in  which  Patrick   Darcy.  the  la- 
appears  named  as  a  trustee. 

'I  A  writer  in  a  1  1  he  Dublin  Penny 

Journal,  A.  D.  1883,  p.  826,  giving  an  extract 
from  the  Regal  Visitation  of  Ireland,  A.  D.  1G15, 
see   anti.   p.    21S  I  hoolmaster 

named  Lynch,"  m«mrinn«i  in  it,  was  Doctor  John 
Lynch,  author  of  Cambrensis  Erersus.     But  that 
was  a  mistake,  as  appears  by  the  following 
in  the  annals  of  the  town:  "A.D.    1608,   at  this 
period  there  was  a  famous  school,  conta       -     - 

irs,  kept  in  Galway  by  Alenanrter  Lynch." 
For  tliis entry, see  Dntton's  St.n.  Survey.  O.Galway. 
p.  263.  Dub.  1 B24.  Doc*  «■  John  Lynch  was,  how 
ever,  as  tradition  tells  us,  the  son  and  successor  of 
that  Alexander.  That  tradition  the  Editor  had  from 
his  old  friend  John  Lynch  Alexander,  mentioned  in 
Hist.  Galway.  preface,  p.  ix..  who  was  himself  of  the 
same  branch  of  the  Lynches :  and  died  about  fifteen 
years  ago,  aged  upwards  of  eighty. 


421 

considerable  learning.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  Doctor  John  Lynch,  afterwards  a 
Roman  Catholic  bishop,  and  well  known  as  the  author  of  the  celebrated  work  entitled 
Cambrensis  Eversus.  In  this  school  our  author  was  educated ;  and  between  him  and  Doc- 
tor Lynch,  who  was  older  by  some  years,  an  intimacy  and  friendship  were  formed, 
which  ended  only  with  their  lives.  The  distinguished  antiquary,  Duald  Mac  Firbis,  of 
Lecane,  was  the  intimate  friend  of  both ;  and  this  learned  triumvirate  had  long  resided 
together  in  Galway.  It  may  be  necessary  to  observe  here,  that  during  the  first  half 
of  the  seventeenth  century,  that  town  was  the  most  distinguished  place  in  Ireland, 
next  to  Dublin ;  which,  in  some  respects,  it  surpassed,  particularly  in  its  commercial 
relations.  Some  have  even  gone  so  far  as  to  assert,  that  if  in  the  beginning,  Galway 
had  become  the  capital  of  Ireland,  instead  of  Dublin,  the  country  in  general  would 
at  the  present  day  be  far  more  advanced  than  it  is,  in  prosperity  and  improvement. 
In  the  ancient  school  and  college  of  St.  Nicholas  there,  many  learned  men  were  edu- 
cated. Here,  Mac  Firbis,  O'Flaherty,  Lynch,  Francis  Browne1-,  Patrick  Darcy,  the 
celebrated  lawyer,  Sir  Richard  Blake,  Dr.  Kirwan,  R.  C.  bishop  of  Killala,  Edmund  de 
Burgo,  Peter  French,  John  O'Heyne,  and  other  persons  of  distinction  frequently  assem- 
bled. And  here  were  planned  and  partly  executed,  some  of  those  learned  works 
which  have  ever  since  ranked  among  the  most  valuable  on  Irish  history. 

Our  author  from  his  youth  applied  himself  closely  to  the  study  of  the  history 
and  antiquities  of  his  native  land ;  and  under  the  guidance  of  his  two  more  matured 
friends,  Mac  Firbis  and  Lynch,  he  made  considerable  progress.  His  first  production 
was  his  Letter  on  the  Chronology  of  Irish  History,  addressed  to  Doctor  Lynch,  whom 
he  calls  his  most  dear  Lynch,  "  charissime  Lyncase."  In  this  it  appears,  that  a  long 
literary  correspondence  had  taken  place  between  them  on  that  subject;  and  that  the 
chronological  discrepancies  between  Irish  writers,  had  given  them  both  considerable 
trouble,  "  Plurimam  molestiam  in  tua  meaque  mente  pepererunt."  Lynch  requested 
our  author  to  revise  and  correct  the  chronology  from  the  ancient  authorities,  and  the 
result  appears  partly  in  this  letter;  which  is  dated  ex  Armorica,  Galviensis,  18  Sep- 
tembris  Sabbato  4  Temporum  1665,  but  was  first  published  with  the  Ogygia,  in 
A.  D.  1685.  This  letter  appears  to  have  been  revised  long  after  its  date,  for  it  con- 
tains an  allusion  to  the  murder  of  the  author's  intimate  friend,   "  intimo  nostro 

amico," 

r  See  Ogyg-  P-  30.  FaiP5e,  as  it  is  called  to  this  day.     Near  it,  at 

8  The  Editor's  copy  of  the  Ogygia  formerly  be-  parke,  the  author  resided  at  the  time.     His  transla- 

longed  to  Dr.  Ledwich,  who  says  in  a  MS.  note  in  it,  tor,  Hely,  has  left  the  term  unexplained  ;  though  he 

that  "  Armorica  Galviensi"  meant  Tuam.     But   in  ought  to  have  known  that  the   Commentators  on 

that  the  Doctor  was  mistaken;   for  it  means  the  Csesar  derive   Armorica   from    Armor   (Irish,  cup 

north    shore    of  the   bay  of  Galway,   i.e.    coip  muip)  on  the  sea." 


422 

amico,"   Duald  Mac  Firbis,   which    was  perpetrated  in  A.  D.  167Y-     The   assistance 
which  he  received  from  this  learned  man  is  feelingly  acknowledged. 

His  next  known  production,  in  point  of  time,  was  his  "  Observations  on  Dr  Bor- 
lace's  Reduction  of  Ireland,"  now  first  printed  in  this  Appendix,  from  the  author's 
autograph.  This  appears  notified  in  Thorpe's  curious  Catalogue  of  the  Southwell  1 
A. D.  1834,  No.  348,  with  the  following  remark:  "These  observation?  were  trans- 
mitted to  Mr.  Robert  Downing,  in  a  letter  dated  Galway,  Jan.  17.  168 1-2.  and  rebut, 
apparently  with  some  consistency,  Sir  John  Temple's  assertions  respecting  thema- 
of  the  Protestants  of  Ulster,  in  1641.  He  is  very  severe  on  Borlace,  and  vindicates  for- 
cibly the  uncpuestionable  veracity  of  the  early  Irish  chronicles."  This  was  succeeded 
by  his  Description  of  West  or  h-Iar  Connaught,  now  first  printed  in  the  pi 
volume.  After  these  followed  the  publication  of  his  great  work,  the  Ogygia,  which 
remains  a  lasting  monument  of  our  author's  learning  and  genius.  Immediately  on 
its  appearance,  it  excited  the  curiosity  and  attracted  the  attention  of  the  learned  of 
Europe,  many  of  whom  testified  their  approbation  of  the  work  in  the  most  nattering 
terms.  Dr.  Smith,  in  his  Catalogue  of  the  Cotton  Library,  commended  our  autl 
his  learning  and  accuracy';  as  did  also  that  famous  scholar  Edward  Lhuyd.  in  the  pre- 
face to  his  Irish  Dictionary".  Our  ablest  antiquaries  since  that  time  have  admitted, 
that  in  it  he  has  given  "secure  anchorage"  to  Irish  history.  II.  has  "  settled  the  chro- 
nology of  the  Christian  ages  in  Ireland  with  the  greatest  accuracy,  and  even  that  of 
Scotland  so  precisely,  that  he  may  justly  be  esteemed  the  first  chronologer  of  the  affairs 
of  that  kingdom'."  According  to  Pinkerton,  the  Ogygia  "  raised  a  strange  flame 
among  the  Scotish  writers.  National  enmity  and  prejudice  made  truths  very  unaccep- 
table". The  Scotish  lists  (of  the  Dalriadic  kings  of  North  Britain)  compan-d  witb 
that  of  O'Flaherty,  are  most  inaccurate1." 

Although 

1  See  Cat.  Stow.  MSS.  vol.  i.  p.  86.  guage    and    literature    of   the    country.       Among 
"  Arch.  Brit.  p.  311,  A.  D.  1706.  these  are  reckoned  those  h  <-m-makers. 
T  O'Conor,  Dissert,  sect.  xii.  Whitaker,  Pinkerton.  and  their  followers;  al> 
w  Introd.  Hist.  Scot.  p.  xlix.  which  see,  for  the  Leland,  and  others  of  their  class.     During  the  pro- 
continuation  of  Pinkerton's  characteristic  exposure  gress  of  the  Ogygia,  the  author,  always  nn«iest  and 
of  the  "  crazy  ideas,  ahsurd  ingenuity,  puerile  read-  diffident,  sent  the  lirst  part  of  the  work  to  his  friend. 
ing,  and  cunning  quibbles,"  of  the  three  historical  William  Molyneux  :   a  man  whose  name,   in  many 
knights  errant,   Sir  George  Mackenzie,   Sir  Robert  respects.    "  Ireland  euirht  to  honour."     The  latter. 
Sibbald,  and  Sir  James  Dalrymple,  in  defence  of  the  writing  to  his  brother  Thomas.  30th  Oct.  1683.  says. 
romantic  fables  of  Scotch  history,  against  our  author.  "  I  have  in  my  hands,   and  do  suddenly  intend  to 
*  Hist.   Scot.  vol.  i.  p.  100.      It  has  long  been  send  them  over,   the  first   part  of  the  Ogygia.     I 
the  fate  of  Irish  history  and  antiquities,  to  be  misre-  think,  indeed,   it  is  not   contemptible,   and  that  is 
presented  by  persons   unacquainted   with  the   Ian-  enough  to  be  said  of  any  thing  relating  to  the  pro- 


423 


Although  our  author  was  naturally  of  a  mild  and  forbearing  disposition,  and  not 
inclined  to  censure  others,  yet  he  was  sometimes  obliged  to  lay  aside  his  usual  for- 
bearance ;  and  on  one  occasion  particularly,  he  "  let  fly,"  to  use  the  words  of  Bishop 
Nicolson,  "  a  whole  chapter  of  remarksy  upon  honest  Father  Walsh,  for  his  pretend- 
ing, in  his  '  Prospect  of  Ireland,'  to  criticism  in  the  Irish  language1."  But  the  real 
cause  was,  our  author's  dislike  of  that  restless  ecclesiastic,  for  his  advocacy  of  Ormond, 
the  determined  enemy  of  the  old  Irish  proprietors.  Nicolson  adds,  that  "  this  severe 
treatment"  probably  discouraged  Walsh  from  publishing  a  second  part  of  his  "  Pros- 
pect." This  is  not  unlikely,  although  the  Ogygia,  which  contained  the  "  Remarks," 
was  not  published  for  three  years  after  Walsh's  work.  The  subjoined  original  docu- 
ment, now  first  printed,  may  help  to  shew  how  that  remarkable  man  was  employed, 
after  Ormond's  departure  from  Ireland". 

The  "Ogygia  Vindicated  against  the  Objections  of  Sir  George  Mackenzie,"  was 
our  author's  next  production.  This  remained  in  MS.  until  A.  D.  1775,  when  it  was 
published  by  the  venerable  Charles  0'Conorb,   to  whose  preface  the  reader  is  referred 

for 


found  antiquities  of  our  country,  concerning  which 
little  has  been  yet  said  that  would  not  raise  scorn  in 
a  reader."  See  Dublin  University  Magazine  for  Oct. 
1841,  p.  472.  Vallancey  was  not  ashamed  to  charge 
our  author  with  duplicity  in  pretending  ignorance 
of  the  old  language  in  which  the  Brehon  laws  were 
written.  See  preface  to  Collect,  p.  v.  Ed.  1770;  and 
Lhuyd's  letter,  to  which  he  refers.  Phil.  Trans.  No.  363. 

y  Ogyg.  Part.  in.  c.  27. 

*  Ir.  Hist.  Lib.  ii.  c.  2. 

a  The  following  is  from  the  original  Council  Book, 
Dublin  Castle: 

"  Order  to  lycence  Peter  Walsh  a  priest,  to  come 
out  of  Flanders  into  Ireland. 

"  Whereas  we  are  informed  by  Coll.  Christopher 
Mayo,  that  one  Peter  Walsh  a  priest,  now  in 
Flanders,  is  furnished  witli  authority  from  the  King 
of  Spaine,  and  moneys  for  the  transporting  of  4000 
Irish  natives  for  his  said  Majesties  service  in  Flan- 
ders aforesaid.  These  are  therefore  to  permitt  and 
suffer  the  said  Peter  Walsh  with  his  servants,  tra- 
velling arms,  and  necessaries,  quietly  to  transport 
himself  into  Ireland :  provided,  that  at  his  first 
arrival  in  Ireland,  the  said  Walsh  do  give  notice  to 
the   governor  of  the  garrison   where    he  shall    so 


arrive ;  provided  also  that  he  comes  furnished  with 
authority  as  aforesaid,  and  that  he  use  not  his 
priestly  function  in  this  land ;  and  that  he  act  no- 
thing prejudiciall  to  the  commonwealth  of  England. 
Dublin,  2  0th  May,  1G53." 

b  From  the  original  "  Transactions  of  the  Com- 
mittee of  Antiquarians  of  the  Dublin  Society,"  now 
preserved  in  the  Library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy, 
the  following  extract  relative  to  the  above  work  has 
been  taken  :  "A  MS.  entitled  '  Ogygia  Vindicated,' 
written  by  Mr.  O'Flaherty,  to  expose  Sir  George 
Mackensie's  Defence  of  Fordun's  History  of  the 
Royal  Line  of  Scotland,  was  laid  before  the  Com- 
mittee, by  Mr.  Morris  of  the  County  Galway,  for 
their  perusal :  referred  to  a  Committee,  who  reported 
that  the  same  was  authentic,  and  is  deserving  of 
publication.  Resolved,  1st  Feb.  1773,  that  Charles 
O'Conor,  Esq.,  be  requested  to  prepare  same  for  the 
Press,  with  such  annotations  as  he  shall  think  neces- 
sary. That  a  sum  of  twenty  guineas  be  paid  to 
Mr.  Morris  for  the  same,  provided  he  will  inform 
the  Committee  in  what  manner  the  MS.  came  into 
his  hands,  and  how  long  it  has  been  in  his  posses- 
sion, as  it  appears  not  to  be  in  the  handwriting  of 
Mr.  O'Flaherty." 


424 

for  some  further  particulars  relating  to  our  author.  Mr.  O'Conor  (Preface,  p.  viii.) 
excuses  some  of  the  phraseology  of  that  Avork  by  observing,  that  the  English  was  to 
Mr.  O'Flaherty  "a  foreign  language."  Of  the  same  plea  we  here  avail  ourselves,  with 
reference  to  the  description  of  West  Connaught,  and  the  other  tracts  hereto  subjoined. 
That  he  was  a  greater  master  of  Latin  than  English  is  very  evident ;  but  the  mat- 
ters which  he  has  treated  of  in  the  latter,  and  the  judgment  and  learning  displayed 
throughout,  will,  it  is  hoped,  induce  the  reader  to  extend  that  indulgence  to  him 
here,  which  was  solicited  by  the  venerable  editor  for  the  "  Vindication."  His  Letter 
on  the  Chinese  Chronology,  and  Animadversions  on  the  pretended  Subjection  of  the 
Irish  Bishops  to  the  See  of  Canterbury,  both  first  printed  in  this  Appendix,  are 
the  latest  productions  of  our  author  of  which  we  have  any  knowledge.  The  latter 
was  found  among  the  Southwell  MSS.,  and  is  thus  noticed  in  Thorpe's  Cata! 
before  alluded  to,  No.  432  :  "A  long  and  most  interesting  autograph  letter,  dated 
prid.  cal.  May,  1709,  in  four  closely- written  folio  pages.  The  assertion  here  cor: 
is  that  by  Dr.  Chamberlayne,  in  his  Notitia  Anglicano,  in  relation  to  the  Irbh  nation, 
of  whom,  as  Flaherty  observes,  but  few  late  writers  have  a  right  understanding,  rinee 
the  publishing  of  Giralde's  Cambrensis,  by  Camden,  in  1602,  that  being  the  only 
history  they  follow,  though  the  manifold  errors  and  calumnies  in  that  work  were 
set  forth  in  Latin,  under  the  title  of  Cambrensis  Eversus,  at  St  Male's,  in  1662. 
Lynch's  volume  is  generally  supposed  to  have  been  printed  at  London,  and  its  extreme 
rarity  to  have  been  occasioned  by,  as  it  appears,  only  a  conjectured  annihilate 
the  ravages  of  the  fire  in  1 666. 

"  The  publication  of  this  letter  would  be  a  delicious  morceau  to  the  Irish  ex-' 
astical  antiquary.     Unalloyed  by  romance,  authenticated  references  are  adduced  rela- 
tive to  the  mission  of  St.  Augustine  in  Britain,  and  other  historical  facts.  [#*_ 
render  it  extremely  valuable.    The  life  and  mission  of  St.  Patrick,  an  Englishman,  to 
Ireland,  in  432;  his  founding  the  sees  of  Trim  and  Ardmagh,  in  Ulster:  his  jour- 
ney to  Rome,  where  such  authority  and  privileges  were  granted  to  him  as  rendered 
him  the  hierarch  of  the  Irish  church,  are  so  amply  and  clearly  told,  that  Fla! . 
narrative  will  enforce  the  reader  to  be  assured  of  his  being  one  of  the  most  generally 
informed,  most  lucid,  and  most  impartial  of  the  antiquaries  and  historians  of  his  day.'' 

Our 

,:  There  occurs  in  the  same  Catalogue  a  MS.  num-  dated  at  Oxford,  which  have  been  printed  in  the 
bered  391,  pp.  59,  4to.,  bearing  the  title  of  the  Vindication.  It  is  now  in  the  library  of  Sir  Thomas 
Ogygia,  but  described  as  a  "  Vindication  of  the  Phillips.  Bart.,  of  Middlehill,  Bri  a dwKf,  Worcester- 
work,  against  the  Cavils  of  Sir  George  Mackenzie,"  shire ;  a  gentleman  whose  politeness  and  liberality 
and  stated  as  "not  having  been  printed."  This  MS.  in  permitting  access  to  his  invaluable  ooDectka  of 
is,  however,  nothing  more  than  a  collection  of  pas-  manuscripts,  the  Editor  takes  this  opportunity  again 
sages  from  the  printed  Ogygia  itself,  and  the  letters  gratefully  to  acknowledge. 


425 

Our  author,  in  Ogyg.  part  iii.  c.  xc.  p.  421,  promised  to  continue  that  work  in  a 
second  book,  which  was  to  treat  of  the  Christian  kings  of  Ireland.  Walter  Harris, 
the  editor  of  Ware's  works  (vol.  ii.  p.  272),  says  he  was  "  informed  that  Mr. 
O'Flaherty  did  finish  his  second  Book,  and  that  it  yet  (A.  D.  1745)  remains  in 
MS.  among  his  relations  in  Conaught  ;"  but  Harris  feared  it  was  "  no  more  than  that 
short  abstract  of  Annals,  in  a  few  loose  papers  of  his  Handwriting  (beginning  at  the 
year  1 1 87,  and  ending  with  1327)  which  the  Bishop  of  Derry  mentions'1."  Charles 
O'Conor,  who  was  better  informed  on  the  subject,  informs  us  in  his  Preface  to  Ogygia 
Vindicated,  p.  xxi.,  that  Mr.  O'Flaherty  was  long  employed  about  a  work  entitled 
"  The  Ogygia  Christiana,  or  the  Annals  of  Ireland  from  its  Eeception  of  Chris- 
tianity. This  second  Ogygia,  more  valuable  than  the  first,  for  its  importance,  may,  we 
hope,  be  still  in  some  safe  hande."  The  same  venerable  authority,  in  another  place*, 
expresses  his  apprehensions  lest  any  of  our  author's  loose  papers  "  should  be  offered 
for  publication,  without  receiving  his  own  last  corrections."  But  those  now  first 
printed  in  the  present  volume  appear  to  have  had  that  advantage,  and  even  to  have 
been  transmitted  by  him  for  the  press.  It  is,  therefore,  hoped  that  they  will  not  be 
found  to  detract,  in  any  way,  from  his  well-earned  reputation. 

With  respect  to  our  author's  sad  personal  history,  it  will  not  occupy  much  of  our 
space.  He  had  scarcely  arrived  at  the  age  of  manhood,  A.  D.  1652,  when  he  found 
himself,  without  any  delinquency  on  his  part,  included  in  the  general  proscription  of 
the  times,  and  his  ample  hereditary  possessions  involved  in  the  confiscation  which 
followed.  On  the  ground  of  his  "  innocency,"  he  appealed  to  the  Parliamentary 
Commissioners  of  Delinquency,  who  sat  at  Athlone,  A.  D.  1653,  and  he  was  decreed 
entitled  to  a  considerable  portion  of  his  estate  in  Iar-Connaught,  which  was  accord- 
ingly "  set  out"  to  him  by  the  Commissioners,  who  immediately  after  sat  at  Loughrea. 
But  this  was  a  mere  nominal  restitution,  for  the  contributions  levied  by  the  State 
were  so  heavy8,  and  the  country  was  so  much  depopulated,  that  he  derived  no  benefit 

from 

A  In  Hist.  Library,  Appendix  iv.     The  Bishop  information  which  might  lead  to  its  recovery ;  but 

adds :   "  These  are  a  few  loose  papers  of  that  gentle-  all  without  effect.    The  only  hope  he  now  entertains 

man's  own  hand-writing,  and  ought  to  be  preserved  about  it  is,  that  it  may  possibly  remain  in  the  pos- 

with  due  respect,  since  we  all  know  with  what  a  session  of  the  family  that  inherited   our   author's 

scrupulous    zeal   he  (O'Flaherty)   endeavoured    to  estate  after  his  only  son,  who  died  without  issue, 

ascertain  its  own  time  to  every  occurrence  under  the  but  among  whom  there  was  no  opportunity  of  rnak- 

sun."  ing  inquiry. 

e  The  Editor  joins  in  this  hope,  although  he  has  f  Dissert.  Pref. 

made  several  inquiries  respecting  the  MS.  in  ques-  "  15th  March,  1652,  ordered  by  the   Council  of 

tion,  and  even  proposed  pecuniary  rewards  for  any  State  :  "  On  application  made  to  the  Commissioners 

IRISH    ARCH.    SOC.    1 5.  3  I 


426 

from  it,  and  was,  consequently,  reduced  to  the  most  severe  privations.  It  was  pro- 
bably about  this  time  that,  according  to  Mr.  0'Conorb,  he  experienced  the  friendship 
of  Counsellor  Terence  Mac  Donough,  of  Creevagh,  in  the  County  of  Sligo  ;  and  that 
he  there  first  became  known  to  Duald  Mac  Firbis,  of  Lecane,  in  that  county,  the  most 
learned  Irish  antiquary  of  any  age,  and  whose  acquaintance  was,  in  all  likelihood,  our 
author's  greatest  consolation  under  his  subsequent  difficulties.  The  example  of  this 
distinguished  scholar  is  supposed  to  have  first  induced  him  to  study  the  history  and 
antiquities  of  his  native  land. 

On  the  restoration  of  Charles  II.',  our  author,  like  many  more  of  the  dispossessed 
Irish,  expected  to  be  restored  to  his  estates  ;  but  in  that  he  was  disappointed,  as  he 
has  himself  thus  feelingly  described  :  "  Eegium  haeredem  Dominus  bonorum  omnium 
applausu  citra  pulverem  et  sanguinem  ad  sua  regna  mirabiliter  revocavit  :  Sed  me 

non 


for  an  abatement  of  the  contribution  charged  upon 
the  co.  Galway,  in  regard  of  Eer-Connaught,  a 
great  part  of  the  said  co.  lies  excluded  from  pro- 
tection  That  the  inhabitants  within  the  said  pre- 
cinct be  abated  soe  much  as  cannot  be  made  and 
raysed,  by  planting  the  inhabitants  removed  from 
Eer-Connaught  in  protected  places."  On  4th  Xov. 
1653,  another  order  for  abatement  was  made: 
"  As  the  territory  of  Ere-Connaught,  and  other 
places  within  the  said  precinct,  are  wasted  and  ex- 
cluded from  protection,  that  of  the  £3200  monthly 
assessment  charged,  £600  monthly  for  3  months 
from  1st  Nov.  be  respited." — Orig.  Council  Book, 
Dub.  Castle. 

h  Dissert.  Preface. 

*  At  this  time  Dublin  and  Galway  were  the  two 
principal  cities  of  Ireland.  Sir  Charles  Coote,  then 
President  of  Connaught,  and  one  of  the  most  leading 
characters  of  the  kingdom,  seeing  the  decline  of  the 
Parliamentary  power,  which  he  had  been  one  of  the 
foremost  to  uphold,  resolved  to  declare  for  the  resto- 
ration of  the  monarch,  and,  as  a  preliminary  step  for 
a  "  free"  Parliament,  which  meant  a  Parliament 
favourable  to  the  design.  To  ensure  the  success  of 
so  momentous  and  dangerous  a  movement,  he  saw 
the  necessity  of  seeming  Galway;  and  that  he 
achieved  in  the  following  singular  manner.  Early 
in  January,  1659,  Sir  Charles  being  in  that  town,  of 


winch  CoL  Thomas  Sadlier  was  then  governor, 
he  invited  the  latter  "  and  bis  officers  all  zealous 
for  the  Long  Parliament,  to  his  house  over  the 
water,  to  be  mem- ;  which  done,  he  pretended  a 
desire  to  drink  a  glass  of  wine  in  Galway  privately 
with  the  colonel:  so  they  two  s<:-cretly  took  a  boat 
with  each  a  servant,  and  being  on  the  other  side, 
Sir  Charles  said :  '  Colonel  Sadlier,  I  am  re- 
for  a  free  Parliament,  and  to  have  this  garrison; 
you  have  a  sword  about  you,  draw,  and  fig':, 
else  engage  your  honour  you  will  make  no  disturb- 
ance in  the  town  upon  our  admission,  and  my  decla- 
ration.' To  which  Sadlier,  surprised  and  troubled, 
answered,  he  would  acquiesce.  Upon  this  he  caused 
the  gate  to  be  opened,  and  Sir  Charles  having  de- 
clared himself,  the  soldiers  cried  out,  '  A  Coot ! 
a  Coot !  and  a  free  Parliament !'  "  Having  secured 
the  person  of  the  governor,  he  immediately  pro- 
ceeded to  Dublin,  and.  in  conjunction  with  Lord 
Broghill,  surprised  the  Castle  there ;  seized  the  Par- 
liamentary governors.  Waller,  Jones,  Thomlinson. 
and  Corbet,  whom  they  sent  prisoners  to  England. 
They  then  declared  for  a  full  and  free  Parliament, 
which  was  soon  after  followed  by  the  Restoration. 
For  the  particulars  of  the  foregoing  revolution  and 
narrative,  see  Cox's  History  of  Ireland,  vol.  ii. :  also 
Burton's  History.  4to.  London.  1690.  p.  50. 


427 

non  dignum  invenit,  cui  tugurii  mei  regnum  restituat.  Tibi  soli  peccavi,  Domiue ; 
Sit  nomen  Domini  benedictum  in  ffiternumV  In  another  place  he  says  :  "  I  live  a 
banished  man  within  the  bounds  of  my  native  soil ;  a  spectator  of  others  enriched  by 
my  birth-right;  an  object  of  condoling  to  my  relations  and  friends,  and  a  condoler  of 
their  miseries1."  And  in  these,  or  similar  unavailing  complaints, — at  times  elated  by 
hope,  but  more  frequently  sunk  in  despondency, — he  seems  to  have  passed  the  remain- 
der of  his  life. 

Towards  the  close  of  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  a  Commission  was  held  in  Dublin, 
to  hear  and  determine  the  claims  of  "transplanted  persons  in  Connaught  and  Clare." 
Here  our  author  exhibited  his  claim,  grounded  on  the  adjudication  of  the  Parlia- 
mentary Commissioners  before  alluded  to ;  and  he  was  accordingly  decreed  entitled  to 
a  small  portion  of  his  inheritance,  viz.,  the  lands  of  Legvineagh,  Kaylagh,  and  Sersey, 
situate  in  the  barony  of  Moycullen,  containing  about  500  acres™,  not  one  acre  out  of 
every  fifty  of  the  ancient  territory  of  Gnobeg.  At  this  time  he  resided  at  Parke, 
part  of  the  lands  so  adjudicated,  which  lay  along  the  sea-coast,  about  seven  miles 
west  of  Galway.  There  he  wrote  his  Ogygia  and  other  works",  but  his  circum- 
stances were  no  way  benefited  by  the  above  decree.  This  arose  from  the  debts  which 
he  had  been  previously  obliged  to  contract,  and  the  impoverished  state  of  the  district. 
His  privations,  therefore,  continued  through  life  ;  and  of  their  extent  some  idea  may 
be  formed  from  a  letter  of  his  contemporary,  Edward  Lhuyd,  which  has  lately  come 
to  light.  That  learned  man  having  travelled  through  Ireland,  to  collect  materials 
for  his  great  work,  the  Archceologia  Britannica,  among  those  whom  he  specially  visited 
for  information  was  our  author ;  and  in  the  letter  alluded  to,  which  was  written 
about  A.  D.  1702,  he  mentions  some  book  communicated  with  a  letter  "to  old 
O'Flaherty,  who,  unless  it  comes  frank,  will,  I  fear,  be  scarce  able  to  pay  postage0 !" 

It 

k  Ogyg.  180.  "The  Lord  hath  wonderfully  recall-  see  ante,  p.  252,  and  page  421,  note  s. 
ed  the  royal  heir  to  his  kingdom,  with  the  applause  °  See  Thorpe's  Catalogue  of  the  Southwell  MSS., 
of  all  good  men,  and  without  dust  and  blood ;  but  p.  287,  referred  to  ante,  p.  424.  In  a  subsequent  let- 
he  hath  not  found  me  worthy  to  be  restored  to  ter,  "  relative  to  a  very  rare  plant  found  in  the  Isle 
the  kingdom  of  my  cottage.  Against  thee  alone,  of  Aran,"  Lhuyd  states,  that  our  author's  residence 
0  Lord,  I  have  sinned ;  May  the  name  of  the  Lord  was  "  just  opposite  to  the  island." — Id.  Its  remains 
be  blessed  for  ever."  are  still  shewn,  about  twenty  perches  to  the  north  of 

1  Ogyg.  Vind.  p.  153.  the  road,  midway  between  Forbagh  and  Spiddle. 

m  His  certificate,  dated  11th  April,  1G77,  is  in-  The  house  is  about  sixty  feet  in  length,  with  one 

rolled  in  the  office  of  the  Remembrancer  of  the  Ex-  little  chamber  off  it  to  the  west.     Immediately  to 

chequer,  Dublin.  the  south  of  the  house  is  a  low  rock,  covered  with  a 

n  He  generally  dated,  "  Ex  Armorica  Galvias."  green  mossy  sward,  commanding  an  extensive  view 

This  shore  is  still  called  coip   paipje,  for  which  of  the  sea,  the  three  islands  of  Aran,  and  a  consider- 

3  I  2 


428 


It  may  here  be  observed,  that  the  destitution  thus  described  was  not  confined  to  our 
author  alone  ;  it  was  largely  shared  by  the  Irish  gentry  in  general  at  the  time''.  In 
a  few  years  after  this,  Thomas  Molyneux,  describing  a  journey  winch  he  made  to 
Connaught,  thus  writes  of  our  author  :  "Wednesday,  21st  [April,  1709],  I  went  to 
vizit  old  Flaherty,  who  lives  very  old,  in  a  miserable  condition  at  Park, 
3  hours  west  of  Gallway,  in  H'ar  or  West  Connaught.  I  expected  to  have  seen  here 
some  old  Irish  manuscripts,  but  his  ill-fortune  has  stripp'd  him  of  these  as  well  as 
his  other  goods,  so  that  he  has  nothing  now  left  but  some  few  pieces  of  his  own 
writing,  and  a  few  old  rammish  [romish?]  books  of  history,  printed1/'  At  the  time 
of  this  melancholy  recital  our  author  was  beyond  the  age  of  eighty.  He  survived 
about  eight  years,  and  died  at  Parker,  leaving  an  only  son  named  Michael'. 

On 


able  extent  of  the  northern  coast  of  Clare.  On  this 
rock  our  author  is  said  to  have  spent  much  of  his 
time  in  viewing  the  sublimity  of  the  prospect. 

p  See  the  same  Catalogue,  p.  94,  for  the  descrip- 
tion of  the  Irish  by  Sir  Richard  Cox,  and  quoted 
herein,  ante,  p.  13,  note  d.  Thorpe's  Cat.  p.  236, 
also  notices  a  MS.  pamphlet,  entitled  "  The  Groans 
of  Ireland,"  written  about  1694,  in  which  the  "  beg- 
gary of  the  Irish"  in  France  is  described  as  "  hor- 
rific ;"  and  a  passage  is  given  which  sustains  the 
statement. 

1  See  another  extract  from  this  "  Journey,"  ante, 
p.  57,  note  P,  The  entire  is  now  being  published  by 
that  learned  and  accomplished  member  of  the  Irish 
Archaeological  Society,  Dr.  Aquilla  Smith,  in  the 
Miscellany  of  the  Society,  A.  D.  1846.  Among  the 
"  few  pieces  of  his  own  writing"  mentioned  by  Mo- 
lyneux, was  probably  our  author's  "  Animadver- 
sions on  the  Subjection  of  the  Bishops  of  Ireland  to 
the  Archbishops  of  Canterbury."  This  tract  ap- 
pears dated  a  few  days  after  the  traveller's  visit,  and 
is  now  first  printed  in  this  Appendix. 

r  According  to  tradition,  he  was  interred  within 
his  house  at  Parke,  by  order  of  his  son,  which  was 
done  under  the  strange  idea  of  keeping  possession  of 
the  estate.  This  is  probably  true,  for  the  same  tra- 
dition relates  that  his  son  was  a  fool. 

s  The  books  of  the  Heralds'  Office.  Dublin,  state 
that  Roderic  O'Flaherty,  author  of  the  Ogygia,  was 


married,  in  A.  D.  1652,  to  a  daughter 
Morougb  na  doe  (Gen.  Table,  II.  No.  39).  That  he 
had  four  sisters,  two  only  of  whom  were  married, 
viz.  Jane  or  Bridget,  to  Oliver  O'Hara.  Esq.  of 
Sligo,  and  Mary,  to  Cormac  O'Hara,  of  the  same. 
The   Litter    had   thrc  ;!eber.    and 

Michael,   a  Dominican  friar ;   and  four  daughters, 
1.  Eliz.,  wife  of  Henry  Pluii!  Dunshagb- 

lin.    County  Meath  :    2.   Catherine,   wife,    t-- 
Captain  Thomas  Maguire,  secondly,  of  Lieutenant 
Thomas  Dowling;  3.  Christian,  wife  "f  Mac  Jonyn 
(Jennings),  County  M  .rtha.  second  wife 

of  Captain  Robert  Dowlin_'.  father  "f  Thomas  afore- 
said, and  of  Rev.  Joseph,  suprrior  of  the  Teresian 
Carmelites  in  Ireland.  The  following  probably  al- 
ludes to  Roger,  the  first  son  of  Cormac  :  ' '  Captain 
Patrick  O'Hara,  son  of  Roderick,  or  Roger  O'Hara 
(captain  in  the  service  of  King  Philip  the  Fifth, 
slain  A°.  1702,  in  the  battle  near  the  ri 
in  Italy),  and  of  Bridget  Burke,  daughter  1  'f  Charles 
Burke  Fitz-Rickard  Fitz -David,  of  thehouso  of  The- 
obald Burke,  created  by  King  Philip  the  Third,  of 
Spain.  Marquis  of  May...  All  his  predecessors  were 
Catholicks  since  the  conversion  of  Ireland  to  Chris- 
tianity, and  he  descended  of  the  best  of  the  family 
of  O'Hara :  a  family  lineally  descended  from  Olill 
Olum,  A.  D.  137.  Kinj  of  Munster  (de  quo  Ogygia. 
p.  147.  and  p.  826),  whose  third  son.  Kien  (p. ;: .  ■ 
was  father  of  Thady  (p.  331).  whose  son.  Cormac 


429 

On  15th  Feb.  A.  D.  171 7,  "Michael  Flaherty  of  Parke,  gent."  exhibited  a  plaint 
in  the  Chancery  of  Ireland,  that  "  Roger  Flaherty  late  of  Parke,  Esq.,  whose  son  and 
heir  the  said  Michael  is,  depending  on  Richard  Martin,  Esq.c,  who  was  his  close 
neighbour  and  neere  relation,  and  who  had  been  concerned  for  the  said  Roger  in  the 
court  of  Claimes  in  1677,  and  knew  him  to  be  a  quiet  and  easy  man,  no  ways  conver- 
sant with  law  affairs,  having  during  his  life  addicted  himself  to  other  studies  of 
histories  and  antiquities  of  this  kingdome  :  that  it  was  agreed  between  them  that  the 
said  Roger  (who  was  not  within  the  Articles  of  Limerick  or  Galway,  and  was  there- 
fore apprehensive  that  he  would  forfeit  his  estate),  should  perfect  an  antedated  con- 
veyance of  his  lands  to  the  said  Richard  (who  was  within  Articles),  which  conveyance 
was  dated  3rd  Oct.  1691 ;  and  afterwards  they  had  further  deeds  in  1703,  which  were 
antedated  to  Nov.  1 69 1 :  that  at  length  Richard  Martin,  pretending  those  convey- 
ances were  made  for  full  and  valuable  consideration,  retained  the  possession  of  the 
lands,  which  he  settled  on  the  marriage  of  his  son,  Anthony,"  but  which  the  said 
Michael  prayed  to  be  restored  to  him.  The  suit  thus  commenced  lasted  several  years, 
and  ended  in  the  overthrow  of  Martin.  Pending  the  proceedings,  Michael  O'Flaherty 
married  Annable  Martin,  who  was  "  a  neere  relation"  both  of  himself  and  his  oppo- 
nent, and  widow  of  Edmond  Fitzpatrick,  Esq.,  of  Aran11.     He,  soon  after,  assigned  the 

estate 


Galeng  (p.  332),  was  father  of  Laius  (p.  334),  of 
whose  son  Fidcuir,  O'Hara  and  O'Gara  sprang 
(p.  334).  Ogygia  is  to  be  had  in  sheets,  within 
Temple-bar,  as  you  goe  from  the  strand,  London." 
— Extract  from  a  book  marked  "  O'Gorman  MSS." 
p.  344,  preserved  in  the  library  of  the  Royal  Irish 
Academy. 

'  For  whom  vide  ante,  p.  418.  We  have  seen 
that  this  individual  obtained  several  grants  under 
the  Act  of  Settlement,  of  the  confiscated  lands  of  the 
O'Flaherties,  in  Iar-Connaught;  all  which  he  pru- 
dently, as  will  appear  in  the  sequel,  had  confirmed 
by  William  III.  The  scrambling  of  court  favou- 
rites, discoverers,  adventurers,  soldiers,  and  others, 
for  confiscated  lands  in  Ireland,  during  the  sixteenth 
and  seventeenth  centuries,  is  well  known.  The  hurry 
with  -which  the  patent  grants  of  those  lands  were 
generally  prepared,  occasioned  unavoidable  mistakes. 
These,  with  the  numerous  clauses,  savings,  and  re- 
versions which  the  grants  contained,  gave  rise  to 
serious  apprehensions  as  to  the  validity  of  the  titles 


derived  under  them.  Many  persons  even  dreaded  a 
revival  of  those  inquiries  into  defective  titles,  which 
led  to  such  evil  consequences  in  the  times  of  James 
and  Charles  I.  That  those  apprehensions  were  not 
wholly  groundless,  appears  from  some  proceedings 
recently  taken.  Within  the  last  twenty  years  the 
Commissioners  of  Woods  and  Forests  instituted  a 
searching  inquiry  into  the  patent  titles  of  Ireland, 
particularly  for  reversions  in  the  Crown,  and  lands 
for  which  no  grants  could  be  produced.  On  this 
inquiry  the  Editor's  aid  was  solicited  to  direct  re- 
searches, with  offers  of  ample  remuneration,  which 
he  declined.  The  investigation,  however,  proceeded, 
and  caused  no  small  degree  of  uneasiness  among 
landed  proprietors.  Considerable  sums  were  ex- 
acted from  many,  who  were  obliged  to  compound  for 
their  estates,  and  tracts  of  land  were  taken  possession 
of  for  the  Crown.  At  length,  owing  to  accidental 
causes,  the  proceeding  was  discontinued,  and,  it  is 
to  be  hoped,  will  never  be  revived. 

u  In  the  early  part  of  the  last  century  the  family  of 


43° 

estate  to  his  step-son,   Rickard  Fitzpatrick,  Esq.  {Deed  registered  ist  Feb.  1736),  by 
whose  descendants,  or  their  devisees,  it  is  possessed  to  this  day. 

Here  the  Editor  thinks  it  time  to  close  this  lengthened  narrative  ;  and  the  only 
apology  he  can  offer  for  the  minute,  perhaps  trifling,  details  into  which  he  has  been 
insensibly  led,  is  the  character  of  the  learned  individual  to  whom  they  relate.  On 
his  account  alone,  it  is  probable  that  some  of  the  incidents  related  may  yet  attract 
notice  in  the  literary  history  of  Ireland ;  which,  though  hitherto  sadly  neglected,  will 
always  prove  the  true  source  of  permanent  glory  for  the  country. 

I. 


"  Fitzpatrick,  of  Aran,"  was  one  of  the  most  opulent 
families  of  this  part  of  Ireland;  but  the  name  is  now 
extinct,  or  sunk  in  poverty.  It  may,  however,  be 
curious  to  trace  it  a  little,  in  consequence  of  its  hav- 
ing been,  with  some  probability,  supposed  to  be  a 
branch  of  the  ancientand  noble  stock  of  Upper  Ossory. 
It  appears,  ante,  p.  409,  note  k,  that  in  A.  D.  1C-12. 
Richard  Fitzpatrick  was  seneschal  of  Ibrickan,  in 
the  County  of  Clare,  and  receiver  there  for  the  Earl 
of  Thomond;  also,  that  Teige(Thady)  Fitz-Patrick 
resided  there  at  the  time.  Ibrickan  lies  next  to 
Aran,  In  A.  D.  1G86,  John  Fitzpatrick,  gent.,  re- 
sided at  Loughmore,  for  which  see  ante,  p.  86,  note  f, 
in  the  south  island.  His  son  Richard,  in  the  same 
year,  married  Joan  French,  of  Spiddle,  for  which 
place  see  ante,  p.  61,  note  x.  Richard  died  A.  D. 
1701,  leaving  four  sons,  Scander,  Denis,  Peter, 
Patrick.  John,  the  father,  died  A.  D.  1709,  at  the 
house  of  his  son-in-law,  George  Morris,  in  the  west 
suburbs  of  Galway  (where  Martin  Morris,  Esq.. 
present  high  sheriff,  and  great-great-grandson  of 
that  George,  now  resides),  leaving  chattels  to  the 
amount  of  £6000,and  £1500  in  silver  and  gold,  which 
he  kept  in  a  cellar  of  his  in  that  town.  John  had  a 
second  son,  Edmond,  who  married  Amiable  Martin, 
of  Dangan,  and  died  about  A.  D.  1 7 1 7,  leaving  a  son, 
Rickard.      Annable    his    relict  intermarried  with 


Michael  O'Flaherty,  the  son  of  our  auth' : 
before  related,  p.  429.  Rickard  represented  Gal- 
way in  the  Irish  Parliament  for  several  years,  and 
died  A  D.  1761,  without  issue.  Edmond  Fitzpatrick, 
his  nephew,  sheriff  of  Galway,  AD.  1769  and  1797, 
left  an  only  son,  James,  who  died  without  issue. 
Whether  any  of  the  name  now  exist  the  Editor  has 
not  ascertained. 

In  the  reign  of  Charles  II.,  Sir  Stephen  Fox 
granted  leases  of  the  islands  of  Aran  to  John  and 
Richard  Fitzpatrick.  at  £500  per  annum ;  and  after- 
wards made  them  abatements  in  the  rent,  for  losses 
sustained  on  account  of  the  frequent  landing  of  the 
enemy's  privateers  on  those  islands,  and  committing 
depredations  there.  In  AD.  1713.  Sir  Stephen,  in 
consideration  of  £8200,  conveyed  the  islands  to 
Patrick  French  of  Monivea  and  Edmund  Fitzpa- 
trick, of  Aran,  one  moiety  to  the  former,  and  the 
other  to  the  latter,  their  heirs  and  assigns,  for  ever. 
Patrick  French  was  trustee  for  Simon  Digbr.  Lord 
Bishop  of  Elphin,  whose  moiety  was  granted,  by 
lease  for  ever,  to  Edmond  Fitzpatrick.  at  £280  per 
annum.  On  loth  February.  1744,  Rickard  Fitz- 
patrick, in  consideration  of  £2050,  released  his  moi- 
ety of  the  three  islands  to  Robert  French,  in  trust 
for  Robert  Digby  of  Landenstown,  bis  heirs  and 
assigns,  for  ever. — Deeds  Registered. 


K 
£ 


IV 


^ 


N. 


4 


431 


"  Observations  on  Dr.  Borlaces  Reduction  of  Ireland,  by  Roderic   0' Flaherty.     [From 
the  Author's  autograph,  in  the  possession  of  the  Right  Honorable  the  Earl  of 
Leitrimx]. 
"  Mr.  Downing, 

"  The  ensuing  observations  on  Dr.  Borlace's  Reduction  of  Ireland  you  desired  from 
me,  I  had  by  me  this  long  time,  but  had  no  convenience  to  transmitt  it  till  now,  assur- 
ing that  if  I  could  serve  you  better  my  endevours  would  not  be  wanting  for  you.     I  am, 

"  Yr  faithfull  servant, 
"Galway,  17,  Ja:  168^.  "R.  O'FLAHERTYy. 

"  The  Reduction  of  Ireland,  etc. 

"  The  title  improper,  where  is  onely  a  catalogue  of  the  chiefe  Governours  of 
Ireland. 

"In  the  preface  to  the  Reader,  140,000  soules  in  a  few  vjeekes  dislodged  by  the 
authority  of  Sr  Jo :  Temple's  Irish  rebellion,  is  by  many  thousands  further  from  truth, 
than  the  relation  of  1 7  persons  onely  massacred,  as  appears  by  the  streight  enquiryes 
made-  in  Cromwell's  time  ;  and  yet  but  few  of  those  many  thousands  could  be 
found  to  have  beene  really  murthered.  For  there  were  not  soe  many  thousands  of 
protestants  living  then  in  all  Ireland,  much  less  in  Ulster,  where  most  of  those  mur- 
thers  were  said  to  have  been  committed.     Wherefore  the  Black  booke  in  Athlone, 

upon 


x  A  copy  of  these  Observations  is  preserved  in  the 
MS.  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  I.  1,  3,  No. 
32.  Borlase's  "  Reduction"  was  published  in  Lon- 
don, 1675,  8vo.  See  Harris's  Ware,  ii.  351,  for 
Borlase  ;  and  Dr.  Nalson's  severe  remarks  on  him  ; 
wherein  he  is  charged  with  plagiarism,  "  that  may 
well  render  him  suspected  not  to  be  overstocked  with 
Honesty  and  Justice."  The  following  is  extracted 
from  the  Depositions  A.  D.  1641,  in  Trinity  College, 
Dublin,  before  referred  to : 

"  Francis  Haselope,  late  of  Ballyharaghane,  in 
the  parish  of  Disert,  barony  of  Inchiquine,  gent., 
saith,  that  about  29  Dec.  last,  he  being  in  company 
at  Ballyheraghane,  with  one  Connor  O'Hogan,  fryer 
of  the  Convent  of  Agheise(l)  and  John  O'Hogan  his 
brother,  demanded  of  them  the  reason  of  this  sud- 
daine  rising  againste  the  English,  and  the  forcible 


takeinge  away  of  their  goode;  who,  severally  of 
them,  answered,  that  it  was  the  King's  fault  in  set- 
ting such  meane  and  base  governors  to  rule  over 
them,  then  and  there  nominating  Sir  William  [Sir 
William  interlined']  Parsons,  now  one  of  his  Majes- 
jesties  Lords  Justices  of  the  Kingdom,  and  Sir 
Richard  [Sir  Richard  interlined]  the  Lo.  Chancel- 
lor, to  be  men  of  base  degree,  and  such  as  hereto- 
fore they  would  have  to  solicitt  their  cause  from 
Cort  to  Cort,  during  the  whole  Tearme,  for  five  shil- 
lings a  peece ;  and  that  Burlace  ye  other  Lord  [Lord 
interlined]  Justice,  quoth  the  fryer,  and  the  said  John 
averring  the  same,  was  but  a  base  pynnmaker,  or  a 
header  of  pynnes;  all  which  words  were  spoken  in 
most  bitter  and  invective  maimer." — Jurat.  9  June, 
1642. 

1  See  Facsimile  at  the  beginning  of  this  volume. 


43  2 

upon  which  Sr  Jo.  Temple's  Rebellion  was  grounded,  was  so  falsified  in  most  particu- 
lars thereof,  as  well  by  the  witnesses,  who  were  said  to  have  thereunto  deposed,  as  also 
by  some  of  the  persons  then  living,  who  in  that  booke  were  sworn  to  have  been  mur- 
thered,  that  it  was  for  shame  set  by,  as  no  evidence.  It  is  also  avowed  the  first  m 
cres  were  committed  on  the  Irish ;  and  the  several  murthers  in  cold  bloud  committed  on 
them  did  20  times  exceed  what  they  acted.  Besides  the  Irish  nation  in  generall  were  soe 
much  unconcerned  in  those  murthers,  that  at  their  humble  proposalls  all  murthers 
were  excepted  out  of  the  Articles  of  Peace,  A°  1648;  and  since  his  Ma';'"'  Restauration, 
it  was  their  request  by  their  Agents,  to  except  all  murthers  on  both  sids  out  of  the 
Act  of  Indemnity. 

"  In  the  Introduction.  The  darke  side  of  the  cloud  was  still  towards  the  author,  as 
to  the  originall  of  the  Irish  and  their  chronicles,  of  which  he  could  not  participate, 
but  what  seemed  fabulous  and  vaine.  There  is  a  more  exact  account  of  the  chiefe 
Governours  of  Ireland  for  above  2000  [years]  before,  then  that  of  the  authors  for 
this  last  500  yeares.  The  first  invasion  of  the  Scots  (not  Goths)  a  thousand  yeares 
before  Christ,  a  Scythian  nation  out  of  Spaine,  is  more  certaincly  knowen.  then  that 
of  the  English  into  England  400  years  after  Christ,  of  which  time  are  severall  dif- 
ferent opinions,  as  also  there  is  of  K.  Lucius  his  Christianity,  whereunto  20  different 
yeares  are  assigned,  whereas  the  time  of  the  Gospell's  preachu  -  by  the  arrivall 

of  S.  Patrick,  is  without  controversy,  that  of  Grace  432.  This  1  -  . .  as  to  theexact- 
nesse  of  time  in  answer  to  his  taunting  our  chronicles.    As  for  his  viruL  -ions 

of  a  nation  meerely  Pyrales,  Barbarous  and  inhuman,  with  much  more  of  the  like 
through  all  his  booke,  I  passe  it  by  for  a  hereditary  malice.  Some  body  perhaps  will 
hit  him  with  it  after   his  and  my  death. 

"  The  title  of  our  Sovereigne  Lord  King  Charles  the  2''  to  the  Kingdome  of  Ire 
land,  as  well  as  to  the  rest  of  his  Kingdomes  and  dominions,  we  with  all  respect,  duty,  and 
allegiance,  acknowledge  unquestionable,  but  for  that  of  the  first  Invadours  in  favour 
of  an  Adulterer,  the  bulls  of  Adrian  and  Alexander  popes,  and  the  synod  at  Cr. 
as  also  a  nation  meerely  pyrats,  barbarous,  and  inhuman,  I  refer  such  as  desire  sa: 
tion  to  Gratianus  Lucius  his  Cambrensis  Eversus,  against  Giraldus  Cambrensis,  capp. 
21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  26.  Mahony  was  no  Jesuite,  whose  booke  was  deservedly  condemned 
to  fire,  by  order  of  the  nationall  assembly  of  the  Irish  Catholicks  at  Kilkenny.  Of 
which  booke  and  its  author  some  poet  then  gave  this  censure : 

'  Dignus  luce  liber,  modo  flaimnis  luceat  astus, 

Et  scriptor  libra  sit  comes  ipse  suo 
Seditionis  erat  nam  fax  authorque  liberque. 
Anibo  perire  pari  sic  meruere  rogo.' 

It 


433 

It  is  a  strange  paradox  that  such  as  in  this,  and  all  other  their  actions,  continually 
professed  their  due  allegiance  to  his  Majesty  (which  the  author,  p.  276,  interprets 
verbally),  should  be  the  onely  rebells,  and  not  those  who  openly  professed  by  word  and 
deed  to  deface  all  markes  of  sovereignty,  and  pluck  up  by  the  root  Monarchy. 

"A0  1 171,  the  3d  yeare  after  the  English  invasion,  and  the  17  of  K.  Henry  2.  (he 
landed  in  Ireland  17  October,  vid.  War.  de  Antiq.  Hib.  cap.  22,  p.  112,  c.  24,  p.  149), 
and  notA°  1172,  as  others  mistake,  for  S.  Thomas  of  Canterbury  suffered  29  Dec, 
being  Tuesday,  as  Baker  and  Spondanus  noted  A0  11 70,  and  Christmasse  after  King 
Henry  kept  at  Dublin.     Soe  far  I  observe  on  the  Introduction. 

"Pag.  1,1171,  not  1 172,  ut  supra;  for  25  Oct.  1171  endedthe  17  th  yeare  of  King  Henry  2. 

Pag.  2,    1177,  Earle  Strongbow  dyed. 

P.      6,   1 1 86,  Hugh  Lacy  murthered. 

P.    20,  Richard  de  Burgo,  brother's  son  to  Hubert  Earle  of  Kent. 

P.    37,  Richard  de  Burgo,   Earle  of  Ulster  and  Lord  of  Connaght,  was  son  of  Earle 

Walter,  and  grandchild  of  the  above  Richard,  Hubert  Earle  of  Kent's  nephew ; 

and  Edmond  de  Burgo  2d  son  of  Richard  Earle  of  Ulster,  was  progenitoure  of  Castle- 

conell  and  Brettas  barons. 
Idm.  John,  first  baron  of  Leitrim,  was  son   of  Rickard  Saxanagh,   Earle  of  Clann- 

rickard.     His  son  Raymund  last  baron  of  Letrim. 
Idm.  William   Burk  custos  Hib.  was   brother's  son  to  Walter  Earle  of  Ulster,  and 

Cousin-german  to  Earle  Richard ;  of  which  William  descended  Mayo  Bourks. 
P.    40,    1318,  14  of  October  was  Dundalk  battle. 
P.    44,  A°  1 1 62,  Claona  (not  Cleonard  Synod). 
P.    45,  Jo.   Birmingham    Earle  of  Louth,   younger    brother  to  Richard,   baron  of 

Athenry,  murthered,  not  by  Macgoghegan,  but  by  his  owne  English,  as  you  may 

read  in  Camden's  Irish  Annales. 
P.    48,  Sr  William  Morris.    Ufford's  death,  April  the  10th  ut  p.  49. 
P.    55,  Lional,  Duke  of  Clarence  dyed  at  Albe  in  Piemont. 
P.    63,  Roger,  Earle  of  March,  declared  heire  to  the  crowne  by  K.  Richard  2.  in  right 

of  his  mother,   Philip,  daughter  of  Lionell  Duke  of  Clarence,  was  slaine,   not  by 

O'Brien,    but  by  O'Birn   of  Wicklow  county.       His    mother,    Philip's    mother, 

was  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  William  Earle  of  Ulster,  son  of  the  Lord  John,   son  of 

Richard  Earle  of  Ulster,  de  quo  supra. 
P.  73,  Prior  of  Kilmainam,  not  Earle. 
P.    75,    142^,  4  Ja.  Bishop  of  Meath  dyed. 

P.    96,   1513,  Kildare  dying  could  not  keepe  Parliament,  70  Hen.  8,  A°  151 5. 
P.    98,   1516,  13  Jun.  after  25  Febr.  70  Hen.  8,  ijjf. 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.   1 5.  3   K  P.  98 


434 

P.  98,  15 19,  Sr  Maurice  (whose  father  Thomas,  brother  to  Gerald,  Earle  of  Kildare, 
A°  15 1 3  deceased,  was  slaine  in  Stockfield,  A°  1487)  L.  Justice  was  Blaine  A  1520. 
by  O'Morra. 

P.    100,  Pierce  Butler,  sooner  Earle  of  Ossory,  then  Earle  of  Orinond. 

P.    102,   1528.     Nugent  taken  by  O'Conor. 

P.    104,    1231.  i°  Ja.  Leonard  Lord  Grey,  Lord  Deputy. 

P.    105,   153A.  Febr.  3  Uncles  hanged  at  Tiburn. 

P.    126,  Connaght  reduced  to  countyes  by  Perrot,  A".  1585. 

P.    127,   156a.  17  Ja.  the  Parliament,  1 1°  Elizab.  which  should  be  p.  130.  A    [568. 

P.    131,  Dublin  castle  built  by  Henry  Loundres,  Archbishop  of  Dublin,  A"  121 3. 

P.    I96,i6|f,  ut  pag.  195. 

"  When  you  send  this  away  I  desire  you  send  a  copy  thereof,  and  not  this  that  I 
write,   as  also  that  you  cut  of  the  above  Letter  under  my  hand,   that  it  m;. 
appeare,  which  you  can  cut  of  without  prejudicing  the  rest.    Soe  commend;    j 
kindly  to  you,  I  conclude  y™  ut  supra." 

II. 
"  Letter  from  Roderic  CFlaherty  to  William  Molyneux,  December  15,  1696,  cm,? 

a  Confutation  of  the  Chinese   Chronology.      [From  the  MS.    Library,  Trin 

Dublin,  I.  4.  17.] 
"Honed  SK, 

"  I  lately  lighted  on  a  letter  of  yours.     I  guesse  it  is  the  first  that  ever  I 
from  you,  of  the  5th  of  May,  83,  wherein  you  most  friendly  put  me  in  mind  before 
you  saw  any  of  my  writtings,  of  the  objections  raised  by  many  against  the  credibility 
of  our  Irish  antiquities,  which  your  freedom  was  then  most  kindly  and   gratefully 
accepted,  as  the  like  will  alwayes  be  upon  all  occasions,  for  my  natural  inclination  is. 
as  one  said:  cupio  doceri;  dedoceri  non  erubesco.     As  to  those  scruples  I  think  I  have 
then  fully  satisfyed  you,  onely  one  point,  that  I  conceived  I  needed  not  then  exaniin, 
untill  upon  examining  my  Lord  Bishop  of  Worcester's  Origities  Brif,  I  found  the 
same  passage  objected  in  print,  som  2  years  after  your  letter's    date,  where;: 
have  thus:  'It  is  the  chicle  thing,  and  indeed  the  onely  thing,  that  gives  credibility 
to  the  very  ancient  history,  that  the  Chinois  pretend  to,  that  they  can  give  a  nl 
account  of  the  way  and  method  they  used  for  the  account  ot'  their  time,  and  that  they 
are  not  out  in  it,  but  make  it  their  chief  buisiness  in  all  their  chronicl.  s,  first  I    settle 
and  establish  that;  as  maybe  seen  in  Martinus  a  Martiniis.  and  other  authc : 
which  purpose  I  feare  there  is  requisit  much  more  learning  than  any  man  will  sa 
Irish  were  masters  of  before  their  Christianitv.  if  ever  after." 

"Having,  I  say,  accidentally  of  late  hit  on  this  passage  in  your  letter,  I  the 


435 

it  would  not  be  ungratefull  to  you,  what  I  writ  thereof  in  relation  to  the  Bishop,  as 
followeth : 

"  Dr.  Stillingfleet  makes  it  a  matter  of  hyperbolical  nourish,  as  a  pretence  to  very 
great  antiquity,  that  a  late  Irish  writter  (P.  W.  \_Peter  Walsh"]  in  his  Preface  to 
the  Prospect  of  Ireland),  should  compare  the  antiquities  of  Ireland  with  those  of  the 
Chineses  for  exactness  of  Chronology.  Indeed  whatever  the  opinion  of  a  privat 
writter  might  be  in  such  a  case,  is  not  of  that  moment  as  to  extenuat  the  credit  of  our 
Antiquaries,  who  never  knew  what  the  Chineses  were  in  the  furthest  part  of  the 
world  from  the  climat.  But  since  the  learned  Doctor  so  highly  magnifyes  the  accuracy 
of  the  Chinesian  calculation  of  time  beyond  the  Irish,  I  hold  it  not  impertinent  to 
examin  it. 

"  And  first  of  all,  I  find  himself  acknowledge  a  different  account  of  the  two  best 
witnesses  he  produces  to  that  purpose,  vz.  John  Gonsales  Mendoza  and  Martinius ;  as 
appeares,  he  sayes  (p.  xxxii.  of  his  Preface),  by  comparing  Gonsales  Mendoza  and  Mar- 
tinius together,  which  shewes  their  computation  of  time  is  not  so  plausible  as  the  Doc- 
tor would  have  us  believe.  I  adde  another  different  witness,  M.  Paulus  Venetus,  300 
years  precedent  to  Mendoza. 

"  The  account  that  Mendoza,  for  certain  years  resident  in  China,  gathers  out  of 
their  own  calculation  and  succession  of  kings,  justly  computed,  extends  itself 
624  years  beyond  the  graft  ffloud.     Ffor  from  their  first  king  Vitey,  he     1 847 
finds   2357  years  to  the  end  of  the   117th  king  of  his  posterity,  by  name     0093 
Tzintzon;  from  Tzintzon,   1847  years  during  the  reign  of  142  kings,  and     °2°° 
40  years  interreign  to  the  end  of  Tepy,  conquered  by  Vzou,  the  Tartarian 

emperour:  from  Vzou  93  years  of  his  and  his  8  successours  reigns,   till     

Hombu,  of  the  ancient  race  of  China  kings,  recovered  the  kingdom  from  the 

Tartars ;  ffrom  which  time  himself  and  1 1  more  of  his  posterity  reigned  for     0293 

200  years  to  the  year  of  Christ  1580,  wherein  Boneg  the  last  of  'em  reigned. 

At  which  time  Mendoza  was  writing,  being  the  year  of  the  Julian  period     1796 

6293,  out  °f  which  the  4  periods  of  this  computation,  amounting  to  4497       624 

years  substracted,  there  remaines  1796,  the  year  of  the  Julian  Period  wherein 

Vitey  is  said  to  have  begun  his  reign:  624  added  thereunto  makes  2420,  the 

year  of  the  Julian  period,  in  the  latter  end  whereof  the  gratt  ffloud  begun, 

by  Scaliger's  account,  2293  years  before  the  first  year  of  our  Christian  com-     0624 

putation.  So  624  years  from  the  beginning  of  Vitey  to  the  ffloud:  2293  years     2293 

from  thence  to  Christ;  and  1580 years  of  Christ  added  together,  make  up  the 

same  sum  of  4497.    But  this  is  a  manifest  absurdity  to  us,  that  are  enlight-     4497 

ened  by  the  rayes  of  divine  faith,  and  instructed  by  sacred  text,  whereof  the     

Chineses  were  ignorant ;  ffor  there  must  be  time  allowed  for  the  propagation  of  man- 

3  K  2  kind 


43  6 

kind  from  the  breed  of  3   couples  after  the  floud:  another  allowance  of  time  to  the 
Babylonian  confusion,   and   dispersion  of  nations:  and  another  to  th  Went 

of  several  kingdoms;  among  which  it  is  known  that  China  was  not  the  first  monarchy 
in  the  world.  Neither  is  this  absurdity  excusable  by  a  pretence,  that  even  the  C&inem 
had  a  dark  and  fabulous  time,  as  well  as  the  Greelces;  as  the  Doctor  would  have, 
p.  xxxii.  ffor  those  dark  and  fabulous  remote  antiquities  are  so  termed,  inasmuch  ls 
they  are  a  confused  intermixtur  of  poetical  fables  and  true  history,  and  without  any 
continued  series  and  connection,  remote  from  that  part  of  history  which  begins  with 
a  certainty  of  perpetuated  succession.  But  the  Chinesian  account  is  so  particular 
and  exact,  in  a  formal  series  of  time  not  interrupted,  and  succession  of  280  k 
their  first  Vitey  to  Boneg,  not  so  much  as  the  interreign  of  40  years  unobserved, 

that  there  is  nothing  of therein  wanting,  but  onely  that  incredible  spacious 

length  of  time,  reaching  not  onely  beyond  the  foundation  of  established  kingdom 
also  beyond  the  restauration  of  mankind.     Which  onely  point  argues  all  that  tradi- 
tion fabulous  and  vain:  and  leaves  it  uncertain  where  to  fix  the  beginning  of  their 
more  unquestionable  series  of  succession,  unless  we  fix  it  on  their  r.-tauration  after 
the  Tartarian  conquest  som  300  years  agoe:  by  reason  of  the  dissonancy  between  Men- 
doza  and  Paulus  Venetus,  about  the  verie  time  that  the  Tartars  reduced  them  under 
their  own  subjection ;  which  Mendoza  alleages  out  of  their  own  publick  records  ( 1 1 
onely  to  persons  of  great  reputation,  as  the  Doctor  tells  us,  p.  xxxiil),  to  haue  fallen 
out  in  the  year  of  our  Christian  account,  1287.     But  Paulus  Venetus,  an  . 
living  that  verie  time  in  the  Tartarian  emperour's  court,  ascertained  it  to  haue  been  in 
the  year  of  the  same  account  1268.     That  I  may  omitt  how  they  both  differ,  in  the 
names  of  the  then  conquering  Tartar,  and  oonquen  d  I 

"  It  remaines  now  that  we  enquire  into  the  Chinesses  tht  ir  w    /  ofpreter 
qui  ties  peculiar  to  themselves,  which  cannot  verie  well  (in  the  learned  D"  judicioi.- 
uion)  be  made  parallel  for  the  Scotish  or  Irish  Antiquities.     Which   last   are  the 
without  difference,  if  you  exempt  the  modern  Scotish  Romances.     I  have-  not  seen  the 
Information,  which  the  world  hath  since  (as  the  Dr  sayes)  in  greal  meat 
Martinius;  onely  what  I  gather  by  the  Dr*  legend;  and    that  is  no  les  absurd  and 
incredible  than  that  of  Mendoza's  4497  years,  ffor  Martinius,  his  r. 
of  the  remote  Antiquities  of  China,  may  well  be  termed  a  dark  and  fabulous  time,  as 
transcending  the  verie  first  ofspring  of  times:  and  his  account  of  the  Chineses.  their 
use  of  letters  after  their  remote  antiquities,   whereby  th,    ,  ,fi  their  king* 

was  delivered  down  to  them  with  great  fidelity,  must  haue  begun  in  a  time  before  tl 
of  speaking,      ffor  after  the  invention,  and  great  benefit  of  letters  with  them,  the  D' 
tells  us  of  their  great  accuracy  in  computing  time  bj   C; 
earely  given  to  the  finding  out  the  best  methods  for  ■■  ,.  and  ■  cycle 


437 

of  60  years,  2670  years  before  Christ"1  s  nativity.     That  was  verie  early  indeed,  2670 

before  the  sun  shined  on  their  faces  in  China,  ffor  our  most  exquisit  chro-  I05° 

nographers  of  Christendom  in  latter  ages,  unanimously  conclud  the  time  7717 

of  our  redemption  about  4000  years,  a  little  more  or  les,  from  the  creation :  4000 

but  the  2670  years  since  their  use  of  a  60  years'  cycle  till  Christ's  coming  

(besids  as  many  ages  before,   as  they  had  or  had  not  the  use  of  letters,  and       32° 
since  the  ffioud  to  their  first  becoming  a  nation  set  aside  without  reckning), 

and  1656  years  from  the  creation  to  the  ffioud,  added  together,  amount  to  4714 

326  years  aboue  4000.     Or  if  you  will  have  it  more  exactly  cast,  take  2670  2670 
out  of  47 1 4,  the  Julian  period  year  concurring  with  the  first  year  of  our 
common'  Christian  account,  the  remainder  2044  *s  *ne  year  of  the  Julian         Tg 

period  that  preceded  the  floud,  376  year  to  begin  with  the  Chinesian  60  

years  peculiar  cycle,  after  so  many  ages  of  their  remote  antiquities  without  2420 
the  use  of  letters,  and  after  the  invention  of  them  long  before  that  rare 

sexagint  cycle.      Thus  far  of  the  Chronological  exactness  of  the  Chineses ;  in  com- 
parison of  which  the  Dr  flouts  our  antiquities. 

"  This  I  write  to  you,  while  I  am  waiting  on  the  paper  to  discharge  the  task  in 

order  to  my  good  Lord  Bishop  of  Meath's  pleasure ;   having  writ  to  you  in  answer 

of  your  last  of  Dec.  the  Ist,  by  2  posts  since;  but  received  none  from  you  by  this 
day  post.     Thursday  next  I  expect  Mr.  Lewin's  answer. 

"  I  am,  Sir, 
"  Your  obliged  Servant, 

"  R.  O'Flaherty." 

"  To  William  Molyneux,  Esq.,  one  of  the  Masters  of 

his  Majesties  high  Court  of  Chancery,  Dublin." 

III. 

'■'■Animadversions  on  Dr.  Chamberlain's  Subjection  of  the  Bishops  of  Ireland  to  ike  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury*,  fyc.  [From  the  Author's  autograph,  in  the  possession  of  the 
Right  Honorable  the  Earl  of  Leitrim]. 

"  I  happ'ned  cursoriely  to  run  over  Dr  Chamberlain's  complete  work  of  Notitia 
Anglise  ;  a  rare  Epitome  of  singular  antient  and  modern  observations.  Where  I 
lighted  on  a  mistake  in  relation  to  the  old  Irish  Nation,  of  whom  but  few  of  late 
Writters  have  a  right  understanding,  since  the  publishing  of  Giraldus  Cambrensis 
A°  1602,  by  Mr.  Camden;  being  the  onely  Notitia  Hib*  they  follow,  tho  there  are 
several  authentick  Irish  Antiquities  as  yet  extant,   more  exact  than  elsewhere  can  be 

produc'd, 
x  "  The  quotations  here  are  markt  with  a  parenthesis  every  where." — Author's  note. 


438 

produc'd,  upon  which  a  designed  entire  treatise  against  his.  and  suet  as  followed  his 
steps,  their  manifold  errours  and  calumnies  was  set  forth  in  Latin,  under  the  title  of 
Cambrensis  Eversus,  at  St.  Maloa  A°  1662,  and  having  considered  the  Author's  judi- 
cious care  and  sincerity  in  the  rest  of  his  work,  I  presum  it  would  not  be  un?ratefull 
to  'im  to  be  undeceived  in  a  passage  of  unbyassed  design,  wherein  he  was  unaware 
misled  by  the  tradition  of  others,  in  the  ensuing  words  out  of  the  first  part.  chap.  18. 
pag.  224  of  his  Book. 

"  Viz.  The  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  anciently  hod  Primacy  as  are//  ocer  all  Irelarul  at 
England;  and  the  Irish  Bishops  received  consecration  from  him :  far  Ireland  /tad  no  other 
Archbishop  until  the  year  1152,  and  therefore  in  the  time  of  the  two  first  Norma*  KK. 
it  was  declared  that  Canterbury  was  the  Metropolitan  Churc/i  of  England,  Scotland,  and 
Ireland. 

"  I  omitt  here  to  take  exception  of  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  and  Bishops  of  Ireland, 
onely  mind  him,  that  S.  Augustin  was  never  termed  Archbishop  by  - 
Great,  Pope  of  Rome,  who  ordeined  'im  Bishop;  nor  Archbishop  and  Bishops  distin- 
guished by  such  termesin  the  Western  church  before  the  g'h  Christian  age,  as  Mabillon 
(Mabillonde  Re  Diplomat,  lib.  2.  cap.  2.  n.  12.)  and  others  observe.  Such  as  had  juris- 
diction over  other  Bishops  in  ancient  times,  were  only  called  Bishops,  so  the  first 
Primats  of  Canterbury  and  York,  the  first  Patriarks  of  Jerusalem,  Antioch,  and 
Alexandria,  and  the  ffathers  of  the  first  General  Councils  were  indifferently  called 
Bishops.  Nay  the  Pope  of  Eome  is  still  called  Bishop  of  Eome.  So  that  Arch 
in  latter  ages,  and  Bishop  over  other  Bishops  in  former  ages  differ  not  :  and  where 
such  Bishops  are  very  often  in  latter  ages  called  Archbishops,  ti-  only  to  appropriate 
to  them  the  term  of  what  really  they  were,  tho  not  in  their  time  such  a  term  prac- 
tised. Moreover  even  since  the  name  of  Archbishop  is  com  in  u?e,  three  suffragan 
Bishops  can  consecrate  a  Bishop  without  the  presence  of  a  Metropolitan  neeessarie. 

"S.Patr:  for  whose  birth  we  are  more  obliged  to  G.Britain  than  for  the  Prii. 
of  Canterbury,  coming  on  his  Mission  into  Ireland,  A°432:  next  year  erected  the 
Bishop  see  of  Trim  in  Meath  :  25  years  after  having  completed  hia  work  of  th 
version  of  the  Kingdom,  he  founded  the  Metropolitan  See  of  Ardmagh  in  Y 
A°458   (&  not  A0  445  as  others  have).     Soon  after  he  took   a   journev  to  Eome, 
where  without  peradventure  he  obtained  all  the  authority  and  prh  if  any 

before  not  granted)  that  were  necessary  for  erecting  the  Hierarehv  of  chur 
ment  in  the  Nation  by  him  newly  brought  to  the  light  of  the  GospelL,  and  endowed 
with  eminent  guifts  of  renown1  d  piety  and  sanctity.    By  vertue  whereof  he  dedicated 
churches,  called  Synods,  erected  cathedrals,  as  custom  then  did  allow.     He  instituted 
four  Metropolitan  Sees,  one  in  each  province,   with  superintendence  of  the  X 

politan 


439 

politan  of  Ardmagh  over  the  three  others;  as  in  the  politick  government,  the  Monarch 
was  over  the  provincial  KK.  But  it  cannot  be  denyed,  that  there  were  no  Bishops 
of  Canterbury  for  to  ordein  Irish  Bishops  for  above  8  score  years  after  S.  Patrick's 
arrival  in  Ireland  to  S.  Augustin's  mission  from  Eome,  A0,  597,  and  his  foundation 
of  Canterbury. 

"  S.  Augustin's  successours,  and  the  British,  Irish,  and  Pictish  churches  were  at 
great  odds  and  debate  for  several  centuries  of  years,  about  the  time  of  holding  Easter, 
and  other  ceremonies,  tho'  not  repugnant  to  the  salvation  of  soules  {Bed.  Histor. 
passim),  but  as  we  now  in  like  case  differ  som  years  by  weekes  from  the  new  Grego- 
rian Easter  time ;  the  English  Saxons,  of  S.  Augustin's  conversion,  holding  Easter 
according  to  the  reformed  Dionysian  paschal  cycle  of  532  years,  practis'd  in  the 
church  at  their  becoming  christians,  and  the  3  other  Nations  together  with  the 
Northern  English  Saxons  converted  by  Irish  Scots,  obstinately  adhering  to  the  old 
cycle  of  lxxxiv  years,  prescribed  to  them  by  their  first  Doct"  of  Christianity,  as  at  their 
first  conversion  practised  by  the  church.  (Usser:  de  Brit.  Eccl.  Primord :  pag.  925. 
Fleming,  in  vita  S.  Columbani.)  During  which  controversy  the  Northern  English, 
and  Walsh,  or  British  Bishops  were  often  consecrated  by  Irish-Scot  Bishops,  and  Irish- 
Scots  by  them,  (Vard:  Bumold:  pag.  386.  vita  S.  Kentigerni  apud  Capgravium)  with- 
out dependency  of  Canterbury,  made  decrees  against  such  as  were  ordein'd  by  Bishops 
observant  of  the  old  Paschal  manner  of  Eastertime.  (v.  Bed:  Histor.  passim.)  This 
national  controversy  was  so  vehement,  that  it  was  but  by  degrees  the  dissenting 
Nations  conformed  themselves  at  last  to  the  canonical  Koman  observance.  So  highly 
they  were  concerned  in  this,  and  other  ceremonial  points,  whereof  this  of  Easter  was 
the  greatest  difference  (Bed.  Histor.  lib.  2.  cap.  2.),  that  of  three  successive  Irish 
Bishops  of  Lindisfarn  in  Northumb  :  (and  Metropolitans  of  the  North  of  England, 
the  see  of  York  then  vacant)  the  last  Bishop  Colman,  in  a  Synod  at  Whitby  in  the 
North  riding  of  York,  about  the  same  controversy,  A°  664,  abdicated  his  Bishoprick 
sooner  than  he  would  swarve  from  the  ancient  rites  of  his  predecessors,  and  coming  to 
Ireland  his  native  soile,  founded  an  Abbey  at  Bofinn  Island  in  the  West  Ocean  of 
Connaght,  and  another  at  Mayo  for  the  English  Saxons  com  along  with  him  (Bed. 
Ibd.  lib.  3.  cap.  25.  <fy  26.)  The  abbey  of  the  holy  Island  of  Hy,  (where  the  said  three 
successive  Bishops  of  Lindisfarn  first  profess'd),  one  of  the  Hebrid  Isles  of  modern 
Scotland,  chief  head  of  all  the  Abbeyes  of  S.  Columb's  order  in  Ireland,  Scotland,  and 
England,  planted  by  S.  Columb  with  a  seminary  of  monks,  supplyed  out  of  Ireland 
for  many  ages  after,  was  induc'd  to  conform,  A°  716,  by  the  procurement  of  S.  Egbert, 
a  holy  English  Priest  of  religious  austerity,  among  many  more  of  his  countrymen 
brought  up  in  Ireland,  where  he  liv'd  at  least  52  years  till  his  going  thither  (Bed. 

Ibd. 


44° 


Ibd.  lib.  3.  c.  27.  lib.  4.  c.  3.  lib.  5.  c.  10.  #23.;  of  whom  V.  Bede  (W.  5.  r.  23.;  upon 
his  reducing  S.  Columb's  order  to  the  reformed  Paschal  form,  makes  this  remark  : 
Mira  divinse  constat  factum  dispensatione  pietatis,  ut  quoniam  gens  ilia,  qua  noverat 
scientiam  divinaj  cognitionis  (meaning  the  Irish  Nation,  and  especially  tlie  Religious 
of  S.  Columb's  order,  by  whom  the  most  part  of  England  recovered  from  pa;- 
the  same  Bede,  Usser.  and  Richard  Broghton  priest  his  writtinga,  published  A"  1 1 
doe  witness),  Libenter,  ac  sine  invidia  populis  Anglorum  earn  communicare  curavh 
ipsa  quoque  postmodum  per  gentem  Anglorum  in  eis,  qua  minus  habuerat  ad  per- 
fectam  vivendi  normam  pervenirent.    The  same  V.  Bede  (Bed.  ibd. lib.  3.  cap.  25.  26.) 
recounts  that  in  Northumberland  K.  Oswy  (devoted  to  the  doctrin  of  the  Irish, 
was  his  brother  K.  Oswald)  kept  Easter-Sunday  sun,  yeai  -.  on   the  same  day  thai 
Queen,  brought  up  in  Kent,  celebrated  Palm-Sunday,  according  to  the  Roman  account 
observed  by  the  church  of  Canterbury. 

"  Dr.  Stillingfleet  {Stillfl.  Origines  Brif"  pag.  355)  recites  an  old  canon  of  the  church 
ordeining,  that  if  a  Province    were  divided  into  two.  each  of  'em  was  to  have  a  Metro- 
politan.    Much  more  requisit  it  was,  that  two  distinct  Kingdom-  >hould  have  dial 
Metropolitans ;  between  which  it  was  preposterous,  that  the  yonder,  both  for  Monarchy 
and  Primacy,  should  have  pre-eminence  of  Jurisdiction  ova  I  1  ;  without  acquir- 

ing it  by  force  of  arms,   or  Judicial  sentence,   neither  of  which  a] 
year  1 152. 

"A°  1 152,  on  the  fourth  Sunday  of  Lent,  at  Kells  in  Meath,  as  our  chronicles  the 
same  time  have  exactly  recorded,  Cardinal  Paparo,  senl  by   Pope  Eugenius   iiL  t 
ther  with  Christian  O'Conarche  Bishop  of  Lismoiv.  Aposb  li  k  Leg 
General  Synod  of  the  Prelats  of  Ireland,   solemnly  deliver'd  a  Pall  to  each 
Metropolitans  of  Ireland,  viz.  the  Archbishops  of  Ardmagh,  Dublin,  CassiL  and  Tua 
If  a  Pall  be  necessarie  for  the  essential  function  of  a  Metropolitan.  :ter  de- 

clared by  Pope  Innocent  iii.     In  Pallio  Pontihcalis  officii  plenitudiuein.  cum  Arci 
piscopalis  nominis  appellatione  conferri;  and  that  there  was  no  Archbishop  in  Ire-land 
till  then,  you  may  as  well  say  thai  then-  was  no  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  these  150 
years  past,  since  the  death  of  Cardinal  Pole,   A°  1558.  Sr  James  Ware  (  War.  de  Pra- 
sulib.  Hib'1)  speaking  of  Cassil  Prelates,  writes,  Hos  omnes,  licet  ante  usun  un, 

Historici  nostri  Archiepiscopos  nominant;  and  likewise  wejre   Metropolitans  in   I 
Britain  without  Palls  before  S.  Agustine  erected  the  Metropolitan  See  of  Canterbury. 
Quos  omni  dignitate  Archiepiscopali  usos  fuisse.  excepto  Pallio,  testator  Hovedonius 
ad  an.  1199.  (Cambr.  Evens,  p.   346.  Stilling}!.   Or      i  p.   339).     Without  Palls 

were  also  ancient  Metropolitans  in  France,  and  in  remote  places  o(  the  world  from 
Rome  (ut  paiet  ex  capite  Quoniam:  Distinct.  100).  S.  Bernard  in  S.  Malachy's  life  hath, 

Metropoliticc 


44 1 

Metropolises  sedi  deerat  adhuc,  et  defuerat  ab  initio  Pallii  usus;  meaning  Ardmagh, 
where  he  plainly  grants  a  Metropolitan  See  from  the  first  erection  thereof,  as  well  as 
the  want  of  a  Pall ;  and  tho'  most  zealous  in  reproving  the  vices  of  Church  persons 
otherwhere,  he  never  check'd  that  defect  of  a  Pall,  but  rather  in  the  same  life  extolls 
the  dignity  of  that  See  thus:  In  tanta.  ab  initio  a  cunctis  veneratione  habetur,  ut  non 
modo  Episcopi  et  Sacerdotes,  et  qui  de  clero  sunt,  sed  etiam  Eegum  et  Principum 
universitas  subjecta  sit  Metropolitano  in  omni  obedientia,  et  unus  ipse  omnibus  prse- 
sit.  But  the  Pall  being  a  holy  and  most  ancient  ornament  to  the  Metropolitan  dig- 
nity, and  badge  of  Apostolical  obedience;  it  was  out  of  their  own  proper  motion  that 
the  Clergy  of  Ireland,  sensible  of  the  want  of  it,  employed  the  same  S.  Malachy  their 
Primat  of  Ardmagh,  to  suplicat  for  supplying  thereof  at  Rome;  who  in  his  journey 
was  prevented  by  death,  in  S.  Bernard's  abbey  of  Clarevall,  A0  1 148. 

"  This  errour  of  no  Archbishop  in  Ireland  before  1152,  with  many  more,  Avas  first 
broached  by  Giraldus  Cambrensis  (Girald.  Cambr.  Topograpk.  Hibm  distinct.  3.  cap.  17). 
And  where  he,  in  the  same  place,  admitts  Irish  Bishops  consecrating  one  another. 
Doctor  Meredith  Hanmer,  Treasurer  of  Dublin  Cathedral  church,  to  rectify  that  as 
uncongruous,  must  invent  that  they  were  consecrated  by  the  Archbishops  of  Canter- 
bury, and  accordingly  was  followed  by  others,  that  cared  not  to  examin  further. 
More  modest  was  Sr  Rich.  Baker,  and  more  sincere  in  his  Chronicle  of  the  K  K.  of 
England,  saying  (in  K.  Will,  the  iis  reign  p.  35).  In  this  King's  reign,  althb  he  had 
no  command  in  Ireland,  yet  their  Bishop  of  Dublin  was  sent  over  to  Anselm,  Archbishop 
of  Canterbury,  to  be  consecrated  by  him,  and  the  citizens  of  Waterford  also  desiring  to 
have  a  Bishop,  procured  Muredach  K.  of  Ireland  to  write  to  Anselm  to  give  his  consent. 
This  is  very  true,  and  by  letters  of  the  same  time  extant,  authentick,  yet  notwith- 
standing it  is  strange  how  prone  people  are  led  to  humour  their  own  fancy  in  so  much, 
that  the  compiler  of  the  Index  of  the  same  book  in  the  letter  C.  word  Canterbury 
thus  misrepresents  them  words ;  viz.  He  (meaning  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury 
whoever)  consecrated  all  the  Bishops  of  Ireland. 

"  I  doe  not  deny  that  in  the  reign  of  the  two  first  Norman  KK.  of  England,  and 
K.  Stephen,  and  in  the  time  of  S.  Lanfranc,  S.  Anselm,  Rodulph,  and  Theobald  Arch- 
bishops of  Canterbury,-  the  Ostmans  of  Dublin,  Limerick,  and  Waterford,  the  Reliques 
of  the  pagan  Danes  or  Normans  infesting  Ireland,  becoming  Christians,  being  aliens  to 
the  Irish,  and  originally  countrymen  to  the  new  Norman  conquerours  of  England, 
among  whom  their  clergymen  were  commonly  bred,  and  religiously  professed,  made  it 
their  Interest,  by  application  likely  to  Rome,  upon  those  motives,  and  upon  considera- 
tion of  their  late  conversion,  and  the  Pope's  subsequent  authority  interposing.  I 
therefore  conceive  this  was  the  reason,  that  the  Irish  took  no  distaste  (that  we  can 
irish  arch.  soc.  15.  3  L  learn) 


442 

learn)  of  opposing,  or  grudging  at  their  introducing  foreign  Jurisdiction,  insomuch, 
that  contrariwise  we  reade,   that  Irish  Princes  and  Prelats  promoted  their  i 
advancement,  by  their  influence  on  the  Prelate  of  Canterbury,  and  commendation  of 
the  persons  elected  in  order  to  their  consecration ;  as  may  appear  by  the  lette 
tant  (m  Usserii  Sylloge  veterum  Epistolar.  H'J/"')  ofTordelvac  O' Brian  K.  of  the  South- 
ern moyty  of  Ireland,  and  of  his  son  and  successour  Murchertach,   both  styled  ] 
of  Ireland,  and  of  Ferdomnach  Bishop  of  Kildare  and  Metropolitan  of  Leinster  (before 
Dublin  was  so  erected  A0  1152).     But  never  a  Bishop  of  any  other  See  in  Ireland, 
nor  even  of  those  Ostman  Sees,  except  five  of  Dublin,  the  fir?t  Bishop  of  Waterfbrd, 
and  one  of  Limerick  in  Archbishop   Theobald's  time,  that  ever  owned  consecration, 
and  canonical  obedience  to  the  See  of  Canterbury. 

"  York  was  the  Metropolitan  see  of  Scotland  till  the  year  of  Grace  147 1,  by  which 
title  if  Canterbury  was  the  Metropolitan  of  Scotland  is  beyond  my  sphere  to  dispute, 
but  was  no  more  Metropolitan  of  Ireland  than  as  Edgar  K.  of  England  was  conquerour 
of  Ireland  A°  964,  by  letters  patent  dictated  by  his  secretary :  conscious  to  none  els  of  his 
time  :  or  as  all  the  learning  and  sanctity  of  Ireland  abolished  by  the  descent  of  E 
K.  of  Northumberland's  ffleet  in  Ireland  A"  684,  as  Cambden  thought,  de  quibus 
videsis  Ogygiam  pag:  39  &  pag:  230.     Nay  Wales  nearer  home  than  Ireland  w 
under  the  Jurisdiction   of  Canterbury  before  the  year  1187.   in   K.  Hen.  ii' 
Baldwin  being  then  Archbishop  of  Canterbury. 

"  Lastly,  I  cannot  but  arraign  Doctor  Hanmer's  partial  ju    _  fcfull 

memory,  who  saw  in  his  own  dayes  (A"  1604  deceas'd)  Matthew  Parker  Dean  of 
Lincoln  installed  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  by  William  Barlow  Prior  of  Bisham, 
John  Scory,  and  Miles  Coverdale;  and  Parker  without  a  stieh  of  a  Pall"s  cross  invest- 
ing 22  Bishopps  of  as  many  cathedralls:  of  which  number  Barlow  was  made  B 
of  Chichester  and  Scory  of  Hereford  {Bakers  Chronicle  in  Q.  Elizabeth,  A"  1559).  and 
yet  could  not  digest,  that  Irish  Bishops  in  the  primitive  times  of  their  sanctity,  could 
confer  Episcopal  orders  without  one  of  'em  shouldering  a  Pall  on  brest  and  back. 

"In  Dr.  Chamberlain's  8  chap:  Notitice  Angl"  by  the  vast  number  of  - 
KK.  and  wast  time  of  their  2000  years  continuance,  I  attribut  his  mistake  to  his 
adhering  unaware  to  the  modern  Scotish  stories.  In  the  same  chapter  I  observe  his 
omission  of  K.  James's  long  line  of  extraction  from  the  KK.  of  Ireland,  of  whom  in 
a  direct  masculin  line,  not  controverted,  he  sprung.  Videsis  Ogygiam  passim,  the 
Genealogy  of  K.  Alex.  iii.  William  Slatyr's  Pake- Albion,  etc. 

"  Prid.  Cal.  May,  1 709.  \~\ :  in  Albis." 


Index. 


443 


INDEX. 


Page. 
A. 

A  BBEYS 273,  274 

-£*-  Abbey  (Cong), 18,  24 

Abbey  of  St.  Francis,      ....    82,  ib.  n. 

Abhainn  Tuaidhe, 107,  n. 

Achay,  last  Belgian  King  of  Ireland,      .     18 

Aghnenure, 23,  ib.  n.,24 

,  castle  of,     ...     .    54,  ib.  n. 

,  lands  of,      .     .     .     .     "416,  w. 

,  manor  of,    ...     .    54,  ib.  n. 

Aircin  (see  Arhin), 78,  n. 

Albeus  (St.),  Bishop  of  Imly,  .     ...     79 
Alexander  (Pope)  VI.,  Bulls  of,  .      161-171 

Ally,  river  of, 62,  ib.  n. 

Alms, 40,  ib.  n. 

Ambergreese 94,  ib.  n.,  95 

America 44 

Anabaptists  of  Galway, 28 

Anchu.     See  Dovarchu. 

Ancient  maps  of  Ireland  inaccurate,      91,  n. 

Ancient  stone  crosses,    .     .     114,  n.,  115,  n. 

Angaly, 93 

Anglo-Normans 143,  378,  382 

Anglo-Norman  (early)  document,     .     .  266 

Anhin  (St.), 54,  n. 

Annaghdown  (see  Enaghdun),      .     .      3,  n. 

3 


Page. 

Annals, 31 

Annals  of  the  Four  Masters  quoted,  .  63,  «., 
64,  n.,  65,  n.,  78,  n.,  187 

of  Ulster 187 

Anselm,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,      .  441 

Antrim,  County  of, 415 

Apparitions, 69,  ib.  n. 

Ara,  signification  of, 90 

Ara  Sanctorum 79 

Ara-Coemhan, 75,  n.,  87,  90 

Ara-Mhor 76 

Aran 7,  69,  76,  «.,  80,  84,  86 

,  Abbots  of, 80 

,  cliffs  and  rocks  of,      .     .     •     .     .      13 

,  half  barony  of, 6 

,  isles  of,     .    7,  10,  15,  37,  43,  65,  ib.  n. 

66.  n.,  68,71,  78,  n.,  92 
,    churches    of    the,     .  74,   n., 

75,  n. 

,  lesser, 69 

,  middle  island  of,     .     .     .  119,  ib.  n. 

■ ,  saints  of, 87,  n. 

Archbishops'  and  bishops'  palls,     .  440,  442 

Archisinedrus, 1 14,  re. 

Ard 23 

Ardberra  Haven,  .  .  .  Ill,  ib.  n.,  112 
Ardes,  castle  of, 101,  n,  102 

L2 


444 


Page. 

Ard  Oilen,  75, n.,  70,  n.,  91,  114,  ib.  n.,  115, 

118 
Arkin,  castle  and  manor  of,     .  78,  ib.  n.,  82 
Armorica  Galviensis,  its   literal  mean- 
ing,      421,  ib.  n. 

Arren,  barony  of,  summary  of  lands  in 

the 311 

Art,  king  of  Ireland,  slain,      .     .     .  43,  147 
Articles   of  Peace,    signed  by  Morogh 
O' Flaherty  na  doe  and  followers,  after 
the  rebellion  in  Mayo  and  Connaught,  396, 
397,  398,  399 

Athacind, 371,  371,  n. 

Athdearg,  church  of, 113 

Athenry,     .     .   43,  84,  ib.  n.,  85,  ib.  «.,  273 

,  barony,  its  lands,      ....  325 

,   battle  and   plunder  of,    265,    266, 

267,  268,  269,  270,  271,  272 

,  St.  Dominick's  Order  of,   .     .     39 

Athlone 302,  303 

,    barony  of,  its  lands,      .     318,  319 

Ath  mic  cinn, 371,  ib.  n. 

Athy  (Margaret) 40 

Augustin,  or  Austin  (St.),     83,  n.,  188,  438 
Augustine  (St.),  Order  of  Hermits,  40,  ib.  n., 

155 

(St.),    Order  of  Hermits  of. 

and  endowment  of  the, 243 

Author's  various  productions,  421,  422,  423, 

424,  425 

,  some  small  treatises  by  him,  4)9. 

442 

"  Observations   on    Dr.    Bor- 

lace's    Reduction   of    Ireland,"   from 
MS.  in  possession  of  the  Right  Hon. 
the  Earl  of  Leitrim,   ....     431,434 
"  Animadversions  onDr.  Cham- 


berlain's Subjection  of  the  Bishops  of 
Ireland  to  the  Archbishop  of  Canter- 
bury,"       437.  442 


Author,  death  of, 


]Jo<j<-. 


B. 


Baile-colu,  in  Clare,  ....  372,  ib.  n. 
Baker   (Sir   Richard),  his  "  Chronicles 

of  the  Kings  of  England"  quoted,  .  441 
Baker's  Chronicle  in   Q.  Elizabeth,  A'. 

1559, 442 

Balinrobe,  Fryar's  house  of,    ....     47 

Ballinaboy, 111.  n. 

Ballinahinch,  half  baronies  of,     92,  n.,  93,  n. 

barony  of.       .     .     .     .97, 403 

Ballinasloe 31,  ib.  n.,  269 

Ballinclare,  Bulla  pro  Vicariis  de,  168.  171 
Ballintobber,  barony  of,  its  lands,  352,  353 
Bally-Colgan,  i.e.  O'Colgan's-town,  369,ib.  n. 

Bally-conlachtna, 371,  ib.  n. 

Ballymae-Conroy, -!vl 

Ballvmote,  Book  of,  quoted,    .     .     362.  363 

Ballynakill, 119 

Ballynakill,  harbour  of, lib 

,  parish  church  of,   .     .118,  ib.  n. 

Ballyndeonagh  castle,     .     .     .  47,  ib.  n.,  49 

Balymac-conroy,        113 

Balynchala,  parish  of,     ...     .  45.  n..  4'- 

Balyndown 109 

Balyndown  haven 109 

Balvndown  or  Balynduin  parish,        .  24.  lui' 

Balyndeonagh, 17 

Balynahinsy,    ...-..-     106.  121 

Balynahinsyor  Balynehynsye.   barony  of.    4. 

5,  7i..  6,  43.  44.  45,  52.  69,  71.  7o.  92. 

lb.  n.,  120,  122.  311 

Balynahinsy  lake, I'M 

Balynahinsy  river, lt'7 

Barlow  (William),  Prior  of  Bisham.     .  442 

Barna,  castle  of. 59.  n.,  60 

,  townland  of, 59 

white  cliff  of,     ....     60.  ib.  n. 

Barr  (St.),  his  wooden  image.      .     .     99.  n. 


445 


Page. 
Barrett   (Richard),    of  Ennis,  a  song, 
viz.,  "  Eoghan  coir,"  in  Irish,      292,  293 

Barry  (Robert), 115,  n. 

Beagh, 370 

Bealagh-na-fearbag,        86 

Bealagh-na-finnis, 92,  ib.  n. 

Bealagh-na-haite, 92,  ib.  n. 

Bealagh-Lougha  Lurgan  .  .  .  92,  ib.  n. 
Bealagh  na-fearboy,  .....     92,  ib.  n. 

Beasts, 9,'ib.n. 

Beatheach, 370,  ib.  n. 

Bede  (Venerable),  .     .     .     116, «.,  439,  440 

Begara ,     .     .     68 

Belanambreac,  river 50,  ib.  n. 

Belathnabay Ill,  n. 

Belathnabay  river, 112 

Belgae,  ancient  colony  of  the,  .  .  .  .125 
Belgians  overthrown,  .  .  .  .  18,  ib.  n. 
Belgmen  in  Ireland,  reliques  of  the,  .  78 
Bellahawnes  barony,  lands  of,  .  339,  340 
Bellalahen,  barony  of,  lands  of,  .  .  .  334 
Bellamo,  barony  of,  its  lands,   .     .     327,  328 

Bellaneslowe,  castle  of, 31,269 

Benedict  (St.) 75,  n. 

Benign  (St), 110,  n. 

Bennabeola,  mountains  of,       106,  ib.  n.,  112 

Beola, 105,  n.,  106,  n. 

Berchann  (St.), 75,  n. 

Berminghams  (the),   ancient  barons  of 

Ireland, 273 

Bernard  (S.), 400,  401 

Bindowglass 107,  104,  re. 

Binghame  (Sir  Richard),  detested  by  the 

native  Irish 394,  re. 

Bingham  (Sir  George)  of  Castlebar,  .  418 
Bingham  (Sir  Richard),     .       186,  334,  356 

Binn  Aite, 92,  re. 

Birds 12,  13 

Birmingham,  Anglo-Norman  family  of,  85,  re. 
Bishops, 437,442 


Page. 
Black.     See  Blake. 

Black  (Richard  Cadell), 32 

Black  Booke  of  Athlone,    .     .     .     431,  432 
Blackford  Haven,      .     .     .     102,  ib.  re.,  104 

Blackrock  Haven, 118,  ib.  re. 

Blacksod  Haven, 119,  re.  120 

Blake  (Henricus), 201,  202 

(John)  the  humble  peticon  of,    192, 

193,  194,  195 

(Johan.),    Major  Galwy,  .     .  220,  222 

(Johan.  oge),  Inventarium  bono- 

rum  et  debitor um  et  ejus  Testamen- 

tum 198,  199,  200,  201 

(Johannes  f.  Hen.),  Testamentum,  205, 

206,  207,  208 

(J oh.  fil.  Walteri), 196 

(Marcus),  Mayor  of  Gal  way,       .     37 

(Nic), 210,211,212 

(Nicolas),  dispensacio  pro,  et  pro 

Sescilia  uxore  ejus, 233 

(Richard),  his  ancestors  gifts  to 

the  Colledge  of  St.  Nycholas,  Galway,  233, 

234,  235 

(Richard),  and  his  heiress,      228,  229 

(Ric), 210,211,212 

(Sir  Richard), 37 

(Robert  Fitz    Walter),  Mayor  of 

Galway, 38 

(Sily), 201,202 

(Thomas), 37 

(Sir  Valentine),  Bart 37 

(Valterus),  dispensacio  maritagii 

pro,  et  Juliano  Lynch,     .     .     .     216,217 
(Walter),    Bishop    of    Clonmac- 

noise,  confirmation  of,      .     .     .     224,  225 
(William fy  Geffrey),  arbitryment 


inter,  et  Joh.  fy  Henry  Blake,  .     204,  205 
(Willielm) 201,202 


Blakes  of  Galway,  32,   192,  211,  212,  213, 

233,  234,  235 


446 


Page. 

Blakes  of  Galway,  pedigree  of  the,    212,  213 

Blake's  Hill 60,  n. 

Bley  (John),  priest, 392 

Bodkin  (Christopher) 36 

(Mr.  Dominick) 244 

(Richard),  mayoralty,  time  of,  .     36 

Bofin, 44,  ib.  n.  73,  117 

Isles,     .     .     115,  ib.  n.,  116,  118,  294 

Bonbonann, 31,51 

Bonbonan,  river,        50,  ib.  n. 

Bonorum,  Inventarium  .  .  .  198,  199 
Bonowan,  castle  and  manor  of,  in  Irros- 

more 108,  ib.  n. 

,  manor  of,       .     .     107,  ib.  n.  118 

Bonowan-an-eoin,  river, 120 

Book  of  Rights,  quoted,      .     .     .     142,143 

Bordering  Island, 110,  ib.  n. 

Borlace's  (Dr.),  Reduction  of  Ireland, 

Author's  observations  on,  .  .  431,  434 
Bourke  (Sir  Richard),  ....     335,  338 

(Walter  Fada),       .     .     .    62,  ib.  n. 

(Sir  William),  Lord  Warden  of 

Ireland,  ...  38,  ib.  n.,  39,  ib.  n.,  47 
Bourkesof  Mayo  county,  39,  ib.  n.,  241,  2-42, 

386 
Bowen  (Robert),  of  Castlecarra,  Esq.,  58,  n. 

Boyle,  abbey  of, 379 

,  barony  of,  its  lands,     .     .   355,  ib.  n. 

Boyne,  battle  of  the, 262 

Branhagh  (Murtagh  Boy) 26 

Brannock, 68,  n. 

Brecan  (St.) 75,  n. 

Briefney,  chiefs  of,  ...  .  144,  145,  146 
Brendon  (St),  22,  ib. ».,  42,  75,  n.,  81 ,  82,  ?i., 

104,  154,  155 

(St),  a  well  dedicated  to,    .     .     33 

(St.),  statue  of,    ...     .     98,  n. 

(St.),  when  he  died,       .     .    49,  n. 

Breny  O'Royrke, 347,  348 

Br  etas,  lords  of, 48 


Brian,  race  of,        126,  127 

Brian   Boramy   (King  of  Ireland;,    lib 

well, 115 

Brian  Boroimhe, 3C6 

Brian,  son  of  Eochy  Moyvane,  twenty  - 

four  sons  of, 1  j~ 

Bridges, 4l,ib./i. 

Bridget  (St.) 113 

(St.),  chapel  dedicated  to,  Kil- 
bride,   

(St.),  "noble  and  devout  visitors" 

come  to 96,  n. 

Brimstone  river, 53 

Brit.    Mus.    Cotton.    Titus   B.  xiii.   fol. 

446, 39C. 

Brooks, 99  B. 

Brown  (Andrew),  Mayor  of  Galway      .     37 

Brown  (Oliver), ib. 

Bruin  river,      .........     40 

Brymegham's  country,    ....     32!< 

Bulls  (Pope's)  and  Briefs,  .     .     .     156.17!' 

Bunowan, 

Bunowen,  castle  and  manor  of,        108,  ib.  n. 

Burgagio, 

Burgo  (Richard  de\  32,  SB,  n.,51,  222.  223. 

M 
Burgo  (Ricard.  de),  Canon.    Duaeensi. 

Bulla  pro, 171-174 

Burgo  (  Walter  de),  his  death,      ...     32 

Burgo  (Wil.  de) 201,220.221 

Burough,  town  of, 30,  ib.  n. 

Burk  (Edmond),  put  to  death,   46,  ib.  ■.,  47 

Burk  (Lord  John), •     .     32 

Burke  (Edmond) 2 

Burke  (Rd.),  the  Red  Earl  of  Ulster.    - 

- 

Burke  (Ulick), 34  n. 

Burke,  Walter,  son  of  William,    .     .     .  250 

Burke  (William), 7.  «. 

Burk  (William),  Earl  of  Ulster,  ...     32 


447 


Page. 

Burkes  (The)  of  Limerick 48 

Burkes  of  Mayo, 189 

Burkes  (The),  battle  between,  and  Kel- 

Ieys, 149 

Burren, 245,  246 

Burren,  abbey  of, 245 

Burren,  chieftains  of, ib. 

Burren,  mountains  of, ib. 

Burreshowle,  barony  of,  lands  of,  .     .     .  333 
Burreskerra,  barony  of,  lands  of,  .     .     .  334 

Burriscarra 3,  n. 

Bush  (Mr.),  his  work  quoted,    .     .     .   57,  n. 


Caddie,  see  Blake. 

Caddie  (Richard) 32,  192-195 

Cahernally, 371,  n. 

Cailin  (St.), 104 

Cailin  (St.),  chapel  and  well  of,       110,  ib.  n. 

Caithness, 125 

Cambrensis  Eversus,  by  Gratianus  Lu- 
cius,       9,  n. 

Cambrensis  ( Giraldus) ,  misinformed,  80,  ib.  n. 

Camden, 30 

Camden's  Giraldus  Cambrensis,  432,  437, 441 
Canterbury  (Archbishops  of),  subjection 
of  the  Irish  bishops  to,  .     .     .      440,  442 

Caradoc  (St.),  Garbh, 84 

Cara-more, 106 

Carbrv,  barony  of,  its  lands  .     341,  342 

Cargin, ...     25 

Cam  Ceora ...   147 

Carolan's   Irish    Song   of  "   Pearla   an 
chuil  oir,"  remarks  on,     .     .     .     .    417  n. 

Carra, 3n.,  347  n. 

Carrickmacken, 70,  ib.  n. 

Carrigmeacan, 70,  ib.  n. 

Carte's  Life  of  Lord  Ormonde,  remarks 

on 406,  n. 

Cathal  Crove-darg,    .     .  7,  n.,  137,  378,  379 


Page. 

Casla, 63,  ib.  n. 

Casla  Haven, 63 

Casla,  river  of, ib. 

Cassinhaven, 64  n.,  65,  97 

Castles    (West  Connaught)    built,    re- 
paired and  rebuilt  by  Irish  chiefs,  3,  4,  n., 
106,  ib.  n.,  387,  ib.  n.,  408 

Castleconnel,  lords  of, 48 

Castlehaven,  Earl  of, 26 

Cat.  Stow  MSS.  p.  168,  quoted,        139,  140 

Cathair-na-hailighi, 371,  ib.  n. 

Cathair-nam-ban, 78,  n. 

Cathal  (St.),  church  of, 369,  n. 

Catherlagh, 415 

Catholics  (Roman),  state  and  remains  of, 

in  1709, 57,  n.,  80,  n. 

Cathradochus  (St.), ib. 

Cattle 15,  ib.  ft. 

Cavan,  county  of, 125 

Cawlovyn,  half  barony  of, 344 

Ceannannach  (St.), 75,  n. 

Cean-droma 371»  ib.  w. 

Ceasoir,  the  "the  antediluvian  nymph,"    147 
Chamberlain's  (Dr.)  "  Subjection  of the 
Bishops  of  Ireland  to  the  Archbishop 
of  Canterbury,"  animadversions  on  by 

our  author, 437,  442 

Chancery  in  Ireland,  a  plaint  in  1717     .  429 

Chappells 14, 186,  187 

Chappell    "  (Our   Blessed    Lady's)    in 

the  middle  isle  of  Aran,"      ....     86 
Charles  II.,  King  of  England,  26,  ib.  n,  426, 

427,  432 

Chiefs  of  Connaught, 144 

Chieftains  (ancient  Irish),  notices  of,  364,  etc. 

Chinese  chronology, 434,  437 

Chronology    of  important   events   con- 
nected with  early  Irish  history,      433,  434 
Church,  King's  supremacy  over  the,       .     37 
Churches,  chapels,  &c.        .     .      14,  74,  ib.  n. 


44§ 


Page. 
Church.     See  "  Tempull." 
Church,  Our  Ladie's,  Galway,     .     39,  274, 

275,  276 
Church- Wardains,     .     .    237,  238,  239,  240 

Cill-Cillbile, 370,  ib.  n. 

Cistercian  Order, 102,  n. 

Clagann,  deede  of  the,  A.  D.  1612,  .  .258 
Clancarty,  Earl  of,     .......     26 

Clandonells, 300,  301 

Clane-Costellae,  barony  of,  lands  of,  .  332 
Clan  Fergail,  townlands  of,  .  .  253,  254 
Clanmorys,  barony  of,  lands  of,     .     .     .  332 

Clan  Murray,  race  of, 136 

Clanrode,  customs  of, 301 

Clan  Ulcin, 48 

Clans  (Irish),  .     .     .  372,  n.,  373,  ib.  n.,  400 

Clanrickard, GU 

,  indenture  of  the  lands  of 

the  territory  of,     .     .     323,  324,  325,  326 
Clanricarde,  Earl  of,    26,   ib.  n.,   34,  «.,  86, 
268,323,325,416,  n.,  417 
Clanricarde's  (Earl  of),  Report  to  the 

Lord  Deputy  concerning  the  battle  of 

Athenry 270,  271 

Clanricarde,  Memoirs  of  the  Marquis  of, 

remarks  on 406,  n. 

Clare, 2,  n.,  358,  362,  419 

, ,  barony  of,  21,25,33,  126, 147,  148,  149 

,  its  lands 324 

,  and  settlers  of,  .     .     .     .148 

,  castles  of, 148 

,  castle  of, 269 

,  county  of,  .  43,  65,  ib.  n.,  79,  92,  304 

Clarence,  Dutchess  of, 47 

Clayer 231 

Cleggan  bay, 118,  n. 

Clergy's  Isle, 28 

Clifford  (Coniers),  State  of  Connaught, 

A.  D.  1596,  quoted, 247 

Clifts  (High),  of  Aran,  &c.      .     .    65,  ib.  n. 


Climate, 99.  n. 

Cloggin 118.  ib.  n. 

Cloghans,    .      82,  n.,  68,  ib.  /,.,  114,  /<.,  115 

Clochanhiarla, S3 

Cloghan  Leo,        II, 

Clonbirn,  Bulla  pro,       .     .     .     .     161,  163 

Cloneen, 37' 

Clontarf,  battle  of, 

Cluain-ai 370,  ib.  %. 

Cluainmacnois, 97 

,  first  abbot  of,  .... 

Cnoc-Tuadh,  battle  of, 14!' 

Cod  fishing  sand  bank,    ....  72.  / 

Coelan  (St.), -.:>.  103,  104 

shaly  Roe, 51,  119 

Coeinan  (St.j,        .    75,  '<-,  87»  ib., 

Coeman's  (St.),  church, 91 

,    burying-place,  88,  ib,  /.. 

Coemain-airne, 90, 91 

Coemgin  (St.), — 

Cogan  (Lord  John), 52 

Colgan  noticed,     .  7<i.  it.,  90,  ib.  u.,  91.  ib.  /.. 

115.  ll>. 
Colle  Victorie,  Abbey  de,  Knockmoy,  .  .  . 
Colledge  of  St.  Nicholas,  Galway,  g 

to  the 233.  234.  . 

College  (Trinity),  Dublin.  King  James 
First's  improvement  of,  by  maintain- 
ing and  educating  in  the  English  reli- 
gion and  habits 421 

,  land?  granted 

to, 417. 

Colman  (St.),  third  Irish  Bishop  of  Lan- 

disfarn,  England, 117 

Colman's  (St.),  monastery.       .     .     .11 

,    church,      .     .     .     .   114.    . 

Coloony,  townof, 31,  a. 

Columb's  (St.),  order,    ....     431*.  440 
Columb-Kille.  altar  of. 


449 


Page. 
Commissioners  of  Woods  and  Forests,  49,  n. 

Conall  (St.), 75,  n. 

Conall  Dearg,  St.  Enna,  son  of,  .  .  .  79 
Conamara  wedding,  a  song  in  Irish,    286,  sq. 

Con  Cedchathach, 22,  n. 

Coneely  (Clan), 27,  n. 

Coneys,  family  of,       1 1 1 ,  n. 

(Matthew),  of  Ardbear,    .     .  lll,n. 

— (Robert),     Esq.,    of    Ballynaleame, 

110,  n. 

(Walter),  Esq.,  .     .     .     .     .   112,  n. 

Cong, 7,  n.,  48,  ib.  n.,  113 

,  castle  of, 49 

,  isthmus  and  river  of,     .     .    7,  21,  49 

,  monastery  or  abbey  of,       .     8,  n.,  49 

,  parish  of, 49 

,  river  of, 50 

Conmacny  (ancient)  family,     .     .     .     .110 

Conmacny-culy  barony,        94 

Conmacny  Dunmore,  ....  94,  ib.  n. 
Conmacnymara,     .     .  31,  92,93,  ib.  n.,  116 

Conmacny-rein, 110 

Conn,  race  of,        126 

Connaught  in  the  seventeenth  century,  417, 
ib.  n.,  418,  ib.  n. 
,   province  of,  divided  into 

counties, 125,  127 

,  Christian  kings  of,  list  of, 

compiled  by  Peter  O'Connell,  .       128,  sq. 

,  ecclesiastical  division  of,  179, 180 

,  the  entire  territory  of,  con- 


fiscated,     417 

government  of,     .     .     •     •     47 

in  1579,  303,  304 

,    kings  of,    ...     .     142,  143 

,   the  king's  officers  of,     139,  140 

,   free  princes  of,   ...     .   142 


,    lords,    chieftains,    gentle- 
men, &c,  of, 307 

,L.  President  and  Counsell  of,  236 

IRISH   ARCH.    SOC.    1 5.  3 


Page. 
Connaught,  western  coasts  of,    .     27,  «.,  73 

,  bridges  in, 41 

,  state  of  country  described,      8, 

57,  ib.  n. 

,  geology  of,  .     .     .     .     184,  185 

,  the  whole  country  a  scene 

of  confusion  and  blood, 379 

,  wars  and  dissensions  in,  48,  ib.  n., 

366 

and  Munster,  war  between,  374, 

375 
,  by  order  of  King  Henry  III., 


seized  and  delivered  over  to  Richard 

de  Burgo,  379 

,    Composition  between  Queen 


Elizabeth  and  the  lords,  &c,  of  Con- 
naught,       299 

"  composition,"     .     .     .  34,  n., 

309-338 

, — ,  division  of,  a  MS.  in  the  British 

Museum,  quoted,      .       .     .     .     •      .   148 
Connaught,  Iar,  or  West,   .     .     .     .37,  126 

,  ancient  appellations  of,      .   126 

,  ancient  divisions  of,  1 , ».,  1 25, 1 26 

,  borders  of, 44 

,  extent  of,    .     .     .     1,  125,  126 

,  the  O'Flaherties  masters  of 

the  entire  territory  of, 382 

,  people  of,    15,  ib.  ».,   16,  ib.  n. 

,  mountains  of,       ...     13,  n. 

,  houses  of  thatched,  58,  n.,  59,  n. 

,  agriculture  in,     .  58,  ib.  n.,  59 

,  patents  in  capite  of,      .     .     78 

(See  Eyre-Conaght.) 


Conolly, 27,  n. 

Conymares 93,  n. 

Coote,  Sir  Charles,  Knt.,  Earl  of  Mont- 
rath  and  President  of  Connaught,  41,  ib.  n., 
244,  414,  426,  n. 

Corcamro,  barony, 65 

M 


45° 


Page. 
Corcamro,  infidels  of,      ....    79,  ib.  n. 

Corcoga,  mountains  of, 121 

Cork,  county  of, 415 

Corn 58,  n.,  59 

Cornish  choughs,    ...  ....     67 

Corporation  book  (orig.),    ....    35,  n. 

Corrib  Lough, 18,  n.,  21,  rc. 

,  waters  of,     ...     .    28,  n. 

Corrine,  barony  of,  its  lands,  .  .  343,  344 
Council  book  (original),  Dublin  Castle, 

quotations  from, 294,  295 

Coverdale  (Myles), 442 

Cowlovlyn 347,  n. 

Cowly  (Robertus),  Magist.  Rotul.  Reg. 

Cancel.  Hibern., 232 

Crest  of  O'Flaherty 363,  ib.  n. 

Crocodile  (Irish), 19,  k. 

extraordinary   attack  of  a,     19, 

20 
Croghan,  hill  of, 141 

Cromlin  river, 62,  ib.  n.,  63 

Crompan,  creeke  of, 62 

Cromwell,  time  of, 78,  79 

Cronan  (St.), 75,  n. 

Crua  island, 1 14,  n. 

Cruagh  na  Kily, 102,  ib.  ;/. 

Cruach-Patrick,  mountain  of,  in  Mayo. 

31,  n. 

Cruachan, 142 

,  King  of, 143 

Cruagh  Coelann, 102,  ib.  n. 

Cruagh-ar-ni-may, 114 

Cruagh  mhic  Dara 97,  ib.  n. 

Cruana  (St.)  church, 370,  n. 

Cruanakeely, 102,  n. 

Culfinn  river 120 

Cumin's  (St.)  well, 53,  ib.  n. 

Cure,  extraordinary,  at  St.  Augustine's 

well,  near  Galway,  A.  D.  1673,       .  88,  ». 
Curry  (Eugene),  Esq., 95,  n. 


Page. 


D. 


Dalcassians,  the, .374 

Dal-Messincorb  family,       ...     87,  ib.  n. 

Danann  nation, \h,  20,  21 

Danes  or  Normans, 441 

Danes  of  Limerick 22,  ib.  n. 

Darcys  (the)  of  Galway, H 

Darcy  (James),  mayor  of  Galway,  7 
Darcy  (James  Reagh),  his  house,      .     .     34 
Dathy,  the  last  Irish    pagan  king:  mo- 
nument of, )4| 

Daughters  (seven),  well  of  the,     .     .  109,  n. 
Dealbhna  Feadha,  ancient  territory  of, 

52,  n. 

De  Burgos  (the) 149,  273 

De  Burgo  (William  Fitz  Adelm),     378,  379 

Dede  of  delyveraunce, 203 

Deer  (large  red),  .     .   121,  ib.  n.,  122,  ib.  n. 

Destitution  amongst  the  Irish  gentry,      427, 

ib.  Jt..  42t\  ib.  n. 

Develyn  (James),  portriffe  of  Galway,   .     34 

Develyn's  arms, 34,  ib.  n. 

Digby  (John), ^7  n. 

Dillon  (Theobald), M0 

Dillon's  arms, 34 

Dinn  Seanchus,  quoted 16 

Dogs, 114.  ill.  n. 

Dominick's  (St.;   abbey,   <t    abbey   of 

Tombeola,  near  Galway -2":i 

Dominick's  (St.)  Order,      39,  4n.  IU5,  ib.  n. 
Domnach  Patruig.  church  of.  .     .     .     .    U- 
Donegall,  rats  of,       .....        -    I    _ 
Donemore,  barony  of.  indenture  of  its 

lands, 329,  330 

Donkillin.  barony  of.  its  lands.      .     324,  325 
Donoman,  castle  of.    See  Dunaman. 
Dovarchu,  i.  e.  a  water  dog,    .     ...     90 

Down,  castle  of. 113,26 

Downe,  county  of, 41  i 


45' 


Page. 
Downing   (Robert),   his   description   of 

Mayo  quoted, 4  k. 

Dowras, 118 

,  haven  of,      .     .     .     118,  ib.  n.,  119 

Drobhais  river, 125 

Drogheda, 85,  n. 

Dromahire, 346,  n. 

Drowes  river, 125 

Duach  Teangumha, 364,  ib.  n. 

Dubh-Cathair, 77  n. 

Dublin, 33 

and  Galway,  a  comparison  be- 
tween, from  1600  to  1650,    .     .     .     .421 

(old),  castle  built 434 

,  county  of, 415 

,  Ostmansof,      ....     441,442 

Duck  Island, 109,  ib.  n.,  110 

Duleasg .     .     99,  ib.  n. 

Dun,  town  of, 30 

Dun^Engus,      .     .     .      76,  ib.  n.,  77,  ib.  n. 

,  cliff  of, 66,  n. 

— — ,  fortress  of,  .     .     .  77  n.,  78,  n. 

Dunaman, 377 

, ,  castle  of,    .     25,  ib.  n.,  26,  n.,  32 

Dun  Conchobhair, 77,  n. 

Dun  Eden, 30 

Dun  Eoghanact, 77,  n. 

Dun  Eochla ib. 

Dunkellin, 3,n. 

,  barony  of, 30 

Dunloe,  castle  of,  built, 31 

Dunmore,  barony  of,       ....    94,  ib.  n. 
Duwaghta,  river  of, 50,  ib.  n. 

E. 

Earl's  island 46,  ib.  n.,  47 

Easdara  abbey  in  Sligoe 113 

Easroe, 1,  n. 

,  salmon  leap  of, 7 

3M 


Page. 
Easter,  national  controversy  on  the  time 

proper  for  holding, 439 

Eastern  Isle, 86,  n 

Eastmeath,  county  of, 415 

Echinis, 23,  ib.  n. 

Edenburow, 30 

Education  in  fifteenth  century,  Galway,    215 

,   "  studying  beyond  the  Seas,"  405 

Edwardus  III.,  Rex  Angl.,     ....     33 

Edward  (King)  VI., 232 

Eel,   knife   and    purse,    story    of  the,     50, 

ib.  n. 

Egbert  (S.) 439 

Elections, 38 

Elizabeth  (Queen),    ...      78,  ib.  n.,  384 

,  or  the  "  ugly  hag,"  387 

,  her  Government  in 

Ireland,  .  .  .  .  395  n.,  420,  ib.  n. 
— — .composition  between, 

and  the  Lords,  &c,  of  Connaught,  .  299 
,  her  letter  in  favour  of 

Connor,  earl  of  Thomond,    359,  360,  361, 

362 
Enachduin,  or  Enaghdun,  .     .     .       154-156 

,  bishop  of,  .     .     .     .     155,  156 

,  Bulls  relating  to  the  dio- 
cese of,    156-179 

diocese, 218,  sq. 

,  extent  of  diocese  of,  .     3,  n.,  33 

,  cathedral  of, 1,6 

Enagh  Coclain, 23,  24 

Endeus  (St.) 74,  n.,  75,  n. 

,  his  life  quoted,    .     .     .      42,  n. 

England,  Commonwealth  of,    ....     41 
,  the  Irish  chiefs  and  persons 

of  rank  educated  there,  .  .  .  420,  ib.  n. 
English  (the),  their  knowledge  of  Iar- 

Connaught  before  1500,  .  ...  383 
English  families  in  Connaught,  .  .  .  308 
"  English  taverns"  of  Connaught,  251,  252 
2 


452 


Page,   j 
English  and  Irish  (some  account  of  the) 

at  the  time  of  the  Rebellion  of  1641,    406, 
ib.  n. ,  407,  ib.  n. 

Engus,  of  Dun-Engus 86 

Engus-kele-de, 91 

Engus,  King  of  Munster 79 

Enna  (St.),  patron  of  Aran,       23,  61,  ib.  n., 
79,  ib.  7i.,  81,88,  97 

,  his  church, 82 

,  chappell  of, 83 

,  where  buried 83 

Enoregremore,  alias  Irrish,  barony  of, 

lands  of, 333,  334 

Eochie  mac  Lughti,  his  head,  "as  big  as 

anye  cauldron,'" 416,  n. 

Eochoill,  village  of 77,  n. 

Eochaidh  Muighmhiadhoin,    ....  364 
Eoghan  Beul,    King   of  Connaught,  33,  n., 

185 

Eoghan,  clan, 401 

Eoghan  coir,  a  song  in  Irish,  .     .     292,  293 

Erla  family, 273 

(Philippus),  films  Willielmi,     .     .   196 

Erris,  barony  of, 73,  n. 

Estates,  reclaiming  of,    .     .     .     .     211,212 
Eughter,    Mac     William,      300,    301,    307, 

335 

Evil  spirits, 69,  ib.  n. 

,  the  craft  of,  .     .      261,  262,  263 

Europe  before  1 100, 372,  373 

Eyre-Conaght,   lands    of,   indenture   of 

the 309,  sq. 

,  the  divisions  of,     .     310,311 

Examination  taken  before  Robert  Clarke, 

Esq.,  one  of  the  Justices  of  Galway, 

408,  sq 
Excommunicato  contra  Malefactores  in 

Collegium, 167 

Extraordinary  apparitions,  superstitions, 

&c, 261,262 


Failmir,  river  of, Hi 

Family  systems,   Scotland  and  Ireland,  372, 
373,  ib.  n.,  374.  n. 

Famine  in  1674, 88 

Fanatics, 

Fasting  days, 13,  ib.  n. 

Fearmore 

Fearta  Geige 377 

Fechin  (St.),      106,  ib.  n.,  112,  n.,  1 13,  1 15, 

-" 

,  abbey  dedicated  to,  ... 

,  monastery   founded   by,      7.  «-. 

114.  n. 

,  wells  in  memory   of,    106,  113, 

120,  121,  h. 

Fedlim,  King  of  Connauyht,    .     .     .     .     . 

Fenagh,  in  the  County  Leitrim,    .  .110 

Feudal  system 372.  373 

Fidhnac  (abbey  of), 110 

Finnis, 91.  ib.  «. 

Finntan's  eminence, 371,  *. 

Fiannchaom 93.  n. 

Firbolgs.     See  Belw  ■ 

Firbolg  chieftains )<i5,  n. 

Fish  (various).  11.  12,  1 8,  1  '.*.  -      87,  S 
44,  49,50,  52,  53,  59,  61,  ib.  n..         72, 

73,  n.,  95,  97    102,  106,  108,118 

,  a  monster, 

,  names  of,  in  Irish, .     .  11.  ib.  n. 

Fishing, 183,  1-4 

Fishing  colonies  in  Ireland 4. 

Fiton  (Sir  Edward),   President  in  Con- 
naught 

Fitz  Gerald  (Maurice),  ....    51,  ib.  n. 

Fitzpatricks  (the)  of  Aran,     429.  ib.  n..  430. 

ib.  n. 

Fitz  William     Sir    William),    Kniirkr. 
Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland, 


45 


Page. 
Flaherty  (Michael),  of  Parke,  gent.,      .  429 

(Sir  Moragh),  of  Ahgnenure,    60, 

ib.  n. 
Flahertie  (Roger)  of  Moycullin,  our  au- 
thor's grandfather,      ....     387,  388 

. A  "  brief  noate"  of  his 

damages  and  lostes,  caused  by  "  Mo- 
roghe  na  doe  O'Flahertie"  and  fol- 
lowers,        388-395 

Flanan  (St.),  first  bishop  of  Killaloe,  24,  109, 

ib.  n. 

■ .,  his  church, 112 

Flet  (Roger  de),  Seneschal  of  Connaught,     47 

For  an  more, 231 

Forbagh,  river  of, 61,  ib.  n. 

Ford  of  the  Kings 84 

Fordremon  (Lough)  in  Kerry,      ...     43 

Formnamor  mountains 8,  45 

Fortification,  old, 86,  ib.  n. 

Fothart,  house  of, 113 

Fovar,  abbey  of,  in  Meath 113 

Four  Masters  (the),  Annalists,    seldom 

wrong, 286,  ib.  n. 

Fowl, 95 

Foxes,  hares,  &c,  abhorred  by  the  fisher- 
men of  Galway  .     .     .     .     100, «.,  101,  n. 
Francis  ( St.),  abbey,  Galway,      ...     38 
— ,   £5   be- 
queathed to  the  friars  of  by  Richard 
Martin  for  their  prayers  for  his  soul,    418 

Franklin, 72,  n. 

French  (Anthony)  Fitz-Peter,      ...     36 

■ — - — -  (Nicolas  Oge) 244 

(Oliver  Oge),  Mayor,  ....     40 

(Sir  Peter), 37 

French  mice, 82,  ib.  /;. 

Fryar's  isle, 28,  114,  ib.  n. 

Fryer's  House  of  Balinrobe,    ....  251 

Fuathaidh,  castle  of, 384 

Fuogh,  bridge  of, 53 


Page. 

Fuogh,  castle  of, 53 

,  river  of, 52 

Furanmor,  Bulla  pro      ....     165,  166 

,  Collacio  Archiepiscopi  super 

Rectoriam  et  Vicariam  de,    .     .     .     .217 
Furse  (St.),  of  Perone,        .     .     .  22,  ib.,  n. 

Fursey  (St.), 75,  n. 

— .,  his  church,    .     .     .     .  371,  n. 

Fyshe-townes, 361,  362 

G. 

Gailleamh 28,  n.,  29,  n. 

Gaillve,  Dunbo  na, 30 

Gairge,  river  of, 46 

Gallene,  barony  of,  lands  of,    ...     .  334 

Galloglas, 361 

Galway,  6,  8,  ib.  n.,  11,  27,  28,  33,  ib.  n.,  41, 
43,  59,  60,  61, 65, 72,  84,  85,  102,  125,  203 
,  next  to  Dublin,  the  most  distin- 
guished place  in  Ireland  from  1600  to 

1650, 421 

,  taken  and  plundered,  ...  34,  n. 

,  bay  of,  37,  42,  ib.  «.,  52,  53,  244,  245 

Bay,  herring  fishery  of,    .     .     .     63 

,  castle  of, 31,32 

,  castle  of,  demolished,     25,  ib.  »,,  31 

,  county  of,  36,  94,  126,  302,  413,414 

,  town  of,  .     27,  ib.  «.,  30,  55,  57,  n. 

,  besieged  by  the   Parliamentary 

forces  in  1651, 41,42 

,  burned 32 

,  annals  of, 3 1 ,  sq. 

key  (i.  e.  quay), 33 

,  assizes  of, 37 

,  marshall  law  of, 37 

,  annual  magistrates  or  portriffs  of,    34 

,  sheriffs  of, 36 

,  governours  of, 37 

,  mayor  of, 35,  «.,  36 


454 


Page. 
Gal  way,  (Mayor  of;,  communication  con- 
cerning the  battle  of  Athenry,       271,  272 

,  poor  maydens  of,         ...     36,  n. 

,  people  of, 16,  n. 

,  corporation  of, 36 

,  liberties  of  the  town  of,    .     .10,36 

,  St.  Augustine's  well,  .  89,  n  ,  90,  n. 

,  river  of,  7,  21,  27.  28,  29,  50,  52, 

53,  55 

,  river  of,  dried  up,       ....  377 

,  sea-point  of, 72 

,  college  of,     .     .     .       214,  215,  222 

,  an  order  on  behalf  of  the  col- 


ledge  of, 228,  229 

,  old  collegiate  library,      .     .     .391 

,  Dun  of  Galway 31 

,  burned, 32 

,  fishermen  of, 62 

,  fish, 63 

,  Blakes  of, 32 

,  the  Lynches  of,      ....     36,  n. 

,  Christmas  in, 35,  n. 

hospitality 35.  n. 


Galvie,  Vardianus, 226,  227 

Garmna, 64,  n.,  65 

Gauls  (ancient), 30 

Gill,  a  fisherman  of  Galway,  curious  ac- 
count of  the  death  of,      .     .     .   100,  ib.  n. 
Giraldus  Cambrensis.     See  Camden. 

Glentre[s]ky, 46,  ib.  n. 

Glindalough,  abbot  of, 88 

Gnobeg 252,  255 

,  on  the  East, 62 

,  on  the  South, 52 

,  lands  of, 388 

,  depositions  concerning  the  an- 
cient  proprietors   of    the   lands    of,   391, 

392 
Gnobegge,  processus  de,  .  .  .  174,  178 
Gnomore, 252,  253 


Page. 

Gnomore,  parishes  of, 54 

,  on  the  North, 52 

,  on  the  West 82 

Gnowbeg,  bulla  pro  paroehia  de,     .  156.  sq. 

Goban  (St.) 75,  n. 

Gobnat  (St.),  Virgin,  chappell  of,    .     .     91 

Golamhead 71,91 

■,  cape  of, 65,  92 

Gormgal  (St.), 114,n.,  115 

Grana  Weale 116,  n.,  402 

Graveyard  (St.  Colman's),  88,  ib.  n.,  89,  n. 
Gray  (Lord  Leonard),  indenture  of.  to 

King  Henry  VIII., 3^3 

Great  Man's  Haven,       .  63,  ib.  n.,  64,  ib.  n. 

Great  Man's  Bay, 63,  ib.  n. 

Gregans,  castle  and  barony  of,      .     .     .  246 
Gregory  (St.),  the  Great,  .     .     .     80,  ib.  n. 

Gregory's  Sound, 80,  a.,  84 

Gregory,  the  real  name  of  St.  Ceannan- 

nach 80,  n. 

Guizot.  (M.),  his   General    History   of 

Civilization  in  Europe,  quoted,      .     .27 

H. 

Hackets,  the  English  families  of,       .     .    1 48 

Hacket  castle [48 

Hag  castle,       .     .       18.  ib.  n..  32,  18j.  186 

Hag  Island,  castle  of. 25 

Harbours,         99,  n. 

(See  Loughmore  Lake),    .     87 

Harris's  Ware,  quoted,       .     .     .     .   105,  a. 

Haselope  (Francis),  gent 431, a. 

Hanmer  (Dr.  Meredith).    Treasurer  of 

Christ  Church  Cathedral,  Dublin,     .  441 
Hawkes  (Irish),   67,  ib.   n.,  115,  ib.  n.,  IIS, 

ib.  n. 

Headford, 371,  n. 

Hebrigge  (Thomas  de) 195 

Hen's  Island, 24 


455 


Page. 
Henry  III.,  King  of  England,  .  379,  380 
Henry  VIII.,   King  of  England,     230,     sq. 

361,  383 
Hermits  (St.  Augustin's  order  of),  con- 
vent of,         40 

Hibernia  Curiosa  quoted,    ....     57,  n. 

High  Island, 114 

Holly  wood  of  Artain,    .     .     .     .     152,153 

Holy  wells 1 20 

Horse  Island,  .......    23,  ib.  n. 

Horse's-shore, 83,  ib.  n.,  84 

Hospital  (St.  Bridgit's), 40 

Houses,  thatched, 86,  n. 

Hunting, 121,  n. 

Hy,  abbey  of,  St.  Columb's  order  of,     .  439 
Hy-Briuin,  race  of,     .     .      135,  137,  363,  n. 

,  territories  of, 374 

. Seola,  description   of  from 

ancient  MS. 368 

Hy-Fiachrach,  "  Genealogies,    Tribes, 
and  Customs  of,"  quote  d,  .     .    246,  247 

,  territories  of,    .     .     .     .  374 

Hyfiaghry  Aidhne, 51,  ib.  n. 

Hy- Maine,  lords  and  chiefs  of,      .      .     .144 

I. 

Iar-Connaught.     See  Connaught. 

Imaire-an  Linain, 49,  ib.  n.,  51 

Imaireboy, 73 

Imany,  lands  in,     .     .     .    318,319,320,321 
Imay,       ....    112,  ib.  n.,  1 14,  1 15,  279 

Inchagoill 24,  ib.  n. 

Indentures  of  composition,  1585,  for  the 

territory  of  Iar-Connaught,  .     .     309,310 
Indenture  of  composition,  "Many  O'Kel- 

le's  country," 318 

O'Madden's 

country, 321,  322,  323 

Inis  an  Ghoill 24,  ib.  n.,  186,  187 


Page. 
Inis  an  Ghoill,  how  it  derives  its  name,  .     24 

,  its  chappells,    ....     24 

Inis-ark, 115,  ib.  n.,  1 16,  118 

Iniscreawa,  island  of,      ....    25,  ib.  n. 

Inis-flanann, 24,  ib.  n. 

Inisgerraun, 23,  ib.  n. 

Inisglory, 81,  ib.  n. 

Inisgluaire, ib. 

Inis-hiarthuir, 115 

lnisleth-dhuine, 108 

Inismacaw  church, 64,  ib.  n. 

Inisnee  island, 104,  105, 108 

Inisoirthir 86,  ib.  n. 

Inistuirk,  island  of. 1 1 2,  ib.  n. 

Inis  ui  chuinn, 22,  n. 

Innescartts,  island  of, 361 

Innocent  (Pope)   VIII.,  Bull    of,  156,  157- 

160 

Insequin, 22,  ib.  n. 

Insicreawa  (Macamh), 25 

Insimictrir, 22 

Inveran 62,  ib.  n. 

,  castle  of, 62 

Inverglassan,  river, 97,  ib.  re. 

Invermore, 97,  w. 

Joas,    or  Joyce,  Welsh  family  of  (see 

Joyce) 45 

Ireland,  Lord  Deputy  of,    ...     .    26,  42 

had  no  archbishop  till  1152,    .  438 

Irish  Annals  quoted, 28,  29 

Archaeological  Society,  publication 

of  for  1844,  noticed,    ....     246,247 

Catholics,  national  assembly  of  at 

Kilkenny, 432 

chieftains, 395,  re. 

,  description  of  the  esta- 
blishment and  dependencies  of,       369-372 

descent  (ancient), 127 

history   in  the    twelfth    century,  374, 

375-378 


456 


Page. 
Irish  history  in  the  thirteenth  century, 

378-382 
Privy  Council  (books  of  the),  dur- 
ing the  Protectorate,  quotations  from,   4 1 3, 

414 
- — -  and  Scotch  clans,    .    372,  n.,  373,  ib.  n. 

(Wild)  of  Connaught,     .     .     .     57,  n. 

Iron  mines, 13,  n. 

Irrish,   alias   Envryremore,  barony  of, 

lands  of, 333,  334 

Irros, 96 

Irrosainhagh 71,97,101,102 

Irrosbeg  haven 108 

hill 71,108 

Irros  Downan,      ....      73,  ib.  «.,  116 

,  sea  of, 81,82 

lrrosflannan, 112 

Irrosflannan  Point, Ill 

Italy 79 


James   I.,  King  of  England,  79,  236,  240, 

241,420,  n. 
Jewells  of  the  church  of  St.  Nicholas, 

curious  mortgage  of, 230 

Jocelinus  Vita  S.  Patricii  quoted,      .     .      15 
Journal,  (Dublin  Penny),  A.  D.  1833,  a 

mistake  corrected, 420,  n. 

Joyes  (Domini  Gregorii),  Genealogia,  248,249 
Joyce  countrey,   44,  ib.  ».,  52,  94,  119,  120, 

246,  247 
Joyces  (the)  account  of,  ...  16,  n.,  247 
,  their  first  settlement  in  Iar- 

Connaught, 382 

Joyce  (Edward  Grana),  of  Kilbride,  gent., 

45,  n. 

(Margaret),  Fitz-John,       ...     40 

Joyseorum    familia,    pernobilis  et  per- 

vetusta, 248,  249 


Page. 
Judge  (of  assizes)  fined,      .     .     .    37,  ib.  m. 

Julius  (Pope)  II.,  Bulb  of,      .     .      171-179 
Jurisdiction   of  the  Archbishop  of  Can- 
terbury in  Ireland,      ....     437-442 

Jury  (Galway), 295-296 

Jordan  Island, 

K. 

Kt-anngualainn, 64,  I 

Kells,  church  of,  in  Meath, 44" 

Kennanack    (St.),     (see     Ceannaruicfi,. 

his  chappell 86,118*119, 

ib.  n. 

Kenerg  (St.), 86,  ib.  n. 

Kenlagh,  eccles.  de -JJ4 

Kennlemy, 109 

Keara, 3,  n. 

,  barony  of, 17 

,  (Lough),        Ifi 

Kerra,  barony  of,  lands  of,       ...  45.  334 

Kerry, 43,  o) 

Kerry,  county  of, 415 

Kerryhead,  Cape  of, 66 

Kevin  (St.),  of  Glendalough,    .     .     .    87 

Kit-ran  (St.), 79,  80 

,  chapel  of 74.  n. 

,  church  of, 

,  his  hill, 97,  *. 

Kilanhin,  parish  of,   ....    54,  ib.  n..  61 
Kilbannon,  burned  by  the  English,    .     .      "" 

Kilbride, 45.  ib.  R 

Kilcahil, 369,  ib.  n. 

Kilcumin.  parish  church  of,     .     .    53,  ib.  n. 

Kildare,  county  of. 415 

Earl  of,       ....   149.150,151 

Kilkenny,  council  of  war  held  at.  413,  414. 

415 

Kilkilvery 370.  ib.  n. 

Killarv 44.  n. 


45 

Page. 

Killary,  Little 119,  «. 

Killcahill,  burned  by  tbe  English,     .     .  377 

Kill-Choemhain, 75,  n. 

Kilconnell,  barony  of,     .     .     .     .     •     .319 

Kilcoona 370,  ib.  n. 

Kill-Enda,  church  of, 74,  n. 

Killetaraghe,  barony  of,  its  lands,     .     .  324 
Kill-Gradh-an-Domhain,     .     .     .     .     75,  n. 

Killin 7,  ib.  n. 

,  lands  of, 64,  ib.  n. 

Killmayn  barony,       .     ....     .     .     94 

Kill  na  Cailan, 370,  ib.  n. 

Kill-na-manach, 74,  n. 

church 84 

Killoony,  castle  of,  built 31 

Killower,- 370,  ib.n.,  371,  n. 

Killursa,     .     .     . 371,  ib.  re. 

Kilmain, 2,  n.,  379 

Kilmaine,  burned  by  the  English,      .     .  377 

Kilmayn,  barony  of, 17,  18,  21 

Kilmean,  barony  of,  lands  of,  .     .     .     .  333 

Kilnamanagh,  . 370,  re. 

Kilt,  or  philabeg,  of  the  Highlanders  of 

Scotland 407,  re. 

Kings  of  Connaught, 144 

. ,  palace  or  ancient 

residence  of, 141 

. ,  inauguration  of,  1 39,  sq. 

. ,    stipends   paid  to 

the  chief  Lords  by, 139,  sq. 

(Christian)  of  Connaught,        128,  sq. 

King's  supremacy, 228 

King's  Bench,  Court  of,  Dublin.    Trial 

of  Robert  Martin  in  1735,    .     .     295,296 

King's  County, 415 

King's  (the)  sword 36 

Kirke  castle, 32 

. isle,  .     ...     .     .     .  24,  ib.  re.,  25 

. island,  castle  of,  demolished,  .     .     25 

Kirvan  (Richard), 244 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.    1 5. 


7 

Page. 

Kir  wan  (Bishop) 41,  n. 

Knock, 108 

Knocktow,  battle  of,       ....      149-154 

Knocktuaskert, 1 1 1 

Koelshaly  Roe, 44,  ib.  n.,  45 

Koylagh, 61 

Kulmaile,  castle  of,  built 31 

Kylcomyn, 231 

Kyllcommyn,  ecclesia  de, 222 

Kyllruyn,  ecclesia  de ib. 

Kyltullaghmore,  castell  of,       .     .     .     .211 
Kynmara,  Bulla  pro  Vicariis  de,  .      168-171 

L. 

Lackagh,  townland  of,  .     .     .     .  369,  ib.  n. 

Lacy  (Hugh  de) 36,  51,  52 

. .  (William  de), 36 

Laidir  (Edmond) 118,  n. 

Lakes, 99,  n. 

■ (ancient)  of  Ireland,       ....     43 

Lammas-day, 34 

Land,  sums  paid  by  landholders  for  ma- 
nuring of, 307,  308 

Lands,  seizure  of, 192,  sq. 

,  division  of, 203 

Landlords  (tyrannic)  of  Connaught,      57,  n. 

Lanfranc  (S.), 441 

Lanigan  (Dr.)  noticed,       ....     76,  n. 

Latocnaye  (Monsr.), 21,  n. 

Lawroill, 64,  re.,  65 

Lawsuit  in  Ireland  in  1717,     ....  429 

Leaba  Phadruig, 117,  w. 

Leabhar  na  g-ceart  quoted,     .     .      142,  443 

Leac  Leo 115,  re. 

Leac  Sinach, 102 

Leaght  Fathacan  river 120 

Leamhchoill, 84,  ib.  n. 

Ledwich's  Antiq.  quoted,  13,  re.,  80,  re.,  81,  re. 
Leeches, 19,  ib.  n. 

N 


458 


Page. 

Leenane,  ridge  of, 49,  ib.  n. 

Lhuyd  (Edward)  author  of  Archasologia 
Britannica,  remarks  on,  .     .     .  427,  ib.  n. 

Leinster, 88 

,  English  forces  of,      ....     52 

,    (king   of),    seven    daughters 

ofa, 14 

Leitrim,  barony  of,  its  lands,  325,  326,  346,  n., 

348,  n. 

.boundaries  of,     .     .  347,  n.,  348,  n. 

,  county  of, 94,  413 

,  Earl  of,  copies  from  MSS.  in 

his  possession,     .     .     .  431-434,  437-442 
Leland  (Dr.  Thomas),  late  librarian  in 

Trin.  Coll.  Library,  Dub 135 

Lemonfield,  lands  of, 416,  n. 

Leo  (St.), 117 

Lestrange  (Sir  Thomas),    .     .     .     239,  240 

Letter  Melan, 64,  n.,  65 

. castle, 65 

Lienot  (Nicholas), 47 

Lienots  (the),  or  Lynotts     ....      ib.  n. 
Limenueh,  or  Darerca,  sister  of  St.  Pa- 
trick,   187 

Limerick 415 

,  bay  of, 43 

,  Ostmans  of,  .     .     .     .     431,  442 

Linan  Kinmara,  river,    .     .     .  50,  ib.  n.,51 

Linch.     See  Lynch. 

Lismore,  Book  of,     ...     .    95,  n.,  96.  w. 

Lizards, 363,  n. 

Loch  bo  finne 116,  n. 

Loch-Sealga, 148 

Lodge's  Peerage  of  Ireland,  remark  on,  241 

Loghmesg.     See  Mask  {Lough). 

Lombard,  l)e  regno  Hibernice,       .     .     14  n. 

Lonan  (Lough), 54.  ib.  n„  55 

Longforde,  barony  of,  its  lands,    .     .     .  322 

,  county  of, 93,415 

Lough-fordremyn,  in  Kerry,  ....     43 


Page. 

Lough-  Hacket, 14- 

Loughmore  Lake, ti7.  /(. 

Lcugh-na-fohy  Lake, 46 

Lough-na-keanainne,  Poole  of,      .     84,  ib.  «. 

Lough-reagh 39 

Loughreaghe,  barony,  lands  of,    .     233,  2-34 
Lucius  (Gratianus),  or  Dr.  John  Lynch. 

author  of  Cambrensis  E  versus,  not 

of, 420,  ib.  n,  421,  424 

,  bisCambretui*  Ever- 

sus 308,  «..  4S-2. 

,  his   Vita    Kiroroni 

quoted,    ....  .     ...    16,  a. 

Lugnaedon,  son  of  Limenueh,       .     .     .1^7 

Lugny,        113 

Lurgan  (Lough),  .     43,  ib.  n.,  92,  244.  _'45 

Lynches  of  Galway, 33 

Lynch    (Alexander),   conductor   of  the 

famous  Galway  school  in  1608,   4'JO.  ib.  u. 

- 'Andrew), 

(Dominick     Duff'e      Fitz-John, 

Mayor  of  Galway, 35 

,  (Edmond),  Fitz-Thomas.      .     .     :>h 

(Sir  Henry),  Bart :i<>,  n. 

(Dr.  John),  author  of  Cambrem~ 

«»  Eoersus.     See  Lucuu  {(jratiu 
(John),   Fitz-Richard,  Mayor  of 

Galway,        

(Juliana),  Dispensacio  Maritagii 

pro  Valtero  Blake  et  .     .     .     .      216,217 

(Nicolas),  of  Barney,  in  Ga  _ 

(Pierce)  Fitz-John  Boy.   .     .     .  235 

(Richard)  Fitz-James,      .     .     .     3«J 


Lynche   (Sandar.),    et     Anastacia 
uxor,  Lettrs  of  Confraternitj  from  tht- 

Priara  Minors  for, 

Lynch  (Stephen)  Fitz-Domenick  Duffe, 

Mayor  of  Galway, 40 

(Thomas)  Fitz- Ambrose. 

(Thomas)  Fitz-Stephen, .      .     .     -»i' 


459 


Page. 

Lynotts  (the) 47,  ib.  re. 

Lyonell,  Duke  of  Clarence,  ....  33 
Lyssegowle, 347,  re. 

M. 

Maaree, 42,  re. 

Mabillon  de  Re  Diplomatica,    ....  438 

Mac  Alloid  (Orbsen), 20,  55 

Mc  Anathmore  [Uathmore]  (Engus),  78,  ib.  n. 
Mac  an  Iarlas,  sons  of  the  Earl  of  Clan- 

ricarde 387 

Mac  Aodha  (Malachias),  Archbishop  of 

Tuam 5,  6,  n.,  47 

Mc  Brian  (Dermott),  of  Tullykean,       .  393 

Mac-con  (Lugad), 43 

Mac  Conrys  (the),  ■  .  .  .  .281,282 
Mac  Costilo's  country,  its  lands,  .  339,  340 
Mac  Cuilenain  (Cormac),  his  "  Glossary" 

quoted, 20,  re. 

Mac  Cullagh  (James),  Esq.,  F.T.C.D.,  8,  n. 
Mac  Dara(St.),  97,  n.,  98,  ib.  re.,  100,  ib.  n., 

101,  ib.  n. 

,  church  of, 98,  n. 

,  statue  of,  .     .     98,  ib.  n.,  99,  ib.  n. 

island, 102 

Mac  Davy  (Hubert  Burke),  Knt.,  .  .  329 
Mac  Davy's  country,    indenture   of  its 

lands, 327,  328,  329 

Mc  Dermod  (Bryen) 356,  357 

Mac  Dermott's  country,  its  lands,  352-358 
Mc  Donell  (Morertagh)  of  the  Spiddle,  393, 

394 
Mc  Donkyth  (Mayst  Manes)  ys  dede,     .  205 
Mac  Duach  (St.),  church  of,  .     .     .     75,  re. 
Mc  Enry  (Bryan),  last  will  and  testa- 
ment of, 282 

Mac  Feorais, 85,  n. 

Mac  Firbis  (Duald)  of  Lecane,  362,  363,  421, 

422 
3N 


Page. 

Mac  Geoghegans,   the  ancient  Irish  fa- 
mily of,  ...     .     109,  n.,  276,  277,  278 
Mac  Geoghegan,  his  translation  of  the 
Annals  of  Clonmacnoise,  quoted,     398,  n., 

416,  n. 
Mc  Ghoill  (William),  fisherman,  .  .  50 
Mc  Gilleduff  Shoyogh  [or  Joyce]  (Mo- 

rogh)  of  Sean  Ballyard, 393 

Mac  Huathmor  (Connor),       ....     86 
Mac  Hugh.     See  Mac  Aodha. 
Mackensie's  chart,  remarks  on,      .     .    63,  n. 
Mac  Lir  (Manannan),   .  20,  n.,  21,  n.,  55, 

111,263,  re. 

Mac  Longius  (St.), 74,  re. 

Mac    Murroughe   (Dermott)   of  Bally- 

mulgromie, 392 

Mac  Sweeny  (Michael),  .  .  .  .  112,  n. 
Mac  Sweeny's  song  of  the  Plica,  or  gob- 
lin (in  Irish  ),...,..  283,  sq. 
Mc  Teige  (Owen),  of  Clonduff,  .  .  .393 
Mac  Williams  (the),  .  .300,301,307,338 
Mac  William,  of  Clanrickard,  .  .  .149 
Magherylayny,  barony    of,    its  lands,    342, 

343 
Magh   Macruimhe,    famous    battle   of,    43, 

ib.  7i.,  147 

Magh  Seola, 126 

,  plains  of, 147 

Mainistir  Connachtach,        ....     74,  n. 

Malachy  (S.), 400,  401 

Mam, 120,  ib.  re. 

Mam-eich, 120 

Mam-en, 120,  121 

Mam-tuirk, ib. 

Manannan.     See  Mac  Lir. 

Manin  Bay, Ill,  ib.  re. 

Manure,  cow-dung  used  as  a,    67,  ib.  n.,  68, 

ib.  7i. 

Marescallus  (Wellielmus), 33 

Marshalls  of  Galway,     .......     ib. 


460 


Page. 
Marriage  Dispensacion  for  Juliana  and 

Walter  Blake 216,  217 

. for  Nicholas  and 

Sescilia  Blake, 233 

Martin  (Oliver), 38 

(Patrick) 36 

(Richard),  Esq.,  a  learned  Irish 

antiquary, 429 

(Richard),  a  "rank  Papist,"  lands 


granted  to, 418 

(Richard), 416 

(Robert), 118,  w. 

-,  Major  of  Gal  way,       .     37 

,  trial  of,    .     .     .     295,  296 

—  (William),  mayoralty  time  of,    .     36 


Martin's   Western  Islands,   quoted,      12,  n., 
372,  n.,373,  n. 

Mary  (St.),  church  of, 74,  n. 

Mask  (Lough),  or  Measg,    7,  ib.  n.,  17,  n., 
33,  45,  44,  n.,  46,  47,  48,  49,  185 

,  its  connexion  with  Lough 

Corrib, 18,  B. 

• ,  length  of, 17 

■ ,  Castle,  17,  ib.  ».,  18,  ib.  n.,  47 


Mason-head, 97,  ib.  n.  99 

Mathias  (St.),  chapel  of, 104 

Mayo, 11,  125 

,  boundaries  of,     .     .     331,  n.,  332,  n. 

,  County  of,  17,  43,  44,  ib.  n.,  94,  300, 

301,  302,  413 

,  indenture  of  the  lands 

of  the, 331,^. 

,  Theobald,  first  Viscount,   .    269,  270 


Mayors, 34,  36 

Meary 231 

Maculyn,  Bulla  pro  Ecclesia  de,  .     163-165 

Meldan  (St.), 22,  ib.  n. 

Mendoza  (John  Gonsales),  remarks  on 

his  "  China," 435,  436 

Meray,  Bulla  pro, 165,166 


Page. 

Merchant  ship  plundered  in  Conmaicne- 
mara,  in  Iar-Connaught,       .     .        361,  n. 

Mevay,  Vicaria  de 217,218 

Michael  (St.),  Archangel 53 

Michaelmas  Day 

Miles  in  Connaught,  long,  .     .    6,  n.,  21.  n. 

Minna, 62,  n. 

Miny, 62,  ib.  n. 

Misdemeanors, 16,  n. 

Moculyn,  resignatio  vicarie  de,      .     219.  .. 

Moerras, 63,  ib.  w. 

Molyneux  (Mr.),  his  Journey  to  Con- 
naught,  quoted, 57.  "• 

(William),  a  letter  to,  concern- 
ing Chinese  Chronology,  from  our  au- 
thor,   4.S4-437 

Money,  Irish, 307 

Monopoly  in  Ireland,      ....     240,  241 

Morey, 125 

Morgadg  of  the  Iuelles  of  St.  Nicolas 
Chyrche,  Galway, 

Morice  (Johanne), 

Morogh  na  Mart, B 

Mothar  Uun, 77,  n. 

M'lthcullen,  decanatus  de.-  ...     17: 

Mountains, 8,  *. 

Mountain  lands  in  County  Galw ay,  .     .   4l'.< 

Movcarnane.  barony  of.  lands  in  the.      .  319 

Moyclea, c>5,  ib.  n. 

Movcullin 55,82,121,231 

,  barony  of.     4.  5.  «..  6.  21,  2-1. 

43,  42.  52.  n..  55,  65,  94,  97,  252.  427 

■.  baronj    of,  summary    of  the 

quarters  of  land  it  contains.       .     310.311 

,  castle  of, 55,  ib.  «. 

.  manor  of, ib. 

,  parish  of  (see  Muchulin  ,  54.  ib.  m., 

55.  01 

Moyle, 346,  n. 

Movlursre,  barony  of.  See  Brn/le.  baronv  of. 


461 


Page. 
Moylurge,  country  of,  lands  of,  .  352-358 
Moyne,  barony  of,  lands  of,  ....  334 
Moynterolyshe-eghtraghe,       ....  349 

oghteragh ib. 

Moyras, 102 

■ ,  church  of, 101,  ib.  n. 

■ ,  parish  of, 97,  n.,  104 

Moy  Seola, 147 

Moytura,  plain  of,     .     .-    .     .     .     7,  n.,  18 

Moyvoela,  castle  of, 147 

Muchulin,  Bulla  pro,  ....  159-161 
Muckinish,  island  of,  ....  245,  246 
Muighmhedloin  (Eochaidh),    .     .     .     .126 

Muinter-Eolais, 94 

Muintir-Fahy 372,  ib.  n. 

Muintir  Murchada,  of  Moy  Seola,  tribe 

of, 126,  362,  sq. 

,  territories  of,     .     .  368 

,  Prince  of,  falls  in  the 

battle  of  Clontarf, 366,  367 

Mulconry, 139 

Munster, 73 

(English  forces  of),      ...     52 

Murchadha  (Muintir).     See  Muinter. 

Muredach,  King  of  Ireland 441 

Murloghmore,  . 102,  ib.  n. 

Murris  (see  Moerras), 63,  n. 

Muryske,  barony  of,  lands  of, .     .     .     .  333 

N. 

Nagnatee, 126 

"  Nation,"   its   signification    in    ancient 

Irish  histories, 382,  ib.  n. 

Nehemias  (St.), 75,  n 

Nicholson  (Bishop),  quoted,  ....  423 
Nicolas  (Sir),  Lord  of  Howth,     .      150,  151 

■ (St.),  Bishope  of  Myra,  in  Licia,   35 

,  Churche  of,  Galway,  215,  216, 

235,  236 


Page. 

Nicolas  (St.),  his  churche,  Galway,  In- 
quisition of  the  duties  and  rights  of,  236,  sq. 

Nicolas,  (Sanct)  Chyrche,  Galway,  iuelles 
of, 230 

(St.),  Church,   Galway,   "  repa- 

racon"  of, 237-240 

Nicolas'  (St.),  Church  in  Galway,  col- 
ledge  of, 34,  ib.  n.,  36 

Nimmo  (Mr.),  his  Report  quoted,  8,  n.,  9,  n. 

Nolan  (Father  Daniel), 40 

Nolan  (Thomas),  of  Ballinrobe,    .     251,252 


O. 


O's  and  Macs 60,  11. 

Oak,  Irish  bog, 13 

O'Brasil, 73 

. ,  enchanted  island  of,  68,  ib.  n.,  70, 

ib.  n. 

,  Book  of,  described,  .     .     .      71,  n. 

O'Brien    (Conor),    third    Earl  of  Tho- 

mond, 384 

(Mahon),  slain,      ....     65,  n. 

■ (Tordelvac),  King  of  the  south- 
ern moyty  of  Ireland, 442 

(Tordelvac),  Lord  of  Tuomond,  31, 

48 
■ (Torlogh),    King  of  Munster, 

and  the  Dalcassians,  war  between,  374,  375 
O'Cadhla,  or  O'Kealy,   (Dr.   Malach.), 

R.  C.  Prelate  in  the  see  of  Tuam,  .  74,  n. 
(Murtagh),  slain  at  the  battle 

of  Clontarf, 366,  367 

O'Canavan  (Dr.),    physician  to  O'Fla- 

herty, 369,  ib.  n, 

Ochoill, 84 

O'Clery  (Cucoigcriche),  one  of  the  Four 

Masters 144,  362 

O'Coney,  or  Coneys,  family  of,  .  .111,/*. 
— (Thomas) Ill,  n. 


462 


Page. 

O'Connachtan 139 

O'Connell,  Peter 128 

O'Connor  Dune  (Hugh) 356 

Dune's  country,  its  lands,    352-358 

(Ffalym),  King  of  Connaught,  267 

. (Fedlim), 32 

(Fedlym) 51,  n.,  52 

(Odo),  King  of  Connaught,  25,  32 

(Roderick),  daughter  of,  .  .  36 

Roe's  country,  its  lands,      352-358 

O' Conor,  race  of,  136,  137,  138,  139,  344, 

346 

_ — ,  ancient  family  of,     .  134,  135,  141 

O'Conor's  high  stewardship,     ....   140 

O'Conor,  (Ven.  Dr.  Charles),  125,  126,  128 

134,  135,  139,  140,  n. 

. (Hugh) 137,367 

(Major  Owen), 137 

(Roderick), 7,  n. 

■ ,  King  of  Connaught,  7, 

267,  268 
— ,  succeeds  his  father, 
as   King  of  Con- 

376 

,  King  of  Connaught, 
his  maritime  expedition, .     .     .      375,  376 

,  his  death,  376 

O'Dalys,  the  bardic  family  of  the,      .     .  246 

Odo,  King  of  Connaught, 32 

O'Donnells  (The),  and  O'Conors,      .     .  344 
O'Donnell  (Hugh  Ruadh,  or  the  Red), 
chieftain  of  Tirconnell,  extract  from 
the  Life  of,    ......     .     269,  270 

(Right  Rey.Dr.),  R.C.  Bishop 

of  Galway, 215 

,  abbot  of  a  Cistercian  monas- 


Torlogh   O'Conor, 
naught,     .     .     . 
(Torlogh), 


tery,  strange  adventure  of,  102,  n.,  103,  n., 

104,  n. 

O'Donovan  (John),  Esq.,  M.I.A.S.,     44,  n„ 

97,  n.,  101,  n.,  113,  n.,  154 


Page. 

O'Dowran  (Connor  Conny)  [Duaiw ],  of 
Bonoen, 392 

O'Duanes  (the), 371,''. 

O'Dubhain, 371,  ib.  n 

O'Dugan  (Shane  Mor) 143 

O'Ferrall  ("Roger),    his    Book   of   Irish 
Pedigrees,  quoted,        .      6,  n.,  39,  n.,  139, 

242 

,  his  Liiiea  Antitjua,  .   362 

O'Finaghty,  old  Irish  sept  of,  .     .     .    26.  n. 

O'Flahertie   or    O' Flaherty,  family  ar- 
morial bearings  of, 363 

O' Flaherties  of  Iar-Connaught,  ancient 
tribe  of,  their  pedigrees,   16,  n.,  45,  ib.  n., 

30^-     - 

,  (chiefs  subordinate  to  the), 

their  possessions,  and  several  duties 
of  officers   in    their    establishments, 

368,  sq. 

,   valuable   information   re- 
specting the, 313,  sq. 

.   countrv  of  the,  indenture 


concerning  the, 339,  310.  tf. 

(Bryan),  of  Lemonfield,  416,  n., 

417 

(Conor), 31 

( Donal  an  chogaidh)  [of  the 

wars],  of  Bonowan,     ....     480,  409 

. (Donalduin),    .     .     .     226,  227 

(Donald  Crone),  .     .  400.  ib.  n. 

(Donnell  an  chogaidh),     1    - 

___ (Donnell  Fitz-Rory  Og),    .     63 


—  (Colonel  Edmund),  his  exa- 


mination, trial,  and  execution  for  the 
murder  of  Peter  Ward,  Esq",  gent, 
of  Tromragh,  County  Clare,  .  .  407,  so. 
O'Flaherty  (Colonel  Edmund,  called 
Emuin  nlaidir.  or  "  strong  Ned."' some 
narratives  of  his  prowess  and  achieve- 
ments  415,  416 


463 


Page. 
O' Flaherty  (Colonel  Edmund),  Emuinn 

laidir,  his  death, *  417 

(Finnola),    ....    62,  ib.  n. 

. .  (Hugh),       .  25,  ib.  n.,  32,  50,  n. 

,  King  of  Connaught, 

his  death 377 

(Sir  John),  of  Lemonfield,  417, 

ib.  n. 
— ,  (John  T.),  Esq.,  his  History 

of  the  Islands  of  Arran  noticed,  .  .  263 
(Morogh  na  doe),  his  an- 


swer concerning  damages  done  by  him 
to  Roger  Fflahertie  of  Moycullin,  388,  389 
,  raises  the 


standard    of    rebellion    against    the 

Queen, 395 

,    repents 


of  his  rashness  and  craves  pardon  :  he 
surrenders  all  his  titles,  possessions, 

&c 395 

,    obtains 


pardon,  and  all  his  possessions,  titles, 

&c,  granted  to  him 395 

,  fines  im- 


posed  upon   him   for   retaining   four 
merchants  in  his  service,     .     .     .     394,  n. 
,  his  coun- 


try   burned    by    Sir   Richard    Bing- 

hame, 394 

,  his  death 


and  last  will, 399,  400 

(Sir   Morogh   na  d-tuadh), 


descendants  of, 417 

(  Morogh  na  d-tuadh),  his  ex- 


peditions,    384,  sq.  471 

— ■ ,  his  par- 
don from  Queen  Elizabeth  for  all  mur- 
ders, homicides,  &c 385,  386 

O'Flaherty  (Morogh  na  maor),      108,  402, 
ib.  n.,  403,  ib.  /*.,  404,  ib.  n. 


Page. 
O'Flaherty   (Emuin   Mac    Moroghe  na 

maor), 406 

(Morogh  na  maor  J,  descend- 
ants of, 415,  416 

(Morogh  na  maor)  [serjeant 


or  steward],  abstract  from  his  last  will,  404, 

405 
(Morogh  na  marte)   [of  the 


beeves],  or  Sir  Morogh  of  Bunowan,  83, 
ib.  «.,  257,  sq.,  404 
— (Mortogh),    Lord    of   lar- 

Connaught,  dies, 379 

(Odo,  or  Hugh.)    See  Hugh 


O'Flaherty. 
(Roderick)     [our    author], 

notices  of,  (see  Author),  .     .     .     419-442 
,    letter    on    the 


Subjection  of  the  Irish  Bishops  to  the 
See  of  Canterbury,      ....  424,  ib.  n. 

— ,  letter  to  Wil- 
liam Molyneux,  containing  a  con- 
futation   of    Chinese    Chronology, 

434-437 

(Rory),  of  Moycullen,  our 

author's  grandfather,  .     .     .      55,  n.,  420 

(Teige   ne    Bully),    of  the 


Arde,  County  Galway,  391,  392,  400,  ib.  «., 

401,  ib.  11. 

O'Gara 429,  n. 

Ogygia  Vindicated,  a  MS.  by  our  author, 

published    in    1775   by    Dr.    Charles 

O'Conor,  ....     423,  ib.  ».,  424,  425 

O'Haingli  family, 370,  ib.  n. 

(J'Hainlidhe,  family  of, 370,  n. 

O'Halloran,  ancient  Irish  family  of,    54,  n., 

253,  sq.,  261,  389 

O'Halloran,  carta  Dermicii,  A.  D.  1694,  255 

— — (Donogh  Mc  Moyller),      .     259 

(Erevan),  his  deede  of  Mul- 

laghglasse,  A.D.  1645,     .     .     .    259,260 


464 


Page. 
O'Halloran  (Johannis)  Carta,  A.D.  1594, 

256,  257 
■ .   (Morrertagh)   and  Teig  is 

dede,  the  17th  Octr,  1606,    .     .     257,  258 
(Owen     Me    Dermod),    of 

Barney, ■     .  393 

(Teige    Mac     Fvnnine)   of 

Phayry, 393 

OHanlys  (the), 370,  n. 

O'Haras  (the),     ....    428,  n.,  429,  n. 

Ohery,  castle  of, 54,  ib.  n. 

O'Heyne, 51,  n.,  273 

(John), 105,  n. 

(Owen), 50   n. 

Oilean  Mhic  Dara 98,  n. 

Oilen-da-branoge, 68,  ib.  n. 

O'Kealy  (Dr.  Malachy),  his  description 

of  the  churches  of  Tuam,  quoted,     74,  n. 
,  R.  C.  Bishop  of 

Tuam, 93,  n. 

O'Kellies  (the),     .     .      84,  n.,  303,  318,  sq. 
O'Kelly's  country,  lands  of,    .     .      318,  sq. 

O'Lees  (the), 371,  n. 

O'Lee,  physician  to  O'Flaherty,     369,  ib.  n. 

Olena  Cruagh 104,  ib.  n. 

Olen-ambrahar, 114 

Olenimioll, 110,  ib.  n. 

Olen-lacan, 109,  ib.  7J. 

Olennagclereagh,       .     .  ....     28 

Olennambrahar, 28 

O'Ley,  or    O'Lye  (Edmond),    of  Moy- 

askragh, 71,  n. 

(Morogh),  curious  story  related 

of, 70,  *q. 

O'Leyn  (Donatus),  abbot  of  Aran,    .     .     80 
Olither  Church,  Garmnia,      .     .    64,  n.,  65 

Olnegmacht, 126 

O'Loughlins,  some  account  of  the,    .     .  246 

O'Madden,  castle  of, 34,  n. 

O' Maddens  country,  lands  of,       .      321,  sq. 


Page. 
O'Maelampaill,  Judge  of  O  Flaherty,    370. 

ib.  n. 
O'Mailleys   (the)   of  Umhaill,  or   "  the 

Owles," 382 

O'Mailly  (Grace),  of  Burrishoole,    .     .402 

O' Mai  leys  (the), 117,*. 

O'Malley  (Owen), 5S,  n. 

(Toole) 63,  n. 

O'Maolconar, 139 

Omey, 279, 280 

O'Mulconry  (Torna),  chief  poet  of  Con- 
naught,    ,140 

O'Murry    (Donagh),      Archbishop     of 

Tuam, 34 

O'Nioc  (Murgess),  Archbishop  of  Tuam,    24 
Orbsen  (Lough),  2,  n.,  7,  18,  20,  n..  24    _ 
27,  42,  48,  4."..  48,  tq,  36.3.  367 

■ — .how  it  derives  its  name.    SI 1 

,  isles  of,  pillaged,  22,  ib.  m, 

23.  n. 
Original  Privy  Council  Book,  quoted,    244. 

4  2: 3 

Orkneys  (the) 125 

O'Rourke  (Sir  Brian),  Sir  Henry  Sid- 
ney's proceedings  with,  350.  n.,  351,  ib.  n. 
O'Royrk's  country,  summary  of  its  lands 

and  landowners 346—352 

,  its  boundaries,      346,  n. 

ORuark  (Mary), 13S,  139 

Ostman  sees  of  Dublin.    Limerick,  and 

Waterford 44).  442 

O'Talcarain,  seigniory  of,  ...     .      2,  n. 

O'Tooles  (the), 988,26 

Owanglinn  river 112 

Owangowla, 102 

Owanmore  river, 104 

Owan  Roimhe, 53 

Owantuidhe  or  Owentnee  river.      107,  ib.  n. 
Owles  (the),     .       44,  ib.  n..  45.  51,  73.  116, 

117,  n.,  119 


465 


Page. 
Oyster-banks,.     .     .    102,  111,  119,  b.,  246 

P. 

Pall  (the),  a  cloak  or  mantle  of  state,  or 
of  an  archbishop,     .     .     .     440,441,442 

Parker   (Matthew),    Dean   of   Lincoln, 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  ....  442 

Partry, 17,  ib.  n.,  18 

mountain, 17,  18,  45 

Partry-an-tslevy,  .     .     .     .     .     .    45,  ib.  n. 

Pastimes,  ancient,  May-games,  &c,  60,  ib.  n. 

Patent  titles  of  Ireland,      ....  429,  n. 

Patrick  (St.) 121 

,  his  birth,  mission  to  Ire- 
land, &c 438,  439 

bed  of, 117,  n. 

. ,  chapel  dedicated  to,     .     .     24 

r~,  church  of,  Inis-an-Ghoill,  186, 

187 

,  Hill  of, 45,  n. 

,  his  apostolic  labours  in  the 


territory  of  Moy  Seola, 147 

Paul  (St.),  church  of, 75,  n. 

,  chappell  of, 91 

Pearles, 53,  ib.  n. 

Pedigree  of  John  Blake,  alias  Caddie,  193, 194 
of  the  Muintir  Murchada  of 

Moy  Seola, 362,  sq. 

of  the  Blakes  of  Galway,  212,  213 


Pedigrees.     See  O'Ferrall. 

Peerage  (extinct  and  dormant)  of  Ire- 
land,     15,  n. 

Perrot  (Sir  John),  Lord  Deputy  of  Ire- 
land,   299,  303,  304,  307 

,  indentures  of  com- 
position with,  for  the  territory  of  Iar- 
Connaught, 309-358 

■,  his  "  Government  of 


Ireland"  quoted, 307,  308 

IRISH  ARCH.  SOC.    I  5.  3 


Page. 
Pestilence, 113 

Petrie  (Mr.),   his  description   of  Dun- 

Engus, 76,  n. 

Pettegree.     See  Pedigree. 

Pinkerton, 422,  n. 

Plundering  excursions  at  sea,  381,  «.,  382, 

ib.  n. 
Pocock's  (Dr.)  manuscript  Tour  through 

Ireland,  quoted 72,  n. 

Ponies,  the  Conamara, 15,  w. 

Pope  John  the  Fourth 109 

Porpoises  and  seals  eaten,  ....     96,  n. 

Port  Caradoc, 84,  ib.  n. 

Port  doibhche 83,  ib.  n. 

Portdempne, 33,  34,  n. 

Port-eiche, 83 

Portnafedoigge, 108 

Portriffes 34 

Portumna,  town  and  manor  of,     .     .     34,  n. 

Portus-Doly, 83 

Poverty  of  our  author  about  the  begin- 
ning of  the  eighteenth  century,  427,  ib.  n., 

428,  ib.  n. 
Precedency,  order  of  at  elections,      .     .     58 

Premonstratenses, 39 

Primh  Anmchara, 1 14,  n. 

Produce  of  the  country  of  West  Con- 
naught,    15,  ib.  n. 

Protestants  (English),  alleged  outrages 
against,  at  the  Rebellion  of  1641,      .406, 
ib.  n.,  407,  ib.  n. 

. ,   "  depositions   of,"   in   the 

MS.  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dub- 
lin  141 

Province  of  Connaught,  its  inhabitants,     143 

Prynne  quoted, .311 

Ptolemy 126 

Puca,  or  goblin,  song  of  the,   .     .      284,  sq. 
Putting  out  of  eyes  as  a  punishment,  a 
custom  used  by  the  O'Flaherties,  367,  368 


466 


Page. 

Q. 

Quakers, 188 

Queen's  County, 415 

Queleus    (Malachias),     Archbishop    of 
Tuam, 99 

R. 

Rabbits 86 

Rafwee, 370,  n. 

Rahun,  Bay  of, 55 

— — ,  parish  of,      .     .  54,  ib.  n.,  50,  ib.  n. 

Rahuyn, 231 

Rath-Buidhbh 370,  ib.  n. 

Rath-Omachan,  situation  of, 141 

Rats,       ....     82,  ib.  n.,  263,  264,  265 

Rat,  the  black  Irish 10,  n.,  11,  n. 

Rawyn,  rectoria  de 218,219 

Rebellion  of  1641, 406,57. 

Records 31 

Recusancy,  fines  for,  ....  37,  ib.  n. 
Red  Earl  (Richard)  of  Ulster,  46,  ib.  n.,  189 

Rein-Deer, 121,  n. 

Religious  houses  in  Ireland,    .     .     .     14,  71. 

Rescripts  from  Rome, 179 

Rhodomenia  palmata 99,  n. 

Richard  III.  (King),  concession  of,  .     .     34 

Riddlesford  (Walter) 51,n.,52 

Rights,  Book  of, 142 

Rivers  of  Iar-Connaught,  .  .  9,  ib.  n.,  14 
Roderick,  King  of  Tuam,  ....  25,  n. 
Rodulph,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  .  441 
Roscam  burned  by  the  English,    .     .     .  377 

Roscommon 125,302,303,413 

,  barony  of,  its  lands,  353,  ib.  n., 

354,  355 

,  boundaries  of,    .     353,  n.,  354, 

355,  n, 
• 


Pane. 

Rosquam  (see  Roscam), 231 

Ross 24,  121 

,  barony  of,  summary  of  lands  in 

the, 311 

,  half-barony  of,     4,  5,  n.,  6,  18,  21.  2.',. 

44,  ib.  n„  49,  120,  122 

,  old  castle  of, 44,  n..  49 

,  lake  of, 54,  ib.  n. 

,  parish, 4<j 

Rossclogher, 346,  n.,  347 

Roundstone  Haven,   .     .     .    104,  ib.  n..  ln<- 

Ruadh  (Hugh), J  02,  n. 

Ruins,  duns  in 77.  n. 

Rynnmoyle  (now  Renvile)  castle,   119,  ib.  n. 
.  church  of, 120 

S. 

Sacheverell  (William),  Esq.,  late  Gover- 

nor  of  Man, 261 

Sacred  edifices 74.  7  '.-.' 

Sadleir  (Colonel  Thomas),  Governor  of 

Connaught, 42 

Saints,  or  holy  men  of  the  isles  of  Aran, 

73.  id.  n. 
.  reverence  formerly  paid  to  in  Iar- 
Connaught,       .     .     .     .  98,  n..  100,  ib.  u. 

,  relics  of, 99.  n. 

,  monuments  of, 15 

Salmon  fishing,     ....      105,  ib.*.,  _    • 

Salrock  harbour 119,  n. 

Samphire, 66.  ib.  n. 

Saxons  (ancient), 3(i 

Schoolesmaster  of  the  Cittv  of  Gal  way.     215 
Scottish  or  Milesian  Tribes,     ....    126 

Serine,  Bulla  pro, 161-163 

Sea  birds  eaten  on  fasting  days.    .     fi7.  ib.  n. 

Sea,  Conmacny, 92,  n..  y3 

Seaghsa,  battle  of, 364 

Seals, 27.  ib.  n.,  106,  Hi 


467 


Page. 
Seals,  anciently  used  for  food,  .     .     .    96,  n. 

• ,  virtues  attributed  to  the  flesh,  skin, 

&c.,  of  the 97,  n. 

,  yearly  slaughter  of,   .     .     .     95,  ib.  n. 

,  fishing  for,  most  curious  story  re- 
garding,   96,  n. 

Seaven  daughters,  the     .     .     14,  120,  119,  n. 
Sea-weeds  used  as  a  manure,    .     .    58,  ib.  n. 
Seele  (Doctor),  Provost  of  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Dublin, 419 

Seizure  of  lands,  rents,  &c,  .  .  .  58,  n. 
Sessions,  Assizes,  Gaols,  &c,  .     .     272,  273 

Shannon,  the, 125 

Ships,  fantastical, 31,  ib.  n. 

Shoyes  (the),    .     .     .     .44,  n.,  45,  246,  247 

Shruel,  battle  of, 386 

Shruther,  eccles.  de, 224 

Sil-Muredhy 377,378 

Sinach  (a  fox),  the  proper  name  of  St. 

Mac  Dara 100,  ib.  n. 

Sixtus  III.  papa 216,  217,  225 

Size  (human)  and  strength,  remarkable 

notices  of,  among  the  ancient  Irish,  416,  n. 
Skeleton    (human),   "  fourteen   feet   in 

length,"  found  in  Donaghpatrick,  416,  n. 

Skerde,  island  of 69,  ib.  n. 

Skryne, 231 

,  Bulla  pro,     .......     159-161 

Sligo, 33,  ib.  w.,4l',  125 

-.county  of, 113,300 

Sligo,  boundaries  of,  .     .     .    341,  n.,  342,  n. 

,  indenture  of  its  lands,    .     .      340,  sq. 

Slimhead, 6,  ib.  n.,  43,  44,  111 

,  cape  of, 109 

,  continent  of, 110 

Society  in  Ireland,  372,  373,  ib.  n.,  374,  n. 
Society  (Irish  Archaeological),  objects  of,  127 
Songs,  Irish,     ....     283,  sq.,  290,  sq. 

Spear,  head  of  a,  found, 29 

Spidell,  church  of, 61 

3 


Page. 

Spidell,  river  of, 61,  ib.  n. 

Spittle,  or  hospital!, 61,  n. 

Srowher,  order  touching,  ......  235 

Stanihurst,   his  Description  of  Ireland 

quoted, 85,  n. 

Stantons  (the), 47,  ib.  n. 

State  documents  respecting  Connaught 

in  1579, 303,  304 

concerning  Connaught 

at  the  time  of  the  rebellion  of  1641,  413, 

414 
Stephen,  King  of  England,  .  .  .  .441 
Sdllingfleet  (Dr.),  remarks  on,    .     .     .  435 

Storms,  wrecks,  &c 100,  ib.  n. 

Straith-Salagh  river, 107 

Subscriptions  for  the  poore,     ....   181 

Sunderland, 125 

Supremacy  over  the  Church,  regal,  .     .  228 
Sydney  (Sir    Henry),   Lord  Deputy  of 
Ireland,     62,  ».,    125,  268,  269,  299,  303, 

304 
Sydney  (Sir  Henry),  curiously  describes 
his   proceedings    with    O' Conor   and 

O'Donnell 344,  n. 

Sydney  (Sir  Henry),  account  of  his  pro- 
ceedings with  O'Rourke,  given  to  the 
Lords  of  the  Council,  in  1574,     350,  n., 

351,  n. 


T. 


Taaffe's  Ireland,  quoted, 363 

Teampull  na  neeve, 117,  n. 

Teaquin,  barony  of,  lands  in  the,  .     .     .319 

Teglach-Enda  church, 74,  n. 

Temple's  (Sir  Jo.),  Irish  Rebellion,  re- 
marks on, 431, 432 

Tempi epatrick, 117,  n. 

Tempull  an  cheathruir  aluinn,     .     .     75,  n. 
aphuil, .     ib. 


O2 


468 


Tempull  Assurnuidhe, ib. 

Brenain, 74,  n. 

■ —  Breccain, 75,  n. 

.  Ceannannach, ib.  n. 


mac  Longa, 74,  n. 

mic  Cannonn, ib.  n. 

— ■■ mic  Duach, 75,  n. 

Leo, 1 15,  n. 

Terrylaud, 384 

Theobald,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,    .  441 
Thierry,    "  Histoire  de  la  Conquete  de 
1' Angleterre  paries  Normans,"  quoted 

420,  n. 
Thomas  (Walter),  de  Kyltulagmor,  210,  21 1 

Thomond, 358,  362 

Connor,  Earl  of,  a  letter  in 

favour  of,  from  Queen  Elizabeth,  359-361 

Tigernach  the  Annalist, 126 

Tipperary, 415 

Tiraglas,  Bulla  pro  Rectoria  de,  .     168-171 

Tirellan 3^4 

Tobarbride 33 

Tolokian,  castles  of, 55,  ib.  n. 

Tombeola 106 

Tombeola  (abbey  of),   or  Saint  Domi- 

nick's  Abbey  near  Galway,  105,  ib.  n., 

106,  ib.  ».,  273.  274 

Toyloghoban, 33,  ib.  n. 

Trach-na-neach, 83 

Tract-each, 83,  84,  86 

Traditions, 27,  n. 

Traybane,  strand  of,  .     .     .     .    60,  61,  ib.  n. 
Trial  of  Robert  Martin  for  murder  of 

Lieutenant  Henry  Jolly,  .      .     .     295,  296 
Trial  and  execution  of  Colonel  Edmund 

O'Flaherty, 412,  ib.  n. 

Tributes  paid  to  the  King  of  Connaught,  1 42 
Tribute  paid  by  the  King  of  Cruachan  to 

the  Monarch  of  Ireland, 143 

Trident  spear,  mode  of  using  the,    29,  ib.  n. 


Page. 
Tromra,  or  Trennrowe,  castle  of.  407. 

408,409,  ib.  n.,  410,  ib.  n..  411,  412 
Trowsers,     Close   Britches,    commonlv 

called  Trowses 4<  i7>  „. 

Tuam  (Premonstratenses'  Abbey  of),    39.  n. 

,  castle  of, 25,  n. 

,  churches  of, 879 

,  registry  of,  quoted    .     .     .     .      1  j,  u. 

(Christopher,  Archbishop  of ),     .  233 

Tulla,  seven  bishops  of,       ....      96,  U. 

Tuluban 33,  ib.  n. 

Turloch  Airt, 43,  n. 

Tyreraghe,  barony  of,  lands  of,  .  .  .  342 
Tyrrawlv,  barony  of,  lands  of,  ...  334 
Tyrrcryell,  barony  of,  lands  of,      ...  343 

U. 

Uaimh  Leo 115,1. 

Uillinn,  grand-child  of  Nuad  Silverhand.    55 

Ullin,  field  of, 55.  ib.  n. 

Ulster 78 

.province  of, 414.  4lr> 

(Walter,  Earl  of) 39 

— ,  Earl  of, 47 

.  Red  Earl  of,       ....    32,  ib.  n. 

— ,  Earles  of, 31 

Un,  dwelling  of, 56.  n. 

University  of  Clonfert,  "  Orders"  con- 
cerning the,  306 

Umhall 117.  n. 

Ussher  (  \rchbishop) 439.  440 

,  his  Sylloge  veterum  Epistolar. 

Uib., 442 

V. 

Vagrants,  order  touching  poore.    .     182,189 

Vallancey  noticed, _ 

Venetus  (M.  Paulus),     ....     43.:.^ 


469 


Page. 


W. 


Wadman  (Thomas),  a  letter  to  Dr.  Mo- 
lyneux  concerning   Rats,      .  263,  264,  265 

Wogan    (Johan.),    Justic.    Hib.   temp. 
Edw.  I., 189,  190 

Wales,  expedition  to,  of  the  Connaught 
auxiliaries, 380,  381 

Wall,  large  round, 115 

Walsh  (Father),  Author's  attack  upon, 

423,  ib.  n. 

(Peter),  his    Prospect    of  Ire- 
land noticed, 435 

Walsyngham's     "  Orders"     respecting 
Connaught,  ....    303,  304,  305,  306 

Ward,  (Peter),  gent.,  county  Clare,  the 
"  storming"  of  his  castle  (1642),  and 
murder  of  himself  and   family,  408,  409, 
ib.  «.,  410,  ib.  re.,  411,  412 

Ware  (Sir  James) 30,114 

Warren  (Admiral), 32,  n. 

Wars  and  dissensions  in  Iar- Connaught,  374, 

375 

Water  (christalline) 27,  n. 

Water-dog 20 

Waterford,  county  of, 405 

,  Ostmans  of,      .     .     .     441,442 


Page. 

Welsh, 30 

West  Connaught.     See  Connaught,  West. 

West-Island 115 

Westmeath,  county  of, 415 

Western  Ocean, 94,  114 

Wexford,  county  of, 415 

,  Airdnecolman  Abbey  near,    .     90 

Whales  (see  Fish.),    .     94,  w.,  109,  183,  184 
White  Friar's  monastery  in  Donegal,  102,  n. 

Wild  Garlick  Isle, 25,  ib.  n. 

William  II.,  King  of  England,     .     .     .  441 

III., 262 

Willielmus  (Comit.  Ulton.),    ....     33 
Wills  and  testaments,     .     .     .     .     418,  419 

Wine  island, 104,  105,  ib.  it. 

Wines  and  spirituous  liquors,  license  to 

sell,  in  1616, 251,252 

Wolfe  Dogges, 180 

Wolf  hunters 10,  re. 

Wolves 180,  181,  182,  183 

Woods, 8,  re. 

Worship,  ancient  sense  of  the  word,  .    23,  n. 


Y. 


Yoes  (see  Joyce),        45 

York, 442 


FINIS. 


IRISH 
ARCHAEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


At  a  General  Meeting  of  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society,  held 
in  the  Board  Room  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  on  Friday,  the  1 9th 
day  of  December,  1845, 

Sir  Lucius  O'Brien,  Bart.,  in  the  Chair, 

The  Secretary  read  the  following  Report  from  the  Council: 

"  Atthelast  General  Meeting,  held  on  the  10th  of  July,  1 844,  it  was  resolved — 
'  That  the  President  and  Council  now  elected  be  empowered  to  continue  in 
office  until  December,  1845,  an^  *na^  *ne  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Society  be 
held  in  future  in  that  month ;  the  day  to  be  fixed  by  the  Council.' 

"  The  object  of  this  resolution  was  to  change  the  time  of  the  Annual  Meeting, 
which  had  hitherto  been  usually  held  in  June  or  July,  to  a  period  of  the  year 
when  a  greater  number  of  the  Members  of  the  Society  were  likely  to  be  in  Dublin. 
The  Council  have  therefore  retained  their  office  longer  than  usual,  in  com- 
pliance with  the  wishes  of  the  Society ;  and  on  now  meeting  you  at  this  your 
fifth  anniversary,  they  are  happy  to  have  it  in  their  power  to  transfer  to  their 
successors  the  management  of  your  affairs  with  every  prospect  of  increased 
prosperity. 

"  Since  the  last  General  Meeting  fifty-three  new  Members  have  been  elected ; 
whose  names  are  as  follows : — 

a  His 


His  Excellency  Lord  Heytesbury,  Lord 

Lieutenant  of  Ireland. 
The  Marquis  of  Sligo. 
The  Earl  of  Devon. 
The  Earl  of  Glengall. 
The  Earl  of  Roden. 
The  Earl  of  Shrewsbury. 
Lord  Talbot  de  Malahide. 
Rev.  Edward  Abbott. 
*Sir  Robert  Shafto  Adair,  Bart.a 
Robert  M.  Alloway,  Esq. 
George  F.  A.  Armstrong,  Esq. 
Abraham  W.  Baker,  Esq. 
Samuel  Henry  Bindon,  Esq. 
Colonel  Henry  Bruen,  Esq.,  M.  P. 
Joseph  Burke,  Esq. 
George  Chamley,  Esq. 
Francis  E.  Currey,  Esq. 
*F.  H.  Dickinson,  Esq.  M.P. 
Rickard  Donovan,  Esq. 
Peter  Dowdall,  Esq. 
Charles  Druitt,  Esq. 
Rev.  Thomas  Farelly. 
John  D.  Fitzgerald,  Esq. 
Rev.  Joseph  Fitzgerald, 
James  Anthony  Froude,  Esq. 
Allan  Fullarton,  Esq. 


John  A.  Fullerton,  Esq. 

James  Gibbons,  Esq. 

John  Gray,  Esq.,  M.D. 

James  Sullivan  Green,  Esq. 

•The  Right  Hon.  Sidney  Herbert,  M.P. 

Herbert  F.  Hore,  Esq. 

William  Keleher,  Esq. 

Rev.  John  Kenny. 

James  Kernan,  E.-q. 

Rev.  John  Torrens  K\le. 

Denny  Lane,  Esq. 

Charles  W.  Levinge,  Esq. 

Hugh  Lyle,  Esq. 

Thomas  Mac-  Owen.  Esq. 

John  Malone,  Esq. 

'Andrew  Mulholland.  Esq. 

Nicholas  Purcell  0' Gorman,  1 

Richard  O' Gorman,  Esq. 

Richard  O'Gorman.  Esq..  Jan. 

Richard  O'Shaughnessy,  E>q. 

Marcus  Patterson,  Esq. 

Lieut. -Colonel  Joseph  Pratt. 

William  Reilly.  Esq. 

Rev.  Charles  Russell.  D.D. 

•Thomas  S wanton,  Esq. 

Walter  Sweetman,  Esq. 

James  Talbot,  Esq. 


"  The  Society  has  to  lament  the  death  since  the  la?t  Meeting  of  the  follow- 
ing Members : 


Marquis  of  Downshire. 
Marquis  of  Ely. 
Viscount  Powerscourt. 


Lord  Carbery. 

Rev.  Thomas  Goff. 

The  Very  Rev.  J.  P.  Lyons. 


"  The  Council  have  still  to  express  their  regret  that  the  number  of  500 
Members  (as  fixed  by  the  rules  of  the  Society)  has  not  yet  been  fully  attained, 
at  the  same  time  they  feel  that  the  accession  of  fifty-three  new  Members  during 

the 


Those  with  a  star  prefixed  to  their  names  are  life  Members. 


the  past  year,  and  that  without  any  very  great  exertion,  and  with  less  than 
ordinary  attraction,  affords  a  gratifying  proof  that  the  efforts  of  the  Society  are 
appreciated,  and  that  the  hopes  expressed  in  a  former  Report  will  ultimately  be 
realized,  if  not  surpassed. 

"The  number  of  Members  on  the  Books  of  the  Society  now  amounts  to  430, 
including  57  life  Members. 

"The  following  works  have  been  issued  to  the  Members  since  the  last 
annual  Meeting. 

"  I.  The  Book  of  Obits  and  Martyrology  of  the  Cathedral  Church  of  the 
Holy  Trinity,  Dublin,  a  large  volume,  the  typography  of  which  has  excited 
much  admiration.  It  contains  424  pages,  including  the  Indexes  and  Introduc- 
tion, which  is  full  of  curious  information  respecting  the  ancient  Irish  Saints. 
This  is  the  first  ritual  book  of  the  Anglo-Irish  Church  that  was  ever  printed, 
and  throws  much  light  on  Irish  Hagiology  and  Church  history.  Every  mem- 
ber of  the  Society  who  has  subscribed  for  the  year  1 843  is  entitled  to  this 
volume. 

"  II.  The  Genealogies,  Tribes,  and  Customs  of  Hy-Fiachrach,  commonly 
called  O'Dowda's  country.  This  large  volume  consists  of  536  pages  including 
the  introduction.  It  has  also  a  beautifully  executed  Map  of  the  district  of  Hy- 
Fiachrach,  with  the  names  in  the  original  Irish.  It  may  be  considered  a  com- 
panion to  the  Tribes  and  Customs  of  Hy-Many,  or  the  O'Kelly  country,  published 
in  1 843 :  and  with  that  volume  and  another  which  will  be  shortly  spoken 
of,  completes  the  genealogical  and  traditional  history  of  the  native  tribes  in- 
habiting the  large  district  of  the  West  of  Ireland,  now  included  in  the 
counties  of  Galway,  Mayo,  and  part  of  Sligo.  To  all  the  gentry  of  those  coun- 
ties, and  especially  to  such  of  them  as  are  descended  from  the  ancient  Irish 
families,  these  volumes  are  replete  with  interest.  All  members  who  have 
subscribed  for  the  year  1 844  are  entitled  to  a  copy  of  The  Genealogies,  Tribes, 
and  Customs  of  Hy  Fiachrach. 

"  III.  Registrum  Ecclesise  Omnium  Sanctorum  juxta  Dublin.  This  vo- 
lume contains  222  pages,  including  the  Introduction  and  Addenda,  and 
is  illustrated  with  a  fac-simile  of  an  ancient  episcopal  charter.  It  may  be 
regarded  as  an  important  accession  to  our  knowledge  of  the  history  of  ancient 
Irish  Monasteries,  and  is  the  first  entire  Chartulary  of  an  Irish  religious  house, 
that  has  ever  been  printed.   In  addition  to  the  Charters  collected  in  the  Registrum 

a  2  properly 


properly  so  called,  this  work  contains  additional  documents  of  the  same  kind, 
collected  from  other  sources,  and  thus  brings  together  all  the  known  original 
authorities  we  possess  for  the  history  of  the  Monastery  of  All  Hallow-,  which 
occupied  the  site  where  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  now  stand-.  This  circum- 
stance, whilst  it  renders  the  book  more  complete,  and  therefore  more  valuable 
to  the  future  historian,  was  the  occasion  of  some  inconvenience,  as  it  delayed  the 
appearance  of  the  volume  much  beyond  the  time  originally  contemplated. 
When  it  was  nearly  ready  for  being  issued,  and  some  of  the  sheets  actually  in  the 
binder's  hands,  a  series  of  transcripts  of  important  document?  was  discovered  in  the 
Recorder's  Book  of  the  corporation  of  Dublin,  and  amongst  them  an  abstract 
of  the  Inquisition  of  the  possessions  of  the  Priory  at  the  time  of  its  dissolution. 
Without  these  documents  the  book  would  have  been  imperfect,  and  the  history  of 
the  Monastery  which  it  contains  would  have  been  incomplete ;  it  wa*  therefore 
thought  worth  while  to  delay  the  delivery  of  it  until  the  documents  alluded  to 
could  be  copied,  which  the  Corporation  of  Dublin  liberally  permitted,  and  they 
are  now  added  as  "  Addenda"  to  the  Editor's  Introduction,  having  been  dis- 
covered too  late  for  insertion  into  the  body  of  the  work.  The  abstract  of  the 
inquisition  taken  at  the  dissolution  of  the  Priory  is  particularly  valuable,  as  the 
original  in  the  Chief  Remembrancer's  Office  has  become  so  much  defaced  bv 
age  and  neglect  as  to  be,  in  a  great  measure,  illegible. 

"  It  is  hoped  that  this  volume  will  be  found  to  contain  matter  interesting 
not  only  to  the  local  antiquarian,  but  to  everv  person  anxious  of  obtaining  accu- 
rate and  authentic  information  of  the  civil  and  religious  state  of  Ireland  from 
the  time  of  Henry  the  Second  to  the  Reformation.  With  this  view  it  was 
selected  for  publication,  and  also  in  the  hope  that  the  existence  of  such  a  work 
may  suggest  to  such  noblemen  and  gentlemen  as  are  in  possession  of  similar 
records  of  the  ancient  religious  houses  of  Ireland,  to  communicate  them  to  this 
Society  for  publication.  In  Scotland  this  has  been  frequently  done  bv  the 
landlords  who  have  inherited  the  ancient  monastic  lands  of  that  country,  and 
who,  in  many  cases,  have  not  only  lent  their  manuscripts,  but  also  contributed 
largely  to  the  expenses  of  editing  and  printing  them.  The  publications  of  the 
Bannatyne,  the  Maitland,  and  the  Spalding  literary  clubs  oi  Scotland  are 
rich  in  the  records  of  monastic  history,  and  do  honour  to  the  liberality,  the 
enlightened  taste,  and  public  spirit  of  the  nobility  and  gentry  of  that  country. 
By  the  invaluable  labours  of  these  and  other  similar  societies,  with  which  Scot- 
land 


land  abounds,  the  historian  lias  been  supplied  with  the  most  authentic  mate- 
rials for  illustrating  the  civil  and  religious  state  of  that  country,  as  well  as  the 
succession  of  property,  the  descent  of  noble  families,  the  progress  of  art,  and 
the  state  of  society  there  at  different  periods.  Materials  no  less  abundant,  though 
far  more  curious  and  interesting,  exist  for  similar  illustrations  of  Irish  history  ; 
the  means  alone  are  wanting,  and  for  these  Ireland  can  only  look  to  the  same 
source  from  which  Scotland  has  obtained  them,  the  enlightened  liberality  of 
her  chiefs  and  nobles. 

"  The  Council  take  this  opportunity  of  returning  their  sincere  thanks  to  his 
Grace  the  Archbishop  of  Dublin,  the  Provost  and  Senior  Fellows  of  Trinity 
College,  Dublin,  Sir  William  Betham,  Ulster  King  of  Arms,  the  Corporation 
of  the  City  of  Dublin,  and  William  Ford,  Esq.,  Town  Clerk,  for  the  use  of 
the  several  manuscripts  from  which  the  Registry  of  All  Saints  has  been  com- 
piled. 

"  All  Members  who  have  subscribed  for  1844  are  entitled  to  a  copy  of  this 
work. 

"  The  publications  for  1845  are  m  a  very  forward  state,  and  will  be  ready 
for  delivery  early  in  the  ensuing  year.  It  became  necessary,  however,  to  make 
an  alteration  in  the  volumes  announced  for  that  year,  as  it  was  found  that 
Mr.  Hardiman's  valuable  notes  and  illustrations  to  O'Flaherty's  account  of  West 
Connaught  had  extended  the  volume  to  a  much  greater  bulk  than  the  Council 
had  at  first  contemplated  ;  and  as  it  is  necessary  to  limit  the  quantity  of  matter 
given  to  members  in  each  year  to  correspond  with  the  amount  of  pecuniary 
means  at  the  disposal  of  the  Council,  it  has  been  resolved  that  Cormac's  Glos- 
sary, and  O'Flaherty's  West  Connaught,  shall  be  the  books  to  which  Members 
who  have  subscribed  for  the  year  1 845  are  to  be  entitled. 

"  In  1 84 1,  the  first  year  of  the  Society's  existence,  and  when  its  number  of 
Members  did  not  much  exceed  200,  the  number  of  pages  published  was  296, 
together  with  an  engraved  map,  and  other  illustrations.  In  the  second 
year,  1842,  the  publications  issued  to  Members  contained  696  pages.  The 
books  issued  for  1843  contain  636  pages,  and  one  copperplate  map.  The 
books  for  1844  consist  of  758  pages,  with  an  engraved  fac-simile  of  an 
ancient  charter;  giving  an  average  in  the  four  years  of  596  pages  in  each  year. 

"  These  particulars  have  been  stated,  not  only  to  satisfy  the  Society  that 
the  full  value  of  their  subscriptions  has  been  returned  to  every  Member,  but 

also 


also  to  shew,  what  some  appear  to  have  in  a  great  degree  misapprehended,  that 
without  the  regulation  which  requires  the  payment  of  an  entrance  fee  of  3/.  from 
each  Member,  the  Society  never  could  have  been  conducted  on  its  present 
footing,  nor  could  the  books  published  have  possessed  their  present  beauty  and 
value. 

"  The  Council,  however,  are  fully  aware  that  they  have  been  hitherto  draw- 
ing more  largely  on  the  fund  created  by  the  entrance  fees,  than  they  would  be 
justified  in  doing  hereafter.     They  have  done  so  intentionally,  with  a  view  to 
make  the  Society  known,  by  the  best  of  all  possible  advertisements,  the  value  and 
interest  of  its  publications:  and  although  the  success  has  not  fullv  answered 
their  expectations,  they  hope  that  the  character  thus  acquired  for  the  Society 
will  be  found  the  best  foundation  that  could  have  been  laid  for  any  attem 
that  may  hereafter  be  made  to  extend  its  means  of  usefulness.     It  will 
desirable,  however,  to  say  a  few  words  more  on  the  subject  of  the  publieat! 
proposed  to  be  given  to  Members  who  have  subscribed  for  the   present  \ 
(1845).     They  are  the  following  : 

"  I.  A  Description  of  West  or  H-Iar  Connaught,  by  Roderic  O'Flahertv. 
author  of  the  Ogygia,  written  a.  d.  1684,  edited  from  a  MS.  in  the  Library  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  with  copious  notes,  and  an  Appendix,  by  J.  irdi- 

man,  Esq.,  M.R.I.  A.  Of  this  work  the  text  and  notes  are  printed,  as  well  as  a 
considerable  portion  of  the  Appendix,  which  will  comprise  a  large  number  of 
original  documents  never  before  printed.  This  volume,  with  the  works  on  Hy- 
Fiachrach  and  Hy-Many,  already  noticed,  will  form  a  series  which  cannot  fail 
to  prove  highly  interesting  to  the  ancient  Milesian  and  other  old  Irish  iamik 
the  West  of  Ireland  ;  and  it  is  not  unreasonable  to  expect  that  the  desir. 
possessing  these  curious  and  authentic  records  of  the  history  and  deeds  of  their 
ancestors  may  induce  some  of  the  gentry  and  landlords  of  that  district  to  become 
Members  of  the  Society. 

II.  Cormac's  Glossary,  in  the  original  Irish  ;  edited,  with  a  translation  and 
notes,  by  John  O'Donovan,  Esq.  Three  or  four  sheets  of  this  work  have  been 
printed  off.  It  will  certainly  prove  a  most  valuable  accession  to  our  philo- 
logical knowledge  of  the  Irish  language  ;  but,  independently  of  this,  which  is, 
of  course,  its  chief  claim  to  a  place  amongst  our  publications,  it  is  full  of  singu- 
larly curious  matter,  traditions,  old  proverbs,  and  scraps  of  ancient  poems,  with 
alusions  to  obsolete  laws  and  customs,  and  often  to  historical  iaets.  not  <  '.-  - 

wl 


where  recorded.  The  difficulty  of  translating  such  a  work,  and  preparing  it 
for  the  printer,  has  been  very  great ;  every  sheet  is  carefully  read  in  manuscript 
by  the  Secretary  before  it  is  put  into  type,  and  afterwards  again  revised  in  the 
proof  sheets  ;  and  the  Council  have  no  hesitation  in  expressing  their  opinion, 
that  Mr.  O'Donovan  will  be  found  to  have  won  great  credit,  with  all  competent 
judges,  by  the  manner  in  which  he  has  executed  this  extremely  difficult  and 
important  task. 

"  Other  works  preparing  for  publication,  all  of  which  are  in  the  Press,  and 
some  of  them  in  a  forward  state,  are  the  following  : 

"  I.  The  Annals  of  Ireland,  by  John  Clyn,  of  Kilkenny,  from  a  MS.  in 
the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  collated  with  another  in  the  Bodleian 
Library,  Oxford.  Edited,  with  notes,  by  the  Rev.  Richard  Butler,  M.R.I. A. 
These  Annals  are  in  Latin,  and  contain  some  curious  entries.  The  text  is 
printed,  and  the  Editor  is  now  engaged  in  preparing  the  notes. 

"  II.  The  Miscellany  of  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society.  Of  this  vo- 
lume 1 1 2  pages  are  printed,  and  several  articles  are  ready  for  the  Press,  or 
in  the  hands  of  the  printer. 

"  The  object  of  this  work  is,  to  preserve  such  smaller  documents  as  would 
not  be  of  sufficient  length  or  importance  for  separate  publication.  The  present 
volume  will  contain  an  Irish  poem,  attributed  to  St.  Columba,  or  Columb- 
kille  ;  the  "  Concilium  Hibernian  per  magnates  totius  illius  insula?,"  from  the 
Black  Book  of  Christ  Church ;  the  award  and  decree  concerning  the  Tolboll ; 
an  account  of  the  family  of  Dr.  Lynch,  author  of  Cambrensis  Eversus,  and  a 
Latin  poem  by  the  same  author  ;  the  Obits  of  Kilcormick,  from  an  ancient 
Missal,  formerly  belonging  to  the  monastery  there,  and  now  in  the  Library  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin  ;  some  curious  wills  and  inventories,  from  MSS.  in 
the  possession  of  the  Corporation  of  Dublin  :  a  letter  on  Irish  history,  by  the 
celebrated  Irish  scholar  and  antiquarian,  Thady  or  Teige  O'Roddy,  from  the 
autograph  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College  ;  the  Charters  of  the  Book  of  Kells, 
from  the  same  library  ;  &c. 

"  The  Council  indulge  the  hope  that  when  this  volume  is  completed, 
and  in  the  hands  of  Members,  many  will  be  induced  to  communicate  ancient 
deeds,  wills,  and  other  local  and  interesting  historical  or  family  documents, 
which  may  be  published  in  a  similar  manner  in  future  volumes  of  the  Mis- 
cellany. 

"  III. 


"  III.  The  Irish  version  of  the  '  Historia  Britonum'  of  Nennius,  or  a;  it  is 
called  in  the  Irish  MSS.  teabap  6pecnac,  the  British  Book,  edited  from  the 
Book  of  Ballymote,  collated  with  copies  in  the  book  of  Lecan,  and  in  the 
Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  with  a  translation  and  notes,  by  James 
Henthorn  Todd,  D.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  &c,  and  addi- 
tional notes  and  an  introduction  by  the  Hon.  Algernon  Herbert. 

"IV.  The  Annals  of  Ireland,  by  Thady  Dowling,  Chancellor  of  Leighlin, 
edited,  with  notes,  by  Aquilla  Smith,  Esq.,  M.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  from  a  MS.  in 
the  Library  of  Trinity  College. 

"  The  volumes  to  be  issued  to  the  Members  for  the  year  1 846,  will  be  selected 
from  the  above,  all  of  which  are  now  at  Press:  and  from  the  progress  already 
made  in  printing  them,  the  Council  feel  assured,  they  will  be  able  to  issue  one 
or  two  volumes  early  in  the  ensuing  year. 

"  The  following  works  are  preparing  for  publication,  and  will  lie  ready  to  be 
put  to  Press  as  soon  as  the  funds  of  the  Society  will  enable  the  Council  to 
undertake  the  expense  of  printing: 

"  I.  The  Annals  of  Ulster :  with  a  translation  and  notes :  edited  from  a  M  v 
in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  collated  with  the  translation  made 
for  Sir  James  Ware,  by  Dudley  Mac  Firbis,  a  MS.  in  the  British  Museum,  by 
James  Henthorn  Todd,  D.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  and  John  O'Donovan.  Esq. 

"  II.  The  Annals  of  Inisfallen  :  from  a  MS.  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  Col". 
Dublin;  with  a  translation  and  notes,  by  John  O'Donovan,  K- 

"III.  Macarise  Excidium,  the  Destruction  of  Cyprus;  being  a  secret  Hi- 
of  the  Civil  War  in  Ireland  under  James  II.,  by  Colonel  Charles  O'Kellv.     This 
work  has  been  translated  from  the  original  Latin,  by  Denis  Henry  Kelly,  I 
of  Castle  Kelly,  a  descendant  of  the  author,  and  will  be  illustrated  with  : 
by  John  O'Callaghan,  Esq. 

"  IV.  Ecclesiastical  Taxation  of  Ireland,  circ.  130c.     Edited,  from  the  ori- 
ginal Exchequer  Rolls,  in  the  Carlton-Ride  Record  Office,  London,  with  1 
by  the  Rev.  William  Reeves,  M.  B.,  of  Trinity  College.  Dublin. 

"  An  accurate  transcript  has  been  made  by  Mr.  Reeves,  and  the  work  is  al- 
ready in  a  state  of  forwardness. 

"  V.  The  Liber  Hymnorum  :  from  the  original  MS.  in  the  Library  of  Trinit  y 
College,  Dublin;  edited  by  the  Rev.  James  H.  Todd,  D.  D..  M.  R.  1.  A  .  I-\  l- 
low  of  Trinity  College;  and  the  Rev.  William  Reeves,  M.  B 

••  An 


"  An  accurate  transcript  of  the  MS.  lias  been  made;  but  the  work  is  one  of 
very  peculiar  difficulty,  and  it  will  probably  be  some  time  before  it  can  be  put 
to  Press. 

"  VI.  Sir  William  Petty's  Narrative  of  his  Proceedings  in  the  Survey  of 
Ireland.  From  a  MS.  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  Edited  with 
notes,  by  Thomas  A.  Larcom,  Esq.,  Capt.  R.  E.,  V.  P.  R.  I.  A. 

"  VII.  Articles  of  Capitulation  and  Surrender  of  Cities,  Towns,  Castles, 
Forts,  &c,  in  Ireland,  to  the  Parliamentary  Forces,  from  A.  D.  1649  to  1654. 
Edited,  with  Historical  Notices,  by  James  Hardiman,  Esq.,  M.  R.  1.  A. 

"  VIII.  The  Genealogy  and  History  of  the  Saints  of  Ireland :  from  the  Book 
of  Lecan ;  edited,  with  a  translation  and  notes,  by  John  O'Donovan,  Esq. 

"  IX.  Mac  Firbis's  Account  of  the  Firbolgs  and  Danes,  from  a  MS.  in  the 
Library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  with  a  translation  and  notes,  by  John 
O'Donovan,  Esq. 

"  X.  6opama.  The  Origin  and  History  of  the  Boromean  Tribute.  Edited 
from  a  MS.  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  with  a  translation  and 
notes,  by  Eugene  Curry  Esq. 

"  XL  The  Progresses  of  the  Lords  Lieutenants  in  Ireland  ;  from  MSS.  in 
the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  Edited  by  Joseph  Huband  Smith, 
Esq.,  M.  A.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

"In  conclusion,  the  Council  would  impress  upon  every  lover  of  Irish  literature, 
the  importance  of  endeavouring  to  procure  additional  Members  for  this  Society, 
and  to  increase  in  every  way  its  pecuniary  resources.  Means,  alone,  are  want- 
ing to  carry  out  its  objects  more  rapidly  and  extensively.  There  are  hundreds 
of  valuable  tracts  and  MSS.  within  our  reach,  to  say  nothing  of  the  stores  pre- 
served in  England  and  on  the  Continent,  which,  for  want  of  funds,  the  Council 
are  prevented  from  publishing. 

"The  most  direct  way  of  increasing  our  funds  is  that  which  has  already  been 
recommended,  an  increase  in  the  number  of  Members  of  the  Society :  if 
every  Member  would  undertake  to  procure  an  additional  Member  before  the 
next  General  Meeting,  this  alone  would  double  our  funds;  and  this  would 
surely  not  be  impossible. 

"But  the  Council  would  further  take  the  liberty  of  suggesting  to  such  Mem- 
bers as  are  in  possession  of  the  means,  that  the  objects  of  the  Society  would  be 
also  very  materially  promoted  by  donations  towards  the  expenses  of  particular 

b  publications 


IO 


publications  ;  or  Members  might  endeavour  amongst  their  friends,  whether 
Members  of  the  Society  or  not,  to  raise  a  fund  for  assisting  any  particular  work 
of  interest.  The  Council  would  be  happy  to  enter  into  negociation  with  i 
bers  whose  zeal  for  the  promotion  of  our  native  literature  might  lead  them  to 
act  upon  this  suggestion ;  and  it  would  be  easy  to  make  an  arrangement  for 
placing  at  the  disposal  of  the  contributors  to  such  a  fund,  a  certain  number  of 
copies  of  the  work  so  assisted. 

"  The  Council  would  recommend  the  series  of  our  Irish  Annals,  such  espe- 
cially as  have  been  quoted  by  the  Four  Masters,  and  constitute  the  authorities 
of  their  work,  as  a  very  favourable  undertaking  to  be  assisted  in  this  way.  The 
Annals  of  Ulster,  and  the  Annals  of  Inisfallen,  have  been  already  announced: 
and  the  Annals  of  Connaught,  the  Annals  of  Boyle,  and  the  curious  volume  of 
Irish  Annals  which  Dr.  Todd  once  thought  was  the  Annals  of  Kilronan,  are 
all  within  the  reach  of  the  Society,  and  could  immediately  be  undertaken,  if 
funds  could  be  procured.  Such  a  series,  it  is  hoped,  uniformly  edited,  in  the 
manner  in  which  this  Society's  publications  have  been  hitherto  edited,  may 
possibly  be  regarded  as  a  work  of  national  interest ;  and  many,  perhaps,  would 
be  glad  to  contribute  to  it,  even  though  they  were  unable  to  afford  the 
of  becoming  Members  of  the  Society. 

"  With  this  suo-o-estion  the  Council  will  close  this  Report  of  their  labours  in 
the  cause  of  the  Society:  they  are  desirous,  however,  of  calling  the  attend 
this  Meeting  to  a  matter  of  minor  importance,  but  which  has,  notwithstanding, 
been  productive  of  some  inconvenience  to  those  who  are  intrusted  with  the 
practical  working  of  the  Society.     Several  gentlemen,  and  even  noblemen,  who 
have  been  elected  members,  have  neglected  to  pay  their  suhscripti 
no  reply  to  the  applications  made  to  them  by  the  Treasurer :  the  Council  f< 
to  publish  names;  but  they  would  strongly  advise  the  adoption  by  the  S 
of  the  following  resolution,  to  be  added  to  our  fundamental  Laws: 

'"That  no  person  shall  be  elected  a  member  of  the  Society,  until  the  en- 
trance fee  and  subscription  for  the  current  year  be  paid  to  the  Treasurer,  or  one 
of  the  Local  Secretaries.' " 

The  Eeport  having  been  read,  the  following  Resolutions  were 
adopted  unanimously : 

"i.  That    the  Report   now  read   be  received    and  printed:    and  that  the 

resolution 


1 1 

resolution  proposed  by  the  Council  be  added  to  tbe  fundamental  Laws  of  the 
Society. 

"  2.  That  the  thanks  of  the  Society  be  given  to  the  Council  and  officers  for 
their  services,  and  particularly  to  the  Secretary,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Todd,  for  the  in- 
defatigable and  zealous  services  he  has  rendered  the  Society. 

"  3.  That  Dr.  A.  Smith  and  the  Rev.  Charles  Graves  be  appointed  Audi- 
tors for  the  ensuing  year,  and  that  their  statement  of  the  Accounts  of  the  Society 
be  printed  as  an  Appendix  to  this  Report. 

"  4.  That  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Leinster  be  elected  President  of  the 
Society  for  the  ensuing  year :  and  that  the  following  Noblemen  and  Gentlemen 
be  the  Council: 


The  Most  Noble  the  Marquis  of 

KlLDARE,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

The  Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  Lei- 
trim,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

The  Right  Hon.  the  Viscount 
Adare,  M.  P.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

John  Smith  Furlong,  Esq.,  Q.  C. 

James  Hardiman,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

William  E.  Hudson,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 


Captain  Larcom,  R.  E.,  V.  P.R.  I.  A. 
James  Mac  Cullagh,  Esq.,  LL.  D., 

V.  P.  R.  I.  A. 
George  Petrie,  Esquire,  R.  H.  A., 

V.  P.  R.  I.  A. 
Aquilla  Smith,  M.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 
Joseph  H.   Smith,   Esquire,    A.M., 

M.R.I.  A. 
Rev.  J.  H.  Todd,  D.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 


"  5.  That  the  thanks  of  the  Society  be  given  to  the  President  and  Council 
of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  for  their  kindness  in  granting  the  use  of  their 
Board  Room  for  this  Meeting. 

"  6.  That  the  thanks  of  the  Society  be  voted  to  the  Central  Committee  of 
the  Archaeological  Institute  of  Great  Britain,  for  the  promised  donation  of  their 
publications. 

"  7.  That  the  thanks  .the  Society  be  voted  to  the  President  and  Committee 
of  the  Down  and  Connor  and  Dromore  Church  Architecture  Society  for  their 
donation  of  the  papers  read  before  them  in  the  year  1 844." 

Sir  Lucius  O'Brien  having  been  requested  to  leave  the  Chair,  and 
the  Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  Leitrim  having  been  called  thereto,  it  was 
resolved  unanimously : 

"  That  the  thanks  of  the  Society  be  given  to  Sir  Lucius  O'Brien,  for  his 
conduct  in  the  chair  at  this  Meeting. " 

And  then  the  Society  adjourned. 


<N  K  H  °° 

£.£  o  « 

_4;   ~  co 

55  E  ,  S 

5     q 


„£*  o  o  °h  S  H  r 

i       ■*-*  t-  s—  — 

i     .     -       o     .     -    .  .. 

«    h    .    »H           09  5 

-  J  x  ^  s,±»e'  "= 

J^-fC   |^  jj  1 

^     3     £     > 


-*        '■=■'.'-  - 


.    =   x  .-  —  —    b  - 


■  £  = 


■*       ~    -  jz   -  — 

0    q    &S    i 


IRISH  ARCHAEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 

1846. 


patron: 

HIS  ROYAL  HIGHNESS  THE  PRINCE  ALBERT. 
HIS  GRACE  THE  DUKE  OF  LEINSTER. 

Council : 


The  Most  Noble  the  Marquis  of  Kil- 

DARE,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

The  Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  Leitrim, 

M.  R.  I.  A. 
The  Right  Hon.  the  Viscount  Adare, 

M.  P.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 
John  Smith  Furlong,  Esq.,  Q.  C. 
James  Hardiman,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 
William  E.  Hudson,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 


Captain  Larcom,  R.  E.,  V.  P.  R.  I.  A. 
James   Mac   Cullagh,   Esq.,     LL.  D , 

V.  P.  R.  I.  A. 
Geo.  Petrie,  Esq.,  R.H.A.,  V.P.  R.  I.  A. 
Aquilla  Smith,  M.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 
Jos.  H.  Smith,  Esq.,  A.  M.,  M.  R.  I.  A., 

Treasurer. 
Rev.  J.  H.  Todd,    D.  D.,    M..  R.  I.  A., 

Secretary. 


JtfUmbers  of  tfje  Sbocictg. 

{Life  Members  are  marked  thus  *.] 


*  His  Royal  Highness  The  Prince  Albert. 
His    Excellency   Lord    Heytesbury,   Lord 

Lieutenant  of  Ireland. 
His  Grace  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury. 
His  Grace  the  Lord  Primate  of  Ireland. 

*  His  Grace  the  Duke  of  Buckingham  and 

Chandos. 

*  His  Grace  the  Duke  of  Leinster. 

His  Grace  the  Duke  of  Northumberland. 
The  Marquis  of  Conyngham. 
The  Marquis  of  Downshire. 

*  The  Marquis  of  Drogheda. 

*  The  Marquis  of  Kildare,  M.  R.  I.  A. 
The  Marquis  of  Lansdowne. 


The  Marquis  of  Ormonde. 
The  Marquis  of  Sligo. 

*  The  Marquis  of  Waterford. 
The  Eael  of  Bandon. 

The  Earl  of  Bective. 

The  Earl  of  Carlisle. 

The  Earl  of  Cawdor. 

The  Earl  of  Charlemont,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

The  Earl  of  Clancarty. 

*  The  Earl  De  Grey. 
The  Earl  of  Devon. 
TheEARL  of  Donoughmore. 

The  Earl  of  Dunraven,  M  R.I.  A. 
The  Earl  of  Enniskillen. 


The 


14 


The  Earl  of  Fife. 

The  Earl  of  Fingal. 

The  Earl  Fitzwilliam. 

The  Earl  Fortescue. 

The  Earl  of  Glengall. 

The  Earl  of  Leitrim,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

The  Earl  of  Meath. 

*  The  Earl  of  Powis. 

The  Earl  of  Roden. 

The  Earl  of  Rosse,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

The  Earl  of  Shrewsbury. 

The  Earl  of  St.  German's. 

The  Viscount  Acheson,  M.  P. 

The  Viscount  Adare,  M.  P.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

The  Viscount  Coortenay,  M.  P. 

The  Viscount  De  Vesci. 

The  Viscount  Jocelyn,  M.  P. 

The  Viscount  Lismore. 

The  Viscount  Lorton. 

The  Viscount  Massareene. 

The  Viscount  Morpeth. 


The  Viscount  O'Neill. 

*  The  Viscount  Palmf.rston. 
The  Viscount  Tejipletown. 

*  Lord  Clon brock. 

Lord  Albert  Conyngham. 

Lord  Cremorse. 

Lord  Farnham. 

Lord  George  Hill,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

Lord  Rossmore,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

Lord  Talbot  de  Malahidi  . 

The  Lord  Bishop  of  Cashel,    Emly,    W». 

terford  and  Lismore. 
The  Lord  Bishop  of  Chichester. 
The  Hon.  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Clogher. 
The  Lord  Bishop  of  Cork,  Cloyne  and  Ross. 
The  Hon.  the  Lord  Bp.  of  Derby  k  Raphoe. 
The    Lobd  Bishop  of  Down  and   Connor, 

and  Dromorl. 
The  Rt.  Hon.  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Kildare. 
The  Lord  Bishop  of  Kilmoui..  Elfhin,  and 

Ardagh. 


Rev.  Edward  Abbott,  Upper  Mount-street, 

Dublin. 
Abraham  Abell,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  Cork. 
•Sir  Robert  Shafto  Adair,  Bart.,  Ballymena. 
Miss  M.  J.  Alexander,  Dublin. 
Robert  M'Alloway,  Esq.,  Abbeyville,  Boot- 

erstown. 
William  Antisell,  Esq.,  Ballyowen  Cottage, 

Philipstown. 
George  F.  A.  Armstrong,  Esq.,  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Dublin. 
Rev.  John  H.  Armstrong,  A.B.,  Fitzwilliam 

square,  Dublin. 
George  Atkinson,  Esq.,  A.  M.,  M.B.,  Upper 

Temple-street,  Dublin. 
Rev.  James  Kennedy  Bailie,  D.D.,  M.R.I.  A., 

Ardtrea  House,  Stewartstown. 
Abraham  W.  Baker,  Esq.,  46,   Blessingtou- 

street,  Dublin. 


James  B.  Ball,  Esq.,  Merrion-square,  East. 
Dublin. 

Matthew  Barrington,  Esq..   M.  R.  I.  A..  St. 
Stephen's-green.  Dublin. 

Hugh  Barton,  jun.,  Esq.,  Regent-street,  Lon- 
don. 

Miss  Beaufort,  Hatch-street,  Dublin. 

Sir  Michael  Dillon  Bellew,  Bart..  Mount  Dil- 
lon. Galway. 

Samuel  Henry  Bindon,  Esq..  191,  Gt.  Bruns- 
wick-street, Dublin. 

Colonel  Robert  H.  Birch.  Leeson-st,  Dublin. 

John  Blachford.  Esq..  Moorgate-st..  London. 

The  Right    Hon.  Anthony   Richard  Blake, 
Merrion-square,  Dublin. 

Loftus  H.  Bland.  Esq..  Upper  Fitzwilliam-st., 
Dublin. 

Bindon  Blood,  Esq.,  M.R.  I.  A.,  F.  R.  S.  E., 
Ennis. 

Sir 


l5 


Sir  John  P.  Boileau,  Bart.,  London. 
Walter  M.  Bond,  Esq.,  The  Argory,  Moy. 

*  Beriah  Botfield,  Esq.,  M.  P.,  M.  R.  I.  A., 
London. 

Right  Hon.  Maziere  Brady,  Lord  Chief  Baron 

of  the  Exchequer,  M.  R.  I.  A. 
Thomas  Brodigan,  Esq.,  Pilton  House,  Dro- 

gheda. 
William  Brooke,  Esq.,  Q.  C,  Leeson-street, 

Dublin. 
Haliday  Bruce,  Esq.,  M.R.  I.  A.,  Dublin. 
John  Bruce,  Esq.,  F.  S.  A.,  Chelsea. 
Rev.  William  Bruce,'for  the  Belfast  Library. 
Col.  Henry  Bruen,  Esq.,  M.P.,   Oak   Park, 

Carlow. 
Rev.  Dr.  Brunton,  for  the  University  Library, 

Edinburgh. 
Samuel  Bryson,  Esq.,  Belfast. 
The  Chevalier  Bunsen,  London. 
John  Ynyr  Burges,   Esq.,   Parkanaur,   Dun- 

gannon. 
Joseph  Burke,  Esq.,  Elm  Hall,  Parsonstown. 
John  Burrowes,  Esq.,  Herbert-st,  Dublin. 
Robert  Burrowes,  Esq.,  Merrion-sq.,  Dublin. 
Rev.  Samuel  Butcher,  A.M.,  M.R.I.  A..,  Fel- 
low of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 
Rev.    Richard  Butler,    A.  B.,    M.  R.  I.  A., 

Trim. 

*  William  E.  Caldbeck,  Esq.,  Kilmastiogue. 
♦Robert  Callwell,  Esq.,  M.R.I.  A.,  Herbert- 
place,  Dublin. 

Edward  Cane,  Esq.,  M.R. I.  A.,  Dawson-st., 
Dublin. 

George  Carr,  Esq.,  M.R. I. A.,  Mountjoy- 
square,  Dublin. 

*Rev.  Joseph  Carson,  A.M.,  M.R.I.  A.,  Fel- 
low of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

Rev.  William  Carus,  A.M.,  Fellow  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge. 

Thomas  Cather.Esq.,  Blessington-st.,  Dublin. 

George  Chamley,  Esq.,  Gaybrook,  Malahide. 


Sir  Montagu  L.  Chapman,  Bart.,  M.R. LA., 

Killua  Castle,  Clonmellon. 
Edward  Wilmot  Chetwode,  Esq.,  M.R. LA., 

Woodbrook,  Portarlington. 
Rev.  William  Cleaver,  A.M.,  Delgany. 
James  Stratherne  Close,  Esq.,  Dublin. 
J.  G.Cochrane,  Esq.,  for  the  London  Library. 
Rev.  Thomas  De  Vere  Coneys,   A.M.,  Pro- 
fessor of  Irish  in  the  University  of  Dublin. 
Frederick  W.  Conway,  Esq.,  M.R.I.  A.,  Ter- 
race Lodge,  Rathmines-road,  Dublin. 
Adolphus  Cooke,  Esq.  Cookesborough,  Mul- 

lingar. 
James  R.  Cooke,  Esq., Blessington-st.,  Dublin. 
Philip  Davies  Cooke,  Esq.,Ouston,Doncaster. 
The  Rev.  Peter  Cooper,  Marlborough-street, 

Dublin. 
Sir  Charles    Coote,  Bart.,   Ballyfinn   House, 

Mountrath. 
William  Coppinger,  Esq.,  Barryscourt,  Cork. 
*Rev.  George  E.  Corrie,  B.D.,  Fellow  of  St. 

Catherine's  Hall,  Cambridge. 
Very  Rev.  Henry  Cotton,  D.C.L.,  Dean  of 

Lismore. 
Rev.  George  Edmond  Cotter,  Glenview,  Mid- 

dleton. 
James  T.  Gibson  Craig,  Esq.,  Edinburgh. 
Michael  Creagh,  Esq.,  Upper  Gloucester-st., 

Dublin. 
T.  Crofton  Croker,  Esq.,  Rosamond's  Bower, 

Fulham. 
Rev.  Charles  Crosthwaite,  A.  M.,  Monastere- 

van. 
Rev.  John  C.   Crosthwaite,    A.M.,  Rectory, 

St.  Mary  at  Hill,  London. 
Rev.  William  M.  Crosthwaite,   A.M.,  Dur- 

rus,  Bantry. 
Rev.  Edward  Cupples,  LL.B.,  V.G.  of  Down 

and  Connor,  Lisburn. 
Miss  J.  M.  Richardson  Currer,  Eshton  Hall, 

Yorkshire. 

Francis 


\6 


Francis  E.  Currey,   Esq.,    Lismore   Castle, 
Lismore. 

*  Eugene  Curry,  Esq.,  Dublin. 

William  Curry,  Jun.,  Esq.,  Dublin. 

*James  W.  Cusack,  Esq.,  M.D.,  M.R.I.  A., 
Kildare-street,  Dublin. 

Quentin  Dick,  Esq.,  M. P.,  London. 

*F.  H.  Dickinson,  Esq.,  M.  P.,  Kingsweston, 
Somersetshire. 

C.  Wentworth  Dilke,  Esq.,  London. 

Rev.  Robert  Vickers  Dixon,  A.M.,  M.R.I.  A. 
Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

Thomas  Dobbin,  Esq.,  Armagh. 

Joseph  Dobbs,Esq.,Clanbrassil  Terrace,  Dub- 
lin. 

Wm.  C.  Dobbs,  Esq.  ,Fitzwilliam-pl.,  Dublin. 

Rickard  Donovan,  Esq.,  Crown  Office,  Cork. 

Peter  Dowdall,  Esq.,  15, Summer  hill,  Dublin. 

Charles  Druitt.Esq.,10,  York-street,  Belfast. 

William  V.  Drury,  Esq.,   M.D.,  M.R.I. A., 
Lower  Merrion-street,  Dublin. 

Charles   Gavan   Duffy,    Esq.,   Holme   Ville, 
Rathmines,  Dublin. 

Major  Francis  Dunne,  Brittas,  Clonaslee. 

Rev.  Charles  R.  Elrington,  D.D.,  M.R.I.A. 
Regius  Professor  of  Divinity,  Dublin. 

John  Edward  Errington,  Esq.,  Greenock. 

Robert  Ewing,  Esq.,  Greenock. 

*J.  Walter  K.  Eyton,  Esq.,  Elgin  Villa,  Leam- 
ington. 

Rev.  Thomas  Farrelly,  Maynooth. 

Samuel  Graeme  Fenton,  Esq.,  Belfast. 

Sir  Robt.  Ferguson, Bart.  M.  P. , Londonderry. 

Clement   Ferguson,   Esq.,   Lower    Ormond- 
quay,  Dublin. 

John  Ferguson,  Esq.,  Castle  Forward,  Derry. 

*Edward  Fitzgerald,  Esq.,  Carrigoran,  New- 
market-on- Fergus. 

John  D.  Fitzgerald,  Esq.,  1,  Merrion-square, 
West,  Dublin. 

W.  Seymour  Fitzgerald,  Esq.,  London. 


Rev.  Joseph   Fitzgerald,    P.P.,    Custletown- 
delvin. 

Patrick  Vincent  Fitzpatrick,   Esq.,    Er 
street,  Dublin. 

Rev.  Matthew  Flanagan,  Francis-st.,  Dublin. 

Thomas  Fortescue,  Esq.,  M.K.I. A.,  Rat 
dale  Park,  Flurrybridge. 

Rev.  Smyth  W.    Fox,  Richview,  Rathmines, 
Dublin. 

William   D.   Freeman,    Esq.,    Q.C.,    Upper 
Mount-street,  Dublin. 

John  French,  Esq.,  Stockwell-place,  Surrey. 

Robert  French,    E?q.,   Eitzwilliam-sq.,  Ea-t. 
Dublin. 

James  Anthony  Fronde,  Esq.,   Exeter    Col- 
lege, Oxford. 

Allan  Fullarton,  Esq.,  Westbank,  Greenock. 

John  A.  Fullerton,  Esq.,  Edinburgh. 

Alfred  Fur  Limerick. 

John  S.  Furlong,  Esq.,  Q.C.,  Leeson-atioet, 
Dublin. 

Rev.   Robert   Gage,  A.  M.,  Rathlin   Island, 
Ballycastle. 

Bryan  G<  q.,  Anglesea-st.,  Dublin. 

Edmund  Getty,  Esq..  Victoria-place,  Be 

Rev.  Richard  Gibbiugs  A.  M.,  Myragh  Glebe, 
Dunfanaghy. 

James  Gibbons,  Esq.,  Ballynegall,  Mull'n 

Michael  Henry  Gill,  Esq.,  Great  Brunswick- 
street,  Dublin. 

Rev.  William  S.    Gilly,  D.D..    Norham   Vi- 
carage, Berwick-on-T\veed. 

The  Knight  of  Glin,  Glin  Castle,  Glin. 

Thomas  Goold,    Esq.,    Master  in  Chancery, 
Dublin. 

"John   Graham,  Esq.,  Craigallian. 

George  B.  Grant.  Esq..  Grafton-st.,  Dublin. 

*  Rev.  Charles    Graves    A.M.,    M.R.I.A., 
Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

Robert  Graves,  Esq..  M. D.  M.R.I.A.,  Dublin. 

Rev.  James  Graves,  A.B.,  Borris-iu-Os- 

John 


i7 


John  Gray,  Esq.,  Greenock. 
John  Gray,  Esq.,  M.D.,  Upper  Buckingham- 
street,  Dublin. 
Rev.  John  Greham,  LL.  D.,  Portora  House, 

Enniskillen. 
James    Sullivan    Green,     Esq.,    39,    Lower 

Baggot-street,  Dublin. 
Right  Hon.   Thomas   Grenville,    Cleveland- 
square,  London. 
♦Richard  Griffith,  Esq.,  M.R.I.A.,  Fitzwil- 

liam-place,  Dublin. 
Rev.  Charles  Grogan,    Hareourt-st.,  Dublin. 
John   Gumley,   Esq.,  LL.  D.,  St.   Stephen's- 

green,  Dublin. 
James  Haire,  Esq.,  Summer-hill,  Dublin. 
Sir  Benjamin  Hall,  Bart,  M.P.,    Portman- 

square,  London. 
George   Alexander  Hamilton,    Esq.,    M.P., 

Hampton  Hall,  Balbriggan. 
James  Hamilton,  Esq.,  Fintra  House,  Killy- 

begs. 
Sir  William  R.  Hamilton,  LL.D.,  President 

R.I. A.,  Observatory,  Dunsink. 
James  Hardiman,  Esq.,   M.R.I. A.,   Galway. 
Andrew  Searle  Hart,  Esq.,  LL.D.,  M.R.I. A., 

Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 
Leonard  S.  Hartley,  Esq.,  Middleton  Lodge, 

Richmond,  Yorkshire. 
Hon.    Algernon  Herbert,  Ickleton,  Saffron- 

Walden. 
*  The   Right   Hon.  Sidney  Herbert,   M.  P., 

London. 
John    E.  Herrick,   Esq.,  Lower  Baggot-st., 

Dublin. 
Thomas    Hewitt,    Esq.,    Spencer's   Library, 

London. 
William    Henry    Holbrook,    Esq.,    Leeson- 

street,  Dublin. 
Sir    W.  Jackson    Homan,   Bart.,  Drumroe, 

Cappoquin. 
*A.  J.  Beresford  Hope,  Esq.,  Lamberhurst. 


*  Sir  Francis  Hopkins,  Bart.,  Rochfort,  Mul- 

lingar. 

Herbert  F.  Hore,  Esq.,  Pole  Hore,  Kyle, 
Wexford. 

The  Very  Rev.  Edward  Gustavus  Hudson, 
Dean  of  Armagh,  Glenville,  Watergrass- 
hill. 

William  E.  Hudson,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  Upper 
Fitzwilliam-street,  Dublin. 

James  S.  Hamilton  Humphreys,  Esq.,  Lon- 
don. 

Thomas  Hutton,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  Dublin. 

Sir  Robert  H.  Inglis,  Bart.,  M.  P.,  London. 

*  Rev.  James   Ingram,  D.  D.,   President  of 

Trinity  College,  Oxford, 

David  Irving,  Esq.,  LL.D.,  for  the  Advo- 
cates' Library,  Edinburgh. 

Rev.  John  H.  Jellett,  A.  M.,  M.  R.  I.  A., 
Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

*  Robert  Jones,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  Portland, 

Dromore  West. 
Mrs.    Margaret   Jones,   Kilwaughter  Castle, 
County  Antrim. 

*  William  Bence  Jones,  Esq.,  Kilgariffe,  Clo- 

nakilty. 
Robert    Kane,    Esq.,     M.  D.,     M.  R.  I.  A., 

Gracefield,  Booterstown. 
Thomas  Kane,  Esq.,  M.  D.,  for  the  Limerick 

Institution. 
William  Kane,  Esq.,  Gloucester-st.,  Dublin. 
William   Keleher,   Esq.,    for  the    Cork  Li- 
brary. 
Denis  Henry  Kelly,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  Castle 

Kelly,  Mount  Talbot. 
Rev.  Matthew  Kelly,  Maynooth  College. 
Henry  Kemmis,  Esq.,  Q.  C,  Merrion-square, 

Dublin. 
Rev.  John  Kenny,  Kilrush. 
James Kernan,  Esq.,  29,  Upper  Dorset-street. 
The  Right  Honourable  the  Knight  of  Kerry, 

M.  R.  I.  A.,  Listowell. 

Thomas 


18 


Thomas  Kippax  King,  Esq.,  London. 

Rev.  Henry  Barry  Knox,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  Monks- 
Eleigh,  Bilderstone,  Suffolk. 

George  J.  Knox,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  Maddox- 
street,  London. 

Rev.  John  Torrens  Kyle,  A.M.,  Clondrohid, 
Macroom. 

David  Laing,  Esq.,  Signet  Library,  Edin- 
burgh. 

Alexander  C.  Lambert,  Esq.,  Ballinrobe. 

Henry  Lanauze,  Esq.,  College-green,  Dublin. 

Denny  Lane,  Esq.,  4,  Sidney-place,  Cork. 

*  Capt.  T.  A.  Larcom,  R.  E.,  V.  P.  R.  I.  A., 

Dublin. 

*  Walter  Laurence,  Jun.,  Esq.,  41st  Welch 
Regt.  Lisreaghane,  Lawrencetown,  Co. 
Galway. 

Rev.  William  Lee,  A.  M.,  M.  R.  I.  A,  Fellow 

of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 
Robert  Leeson,  Esq.,  Florence. 
The  Rt.  Hon.  Baron  Lefroy,  Leeson-street, 

Dublin. 
Charles  Lever,  Esq.,  Templeogue. 
Charles  W.  Levinge,  Esq.,  Levington  Park, 

Mullingar. 

*  Frederick  Lindesay,  Esq.,  Mountjoy-square, 

West,  Dublin. 

John  Lindsay,  Esq.  Maryville.Blackrock,  Cork. 

Rev.  John  Lingard,  D.  D.,  Hornby,  Lan- 
caster. 

Rev.  Humphrey  Lloyd,  D.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A., 
Senior  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

*  William  Horton  Lloyd,  Esq.,  Park-square, 
Regent's  Park,  London. 

Rev.  Richard  H.  Low,  Lowville,  Ahascragh. 
Joseph  Lowell,  Esq.,  London. 
Hugh  Lyle,  Esq.,  Carnagaroe,  Moville,  Do- 
negal. 

*  D.  Mac  Carthy,  Esq.,  Florence. 

James  Allan  Maconochie,  Esq.,  Sheriff  of 
Orkney. 


Rev.  Charles  M'Crossan,  Derry. 

*  Jas.MacCullagh,Esq.,LL.D.,V.P.  R.I.  A., 

Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 
William  Torrens  M'Cullayli,  Esq.,  M.R.I.A.. 

Upper  Gloucester-street,  Dublin. 
Alexander  M'Donnell,  Esq.,  Dublin. 
Charles  P.  Mac  Donnell,  Esq.,  Bonabroutrha 

House,  Wicldow. 
Edmund  Mac  Donnell,  Esq.,  Glenarm  Castle. 

County  Antrim. 
•Rev.  Richard  Mac  Donnell,  D.D..  M.R.I.  A  . 

Senior  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 
Thomas  Mac   Owen,   Esq.,    Middleton.  Ar- 

tane. 
George  M'Doweli,  Esq.,  A.  M.,  M.  R.  1.  A.. 

Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 
M'Gillicuddy  of  the  Reeks. 
James  M'Glashan,  Esq.,  Dublin. 
Most  Reverend  John  Mac  Hale,  D.  D.    Si 

Jarlath's,  Tuam. 
Rev.  John  M'Hugh,  Baldoyle. 
John  W.  M'Kenzie,  Esq.,  Edinburgh. 
Rev.  Thomas  M'Neece,  A.  ML,  M.  R.  I.  A.. 

Archbishop   King's   Divinity    Lecturer   in 

the  University  of  Dublin. 
Sir    Frederick    Madden,    Hon.  ML  R.  1.  A., 

British  Museum. 
James  Magee,  Esq.,  Leeson-street.  Dublin. 
Edward  Magrath,  Esq.,  for   the    Athenaeum 

Library,  London. 
John  Mahon,  Jun.,  Esq.,  Somer's  Place,  W 

London. 
Pierce  Mahony.   Esq..  M.  R.  I.  A..  William- 
street.  Dublin. 
Rev.  Samuel  R.  Maitland,  F.  R.  S..  F.  a    - 

Palace,  Lambeth. 
Andrew    J.    Maley,     Esq.,    Merrion-square. 

Dublin. 
John  Malone,  Esq.,  Rathlaslin,  Ballynacargy. 
Henry  Martley,  Esq.,  Q.C.,  Harcourt-street. 

Dublin. 

Henrv 


19 


Henry  J.  Monck  Mason,  Esq.,  M.  R.  LA., 
for  King's  Inns'  Library,  Dublin. 

George  Mathews,  Esq.,  Spring  Vale,  Belfast. 

Rev.  George  Maxwell,  Askeaton. 

Hon.  General  Meade,  Bryanston-square, 
London. 

*  Andrew  Milliken,  Esq.,  Dublin. 
Daniel  Molloy,  Esq.,  York-street,  Dublin.' 
Richard  Monck,  Esq.,  Banagher. 

Rev.  Charles  H.  Monsell,  A.  M.,  Prebendary 

of  Donoughmore,  Limerick. 
William  Monsell,  Esq.,   M.  R.  I.  A.,  Tervoe, 

Limerick. 
Rev.  Philip  Moore,  Rosbercon. 
Robert  Ogilby  Moore,  Esq.,  London. 
Thomas  Moore,  Esq.,  Sloperton,  Devizes. 
John  Shank  More,  Esq.,  Great  King-street, 

Edinburgh. 
William  G.  Morris,  Esq.,  for  the  Oxford  and 

Cambridge  Club,  London. 

*  Andrew  Mulholland,  Esq.,  Mount  Collyer, 

Belfast. 
Sinclaire  Kilbourne  MulholIand.Esq.,  Belfast. 
Joseph  William  Murphy,  Esq.,  Belfast. 

*  Joseph    Neeld,    Esq.,    M.  P.,    Grosvenor- 

square,  London. 

Joseph  Nelson,  Esq.,  Q.  C,  M.  R.  I.  A., 
Gardiner's-place,  Dublin. 

The  Very  Rev.  Dean  Nowlan,  P.  P.,  Gowran. 

William  Nugent,  Esq.,  Killester  Abbey,  Ra- 
heny. 

James  L.  O'Beirne,  Esq.,  Lower  Gardiner- 
street,  Dublin. 

Cornelius  O'Brien,  Esq.,  M.  P.,  Ennistimon. 

Francis  O'Brien,  Esq.,  Thurles. 

Sir  Lucius  O'Brien,  Bart.,  Dromoland,  Clare. 

Augustus  Stafford  O'Brien,  Esq.,  M.  P., 
Blatherwyche  Park,  Northamptonshire. 

William  Smith  O'Brien,  Esq.,  M.  P.,  Caher- 
moyle,  Rathkeale. 

The  Very  Rev.  Dominick  O'Brien,  Waterford. 


John  Cornelius  O'Callaghan,  Esq.,  Russell- 
place,  Dublin. 

Daniel  O'Connell,  Esq.,  M.  P.,  Merrion- 
square,  Dublin. 

The  O'Conor  Don,  M.  P. 

John  O'Donoghue,  Esq.,  St.  Stephen's-green, 
Dublin. 

The  O'Donovan,  Montpelier,  Douglas,  Cork. 

*  John  O'Donovan,  Esq.,  Dublin. 

The  O'Dowda,  Bonniconlan   House,  Ballina. 

*  Joseph  Michael  O'Ferrall,  Esq.,  Rutland 

square,  West,  Dublin. 

*  William  Ogilby,  Esq.,  London. 
Nicholas    Purcell    O'Gorman,  Esq.,   Q.  C, 

45,  Blessington- street,  Dublin. 

Richard  O'Gorman,  Esq.,  11,  Middle  Gar- 
diner-street, Dublin. 

Richard  O'Gorman,  Esq.,  jun.,  12,  Blessing- 
ton-street,  Dublin. 

The  O'Grady,  Kilballyowen,  Bruff. 

Thomas  O'Hagan,  Esq.,  Great  Charles-street, 
Dublin. 

Major  O'Hara,  Annamoe,  Collooney, 

Sir  Col  man  M.  O'Loghlen,  Bart.,  Dublin. 

Richard  O'Shaughnessy,  Esq.,  6,  Lower  Gar- 
diner-street, Dublin. 

Rev.  Mortimer  O'Sullivan,  D.  D.,  Killyman. 

George  Panton,  Esq.,  Heriot's  Hospital, 
Edinburgh. 

Marcus  Paterson,  Esq.,  Clifden  House,  Cu- 
rofin. 

John  Patten,  Esq.,  for  the  Library  of  the 
Royal  Dublin  Society. 

Rt.  Hon.  SirRobt.  Peel,  Bart.,  M.P.,  London. 

Louis  Hayes  Petit,  Esq.,  F.R.S.,  London. 

George  Petrie,  Esq.,  R.H.A.,  V. P.R.I. A., 
Great  Charles-street,  Dublin. 

*  Sir   Thomas  Phillipps,    Bart.,    Middlehill, 

Broadway,  Worcestershire. 
John  Edward  Pigott,  Esq.,  Merrion-square, 
Dublin. 

2  Robert 


20 


Robert  Pitcairn,  Esq.,  Queen-st.,  Edinburgh. 

*  Rev.  Charles  Porter,  Ballibay. 

Rev.  Classon  Porter,  Larne. 

Colonel  Henry  Edward  Porter. 

William  Potts,  Esq.,  Dame-street,  Dublin. 

Lt.-ColonelJoseph  Pratt, Calra Castle,  Kings- 
court. 

Hon.  Edward  Preston,  Gormanstown  Castle, 
Balbriggan. 

Colonel  J.  Dawson  Rawdon,  M.  P.,  Cold- 
stream Guards,  Stanhope-street,  London. 

Thomas  M.  Ray,  Esq.,  Dublin. 

Thomas  N.  Redington,  Esq.,M.P.,  Kilcornan, 
Oranmore. 

Rev.  William  Reeves,  M.B.,  Ballymena. 

Lewis  Reford,  Esq.,  Beechmount,  Belfast. 

W.  Reilly,  Esq.,  Belmont,  Mullingar. 

Rev.  Lawrence  F.  Renahan,  College,  May- 
nooth. 

E.  William  Robertson,  Esq., Breadsall  Priory, 
Derby. 

Rev.  Thomas  R.Robinson,  D.D.,  M.R.I.  A., 
Observatory,  Armagh. 

George  Roe,  Esq.,  Nutley,  Dublin. 

Richard  Rothwell,  Esq.,  Rockfield,  Kells. 

Rev.  Charles  Russell,  D.D.,  College,  May- 
nooth. 

Rev.  Franc  Sadleir,  D.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  Pro- 
vost of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

Rev.  George  Salmon,  A.  M.,  Fellow  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

Rev.  Francis  A.  Sanders.  A.B.,  Dublin. 

Robert  Sharpe,  Esq.,  Coleraine. 

Right  Hon.  Frederick  Shaw,  M.  P.,  Recorder 
of  Dublin. 

Remmy  H.  Sheehan,  Esq.,  Mespil  House, 
Dublin. 

Evelyn  John  Shirley,  Esq.,  M.P.,  Carrick- 
macross. 

Evelyn  Philip  Shirley,  Esq.,  M.P.,  Eating- 
ton  Park,  Shipton-on-Stour. 


Rev.  Joseph  H.  Singer,  D.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 
Senior  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,   Dublin. 

Rev.  Robert  C.  Singleton,  for  the  College  of 
St.  Columba,  Stackallan,  Navan. 

W.  F.  Skene,  Esq.,  Edinburgh. 

Aquilla  Smith,  Esq.,  M.D.,  M.R.I.  A..  Dub- 
lin. 

*Rev.  John  Campbell  Smith,  A.B.,  Glasgow. 

Joseph  Huband  Smith,  Esq..  A.M., M.R.I. A.. 
Dublin. 

William  Smith,  Esq.,  Carbeth,  Guthrie,  Glas- 
gow. 

John  Smith,  Esq.,  LL.  D.,  Secretary  to  the 
Maitland  Club,  Glasgow. 

*  George  Smith,  Esq.,   Lower  Baggot-street. 

Dublin. 

John  G.  Smyly,  Esq.,Merrion-street,  Dublin. 

George  Lewis  Smyth,  Esq.,  Bridge-street. 
London. 

Sir  William  Meredith  Somerville,  Bart.,  M.  P. 

Rev.  Thomas  Stack.  A.M..  M.R.I.A.,  Fel- 
low of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

John  Vandeleur  Stewart,  Esq.,  Rockhill.  L<  t- 
terkenny. 

Colonel  William  Stewart.  Killymoon,  Cooks- 
town. 

Hon.  and  Rev.  Andrew  Godfrey  Stuart. 
Aughnacloy. 

William  Stokes,  Esq.,  M.  D..  M.  R.  I.  A.. 
Regius  Professor  of  Phj  sic,  Dublin. 

Andrew  Storie,  Esq.,  for  the  Signet  Library. 
Edinburgh. 

William  Villiers Stuart. E.-q..M.  P..  Droman a. 
Cappoquin. 

Rev.  George  Studdert,  A.B..  Dundalk. 

*  Thomas  Swanton,  Esq.,  Cranliath.  Ballyde- 

hob,  Skibbereen. 
Walter  Sweetman,    Esq..    Mountjoy-square. 

North. 
Walter  Sweetman,  Esq..  for  the  St.  Stepher.V 

green  Club.  Dublin. 

Jam  - 


21 


James  Talbot,  Esq.,  Evercreech  House,  Shep- 

ton  Mallet,  Somersetshire. 
Bartholomew   M.   Tabuteau,   Esq.,   Fitzwil- 

liam-place,  Dublin. 

*  Edward  King  Tenison,  Esq.,  Castle  Teni- 
son,  Keadue,  Carrick-on- Shannon. 

*  Robert  J.  Tennent,  Esq.,  Belfast. 

*  James  Thompson,  Esq.,  Belfast. 
Richard  Thompson,   Esq.,  for  the   London 

Institution,  Finsbury  Circus. 
Rev.  M.  A.  Tierney,  F.R.S.,  Arundel. 
Robert  Tighe,  Esq.,  M.R.I. A.,  Fitzwilliam- 

square,  Dublin. 
*Wm.  F.  Tighe,  Esq.,  Woodstock, Inistiogue. 

*  Rev.  James  H.  Todd,    D.  D.,    M.  R.  I.  A. 

Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

James  Ruddell  Todd,  Esq.,  London. 

Rev.RobertTrail,D.D.,M.R.I.A.,F.R.S.E.^ 
Schull,  Skibbereen. 

Rev.  John  M.  Traherne,  Coedriglan,  Cardiff. 

George  Trundle,  Esq.,  for  the  Irish  Office, 
London. 

William  B.  C.  C.  Turnbull,  Esq.,  Advocate, 
F.  S.  A.,  Edinburgh. 

Travers  Twiss,  Esq.,  F.S.  A.,  University  Col- 
lege, Oxford. 

*  Henry  Tyler,  Esq.,  Newtown- Limavaddy. 
Crofton  Moore   Vandeleur,   Esq.,    Rutland- 
square,  Dublin. 

Sir  Aubrey  de  Vere,  Bart.,  Currah  Chase, 
Adare. 


Edward  Crips  Villiers,  Esq.,  Kilpeacon. 

John  Walker,  Esq.,  Prestwick  Lodge,  Ponte- 
land. 

Rev.  Charles  Wm.  Wall,  D.D.,  V.P.R.I.  A., 
Senior  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

James  A.  Wall,  Esq.,  Baggot-street,  Dublin. 

Samuel  Hibbert  Ware,  Esq.,  M.D.,  F.R.S.E. 
Edinburgh. 

Charles  T.  Webber,  Esq.,  M.R.I.  A.,  Upper 
Gloucester-street,  Dublin. 

Rev.  Whitely,    for  the   "  Portico," 

Manchester. 

James  Whiteside,  Esq.,  Q.  C,  M.  R.  I.  A., 
Mountjoy-square,  Dublin. 

The  Ven.  Archdeacon  Williams,  Edinburgh. 

Richard  Williams,  Jun.,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A., 
Dumcondra  Castle,  Dublin. 

William  Williams,  Esq., Aberpergwm, Neath. 

Lestock  P.  Wilson,  Esq.,  North  Audley- 
street,  London. 

Rev.  John  Wilson,  B.  D.,  Fellow  of  Trinity 
College,  Oxford. 

Rev.  James  Wilson,  D.D.,  M.R.I.A.,  Pre- 
centor of  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  Dublin. 

John  Windele,  Esq.,  Sunday's  Well,  Cork. 

Edward  Wright,  Esq.,  Leeson-street,  Dub- 
lin. 

*  John  Wynne,  Esq.,  M.R.I.  A.,  Hazlewood, 
Sligo. 

Rev.  Walter  Young,  Enniskillen. 


FUNDAMENTAL 


22 
FUNDAMENTAL  LAWS  OF  THE  SOCIETY. 

I.  The  number  of  Members  shall  be  limited  to  500. 

II.  The  affairs  of  the  Society  shall  be  managed  by  a  President  and  Council  of 
twelve  Members,  to  be  elected  annually  by  the  Society. 

III.  Those  Noblemen  and  Gentlemen  who  have  been  admitted  Members  prior  to 
the  first  day  of  May,  1841,  shall  be  deemed  the  original  Members  of  the  Society,  and 
all  future  Members  shall  be  elected  by  the  Council. 

IV.  Each  Member  shall  pay  four  pounds  on  the  first  year  of  his  election,  and  one 
pound  every  subsequent  year.  These  payments  to  be  made  in  advance,  on  or  before 
the  first  day  of  January,  annually. 

V.  Such  Members  as  desire  it,  may  become  Life  Members,  on  payment  of  the  sum 
of  thirteen  pounds,  or  ten  pounds  (if  they  have  already  paid  their  entrance  fee)  in  lieu 
of  the  annual  subscription. 

VI.  Every  Member  whose  subscription  is  not  in  arrear  shall  be  entitled  to  receive 
one  copy  of  each  publication  of  the  Society  issued  subsequently  to  his  admission;  and 
the  books  printed  by  the  Society  shall  not  be  sold  to  the  public. 

VII.  No  Member  who  is  three  months  in  arrear  of  his  subscription  shall  be  en- 
titled to  vote,  or  to  any  other  privileges  of  a  Member;  and  any  Member  who  shall  be 
one  year  in  arrear  shall  be  considered  as  having  resigned. 

VIII.  Any  Member  who  shall  gratuitously  edit  any  book,   approved  of  by  the 
Council,  shall  be  entitled  to  twenty  copies  of  such  book,  when  printed,  for  his  own 
and  the  Council  shall  at  all  times  be  ready  to  receive  suggestions  from  Members,  rela- 
tive to  such  rare  books  or  manuscripts  as  they  may  be  acquainted   with,  and   which 
they  may  deem  worthy  of  being  printed  by  the  Society. 

IX.  The  Council  shall  have  power  to  appoint  officers;  and  to  make  by-laws  not 
inconsistent  with  the  fundamental  laws  of  the  Society. 

X.  No  person  shall  be  elected  a  Member  of  the  Society,  until  the  entrance  fee 
and  subscription  for  the  current  year  be  paid  to  the  Treasurer,  or  one  of  the  Local 
Secretaries. 


Noblemen  and  Gentlemen  desirous  of  becoming  Members  of  the  Irish  Archaeo- 
logical Society  are  requested  to  forward  their  names  and  addresses  to  the  Secretary, 
Rev.  Dr.  Todd,  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  Literary  Societies  and  public  libraries  may 
procure  the  Society's  publications,  by  causing  the  Librarian,  or  any  other  officer,  to 
become  a  Member  of  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society  in  their  name. 

PUBLICATI 


23 

PUBLICATIONS  FOR  THE  YEAR   I  84 1. 

I.  Tracts  relating  to  Ireland,  vol.  1.  containing : 

1.  The  Circuit  of  Ireland;  by  Muircheartach  Mac  Neill,  Prince  of  Aileach;  a 
Poem  written  in  the  year  942  by  Cormacan  Eigeas,  Chief  Poet  of  the  North 
of  Ireland.  Edited,  with  a  Translation  and  Notes,  and  a  Map  of  the  Circuit, 
by  John  O'Donovan. 

2.  "A  Brife  Description  of  Ireland:  Made  in  this  year  1589,  by  Robert  Payne 
vnto  xxv.  of  his  partners  for  whom  he  is  vndertaker  there."  Reprinted  from 
the  second  edition,  London,  1 590,  with  a  Preface  and  Notes,  by  Aquilla  Smith, 
M.D.,M.R.I.A. 

II.  The  Annals  of  Ireland ;  by  James  Grace  of  Kilkenny.  Edited  from  the  MS. 
in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  in  the  original  Latin,  with  a  Translation  and 
Notes,  by  the  Rev.  Richard  Butler,  A.  B.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

PUBLICATIONS  FOR  THE  YEAR   1  842. 

I.  Cach  Hluijlu  Rach.  The  Battle  of  Magh  Rath  (Moira),  from  an  ancient  MS. 
in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  Edited  in  the  original  Irish,  with  a  Trans- 
lation and  Notes,  by  John  O'Donovan. 

II.  Tracts  relating  to  Ireland,  vol.  11.  containing : 

1 .  "  A  Treatice  of  Ireland ;  by  John  Dymmok."  Edited  from  a  MS.  in  the  British 
Museum,  with  Notes,  by  the  Rev.  Richard  Butler,  A.  B.,  M.  R.  LA. 

2.  The  Annals  of  Multifernam ;  from  the  original  MS.  in  the  Library  of  Trinity 
College,  Dublin.    Edited  by  Aquilla  Smith,  M.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

3.  A  Statute  passed  at  a  Parliament  held  at  Kilkenny,  A.  D.  1367  ;  from  a  MS. 
in  the  British  Museum.  Edited,  with  a  Translation  and  Notes,  by  James 
Hardiman,  Esq.,  M.  R.  I.  A. 

PUBLICATIONS  FOR  THE  YEAR   I  843. 

I.  An  Account  of  the  Tribes  and  Customs  of  the  District  of  Hy-Many,  commonly 
called  O'Kelly's  Country,  in  the  Counties  of  Galway  and  Roscommon.  Edited  from 
the  Book  of  Lecan  in  the  Library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy  ;  in  the  original  Irish, 
with  a  Translation  and  Notes,  and  a  Map  of  Hy-Many,  by  John  O'Donovan. 

II.  The  Book  of  Obits  and  Martyrology  of  the  Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  com- 
monly called  Christ  Church,  Dublin.  Edited  from  the  original  MS.  in  the  Library  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  by  the  Rev.  John  Clarke  Crosthwaite,  A.M.,  Rector  of 
St.  Mary-at-Hill,  and  St.  Andrew  Hubbard,  London.  With  an  Introduction  by  James 
Henthorn  Todd,  D.  D.,  V.  P.  R.  I.  A.,  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

PUBLICATIONS 


24 

PUBLICATIONS  FOR  THE  YEAR  1844. 

I.  "Begistrum  Ecclesie  Omnium  Sanctorum  juxta  Dublin;"  from  the  original 
MS.  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  Edited  by  the  Rev.  Eichaed  But- 
ler,  A.  B.,  M.  E.I. A. 

II.  An  Account  of  the  Tribes  and  Customs  of  the  District  of  Hy-Fiachrach.  in  the 
Counties  of  Sligo  and  Mayo.  Edited  from  the  Book  of  Lecan,  in  the  Library  of  the 
Eoyal  Irish  Academy,  and  from  a  copy  of  the  Mac  Firbie  MS.  in  the  po>session  of 
the  Earl  of  Eoden.  With  a  Translation  and  Notes,  and  a  Map  of  Hy-Fiachrach.  By 
John  O'Donovan. 

PUBLICATIONS  FOR  THE  YEAR  1845. 

I.  A  Description  of  West  or  Ff-Iar-Connaught,  by  Eoderic  O'Flaherty,  Author  of 
the  Ogygia,  written  A.  D.  1684,  edited  from  a  M.S.  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  C 
Dublin,  with  copious  Notes  and  an  Appendix,  by  James  Hardiman,  Esq.,  M.  E.  L  A. 
Nearly  ready. 

II.  Cormac's  Glossary;  with  a  Translation  and  Notes,  by  John  O'Donovan.  In 
the  Press. 


CATIONS  FOR  1846. 

I.  The  Annals  of  Ireland,  by  John  Clyn  of  Kilkenny,  from  a  MS.  iu  the  Library  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  collated  with  another  in  the  Bodleian  Library,  Oxford. 
Edited,  with  Notes,  by  the  Rev.  Eichard  Buti.ek.  -M.  EL  1.  A. 

II.  The  Miscellany  of  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society.  voL  i. 

III.  The  Irish  Version  of  the  "  Historia  Britonum"  of  Nennius,  or  as  it  i-  called 
in  the  Irish  MSS.  Ceabap  6pernac,  the  British  Book,  edited  from  the  Book  of  Balli- 
mote,  collated  with  copies  in  the  Book  of  Lecan,  and  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  C* 
Dublin.  With  a  Translation  and  Notes,  by  James  Henthorn  Todd,  D.  D.,  M.  E.  L  A-, 
Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  &c,  and  additional  Notes  and  an  Introduction  by  the  Bon. 
Algernon  Herbert. 

IV.  The  Annals  of  Ireland,  by  Thady  Dowling,  Chancellor  of  Leighlin.  Edited. 
with  Notes,  by  Aquilla  Smith,  M.  D.,  M.  E.  I.  A.,  from  a  MS.  in  the  Library  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

PUBLICATIONS  IN  PROGRESS. 

I.  The  Annals  of  Ulster.  With  a  Translation  and  Notes.  Edited  from  a  MS.  in 
the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,   collated  with  the  Translation  made  ;       Sn 

James 


25 

James  Ware  by  Dudley  or  Duald  Mac  Firbis,  a  MS.  in  the  British  Museum,  by  James 
Henthorn  Todd,  D.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  and  John  O'Donovan,  Esq. 

II.  The  Annals  of  Inisfallen :  from  a  MS.  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dub- 
lin; with  a  Translation  and  Notes,  by  John  O'Donovan,  Esq. 

III.  Macarias  Excidium,  the  Destruction  of  Cyprus  ;  being  a  secret  History  of  the 
Civil  War  in  Ireland  under  James  II.,  by  Colonel  Charles  O'Kelly.  Edited  in  the 
original  Latin,  from  a  MS.  in  the  possession  of  Professor  Mac  Cullagh,  with  a  Trans- 
lation, by  Denis  Henry  Kelly,  Esq.,  and  Notes  by  John  O'Callaghan,  Esq. 

IV.  Ecclesiastical  Taxation  of  Ireland,  circ.  1500.  Edited,  from  the  original  Ex- 
chequer Rolls,  in  the  Carlton-Ride  Record  Office,  London,  with  Notes,  by  the  Rev. 
William  Reeves,  M.  B.,  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

V.  The  Liber  Hymnorum:  from  the  original  MS.  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Dublin.  Edited  by  the  Rev.  James  Henthorn  Todd,  D.  D.,  M.  R.  I.  A.,  Fellow 
of  Trinity  College;  and  the  Rev.  William  Reeves,  M.  B. 

VI.  Sir  William  Petty's  Narrative  of  his  Proceedings  in  the  Survey  of  Ireland. 
From  a  MS.  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  Edited,  with  Notes,  by 
Thomas  A.  Larcom,  Esq.,  Capt.  R.  E.,  V.  P.R.  I.  A. 

VII.  Articles  of  Capitulation  and  Surrender  of  Cities,  Towns,  Castles,  Forts,  &c, 
in  Ireland,  to  the  Parliamentary  Forces,  from  A.  D.  1 649  to  1 654.  Edited,  with  His- 
torical Notices,  by  James  Hardiman,  Esq.,  M.R. LA. 

VIII.  The  Genealogy  and  History  of  the  Saints  of  Ireland:  from  the  Book  of 
Lecan.  Edited,  with  a  Translation  and  Notes,  by  John  O'Donovan,  Esq.,  and  James 
Henthorn  Todd,  D.  D. 

IX.  An  Account  of  the  Firbolgs  and  Danes  of  Ireland,  by  Duald  Mac  Firbis. 
from  a  MS.  in  the  Library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  with  a  Translation  and  Notes, 
by  John  O'Donovan,  Esq. 

X.  6opama.  The  Origin  and  History  of  the  Boromean  Tribute.  Edited  from  a 
MS.  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  with  a  Translation  and  Notes,  by  Eugene 
Curry,  Esq. 

XL  The  Progresses  of  the  Lords  Lieutenant  in  Ireland;  from  MSS.  in  the  Library 
of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.   Edited  by  Joseph  Huband  Smith,  Esq.,  M.  A.,  M.R.I.  A. 


1»  ' 


'z 

j 


0' Flaherty,  Roderic 

.1  desc. 


PLEASE  DO  NOT  REMOVE 
CARDS  OR  SLIPS  FROM  THIS  POCKET 


UNIVERSITY  OF  TORONTO  LIBRARY 


ft